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2014年东亚研究中心国际研讨会论文翻译项目报告.pdf

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广西大学学位论文原钥性和使用授巧巧明本人声明所呈交的论文,是本人在导师的指导下独立进行研究所取得的研究成果。除已特别加W标注和致谢的地方外,论文不包含任何其他个人或集体己经发表或撰写的研究成果,也不包含本人或他人/为获得广西大学或其它单位的学位而使用过的材料一。与我同工作的同事对本论文的研究工作所做的贡献均已在论文中作了明确说明。本人在导师指导下所完成的学位论文及相关的职务作品,知识产r权归属广西大学。本人授权广西大学拥有学位论文的部分使用权,即:学校有权保存并向国家有关部口或机构送交学位论文的复印件和电子版,允许论文被査阅和借阅,可W将学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索和传播,可W采用影印、缩印或其它复制手段保存、汇编学位论文。本学位论文属于:□保密,在年解密后适用授权。因尔保密。""(请在W上相应方框内打V)*如论文作者签名:,3日敏日期:1^年^^指导教师签名:耳巧d扫作者联系电话:电子邮箱: Acknowledgements,F-irstandforemost,Idlike化extendmyheartfe化thankstomsuervisorProfessoryp.GuanRongzhen^whohastirelesslyprovidedherinsightfulsugge巧ions,instructiveguidanceandpatientencouragementthroughoutthewholecompositionofmyreport.BesidesMsecialratitudealsooes^Mr.ZhuYuaiideMrs.LiuiaiiaiidMrs.,ypgg,QNongXueminw地ForeignLa凸guagesCollegeofGuangxiUniversity,for也eirprofoundadviceandoh?jectivecriticismonmyreporttoperfectit.LastbutnotleastIamthankfultomintimatefriendsastheaveselfle巧leredas,yyhyofmuchhelpastheycouldtoetmethrouhthetwistsandturnswhenIamdaunted*ggFinally,Iverymuchowethesucc的sfiiicompletio打ofthereport化mydeare巧parents,becausetheirsupportismymotive.i 2014年东亚研究中瓜国际研讨会论文巧译项目报告摘要"一本翻译项目的原文是篇题为东盟10巧合作框架下中国西南跨境民族与周边的"一文化交流、挑战及对策W云南跨境民族为例的学术论文,该论文是为在泰国举行""?的2014年东亚。经分析于皮特纽马克文本研究中屯国际研讨会撰写而成,原文属类型翻译理论中的信息类文本,并且本报普觀选了该理论作为整个翻译项目的主要指导理论。""本项目报告详尽记录了笔者进行该学术论文翻译项目的全过程,包括译前准备,""""入探究了学术论文的文体类型风格翻译和译后审校H大阶段,深、语言特征和目标受众、策略W及应采取的翻译辅助,并确定落实了学术论文翻译应采取的翻译理论"工具,最后运用了系统合理的审校方法yx确保译文的质量。此外,本报告还通过案例"一、、分析章,列举了学术论文翻译中存在的四类典型问题:学术论文格式政治敏感词民族特色词和引文资料,并对各类问题进行了独立的思考分析,提供了针对性的翻译处理方法,供其他译者参考。该翻译项目报告总结了学术论文翻译的有益经验,明确了学术论文翻译的核也点;""信息的真实性,准确地传递原文信息。笔者希望该翻译项目报告的成果可为其他进行学术论文翻译的译者提供可靠借鉴。关键词:学术论文翻译;文本类型翻译理论;案例分析 ProectReorton2014EASCInternationalSmosiumjpypPaperTranslationABSTRACT"Thesourcetextofthetranslatio打roectanacademicaerwiththetitleofOnthepj,ppaenesandt-ChllgCountermeasuresofCultijralExchangesBeweenCrossborderEthnicGroupsinSouthwestChinaandNeighboringCountriesUndertheASEAN10+3Cultxiralerat—T-ECoopicmFrameworkakingCrossborderthnicGroupsinYunnanProvinceasa*Casewaswrittenforthe2014EastAsianStudiesCentreEASCInternationalSmosium^()yp^heldinThailand.ThetextiscategorizedasaninformativetextbyPeterNewmarksTextCategoryTranslationTheorywhichthe打isselectedasthecoretranslationtheor仿rthis,yreport.Thewholeproce巧oftheacademicpapertranslationprojectconductedbythetranslator**hasbeenconlrecortre-trt>rehensiveydedinhisportincludinhasesofreanslaioiiq,gpp"(""'^"-analysistranslatio打andposttranslationproofreading.Duringthesehasesthereort,p,phasrobeddeeintotheasectslikethetextenreandstlelinuisticfeaturesandtaretpppgy,ggaudienceofthepaper,determinedthepropertranslationtheory,strategiesandtools,andatlastadoptedsys化maticandfeas化kapproachesofproofreadingtoensurethetranslation""quality.Moreover,inthechapterofCaseStudy,thereporthaslistedfourtypicalcases,",,""(^namelyacademicaerfbrmatoliticallsensitivewordstechnicaltermswithethnicpp,py,""’,characteristicsandcitations,oneachcaseofwhichindepende凸treflectionandtargetedsolutionshavebee凸m泣dcservinasKferenceforothertranslatoK.,giii Thisproectreorthassummarizedvaluableexerienceoftheacademicaerjpppp""translatio打andithasdecidedtheessentialointofthetranslatio打:theauthenticitofpyinformationtheaccuratetransmissionoftheoriinalmessae.Itissincerelhoedthatthe,ggypachievementsofthistranslatio打proectreortcouldbeareliablerefere凸ceforo化erjptranslatorswhoareworkinonthetranslationoftghesametype.Keywords:academicpapertranslation;TextCategoryTranslationTheory;casestudyiv Con化ntsAcknowledgmentsiChineseAbstractiiEnglishAbstractiiiChater1ProectDescription1pj-tt1A1.1Preranslaionnalysis1.2rearations2Pp1.2.1TranslationTools31.2Rearallelworks3.2ferencesandP12TinLi巧4..3ermologyChater2TranslationProcess5p2.1TranslationStrategies52.2r城slationStle5TyChapter3QualityControl7Chapter4CaseStudy.931Acaemcaerormat9.dipfp13.2Politicallysensitivewords23.3Technicaltermswithethniccharacteristics143.4Citations16erConcuson1Chapt5li8Bibliography20AendixISourceText21ppAppendixUTa巧etText34AppendixIIITerminologyList57 广西大单巧诛巧古单位论文20U年东化巧巧■中A国巧研讨会絶义巧巧巧目报舍Chapter1ProjectDescriptionT**hesoxircetextofthetranslationproject,anacademicpaperwiththetitleofOnthemeasuresofCu-ChallengesandCounterlturalExchangesBetweenCrossborderEthnicGroups虹SouthwestChinaandNeighboringCountriesUnder也eASEAN10+3Cultural-CooeratF—TEthnYunnanpionrameworkakingCrossbordericGroupsinProvinceas身^CaseiswrittenbystaffofForeignLanguagesCollegeofGuanxiUniversitereinafter\gy(ht"",’referred!:〇as化eclientJforthe2014theEASCInternationalSmosiumheldin)ypBankokThaandwhoworkinanuaeisEnls.TheisrovnMicroso巧gil,seglggihtextidedi,gpWordformatwith16171Chinesecharacters.Thedurationoftheroectis10dasfrom,pjy*May25化June3气2014.Thewrit巧ofthetranslationprojectreport(hereinafterreferred化"astranslator技化muchhonored化betherincialentrus化dtranslatoroftheroect.)pppjAsanacademicapertheaerdeliberatesontheculturalexchanesbetweenYuimanp,ppget-thnicrousandneihborinnationsunderheASEANlCH3CulturalCooerationgpggpFramework,anditresearchesonexclusivesolutionstotheexistedproblems,whichispresentlyanadvancedfieldconcerningtheaspectsofChineseacademicaperformatp,olitcallsem化iveexressionssomesecialtermsft>rYunnanethnicrousandcitations.piyp,pgpThenthetranslationproblemsoftheseaspectsarise.WhenthetranslatorutthesetranslationpproblemsaskeywordsinCNKIforretrievalonlafewrelativeaersarefoundwhich,ypp,verifiesthatthistranslationresearchis江newfield.There仿rethetextosesmuchchallene,pg,tothetranslatorandhsvaluabletomaketheaerthesourcetextof泣MasterofInterpreters,ppandTranslatorsMTIroectreort()pjp1Pr-translaitionAnals.1eysAator-ttsctegorizedbyhetextcategrytheoryofawoldrenownedBriishranslationtheoristthesourcetextasanacademicpaperbelonstotheinformativetextaccordinto,gg,,,1 ?4'r巧大単巧巧巧古学往论文201年乂巧巧突中/^固巧研讨会论文巧译巧目报吿thetheoristPeterNewmark2001:39.Theaerloicallobectivelreresentsmanfects,ppgy,jpy,()y*tonleeanethncrousasweseautrmuchinformaiknowdgofYunnigllathhos,pcountermeasuresfi)rtheirencounteredproblemsindiferentfields.ThetargetaudiencearethearticipatedofandtheinterestedintheSymposium,includingacademics,students,ppolicymakersNGOworkersandaentsalike.,gAstheaerisauthoredforaninternationalsmosiumitobservesthestrictChineseppyp,academicaperformatinaccordancewiththeformalityofthesrmosium.Forinstancethe3p,ptypefacefontsizeofthetitlesofdifferentlevelsthelinesacinandbibliograhalikeall,pgp,yhavestandardandstrictformat.ItisaverytrickroblemtodealwithinthecourseofyptranslationastheEnlishaerformatisdifferentfromtheChineseone.,gppFxirther,thepap巧discussestheproblemsofculturalexchangesbetweenthecross-bordereChthnicgroupsinsouthwestinaandneighboringcountriesandivesout,gmanycoxmtermeasuresfromlegal,education,politicalandreligionperspectives,whichtheninvolvessomeoliticallsensitivewordsandexressions.Toconcretizetheroblemsthepypp,papercitesYunnanprovinceasacase.Therefi>re,muchintroductio打aboutYunnanethnic,groupsisshowed,andlotsof化chnicaltermswithethnicgroupscharacteristicsmakeappearancesintheaer.Besidestheaeralsocontainsmancitationmaterialwhichmadepp,ppyitmoreobectiveandauthentic.jAtoacademcaersbeonnon-tt007-ccord:36ingLiuMiqingiplg化lieraure3.,p口巧Listicallthewordinoftheaerisformalobectiveaccurateconciseandloicwithinguy,gpp,j,,g,noemotionalcolors.Thereforetheseelementsshouldbetake打intoconsiderationinthe,searchofthemo巧suitabletranslatio打methodsstrateiesandstleforthesourcetext.,gy1.2PreparationsPrearationsareanessentialartofthetranslationroce巧?Oftentimesrearationsppp,pp2 广西大洋巧巧巧古单位论义2014年东化巧突中^<国惊巧讨会论义巧巧巧目化告ncude*monoilpreparingtranslationtools,gath知ingielevantdocume打ts,essays,graphs,arallelworksandmakinaterminololist,p,ggy1.2.1IVanslationToolsThetranslationtoolscanbedividedintotwotes:hardwareandsoftware.Mostlypy,hardwareincludesalatopand汪拍obilephoneforthoseareindisensable仿rinternetp,psurfin,whichisnearlythebasisofthewholetranslatio口work.虹addhiorijapergpdictionariesserveasanotherhardware.Basically,softwareincludeswordprocessingsoftware(WPS),searchengines(BaiduandooerentformatviewersCAJViewer7.1instantm的sainsoftwareandGgl),dife(),gg(QQ-ttMotWechaonlinedicionaries.simortantlsomenecessartranslationsoftwarelike),py,y-TradesandTcloudareinstalledandhameissedwhichreatlfacilitatestheroect,gypjtranslation.1.2.2ReferencesandParallelworksAsacademicpapertranslationis打ew1:0thetranslator,itisawisewaytosearchforusefulbackgroundinformationandtranslationguidancetheoreticallorracticallb,ypy,yreadingrelevantdocuments,essays,monographsandparallelworksonthisfield.Thetranstednot-worthiretslatorhascollecelyafewlevandocumentsessa,,,y,monograhsconcerningacademicaertranslationorthesimilartextcontenttranslation泣11ppp^rovidinvaluablereferencesfortheltpgtransaionroblems.p,Itsorthentonnattheranslatoras:foundeveraaralewoiaaeronwmiigththslllrks,lkeppp***Atranslationoftechnicaltermswithminoritiescharacteristicsinothereorahicareasnggp,"AnalysisoftheE打glishTranslatio凸of化eWordsLoadedwithGuangxiFo化Culture,withthehelpofwhichthetranslatoretssomeinstructivetranslationaroachesforthesimilargppproblem.However,thereferencesonthisparticularfieldarelimitedwhichmanifeststhatthe,researchdemandsfurtherdevelopment.3 20年乂化巧突中八^国巧研付会论文巧课巧目报舍广田大单巧译巧女单化论义141.2.3TerminoloListgyTheacademicpaperincludesmanytechnicalterms,likeethnicgroupnames,georaphicalnamesofadacentcountrieslocalolicieswithChinesecharacteristicsethnicgj,p,*grousculturalactivitiesfestivalsublishedworksandmostofthemhaveoccurredforp,,p,morethanonce.AccordingtoSunZhoxixinacademictranslationshouldobservethe,prindleofuniformitythatistokeetranslationofthesamewordsandexreMionsp,,ppconsiste打t2013:72.Besides汪goodquantityofthemarequitenewandhasneverbeen(),translatedintoEnlishbefore.Therefbrethetranslatorhassearchedfortheiraccurateg,translationandmade过terminologylistbeforetherealtranslationwork.I打thiswaythe,accuracyuniformitandeficiencofthetranslatio凸workhavebeenuaranteedeve打,yyg^improved.4 ?广巧大単巧床巧古单14年乂化巧巧中/会论文巧课巧目报吿tt论文20义国巧巧咐Chapt;er2TranslationProcess2.1TVanslatioiiStrategies^AccordingtoPeterNewmarksTextCateorTraiaslationTheorthesourcetextisangyy,,matextInformaivetextstisoensandardantstateinforivet.tforma6tdtheymainlserveo,yeabtrtctseNewma-41Theriounchanleuhorfeaccordin化Pterrk001:39.ritofg,g口)py^^*informativetextisutontheauthenticitoftheinformationconveyedandthelanuaeofpy,ggtheauthorissecondaryaccording化WangYinquanandRenFang口005:125).PeoplearemoreconcernedwiththeinformationcontentsoftheinformativetextLikethissourcetext,the阳pc化ofitstranslationis化oferaccurateandauthenticinformationtothetaretpgaudiencereachintheoalofefectivecommunicationamongthesouthwe巧nations.,ggTakingtheaforementionedfeaturesofinformativetextintoconsideration,PeterNewmarkroosesl-pthecommunicativetransatio打strategy2001:6269.Thestrategyp()advocatesthattheeffectsofthetranslationworkonthetargetlanguagereadei^shouldbesameasthoseofthesourcetexto打thesourcelanguage化aders.Therefore,thetranslatorshouldtransmittheinformationbasedonthecultureandpragmaticformsofthetargetlanguage.InotherwordsinordertoachievethereadabilitofthetranslationWangYinuan,y,qandRenFangshowthatthetranslatorcanmakerecombinationrevisionandsupplement,,connotat1-25trionswhennecessary2009:241flexiblusinliteralanslationandfree(),yg'^translation.Altoetherthetranslatorshouldobservetherincileofauthenticitfirsfg,ppy\re-resentntheexactinformationofthesourcetextandthetranslaonshallbeitipg,aud-tsmoienceargetedothandreadable.,2.2TranslationStleyInthettttetranslatorasconcte-ttofabovearsofhereporhhdudreranslaionanalsisp,pytye,contents,fi)nnjtargetaudienceandpurposealike,inaccordancewithwhichproperptranslationtheoryandtranslationstrategieshavebeenselected.Inlightofthatan,5 广巧乂学巧译项古学tt论文204年乂亚巧巧中A巧巧巧?棘会论文巧译巧目化告1aroatedStyleofthetranslatio凸ofthesourcetextcanbedecidedandthe打妃rmed.pppri,Thetranslatio打ofthefactsandinformatio打ofthesourcetextshouldbeaccurate,authenticand&ithfultotheoriinalAndthetranslationworkshouldbeconductedtaretingggattheaudienceofthetaretanuae.uivalent化theChine化aterithglggEqtechniclmswdistnctivecharacteristicslatinisedvocabularandaronareadotethetranslation.idin,yjgpBesidesthetranslationworkshouldobservethestrictEnlishacademicaerformat.As,gppmanydistinctdifferencesexistbetweentheChineseandEnlishacademicaerformatsingpptheteface,titles,bibliorahandsoforthsomenecessaradustmentsshouldbemade.ypgpy,yj"ChristineNordnotesthat,Apartfromtheformality,informativetextsareusually,notexchisively,imperso打al,whichisp巧sentedintheformofpassivevoiceor化irdpersonnoun,’-mhrases991:1315.Thehenomenonwheresubectsareitedinhesourcetextcanbep。)otpjhandledwithpassivevoiceinEnlish.Thewordinofthetranslationworkshouldalsobeggforma-ltechnicalrecisesuccinctandnonemotive.Loncon)lexdeclarativeand,,p,g,q,tsentetsettestttftimperaivencesshouldbehemainnenceypinheargetext.Whasmorehe,tlaildbe-overallranstonshoulogicalandnometahor.Finallmultinounconundsare,py,^commonlseentlttyinhetransaedext."A"translationshouldreflectthestleoftAtyheoriginal巧avor1968:54.sthesleofy,)y^thesourcetexthasbeenidentifiedthetranslatorcanmakehistranslationworksstlein,ycommonwith化bytheselectedtheoryandstrategies.Undoubtedlaccordintothey,gcommunicativetranslationstrategysomenecessaralterationscanbemadefromthestleof,yythesourcetextsoas!:〇increasethewadabilitandaccetabilitofthetranslatedtextamon,ypygthereadersofthetargetlanuae.gg6 广西大单巧译硕女单位论文20H年东巧巧與中函巧巧讨会论文巧译巧目报舍Chapter3ualitControlQyThetranslationqualityisthesouloftheprojecttranslation^as化relat的closelywiththereadabUity,acceptability,intentionandfunctionsofthetargettext.Thequa化yofthetranslationmakesabigdifferencetotheeflfectsofresentinandtransmittintheoriinalpggginformation.Thetranslationwillbe泣con^letelyfailureifitsqualitycaimotbeensiired.Therefoire,translatio凸workofhighqualityshallbeguaranteed.Onemo巧efectiveapproachistoproofread.Generally,proofreadingconsistsofdetectingandcorrectingerrors,deficienciesandinapproriatene巧concerningthewordingsentencesstructuresandstlep,,yalikeofthetranslation.虹thisreortthetranslatortakesthreeroofreadinrocedurespjpgpaltogetherwitheachrocedurecenterino打diferentrioritiesinordertosstematizethe,pgp,yproofreadingandobtainfinerendroduct.pThtrocesse-ceckInthscotefirspdureilfhing.iursetheranslatorcorrectsevident,takessetttst-misllinuncuaionrammarandthelikesulemenheleftoutnformation(pg,i,p,g)ppandavoidsobscuritysoastoincreasethereadabilityofthetranslation.,Peerreviewisthesecondprocedure.Theconductorsofeerreviewaremostlpyclassmatesofthetranslatorostraduatesofthesameorrelevantmaors.Theyeliininate,pgjelusivemistakesescapedthepreviousprocedureandwordingdeficienciesincludinthe,gmstakescauseackofrofessionalnowledeandackrounrmaton.idbyalkbdinfoipggT'hefinalproofreadingprocedizre,onthepragmaticlevel,isdonebythetranslatorssupervisor,whopointsouttheproblemsexistedinthediscoursestructure,inthetranslationofthepo化icallysensitivewordsaswellasinthestleofthetarettextandmost,yg,importantly,offersthetranslatorpreciousandinstructiveadviceintermsoftheseproblems.A'ltogetherthethreerocedurescombinetominimizethetranslationserrorstothe,preatestdegreeimrovethetranslationdeficienciesmarkedlandenhancetheg,pyappropriatene化,readabilityandacceptabdityoftheproject,inotherwords,thetranslationroectaccomiseithateuaitafterroofreadin.pjisplhdwdequaqlgyp7 广西大单巧译巧古学往论义如14年义巧巧巧中A巧巧研巧会论文巧译巧曰化合^On*theJune3^2014thelastdaoftheroectdurationthetranslatormadethefinal,ypj,adustae打tsonthetranslationworkbasedon泣oodsummaryofthewholeenwsjgaccumulatedfromtheproofreadingwork,adjustedthetextformataccordingtotherequirementsoftheclientanddeliveredtheultimateroduct化出eclientbtheendofthe,pydaywhichmarkstheaccon)lishmentofthetranslationroect.,qpj8 ?