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分类号HO巧密级公开UDC翻译硕壬学位论文ProectReorton2014E乂SCjpInternationalSymposiumPaperTranslation2014年东亚研究中也国际研讨会论文翻译项目报告谢敏学科专业英语笔译指导教师关烙珍教授论文答辩日期2015年5月17日学位授予日期2015年6月30日答辩委员会主席祝远德教授
ProectReort:on2014EASCjpInternationalSymposiumPaperTransla村onAReortSubmitted化ptheForeignLanguagesCollegeofGuangxiUniversity化PartialFulfillmentof化eRequirementsfortheDegreeofMasterofTranslationandIn化rpretingBXieMinyUnder化esupervisionofPro化ssorGuanRongzhentJune2(U5,
广西大学学位论文原钥性和使用授巧巧明本人声明所呈交的论文,是本人在导师的指导下独立进行研究所取得的研究成果。除已特别加W标注和致谢的地方外,论文不包含任何其他个人或集体己经发表或撰写的研究成果,也不包含本人或他人/为获得广西大学或其它单位的学位而使用过的材料一。与我同工作的同事对本论文的研究工作所做的贡献均已在论文中作了明确说明。本人在导师指导下所完成的学位论文及相关的职务作品,知识产r权归属广西大学。本人授权广西大学拥有学位论文的部分使用权,即:学校有权保存并向国家有关部口或机构送交学位论文的复印件和电子版,允许论文被査阅和借阅,可W将学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索和传播,可W采用影印、缩印或其它复制手段保存、汇编学位论文。本学位论文属于:□保密,在年解密后适用授权。因尔保密。""(请在W上相应方框内打V)*如论文作者签名:,3日敏日期:1^年^^指导教师签名:耳巧d扫作者联系电话:电子邮箱:
Acknowledgements,F-irstandforemost,Idlike化extendmyheartfe化thankstomsuervisorProfessoryp.GuanRongzhen^whohastirelesslyprovidedherinsightfulsugge巧ions,instructiveguidanceandpatientencouragementthroughoutthewholecompositionofmyreport.BesidesMsecialratitudealsooes^Mr.ZhuYuaiideMrs.LiuiaiiaiidMrs.,ypgg,QNongXueminw地ForeignLa凸guagesCollegeofGuangxiUniversity,for也eirprofoundadviceandoh?jectivecriticismonmyreporttoperfectit.LastbutnotleastIamthankfultomintimatefriendsastheaveselfle巧leredas,yyhyofmuchhelpastheycouldtoetmethrouhthetwistsandturnswhenIamdaunted*ggFinally,Iverymuchowethesucc的sfiiicompletio打ofthereport化mydeare巧parents,becausetheirsupportismymotive.i
2014年东亚研究中瓜国际研讨会论文巧译项目报告摘要"一本翻译项目的原文是篇题为东盟10巧合作框架下中国西南跨境民族与周边的"一文化交流、挑战及对策W云南跨境民族为例的学术论文,该论文是为在泰国举行""?的2014年东亚。经分析于皮特纽马克文本研究中屯国际研讨会撰写而成,原文属类型翻译理论中的信息类文本,并且本报普觀选了该理论作为整个翻译项目的主要指导理论。""本项目报告详尽记录了笔者进行该学术论文翻译项目的全过程,包括译前准备,""""入探究了学术论文的文体类型风格翻译和译后审校H大阶段,深、语言特征和目标受众、策略W及应采取的翻译辅助,并确定落实了学术论文翻译应采取的翻译理论"工具,最后运用了系统合理的审校方法yx确保译文的质量。此外,本报告还通过案例"一、、分析章,列举了学术论文翻译中存在的四类典型问题:学术论文格式政治敏感词民族特色词和引文资料,并对各类问题进行了独立的思考分析,提供了针对性的翻译处理方法,供其他译者参考。该翻译项目报告总结了学术论文翻译的有益经验,明确了学术论文翻译的核也点;""信息的真实性,准确地传递原文信息。笔者希望该翻译项目报告的成果可为其他进行学术论文翻译的译者提供可靠借鉴。关键词:学术论文翻译;文本类型翻译理论;案例分析
ProectReorton2014EASCInternationalSmosiumjpypPaperTranslationABSTRACT"Thesourcetextofthetranslatio打roectanacademicaerwiththetitleofOnthepj,ppaenesandt-ChllgCountermeasuresofCultijralExchangesBeweenCrossborderEthnicGroupsinSouthwestChinaandNeighboringCountriesUndertheASEAN10+3Cultxiralerat—T-ECoopicmFrameworkakingCrossborderthnicGroupsinYunnanProvinceasa*Casewaswrittenforthe2014EastAsianStudiesCentreEASCInternationalSmosium^()yp^heldinThailand.ThetextiscategorizedasaninformativetextbyPeterNewmarksTextCategoryTranslationTheorywhichthe打isselectedasthecoretranslationtheor仿rthis,yreport.Thewholeproce巧oftheacademicpapertranslationprojectconductedbythetranslator**hasbeenconlrecortre-trt>rehensiveydedinhisportincludinhasesofreanslaioiiq,gpp"(""'^"-analysistranslatio打andposttranslationproofreading.Duringthesehasesthereort,p,phasrobeddeeintotheasectslikethetextenreandstlelinuisticfeaturesandtaretpppgy,ggaudienceofthepaper,determinedthepropertranslationtheory,strategiesandtools,andatlastadoptedsys化maticandfeas化kapproachesofproofreadingtoensurethetranslation""quality.Moreover,inthechapterofCaseStudy,thereporthaslistedfourtypicalcases,",,""(^namelyacademicaerfbrmatoliticallsensitivewordstechnicaltermswithethnicpp,py,""’,characteristicsandcitations,oneachcaseofwhichindepende凸treflectionandtargetedsolutionshavebee凸m泣dcservinasKferenceforothertranslatoK.,giii
Thisproectreorthassummarizedvaluableexerienceoftheacademicaerjpppp""translatio打andithasdecidedtheessentialointofthetranslatio打:theauthenticitofpyinformationtheaccuratetransmissionoftheoriinalmessae.Itissincerelhoedthatthe,ggypachievementsofthistranslatio打proectreortcouldbeareliablerefere凸ceforo化erjptranslatorswhoareworkinonthetranslationoftghesametype.Keywords:academicpapertranslation;TextCategoryTranslationTheory;casestudyiv
Con化ntsAcknowledgmentsiChineseAbstractiiEnglishAbstractiiiChater1ProectDescription1pj-tt1A1.1Preranslaionnalysis1.2rearations2Pp1.2.1TranslationTools31.2Rearallelworks3.2ferencesandP12TinLi巧4..3ermologyChater2TranslationProcess5p2.1TranslationStrategies52.2r城slationStle5TyChapter3QualityControl7Chapter4CaseStudy.931Acaemcaerormat9.dipfp13.2Politicallysensitivewords23.3Technicaltermswithethniccharacteristics143.4Citations16erConcuson1Chapt5li8Bibliography20AendixISourceText21ppAppendixUTa巧etText34AppendixIIITerminologyList57
广西大单巧诛巧古单位论文20U年东化巧巧■中A国巧研讨会絶义巧巧巧目报舍Chapter1ProjectDescriptionT**hesoxircetextofthetranslationproject,anacademicpaperwiththetitleofOnthemeasuresofCu-ChallengesandCounterlturalExchangesBetweenCrossborderEthnicGroups虹SouthwestChinaandNeighboringCountriesUnder也eASEAN10+3Cultural-CooeratF—TEthnYunnanpionrameworkakingCrossbordericGroupsinProvinceas身^CaseiswrittenbystaffofForeignLanguagesCollegeofGuanxiUniversitereinafter\gy(ht"",’referred!:〇as化eclientJforthe2014theEASCInternationalSmosiumheldin)ypBankokThaandwhoworkinanuaeisEnls.TheisrovnMicroso巧gil,seglggihtextidedi,gpWordformatwith16171Chinesecharacters.Thedurationoftheroectis10dasfrom,pjy*May25化June3气2014.Thewrit巧ofthetranslationprojectreport(hereinafterreferred化"astranslator技化muchhonored化betherincialentrus化dtranslatoroftheroect.)pppjAsanacademicapertheaerdeliberatesontheculturalexchanesbetweenYuimanp,ppget-thnicrousandneihborinnationsunderheASEANlCH3CulturalCooerationgpggpFramework,anditresearchesonexclusivesolutionstotheexistedproblems,whichispresentlyanadvancedfieldconcerningtheaspectsofChineseacademicaperformatp,olitcallsem化iveexressionssomesecialtermsft>rYunnanethnicrousandcitations.piyp,pgpThenthetranslationproblemsoftheseaspectsarise.WhenthetranslatorutthesetranslationpproblemsaskeywordsinCNKIforretrievalonlafewrelativeaersarefoundwhich,ypp,verifiesthatthistranslationresearchis江newfield.There仿rethetextosesmuchchallene,pg,tothetranslatorandhsvaluabletomaketheaerthesourcetextof泣MasterofInterpreters,ppandTranslatorsMTIroectreort()pjp1Pr-translaitionAnals.1eysAator-ttsctegorizedbyhetextcategrytheoryofawoldrenownedBriishranslationtheoristthesourcetextasanacademicpaperbelonstotheinformativetextaccordinto,gg,,,1
?4'r巧大単巧巧巧古学往论文201年乂巧巧突中/^固巧研讨会论文巧译巧目报吿thetheoristPeterNewmark2001:39.Theaerloicallobectivelreresentsmanfects,ppgy,jpy,()y*tonleeanethncrousasweseautrmuchinformaiknowdgofYunnigllathhos,pcountermeasuresfi)rtheirencounteredproblemsindiferentfields.ThetargetaudiencearethearticipatedofandtheinterestedintheSymposium,includingacademics,students,ppolicymakersNGOworkersandaentsalike.,gAstheaerisauthoredforaninternationalsmosiumitobservesthestrictChineseppyp,academicaperformatinaccordancewiththeformalityofthesrmosium.Forinstancethe3p,ptypefacefontsizeofthetitlesofdifferentlevelsthelinesacinandbibliograhalikeall,pgp,yhavestandardandstrictformat.ItisaverytrickroblemtodealwithinthecourseofyptranslationastheEnlishaerformatisdifferentfromtheChineseone.,gppFxirther,thepap巧discussestheproblemsofculturalexchangesbetweenthecross-bordereChthnicgroupsinsouthwestinaandneighboringcountriesandivesout,gmanycoxmtermeasuresfromlegal,education,politicalandreligionperspectives,whichtheninvolvessomeoliticallsensitivewordsandexressions.Toconcretizetheroblemsthepypp,papercitesYunnanprovinceasacase.Therefi>re,muchintroductio打aboutYunnanethnic,groupsisshowed,andlotsof化chnicaltermswithethnicgroupscharacteristicsmakeappearancesintheaer.Besidestheaeralsocontainsmancitationmaterialwhichmadepp,ppyitmoreobectiveandauthentic.jAtoacademcaersbeonnon-tt007-ccord:36ingLiuMiqingiplg化lieraure3.,p口巧Listicallthewordinoftheaerisformalobectiveaccurateconciseandloicwithinguy,gpp,j,,g,noemotionalcolors.Thereforetheseelementsshouldbetake打intoconsiderationinthe,searchofthemo巧suitabletranslatio打methodsstrateiesandstleforthesourcetext.,gy1.2PreparationsPrearationsareanessentialartofthetranslationroce巧?Oftentimesrearationsppp,pp2
广西大洋巧巧巧古单位论义2014年东化巧突中^<国惊巧讨会论义巧巧巧目化告ncude*monoilpreparingtranslationtools,gath知ingielevantdocume打ts,essays,graphs,arallelworksandmakinaterminololist,p,ggy1.2.1IVanslationToolsThetranslationtoolscanbedividedintotwotes:hardwareandsoftware.Mostlypy,hardwareincludesalatopand汪拍obilephoneforthoseareindisensable仿rinternetp,psurfin,whichisnearlythebasisofthewholetranslatio口work.虹addhiorijapergpdictionariesserveasanotherhardware.Basically,softwareincludeswordprocessingsoftware(WPS),searchengines(BaiduandooerentformatviewersCAJViewer7.1instantm的sainsoftwareandGgl),dife(),gg(QQ-ttMotWechaonlinedicionaries.simortantlsomenecessartranslationsoftwarelike),py,y-TradesandTcloudareinstalledandhameissedwhichreatlfacilitatestheroect,gypjtranslation.1.2.2ReferencesandParallelworksAsacademicpapertranslationis打ew1:0thetranslator,itisawisewaytosearchforusefulbackgroundinformationandtranslationguidancetheoreticallorracticallb,ypy,yreadingrelevantdocuments,essays,monographsandparallelworksonthisfield.Thetranstednot-worthiretslatorhascollecelyafewlevandocumentsessa,,,y,monograhsconcerningacademicaertranslationorthesimilartextcontenttranslation泣11ppp^rovidinvaluablereferencesfortheltpgtransaionroblems.p,Itsorthentonnattheranslatoras:foundeveraaralewoiaaeronwmiigththslllrks,lkeppp***Atranslationoftechnicaltermswithminoritiescharacteristicsinothereorahicareasnggp,"AnalysisoftheE打glishTranslatio凸of化eWordsLoadedwithGuangxiFo化Culture,withthehelpofwhichthetranslatoretssomeinstructivetranslationaroachesforthesimilargppproblem.However,thereferencesonthisparticularfieldarelimitedwhichmanifeststhatthe,researchdemandsfurtherdevelopment.3
20年乂化巧突中八^国巧研付会论文巧课巧目报舍广田大单巧译巧女单化论义141.2.3TerminoloListgyTheacademicpaperincludesmanytechnicalterms,likeethnicgroupnames,georaphicalnamesofadacentcountrieslocalolicieswithChinesecharacteristicsethnicgj,p,*grousculturalactivitiesfestivalsublishedworksandmostofthemhaveoccurredforp,,p,morethanonce.AccordingtoSunZhoxixinacademictranslationshouldobservethe,prindleofuniformitythatistokeetranslationofthesamewordsandexreMionsp,,ppconsiste打t2013:72.Besides汪goodquantityofthemarequitenewandhasneverbeen(),translatedintoEnlishbefore.Therefbrethetranslatorhassearchedfortheiraccurateg,translationandmade过terminologylistbeforetherealtranslationwork.I打thiswaythe,accuracyuniformitandeficiencofthetranslatio凸workhavebeenuaranteedeve打,yyg^improved.4
?广巧大単巧床巧古单14年乂化巧巧中/会论文巧课巧目报吿tt论文20义国巧巧咐Chapt;er2TranslationProcess2.1TVanslatioiiStrategies^AccordingtoPeterNewmarksTextCateorTraiaslationTheorthesourcetextisangyy,,matextInformaivetextstisoensandardantstateinforivet.tforma6tdtheymainlserveo,yeabtrtctseNewma-41Theriounchanleuhorfeaccordin化Pterrk001:39.ritofg,g口)py^^*informativetextisutontheauthenticitoftheinformationconveyedandthelanuaeofpy,ggtheauthorissecondaryaccording化WangYinquanandRenFang口005:125).PeoplearemoreconcernedwiththeinformationcontentsoftheinformativetextLikethissourcetext,the阳pc化ofitstranslationis化oferaccurateandauthenticinformationtothetaretpgaudiencereachintheoalofefectivecommunicationamongthesouthwe巧nations.,ggTakingtheaforementionedfeaturesofinformativetextintoconsideration,PeterNewmarkroosesl-pthecommunicativetransatio打strategy2001:6269.Thestrategyp()advocatesthattheeffectsofthetranslationworkonthetargetlanguagereadei^shouldbesameasthoseofthesourcetexto打thesourcelanguage化aders.Therefore,thetranslatorshouldtransmittheinformationbasedonthecultureandpragmaticformsofthetargetlanguage.InotherwordsinordertoachievethereadabilitofthetranslationWangYinuan,y,qandRenFangshowthatthetranslatorcanmakerecombinationrevisionandsupplement,,connotat1-25trionswhennecessary2009:241flexiblusinliteralanslationandfree(),yg'^translation.Altoetherthetranslatorshouldobservetherincileofauthenticitfirsfg,ppy\re-resentntheexactinformationofthesourcetextandthetranslaonshallbeitipg,aud-tsmoienceargetedothandreadable.,2.2TranslationStleyInthettttetranslatorasconcte-ttofabovearsofhereporhhdudreranslaionanalsisp,pytye,contents,fi)nnjtargetaudienceandpurposealike,inaccordancewithwhichproperptranslationtheoryandtranslationstrategieshavebeenselected.Inlightofthatan,5
广巧乂学巧译项古学tt论文204年乂亚巧巧中A巧巧巧?棘会论文巧译巧目化告1aroatedStyleofthetranslatio凸ofthesourcetextcanbedecidedandthe打妃rmed.pppri,Thetranslatio打ofthefactsandinformatio打ofthesourcetextshouldbeaccurate,authenticand&ithfultotheoriinalAndthetranslationworkshouldbeconductedtaretingggattheaudienceofthetaretanuae.uivalent化theChine化aterithglggEqtechniclmswdistnctivecharacteristicslatinisedvocabularandaronareadotethetranslation.idin,yjgpBesidesthetranslationworkshouldobservethestrictEnlishacademicaerformat.As,gppmanydistinctdifferencesexistbetweentheChineseandEnlishacademicaerformatsingpptheteface,titles,bibliorahandsoforthsomenecessaradustmentsshouldbemade.ypgpy,yj"ChristineNordnotesthat,Apartfromtheformality,informativetextsareusually,notexchisively,imperso打al,whichisp巧sentedintheformofpassivevoiceor化irdpersonnoun,’-mhrases991:1315.Thehenomenonwheresubectsareitedinhesourcetextcanbep。)otpjhandledwithpassivevoiceinEnlish.Thewordinofthetranslationworkshouldalsobeggforma-ltechnicalrecisesuccinctandnonemotive.Loncon)lexdeclarativeand,,p,g,q,tsentetsettestttftimperaivencesshouldbehemainnenceypinheargetext.Whasmorehe,tlaildbe-overallranstonshoulogicalandnometahor.Finallmultinounconundsare,py,^commonlseentlttyinhetransaedext."A"translationshouldreflectthestleoftAtyheoriginal巧avor1968:54.sthesleofy,)y^thesourcetexthasbeenidentifiedthetranslatorcanmakehistranslationworksstlein,ycommonwith化bytheselectedtheoryandstrategies.Undoubtedlaccordintothey,gcommunicativetranslationstrategysomenecessaralterationscanbemadefromthestleof,yythesourcetextsoas!:〇increasethewadabilitandaccetabilitofthetranslatedtextamon,ypygthereadersofthetargetlanuae.gg6