*广西大单巧课巧女单tt论文2014年东化巧免中/<^国巧巧咐会论文巧巧巧目化吿Chapt;er4CaseStudyFourticacasesarestetinthischaternameacademcaerformatypllidoup,lyipp,oliticallysensitivewords,technicalt知mswithethniccharacteri別icsandcitations.AsPeterpNewmarkhasproposed,theenqphasisofinformativetexttranslationshouldalwaysbelacedp,",o打authenticitythereciseconveanceoftheoriinalinformationthereforethe,pyg,,translationofthecasesrequestsaccuracysmoothnessandconcise凸ess.Thereadabilitand,ytttetataesaottoatacceabiliyofhreudienchouldlsbeakeninccoun.pg3*1AcademicaerformatppStrictformatrequirements妨esymbolicofacademicpapers,for泣standardanduniform’formatmakespapercontentsconvenient化readandreadersneededinformationaboutthepapa:easy化locate.However,greatdisparitiesoftypefont,tablesandreferencesformatalikeexistbetweenChineseandEnglishacademicpapers.Thereforethetranslatorhasto,tacticallyhandlethetransibrmationainmoreheedtothetindiferencesbetweenthenijpygyjinorder化巧astandardEnlishacademicaerwiththecorrectformat,andensurethattheggppformatofetarettextisfaithfultothatofthesourcetext.thgAsthesourcetextservesthe2014EASCInternationalSymposium^化eConference,,"CharassentoutadocumentCallForPaersalonwithaninvitatontothecentofthsihilii,p,gproject.Withinthedocument,theChairhasstatedclearlyaspecifiedpaperformatconcerningb化liorahandsoforthnameltheAPAformatacotnmo打lyaccetedaergpyjy(pppformat抗rsocialsciencesresearchaccordingtoWikipediaonthebasisofwhich化e),translatorhascopedwiththeformatproblembystrictlyinaccordancewiththeformat.Case19 04年乂化巧究中国巧巧?分会论文巧译巧目报告广西大学宿译巧古単往论义21引言一、云南的巧境民族MR况—()250^仁)彝族二、云南跨资民族的姪济文化交流形式Translation:1?虹troduction2.AnOverviewofEhnicsinYunnantGroup2.1HanPeople2*2inPeople-3.EconomicandculturalexchangeformofcrossborderethnicrousinYunnangp",,虹theEnlishaertheIntroductionartiscommonlreardedasthe&stchatergpp,pygpofteaer.BesidesTheauthorchanedthefirstsecondandthirdlevelheadinsaccordinhp,,ggpgtotheAPAformatandmadethesecondlevelheadingsintheitalicfe?nn.Therealsoexistsatinybutnoteworthyoint;thetitlesofChineseaerarewrittenwithtwoblanksacesattheppppbeginning,whiletheEnglishtitlesarewrittenfromthestartofaline.Case2表一细籍学生在稱西臟倩况 ̄ ̄\数就读人数^学籍20002001200220032004200520062007小学1561541571581772292843巧中学1010101613233720合计166164167174190252321353Translation:10 广西大学巧巧硕女単往论义2014年东巧巧巧中麟困禄巧讨会论义宵译巧目化舍Table1EducationalSituationofBurmesestu化ntsatL胆icity\NumberEnrollmentSchoolrolK20002001200220032004200520062007Primary156154157158177229284333SchoolMiddleSchool1010101613233720TotalNumber166164167174190252321353InthiscasethetextintheChinesetableiswritenin化eFontSo打5and化eChinese,g,titleofthetableisutinthemiddleabovethetable.Butaccording化thePublicatio凸Manualp‘"2010化etextinthetablewithanAPAformatusesthefo凸tofNewTimesNorman12(),andthetabletitleisutatthebeinninofthelineabovethetable.pggCase3戴继诚,,《宗教与国家安全》,载《中国人民公安大学学报》(社会科学版)2007第4期,第1巧页。,Translation:""n'DaiJicheg(2007).ReligionandNationalSecurity.JoMrw幻/分妨如知6户併公fes?戶wMc灰cwr/味沉ocialSciencesEdition.4:1皆巧)()巧Thiscaseisthetranslationofb化liography.Theperiodicalsofthetranslationb化liographyshallbearrangedbasedo打theAPAformatasfollows:AuthorA,AuthorB,皮AuthorC.y999).Titleofarticle.TitleofPeriodical,(volume),pages,il-accordngt:oAinericanPscholoicalAssocation2010:2.iyg()InadditionastheAssociationindicatesiftheb化liorahyisabookthetitleofthej,,gpbookshalluseitalicfont,andlocationofpublicationandpublishershallbelistedsubsequently;Ifthebibliographyisanarticleofnewspapersorperiodicals,thetitleofthe11 ?广西乂学巧课巧女単化论文2014年东化研免中■国巧巧咐会论文巧巧巧目化告articleshallbewithindoubleuotationmarksandthetitleofthenewsaeroreriodicalqppp’打eednotIftheb化liorahis江webaeitssuestedthatouwritedownthenameof;gpypg,ggyw洗stt-theauthoreariteandthererievalime2010:310.,y,()3.2PoliticallysensitivewordsThemeaningofthepoliticallysens化ivewordsisincloserelationswithourstatesituationovernmentstandandmostimortantlwiththenationalinterests.Sowhen,p,,gytranslatingthesewordsthetranslatorshallutmucheffortsandwisdomintoitincasethat,p,theremayariseunnecessaryroblemsanddiscords.CarmenArdeleanemhasizesthatonpp,thelinguisticlevelbeingpoliticallcorrectcommonlrefersU)reservinamoderatejyypgatitduettinltlilsit-udeandresectfbrmaersreardcuureracereionornationaoverenpgg,,ggyon*notherwordsesseechandworkscannothurtothereoles2008:24.ifeeling,ppp()Case1非法跨境通婚势必引起黑人、黑户现象的增多,给户籍登记、人口普查、计划生育、一系列的管理工作带来很大的困难社会救济、民政救助、医疗等。Translation:Ieacross-rrtermarraestocausetecreaseofunresterellglbodeinigiboundhingidtlttin过ividualsandunregisteredhouseholdswhichbringsgreadificuies;oadministrationonhouseholdreistrationcensusfamillanningsocialreliefciv。rescuemedicaltreatmentg^,yp,,andthelike."’,",’The黑人黑户thesentencearerelatedwtteone-oinihhchildlicofChina,py,whichisconsideredasviolatio打ofhumanrightsbywesterners.So化etranslatorhas化take‘‘,n黑,thisitofoilconsideration.Inadditiontheinthissentencehasnorelationwiththe,""""化eralmeaningofblackortheconnotativemeaningofillealandifthetranslatorg,"巧translatesitintoillegalhouseholdscontroversiesofhumanrihtsabusewillarisebecause,g,*"thedidnotcommitanycrimes.Thereforeinsteadoftranslatintheminto节lackory,g12 广西大单巧译硕女单化论文2014年来化巧突中八国巧部时会说巧:巧巧巧白化食""(""‘,’illegal化6translatoradotsunreisteredersonneland^inreisteredhouseholds.This,pgpgwaytheo巧ective打essandreadabUityofthetranslationworkareincreasedCase2过去,云南沿边境地区乡镇中小学校的师资主要是靠8个边境州市和25个选境县市的师范学校或民族师范学校提供师资。()Translation:虹theast1;eachershereweremainlyfromthenormalschoolsandthenormalschoolsp,forethnicroupsinthe8borderc巧iesa打d25bordercounties.g""",,InChinawhenonesas民族hetends1:omean少数民族民族师范学校isthe,y,",'^’,,collegethatcultivating化achersofethicgroups.If民族istranslatedintonationalities,""""-ttItheEnglishispeakingeoplesw化feelbafledbecausenaionaliiesmeans多个民族?npjthiscaseambiuitarises.Becausethewouldmisunderstandthattherearecolleesfor,gyygonlyonenationality,andthatracialdiscriminationexistsinChina.Accuracyandrecisenessp’aresuggestedjforinformativetexttranslationbyPeterNewmarksTextCategoryTranslation"’,""Theory.There:forethetranslatorusesethnicgrousinsteadofnationalities.,pCase3在德宏边境地区一,些贫穷流动儿童就在麵甸当地的华人学校就读。送些华人学校得到了西方国家和台湾相关机构的大力支持。