广西大单巧译硕女单位论文20H年东巧巧與中函巧巧讨会论文巧译巧目报舍Chapter3ualitControlQyThetranslationqualityisthesouloftheprojecttranslation^as化relat的closelywiththereadabUity,acceptability,intentionandfunctionsofthetargettext.Thequa化yofthetranslationmakesabigdifferencetotheeflfectsofresentinandtransmittintheoriinalpggginformation.Thetranslationwillbe泣con^letelyfailureifitsqualitycaimotbeensiired.Therefoire,translatio凸workofhighqualityshallbeguaranteed.Onemo巧efectiveapproachistoproofread.Generally,proofreadingconsistsofdetectingandcorrectingerrors,deficienciesandinapproriatene巧concerningthewordingsentencesstructuresandstlep,,yalikeofthetranslation.虹thisreortthetranslatortakesthreeroofreadinrocedurespjpgpaltogetherwitheachrocedurecenterino打diferentrioritiesinordertosstematizethe,pgp,yproofreadingandobtainfinerendroduct.pThtrocesse-ceckInthscotefirspdureilfhing.iursetheranslatorcorrectsevident,takessetttst-misllinuncuaionrammarandthelikesulemenheleftoutnformation(pg,i,p,g)ppandavoidsobscuritysoastoincreasethereadabilityofthetranslation.,Peerreviewisthesecondprocedure.Theconductorsofeerreviewaremostlpyclassmatesofthetranslatorostraduatesofthesameorrelevantmaors.Theyeliininate,pgjelusivemistakesescapedthepreviousprocedureandwordingdeficienciesincludinthe,gmstakescauseackofrofessionalnowledeandackrounrmaton.idbyalkbdinfoipggT'hefinalproofreadingprocedizre,onthepragmaticlevel,isdonebythetranslatorssupervisor,whopointsouttheproblemsexistedinthediscoursestructure,inthetranslationofthepo化icallysensitivewordsaswellasinthestleofthetarettextandmost,yg,importantly,offersthetranslatorpreciousandinstructiveadviceintermsoftheseproblems.A'ltogetherthethreerocedurescombinetominimizethetranslationserrorstothe,preatestdegreeimrovethetranslationdeficienciesmarkedlandenhancetheg,pyappropriatene化,readabilityandacceptabdityoftheproject,inotherwords,thetranslationroectaccomiseithateuaitafterroofreadin.pjisplhdwdequaqlgyp7
广西大单巧译巧古学往论义如14年义巧巧巧中A巧巧研巧会论文巧译巧曰化合^On*theJune3^2014thelastdaoftheroectdurationthetranslatormadethefinal,ypj,adustae打tsonthetranslationworkbasedon泣oodsummaryofthewholeenwsjgaccumulatedfromtheproofreadingwork,adjustedthetextformataccordingtotherequirementsoftheclientanddeliveredtheultimateroduct化出eclientbtheendofthe,pydaywhichmarkstheaccon)lishmentofthetranslationroect.,qpj8
?*广西大单巧课巧女单tt论文2014年东化巧免中/<^国巧巧咐会论文巧巧巧目化吿Chapt;er4CaseStudyFourticacasesarestetinthischaternameacademcaerformatypllidoup,lyipp,oliticallysensitivewords,technicalt知mswithethniccharacteri別icsandcitations.AsPeterpNewmarkhasproposed,theenqphasisofinformativetexttranslationshouldalwaysbelacedp,",o打authenticitythereciseconveanceoftheoriinalinformationthereforethe,pyg,,translationofthecasesrequestsaccuracysmoothnessandconcise凸ess.Thereadabilitand,ytttetataesaottoatacceabiliyofhreudienchouldlsbeakeninccoun.pg3*1AcademicaerformatppStrictformatrequirements妨esymbolicofacademicpapers,for泣standardanduniform’formatmakespapercontentsconvenient化readandreadersneededinformationaboutthepapa:easy化locate.However,greatdisparitiesoftypefont,tablesandreferencesformatalikeexistbetweenChineseandEnglishacademicpapers.Thereforethetranslatorhasto,tacticallyhandlethetransibrmationainmoreheedtothetindiferencesbetweenthenijpygyjinorder化巧astandardEnlishacademicaerwiththecorrectformat,andensurethattheggppformatofetarettextisfaithfultothatofthesourcetext.thgAsthesourcetextservesthe2014EASCInternationalSymposium^化eConference,,"CharassentoutadocumentCallForPaersalonwithaninvitatontothecentofthsihilii,p,gproject.Withinthedocument,theChairhasstatedclearlyaspecifiedpaperformatconcerningb化liorahandsoforthnameltheAPAformatacotnmo打lyaccetedaergpyjy(pppformat抗rsocialsciencesresearchaccordingtoWikipediaonthebasisofwhich化e),translatorhascopedwiththeformatproblembystrictlyinaccordancewiththeformat.Case19
04年乂化巧究中国巧巧?分会论文巧译巧目报告广西大学宿译巧古単往论义21引言一、云南的巧境民族MR况—()250^仁)彝族二、云南跨资民族的姪济文化交流形式Translation:1?虹troduction2.AnOverviewofEhnicsinYunnantGroup2.1HanPeople2*2inPeople-3.EconomicandculturalexchangeformofcrossborderethnicrousinYunnangp",,虹theEnlishaertheIntroductionartiscommonlreardedasthe&stchatergpp,pygpofteaer.BesidesTheauthorchanedthefirstsecondandthirdlevelheadinsaccordinhp,,ggpgtotheAPAformatandmadethesecondlevelheadingsintheitalicfe?nn.Therealsoexistsatinybutnoteworthyoint;thetitlesofChineseaerarewrittenwithtwoblanksacesattheppppbeginning,whiletheEnglishtitlesarewrittenfromthestartofaline.Case2表一细籍学生在稱西臟倩况 ̄ ̄\数就读人数^学籍20002001200220032004200520062007小学1561541571581772292843巧中学1010101613233720合计166164167174190252321353Translation:10
广西大学巧巧硕女単往论义2014年东巧巧巧中麟困禄巧讨会论义宵译巧目化舍Table1EducationalSituationofBurmesestu化ntsatL胆icity\NumberEnrollmentSchoolrolK20002001200220032004200520062007Primary156154157158177229284333SchoolMiddleSchool1010101613233720TotalNumber166164167174190252321353InthiscasethetextintheChinesetableiswritenin化eFontSo打5and化eChinese,g,titleofthetableisutinthemiddleabovethetable.Butaccording化thePublicatio凸Manualp‘"2010化etextinthetablewithanAPAformatusesthefo凸tofNewTimesNorman12(),andthetabletitleisutatthebeinninofthelineabovethetable.pggCase3戴继诚,,《宗教与国家安全》,载《中国人民公安大学学报》(社会科学版)2007第4期,第1巧页。,Translation:""n'DaiJicheg(2007).ReligionandNationalSecurity.JoMrw幻/分妨如知6户併公fes?戶wMc灰cwr/味沉ocialSciencesEdition.4:1皆巧)()巧Thiscaseisthetranslationofb化liography.Theperiodicalsofthetranslationb化liographyshallbearrangedbasedo打theAPAformatasfollows:AuthorA,AuthorB,皮AuthorC.y999).Titleofarticle.TitleofPeriodical,(volume),pages,il-accordngt:oAinericanPscholoicalAssocation2010:2.iyg()InadditionastheAssociationindicatesiftheb化liorahyisabookthetitleofthej,,gpbookshalluseitalicfont,andlocationofpublicationandpublishershallbelistedsubsequently;Ifthebibliographyisanarticleofnewspapersorperiodicals,thetitleofthe11
?广西乂学巧课巧女単化论文2014年东化研免中■国巧巧咐会论文巧巧巧目化告articleshallbewithindoubleuotationmarksandthetitleofthenewsaeroreriodicalqppp’打eednotIftheb化liorahis江webaeitssuestedthatouwritedownthenameof;gpypg,ggyw洗stt-theauthoreariteandthererievalime2010:310.,y,()3.2PoliticallysensitivewordsThemeaningofthepoliticallysens化ivewordsisincloserelationswithourstatesituationovernmentstandandmostimortantlwiththenationalinterests.Sowhen,p,,gytranslatingthesewordsthetranslatorshallutmucheffortsandwisdomintoitincasethat,p,theremayariseunnecessaryroblemsanddiscords.CarmenArdeleanemhasizesthatonpp,thelinguisticlevelbeingpoliticallcorrectcommonlrefersU)reservinamoderatejyypgatitduettinltlilsit-udeandresectfbrmaersreardcuureracereionornationaoverenpgg,,ggyon*notherwordsesseechandworkscannothurtothereoles2008:24.ifeeling,ppp()Case1非法跨境通婚势必引起黑人、黑户现象的增多,给户籍登记、人口普查、计划生育、一系列的管理工作带来很大的困难社会救济、民政救助、医疗等。Translation:Ieacross-rrtermarraestocausetecreaseofunresterellglbodeinigiboundhingidtlttin过ividualsandunregisteredhouseholdswhichbringsgreadificuies;oadministrationonhouseholdreistrationcensusfamillanningsocialreliefciv。rescuemedicaltreatmentg^,yp,,andthelike."’,",’The黑人黑户thesentencearerelatedwtteone-oinihhchildlicofChina,py,whichisconsideredasviolatio打ofhumanrightsbywesterners.So化etranslatorhas化take‘‘,n黑,thisitofoilconsideration.Inadditiontheinthissentencehasnorelationwiththe,""""化eralmeaningofblackortheconnotativemeaningofillealandifthetranslatorg,"巧translatesitintoillegalhouseholdscontroversiesofhumanrihtsabusewillarisebecause,g,*"thedidnotcommitanycrimes.Thereforeinsteadoftranslatintheminto节lackory,g12
广西大单巧译硕女单化论文2014年来化巧突中八国巧部时会说巧:巧巧巧白化食""(""‘,’illegal化6translatoradotsunreisteredersonneland^inreisteredhouseholds.This,pgpgwaytheo巧ective打essandreadabUityofthetranslationworkareincreasedCase2过去,云南沿边境地区乡镇中小学校的师资主要是靠8个边境州市和25个选境县市的师范学校或民族师范学校提供师资。()Translation:虹theast1;eachershereweremainlyfromthenormalschoolsandthenormalschoolsp,forethnicroupsinthe8borderc巧iesa打d25bordercounties.g""",,InChinawhenonesas民族hetends1:omean少数民族民族师范学校isthe,y,",'^’,,collegethatcultivating化achersofethicgroups.If民族istranslatedintonationalities,""""-ttItheEnglishispeakingeoplesw化feelbafledbecausenaionaliiesmeans多个民族?npjthiscaseambiuitarises.Becausethewouldmisunderstandthattherearecolleesfor,gyygonlyonenationality,andthatracialdiscriminationexistsinChina.Accuracyandrecisenessp’aresuggestedjforinformativetexttranslationbyPeterNewmarksTextCategoryTranslation"’,""Theory.There:forethetranslatorusesethnicgrousinsteadofnationalities.,pCase3在德宏边境地区一,些贫穷流动儿童就在麵甸当地的华人学校就读。送些华人学校得到了西方国家和台湾相关机构的大力支持。Translation;InDehongborderarea,somepoormigrantchildrenstudiedintheChineseschoolinBurma.TheseschoolsarelarelysuortedbyrelativeinstitutesofthewesterncountriesandgppTaiwan,China.T'aiwanisat!integralartofChina.TheissueofTaiwanisseriouslrelatedtoChinaspysovereigntyandterritorialinterityandithasalwasbeenthemoste巧entialandsens化iveg,y""tteSno-UReatons打dmteone-co打ebeweenhi.S.li.Aweadherefirly化hChinapoliy.13
广巧大单巧课巧古单化论义2014年义亚巧突中A巧巧研讨会论文巧译巧目报告,,,"‘TTherefore,whentranslating台截intoEnglish^thetranslatorshouldU化aiwan*China,"’,wwhichmeans中国台湾?Inthisway,eclearlystateourpo化icalstandandleavenoloopholeorobscurityfijrtheentitwithanulteriormotivetosearateChina.ypitcs3.3Technicaltermswhethniccharacteristi虹化esourcetext,化ereappearlotsofpropernames,such妝namesofminorities,uncommonlacesdocumentsoranizationsbooksandexoticfe巧ivalsmo巧ofwhicharep,,g,,withstrongethniccharacteristicsandhaveneverbeentranslatedintoEnglishbefore.Suchtermshavetheirspecialculturalconnotationsbutthetranslatorfeils化find化ecounterarts,pEnscreatn汪situato打funtranslatabilit.ieveoodtranslationworksthatinglihigioyToachg,representingreciseltheoriinalculturalinformationthetranslatorhas化elasticallutilizepyg,ythediferenttranslationmethods:trans化erationliteraltranslationfreetranslationand,^ttsseseZhuanFan2014-connoa:80ionutdb83.,ggyg()Case1""""彝族自称为罗罗。在越南、老挺居住着数千人彝族居民,当地人自称为傑傑。Translation:【"YipeoplecallthemselvesTLuoLuo,whilethousandsofYipeoplelivinginVietnam"巧",,""a凸dLaoscallthemselvesLoLoLuoLuoandLoLosharethesameronu打ciationin(pChinese,)",,"。Forthissentencetheauthoradoted化etnms化eration.InChina罗罗and傑傑,p,,havethesameronunciationbutdiferent仿nns.虹accordwithPe化rNewmarksTextp",’""C注teor了nmslatio打TheorItranslatedthemintoLuoLuoandLoLoaswellasmakey,gy,江connotation化exlainthematrachievinthesameefectonthetaretaudiencewhilepte,ggdoinnoharmtothemeaninofthesourcetextforthetranslationofinformativetextshouldgg,'^^observetheprincipleofauthenticityachievinthesameeffectsbetweenthesourcetext,gandthetargettext.14
广巧大单巧译硕古学位论义2014年乂化巧究中A国昧巧讨会论义颗课巧目报告Case2在老披,,俸族分别称为泰颊族、泰納族主要分布在老捉北部垄南省的赫醒、丰沙里省的赫乌、赫乌德。Translation:InLaosDaieolearedividedintoTailueeoleandTainaeolemainllivinin,pppppp,ygMengxinoftheaorthemLongnanprovinceaswellasMengwuandMengwudeofPhongsaligProvince,A‘lltheroernamesinthiscasehave凸oexistingoficialEnlishversionsexcet年沙gppp",’"里省whhhasnfoundtobetra打slatedasPho打aliProvinceinma打academicicbees,gy",,papersafteralongtimesearch.There仿re,theauthorusedthePhongsaliProvince."。",,",,","Whereasfortheotherro巧nameslike泰觀族泰納族垄南省励酵動乌,pp,,,‘,‘"and動乌德thearoachoftransliterationwasa过otedjasits过translatio打routineto,pppadopttransKterationfornames.Case3""""""在云南,如俸族的泼水节、景颇簇的目艦纵歌、苗族的踩花山节及大""王月节一理的等等,都是吸引跨境民族自动参与个好契机。Translation:’,In-Yunna扛Province,fe巧ivalssuchasDaisWaterSprinklingFestivalJinosMunao^gpuZonggeCarnivalafestivalwherealareamoxintofeoledancintoetherMiaos(gppgg),er-oeDanctFlowplingFestival(afe巧ivedaywhenpeopledancenear泣poledecoratedwihflowerstowor沈itheirance巧orsandwhenoungladsaycourt化theirbelovedonespyp),LunarMarchFestival(agrandgalaofBaipeoplefortradinginannuallunarMarch)inDaliortunesatractcross-rerarereatoititotbodethnicgroupstoarticiatespontaneously.gpppp*Whentranslatintheroernameswithminoritiescharacteristicsthetranslatorshouldgpp,firstobservetherincleofaccurac.Inotherwordsthetranslatorshouldadottheoficialp*y,pcorresondntransation化化existswhileifnotaccurateandconcisewordsshouldbeusedpigl,^15
?■广巧乂掌巧译巧古案位论义2014年东化巧奶中/<^国巧巧咐会说义巧译巧目化合fbrthetranslation.Whenfacedwiththissente打cethetranslatorsearchesthebackground,""""""""informationof泼水节,目脑纵歌踩花山节and兰月节泼水节isafamous,festivalofDaipeolea打d化hastheexistingoficialcorresondingEnglishversion:pp",’Wa-F巧八terSrinklingestival目脑纵歌is江伤泣!wherealarenumberofJinoeolep;gppp",,dancing化gether;踩花山节isa拓stivedaywhenMiaopeopledancene泌泣poledecoratedwithflowers化worshtheirancestorsandwhenounMiaoladsacourt化theirbeloved电ygpyA",,ones;ndatlast,兰月节refers化agrandgalaofBaipeoplefortradinginannuallunarMarch.Accordintothecomimmicativetranslationthetranslatorcanusetheliteraltranslationg,methodfortheculturalexpressionswithdistinctivecharacteristics.Mostimportantly,connotationsaregivenrespectively,sothatthetargetaudiencecanunderstandtheculturalmeaningofthefestivals,eliminatingthemissingoftheimpliedinformation.Andthusreadabi化yofthetranslatio凸isenhanced.3.4CitationsThesourcetextcontainsmanyc巧ationsabouttheinformationofChineseminorities.AlotofuresanddataarencludedAsamatterofactiisasoannformatvetextwhosefigi.f,tlii,N^translationaccordintoPeterewmarksTextCateorTranslationTheorshouldconve,ggyy,ytheintactreferentialorconceptualmeaning.Whatcountsmostisthatthetargetlanguagemustbeconciseandaccurate.Nosuperfluouswordsshouldbeincluded.Case1"根据第6次全国人口普查结果,吉南苗族人口为120.3万人,占云南全省总人口’,的2.62%。Translation:'"According化Chinassixthnationwidecensus,Thereare1.203millionMiaopeoplein"'Yunaiijaccountingfor2.62%oftherovincesoulation.ppp61
广西大単巧译巧女学位论文2014年来化巧兜中A国巧巧巧会论文巧巧巧目巧L舍Case2"居住在泰国、麵甸、老扳北部原籍为云南的回族根据西方学者的统计,,大约为"、、。10万人。其中,泰国的清巧清莱南奔王府的回族,约有2万人Translation:"ccordntheatstcsofwesternscholarsabout0000eoeinnThailandAi化stii10llivig,,ppg,BurmaandthenorthofLaosareoriginallyHuipeopleofYunnanProvince,about20,000of'Ma"whomvenThailandsaniiRaiandLamhunliiChig,Chi沿gp.Case3云南有瑶族19万人,主要居住在红河、文山两个洲的南部。Translation:Thereare190,000YaopeoplelivinginYunnanprovince,mainlyinthesouthofHonheHanniandYiAutonomousPrefectureaswell泣sWenshanZhuangandMiaogAutonomousPrefecture,"Thetranslationofthesecasesstrictlyobservedtherindpleofaccuracyandp,’conciseness.Accurateandconciseinformationisconvincingmakinthestandointofthe,gpauthormoreowerful.Sointhecourseof化xtmaterialtranslationthetranslatorshallreceivep^andwritedowntheexactinformationdatalaceandtimealiketoavoidsomemistakes(,p),,ambigidtyorobscurity.17
广巧大学巧课硕古单往论文2014年乂化研究中A国巧巧钟会论义巧译巧目化告Chapt:er5ConclusionThistranslationroectthesourcetextofwhichisanacademicaeriscateorizedaspj,pp,g^aninformativetext.UndertheguidanceofPeterNewmarksTextCategoryTranslationTheory,thetranslatorchosethecommunicativetranslatio打strategyemhasizinonthe,pgaccuratetransmissionoftheoriginalmessagewithlogicauthenticitandconciseness.After,yundertakingalltheworkduringthethreetranslationphasesthetranslatormanaedtorender,gtheproectwithadeuateualitanddeliverit化theclientwithinthesubmissiondeadline.jqqyThewholeprocessoftheprojecttranslationistortuousandpainstaking,whileintheteFirstre-tcourselotsofvaluableexeriencehasbeenaccumulad.tofallinhepranslatio打,p,anasistheknowledeofthetextteformatlinuistic校aturesandthelikeofthely,gyp,,gChineseacademicpaperareacquired,andthediferencesbetweenChineseandEnglishacademicpapersarenotedandtakenintoconsiderationinthecourseoftranslation;Moreover,,—iivehabasuitabletranslationstrategyNewmarkscommuncattranslationstrategyseenfoundtouidetheacademicpapertranslationandthestyleoftheEnglishacademicpaperisg,determinedlastafter江lonsearchformanirefere凸CCSandthorouhreflectionsthe;At,gyg,translatorhasfoundfeas化lewaystohandlethefourtypicalproblemsofacademicpaper化anslatio打:academicpaperft)rmatpo化icallsensitivewords化chnicaltermswithethnic,y,characteristicsandchations.Noteworthily,owingthatmanyobstaclesanddifficultiesariseoutofthetranslationprocessthatcouldnHbesolvedalonethetranslatorwascomelledtosearchforassistanceb,pyallmeansthroughsxxrfingtheInternetorcontactingcapablepeople.Andinthiscoxirsethe,,ab。化esofthetranslatorhavebeenacuiredandimrovedincludinseekinrarelseeniqp,ggyinformation^makingdeepcommunicaticmonsophisticatedproblemslogically,putingabstractandobscuretranslationtheorintoalicationandsoforth.yppOnesaantaestattheuantitofthearalleworksfoundislimiteandthsmadidvgihypld,iqybeattttteanst-mtHtsttribuedoheinabiliofhtrl过toro化ekrarelseeninforaion.oweverhiyy,18
广西大单巧译巧古単位论义2014年义化巧巧中#<^困巧研分会论文巧译巧目化舍ca打江Iso巧fleetthattheKscarch0打roblemsofacademicaertranslatio打isscarceandthispppfieldwmains化bero化imdldeveloed.pypTheoa巧onetmccultures泣newearent.化emandstranslationfacademicppliifildtpsedfurtherdevelopmentfi)racademiccommunicatio。ismarkedlsinificantfi)rtheroressof,ygpgChineseethnicgroups报wellastheneighboringcountries.Thoughimperfectionremains,thetranslatorsincerelyhopesthatthee?q)eriencegainedfromthisproecttranslationcouldjserveasause扣ireferenceforothertranslators1:0conductthetranslationofthesameorsimilartexttype.19
广西大単巧译巧古单化论义2014年义化巧巧中A。巧巧咐会论文巧译巧百化告*B化Uogiahpy[。Ardelean^。2008.TheChallengeofPo化icalCorrectness虹theTranslationof""HSensitiveTexts阴.HAY^HHTPyHOBEHAPyCECKHflYHHBEPC肌ET(47):24口mericanPscholoicalAssociation.2010.PubUccUionmanualotheAmericm]AygfPsychologicalAssociation(6therf.^[N]-WashingtonD.C.,t2014lFoPZB3RamkhamhaenUniversi..Calraers,ankok.[]gyp[]g…Newmark^P.2001.^Tfexf分伽0。[M].Shanghai:ShanghaiForeignLanguageEducation.Newmara化次妨化巧*Mn口]rk,R2001?冷巧。舶/。执w[].Shaghai:ShanghaiForeig打LanguageEducation.6C.1991.TextjinafysesinTranslation.ITieor,ethodologyidactic]yM,andD['-orqaMw/c/brrra/w/adort/cwtei/Amsterdam:Rx)doL/yp7Savory,T.1968.TheArtoTranslationM.London:Cae.[]f[\phtt://en-wikiedia.or/wiki/APAstle[引ppg_y削刘茲化1998.文体与翻译[M].北京冲国对外翻译出版公司.[10]刘亚猛.2004?风物长宜放眼量;西方学术文化与中国学术翻译阴.中国翻译01):44^8.12021)1麦红宇.1?.;[],关烙珍广西民俗文化词英译案例评析阴广西民族大学学报(-96與.12.2013.孙周兴.学术翻译的几个原则阴中国翻译(4);72[]13王银泉,任方?2009.论文本类型理论对翻译实践的导示意义阴?Crazlish[]yEngTeachers101-125;24.()14周化2013?学术论文规范问题研究综述町文化学刊4:58.[]()--15庄帆.2014.从己斯特奈文化翻译理论看民俗文化的英译[]W福建省民俗文化紋英翻译为例内-.凯里学院学报(4):8083.20
广西大学翻巧硕古学位论文2014年东化巧免中'义国巧研讨会论文翻译巧目报吿Appen过ixISourceText东盟10巧合作框架下中国西南跨境民族与周边的文化交流、挑战及对策—W云南跨境民族为例广西大学林志亮巧要:东盟10巧合作框架下各国人员跨境流动更加频繁,文化交流与合作更加紧密,由于中国西南边疆与东南亚各国存在着很多跨境民族,这些跨境民族与周边国家的相同民族存在着千丝万缕的联系,其文化交流非常頻繁,因此,跨境民族与周边的文化交流也面临着各种挑战。这些挑战分别来自宗教、文化、教育与国家安全等领域。对跨境民族与周迪的文化交流进行深入研究有助于更好地推动中国与东盟国家间的文化交流合作,有助于维护国家安全。+3关键词:东盟10民族文化交流挑战对策;搗境;;;引言一0+32003东盟中日韩(1)文化部长会议自年启动W来,10巧文化合作从无到有,在各国政。经过11年的发展0巧府的大力支持和共同努力下迅速发展,1文化合作己步入快车道,进入深化。深化人文交流发展的关键阶段,打造区域文化合作是东盟与中日韩各国政府现阶段致力于推动的。巧文化合作工作在东盟框架下,中国与东盟国家之间的文化交流既面临着机遇也面临着挑战,其与周边的文化交流是值得重点研究的课题。中,中国跨境民族中国西南边境与东南亚间的跨境民族是在历史上中国与东南亚各国家的边界变迁及当地民族不断迂徙发展而形成的,因此,该地区的跨境民族既对各自所居住的国家保持认同,也对他们的故止保持着某种形式的认同,跨境民族也就成了联系中国与,并与邻国相同的民族保持着密切的联系东南亚各国家的纽带。云南地处中国西南大通道的咽喉地带,是中国通向东南亚和南亚的重要陆地要道。云南与东南亚的铜甸、越南和老抵接壤。云南与周边国家的陆地边界长法4061公里,其中中铜边界1997公里,5007107、、中老边界公里,中越边界公里。云南有11个县市,其中27个县市与周边国家接壤。一2620云南又是个多民族的省份,共有个民族,其中有个民族跨云南与周边邻国而居。这些^跨境民族对云南乃至中国周边的和谐与稳定,起着十分重要的作用。因此,本文作者将云南的跨1^10+3境民族作为研究对象,探讨东盟合作框架下跨境民族与周边的文化交流、挑战与对策。=、云南的跨境民族组成巧况所谓的跨境民族,指的是分别在两个或两个W上的国家里长期居住,但又保留了原来共同的某一民族的认同感的民族些民族特色,彼此有着同。他们虽然长期分居于不同国家,受当地主体民族或其他民族的不同影响,在语言、服饰、物质文化与精神文化等各方面有了不同程度的变化,但是在他们传统文化的底层,W及日常生活的深处,与原来的民族传统是有着千丝万缕的关系。本文所""一指的跨境民族涵盖了亲缘民族,即中国的些民族与周边国家的民族具有共同的族缘关系,语言、宗教和生活习俗等基本相同或相似。云南主要的跨境民族的組成及分布按人口数量排列如下:21
广西太単曲巧巧Hr#化论义2014年东化巧巧中A国巧部时会论义巧巧巧目化告一(;)汉族"、6口在云南,汉族是26个民族中人数最多分布最广的民族。根据第次人普査的结果,云"3066.63%南汉族人日为说.9万人,占总人曰的。与云南边境接壤的越南、老敍、铜甸等国家,居住着不少汉族华人,比如铜甸的果敢族就是汉族居民。仁:>彝族""根据第6次全国人口普查结果,云南省内彝族人口为502.8万,占云南省总人口的10.07%。■彝族是云南省人数最多的少数民族。主要居住在楚雄洲、红河洲。在云南5个地、洲分布着人数不等的彝族,并且16个县、市居住着上万人的彝族居民。""""彝族自称为罗罗。在越南、老扮居住着数千人彝族居民,当地人自称为保保。(云)哈尼族""根据第6次全国人口普查结果,云南省内哈尼族人口为163万人,占全省总人口的3.55%。2主要集中在元江和滿沧江下游之间的地区,W元江、墨江、红河、元阳等县分布较广。6哈尼族在细甸,,、越南、老扮、泰国有分支。中国境外的哈尼族在细甸数量最多为万人大""部分集中在东禅邦高族。越南的哈巧族大约1万人,集中在越、中、老三国交界的,他们称为一2万多人""越南侧地区。泰国有哈尼族,居住在清莱府。老敍有哈尼族1万人,称为卡果,主要居住在丰沙里、滾南塔、乌多姆塞等H个省。(四)俸族"云南省內俸族人"3根据第6次全国人口普査结果,口为口2.2万人,占全省总人口2.66%。云南的俸族主要居住在云南西南跨境地区的弧形地带,在西双版纳俸族自治洲、德宏俸族景颇自治洲等地人数较多。"傢族与分布于泰国、衝甸、老姑诸国的遅、挣、老等肪彼此都有着共同的族属渊觀在古''''''挣,代汉文史籍中常常被统称为又与华南壮個各族合称为越,故挣懷各族与古代百越,"4亦有着共同的族属渊源。""""8日在细甸,样族自称为俸,占麵甸总人口的.%,人口为420万(2003年统计)。为了区"""分各地的挣族,细甸把族名和地名连接起来加W称呼,比如俸卯、俸腊戌、俸痕等。由于历史上长期较为密切的联系和交往,挣族无论在生产方式上,还是在宗教生活习俗上都受麵族影响,禅族95%W上的人口信仰佛教。他们的经济生活W农业为主,也有少数人兼营手工业或小本经营的商业"。小手工业可W生产农具、家庭用品、装饰品、布匹、炊其,还编席子、织埼包、造纸、染线5""""俸族有亲属渊源关系。在泰国中小学历史教科书中泰国的泰族与云南的,正式承认中""""国南方的少数民族俸族等往中南半岛迁徙,变成了今天的泰族。泰族是泰国的主体民族,占全国人口的40%。在老披,俸族分别称为泰勸族、泰袖族,主要分布在老抱北部垄南省的劫醒、丰沙里省的勤乌、励乌德。(五)壮族壮族是中国人曰最多的少数民族,在中国的广西、云南、贵洲、广东和湖南均有分布,其中,一广西的壮族最多6次全国人口普査,云121万人,大部分居住在文山县。根据第南的壮族有带。'htt..1p://wwwstatsgov.cn/tb/rkcb/dfikcb/t2020228402804344.htmjgpgpg_2ht://www.state.ov.cn/b/rkc/dfrl)cb/t20120228344.htmtpg6gp班qg—4028043ht....p://wwwstatsgovcn/6gb/rkpc班/dfrkpc班/t20120228402804344htm—■4袁琳斯《俸族》-,巧疆美术摄影出版化,2010年3月,第2页。15?巧圣达、《列国志》李晨化细甸,社科文献出版社,2010年8月第3肪第巧页。22
广西大単巧淨项古■义2014年东化巧巧中A旧巧部讨会化文巧译巧目化?中国的壮族与泰国的泰族、老掛的巧龙族、越南的依族、麵甸的挣族在文化上有很多相同之处,一属于同族缘的民族。(六)織""6,云20.3万人,2根据第次全国人曰普查结果南苗族人曰为1占云南全省总人口的.62%。6云南的苗族分布在87个县、市。文山洲的苗族人口最多,其次为红河洲和昭通地区。"越南称苗族为赫蒙族,有41.1万人,分布在越南北方W封±、莫边府、高原、黄狩皮、顺,洲等地较为集中。老敍有苗族20万人,居住在北部,W川扩、丰沙里、桑怒、会晒、滾勃拉邦等1地人为最多。苗族在细甸有万人,主要集中在萨尔温江上游两岸山区,W果敢地区最为集中。泰7"国有苗族7万人,80%的人日集中在清迈、清莱、达、黎、碧差没等5府。化)回族"61根据第次全国人口普査的结果,云南回族人口为朗.8万人,占全省总人口的.52%。回族在吉南居住比较分散,大都住在城镇和交通沿线。云南回族人口上万的甚有口个,红河洲和西双版纳洲等都有回族人居住。"1根据西方学者的统计,居住在泰国,0万、铜甸、老姑北部原籍为云南的回族大约为人。"9其中,泰国的清迈、清莱、南奔兰府的回换约有2万人。(八)巧便族"云南傑傑族人""根据全国第6次人日普査的结果,口为66.8万人,占总人口的1.45%。主要集中居住在怒江洲,在丽江、迪庆、大理、保山等地洲也有不少傑傑人。一麵甸和泰国存在定的巧傑人。铜甸有4万傑保人,大都居住在挣邦和克钦邦。泰国有1.5万傑傑人,主要居住在清迈、清莱、夜丰颂等H府。化)拉巧族"11'根据全国人日第6次普查的结果,云南拉巧族人曰为47.5万人,占总人口的1.03V。拉巧族主要居住在云南的欄沧县和孟连县-。""3在铜甸,拉枯族被称为么舍,居住在挣邦东部万人,。泰国有拉巧族W清迈府居住最为4000集中,。在清莱、夜丰颂、达府等地也有分布。越南有拉枯族人分布在中国边境地区。老掛有拉巧族2000人,居住在巧南塔省。(千)侃巧云南省的低族大约有38万人,分布在临江、思矛地区的西南部,W西盟、沧源两县最为集中。""""他们自称为化或阿巧。细甸有巧族8万人,大部分居住在挣邦1.2万。泰国有低族人,分布在清迈、夜丰颂、达府等地。老捉北部也有不少巧族人。 ̄(i)巧族"瑶"云南有瑶族19万人,主要居住在红河、文山两个洲的南部。他们自称为。一34万人,分布在越南的西北部。老抵有瑶族2万人,主要住在中老、老越边界带越南有瑶族。细甸有=瑶族存在,主要分布在金角、铜泰边境、样邦等地。6ht....t://wwwstatsovcn/b/rkcb/dfrlcb/t20120228402804344htmpg6gpgqpg—■7二届中国与东南亚民族论坛论文方铁、:,惊南境内外跨境民族的分布来源及其特点》载《第集》,民族出版化20070月版0。年,第11页1*htt.p://wwwstats.gov.cn/tjgb/rlq)cgb/dfrlq)cgb/t20120228402804344.htm_""9德鲁???《[英]安DW宮布斯,泰国北部的云南籍华又穆斯林,载民族译A》,1988年第4巧。…ht//www.stats.ov.cn/t/rkAlfikcb/t20口0228402804344.htmp:gj班p姆pg_11htp://www.stats.ov.cn/b/rkcb/dfikcb/t20口的28402804344.htmg甘gpgpg_23
?年东化巧化中W国巧研巧会论义巧巧巧目化々?广巧大単巧巧项女掌tt论文2014(千二)景繼云南的景颇族主要居住在德宏洲,在晚川、盈江、瑞丽、梁河、腕町等地比较集中。他们自称""""为景颇或载瓦。根据2000年的统计,景颇族现有13万人曰。美丽的景颇族山区矿产资源"",丰富,动植物资源丰富多彩被称为孔雀之乡。"",,,56万人口在细甸和印度分布着景颇族。在细甸景颇族被称为克钦有。主要分布在克钦邦、挣邦北部,临近中国和印度边界地区,也有少量分布。在印乾景颇族被称为新福。(十吉)布朗族6,10万人,根据第次全国人口普查布朗族在云南为。他们居住吉南各地每个地方自称都不-样。居住在云南的施甸、保山、昌宁、德各县的自称为蒲人、蒲曼、花蒲曼、满集居住在镇一康、景东县的自称为乌,居住在墨江、双江和云县带自称为阿娃、依娃,居住在满沧江的自称为翁拱,居住在西双版纳的自称为波朗、波己朗等。一布朗族在中国、细甸和老抵S国居住。在细甸的低族的分支和拉族与布朗族同缘,属于同民族。根据统计,细甸的拉族为3万人,分布在景栋的中细边境地区。(十四)阿昌族26在云南个民族中,阿昌族人口为3万多,主要居住在云南德宏洲的晚川和梁河两甚。阿昌一族的先民很早就居住在金沙江,部分阿昌人迁移到怒江西岸,接着继、怒江和滿沧江流域。后来续向南迂移13世纪定居今天的位置。。约在""在细甸,4,,阿昌族被称为达迈族人口约万多人主要分布在克钦邦的密支那、八莫、挣邦的南坎、景栋等。(十五)怒族云南有怒族""3万人,主要居住在碧江、福贡、贡山等王甚。他们自称为怒。麵甸有怒族1万人,居住在与中国、印度邮邻的地区。(千六)巧扇族"云南有德昂族1.770%。德万人,主要居住在西南部边境地区,分布在德宏洲各县他们自称为"""昂或鲁远。""在细甸,德昂族被称为崩龙族,有24万人,主要分布在克钦邦和挣邦。(十巧織""""云南有独巧族6千人左右,主要居住在贡山县。他们自称为独龙或悚。细甸有该族口一00人,居住在恩梅开江上游带。(十八)克木人,在云南,克木人今3000人分布在西双版纳洲的動腊和景洪两县。克木族在中南半岛分布比较广泛,大约有50万人。老抱克木人有32方人,居住在西北部山区0万,。泰国的克木人有1人分布在北部山区。越南有克木人近2万人,居住在莱洲、山罗、清化、义安等省。(千九)拉基人2000,在舌南的马关县居住着约人拉基人划归于布依族。越南的拉基人主要分布在靠近中国一带边境地区的兴口县、黄树皮县和北光县。四、云南巧巧民巧的经巧文化交流形式去南跨境民族大都与周边国家的民族邮邻而居,有着悠久的文化交流传统。通过这种文化交流,强化了彼此的文化认同、民族认同,成为和谐周边建设中的文化实践活动的重要组成部分。24
广西大単翻巧硕古学位论义2014年东化研免中/义国际研讨会论文翻i牽巧目报吿"根据语言系属划分云南跨境民族分为藏细语族、壮個语族、孟高棉语族和苗瑶语族。除了,苗族、瑶族迁入较晚外,H大族系都是有数千年历史的±著民族。H大族系在分化、组合、再分化、再组合的过程中彼此间还有吸收、同化、形成各民族你中有我融合的主动与被动关系,我中有,,"云南跨境你的整体格局。民族的形成与发展,构成了云南与周边地区多民族、多文化汇聚地区,为相互间开展文化交流奠定了天然的基础。东盟1〇巧文化合作框架大大地促进了运种文化交流。吉南跨境民族的社会人文交流有W下几种形式。一()边民互市一由于地理,跨境民族的交流的重要载体之、历史等原因就是边民互市。所谓边民,就是指跨一境民族,。;所谓互市就是指双方定期到对方指定的地点进行商贸活动般说来,中国政府对互市一的商品进行减免税收的政策。,但是有定的金额限制原则上,互市的商品都是自产自销、自购自用。2008年财政部、海关总署日前联合签发《关于促进边境贸易发展有关财税政策的通知》(财关税[200引90号)。,推出系列财税、投资优惠措施,促进边境地区经济贸易发展《通知》规定,泣民通过互市贸易进口的生活用品,每人每日价值在人民币8000元W下的,免征进口关税和进口环节税。随着中国对外开放的力度加大,特别是中国对周边地区经济福射效应日渐明显,互市的规模越来越大,并已经成为边境贸易的重要组成部分。由于边民互市经常性的特点一,跨境民族可W通过这活动,增进彼此交往,拉近彼此感情,成为文化交流的物质基础。根据国情调研组的调查,2011年,瑞丽口岸完成进出口额达到107亿人民币,同比增长37.9%;进出口货物135万顿,同比増长21.2%;出入境人流量1千多万人次同比増长19.52%。,边民,其中互市扮演着十分重要的角色。瑞丽市边民互市交易市场面积为106亩,建筑面积化300平方米,投资3000多万元。现在云一南瑞丽把边民互市作为项重要的边境日常文化交流活动来抓,促进和谐周边的建设。仁)跨境民族节日庆典"跨境民族传统节日丰富多彩。民族节日庆典是跨境民族开展文化交流活动的重要平台。由于是同一一民族跨国境而居,他们彼此之间的联系十分密切,并存在着婚姻和亲戚关系,,因此方有一一庆典、婚丧、节日等活动,另方都要参加,尤其是节日期间给各跨境民族提供了,,个良好的"13。。交易机会有些节日虽为某个民族所特有,但届时其他民族也纷纷参加在""""""云南,如俸族的泼水节、景颇族的目脑纵歌、苗族的踩花山节W及大理的H月一一。在民族节日期间节等等,都是吸引跨境民族自动参与个好契机,各个民族就象个大家庭,一大家穿着节日的盛装一,开始大联欢活动,把文化认同推向了个高潮,文。在地区体化的背景下化节日往往与经贸展览结合在一起,使文化交流更具有吸引力和持久力。2012中国德宏瑞丽泼水节暨首届红木文化节,注重特色产业和民族文化的融合,实现节庆品10巧牌和城市品牌,产业区域品牌的良性互动,提升了瑞丽的城市形象魅力和国际亲和力合。东盟作的深入发展将大大増加民族间的文化认同。(3)跨境民族基础教育交流一代的价值跨境民族基础教育的交流是跨境民族文化交流的重要组成部分,它关乎跨境民族下观形成与培养问题,对于今后边疆地区的和谐、稳定,具有十分重要的现实意义。12谷禾、谭庆莉,《云南跨境民族多元历史文化与身份认同》,《云南民族大学学报》(哲学社会科学版),2009年第1期。,第60页U刘稚,《论跨境民族与云南的对外开放》,《民族研究》,1992年第5期。25
广西大#巧诗句T古单化论义2014年东化巧巧中A。巧巧讨含论义巧译巧目化含2000年W前,云南跨境民族的中国籍学生向境外流失的现象。比如在细甸边境,当地攻府为了一发展经济和培养人才的需要,出台了系列优惠的教育政策,吸引了云南边境贫穷的JLS在细甸上一些贫穷流动儿童就在细甸当地的华人学校就读学。在德宏边境地区,。这些华人学校得到T西方国家和台湾相关机构的大力支持。他们给径些细甸华人学校免费送书、送文具和衣被,并提供生活补助,将边民吸引过去。2000年,该种趋势得到了改变。比如在云南的盈江昼,有%名中国籍学生去麵甸读书,但20071年,就降到2人。2000年Siil后,细甸籍的学生开始大量涌入到云南边墳中国境内就读。2007年,细籍学生在徳宏中小学就读的情况如下:游西市巧3人,晚町经济开发区巧人,瑞丽市210人,盈江232人,晚川66----人。同根据调査分析,麵籍学生在年龄上,36岁儿童占4.5%;712岁占33%1315岁占化7%1719;;-6.1%20254.3%74.%16.%岁占1;,3,4.5%,4,;岁占从就读的年龄来看小学占初中占幼儿园占高中占"3.2%,大专占1.7%。从如00年到2007年,细籍学生在中国境内就读整体来说,呈现増长的态势。W巧西市为例,2000年细甸边境学生的就读人数为166人,2004年为190人I2007年为巧3人,8年间递増了化7人。^巧籍学生在巧西臟情化 ̄ ̄数就读人数^I学籍2000I2001200220032004200520062007小学156154巧71關177229284133 ̄中学1010101613233720合计m^mm912资料来源:贺圣达、王±录主编《铜甸局势新发展与滨细经济合作》,云南人民出版社,200年月。",跨境就读的细籍学生,70.%.通过对徳宏5个县、市的调査发现2为华人;俸族占巧3%;景1S"一5.5%5.5%.%。上述细籍在云南境内各地分布也不颇族占;傑保族占,其他为回族和侃族占11样。中国籍的学生赴细甸读书主要是家庭贫困原因,而细籍学生到中国就读主要原因是学习中文和中国文化,然后是学习更多知识,最好是中国教育质里更好,见表二。表二巧甸籍中国巧读的測辛^频次^'^学习中文(文化1347)自己是中国人或华人'学习更多知识88建设家乡、祖国6 ̄中国教育质量好4^父母让自己读6 ̄因父母在中国经商、打工43进修4 ̄就亲战乱4’举家搬迁巧到中国出家3 ̄’将来找工作14其他6家庭所在没有学校9II:《细资料来源贺圣达、王±录主编甸局势新发展与滨细经济合作》,云南人民出版化,20峭年口M参见《中国云南边巧教育向周边呈国箱射的战略研究》课題組的调査结果。U贺圣达、王±录主编《巧甸局势新炭展与巧细经济合作》,云南人民出版也2009年12月,第撕5页。说
广西大掌颗课硕古掌化论文2014年东化巧巧中/义国标研讨会论义翻巧巧目报告月。(四)跨境民族就业随着中国经济的发展,对廉价劳动力的需求与日俱増。特别是中国最近几年,中国人的工资上一一涨,这给跨境民族提供了,迫切需要些廉价的劳动力个很好的机会,使他们来中国就业。。根据国情调研纽在瑞丽的调研,有不少细甸籍的跨境民族居民来瑞丽就业送些人大部分从事一一、方面他们在瑞丽就业没有什么语言障碍运输、仓储、建筑、贸易服务等行业。,另方面他们一在瑞丽有些亲戚或朋友关系,比较容易立住脚。、由于跨境民族拥有共同族缘语缘,跨境民族在开展文化交流时,其过程、亲缘和文缘等关系一一。方更加自然,并且容易更加包容彼此如果方所在国家的社会、经济更加发达,则与另、持久所在的国家形成文化势差一,则强势方的文化软势力很容易影响或改变对方。因此,自然和持久的跨境民族的文化交流,能够营造和谐的边境气氛,促进边境地区长期稳定和持续繁荣。根据国情狙的调研,瑞丽市政府的积极主动塑造中细边境的和谐交流气氛,为和谐边疆打下了良好的基础。但不可否认,由于跨境民族所在地区差异比巧大,各地经济发展水平参差不齐,因此不免存在各种各样的挑战。五、跨境民族与周边文化交流中的挑战云南跨境民族所在地区大都是中国老、少、边、穷地区,许多地区处于崇山峻岭之中,交通欠发达。而与云南跨境民族相邻或化邻的地区大都属于东南亚、南亚欠发达地区,许多国家正处在政一治转型时期些发展中的挑战。,各种社会矛盾集中爆发,容易给吉南与周边地区带来一涉及的送些挑战,主要是与非传统安全问题有关。方面这些问题的产生是地区发展的问题带一方面一来的另,些问题的产生与西方发达国家围堵中国的战略有关。;―口流动问题()跨境民族非法人。在古代,跨境民族大流动成为迂徙文化重要组成部分,也成为跨境民族生生不息的重要源泉,出,迁徙文化受到了某种程度的制约但人类走入现代社会现民族国家后。该种制约源于民族国家一一个社会问题的法律制度。因此跨境民族的人口非法流动,本质上来讲是个法律问题,同时也是,一具有定的普遍性,解决起来比较棘手。1、、地理历史原因一一云南拥有13类口岸7口岸、还有许许多多的边民临个国家。二类曰岸外,个二类除国家,时入出境通道(根据云南省商务厅曰岸办统计,目前边境线上有90个边民互市通道和103个边贸互市点。)小道和便道就更是不计其数口流动问题具有历,加上跨境民族地区的人史性舌南边境由于地缘、形态特殊、群众性、民族性的特点,历史W来,边境地区双方边民往来就十分密切和频繁,。新中国成立后尽管所在国家所选择的制度有别,但国境线两侧的边民国家观念和国界意识淡薄,长久W来已形成的探亲访友、通婚互市、过耕放牧、拜佛朝庙、节日聚会等传统交往从未间断过。根据调査一块界碑作为中细两国的分界一,在瑞丽的银井,村子中间仅塑有,出现了寨两国、一一一、河两国等奇特现象。方面、互井两国,跨境民族之间出入境探亲访友、通婚市来往极为频一方面繁在促进边境地区经济社会发展的同时,也造成非法出入境现象屡禁不绝:另,边境地区,,边民国界意识经济文化发展相对落后、法制观念较为淡薄,持证出入境意识不强,从客观上造成非法出入境问题突出。进入上世纪90,云、快进快出的局面年代W后南出入境呈现大进大出,出入境管理也伴随着国27