Translation;InDehongborderarea,somepoormigrantchildrenstudiedintheChineseschoolinBurma.TheseschoolsarelarelysuortedbyrelativeinstitutesofthewesterncountriesandgppTaiwan,China.T'aiwanisat!integralartofChina.TheissueofTaiwanisseriouslrelatedtoChinaspysovereigntyandterritorialinterityandithasalwasbeenthemoste巧entialandsens化iveg,y""tteSno-UReatons打dmteone-co打ebeweenhi.S.li.Aweadherefirly化hChinapoliy.13 广巧大单巧课巧古单化论义2014年义亚巧突中A巧巧研讨会论文巧译巧目报告,,,"‘TTherefore,whentranslating台截intoEnglish^thetranslatorshouldU化aiwan*China,"’,wwhichmeans中国台湾?Inthisway,eclearlystateourpo化icalstandandleavenoloopholeorobscurityfijrtheentitwithanulteriormotivetosearateChina.ypitcs3.3Technicaltermswhethniccharacteristi虹化esourcetext,化ereappearlotsofpropernames,such妝namesofminorities,uncommonlacesdocumentsoranizationsbooksandexoticfe巧ivalsmo巧ofwhicharep,,g,,withstrongethniccharacteristicsandhaveneverbeentranslatedintoEnglishbefore.Suchtermshavetheirspecialculturalconnotationsbutthetranslatorfeils化find化ecounterarts,pEnscreatn汪situato打funtranslatabilit.ieveoodtranslationworksthatinglihigioyToachg,representingreciseltheoriinalculturalinformationthetranslatorhas化elasticallutilizepyg,ythediferenttranslationmethods:trans化erationliteraltranslationfreetranslationand,^ttsseseZhuanFan2014-connoa:80ionutdb83.,ggyg()Case1""""彝族自称为罗罗。在越南、老挺居住着数千人彝族居民,当地人自称为傑傑。Translation:【"YipeoplecallthemselvesTLuoLuo,whilethousandsofYipeoplelivinginVietnam"巧",,""a凸dLaoscallthemselvesLoLoLuoLuoandLoLosharethesameronu打ciationin(pChinese,)",,"。Forthissentencetheauthoradoted化etnms化eration.InChina罗罗and傑傑,p,,havethesameronunciationbutdiferent仿nns.虹accordwithPe化rNewmarksTextp",’""C注teor了nmslatio打TheorItranslatedthemintoLuoLuoandLoLoaswellasmakey,gy,江connotation化exlainthematrachievinthesameefectonthetaretaudiencewhilepte,ggdoinnoharmtothemeaninofthesourcetextforthetranslationofinformativetextshouldgg,'^^observetheprincipleofauthenticityachievinthesameeffectsbetweenthesourcetext,gandthetargettext.14 广巧大单巧译硕古学位论义2014年乂化巧究中A国昧巧讨会论义颗课巧目报告Case2在老披,,俸族分别称为泰颊族、泰納族主要分布在老捉北部垄南省的赫醒、丰沙里省的赫乌、赫乌德。Translation:InLaosDaieolearedividedintoTailueeoleandTainaeolemainllivinin,pppppp,ygMengxinoftheaorthemLongnanprovinceaswellasMengwuandMengwudeofPhongsaligProvince,A‘lltheroernamesinthiscasehave凸oexistingoficialEnlishversionsexcet年沙gppp",’"里省whhhasnfoundtobetra打slatedasPho打aliProvinceinma打academicicbees,gy",,papersafteralongtimesearch.There仿re,theauthorusedthePhongsaliProvince."。",,",,","Whereasfortheotherro巧nameslike泰觀族泰納族垄南省励酵動乌,pp,,,‘,‘"and動乌德thearoachoftransliterationwasa过otedjasits过translatio打routineto,pppadopttransKterationfornames.Case3""""""在云南,如俸族的泼水节、景颇簇的目艦纵歌、苗族的踩花山节及大""王月节一理的等等,都是吸引跨境民族自动参与个好契机。Translation:’,In-Yunna扛Province,fe巧ivalssuchasDaisWaterSprinklingFestivalJinosMunao^gpuZonggeCarnivalafestivalwherealareamoxintofeoledancintoetherMiaos(gppgg),er-oeDanctFlowplingFestival(afe巧ivedaywhenpeopledancenear泣poledecoratedwihflowerstowor沈itheirance巧orsandwhenoungladsaycourt化theirbelovedonespyp),LunarMarchFestival(agrandgalaofBaipeoplefortradinginannuallunarMarch)inDaliortunesatractcross-rerarereatoititotbodethnicgroupstoarticiatespontaneously.gpppp*Whentranslatintheroernameswithminoritiescharacteristicsthetranslatorshouldgpp,firstobservetherincleofaccurac.Inotherwordsthetranslatorshouldadottheoficialp*y,pcorresondntransation化化existswhileifnotaccurateandconcisewordsshouldbeusedpigl,^15 ?■广巧乂掌巧译巧古案位论义2014年东化巧奶中/<^国巧巧咐会说义巧译巧目化合fbrthetranslation.Whenfacedwiththissente打cethetranslatorsearchesthebackground,""""""""informationof泼水节,目脑纵歌踩花山节and兰月节泼水节isafamous,festivalofDaipeolea打d化hastheexistingoficialcorresondingEnglishversion:pp",’Wa-F巧八terSrinklingestival目脑纵歌is江伤泣!wherealarenumberofJinoeolep;gppp",,dancing化gether;踩花山节isa拓stivedaywhenMiaopeopledancene泌泣poledecoratedwithflowers化worshtheirancestorsandwhenounMiaoladsacourt化theirbeloved电ygpyA",,ones;ndatlast,兰月节refers化agrandgalaofBaipeoplefortradinginannuallunarMarch.Accordintothecomimmicativetranslationthetranslatorcanusetheliteraltranslationg,methodfortheculturalexpressionswithdistinctivecharacteristics.Mostimportantly,connotationsaregivenrespectively,sothatthetargetaudiencecanunderstandtheculturalmeaningofthefestivals,eliminatingthemissingoftheimpliedinformation.Andthusreadabi化yofthetranslatio凸isenhanced.3.4CitationsThesourcetextcontainsmanyc巧ationsabouttheinformationofChineseminorities.AlotofuresanddataarencludedAsamatterofactiisasoannformatvetextwhosefigi.f,tlii,N^translationaccordintoPeterewmarksTextCateorTranslationTheorshouldconve,ggyy,ytheintactreferentialorconceptualmeaning.Whatcountsmostisthatthetargetlanguagemustbeconciseandaccurate.Nosuperfluouswordsshouldbeincluded.Case1"根据第6次全国人口普查结果,吉南苗族人口为120.3万人,占云南全省总人口’,的2.62%。Translation:'"According化Chinassixthnationwidecensus,Thereare1.203millionMiaopeoplein"'Yunaiijaccountingfor2.62%oftherovincesoulation.ppp61 广西大単巧译巧女学位论文2014年来化巧兜中A国巧巧巧会论文巧巧巧目巧L舍Case2"居住在泰国、麵甸、老扳北部原籍为云南的回族根据西方学者的统计,,大约为"、、。10万人。其中,泰国的清巧清莱南奔王府的回族,约有2万人Translation:"ccordntheatstcsofwesternscholarsabout0000eoeinnThailandAi化stii10llivig,,ppg,BurmaandthenorthofLaosareoriginallyHuipeopleofYunnanProvince,about20,000of'Ma"whomvenThailandsaniiRaiandLamhunliiChig,Chi沿gp.Case3云南有瑶族19万人,主要居住在红河、文山两个洲的南部。