广西大掌巧课硕女単化论文2014年东化巧免中j义国巧研i寸会论文翻译巧目报告,但边民出入境真正纳入有效管理的却只是少部分家改革开放的发展、法律制度的进步而不断发展。仅2009年1月至10月云南省口岸出入境人员就达14581万人次,同比増长95%;出入境交通工具226.6万辆(艘、架、列)次,同比增长39.6%。据统计,2007年W来,云南边境地区公安机关每年签发出一入境通行证数量约20万本,对8万人次的境外边民实施有效管理。运数据,显然尚不包括境内外边民之间的跨界流动和各种类型的非法出入境人员,如果加上后两类,实际人数还要更多。2、经济因素跨境民族地区的人口流动往来最常见的就是经济往来,其中又W出入境进行互市贸易为最多,其次为季节性的帮工、雇佣、积肥和互济借贷。客观上近年,还有过耕、砍伐、引水、放牧、捕鱼来随边境沿线地区我方一侧经济发展、社会进步所形成的吸引力,造成境外边民为了解决生存和解、决温饱问题,认为只有到了中国才有吃饭才有出路、,因此在边境地区,滞留了大量非法入境非法居留一、非法就业(W下简称H非人员)的境外边民,这类H非人员主要是乞丐和些靠从事简单劳一动来维持生活的居多,。根据在实地调查中所了解到的情况,在云南各边境州市几乎都有定数量、5。的H非人员存在,尤W保山普巧、西双版纳、德宏、临沧州市境内较多3、跨国通婚一一。近年来跨境民族在传统上,相互通婚比较普遍,并成为种习俗,方面由于云南经济发展相对滞后,特别是山区有相当部分边民生活比较贫困许多青年妇女离开家乡去经济发达地区打工,,一方面许多边民在境内结婚成家比较困难,由于与云南接壤的越南、老拙、细甸互国因社会经;另、社会政治不稳定等多方原因济贫困落后,许多邻国妇女甚至男子都愿嫁入我国,致使许多边民,-与外籍人员通婚并定居境内,,细23,。据统计在徳宏边境地区甸籍妇女就达到万人她们绝大部分在中国境内安居乐业、休养生子。另外在保山市因通婚居留我国境内的邻国人员达2702人,其中653办理合法证件的仅有人,占总数的24%。非法跨境通婚势必引起黑人、黑户现象的增多,给户籍登巧、人口普查、计划生育、社会救济、一、民政救助医疗等系列的管理工作带来很大的困难,。在计划生育方面涉外婚姻多为非法同居而形成的事实婚姻-因此存在着无证生育、跨国躲生等违反计划生育政策的现象。按照中国出入境相关法律法规,应将非法居留人员予W处罚并遺送出境,但因通婚非法居留人员大部分已生儿育女并融入当地生活,,如将其强行遣送将对其家庭造成破坏,可能激发込些人员家庭及部分群众对政府,形成新的社会热点问题及公安机关的不满,甚至造成群体性事件。4、非法迁居由于云南边境跨境民族地区绝大多数是贫困山区,这些地区的边民连最基本的温饱问题都未得到解决,生活十分贫困,邻国相对优厚的条件引发了少数民族的大规模移居国外。例如,缩甸的民族地方势力巧邦在与洒甸政府达成和平协议后,制定了迁移10万人到泰麵边境励阮、岩城等地定居的南迁计划一,提供发放粮食、安置费、生产生活用具、解决住房、小孩免费入学等系列优惠政策,、吸引我国大量边民参加。据不完全统计,仅立南滿沧、西盟孟连兰县就有偏族、拉巧族、哈尼族边民共巧9户28323、人迁移到铜甸偏邦辖区定居。另外,铜甸果敢地区发生冲突后,铜甸近万跨境民族涌入中国云南边境,其中绝大多数都是非法迁居到细甸果敢的我国边民。二()跨境民族的民族认同与教育问题+3东盟10合作框架下,由于人员流动频繁,跨境交流日益增多,跨境民族的身份认同问题也。W细甸为例2011面临挑战,年,经过大选后的细甸新政府在西方的压力下,通过许多迎合西方的民主化措施。这些措施包括释放政治犯,解禁媒体审査制度,特别是解除了对包括美国之音、英国Y一一"广播公司W及视频网站ouTube等若干境外新闻网站的长期封锁。这样来,西方些挑动中细"的言论就可W自由进入细甸一一关系,使得些不明真相的民众对中国产生了些误解。这些误解或28
广西大学顆译硕女学位论义2014年东化研究中V义国际研巧会论义巧译巧目报告许通过细甸的跨境民族影响到云南境内的跨境民族。另外,在民主转型中,绝大部分铜甸少数民族参与到政治和解进程中。2010年大选中,多个少数民族政党参选并在中央及地方议会中获得议席,议会选举挣族人赛貌康为副总统,少数民族在各一级议会中获得了定的发言权,初步改变了军人政府时期各少数民族难W参政的局面。新政府希望一。W此推动国家和解,实现民族团结而细甸送些少数民族部分是处于中细边境的跨境民族,在和解的背景下,细甸,这些强化了跨境民族在细甸的国家认同和文化身份认同。同时中央政府许多优一惠政策推行,对细甸境内的跨境民族地区发展具有极大的吸引力,这对吉南跨境民族是个新的考验。一一此外。跨境高等教育的,教育也是影响个国家价值观和意识形态方面重要的手段和方式之、提供者通常处在国际教育体系的中也、次中必或边缘的中屯,往往利用自己在高等教育领域中的主、、导地位,扩大对跨境高等教育接受国的政治文化价值领域的精神渗透,从而让接受国的文化成一为附庸。,甚至消失。跨境高等教育的输出是西方发达国家文化输出的种重要方式他们凭借在跨境高等教育中处于文化优势的地位,在客观上为后发国家提供了文化范式。从某种意义上说,跨境一高等教育输出是西方国家外交途径的补充和政治的延续,目的之是不断传播和灌输西方国家的政治价值观和意识形态,实施软权利侵略的文化扩张和文化霸权主文云南的跨境民族中,布朗族、拉巧族、低族、懐傑族等贫困人口占总人口的70%^上,独龙族高达90%W上。云南沿边跨境民族地区既是贫困人口较为集中、贫困程度较深、扶贫难度较大的地区又是政治、民族、,宗教、生态等方面非常敏感的地区。由于云南沿边境跨境民族聚集区多数为贫困山区,山高坡陡,,交通闭塞许多跨境民族不通汉语,对全国各,大多数民族群众没有走出过世代生活的大山,他们对云南内地的了解是十分有限的地的认识是陌生的,。。因此跨境民族家庭对孩子的教育或影响是缺乏国家观念的他们只能从沿边境地区或到周边国家的所见所闻来影响自己的孩子,因此,跨境民族学生对国家的认同或中国文化的认同是脆弱的,外部环境往往会改变他们的看法和判断。虽然改革开放打开了内地与边境地区交往的宽度,内地移民向边境地区的转移,在某种程度上拉近了边境地区与内地的距离。但是,周边国家对跨境民族的影响也随着向外开放的深度有所加强边境地区的情况变得异常复杂。各种宗教,组织和非政府组织往往装扮成慈善者的身份来影响跨境民族及其他们的孩子摧毁跨境民族孩子,模糊的国家观念。因此边境地区的跨境民族教育是固守中国文化价值观教育或者文化安全教育的,一则成为跨境民族学生认识祖国。重要环节,培养国家意识最主要的场所在这样,学校教育个绝对贫困的边境地区,跨境民族的贫困现状直接影响了跨境民族教育发展和边疆的社会稳定。特别是在经济全球化背景下民族主文的兴起使吉南边境沿线跨境民族在文化价值观的判断上发生偏,新,离。由于跨境民族地区的基础教育与云南内地的基础教育条件的巨大落差,使跨境民族对国家的认同出现疑惑。基础教育的不公平性使他们放弃选择本国教育文化的权利,开始关注邻国教育的优惠。虽然邻国的经济发展远不及中国政策,但邻国政府对边境地区的教育政策比我方优惠,这就促,一使部分跨境民族把子女送到邻国接受基础教育。有的学龄儿童也随父母到邻国打工。,就近入学由于生活窘困。,沿远境地区跨境民族因无力支付孩子的学费或学杂费而綴学跨境民族孩子过早地离开学校。,有的跨境民族孩子被父母送到邻国寺院从事佛教学习他们对国家的爱国主义或国家意识尚未形成一,过早地受境外的宗教影响和敌对势力的利用,部分孩子开始从事跨境非法走私活动。,并逐渐发展成为跨国毒品走私活动和其他跨国犯罪活动一20世纪90年代末W来,云南省周边国家和地区相继出台实施了系列边民优惠政策,这些边民优惠政策对我方跨境民族产生了巨大影响,导致边境地区不稳定因素増加。在云南沿边境地区,90后的跨境民族学生并没有从改革开放中获得实惠,因此,在跨境民族中,对民族的认同超过了29
广西大单巧巧硕古单化论文2014年东化巧免中'义国称研i寸会论文巧课巧目化吿对国家的认同对地缘文化的认同胜过对中国文化的认同。.(H)宗教渗透问活."一宗教是意识形态的重要组成部分,也是文化因素的核也,具有教强的渗透力。它既是种重要的信仰资源,也是凝聚巨大现实力量的社会现象,。在特殊条件下宗教可W成为维护国家安全的有效载体"K,也可被用作危害国家安全的重要工具。所谓宗教渗透就是指境外敌对势力,W宗教为工具,试图干涉中国的宗教事务,发展教徒或建立宗教组织;在中国境内连反中国的法律、制度,试图颠覆社会主义的价值体系,达到西化的目的。一一,自新中国成立W来直就存在,只是在当前的条件下宗教渗透问题不是个新问题,跨境民族地区的宗教渗透有强化的趋势,需耍采取综合措施加W防范。据调研一,跨境民族的宗教交流比想象要密切和复杂。般说来,境外的跨境民族宗教意识比云南境内的跨境民族意识要强。境外的畴境民族时常通过宗教节日或宗教仪式,强化宗教的社会功能。一部分这些宗教属于跨境民族的传统宗教。比如,佛教是云南俸族和細甸样族所信奉的宗教,但最近南传上座部佛教的渗透活动比较活跃。一一。般说来,云南跨境民族地区毎个俸族村寨曾经都有所佛法寺改革开放W来,由于市场经济和外来文化的冲击,许多俸族居民忙于经济活动,对佛教事务失去了W前那种热情。许多俸族的年轻人已经不再热衷于宗教活动一,经济条件好些的家庭也不愿意送孩子去当和尚,导致寺院僧人人数少。-甚至有寺无僧因此,部分俸族村寨只好请外族人来当和尚,甚至到境外聘请细甸、老社的僧人来住持寺院教务和宗教活动。这不仅对云南南传上座部佛教的健康发展带来了极为不利的影响,一也违法了我国的宗教政策,井在定程度上影响着国家安全。云南的景颇族的宗教信仰为万物有灵的原始宗教。随着19世纪中叶,西方人入侵细甸I在景颇一些基督教传教±族或铜甸克钦族地区出现。1887年美国传教±李约纳(Lyon)来到八莫,并在八一,1892位美国传教±杰依斯化eis莫为景颇族开办学校传播基督教和传授西方文化知识。年又)来?到八莫,翌年到密支那地区开始传教并开办景颇族学校。1890年美国传教±欧汉森化Hanson)夫1893895妇来到了八莫,并开始着手景颇文的创制工作,并于年终于完成了景颇文字方案I1年得W正式推广使用。基督教的景颇文化,为基督教在景颇族地区的传播和发展提供了有利条件。特别是在八莫、密支那等地的教会学校中普及和推广使用景颇文W后,教会有了很快的发展。传教±们利用推广文字为手段,翻译和编写了大量的景颇文《圣经》、《赞美诗》和宗教读物。通过教会学校传播基督教,吸引了不少人信教。在此基础上,传教±们在八莫设立了麵甸浸礼会总会,并先后建立了密支那、罗孔、孙不拉呀、61贵开、雷哲、孟己巧等个分会。从9世纪开始到现在,基督教在细甸景颇族地一百多年的历史了区的传播和发展已经有。教会不断地壮大,教会学校也发展成为不同等级的学校,有初级、中级的教会学校和高等级的神学院。在1949年W前,欧美的神职人员遍布景颇族所在的德宏地区,他们控制着德宏的教会。1950年,中国人民解放军进驻德宏。所有欧美神职人员撤离德宏地区,但仍然通过其代理人控制着当地的教""会。中国当地政府要求景颇族教徒遵守H自革新(自传、自治、自养)办教方针,扭转了西方教会控制景颇族教会的状况。但随着细甸事实民主改革W来,许多西方的非政府组织(NG0)打着人道主义的旗号,加大了对细甸境内的克钦族的传教力度,并强化I对景颇族信教群众的渗透,这无疑对云南境内景颇族的一基督教徒造成定的冲击。16戴继诚,《宗教与国家安全》,载《中国人民公安大学学报》(社会科学版)20074。,第期,第129页30
广西大单巧课硕女单位论文2014年东化巧沉中*义国际研巧会论文巧课巧目报吿(四)边境毒品走私问題一个十分突出的问题毒品走私是云南跨境民族聚居地区。由于跨境民族运种血缘加地域的联系,使得境内的跨界民族同胞与境外的同源民族往来甚密,也为部分地区的毒品走私活动提供了天一然的便利和掩护:。根据国情调研组的调研和分析,我们注意到这样个现象即云南省的走私毒品一现象多发生在边境沿线的些跨界民族聚居区,而且増长的幅度比较快。云南边境地区的保山、德宏、临沧、思茅、西双版纳日个地(州、市)的14个县(市川比邻毒源"金"地H角,由于与越南、老掛、细甸直接接壤,没有天然屏障,成为毒品流向国内和国外的重要通道。W毒品走私严重的德宏俸族景颇族自治州为例,德宏州地处麵甸毒品基地金三角的北侧,是云一=南西部最边缘嵌入麵甸的个三角,其南部,与细、西部和西北部面都与细甸联邦接壤甸北部是一一一一。这里处处是丛林便道田两国、街两国等现,山间小路,寨两国个山水相连的整体区域、一地区成为独特的景观象在迭。这些便捷的对外通道在经济发展中发挥了巨大的作用,但在毒品泛滥的情况下,也为毒品的堵截设防带来了困难。国境内外的贩毒分子利用这些便利的地理条件,不2004断变换手段和方法,轻而易举就能将屯集境外的毒品大量走巧贩运进入我国国境,年公安部公布全国7一条毒品通道中有条就在德宏,,最近。境外毒品的渗透蔓延使德宏成为毒品的重灾区一日00几年,全国缴获的毒品,四分么都来自德宏。多公里没有天然屏障的边境线对那些零星贩毒的毒贩来说,几乎就等于没有设防。德宏成了境外毒品渗透进入我国毒品消费市场和借道进入国际毒品消费市场的最主要通道。这种客观地理条件是云南跨界民族地区毒品走私活动擔厥的主因。此外一,由于我国毒品问题发展迅速,而打击毒品犯罪所需的相关法律发展相对滞后,在定程。,毒品犯罪集团化、职业化倾向明显度上制约了打击毒品犯罪问题的力度和效果近年来,重特大毒品犯罪案件往往具有組织犯罪、跨地区作案等特点,公安机关办理毒品犯罪案件中异地侦查、异。地抓捕犯罪嫌疑人的情况相应也比较普遍,甚至跨国行动的案例也屡见不鲜但由于管辖权异议导一致些案件在司法机关间互相推语扯皮、久拖不决。由于铜甸与云南省接壤的边境线较长,两国边民跨境而居,边民通婚互市等因素,造成认定铜甸边民的国籍比较困难。四、对策与建议针对上述挑战,中央政府与地方政府应该共同面对上述挑战,多管其下,从根本上解决早已存在的问题0巧。,为塑造和谐周边打下良好的基础,为东盟1合作的顺利实现保驾护航一()加强国际合作,打击跨境犯罪、走私毒品、拐卖妇女儿童等犯罪行为跨境民族的非法流动,要解决上述问题,离不开国际合。比如10.5作媚公河惨案的破案,是中国,是国、细甸、老抱和泰国四国警方联合行动取得的成果际合作的一个成功案例。首先。,加强周边国家的情报交流跨境民族的犯罪行为,往往比较隐蔽,他们活动的范围比较广一,往往是跨国或数国,情报收集具有不确定性。如果对某些犯罪行为建立起跨国的信息情报交流机制,实现信息情报、资源共享,将会有效地打击犯罪行为。。这里主要是指刑事方面的司法协助:其次,加强国际司法合作,其主要措施有加强犯罪分子的引渡;加强洗钱犯罪证据方面的协助(如接受外国法院的委巧,协助调查、搜查、扣押和送达等);配合追偿境外犯罪收益。。再次,建立跨区域合作机制比如在GMS的框架下,建立起非传统安全的合作机制,在人员、特别是对于周边欠发达地区一,中国应该出资建立资金和管理等方面配套到位。整套的人员培训机制,把跨境合作落实到位。仁)加强扶贫力度、落实基础免费教育31
广西大単巧巧硕女単化论文2014年东化研究中<义国巧巧讨会论文巧巧巧目化吿云南与边境地区许多是跨境民族的落后地区或是交通不便地区一。比如1353公里的中越边境一线,从解放至1988年直处于战争状态,这里的各族人民从援越抗法、援越抗美到对越自卫反击作战人为保卫祖国做出重大贡献和牺牲:因为战争,许多工厂、农村、商店、机关、学校被,数代夷为平地,严重的战争后遗问题还在困扰当地干部群众,因为战争,边境地区错过了经济建设的大好时机。,至今仍处于贫困落后状况一化个13109云南边境线有贫困县,其中个是民族自治县,有个省定扶贫攻坚乡。这些地方的一自我积累和自我发展能力都很弱,特别是解放后才从原始社会末期步跨入社会主义的拉祐、傑傑、怒、独龙、低族等民族,社会发育程度很低,生产力水平不高,普遍表现为民族性贫困。根据调研组的调查,除少数国家或对口援建省份建设的希望小学或国家和省教育厅重点投资建设的特殊学校外,边境乡镇中小学校普遍存在校舍严重失修,危房较多,教学硬件条件极差,师资"。H力量不强等问题坚守在边境沿线乡镇中小学校的教师,大多学历较低,主要是通过成人教育或沟通""获得学历的教师。师范大学或省内外本科高校毕业的教师极少。过去,云南沿边境地区乡镇中小学校的师资主要是靠8个边境州市和25个边境县(市)的师范学校或民族师范学校提供师资。,近年来、、随着师范学校或民族师范学校的撤销或转型,文山学院思茅师专、临沧师专德宏师专、保山学院、红河学院等毕业的学生成为沿边境地区乡镇中小学校教师补充的主要来源。虽然边境沿一定的改观线乡镇中小学校的师资水平得到,但是,由于条件艰苦,待遇过低,信息闭塞,交通不。便,留不住人具有较高学历的教师纷纷调入县,(市)辖区的中小学或州市辖区的中小学真正留在边境沿线乡镇中小学的教师或是学历较低者,或是与当地跨境民族结婚,无能力调动者,使得身处边境沿线乡镇中小学的教师不安屯、,有的教师干脆到邻国中小学校任教,国口教育陷入困境。基于上述现状,中央政府需要强化对云南等跨境民族地区的扶贫力度。首先,修建各级公路,让少数民族地区与内地的联系畅通,有利于物流、信息流和资金流的进入。其次,加大对跨境民族地区的教育投资规模和力度。因此根本问题是把国家免费义务教育落实到实处。風优先发展文化事业一般说来,跨境民族地区既是中国文化建设的薄弱地区,更是容易受周边文化影响的地区,是维护国家文化安全的重点地区。优先发展跨境民族地区的文化事业,有助于维护边疆地区和谐与稳定。,为文化产业的发展营造良好的环境,要实施文化惠民工程。针对云南跨境民族文化基础设施薄弱的特点首先,地方政府在财力和人力上,增加对跨境民族地区文化基础设施大投入。特别是要大力支持农村和社区的公益性的文化活动,对农村地区的业余文艺队,耍给予适当的补贴,促进基层民族地区开展多种形式的文艺活动,引领健康向上的生活方式。此外,在公共的图书馆,博物馆等方面的建设,需要地方政府更多的财政的投入和关注。其次,保护跨境民族非物质文化遗产35。根据第二批国家非物质文化遗产名录,云南占了项。这巧项包括了云南跨境民族的民间文化、传统音乐、传统舞蹈、传统美术、传统技艺和民俗。送些跨境民族的非物质文化遗产,大都属于跨境民族的非物质文化遗产。如果保护得好这些非物质文化遗产,将对加强云南跨境民族对周边的文化福射力具有积极作用。,保护跨境民族非物质文化遗产需要地方政府主导,需要在政策、资金和人员等方面加W扶植和引导。再次,加强文化立法。针对公共文化服务体系建设、文化产业的发展与规划、文化遗产的保护、"""呈沟通、卫星电视教育和自学考试相沟通的学历进修形式是指高师困授,通俗地讲,参加自学考试的学员可""W带着他自学考试合格科目的成绩来读H沟通,合格的科目不需要再继续学习和考试,只要剩余的规定课程进修考试过关就可W领毕化证"",其毕业证书加盖省自考委与主办学校两章H沟通。,并要注明宇样32
'广西大学妈诛硕古单位论文2014年来巫巧究中/<^国保巧巧会论文巧译巧目化告文化市场的建设等重大巧题,由地方人大和相关法制部口进行立法调研,条件成熟的尽快形成地方性文化法规,为民族文化强省提供法律保障。,云南可W利用跨境民族的文化共源性及地理化邻性,共同申报跨国世界文化遗产此外。在中老细泰四国边境地区,可考虑共同申报W生物多样性、民族文化多样性为特征的世界自然文化遗产,"金"共建四角国际公园;在中越迪境地区,可考虑申报W红河和滨越铁路为主轴的集自然、人文景观为一,并共同进行合理保护与开发体的世界文化遗产。通过共同申报世界文化遗产,增强区域的文化认同和价值认同,为和谐周边的建设打下良好的文化基础。(四)有效传播中国文化文化安全的核必是主动强化自身的文化,同时有效传播自己的文化。在跨境民族聚集的周边地区,,增强中国文化的影响力,外宣期刊《吉要有效地传播中国传统文化。根据国情调研组的调研祥》、《苦芭》、《媚公河》分别W细甸文、老挺文和泰文出版,并发行到细甸、老挺和泰国。由、经济、文化新闻于上述期刊大都报道中国政治,没有考虑到当地民众的文化需求,因此发行和销售等方面都遇到了诸多障碍,没有达到预想的效果。一在周边地区,中国文化的宣传不定要中文,可W通过当地语言或英文进行传播,也许效果更一好。这与周边国家的具体国情相关。比如在现在的细甸,些民众对中国或中国人比较敏感,因此中文作为文化传统的媒介,可能障碍比较大。细甸的英文化程度很高。其他所有教材(小学、初高中、大学)。英文是第二官方语言。,除语文课外,教学语言是英文学中文的人不见得对中国有好感。华人占细甸人口5%,官方认为至少有10%,很多人隐藏华人身份进入细甸,使当地人感到华人的威胁。如果中国还在拼命推广推广中文,这反而会加深麵甸本民族对中国的反感。1967年,华侨华人学校在细甸搞文化大革命。,革中央政府的命,结果遭到中央政府镇压随着中国大规模投资进入。细甸人对华人华侨融入还可W接受。如果华文教育大规模,细甸对中国的恐惧和忧虑更加加剧铺开。,300,消极影响显而易见细甸不允许办孔子学院只是孔子课堂。现在细甸的华文补习班超过多家。不要过度加大对华人华侨中文教育的过度投入,应该加大对细甸人通过英文、细文媒介的中国文化的宣传。(五)加强宗教管理与宣传工作一一宗教对中国文化安全具有双重作用。方面,历史上,宗教作为群众信仰的部分,可W达到化解社会矛盾,进行社会整合的功能,享有充分的信教自。跨境民族信仰本民族宗教或者外来宗教由,也,这是中国宪法相关法规条文所规定的是保障公民自由的重要组成部分。比如在瑞丽地区,一一在寨两国公园区,兴建了些俸族的佛教寺庙,供倦族和细甸掉族的边民进行朝拜,可W凝聚跨境民族的文化认同,有利于和谐边境的稳定。一另,宗教往往被境外势力加W利用,变成破坏边境地区和谐稳定的工具,方面。在此意文上加强宗教宣传管理和宣传工作。,就现得十分必要中国边境地区的地方政府应该要加强宗教管理工作机构建设,提高管理人员的素质和工作水、平,改人员不足等情况,加大经费投入,壮大。要加大资金投入变当前宗教管理工作机构不健全管理工作队伍,提高反渗透的能力,:要通过各种途径加大党的宗教政策的宣传教育力度认真贯彻实施党的宗教政策,使广大信教群众在真正享有宗教信仰自由政策的基础上,提高识别和抵御宗教渗透的能力。33
广巧大単巧译硕古単位论文"报舍2014年东化巧免中国巧巧i才会论文巧译项目AppendixIITaretTextgOn-theChallengesandCountermeasuresofCulturalExchangesBetweenCrossborderE化nicGroupsinSoutiiwestChinaandNeighboringCountriesUnder化eASEAN10+3CulturalCoopera村onFrameworkTakiCross-borderngEthnicGroupsinYunnanProvinceasaCaseLinZhiliang,GuangxiUniversityAbac-strt:UndertheAS巨AN10+3CultunlCooperatio打Frameworkcrossborder,*movementsamoncountriesbecomemorefreue打tandcultuialexchanesandcooerationgq,gp-becomecloser.Give打thefactthattherearealotofcrossborderethnicgroupsbetweenSouthwestChinaandSoutheastAsiancountries,whichenonumerousconnectionsandjy-freuentculturalexchaneswitheachothercrossborderculturalexchanesarefacedwithqg,gvariouschallenesinfieldssuchasreliioncultureeducationandnationalsecuritetc.Asagg,,y,--matteroffactanindethstudontheculturalexchanesamoncrossborderethnicrous,pygggpcanbetterproinobtheculturalexchanesandcooerationbetweenChinaandASEANgpcountriesaswellassafeuardthe打ationalsecurit.,gyS10+3-bodwordsiltlhhllKe:AEANcrossrerethncrouscuuraexcanescaenesy;gp;g;g;countermeasures1.IntroductionSincethelaunchofA犯AN10+310A化ANnatio打slusChinaJaanand民OK(p,p)GulturalMinistersMeetingin2003,theculturalcooperationamongASEAN,(Thina,Japanand民0氏withthee打ergeticsupportandcommonendeavorof化einvolvedcountrieshasm,化enjoyedfastandsounddevelopent.After11yearsdevelopment,e10+3culturalcooerationhassaedinto化e拉Sttrackacrucialeriodoffurtherdevelomentwhenallppp,pp,theovernmentsarecommiUedtodeee打inculturalexchanesandes1:ablishinreionalgpgg,ggculturalcooeration.UndertheASEAN10+3CulturalCooerationFrameworktherearepp,challe打gesaswellasopportunitiesintheculturalexchangesbetwee打ChinaandASEANcountries.Therefbrehwhlbhllitisawortiesuect化sUidtecuturaexchanesamon,jygg-crossborderethnicrousinChinawithneihborincountries.gpgg’-bodehnThecrossrreticgroupsinChinassouthwestborderandSo山heastAsiancountriesareoriginatedbecauseoftheboundarytransitionsofChinaandSoutheastAsiancountriesandthecontinuousmiratio打anddevelomentoflocalethnicrousinthehistorgpgpy.Therefore,化eybear化ecultureidentitiesof化ecountrieswhere化eylivea打d化at3巧化eir
广西大聲颗课硕女单位论文2014年东亚研兜中/义国际研讨会论文巧课巧目报告homelandsandkeecloseconnectio打withl;hesimilarethnicrousinneiborin,pgpghgcountries.Asaresult,thebecomeabondcementinChinaandtheSoutheastAsiacountries.ygYunnanlocatedatthecrucialareaofChinasouthwestmaorthorouhfarebo过ststhe,jg,rldinSouhtAiiIdimportantlandouteeagtoteassaandSouthAsa.tborerso打threeSoutheastAsiancountriesincludingBurma,VietnamandLaos.ThelandboundarybetweenYunna打-andneihborincountriesisuto4061kmamonwhichSinoBurmaboundaris1997kmggp,,gy--SinoLaos500kmandSinoVietnam710km.Thereare117countiesandcitiesinYunnan,,iniihborinti.withwhch27borderonneggcounres-YunnAsamulti巧hnicrovincea打hasatotalof26ethnicrousamonwhich20livep,gp,gintheboundarareas.There仿rethelauiteanimortantroleinmaintaininharmony,ypyqpgy,andstabilityinYunnanaswellasinChinasneihborinreions.gggb-TherefretakinthecrossborderethnicrousinYunnanasacasethisaertriesto,ggp,ppdh-stuytechalle打esandcountermeasuresofculturalexcha打gesbetwee打crossborderethnicggrousi打southwestChinaandneihborincountriesundertheASEAN10+3CulturalpggCooperationFramework.2.AnOverviewofEthnicGroupsinYunnanTh-ca-esolledcrossborderethnicgroupreferstotheethnicouthatinhabitstwoorgrpmorecountriesfbralongtimewithdifferentoriginalethniccharacteristicsyetthesamesenseofidentitofbeinginanethnicgroup.Livin呂indifferentcountriesandbein呂afec化dbyy-diferentlocalmainrouorotherrousfbralontimeeoleofcrossborder巧hnicgpgpg,ppgroupshavee打counteredchangesinlanguage,costume,materialculture,spiritualcultureando化erasectstovariousderees.Nonethelesstherootoftheirtraditionandtheirdaillifepg,yhilhn-areertinenttoteorinaetictraditionininnumerablewasCrobohni.ssrderetcrouspgygp"’h,i打tisaerincludeethnicroussharino打ekinshinamelsomeethnicrousinppgpgp,ygpChinaa打dinneighboringcountrieshaveacommo打kinshi,withsameorsimilarlanuae,pgg化-rei.Thtittiitribtibodiinligo打andcustomseconsuo打an过过suonofecrossrerethncgroupsYunnanarelistedasfollowsaccordingto也esizeofpopulation:2.1HanPeopleWiththelarestoulationHa打ismostwideldistributedinYim打an.Accordintothegpp,ygresultofthesixthdemorahiccensus1heltiHlinYunn:ouao打ofa打eoea打reachesgp,pppp〇30.629illio打accounti打for6663)ofthetotalltiChi打Thtrim./{ouaonofa.ecounes,gppborderinonYunnan1化eVietnamLaosandBurmaareinhabitedbmanHaneole.Forg^yyppexamleKokaneoleinBurmaareoftionalit.Hannap,gppy2.2YiPeopleThepopulatio打ofYipeopleinYunna打reaches5.028million,takingup10.07%ofthe35