Translation:Thereare190,000YaopeoplelivinginYunnanprovince,mainlyinthesouthofHonheHanniandYiAutonomousPrefectureaswell泣sWenshanZhuangandMiaogAutonomousPrefecture,"Thetranslationofthesecasesstrictlyobservedtherindpleofaccuracyandp,’conciseness.Accurateandconciseinformationisconvincingmakinthestandointofthe,gpauthormoreowerful.Sointhecourseof化xtmaterialtranslationthetranslatorshallreceivep^andwritedowntheexactinformationdatalaceandtimealiketoavoidsomemistakes(,p),,ambigidtyorobscurity.17 广巧大学巧课硕古单往论文2014年乂化研究中A国巧巧钟会论义巧译巧目化告Chapt:er5ConclusionThistranslationroectthesourcetextofwhichisanacademicaeriscateorizedaspj,pp,g^aninformativetext.UndertheguidanceofPeterNewmarksTextCategoryTranslationTheory,thetranslatorchosethecommunicativetranslatio打strategyemhasizinonthe,pgaccuratetransmissionoftheoriginalmessagewithlogicauthenticitandconciseness.After,yundertakingalltheworkduringthethreetranslationphasesthetranslatormanaedtorender,gtheproectwithadeuateualitanddeliverit化theclientwithinthesubmissiondeadline.jqqyThewholeprocessoftheprojecttranslationistortuousandpainstaking,whileintheteFirstre-tcourselotsofvaluableexeriencehasbeenaccumulad.tofallinhepranslatio打,p,anasistheknowledeofthetextteformatlinuistic校aturesandthelikeofthely,gyp,,gChineseacademicpaperareacquired,andthediferencesbetweenChineseandEnglishacademicpapersarenotedandtakenintoconsiderationinthecourseoftranslation;Moreover,,—iivehabasuitabletranslationstrategyNewmarkscommuncattranslationstrategyseenfoundtouidetheacademicpapertranslationandthestyleoftheEnglishacademicpaperisg,determinedlastafter江lonsearchformanirefere凸CCSandthorouhreflectionsthe;At,gyg,translatorhasfoundfeas化lewaystohandlethefourtypicalproblemsofacademicpaper化anslatio打:academicpaperft)rmatpo化icallsensitivewords化chnicaltermswithethnic,y,characteristicsandchations.Noteworthily,owingthatmanyobstaclesanddifficultiesariseoutofthetranslationprocessthatcouldnHbesolvedalonethetranslatorwascomelledtosearchforassistanceb,pyallmeansthroughsxxrfingtheInternetorcontactingcapablepeople.Andinthiscoxirsethe,,ab。化esofthetranslatorhavebeenacuiredandimrovedincludinseekinrarelseeniqp,ggyinformation^makingdeepcommunicaticmonsophisticatedproblemslogically,putingabstractandobscuretranslationtheorintoalicationandsoforth.yppOnesaantaestattheuantitofthearalleworksfoundislimiteandthsmadidvgihypld,iqybeattttteanst-mtHtsttribuedoheinabiliofhtrl过toro化ekrarelseeninforaion.oweverhiyy,18 广西大单巧译巧古単位论义2014年义化巧巧中#<^困巧研分会论文巧译巧目化舍ca打江Iso巧fleetthattheKscarch0打roblemsofacademicaertranslatio打isscarceandthispppfieldwmains化bero化imdldeveloed.pypTheoa巧onetmccultures泣newearent.化emandstranslationfacademicppliifildtpsedfurtherdevelopmentfi)racademiccommunicatio。ismarkedlsinificantfi)rtheroressof,ygpgChineseethnicgroups报wellastheneighboringcountries.Thoughimperfectionremains,thetranslatorsincerelyhopesthatthee?q)eriencegainedfromthisproecttranslationcouldjserveasause扣ireferenceforothertranslators1:0conductthetranslationofthesameorsimilartexttype.19 广西大単巧译巧古单化论义2014年义化巧巧中A。巧巧咐会论文巧译巧百化告*B化Uogiahpy[。Ardelean^。2008.TheChallengeofPo化icalCorrectness虹theTranslationof""HSensitiveTexts阴.HAY^HHTPyHOBEHAPyCECKHflYHHBEPC肌ET(47):24口mericanPscholoicalAssociation.2010.PubUccUionmanualotheAmericm]AygfPsychologicalAssociation(6therf.^[N]-WashingtonD.C.,t2014lFoPZB3RamkhamhaenUniversi..Calraers,ankok.[]gyp[]g…Newmark^P.2001.^Tfexf分伽0。[M].Shanghai:ShanghaiForeignLanguageEducation.Newmara化次妨化巧*Mn口]rk,R2001?冷巧。舶/。执w[].Shaghai:ShanghaiForeig打LanguageEducation.6C.1991.TextjinafysesinTranslation.ITieor,ethodologyidactic]yM,andD['-orqaMw/c/brrra/w/adort/cwtei/Amsterdam:Rx)doL/yp7Savory,T.1968.TheArtoTranslationM.London:Cae.[]f[\phtt://en-wikiedia.or/wiki/APAstle[引ppg_y削刘茲化1998.文体与翻译[M].北京冲国对外翻译出版公司.[10]刘亚猛.2004?风物长宜放眼量;西方学术文化与中国学术翻译阴.中国翻译01):44^8.12021)1麦红宇.1?.;[],关烙珍广西民俗文化词英译案例评析阴广西民族大学学报(-96與.12.2013.孙周兴.学术翻译的几个原则阴中国翻译(4);72[]13王银泉,任方?2009.论文本类型理论对翻译实践的导示意义阴?Crazlish[]yEngTeachers101-125;24.()14周化2013?学术论文规范问题研究综述町文化学刊4:58.[]()--15庄帆.2014.从己斯特奈文化翻译理论看民俗文化的英译[]W福建省民俗文化紋英翻译为例内-.凯里学院学报(4):8083.20 广西大学翻巧硕古学位论文2014年东化巧免中'义国巧研讨会论文翻译巧目报吿Appen过ixISourceText东盟10巧合作框架下中国西南跨境民族与周边的文化交流、挑战及对策—W云南跨境民族为例广西大学林志亮巧要:东盟10巧合作框架下各国人员跨境流动更加频繁,文化交流与合作更加紧密,由于中国西南边疆与东南亚各国存在着很多跨境民族,这些跨境民族与周边国家的相同民族存在着千丝万缕的联系,其文化交流非常頻繁,因此,跨境民族与周边的文化交流也面临着各种挑战。这些挑战分别来自宗教、文化、教育与国家安全等领域。对跨境民族与周迪的文化交流进行深入研究有助于更好地推动中国与东盟国家间的文化交流合作,有助于维护国家安全。+3关键词:东盟10民族文化交流挑战对策;搗境;;;引言一0+32003东盟中日韩(1)文化部长会议自年启动W来,10巧文化合作从无到有,在各国政。经过11年的发展0巧府的大力支持和共同努力下迅速发展,1文化合作己步入快车道,进入深化。深化人文交流发展的关键阶段,打造区域文化合作是东盟与中日韩各国政府现阶段致力于推动的。巧文化合作工作在东盟框架下,中国与东盟国家之间的文化交流既面临着机遇也面临着挑战,其与周边的文化交流是值得重点研究的课题。中,中国跨境民族中国西南边境与东南亚间的跨境民族是在历史上中国与东南亚各国家的边界变迁及当地民族不断迂徙发展而形成的,因此,该地区的跨境民族既对各自所居住的国家保持认同,也对他们的故止保持着某种形式的认同,跨境民族也就成了联系中国与,并与邻国相同的民族保持着密切的联系东南亚各国家的纽带。云南地处中国西南大通道的咽喉地带,是中国通向东南亚和南亚的重要陆地要道。云南与东南亚的铜甸、越南和老抵接壤。云南与周边国家的陆地边界长法4061公里,其中中铜边界1997公里,5007107、、中老边界公里,中越边界公里。云南有11个县市,其中27个县市与周边国家接壤。一2620云南又是个多民族的省份,共有个民族,其中有个民族跨云南与周边邻国而居。这些^跨境民族对云南乃至中国周边的和谐与稳定,起着十分重要的作用。因此,本文作者将云南的跨1^10+3境民族作为研究对象,探讨东盟合作框架下跨境民族与周边的文化交流、挑战与对策。=、云南的跨境民族组成巧况所谓的跨境民族,指的是分别在两个或两个W上的国家里长期居住,但又保留了原来共同的某一民族的认同感的民族些民族特色,彼此有着同。他们虽然长期分居于不同国家,受当地主体民族或其他民族的不同影响,在语言、服饰、物质文化与精神文化等各方面有了不同程度的变化,但是在他们传统文化的底层,W及日常生活的深处,与原来的民族传统是有着千丝万缕的关系。本文所""一指的跨境民族涵盖了亲缘民族,即中国的些民族与周边国家的民族具有共同的族缘关系,语言、宗教和生活习俗等基本相同或相似。云南主要的跨境民族的組成及分布按人口数量排列如下:21 广西太単曲巧巧Hr#化论义2014年东化巧巧中A国巧部时会论义巧巧巧目化告一(;)汉族"、6口在云南,汉族是26个民族中人数最多分布最广的民族。根据第次人普査的结果,云"3066.63%南汉族人日为说.9万人,占总人曰的。与云南边境接壤的越南、老敍、铜甸等国家,居住着不少汉族华人,比如铜甸的果敢族就是汉族居民。仁:>彝族""根据第6次全国人口普查结果,云南省内彝族人口为502.8万,占云南省总人口的10.07%。■彝族是云南省人数最多的少数民族。主要居住在楚雄洲、红河洲。在云南5个地、洲分布着人数不等的彝族,并且16个县、市居住着上万人的彝族居民。""""彝族自称为罗罗。在越南、老扮居住着数千人彝族居民,当地人自称为保保。(云)哈尼族""根据第6次全国人口普查结果,云南省内哈尼族人口为163万人,占全省总人口的3.55%。