广苗大学颗评硕古单化论文2014年东亚巧免中/义国巧巧巧会论文巧课巧目报吿isii1〇化1olationofYan.AmonallthemnorethncrousinYYihasthelare巧:ppuunnggpunnan,gwtiioulationithinhabitantsmainldistribu;ednChuxonandHonhe化erscat巧inl;hepp.O,yggo出er5administrativeareasofYunna打,amo打gwhich16countiesandcitiesareinhabitedbyover10000Yieole.,ppY",,ieolecall也emselvesLuoLuowhilethousandsofYieolelivininVietnampp,ppg*‘’,"’’"’’andLaoscallthemselvesLoLoLuoLuoandLoLoshare化esameronunciationin(pChinese.)2.3HaniPeopleTheoulationofHanieoleinYunnanreaches163millioni.he.covern355oft:pppp,g%i91:otaloulatio打ofYunnan.ThemainlinhalritinYua打民iverareasandthedowns杜earnppyyareasofLa打tsang民iver.WidedistributionofHanipeople技11so打countieslikeYuanjiang,MoianHonheandYuanan.jg,gygBranchesofHanieoleextendtoBurmaVie化amLaosandThailand.Theoulationpp,,ppwhichreaches60ilofHaieoleinBurma000sarertha打化atoftritnpp,,o化ercounesexce,gpCh‘‘inawiththemaortdstrutednEas化mSha打StatewhereHa打ieolearecalledGaoiiibi,jypp"eople.Theoulatio打ofHa打ieolei打Viet打amisabout10000andismai打ldistributedppppp,yintheVietnamsidewherethebordersofVietnamChinaandLaosmeet.Hanieolein,ppThailandaremore化an20,000and化eyliveinChiangRaiProvi打ce.Laosisinhabitedby""!0000HanieolewhoarecalledKauoandaremainldistributedinPhongsaliLuan,ppgy,gNamthaandOudomxai.2.4DaiPeopleThereare1.222millionDaipeoplelivinginYunnanwhichaccountsfor2.66%of,]。-Yunnanstotaloulation.TheDaieoleofYunnanmainllivein化earcshaedareaofppppyphec-intiliin也trossborderregionthescmthwesoftherovnce.AndmanyveepXishuanbannaDaiAutonomousPrefectureandtheDehonDaiJinoAutonomousgggbPrefecture.Daisharescommo打kinshiswithSiamShanandLaoeolesincountrieslikep^,ppThailand,Burma,Laos.In化eancientChinesehisU)ricalKcords,tihesepeopleswerecalled",,比baointnameShan.TogetherwithZhuangpeoplea打dDongpeoleinSouChinathey,jpy'‘’,"”werecollectivelyreferredasYue.SoShan,Daiand化eancientBaiyueshare化esame。originsaswell."’,0化InBurmaShancall化emselvesasDaitakinu8.5/04.2millio打ofecountis,,gp()ytotaloulationaccordin化也estatisticsof2003.TodistinuishShaneolefromdiferentpp,ggppreionsBurmanamethemafterthecombi打ationofnome打a打dtoonmuchasDaiMaog,pys,,"h://www.stats.ov.cn/b/rkcb/dfrkcb/t20120228402804344.htm邸g4gpgp呂_http://www.stats.gov.cn/tb/rkpc/dfrkpc/l20120228402804344.htmjggbgb_20htt/www.t.ov./rc/c/t20120228402804344.hp:/stascntjgb/kpgbdfrkgbtmgp_21Yu-aninin.2010.TTie0如如加〇'!幻.inan:XnanFinArtPhotorahPrLyg()&印3:12Xiiieandess()jgjggp
广酉大单顆课硕古单化论文2014年东亚研究中*义国陈研巧会论文颗译项目报告DaiLaxu,DaiHen,etc.Duetothelonghis化ryofclosetiesandexchangeswithMianpeople,Shanisinflue打cedbytheformeri打manyasectsincludinroductionmodeandreliiousp呂pglifeandover95%ofitspeopleembraceBuddhism.Theireconomiclifemainlyfocusonaricultilea技weolehaveasideliicraftoflli.Thlligurewhneofhandsmabusnessemaszedpp113打也(:巧3:industrycanproducefarm化ols,householdobjects,ornaments,fabrics,。kitchenwaresmatsknittinbasknittinaermakinndthreadsdin.,g,gg,ppgayg""""TheTaipeopleofThailandandtheDaipeopleofYunnansharesamekinshipfromthea打cienttimes.I打thehist:orytextbooksofThairimaryandsecondarschoolsitispy,officiallyrecognizedthattheTaioriginatedfromsomeDaipeopleofsouthofChinawho-iiitlilraveledto1:heI打doChinaeninsula.Tasl;hemaneoenThaiandaccountinfbr40%ppp,gof化lati.eouonppILaosDaieolearedividedintoTailueeoleandTainaeoleinllivininn,ppppppma,ygMe打inofthenorthernLo打打a打rovinceaswellasMe打wuandMe打wudeofPho打saligxggpgggProvince.2.5ZfmangPeolepZhuangpossessesthelargestpopulationamon呂theminoritiesinChina.Theyaredis化ibiUedinGuanxiYunnanGuizhouGuandonandHuna打ofChinaandmostling,,,ggyGuanxi.Thesixth打atio打alcensusshowsthatthereare1.21millio打Zhuaneoleinggppmostofwhomlivein化edistrictof.YunnanWe打shancount,yZhua打gofGhina,TTaiof了haila打d,LaolcmgofLaos,>^0打gofVietnama打dSha打ofBurmahavemuchincommonincultureandtheybelontothesameoriins.gg2.6MiaoPeopleA’‘‘ccordingtoChinassixthnatio打widecensusThereare1.203millio打Miaoeoplein,p’uYuna打accountinfor2.62%oftherovincesolationa打d化eylivein87countiesand,gppp’’23cities.Wensha打AutonomousPrefecturepossesses也emostMiaopeoplefollowedb,yHonheAuto打omousPrefecturean过Chaotunreiongg,gVietnamcallsMiaoasHmong,andthe411’OOOHmo打gpeopleliveinthenorthofVietnaminldistributedinFentuMobianfuGaouanHuanshuiandShunzhou.Therema,,y,y,gpare200000Miaoeolelivininthe打OrthofLaosandmostofthemliveinXia打khouan,pp呂gg,Pho打sal.iSamNeuaBanHouaxaandLuanraba打Thereare!0000Miaoeoleing,,yygpg,ppBurmamostofwhomliveinthemountainousareasatbothsidesofustreamSalweenp,iilhiliespeciallinKokanreon.AndThaandas70000Maoeoleand80%ofthemveinygg,pp,,24ChienMaiChianRaiTakLoeiandPhe化hbuii.,gg,,22.HeenaLenn如仍-訊.2010.7化zffbr公w/Tw幻:3.Be:ocenceAcare.gd&iChyag()Gw沁AeW况(8)7ijingScialSisdemicPsshttp://www.stats.gov.cn/tb/rkpc/dfrkpcgb/t20120228402804344.htjggb_’24"’e-FangT-eitriiOnandFtureCrossrthnirounsnduseYunni.2007ThDsb山onrigieasofboderEcGsIideaOtidan-.p()....Siinaanifieaf内幻(1〇?1的1110Bnonatubn■Proceec/iNgsecond?ForumCTcfAeSoK/s£。。(0):.eijig:NatiliiesPlishig37
广巧大单巧译巧女学化论文2014年乂巧另f巧中A田巧研巧会论文巧译巧目报告2.7HuiPeopleInYunnantheoulationofHuieoleis698000accoxmtinthetotal,ppp,gfor1,52%ofp^^populationoftheprovince.MostHuipeopleinYunnanliveincities,towmandalongtraficlines.Thereare13countieswithover!0,000HuioulationinYunnaiiandHuippjpeoplealsoliveinautonomousprefecturesofHongheandXishuanLgbarma."Accordin化thestatisticsofwesternscholarsabout100000eolelivininThailandg,,ppg,BurmaandthenorthofLaosareoriginallyHuipeopleofYunnanProvince,about20,000ofenT'"26whomlivihailandsChiangMaiChiangRaiandLamhun.,p2.8LisuPeople虹Yunnan^化epopulationofLisupeopleis668,000accountingfor1.45%ofthetotal。populationoftheprovince.Mo巧ofthemliveintheNujiangLisuAutonomousPrefecture,buttherearealsomanyLisueolelivininotherlaceslikeLiianDiinDaliandppgpjg,qg,Baoshan.LisueolealsoliveinBurmaandThailand,Burmahas40000Lisueolelivininpp,ppgShanStateandKachinState.AndThailandhas15000Lisueolewhomostllivein,ppyChiangMaijChia打gRaiandMaeHongSon.2.9LahuPeople虹Yunnan^也epopulationofLahupeopleis475,000accountingfor1.03%ofthetotal^*oulationoftherovince.MostLahueoleliveinancancounandMenancoimtpppppLgtygliyofYunnan."Mo,,化BurmaLahuiscalledshelivinin化enorthofteTa3000ShanSta.hailndhas0,g,LahupeopleconcentratinginChangwatChiangMai.ButtheyalsoliveinChiangRai,MaeHonSo。andTak.Vietnahasueoevinrergm4,000Lahllionthebodareas化China.AndppgLaoshas2,000LahupeoplelivinginLouangNamtha.2.10WaPeolepYunnanprovincehasabout380刀00Wapeople,livinginthesouthw的tofLinjiangandSimaoareasespeciallyinXimengcountyandCangyuancounty.Theycallthemselves""""Wa(偏)orAhwa(阿侃).Burmahas80,000WapeoplemoistlylivinginShanState.Thailandhas12,000WaHouse巧ht....t:^wwwstatsovcn/tb/rkcb/dfikc/t20120228402804344htmpgjgpgp沙—化AndrewDWForbes(UK),攻nnonMms化ItsmJVo灯Aem况彷7瓜coitainedinW加orto/Thww/加1988(4)巧h.stats.v.cntt.://www//rcgb/d试n/2012胆28402804344htm巧goj昧咕q如—巧ht.bb://wwwstats.Dv.cn/tj/rkcb/dfikc/t20120228402804344.htmpggipgpg—
广西大単颗课硕古学位论文20/14年东化巧免中义国标巧讨会论文辆译巧目报吿peolescatterininlaceslikeChianMaia打dMaeHonSon.TherearealsomanWapgpggypeopleinthenorthofLaos.2.11YaoPeopleThereare190,000Yaopeoplelivi打gi打Yunna打province,mainlyi打thesouthofHongheHanniandYiAutonomousPrefectureaswellasWe打shanZhuangandMiaoAutonomousPrefecture.Theycallthemselves340,000ofYaopeoplescatterinthe打orthwe巧ofViet打am,20,000inLaos,mainlylivingontheborderareasbetweenChinaandLaosandLaosandVietnam.BurmaalsohasYaopeoplewhomainlyinhabitinGoldenT-rianletheBurmaThailandborderandShanSl:at:e.g,2.12JingpoPeopleJinoeoleinYunnanliveinDehonautonomousrefecture.MostlivegpppgpinLcmgchua打,Yingiang,民uili,Liaughea打dAVandi打g.了heycallthemselvesJingpoorZaiwa.jAccordintostatisticsin2000thenumberofJinoeoleamountedto130000.Theg,gppp,",,beautifiilmountainousareaofJingpo,1:heLandofPeacocks,isrichi打mineral,animalandlant.pJinoeolealsoliveinBurmaa打dI打dia.I打BurmaJino巧hnicrouiscalledgppp,gpgp""ith560000eole.Mostofthemlivein也eofKachinS:t.Kachinwnorthtal:eandShanstae,ppAsmallnumberof化emliveontheborderbetweenChinaandIndia.InIndiaJinoethnic,gpgroupiscalledXinfii.2.13BlangPeopleTheoulationofBlanethnicrouinYunna打ofChinais100000livininmanppggp,,gydifferentplacesinYunnanwithdifferentnames.BlangpeoplelivinginShidian,Baoshan,Gha打打i打a打dYoodecallthemselvesPure打Pumanriuaumana打dMa打resectivel.ggg,,ppyBlaneolelivinin^henkancounta打dJindoncountcallthemselvesWuBlangppggy呂gy.geolelivininMoianShuanianandYimcountcallthemselvesAhwaandY.iwappgjg,gjgyBla打geolelivinbesidesLanca打民ivercallthemselvesWeno打a打dthoselivininppggggggXishuanbannacallthemselvesPohlanandBobalan.ggBlaneoleliveinChinaBurmaandLaosWli.aeoeandLaeole打Burmaandgpp,ppppBldlhehniilangpeopehavethesameancestoranbeongtotsameetcgroup.Accordn呂to化-statisticsthereare30000BurmaLaeolelivininKentuno打eChinaBurmaborder.,,ppggg2.14AcitangPeopleAmong26ethnicgroupsinYunnan,thepopulationofAchangismorethan30,000,wholiveinLongchua打countyandLianhecountinDehonautonomousPrefectureinYunnan.gyg
广西乂単巧译巧古单往论文20?14年来化巧义中A田巧巧咐含论义奋译巧目报舍TheancestorsofAchaneoleliveinJinshaRiverNuRiverandLantsanRrbiiveasnsgpp,glongtimeao.Afterwards,someofAchaneoleimmigrated化thewestbankofNu民iverggpp化,andmovedsouthwards.Aboutinthe13ce凸tury,theymoved化U)daysos化ion.pInBurmaAchaneolearecalledDamaiwithoulationofover40000.Mostof>gpppp,themliveinMyitkyinaandBhamoinKachinStateandNamhkam,KengtunginShanState.2.15NuPeopleThereare30000NueoleinYunnanmainllivininSiancountuoncount,ppygygy,FggyandGonshancounty.TheycallthemselvesNu.Thereare10典00NueoleinBurmalivingppg-onChinaIndiaborder.’2.16aneoleDegpP^mThereare17,000DeangpeoplinYunnan,ostofwhomliveonthesouthwesternborderofChina.70%ofthemliveincountiesinDehongAutonomousPrefecture.Thecally*umthemselvesDeangorLai."i"InBurmaDeanscaedBe打onw泣oulaonof240000.ostotiveilllithtiMfheml,gggpp,inKachinStateandShanState.2?巧DrunPeolegpThereare6000DrungpeopleinYunnanlivinginGongshanCounty,Theycall(,"",themselvesT)rungorQiu.Thereare1200DrungeoleinBurmalivinintheustreamppgpareaofNmaiHka.2A8KhmusPeopleThereare3,000KhmuspeopleinYxmnan,whoaredistributedinKhmusandJinghongcountiesofXishuanbannaautonomousPrefecture.Thereareabout500Khimxwelg,00Gsidy-distributedinIndoChinaPeninsula.Thereare320000KhmuseolelivininnorthwesternmountainousareaofLaos,ppg,100000innorthernmoxmtainousareaofThailandand20000inLaizhouScxnLaThanh,,,,Y'HoaandianofVietnam.2.19LaChieoleppLaChieoleareclass巧edwithintheBoueiethnicrou.Thereare2000LaChippygp,peoplelivinginMaguanCountyofYunnan.LaChipeopleinVietnamaremainlydistributed’ntheXinmeriHuanshuiandBeiuanCountieswhichareclosed化Chinasorderigjgpggb.40
广西大単掘译硕古学攻论义2014年东化研双中/义国欣研巧会论文翻译巧目报告tfof-bordti3.EconomicandculuralexchangeormcrosserehncrousinYunnangpfthec-bodethnicusMostorossrregropinYunnanareadacenttotheneihborinjggcountries,withalonghistoricallyculturaltradition.Theculturalexchangesstrengtheneach化,0ersculturalandnations化ide打titandhavebecomeanimortantartofculturalyy,pppracticesinbuildingharmoniousneighborrelations."-In化rmsoflanguagethecrossborder巧hnicrousinYunna打aredividedinto,gp---i-T化etoBurmanZhuanDonrouMonKhmrandMaoYaro.Thefthree,eoguormer,gggppethnicgroupsareallindi呂enouspeopleswithseveralthousandyearsofhistorywhilethelastiitlateIntherocessofdifferentiati-roummraedrioncombinatonreifferetiatio打asg.p,dngp,wellasrecombinationthethreemaorrousabsorbedassimilatedandinteratedeach,jgp,g’,,29othersculturea打dinextricablinterwovewitheacho1:her.Thefbrmatio打and,ydevelopmentofcross-bordernationalitiesconstitutestheconvergenceregionof-ifillilfmultitionalitanddiversedcutureananaturaou打dationforculturalexchanenay,yggamongthem.TheASEAN10+3CulturalCooperationFrameworkvigorouslypromotes-ultualexchane.TheformsofsocialandculturalexchanesofcrcrossbordernationalitiesinggYimnsn3re过sfollows:,化3.1BorderersadefairDuetogeographical,historicalandsomeotherreasons,oneoftheimportantcarriersof’-bodehan-化cro化rrexcesisthebordererstrade位ir.Thesocalledbordererrefersg-ith-lcrossborder巧hncsandesocaledde拉ithtwoidbditrarreferstoeseorderersongbusinessatlacesdesinatedbtheothersidecountrreularl.Generallseakinthepgyygyypg,Chinesegovernmentimplementsthepolicythatreducesandexemptscommoditytax,buthetitifotheamountofmone.Iiilthet过l:rearesomeresrconsrnrnce;raeoodsareypp,gproducedandsold,urchasedandusedbthemselves.pyI打2008ChineseMinistrofFina打cea打dGeneralAdministrationofCustomsointl,yjyissuedNoticeo打出e民elevantFiscalandTaxPoliciestoPromol;etheDevelopmentofB’orderersTradeFair(No.902008of化eMinistrofFinance,andlaunchedaseriesof[]y)^mentaxationandinvestmentreferentialmeasurestopromotetiadedeveloptinborderareas.pTheNoticerequiresthatifthepriceofdailynecessitiestrade过inbordermarketislessthanRMB8,000yuanpercapitaperday,化ese呂oodsshouldbeexemptedfromimporttarifandimportlinkage化义AsChinahasinte打si巧editsefortsinopeningup,particularlytheeconomicradiationeffectsonthesurroundiareasarebecominincreasinlaarentthealeofconomicngggypp,sceh,exca打gehasgrow打larger,whichhasbecomeanimporta打tpartofbordererstrade拉ir.’Du-etothefrequentbordererstrade拉ir,crossborderethnicgroupscanthusenhancemutualexchangesandsolidify化eirfriendship,whichsetsamaterialbasisforcultural巧。"uH(uur-Ge.200.vrHaItianrsthrou.&TanJingli功eseistoriclCltesandde打ficationofYunnCosborderEnicGs(引p.-Jow72ann口njVa打口月口化esU,!/Ver7PsoandocacnceEdition1:6/挽/5hUoSilSies0冰(y(phy)()41