2主要集中在元江和滿沧江下游之间的地区,W元江、墨江、红河、元阳等县分布较广。6哈尼族在细甸,,、越南、老扮、泰国有分支。中国境外的哈尼族在细甸数量最多为万人大""部分集中在东禅邦高族。越南的哈巧族大约1万人,集中在越、中、老三国交界的,他们称为一2万多人""越南侧地区。泰国有哈尼族,居住在清莱府。老敍有哈尼族1万人,称为卡果,主要居住在丰沙里、滾南塔、乌多姆塞等H个省。(四)俸族"云南省內俸族人"3根据第6次全国人口普査结果,口为口2.2万人,占全省总人口2.66%。云南的俸族主要居住在云南西南跨境地区的弧形地带,在西双版纳俸族自治洲、德宏俸族景颇自治洲等地人数较多。"傢族与分布于泰国、衝甸、老姑诸国的遅、挣、老等肪彼此都有着共同的族属渊觀在古''''''挣,代汉文史籍中常常被统称为又与华南壮個各族合称为越,故挣懷各族与古代百越,"4亦有着共同的族属渊源。""""8日在细甸,样族自称为俸,占麵甸总人口的.%,人口为420万(2003年统计)。为了区"""分各地的挣族,细甸把族名和地名连接起来加W称呼,比如俸卯、俸腊戌、俸痕等。由于历史上长期较为密切的联系和交往,挣族无论在生产方式上,还是在宗教生活习俗上都受麵族影响,禅族95%W上的人口信仰佛教。他们的经济生活W农业为主,也有少数人兼营手工业或小本经营的商业"。小手工业可W生产农具、家庭用品、装饰品、布匹、炊其,还编席子、织埼包、造纸、染线5""""俸族有亲属渊源关系。在泰国中小学历史教科书中泰国的泰族与云南的,正式承认中""""国南方的少数民族俸族等往中南半岛迁徙,变成了今天的泰族。泰族是泰国的主体民族,占全国人口的40%。在老披,俸族分别称为泰勸族、泰袖族,主要分布在老抱北部垄南省的劫醒、丰沙里省的勤乌、励乌德。(五)壮族壮族是中国人曰最多的少数民族,在中国的广西、云南、贵洲、广东和湖南均有分布,其中,一广西的壮族最多6次全国人口普査,云121万人,大部分居住在文山县。根据第南的壮族有带。'htt..1p://wwwstatsgov.cn/tb/rkcb/dfikcb/t2020228402804344.htmjgpgpg_2ht://www.state.ov.cn/b/rkc/dfrl)cb/t20120228344.htmtpg6gp班qg—4028043ht....p://wwwstatsgovcn/6gb/rkpc班/dfrkpc班/t20120228402804344htm—■4袁琳斯《俸族》-,巧疆美术摄影出版化,2010年3月,第2页。15?巧圣达、《列国志》李晨化细甸,社科文献出版社,2010年8月第3肪第巧页。22 广西大単巧淨项古■义2014年东化巧巧中A旧巧部讨会化文巧译巧目化?中国的壮族与泰国的泰族、老掛的巧龙族、越南的依族、麵甸的挣族在文化上有很多相同之处,一属于同族缘的民族。(六)織""6,云20.3万人,2根据第次全国人曰普查结果南苗族人曰为1占云南全省总人口的.62%。6云南的苗族分布在87个县、市。文山洲的苗族人口最多,其次为红河洲和昭通地区。"越南称苗族为赫蒙族,有41.1万人,分布在越南北方W封±、莫边府、高原、黄狩皮、顺,洲等地较为集中。老敍有苗族20万人,居住在北部,W川扩、丰沙里、桑怒、会晒、滾勃拉邦等1地人为最多。苗族在细甸有万人,主要集中在萨尔温江上游两岸山区,W果敢地区最为集中。泰7"国有苗族7万人,80%的人日集中在清迈、清莱、达、黎、碧差没等5府。化)回族"61根据第次全国人口普査的结果,云南回族人口为朗.8万人,占全省总人口的.52%。回族在吉南居住比较分散,大都住在城镇和交通沿线。云南回族人口上万的甚有口个,红河洲和西双版纳洲等都有回族人居住。"1根据西方学者的统计,居住在泰国,0万、铜甸、老姑北部原籍为云南的回族大约为人。"9其中,泰国的清迈、清莱、南奔兰府的回换约有2万人。(八)巧便族"云南傑傑族人""根据全国第6次人日普査的结果,口为66.8万人,占总人口的1.45%。主要集中居住在怒江洲,在丽江、迪庆、大理、保山等地洲也有不少傑傑人。一麵甸和泰国存在定的巧傑人。铜甸有4万傑保人,大都居住在挣邦和克钦邦。泰国有1.5万傑傑人,主要居住在清迈、清莱、夜丰颂等H府。化)拉巧族"11'根据全国人日第6次普查的结果,云南拉巧族人曰为47.5万人,占总人口的1.03V。拉巧族主要居住在云南的欄沧县和孟连县-。""3在铜甸,拉枯族被称为么舍,居住在挣邦东部万人,。泰国有拉巧族W清迈府居住最为4000集中,。在清莱、夜丰颂、达府等地也有分布。越南有拉枯族人分布在中国边境地区。老掛有拉巧族2000人,居住在巧南塔省。(千)侃巧云南省的低族大约有38万人,分布在临江、思矛地区的西南部,W西盟、沧源两县最为集中。""""他们自称为化或阿巧。细甸有巧族8万人,大部分居住在挣邦1.2万。泰国有低族人,分布在清迈、夜丰颂、达府等地。老捉北部也有不少巧族人。 ̄(i)巧族"瑶"云南有瑶族19万人,主要居住在红河、文山两个洲的南部。他们自称为。一34万人,分布在越南的西北部。老抵有瑶族2万人,主要住在中老、老越边界带越南有瑶族。细甸有=瑶族存在,主要分布在金角、铜泰边境、样邦等地。6ht....t://wwwstatsovcn/b/rkcb/dfrlcb/t20120228402804344htmpg6gpgqpg—■7二届中国与东南亚民族论坛论文方铁、:,惊南境内外跨境民族的分布来源及其特点》载《第集》,民族出版化20070月版0。年,第11页1*htt.p://wwwstats.gov.cn/tjgb/rlq)cgb/dfrlq)cgb/t20120228402804344.htm_""9德鲁???《[英]安DW宮布斯,泰国北部的云南籍华又穆斯林,载民族译A》,1988年第4巧。…ht//www.stats.ov.cn/t/rkAlfikcb/t20口0228402804344.htmp:gj班p姆pg_11htp://www.stats.ov.cn/b/rkcb/dfikcb/t20口的28402804344.htmg甘gpgpg_23 ?年东化巧化中W国巧研巧会论义巧巧巧目化々?广巧大単巧巧项女掌tt论文2014(千二)景繼云南的景颇族主要居住在德宏洲,在晚川、盈江、瑞丽、梁河、腕町等地比较集中。他们自称""""为景颇或载瓦。根据2000年的统计,景颇族现有13万人曰。美丽的景颇族山区矿产资源"",丰富,动植物资源丰富多彩被称为孔雀之乡。"",,,56万人口在细甸和印度分布着景颇族。在细甸景颇族被称为克钦有。主要分布在克钦邦、挣邦北部,临近中国和印度边界地区,也有少量分布。在印乾景颇族被称为新福。(十吉)布朗族6,10万人,根据第次全国人口普查布朗族在云南为。他们居住吉南各地每个地方自称都不-样。居住在云南的施甸、保山、昌宁、德各县的自称为蒲人、蒲曼、花蒲曼、满集居住在镇一康、景东县的自称为乌,居住在墨江、双江和云县带自称为阿娃、依娃,居住在满沧江的自称为翁拱,居住在西双版纳的自称为波朗、波己朗等。一布朗族在中国、细甸和老抵S国居住。在细甸的低族的分支和拉族与布朗族同缘,属于同民族。根据统计,细甸的拉族为3万人,分布在景栋的中细边境地区。(十四)阿昌族26在云南个民族中,阿昌族人口为3万多,主要居住在云南德宏洲的晚川和梁河两甚。阿昌一族的先民很早就居住在金沙江,部分阿昌人迁移到怒江西岸,接着继、怒江和滿沧江流域。后来续向南迂移13世纪定居今天的位置。。约在""在细甸,4,,阿昌族被称为达迈族人口约万多人主要分布在克钦邦的密支那、八莫、挣邦的南坎、景栋等。(十五)怒族云南有怒族""3万人,主要居住在碧江、福贡、贡山等王甚。他们自称为怒。麵甸有怒族1万人,居住在与中国、印度邮邻的地区。(千六)巧扇族"云南有德昂族1.770%。德万人,主要居住在西南部边境地区,分布在德宏洲各县他们自称为"""昂或鲁远。""在细甸,德昂族被称为崩龙族,有24万人,主要分布在克钦邦和挣邦。(十巧織""""云南有独巧族6千人左右,主要居住在贡山县。他们自称为独龙或悚。细甸有该族口一00人,居住在恩梅开江上游带。(十八)克木人,在云南,克木人今3000人分布在西双版纳洲的動腊和景洪两县。克木族在中南半岛分布比较广泛,大约有50万人。老抱克木人有32方人,居住在西北部山区0万,。泰国的克木人有1人分布在北部山区。越南有克木人近2万人,居住在莱洲、山罗、清化、义安等省。(千九)拉基人2000,在舌南的马关县居住着约人拉基人划归于布依族。越南的拉基人主要分布在靠近中国一带边境地区的兴口县、黄树皮县和北光县。四、云南巧巧民巧的经巧文化交流形式去南跨境民族大都与周边国家的民族邮邻而居,有着悠久的文化交流传统。通过这种文化交流,强化了彼此的文化认同、民族认同,成为和谐周边建设中的文化实践活动的重要组成部分。24 广西大単翻巧硕古学位论义2014年东化研免中/义国际研讨会论文翻i牽巧目报吿"根据语言系属划分云南跨境民族分为藏细语族、壮個语族、孟高棉语族和苗瑶语族。除了,苗族、瑶族迁入较晚外,H大族系都是有数千年历史的±著民族。H大族系在分化、组合、再分化、再组合的过程中彼此间还有吸收、同化、形成各民族你中有我融合的主动与被动关系,我中有,,"云南跨境你的整体格局。民族的形成与发展,构成了云南与周边地区多民族、多文化汇聚地区,为相互间开展文化交流奠定了天然的基础。东盟1〇巧文化合作框架大大地促进了运种文化交流。吉南跨境民族的社会人文交流有W下几种形式。一()边民互市一由于地理,跨境民族的交流的重要载体之、历史等原因就是边民互市。所谓边民,就是指跨一境民族,。;所谓互市就是指双方定期到对方指定的地点进行商贸活动般说来,中国政府对互市一的商品进行减免税收的政策。,但是有定的金额限制原则上,互市的商品都是自产自销、自购自用。2008年财政部、海关总署日前联合签发《关于促进边境贸易发展有关财税政策的通知》(财关税[200引90号)。,推出系列财税、投资优惠措施,促进边境地区经济贸易发展《通知》规定,泣民通过互市贸易进口的生活用品,每人每日价值在人民币8000元W下的,免征进口关税和进口环节税。随着中国对外开放的力度加大,特别是中国对周边地区经济福射效应日渐明显,互市的规模越来越大,并已经成为边境贸易的重要组成部分。由于边民互市经常性的特点一,跨境民族可W通过这活动,增进彼此交往,拉近彼此感情,成为文化交流的物质基础。根据国情调研组的调查,2011年,瑞丽口岸完成进出口额达到107亿人民币,同比增长37.9%;进出口货物135万顿,同比増长21.2%;出入境人流量1千多万人次同比増长19.52%。,边民,其中互市扮演着十分重要的角色。瑞丽市边民互市交易市场面积为106亩,建筑面积化300平方米,投资3000多万元。现在云一南瑞丽把边民互市作为项重要的边境日常文化交流活动来抓,促进和谐周边的建设。仁)跨境民族节日庆典"跨境民族传统节日丰富多彩。民族节日庆典是跨境民族开展文化交流活动的重要平台。由于是同一一民族跨国境而居,他们彼此之间的联系十分密切,并存在着婚姻和亲戚关系,,因此方有一一庆典、婚丧、节日等活动,另方都要参加,尤其是节日期间给各跨境民族提供了,,个良好的"13。。交易机会有些节日虽为某个民族所特有,但届时其他民族也纷纷参加在""""""云南,如俸族的泼水节、景颇族的目脑纵歌、苗族的踩花山节W及大理的H月一一。在民族节日期间节等等,都是吸引跨境民族自动参与个好契机,各个民族就象个大家庭,一大家穿着节日的盛装一,开始大联欢活动,把文化认同推向了个高潮,文。在地区体化的背景下化节日往往与经贸展览结合在一起,使文化交流更具有吸引力和持久力。2012中国德宏瑞丽泼水节暨首届红木文化节,注重特色产业和民族文化的融合,实现节庆品10巧牌和城市品牌,产业区域品牌的良性互动,提升了瑞丽的城市形象魅力和国际亲和力合。东盟作的深入发展将大大増加民族间的文化认同。(3)跨境民族基础教育交流一代的价值跨境民族基础教育的交流是跨境民族文化交流的重要组成部分,它关乎跨境民族下观形成与培养问题,对于今后边疆地区的和谐、稳定,具有十分重要的现实意义。12谷禾、谭庆莉,《云南跨境民族多元历史文化与身份认同》,《云南民族大学学报》(哲学社会科学版),2009年第1期。,第60页U刘稚,《论跨境民族与云南的对外开放》,《民族研究》,1992年第5期。25 广西大#巧诗句T古单化论义2014年东化巧巧中A。巧巧讨含论义巧译巧目化含2000年W前,云南跨境民族的中国籍学生向境外流失的现象。比如在细甸边境,当地攻府为了一发展经济和培养人才的需要,出台了系列优惠的教育政策,吸引了云南边境贫穷的JLS在细甸上一些贫穷流动儿童就在细甸当地的华人学校就读学。在德宏边境地区,。