广西大単颗译硕女単位论文2014年东亚巧巧中j义国巧研讨会论文颗译巧目报吿exchange.AccordingtothesurveyconductedbyQiina打ationalCO打ditio打Sresearchgroup,i打2011,theimporta打dexportvolumeat民uiliportreached10.7billionyuaiija打increaseof37.9%ear-o打earcaroesimortedandexortedamountedto135milliti.ononsanncreaseofyy;gpp,2--1.2%earonearthenumberofinternationaltravelersreachedmorethan10millionyy;,--ersonsa打i打creaseof19.52%earoneart:owhichbordererstrade拉itmadereatp,yy,gcontribution.Th,etradingmarketofRuilibordererstradefkircoversanareaof106muandanbuildingareaof16300suaremeterswitha打investme打tofoverRMB30millio打ua打.Now,qy,民u,ilitakesbordererstrade技irasanimportantborderculturalactivityand仿cusesonpromotingharmonyinsurroundingareas.3-.2Crossborderthnictileesvasf-Crossborderethnicroushaveavarietoftraditionalfestivalswhichareimortantgpy,p"-latformsfbrcrossborderethnicculturalexchaneactiitieslfrpgv.Becauseeoeomthesameppethnicgroupliveacrosstheborder,theykeepveryclosecontactwitheachother,insomecasesthroughmarriageandfamilyrelationship.Therefore,ifonesidehasactivitiessuchascelebrationsorfestivalsweddinsorfuneralstheothersidewillattendesecialldurin,g,,pyg-theholidayseaso打.Theseactivitiesprovidegoodtradingopportunitiesfbrcrossborderethnicgroups.Evenforfestivalsthatareuniquetocertainethnicgroup,theotherethnic化,’30groupswillatten过ecelebrationtoo.''-MunInYunnanProvincefestivalssuchasDaisWaterSnklinFestivalJinosao,prig,gpD'ancinCamivalafestivalwherealareamountofeoledancintoether)Miaosg(gppgg,F-lDiFtalfetiveolltithlowerpoeancngesiv(asedaywhe打ppedancenearapoedecoraedwflowerstoworshitheirancestorsandwhenyoungladspacourttotheirbelovedonespy),D'alisLunarMarchFestivalarandalaofBaieoplefortradininannuallunarMarch)are(ggpg-greatopportunitiestoattractcrossborderethnicgroupstoparticipatespontaneously.Duringtheholidays,ethnicgroupsseemt;obecomeabig拉mily.Everyoneisdressedinfestivecostumeandoinsinthecelebration,whichbringsculturalidentittoaclimax.Inthecontextjyofreionalinterationculturalfestivalsandtradeshowsareofte打combinedtoethertogg,gmakeculturalexchanesmoreaeallgppingandendurabe.-The2012ChinaDehonRuiliWaterSnklinFestivalandtheFirstMahoangpriggyCulturalFestival,focusingontheirUegrationofe也niccultureandspecialtyindustry,romo化dbenininteractionsbetween传stivalbrandandurbanbrandaswellasindustrialpgareabranda打denha打cedthecitimaeandtheinternationalafinitf民uiliygyo.FurtherdevelopmentoftheASEAN10+3CulturalCooperationwillreatlincreasetheculturalgy.identitofethnicroupsyg3-.3Crossborderethnicexchangesoelementaryeducationf30""Lu--Zh.1.ntherossborderEthnicGrouandtheenuPolkofYunnan.扔/c筑w油的ii992OCsoAn()pppy口)
广西大単翻译硕古学tit论文2014年东亚巧免中'义国际研巧会论文辆译巧目报告-bodethCrossrrenicexchangesofelementaryeducationareimportantcomponentsof-tltesmatcrossborderculuraexchaneswhichrela!;〇thefbrionofvaluesa打dcultivatio打ofg,thenexte打eration.Ithasaverimortantracticalsinificanceforthefixtureharmonandgyppgystabilityoftheborderareas.Before2000,ChinesestudentsinYunnanwentabroadfbrstudying.Forexample,i打l:he巨urmeseborder,thelocalgovernmentissuedaseriesofpreferentialeducationpolicytoattractthepoorchildreninYunnantogotoschoolinBurma.InDehongborderarea,somepoormigrantchildrenstudiedintheChineseschoolinBurma.Theseschoolsarelargelytreisuoredblativemstitut:esofthewesterncou打triesandTawanChina.Therovideppy,ypfreebooks,stationery,clothing,qu化sandsubsistenceallowanceforstudentstoatractthem化studyt;here.I打2000thistre打dhasbeenchaned,forexamleinYiniancountYunnanthere,,gpgjgy,,are36ChinesestudentswhostudiedinBurma,butin2007,thefiguredroppedto12.Since2000Burmesestude打tsbeantofloodintoYu打打a订borderareastostudin,呂yChina.In2007,thesituatio打ofBurmesestude打tsinChinaforstudyingisasfollows:353stentsinLuxicit79inWandineconomicdevelomentzone210inRuilicit232inudy,gp,y,Yini.diniitiliian66nLxmchuanAccortothenvestaonandanassBurmesestudentsgg,gggy,jaed31:06accountfor4.57333t1..!;〇121:o1547?^17to1916.120化2543g%%;%%;;Fromtheersectiveofeducationaerimarschoolsaccountfor74.3iddleschoolsppg,py%,m1*〇〇3〇14.5/〇hihhool.%ll..>kindeiartens6.4/scs32andcoees17X>,g,ggFrom2000to2007,thesituationshowedgrowthasawhole.TakeLuxicityforexample,in2000thenumberofstudentsalontheBurmeseborderadmiUedinChinais166in2004,g;,190in2007353whichmea打sthatthenumberhasincreasedb187durinthelasteiht;,,yggyears.Table1EducationalSituationofBurmesestudentsatLuxicityNumberEnrollment ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄20002001i〇0220032004200520062007^I^IIIIIISchoolrollxPrimary154177229^^School" ̄MiddleSchool1010To16132337^一64l6710TotalNumber166174192521353||||||32'..Source:MeShenda&Wa打Shilu2009.TVewDevc/owewf巧wrweye&/W幻00/7幻f&eEconow/cgg()pq/i〇)06厂幻//〇?户?/771幻巧幻《^/巧^厂说幻12:305.Yunnan:YunnanPeolesPublishinHouse.戶()pg?31"onutse化扣-Csiseroun7%《r口Ze巧e五ea/rl化eKSuUs^leadbyeearchgpo况各/cA0。说口"0口bon/er口。〇"主InfluenceonThreeAdacentNations.j43
广西大単翻巧硕古单化论文2014年东亚研免中/义国巧研讨会论文巧译巧目报吿"Thesurveymadei打5countiesorcitiesinDehongshowsthatBurmesestude打tsarefromdifferentethnicgroupasfbllows:Chinesestudentsaccountfbr70.2%Daistudents,15.3%,Jingpostudents5.5%,Lisustudents5.5%,HuiandWastudentsTheyaredis化ibuteddifferentlyinYunnan.ThemainreasonfbrChinesestudentstootoBurmaisfinancialdifficult.Howevergy,Burmesestudentso化ChinainordertoleamChineseanditscultureandotherknowlede.g,gTheeducationalualitofinaisbetterthanthatofSeetalChBurma.be2qyTable2ReasonsforBurmesestudentsinChinaReaso打sFreuencRe过sonsFreuencqyqyLearningChineseChineseculture1347()Learningmoreknowledge?〇Buildinghomeand<oS,,,6mo化erla打dF’orChinasoodeducation49Parents、decision6gParentsworkanddobusinessin"Foradvanced,434ChinaeducationMarriagesWars4^Bi.Vnecomngamonk.、,iMovinhouse19..3g?ornuninChinaFindingaobinthefii化re14Others6jNoschool打earhome9Source:HeShengda&WangShilu2009)./Vew&7^幻打0?ani('〇'r12305.YPlblihin.)06厂口//0巧EeAveewwwww口巧(^及《1771口:unnan:YunnaneoesPusHouse户()pg34-.Crossbordereth打icemployment’WithChinaseconomicdevelomentthereisarowindemandfbrlaboreseciallinp,,ggpy*recentearswithChineseeoleswaesoinuwhichrovidesaoodoortunitfory,,ppgggppgppy-crossborderethniceoletoworkinChina.ppAccordingtothesurveyconductedbChinanationalconditionsresearchrouinRuili,ygp-therearemancrossborderBurmeseresidentsworki.yinin民uilMostof化eseeolearegppe打gagedintransportation,warehousi打g,construction,trade,serviceandotherindustries.O打化eoneha打d化ehavenolanuaebarrierwhe打emloedinRuiliOn也eotherhand化eyggpy;,yhavesomerelat巧orfriendsRiliarehthemtofd.ivinuwhoelpftilfor:inaobjAt-tecomshecrossborderehnicrousarmoninclanlinuistickinshiandculturalgp,g,pafiliatio打s,theprocessoftheirculturalexchangesismorenaturalanddurable,andmoretoleratinandembracintoeachotherIfhadligg.onecountrysamoreeveopedsocetyand^ane^eShengdaSh.xelomentoBtuaonandthetn>H&Wilu2009NewDurmeseSitiiceraioBetweeng()pfEconomCoop'}^//?/7幻巧305.Yunnan:YunnanPeolesPublishinHouse.pg44
广西大单颗译硕古単位论文2014年东化巧免中'义国际研讨会论文巧巧巧目报吿economresultininasharculturaldiferencebetwee打thetwocountriesitwillbeitey,gp,qu1化ely化at化estrongerculturalsoftpowerwillafectandchange化eculturesof化eo1:hercountry.Tha--erefbrenturalandlonlastinculturalexchanesofcrossborderethnicrouswill,ggggpcreateaharmo打iousatmoshereromo化lon-termstabilitandsustanroseritinborderp,pgyippy,aireas.Accordintothesurve民uiliovemmentsactveefortstoromotetheharmoniosgy,gpu-exchaneatmoshereof化eSinoBurmeseborderlaidaoodfoundationfor江harmoniousgpgfrontier.variouschallenesareinevitableduetorelativelshardifere打cesUndeniabliny,gyp-crossborderethnicareasand化euneve打economicdevelomentofall化ereions.pg4-tt.ChallengesincrossborderehnicculuresexchangesThecross-bor过eTeithnicroustraditonallresideintheremol;eareasinYunnanevengpy,ntheihmountainsandlofthillswithoortransortation.Whilemosttheadacentorihgy,ppjadoininareasofYunnan3巧1:heunderdeveloedreionsinSoutheastAsiaandSouthAsiagpg,jmanwhiltiriiycountriesoficharenao化icaranstio打eoda打dvaroussocialcontradictionsppareconcentratedrobablbri打insomechallenestoYunnana打ditsadacentareasin,py呂ggjtheirdevelopment.il-Thesechallenesaremanrelatedtonontraditionalsecuritissueshgyy.Ontheoneandtheseproblemsarecausedbytheproblemsinregionaldevelopmentprocess;O打theotherh^and,someproblemsarerelatedtowesterndevelopedcountriesstrategyofcontainingChina.4.1BorderillegalmigrationI-nancienttimesthereatflowofcrossborderrousareanimortantartof,ggppp,-mirationcultureandanimortantsourceofcrossborderethnicgrouslifeandrowth.Butgppgsincehumans化ppedintomodemsocietya打dcountriesweredeveloedmiratio打culturep,ghasbee打restricted1:0acertaindegree.Theserestrictionss化mfromlegalsystemsofethnictriesllhi-coun.Thereforessentiaseaki打tellealoulatio打flowsofossboderethnic,eypg,gppcrrgroupsarenoto打lyalawissuebutalsoauniversalsocialroblemthatisnoteastodealpywith.4.1.1GeographicalandhistoricalreasonsYunnanhas13nationalfirstclassportsand7secondclassports.Despiteitsports,there-Accordareanumberof化mporaryborderentryexitchannels(ingtoYunnanCommerceDrtm’,eaentsPortOficessatisfiesatrese打tintheborderareathereexist90bordertradep,p,,channelsand103bordertradefairsandcountlesstrailsandshortcuts.)’uDuetoYunnansuniueeorahand仿rmatio打andthehistoricalolarandqggpy,pp
广西大学翻课硕古单泣论文2014年东亚巧免中*义国际研讨会论文巧巧巧目报吿-nationalfeaturesofoulationflowsincrossboundarreionseoleofbothsidesinthe,ppygppborderareas,inhistory,havekeptcloseandfrequentcontactswitheachother.Although,Chinaand1:hecountrieso打theothersideoftheborderhaveadop化d出ferentinstitutions,botheoplesintheborderareaareweakinnationalconceptsandnationalboundarypconscousnessTreloneenCO打tnuousaaditonalcommunicationssucsvisitini.hehavegbii,hagrelativesandfriends,ge行ingmarriedwithdiferentethnicgroupsa打dpromotingbordertrade,’lowinandraznesowncountrworshiinBuddhistsvisitintemlesandggi呂beyondonyp,pg,gpcelebratingfestivalsandgatherings.Surveysshows化at也ereis0打lyaboundarymonume打tmarking化edividinglineofChinaandViet打aminthemiddleofYinjingvillage,RuiliCounty,triggeringsomeuniquephenomenon,forinstance,avillagelivingChineseandVietnamese,andawellandariverhad-srebtwocountries.Ontheonehandcrossborderethnicrouskeeclosecontactwithy,gppeach0化er,fbrexample,crossing也ebordertovisitrelativesandfriends,gettingmarriedwithdifferentethnicrousandromotinbordertrade.Whiletheeconomicandsocialgppgdevelopmentofborderareasgetpromoted,illegalborderentryandexitseemimpossibletoeradicate.On化eotherhand化eeco打omicandsocialdevelomentof化eborderareaare,prelativelybackward,eoletherehaveweaknationalboundarconsciousnessandaware打essppyof.lawTheseldomrealizeentra打dexitoftheothercountr打eeddocumentsthuscausinyy,ygaconspicuousillegalentryandexitroblemobectivel.pjy’Since1990smassiveand拉Stentrandexithavebeenwitnesse过inYunnansborder.,y,men-WiththedevelotofChinasrefbrma打doeninuandtheadvancesoflealstemppgpgsy,andthema打aementofborderentrandexitisdeveloinraduallaswelletonlafewgypggy,yy’partsofborderpeoplesenteringandexitingtheborderarereallytakenintovalidmanaement.FromJanuartoOctoberin2009thenumberofeolewhoenteredorexitedgy,ppYunna打Portreached145.81millio打,andvehiclesgetingthroughaccumulatedto2.266millionwithanincreaseof95ercentand39.6ercentresectivelearonear.Yet,pppyyy'statisticsshowsthatsince2007ublicsecuritbureausofYunnanovincesborderareas,pyprt2000bottseeattissued0打labou00rdere打trorexiermiverrimlemeninefecivey,ypyy,pg’manaementto80000eolewholivednearChinasborderarea.Butthedataisaarentlg,ppppy-notincludingcrossborderpopulationflowsbetwee打peoplesofbothsidesandvariouskindsofborderentryorexitwithoutpermit.Iftheabovetwokindsofpeopleareinvolved,theactualnumberwillincrease.4.1.2.EconomicreasonsThemos-flAmotcommo打fbrmofcrossborckrpopulationowsiseco打omiccontacts.ng’thesecontactsenteri打andexitineachothersorts化dealwithbordertradearethemost,ggpfreque打t0打e,whileseasonalfarmworki打gandemployme打t,plowing,choppi打gdow打trees,carryingoutwaterdiversion,grazing,fishing,collectingmanureandtakingoutloansinl:he’nearcountriesrank化esecond.ObectivelinrecentearsattractedbChinaseconomicjy,y,ydevelopmenta打dsocialprogressalong比eborderareas,foreig打borderinhabitantsflewinto
1"广西大学顆巧硕女学化论义204年东巫巧免中/义国陈研巧会论义翻i丰巧目报舍Chinafbrsurvivalwhichresultedinlotsofillealimmirationillealresidenceilleal,gg,g,g--femlomenthereinafterreferred1:oasthreeillealstaf.Suchthreeilleals1:arimarilpy(g)gpy-liveo凸beinorsimlework.Accordintothesurve乂threeillealstaffscat化rinnearlgggpggy'allthebordercitiesofYunnaneseciallinBaoshanDehonLincanuerCit,,,,,pyggPyXishuangbanna.4、L3TransnationalmarriagesTraditionalintermarriageiscommo打incross-borderethnicgroupandhasbecomea,,custom.Inrece打tyears0打theonehandduetoYun打anseconomicdevelomentislain,,pgggbehindeseciallinthemountainousareaaconsiderableartofeolelivinaoorlife,py,p,ppgpandoungwomenleavehometoworkindeveloedareasandmanrderidentsmany,boresypyintheterritoryaremoredificult!;〇getmarriedOntheotherhandwiththebackward;,iiieco打omica打dsociala打doltcalinstabilitofVetnamLaosBurmawhe打eihbori打py,,reggYim打a打man打eihborcountrieswomenevenme打arewillintomarrChineseresumin,yg,gy,gnaarnitranstionlmariaesandsettlementsinchina.Accordintostatisticsinmanygg,-DehonborderareasBurmesewomenreachto23millionandthevastmaoritofthemg,,jyiitihHd.Iitihenumbeflveandworkneaceandrecueraeandrasecrennaddontropp,neihborinersonnelinBaoshanCitisuto2702ofwhich0打l653areoflealggpyp,ygdocuments,accountinfor24%of化etotal-g-illegalcrossborderintermarriageisboundtocausetheincreaseofunregisl:eredindividualsandunregisteredhouseholdswhichbringsreatdificulties1:0administrationonghouseholdregistration,census,familyplanning,socialrelief,civilrescue,medicaltreatmentandthelike.In拉milyplanning,fbreig打marriagearemostlycharacterizedbyillegalcohabitatio打andde拉ctomarriage,whichresultinviolationsoffamillanninolicsuchypgpy-asnopermitfertilityortransnationalbirth.I打accordancewithChineseimmirationrelevantgndlawsandregulationsilleallersonnelshouldbeimishedadeortedbutmostofthem,gyppp,havealreadyintegratedintolocallifethroughillegallyIra打snationalmarriageandparenthood.Iftheyareforce过toremove,their拉milywillbedamaed,itmafanudissatisfactionfromgyp化efamiliesandtheublicto化eovernmentandtheublicsecuritoransandeve打causepgpyg,newsocialrob.massincidentsandlemsp4.1,4Illegalmovement-Siiii打cethevastmaortofYimna打crossborderethncareasareoormountanousareasjyp,borderresidentsin化eseareaseve打cannotresolvethemostbasicfoodanddo化inroblem.gpAsaresulttherelativelfavorableCO打ditionsofneihborincountriestrieramassiveyggggemirationofethnicminoritieslfthnillfbWaState.ForexameaerBurmese巧cocarceofgp,reachedapeacefulagreementwithBurmesegovernment,theformerformulatedaplanto-mirate100000eole化settleinMe打nue打andYanchenalo打ThaiBurmabordering,ppggyggthesouthwithaseriesofpreferentialpoliciessuchasofferingfood,allocationfeeand
广巧大単顆课硕古學拉论文20U年东化巧免中国标巧巧会论文辆课巧目报告productio打andlivingappliances,providinghousing,andfreeeducationforchildren,whichalsoattractedalotofChinesepeopleintheborderarea.Accordingtomcomplekstatistics,2832eoleof799householdsoftheWaLahuandHanieoleinLancanXimenpp,ppg,g,Me打lia打Gou打tiesinYunna打movedtoWia客tateinDurma.I打additio打aftertheCO打flicting,30000-KokanBurmaabouteoleofcrossborderousswarmedintoYunnanChinag,,,ppgrp,,andmostof化emareChineseeolewhoilleallmovedt:oKokan.ppgygi-4tionborderhnic.2Nationalidenttyandeducaocross巧rousfgpUndertheASEAN10+3CulturalCooerationFrameworkraduallincreasedtravelsp,gy-ehanrn-andcrossbordrexcesbilleestolnationaldt化bodeticgngchag:heienyofcrossrrehnrous.Forinstancein2011,influencedbthewesterncountriesthenewBurmagp,y,ovemmenttookmandemocratizedmeasuresincludinreleasinliticalrisoners,呂y,ggpoplishi打mediacensorshieseciallfreeinlo打-termblockadetosomreaboi打newsgp,pyggefogwebsitessuchasVOA,BBCandYouTube.Therefore,somespeechesparticularlyon‘‘’’-lSinoBurmaatio打sca打freelsreadinBurmacausindifere打tvoiceaboutChreinayp,gs,-whichinflue打ce过crossborderethnicrousinYunnanthrouh化oseinBurma.,gpg’mWhatsmore,intheprocessofdemocratictransformation,anyBurmeseminoritiesarticiatedintheoliticalreconciliatio打rocess.I打the2010eneralelectionmanppp,pgyforeoliticalartiesofethnicgroupsstoodlectio打a打dwonseatsince打trala打dlocalpparhanii-diliamentsandSeoleSaMaokanwaselec化dvceresient.Minoriteshadrihtsp,ppgpg’toseakichrimarilchanedthesituationthatminoritiescouldtarticiateinoliip,whpy呂npppitcsduriner.heg化eiodofArmGovemme打tT打ewovernmenthoestoherebromoteeacepygpypp-andrealize打atli.Wihahinoritiinbodiionaunttartoftesemesbecrossrerethncrousypggp,-allthoseintensifiednationalide打tityandculturalidentitofcrossborder巧hnicrous.ygpMeanwhile,化eBurmesecentralgovernmentimplementedma打y拉vorablepolicies,whichreall-bodehniinBudllfgtyappeatocrossrretcareasrmaanposeanewchaengeor-crossborderethnicrousinYunan.gpMoreover,educatio打isoneoftheimportantmeansandwaystoinflue打ceacountry、-valuesandideoloies.Therovidersofthecrossborderhihereducationusuallatthegpg,yt-tcenerorsubceneroftheinternationaleducationsstemoratthecenterofthesstemrimyy,alwaystakeadvantagesoftheirdominanceinthehihereducationfieldtoexanditsgp-ideoloicali打filtratio打inthepoliticalculturala打dvaluefieldsofthecrossborderhiherg,geducationrecipientcountries,whoseculturewillbecomeadependencya打devenvanishat-last.Theexportofthecrossborderhighereducationisasignificantwaytoexorttheculturepofwesterndeveloedcountrieswhichinfactoffersaculturalatternfornewldeveloedp,pypcountriesbutilizheidtlliiIltfintromina灯cuturaosto打.打asenseasasueme打orwesternyg,ppp>’countriesdilomaticaroachesandanexansionofthesecountriesoliticstheexortofppppp,ph-bodtecrossrerhighereducationaimstounremittinglyromulateandimlanttheoliticalpgppvaluesandideoloiesofthewesternnationsandtoracticeculturalexansionandgpphe呂emonisminthesoftoweraression.pgg
广巧大単翻巧硕古典tt论文20V义国际巧讨会论文巧译巧目报告14年东亚研巧中-Amonthecrossborder巧hnicrouseoleinstraite打edconditionsaccountforoverggp,pp70%of;llihthihalhuithetotaouato打ofteencroussucsBanLaWaa打dLisu.Therato,,ppgpgfo-boundaisashighas90%rDrun.Yunnancrossrreionsareinhabitedbrelativelgygyyconcentratedimoverishedoulationsotheeolethereareoorerandtheovertreliefppp,ppppyworkismoredificulttocarrout.I打additio打thesereio打saresensitiveinoliticsy,gp,nationalitiesreliionsandecolo.,ggy-bodiit-itiYunnancrossrermnorynensvecommunitiesarelocatedinoorandbackwardpmountainousareaswherethehighmountainsandthesl;eepslopesattributetothe-inconvenienttra打sportatio打conditions.Manycrossborderethniceolehave打0knowledeppgoftheChinesela打guage,norhavertieywalkedoutofthemountainousreionsthatthehavegydwelledinforgenerations.TheirknowledgeaboutYunna打andotherpartsofChinaissolimitedthattheycouldonleducatetheirchildrenbwhatthehaveheardandseenintheyyy-borderareasa打d化eneighboringcountries.Asaresultthecrossborderethnicstudentshave,littleidentityofChinaorChinesecultureandtheirthouhtsandudmentscanbeeasilgjgymfluencedbytheexternalenvironment.Althoughthepolicyofre仿rmandope打inguphasdeepenedtheexchangesbetwee打Chinesemainla打dandborderareas,tosomeextent,,mainlandpeoplesmigration1:0theborderareashasnarrowedthespacebetweenthem.Hsthe-oweverai打fluenceonthecrossborderethnicroushasbeenstrenthenedblhe:,gpgy打eihboringcountriesthesituatio打oftheborderareashasbecomeeve打moreintricate.g,Viel-arousrigiousgrousandnongovernmentorganizationsdisguisethemselvesasph-pilanthropiststoinfluencethecrossborderethnicpeoplea打dtheirofspringbydistorting’-theconce.foreiiruestatetsTherethecrossborderethncrouseducatio打isanvagp,gp,itartfotheedcationof.morta打ruChineseculturalvaluesandsecuritWhatsmoreschoolppy,tiuihec-bodieducaionhasbecomethemanwaytoeqptrossrerethncstudentswiththeknowledgeof化eirmo化erlanda打dtocultivate化eirnationalCO打sciousness.Insuchborderblulh-iilareaswhichareasoteoorteovertofcrossborderethncrousdrectaffectsyp,pygpytdlbli.illiheireducationansociastaityEspecayunder1:hebackgroundofeconomcilidhdilglobalization,theriseofnewnatonasmleastoteevationofculturavaluesofYunnan--crossborderethnicgroups.Crossborderethnic呂roupshavesomedoubtsabo山nationalititforthereisawideainetibtbidenylementareducaoneweenorderareasandnnerareasgpy-inYunna打.Crossborderethnicgroupsgiveup也eright化chooseChineseeducationandculturebecauseofu打拉ireducatio打andstarttoaatentiontothereferentialolicofpyppyeducatio打inneihborincountries.Althouhtheeconomof打eihborincountrisnotgggyggydeveloedcomaredwiththatofChinatheeducatio打olicof打eihborincou打trfbrpp,pyggy-borderareasismorefavorablethan化atofChi打awhichleadstosomecrossborderethnic,groupssendingtheirchildre打toneighboringcountrytoreceiveeducatio打.Someschoo^aegchildrenalsofollowtheirarents!:〇workinneihborincountrandattendschool.Somepggy’-childre打fromcrossborderethnicrousfamilhavetodrooutfortheirarentscannotgpyppaffordthetuition色es.DroinoutearlsomechildrenweresenttoleamBuddhisminppgy,^templesoftheneighboringcountr.BecausethehaventrealizedatriotismandnationalyypconsciousnessandwereafeUedbfbreinreliio打andusedbhostileforcessomechildreny,ggy
广西大学翻译硕古単位论文2014年东亚研免中/义国称研巧会论文巧译巧目报吿-worko打cross-sl;arttoengageinillegalcrossbordersmugglingandgraduallybordersmugglingand0化ertrans打ationalcrimes.Neihborincoimtriesandare过sofYunnanhaveintroducedaseriesoffavorableoKcesggp-forcrossborderethnicgroupssincethelate1990s.Thesepolicieshavegenerated巧rongimactwhichaverisetotheincreaseofinstabilitthb.hpgyineorderareasAtteborderareasof’’--Yunna打actuallost90sstude打tsfromcrossborderethnicrous位milhaventobtained,y,pgpy-anbenefitsfromtheolicofreformandoeninu.Thereforeforcrossborderethnicypyp呂p,rouseidtitiittilitt-ltureidiithnicensmoremortan化an打aonadeniandeocuenttsgp,ypygymoreimportantthanChinesecultureidentity.4.3及eligionenetrationp民eliio打isa打imortantartofideoloaswellasthecenterofculturewithsgppgytrong"e打etration.Itisakindofii巧cantbeliefresourceandsocialhenomenonwhichcanrallpsgnpywithreatrealisticower.I打secialconditionreliio打couldbeefectivecarrierofgpp,glmaintainin打ationalsecuritbutcoudalsobetheimortanttooltoeoardizenationalgy,pjp’"securityV民eliio打enetrationreferstothatoverseashostileforceswhoattemt1;ointerve打ewithgp,preligiousaffairsofChinaandacceptbelieversandestablishreligiousorganizationusingreliio打ast:oolsviola化ChineselawsandreulationswithinChinaandoverturnthevalueg,gsstemofsocialismsoastoachievewesternization.民eligionpenetratio打isnotanewyproblembecauseithasaearedsi打cetheestablishmentofNewChinai打1949.Itisustin,ppjthecurrentconditionthatreligionenetratio打intheborderareashasatrendtorei打forcesop,comprehe打sivemeasuresshouldbeadoptedtoavertit.^Accodh-ringtotheresearch,teexchangeiatioofcrossborderethnicreligiousismoredfr-comlicatedaneuentthaneneralimaination.I打eneralthecrossborderethnicpq呂gg,religiousconsciousnessoutsideYunnanismuchstrongerthanthatinsideYunnan.Overseas*-bodthiftttthesilfltfcrossrerencrousoensrenhe打ocaio打olithrhliigpgmciegio打ougregousfe-stivalsorreliiousceremonieswhichisaartofthereliioustraditionofcrossborderg,pgethnicreligion.ForexamletheDaiinYunnanandShani打BurmabelieveinBud过hismbutrecentlp,^yTheravada良uddhismi打filtratio打isrelativelactive.I打e打eraleachDaivillaei打theyg,g-bodcrossrerethnicareasinYu打打a打oncehadaBuddhisttemple.Sincethereformandoe打i打uduetotheimactofthemarketeconoma打dforeinculturema打Daieolepgp,pyg,ypphavebeenenaedineconomicactivitiesandhavelosttheenthusiasmover目uddhistafairsggtheusedtohaveManDilkliiiii.Thly.ounaare打oonereenonreousactvtesoseeoeyygggppfrombetereconomicconditio打s拉miliesarereluctanttosendtheirchildrentobemonks,leadintolessnumberof化mle.ThfrtthDiillmonksorevennomonkerebreaofeavaegp,,pg33"’Da'i扣沈己.007?民eonandNatonalSecu.幻口户£〇?£■?Pw/c/wersi雌口liiirity//WSecwr(VSocal)g//砂吟(SciencesEdition4:129.)()
广西大単巧译硕古单化论文2014年东亚研免中/义国欣研讨会论文巧译巧目报告hadtoaskaforeignertobecomeamonk,sometimeseventohireabbotsfromBurmaorLaostoheldmonasticafairsandreligiousactivities.Ithas打otonlybrouhtanextremeladversegy,imactforthedevelomentofYunnanTheravadaBuddhismbutalsoviolated化ecountrspp,yreliiousolic.Inadditio打itafectstosomeextentthe打atio打alsecurit.gpy,,,yTheJingpoethnicgroupinYunna打believ巧inAnimism,aprimitivereligion.In化em-id19thcenturywhe打westernersi打vadedBurmasomeChristia打missionariescameto化e,JinoethnicrouinYunna打ortotheKachinareaofBurma.I打1887anAmericangpgp,missiorcalledLoncametoBhamoandranaschooltheKsreadinknowledeaboutnayy,pggChristianitandWesternculture.In1892a打otherAmericanmissionarGeiscametoBhamoy,y,thenbegantoreachinMyitkyinain1:hefbl]owingyearandopenedaJingposchool.In1890,pa打Americanmissio打arycouple,Mr.&Mrs.O.Ha打son,cametoBhamoandbega打tocreateJiocharacters.In1893化efinallcomlet;edJinocharadersromwhichwatngp,yypgppgrasupintoracticeofficiallin1895.pyChristiancultureinJingpohasprovidefavorableconditionsforthespreadanddevelopmentofChristianitinJinoareas.ChurchesdeveloedraidleseciallaftertheygpppypyJingpocharac化risappliedinreligiousschoolsinareaslikeBhamoandMyitkyina.Missio打ariestranslatedandeditedlotsofB化le,HymnandreligiousbooksinJingpoversion,utilizi打theromotionofcharacterasameanswhichhasattractedalotofGhristia打itgp,ybe.thtitBhBttitilieversOnisbasishemissionaresesablishedamoBurmaaisA巧ocaonin,pBhamoandsixbra打chesinMitkinaLuokonSumrabumGuikaiLeizheMe打babei.yy,g,p,,,gthh,Fromthe19cerUurytopresent,teChristianityinBurmasJingporegionhasspreadanddevelopedformorethanonehundredyears.Thechurchescontinuetogrowandchurch,d-schldeveiffeirimooslointorentradesncludinarintermediateaihradepg,gpy,ndhggseminar.iesBe仿re1949,Europea打andAmerica打clergiesspreadallovertheDehongPrefecture’wherellllhewhereJnolive1:hecontroeda化0churcs.In1化ePeolesLerationigp950,化,ypA*rmyenteredandga打isonedinDehong.AlthoughallEuramericanclergiesweieevacuatedfromDehongregion,也eystillcontrolledthelocalchurchesbyitsagents.TheChine化local’"w-overnmentsreuiredJingposdisciplestocomlyith化epri打ciplesoftheThreeselfgqp"P---atrioticMovementselfgovemanceselfsuortandselfroaatio打whichreversed(,pp,ppg),'thesituationofWesternhtrllinJinch.churcconogosurchgp-HoweverwiththedemocraticreforminBxxrmamanwesternnonovernmental,,ygorganizationsNGOareunderthebannerofhumanitarianismtoincreasemissionareforts()y’’i打BurmasKachinandstrenthenttiiJiiiiillt;heenerao打nnosrelouseolewhchwgpgpgpp,undoubtediit.lyhaveacertainmact0打theJ打oGhrisiansofYunnanpgp4.4Borderdrugsmuggling-Itisaverysharissueofdrugsmugglingatthecrossborderethnicgroupareasinp-Yunnan.Becauseofthebloodtieandterritorconnectionthecrossborderethnicrousy,gpinsideYunna打haveaclosecontactwiththeforeig打groussharinsameoriinsoutsidepgg
广西大学巧译硕女単征论义2014年东亚巧巧中/义国标巧讨会论文巧译巧目报吿Yunnaninwhichrovidesanaturalandconvenentcoverfordrusmuliinsomeareas.,pggggAccordingtotheresearchandanalsisfromtheinvestiatinrouofnationalconditions,itygggpisnoticedthatdrugsmulininYunnanoftenhaensinsomeconcentratedareasofgggppcross-borderethncrousalontheborera打dtherowthis拉Stigpgd,g.F’ivelacesrefecturesandmunicipa化ies)ofYunnansborderareasincludingp(p,Baoshan,Dehong,Lincang,SimaoandXishuangbanna,and14counties(cities)areadjacent"’,tothedrusourceareaGoldenTrianle.AsdirectlborderingonVietnamLaosBurmaggy,,withoutnaturalcoversfordefe打se,化eybecome化eimportantchannelfordrugstoflowintoChinaa打dabroad.Bytaking化eseriousdrugtrafickingofDaia打dJingpolivinginDehon呂AutonomousPrefectureastheexamleDehonPrefectureislocatedinthe打Orthofolde打Trianleofp,gGgBurmadrubasewhichisatrianleembedBurmainthewesternedeof.hYunnanItstreeg,ggsidesofthesouth,westandnorthwestareborderingontheUnio打ofBurma,whichisawholeareaofmountainsa打drivenwith打orthemBurma.Hereareungleseverywherewithjittainroadsbecominaunueldiiilnermounianscaenthisreo打ofafieldavlaeastreet,,gqpg,gsharedbytwocountries.Theseconve打iente巧emalchannelsplaya打importantroleineconomicdevelomentbutitalsoosesdificultiesforintercetinanddefensindrusp,ppgggwhenthedrugabuseproblemissowidespread.Drugtraffickers,takingadva打ta呂eoft:hesegeographicalconditionsandconstantlychangingmeansandmethods,smuggledlargeamountsofdrusintoChinaeasil.Deho打geworsthitareawasoneofthe7channelsgy,化,announcedbytheMinistrofPublicSecuriti打2004.Inrecentearsauarterof化eyyy,qcapUireddruswerefromDehonwheretheover500kilometersborderlinehasnoanggynaturebarriers.Andithasbecomeamaorchannelforexternaldrusenterinthedomesticjggdrugmarketandaroadthroughwhichdrugscanbeexortedoverseas.SuchanobectivepjhicalCO打ditilieorapio打isthema打causeoframpa打tdrugsmuninYuiman.gggggInaddition,therapidgrowthofdrugtrafickingandtherelativelyinadequatelawsincrackindowndrucrimes,tocertainextentrestricted比eintensitdefectivenessofthegg,yan--mesfihtsagainstdrugrelatedcri.Inrecentearsdrurelatedcrimes化ndedtobegy,gcollectivizedandrofessionalizedandsomemaordrugcaseswerewelloranizedandp,jgs-op巧ated行anregio打ally.Itiscommo打forpolicetocarry0打i打vestigationsandarrestcriminalsusectsinotherlaceseveninothercountries.Howeverduetothemutualshuffle,,ppanddisutesbetweentheudicialsectorsofthebordercountriessomecasestakelontimep,jgtosolveorremainunsolved.SincetBul;helongborderlinebeweenrmaandChinaandt;hemarriaebetwee打twosidesitisdifficulttoidentithenationalitofborderers.g,fyy5.Coun化rdsuitneasuresanggestonsInreso打setotheabovementionedchalle打esthecentralandlocalovernmentspg,gshouldworktogethertosolvetheexistingroblemsfundamentalltocreateaharmoniouspy+situationfbrtheASEAN103cooperation.
广西大单翻译硕古学位论文20H年东化研突中/义国际研巧会论义颗课巧目报告5-.1Strengthen;nternationalcooperationtocombatcrossbordercrimesItisessentialtoimplementinternationalcooperatio打1:0dealwithissuessuchasillegal-crossborderflowssmulindruabductinwomena打dchildre打andothercrimes.For,ggg呂,gexamplethedetectionofOct.5MekonTraedwassuccessfullcarriedoutbolices,ggyyypfromChina,Burma,LaosandThailand.-FirststrenthentheinformatJo打exchaneamonneihbori打countries.Crossborder,gggggcrimesareverhiddenandcoverwideareaswkhintwoormorecountrieswhichwillleadany,uncertaincollectionoftheinformation.Itwilleffectivelycrackdownthecrimes,iftheinformationexchangesystemsareestablishedinrelevantcountriestofulfillaninformationandresourcesharing.Second,intensifyinternationaljudicialcooperatio打?Hereitmainlymeanscriminaludiciala巧iseinclenhancintheextraditio打ofcriminalseinforcinistal:ancudingrssnceinj,g,gafmdi打gevide打ceagai打Stmo打eylaimderingcrime(forhista打ce,acceptingthecommissionofforeigncourts!;〇helpinvestiga化,化arch,detain,deliverandsoo打)andcoordinatingin化erecoveractionfromoverseascrimerofits.ypThirdestablishacross-reionalcooerationmechansmForexamlenuntraditionali.a,gpp,securitcooeratio打mechanismundertheGMSframewithersonnelcapitalandypp,manaementinlaceshouldbesetu.TheChineseovernmentshouldcarroutacomletegppgypsetofersonneltraininsst:emeseciallinl;hoseundeveloedneihborhoodsandpgypypg-imlementthe化ans打at.pionalcooperation5.2Intensifyeortsonovertalleviationandreeelementareducationfpyfy-TheborderareasinYunnanrovincearehometothebackwardcrossnationalethnicpgroups,featuringini打convenient化ansportatio打.Forexample,the1353kmborderlinebetweenChinaandVietnamhaslongbeeninthestateofwarfrom1949to1988.Theethnicgroupsheremadegreatcontributionsandsacrificesto化emo化erlandprotectio打from’numerouswarssuchasassistinVie记amswaraainstFranceassistinVietnamwar,gg,g—aai打StAmericaa打dtheSelfdefe打seWaraai打StVietnam.Duetotheimactofwarsman呂gp,yfactoriescountrsideshosaenciesandschoolswererazedtotheroundandtheseborder,,,ypggareas拉iledtotakeadvantageoftheeconomicconstructio。opportunitiesandthusstiU’f-sueredfromovertandbackward打ess.Whatsmoretheostwarroblemsstillbotherspy,pp化elocalcadresa打d化emasses.Thereare16poorcountiesalongYunna打border,ofwhich13areethnicgroupautonomouscountiesand109villagessupportedbytherovincialovertreliefroram.Allppypghca--teseareashaveveryweakacitforselfaccumulationandselfdevelomenteseciallpyppy化oseethnicgroupsincludi打gLahu,lisu,Nu,Drunga打dWa,whotransformedfrom化elateprimitivesocietytothesocialismsocietyafter化eHberationa打dareundevelopedwithlowproductivity.Accordingtothesurve乂apartfromafewHopeprimaryschoolsestablishedbythe
广西大单顆译硕古学化论文2014年东化研免中*义国巧巧巧会论义颗译巧目报告countryandcounterartconstructionaidrovincesandthesecialschoolsinvestedbthepppyrovi打cialeducatio打deartme打tsthemaoritoftherimara打dseco打darschoolsi打thepp,jypyyiltlthboinitiitthinvlagesandownsaongerderareasarepoorcondonwhloweacginfrastructuresandlowt;eachingcompet;ence.Mostteachersherehaveloweducationdegree,",,34reacedthrouhadulteducationandthreecommu打cationsFewteacherswhichaquirgi.graduatedfromnormalu打iversitiesorotherundergraduateuniversitiesinsideandoutsidetherovinces.Inthepastteachershereweremainlfromthenormalschoolsandthenormalp,yschoolsforethnicgroupsin化e8bordercitiesand25bordercounties.I打recentyears,wkhthecancellatonandtransfbrmatio打ofthenormalschoolsandnormalschoolsforitio打alitiesraduatesfromWe打shanColleeSimaoNormalTraininolleeLinca打na,gg,gCg,gNormalTraininColleeDehonNormalTraininolleeBaoshanolleeandHonhegg,ggCg,CggCollegearethemaorteachingresourceshere.Althoughthequalityofteachersandschoolsjtsalontheborderhasotreatimrovementt;eachersareunwilli打tostalondueinowngggp,gygtodificu化conditions,lowpay,lackofinfortnatio打andi打CO打venienttransportation.Teachersdvancedhavfedhooii:ithadereesetransrretosclsnthecountctreio打sa打dteacherswgy(yg,)-whostayintownsalontheborderarethosewhohavelowleveleducationorthosewhoetggmarriedwithlocalethniceole.Suchsituationattracts色w化achers1:0sta化achinsomeppyg,^evenchooseto化achi打theneihborincountrieswhichmaketheeducationetti打sewoi.gg,ggBasedontheabovesituations,thecentralgovernmentshallstre打gthenpovertyrelief-efortsatcrossborderethnicreionsinYunnanandotherreio打s.Firstconstructroadsatallgg,lhlhnirilinihhemainldinfildfloiilevestoeetcouseasettouchwttanesostcspgpygg,informationandcapitalSecond,intensitythescaleofinvestmenttoeducationin-crossborderethnicreions.Therefbrethefundamentalroblemistoutthefreeg,ppcompulsoryeducationintoractice.p5.3Givefioritytodeveloculturalundertakingspp-ethnI打generalcrossbordericreionsaretheweakreionsofChineseculture,ggCO打stmction.Itissuscept化letobeinfluencedbysurroundingregionsandisthekeareatoysafeguardnationalculture.Givingpriorityto也edevelopmentofculturalundertakingsin-bodemoncrossrrethnicregionshelpstomaintainharyandstabilityandcreateasoundenvironmentforthedevelopmentofculturalindustries.Firstcarroutcultureoectstobenefitthemasses.Inviewofthecharacteristicsof,yprj-weakculturalinfrastructurei打crossborderethnicregionsi打Yimnanlocalovernmentsshall,gincreasei打vestme打tfiscallya打di打tellectuallytosupportthepublicwelfarea打dcultural34‘‘"ThreeCommunicationsreferstoa仿rmoffiirth巧educationforacademicdegreesthroughcorrespondenceeducation'co-化ubteacherlleetelliteteleviioncationandselfhtexamination.rallsstuysgs,sasedugGeneypeaking,dentswhohassat""’化ese-lftaughtoncanreceiveTreeommuntonswi化hiscoe.Werea化teotexaminai化ehCicaisrshs,eyhavtdonCO打tueostudorakeexaminatonsonesubectsteyavealreadyasseso打gaseasrterecaonintyti化jhhp江Al化s化efbhdutiypexaminationson化erestreuiredsubects化ecanetadiplomawhichwillbesealedbytherovncacommit化eforqjyiil,gp"-wUhselftaughtexaminationsantsthool虹ilsllbewrint;htersoTrdhehoscad出tionthedomaha打eeletfhee,pCommunications.
广西大単颗巧切古学位论文2014年东亚研究中/义国际巧讨会论文翻译通目报告activitiesinruralcommimities,giveappropriatesubsidiestoamateurart1;eaminruralregions,andcarryoutvarious仿rmsofculturalactivitiesatthebasiclevelineth打icreionsandgencouragehealthylifestyles.I打additionlocalovernmentshallinve巧moreintheconstructionofublic1化raries,g,pmuseums,etc.Secondrotecttheintan-ibleculturalheritaeofcrossborderethnicrous.Accordin,pgggpg-matothesecondlistofnationalnonterialculturalheritageYunnanaccountsfor35which,,killfoincludesfb化culture,music,dance,art,ssandlklorewhichmostlbelongto,ycross-borderethnicrous.Andiftheseintan化leculturalheritaearewellro1:ecteditwillgpggp,-lihiiiiflplaya打vitalroenstrents打nostvenuenceofcrossborderethnicrousinYunna打ggpgpto化e打eighborhoods.-Torot;ectintan化leculturalheritaeincrossborderethnicrousthlocalpgggp,eovemme打tshallbeversuortivetotheuida打ceofolicflmdinandersonnel.呂ypp呂py,呂pThird,stre打gthentheculturallegislatio打.Formaorissuessuchasthebuildinofublicjgpculturalservicesstemthedevelome打ta打dlanninofcultur过1i打dustriestherotectio打ofy^ppg,p,culturalheritaeandthebuildinofculturalmarketthelocaleolesconressesandrelat:edgg,ppglegislativedepartmentsshoulds1:artlegislationinvestigationsandresearches.Whenconditionsermitlocalculturalreulationsshouldbemadeassoonasossiblesoastop,gp,providelegalrotectio打for也erovincewithowerfiilanddiversifiedethniccultures.ppp-Iiikinbodehnicldadiinaddtontaadvantaeofcrossrretendoenouscutureanonn,gggjggeography,YunnancanjointlyapplyfbrIrans打ationalWorldHeritageSitew化hthe打eihbori打countries.I打theborderareasofGhi打aLaosBurmaa打dThailandtheWorldgg,,,CulturalHeritagefeaturingbioloicaldiversitandethnicculturaldiversitcanbealiedgyypp"’,jointlyt;obuildinganInternationalGolde打QuadrangleParkaswellast;heWorldCultural-V-Heritaecoverin民ed民iverandYunnaniet打amrailwaalontheSinoVietnameseborderggyg,whichshouldbeointlro化ctedandrationalldeveloed.jypypByjointlyapplyingfbrtheWorldCulturalHeritage,identitiesofcultureandvaluesaresixenthene过andaoodfoundatio打forbuildingaharmonioussurroundinislaid.ggg5EldiitCMlt.4ectiveyssemnaenesecuurefThecoreofculturalsafetyistostrengthenitscultureandeffectivelyspreaditscultureasll-we.I打thecrossboundaryreio打straditionalChinesecultureshouldbeefectivelsreadg,yp■tChioenhanceineseculture.Accordngtotheresearchournalssuchas公幻巧a巧口,j,ThatchandMekongarepublishedinBurmese,LaotianandThailanguagesrespectivelyand,lissuedtoBurmaLaosandThaiand.MostoftheseournalsreortedChinasonies,jpp,eco打omcultureButduetolacksideratovethelocalcultuls.aofCO打io打rra打eedsuchy,,lsatllreceivedi.ournare打owein比eneghboringcountriesjInthesurroundingareasitisnotnecessariltointroduceChinesecultureinChinese.,yInstead,化elocalla打guageorE打glishcanbeusedforbettercirculatio打,whichisuptothesecificcrcumstancesofneihborincountries.ForexamleinBurmanowsomeofthepiggp,,己5
广西大単巧课硕古単化论文20j14年东化巧免中义国际研讨会论文巧巧巧目报告localpeoplearesensitivetoChinaandChinesepeople.Asaresult,ifChineseisthemediumofculturaltransmissionthebarrbrwillberelativellare.Enlishisthesecondoficial,ygglanuaeinBurmawhereeoleareroficientinE打lish.Allotherschooltextselementarggppp呂(y,mid姐ea打dhighschool,andu打iversity),inadditiontolanguageone,areallmadeinEnglish.PeoplewholeamChineseunnecessarilyhaveacrushonChina.Chinesepeopleaccountfbr5%of化epopulationinBurma,whileoficialsbelieveattcometoButtstrttessotleas10%.ManeolermawihouhowingheiChineseideniiheyp,plocalsfeelthreatenedbtheChinese.IfChinastillromo化theChinesedeseratelitwillyppy,deepenresentmentofBurmatowardsChina.In1967,overseasChineseschoolsinBurmaengagedin化eCulturalRevolutio打,tryingtooverthrow化ecentralgovernment.Asaresult,bh'theywererere巧edtecentralovernment.WithChinasmassiveinvestmententerinpygg,Bu,ThrmasfearandanxietyfbrChinaincreased.ouhBurmesestillacceptChineseandgoveasChnese-frseilarescaleoChineseeducationarenotwelcome.Burmadoesnotallow,gtheConfuciusInstitutebutGo打fliciusClass.Burmanowhasmorethan300-ChineseIanguagetutorials.TheinvestmentonChineseeducatio打foroverseasChineseshouldnotbeincreasedtoomuch.ThustheChineseculturecanbetransmittedinEnglishorBurmese.5Shentilii.5trengtmanagemenandromotonoreousworkpfg民eliionlasadualroeithl:tiChinlture.0打theonehandlneroeconofesecugpyp,,religiousbeliefsasartofAepeolesbeliefsin化ehistoryca打beusedtoresolvesocialpp-conflictsandsocialinteration.Crossborderethicrousenofullreiifrgnlouseedomofgpjygbelievintheirownethnicreliio打orforeinreliionwhichisreulatedbtheChinesegggg,gystitutiona打drelevantlawsa打dreulat.IttrtttGo打gionsisalsoa打importanai打theroecio打ofpp‘‘civi.liiliikhihadbtwol1化ertiesForexamen民uareanthearareawereonevillaessrep,,pgyri’’countesanumberofDai巨uddhisttemleswereconstructedandDaieoleand目urma,ppp-Shaneoleconductworshiinthem.Crossborderculturalidentitcanunite1:henatio打andpppy’beeneficialforbordersstabUitandharmon.byyOntheotherha打drdiio打isofte打usedbforeinforcesasatooiltobreakthestabilt,gygyandharmonofborderareas.Inthissenseitisnecessartostre打the打themanagementandy,ygpromotionofreligiouswork.Thelocalovernmenti打theborderareasshouldstrenthenreliionmanaementandggggimprovetheualitandlevelofma打aementstafCaitalinvestmentshallbeincreasedtoqygpimrovethecurrentreliiousmanaementofoorinstittionsandlackofstaffThpggpu.e比-manaementteamsshallbestrenenedandimrovedwththin.tggpieabUityofantienetratIpg’*isalsonecessartoihliihNiliilihhayintensteubceducato打ofteatonsieousoctroufyp呂pygvarwatiimhel1tietyofsa打dtosarenoefors化conscientousllement1:oiciesso:hat:heypypplfrii化emaoritofreliiouseoecanreallenotheeedomofrelousbeliefrotectedbjygppyjyg:yppolicy,a打dimprovestheirabilitytoide打tifyandresistthepe打etratio打ofreligion.
广巧乂掌巧译巧r古单位论文2014年来巧巧巧中A巧巧研咐会论文巧巧巧目报告Appendix111TerminologyList按首字母拼音排序",,M目脑纵歌imaoZcmggeCarnivalafestivalwhere泣lareamountofeoledancin(gppgtogether)",,Water-SrFe泼水节pinklingstival,",,",兰沟通threecommunicationsakindofcertificatecombininvocatio打aleducation(g^corresondenceeducatonandadueionpiltducat)",,云月节LunarMarchFestivalarandal过ofBaieolefortradininannualhmar(ggppgMarch)",,'S自革新()-PtrMovt-自传、自治、自养Threeselfaioticemen(selfovernanceg,'sef-suortand-lppselfroaation,ppg)《关于促进边境贸易发展有关财税政策的通知》(财关税[2008]90号)NoticeontheRelevantFiscalandTaxPoliciesonPromotingtheDevelopmentofBorderTradeNo.902008oftheMinistryofFinance([])2012中国德宏瑞丽泼水节暨首届红木文化节:2012ChinaDehongRuiliSonkranFestivalga打dthefir巧ahoanGulturalFestivalMgy阿昌族Achang安居乐业、休养生子Liveandworkinpeaceandcontentme凸t;restandraisechildren八莫Bhamot保卫■祖国defendourmoherland本科高校undergraduateunivers化ies磬差奴Phetchbun边疆地区borderareas边境沿线alongtheborder边民互市Bordertrade边民互市通道thechannelofthebordertrade己7
广巧大单巧课巧I女単tt论义2014年乂化巧巧中A留巧巧巧会论义翻课巧百报吿布朗族Blang布依族BouyeiFlower-oeDancn的tivalafesiveeneoeance打ear泣ole踩花山节pligF(tdaywhppldpdecoratedwithflowerstoworshitheirancestorsandwhenounladsacourttotheirpygpybelovedones)藏麵语族e拉milies/branchesofthe、壮個语族、孟高棉语族和苗瑶语族languagT-Mon-KhmMiao-YaoibetoBurmanZhuanDonerand,gg,成人教育adulteducation川扩ienkhuanXgg达府Tak大理:Dali俸獻Dai禅邦ShanState挣族Shanei德昂族Dang敌对势力hostileforces东盟10+3文化合作框架TheASEAN10+3CulturalCooperationFramework(includingthe10ASEANnationsplusChina,JapanandROIC)东盟一中日韩+(103)文化部长会议MeetinofteASEANMinistersRe巧onst)leforCultureandArtsAMCAandheAMCAgh()tPlusThreeAMCA+3()、crimeCOectivzationndrofessali毒品犯罪集团化职业化DrugUiapionsm独龙族Drung对口援建省份counterpartconstructionaidprovincesefenst-titt对越自卫反击作战divecouneratackfighingagansVienam二类日岸secondclassortsp非法居留人员overstayers58
广西大单巧译巧女学化论文2014年义巧巧巧中A。巧巧W会论文巧译巧目报含非法迁居illegalmove非法入境、非法居留、非法就业illegalimmigration^illegalresidence,illegalen^loyment非法同居illegalcohabitation丰沙里Phongsali扶贫攻坚overtyreliefroramppg贵开Guikai国家非物质文化遗产名录nationalnonmaterialculturalheritaeg一国家类口岸thenational&stclassports国情调研组Nationalconditionsresearchgroup果敢地区theKokangregion哈尼族Hani回族Hui会晒BanHouayxay基础教育:elementaryeducation基础免费教育freeelementareducationy解放liberation金HGoldenTrianle角g浸礼会BaptistChurch经济賴射效应:Ecoiiomicradiationefects景洪Jinonghg景颇族Jingpo克木人Khmu克钦邦KachinState跨国躲生ecretarturitionoverseassp跨国犯罪活动transnationalcrimesea-u跨境非法走私Illglcrossbordersmgglingcross-borderierucaton跨境高等教育hghedi巧
广西大单巧巧巧古洋位论义2014年东化巧巧中A因巧締巧会论文巧巧巧目化吿ross-bordert跨境民族Cehnicrous/transnatkmalnationaKtgpy跨境民族地区cross-boundaryreionsg口illeal-跨境民族非法人流动问gmigrationissuesofthecrossborderethnicrousgp-bordertt跨境民族就业Crossehnicenq)Ioymencross-reional跨区域合作化制gcooperativemechanism拉祐族Lahu拉基人Lajipeople’莱洲laizhou、山罗SonLa、清化ThanhHoa、义安Yian玻勃拉邦Luangrabanpg雷哲Leizhe黎府Loei傑傑族Lisu爛沧江antsanRiverLg罗孔Luokong媚公河慘案eMekonTraedThggy動腊Mongla赫阮Mengnguyen孟己填TheMengbadam密支那Myitkyina苗族:Miao民政救助civilrelief民族师范学校normalschoolfornationalities民族自治县minorityautonomouscounty南奔Lamphun怒江洲NujiangoftheLisuAutonomousPrefecture怒族Nu贫困县poverty-strickencounty60
广西大単巧译领女单化论文2014年乂化巧巧中困巧巧讨余论文巧译巧呂报告迂徙文化ationcultureMigr遣送出境Deportation清莱ChiangRai清迈ChiengMai群体性事件GroupEvents人口普查Census瑞丽Ruili瑞丽口岸R加ortip桑怒SamNeua化会救济Socialreliefrmaners])巧范大学noluivityt)achinresourcesandcomeencej币资力量化gp司法协助judicialassistance儒懷族Lisu孙不拉蛛Sunq)rabum轉色产业:specialtyindustry偏邦WatateS侃族Wa外籍人员Expatriates危房dilapidatedbuilding文化惠民工程theroectofculturebene化inthemasspjg无证生育Undocumentedbirth物质基础Materialbasis西双版纳洲XishuangbannaPrefecture洗钱犯罪moneylaunderingcrime现实意义racticalsignificancep新民族主义newnationalism61
广西大単巧译领女単位论文2014年东化巧巧中A困巧巧讨会论义巧课巧目报答岩城Yancheng瑶族Yao一一A井两国、河两国wellandariversharedbytwocountries夷为平地raze化theroundg原始社会末期inthelaterimitivesocietpy援越抗法theVietnamWaraidingVietnamandresistingFranceeos-战争后遗问题thtwarleacpgyI-中南半岛ndoChinaPeninsulaMaorcasesofrucrmes重特大毒品犯罪案件jdgi周边欠发达地区uluierdevelopedneighborhoods宗教滲透religionenetrationp62
广切大华拇讲硕女举化论义2014年乂化巧义中A因巧巧讨会论文巧巧巧目化吿产,聲.y‘''辞翻译项目委托书,委托谢敏广西大学外国语学院林志亮老师,女,身份证号362422巧9210150045,翻译论文项目《东盟10+3合作.框架下中国西南跨境民族与周边的文化交流--、挑战及对策云南跨境民族为例》,作为国际会议发言之用。;情况属实,特此证明。批帛4鶴齡句巧驾\揉.髮#y4H绰延許I:’:擊-J.‘%?>:呼苗'■■it::.Ill'...苗..记蟲眶纖&J蔡.遞63'
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