这些华人学校得到T西方国家和台湾相关机构的大力支持。他们给径些细甸华人学校免费送书、送文具和衣被,并提供生活补助,将边民吸引过去。2000年,该种趋势得到了改变。比如在云南的盈江昼,有%名中国籍学生去麵甸读书,但20071年,就降到2人。2000年Siil后,细甸籍的学生开始大量涌入到云南边墳中国境内就读。2007年,细籍学生在徳宏中小学就读的情况如下:游西市巧3人,晚町经济开发区巧人,瑞丽市210人,盈江232人,晚川66----人。同根据调査分析,麵籍学生在年龄上,36岁儿童占4.5%;712岁占33%1315岁占化7%1719;;-6.1%20254.3%74.%16.%岁占1;,3,4.5%,4,;岁占从就读的年龄来看小学占初中占幼儿园占高中占"3.2%,大专占1.7%。从如00年到2007年,细籍学生在中国境内就读整体来说,呈现増长的态势。W巧西市为例,2000年细甸边境学生的就读人数为166人,2004年为190人I2007年为巧3人,8年间递増了化7人。^巧籍学生在巧西臟情化 ̄ ̄数就读人数^I学籍2000I2001200220032004200520062007小学156154巧71關177229284133 ̄中学1010101613233720合计m^mm912资料来源:贺圣达、王±录主编《铜甸局势新发展与滨细经济合作》,云南人民出版社,200年月。",跨境就读的细籍学生,70.%.通过对徳宏5个县、市的调査发现2为华人;俸族占巧3%;景1S"一5.5%5.5%.%。上述细籍在云南境内各地分布也不颇族占;傑保族占,其他为回族和侃族占11样。中国籍的学生赴细甸读书主要是家庭贫困原因,而细籍学生到中国就读主要原因是学习中文和中国文化,然后是学习更多知识,最好是中国教育质里更好,见表二。表二巧甸籍中国巧读的測辛^频次^'^学习中文(文化1347)自己是中国人或华人'学习更多知识88建设家乡、祖国6 ̄中国教育质量好4^父母让自己读6 ̄因父母在中国经商、打工43进修4 ̄就亲战乱4’举家搬迁巧到中国出家3 ̄’将来找工作14其他6家庭所在没有学校9II:《细资料来源贺圣达、王±录主编甸局势新发展与滨细经济合作》,云南人民出版化,20峭年口M参见《中国云南边巧教育向周边呈国箱射的战略研究》课題組的调査结果。U贺圣达、王±录主编《巧甸局势新炭展与巧细经济合作》,云南人民出版也2009年12月,第撕5页。说 广西大掌颗课硕古掌化论文2014年东化巧巧中/义国标研讨会论义翻巧巧目报告月。(四)跨境民族就业随着中国经济的发展,对廉价劳动力的需求与日俱増。特别是中国最近几年,中国人的工资上一一涨,这给跨境民族提供了,迫切需要些廉价的劳动力个很好的机会,使他们来中国就业。。根据国情调研纽在瑞丽的调研,有不少细甸籍的跨境民族居民来瑞丽就业送些人大部分从事一一、方面他们在瑞丽就业没有什么语言障碍运输、仓储、建筑、贸易服务等行业。,另方面他们一在瑞丽有些亲戚或朋友关系,比较容易立住脚。、由于跨境民族拥有共同族缘语缘,跨境民族在开展文化交流时,其过程、亲缘和文缘等关系一一。方更加自然,并且容易更加包容彼此如果方所在国家的社会、经济更加发达,则与另、持久所在的国家形成文化势差一,则强势方的文化软势力很容易影响或改变对方。因此,自然和持久的跨境民族的文化交流,能够营造和谐的边境气氛,促进边境地区长期稳定和持续繁荣。根据国情狙的调研,瑞丽市政府的积极主动塑造中细边境的和谐交流气氛,为和谐边疆打下了良好的基础。但不可否认,由于跨境民族所在地区差异比巧大,各地经济发展水平参差不齐,因此不免存在各种各样的挑战。五、跨境民族与周边文化交流中的挑战云南跨境民族所在地区大都是中国老、少、边、穷地区,许多地区处于崇山峻岭之中,交通欠发达。而与云南跨境民族相邻或化邻的地区大都属于东南亚、南亚欠发达地区,许多国家正处在政一治转型时期些发展中的挑战。,各种社会矛盾集中爆发,容易给吉南与周边地区带来一涉及的送些挑战,主要是与非传统安全问题有关。方面这些问题的产生是地区发展的问题带一方面一来的另,些问题的产生与西方发达国家围堵中国的战略有关。;―口流动问题()跨境民族非法人。在古代,跨境民族大流动成为迂徙文化重要组成部分,也成为跨境民族生生不息的重要源泉,出,迁徙文化受到了某种程度的制约但人类走入现代社会现民族国家后。该种制约源于民族国家一一个社会问题的法律制度。因此跨境民族的人口非法流动,本质上来讲是个法律问题,同时也是,一具有定的普遍性,解决起来比较棘手。1、、地理历史原因一一云南拥有13类口岸7口岸、还有许许多多的边民临个国家。二类曰岸外,个二类除国家,时入出境通道(根据云南省商务厅曰岸办统计,目前边境线上有90个边民互市通道和103个边贸互市点。)小道和便道就更是不计其数口流动问题具有历,加上跨境民族地区的人史性舌南边境由于地缘、形态特殊、群众性、民族性的特点,历史W来,边境地区双方边民往来就十分密切和频繁,。新中国成立后尽管所在国家所选择的制度有别,但国境线两侧的边民国家观念和国界意识淡薄,长久W来已形成的探亲访友、通婚互市、过耕放牧、拜佛朝庙、节日聚会等传统交往从未间断过。根据调査一块界碑作为中细两国的分界一,在瑞丽的银井,村子中间仅塑有,出现了寨两国、一一一、河两国等奇特现象。方面、互井两国,跨境民族之间出入境探亲访友、通婚市来往极为频一方面繁在促进边境地区经济社会发展的同时,也造成非法出入境现象屡禁不绝:另,边境地区,,边民国界意识经济文化发展相对落后、法制观念较为淡薄,持证出入境意识不强,从客观上造成非法出入境问题突出。进入上世纪90,云、快进快出的局面年代W后南出入境呈现大进大出,出入境管理也伴随着国27 广西大掌巧课硕女単化论文2014年东化巧免中j义国巧研i寸会论文翻译巧目报告,但边民出入境真正纳入有效管理的却只是少部分家改革开放的发展、法律制度的进步而不断发展。仅2009年1月至10月云南省口岸出入境人员就达14581万人次,同比増长95%;出入境交通工具226.6万辆(艘、架、列)次,同比增长39.6%。据统计,2007年W来,云南边境地区公安机关每年签发出一入境通行证数量约20万本,对8万人次的境外边民实施有效管理。运数据,显然尚不包括境内外边民之间的跨界流动和各种类型的非法出入境人员,如果加上后两类,实际人数还要更多。2、经济因素跨境民族地区的人口流动往来最常见的就是经济往来,其中又W出入境进行互市贸易为最多,其次为季节性的帮工、雇佣、积肥和互济借贷。客观上近年,还有过耕、砍伐、引水、放牧、捕鱼来随边境沿线地区我方一侧经济发展、社会进步所形成的吸引力,造成境外边民为了解决生存和解、决温饱问题,认为只有到了中国才有吃饭才有出路、,因此在边境地区,滞留了大量非法入境非法居留一、非法就业(W下简称H非人员)的境外边民,这类H非人员主要是乞丐和些靠从事简单劳一动来维持生活的居多,。根据在实地调查中所了解到的情况,在云南各边境州市几乎都有定数量、5。的H非人员存在,尤W保山普巧、西双版纳、德宏、临沧州市境内较多3、跨国通婚一一。近年来跨境民族在传统上,相互通婚比较普遍,并成为种习俗,方面由于云南经济发展相对滞后,特别是山区有相当部分边民生活比较贫困许多青年妇女离开家乡去经济发达地区打工,,一方面许多边民在境内结婚成家比较困难,由于与云南接壤的越南、老拙、细甸互国因社会经;另、社会政治不稳定等多方原因济贫困落后,许多邻国妇女甚至男子都愿嫁入我国,致使许多边民,-与外籍人员通婚并定居境内,,细23,。据统计在徳宏边境地区甸籍妇女就达到万人她们绝大部分在中国境内安居乐业、休养生子。另外在保山市因通婚居留我国境内的邻国人员达2702人,其中653办理合法证件的仅有人,占总数的24%。非法跨境通婚势必引起黑人、黑户现象的增多,给户籍登巧、人口普查、计划生育、社会救济、一、民政救助医疗等系列的管理工作带来很大的困难,。在计划生育方面涉外婚姻多为非法同居而形成的事实婚姻-因此存在着无证生育、跨国躲生等违反计划生育政策的现象。按照中国出入境相关法律法规,应将非法居留人员予W处罚并遺送出境,但因通婚非法居留人员大部分已生儿育女并融入当地生活,,如将其强行遣送将对其家庭造成破坏,可能激发込些人员家庭及部分群众对政府,形成新的社会热点问题及公安机关的不满,甚至造成群体性事件。4、非法迁居由于云南边境跨境民族地区绝大多数是贫困山区,这些地区的边民连最基本的温饱问题都未得到解决,生活十分贫困,邻国相对优厚的条件引发了少数民族的大规模移居国外。例如,缩甸的民族地方势力巧邦在与洒甸政府达成和平协议后,制定了迁移10万人到泰麵边境励阮、岩城等地定居的南迁计划一,提供发放粮食、安置费、生产生活用具、解决住房、小孩免费入学等系列优惠政策,、吸引我国大量边民参加。据不完全统计,仅立南滿沧、西盟孟连兰县就有偏族、拉巧族、哈尼族边民共巧9户28323、人迁移到铜甸偏邦辖区定居。另外,铜甸果敢地区发生冲突后,铜甸近万跨境民族涌入中国云南边境,其中绝大多数都是非法迁居到细甸果敢的我国边民。二()跨境民族的民族认同与教育问题+3东盟10合作框架下,由于人员流动频繁,跨境交流日益增多,跨境民族的身份认同问题也。W细甸为例2011面临挑战,年,经过大选后的细甸新政府在西方的压力下,通过许多迎合西方的民主化措施。这些措施包括释放政治犯,解禁媒体审査制度,特别是解除了对包括美国之音、英国Y一一"广播公司W及视频网站ouTube等若干境外新闻网站的长期封锁。这样来,西方些挑动中细"的言论就可W自由进入细甸一一关系,使得些不明真相的民众对中国产生了些误解。这些误解或28 广西大学顆译硕女学位论义2014年东化研究中V义国际研巧会论义巧译巧目报告许通过细甸的跨境民族影响到云南境内的跨境民族。另外,在民主转型中,绝大部分铜甸少数民族参与到政治和解进程中。2010年大选中,多个少数民族政党参选并在中央及地方议会中获得议席,议会选举挣族人赛貌康为副总统,少数民族在各一级议会中获得了定的发言权,初步改变了军人政府时期各少数民族难W参政的局面。新政府希望一。W此推动国家和解,实现民族团结而细甸送些少数民族部分是处于中细边境的跨境民族,在和解的背景下,细甸,这些强化了跨境民族在细甸的国家认同和文化身份认同。同时中央政府许多优一惠政策推行,对细甸境内的跨境民族地区发展具有极大的吸引力,这对吉南跨境民族是个新的考验。一一此外。跨境高等教育的,教育也是影响个国家价值观和意识形态方面重要的手段和方式之、提供者通常处在国际教育体系的中也、次中必或边缘的中屯,往往利用自己在高等教育领域中的主、、导地位,扩大对跨境高等教育接受国的政治文化价值领域的精神渗透,从而让接受国的文化成一为附庸。,甚至消失。跨境高等教育的输出是西方发达国家文化输出的种重要方式他们凭借在跨境高等教育中处于文化优势的地位,在客观上为后发国家提供了文化范式。从某种意义上说,跨境一高等教育输出是西方国家外交途径的补充和政治的延续,目的之是不断传播和灌输西方国家的政治价值观和意识形态,实施软权利侵略的文化扩张和文化霸权主文云南的跨境民族中,布朗族、拉巧族、低族、懐傑族等贫困人口占总人口的70%^上,独龙族高达90%W上。云南沿边跨境民族地区既是贫困人口较为集中、贫困程度较深、扶贫难度较大的地区又是政治、民族、,宗教、生态等方面非常敏感的地区。由于云南沿边境跨境民族聚集区多数为贫困山区,山高坡陡,,交通闭塞许多跨境民族不通汉语,对全国各,大多数民族群众没有走出过世代生活的大山,他们对云南内地的了解是十分有限的地的认识是陌生的,。。因此跨境民族家庭对孩子的教育或影响是缺乏国家观念的他们只能从沿边境地区或到周边国家的所见所闻来影响自己的孩子,因此,跨境民族学生对国家的认同或中国文化的认同是脆弱的,外部环境往往会改变他们的看法和判断。虽然改革开放打开了内地与边境地区交往的宽度,内地移民向边境地区的转移,在某种程度上拉近了边境地区与内地的距离。但是,周边国家对跨境民族的影响也随着向外开放的深度有所加强边境地区的情况变得异常复杂。各种宗教,组织和非政府组织往往装扮成慈善者的身份来影响跨境民族及其他们的孩子摧毁跨境民族孩子,模糊的国家观念。因此边境地区的跨境民族教育是固守中国文化价值观教育或者文化安全教育的,一则成为跨境民族学生认识祖国。重要环节,培养国家意识最主要的场所在这样,学校教育个绝对贫困的边境地区,跨境民族的贫困现状直接影响了跨境民族教育发展和边疆的社会稳定。特别是在经济全球化背景下民族主文的兴起使吉南边境沿线跨境民族在文化价值观的判断上发生偏,新,离。由于跨境民族地区的基础教育与云南内地的基础教育条件的巨大落差,使跨境民族对国家的认同出现疑惑。基础教育的不公平性使他们放弃选择本国教育文化的权利,开始关注邻国教育的优惠。虽然邻国的经济发展远不及中国政策,但邻国政府对边境地区的教育政策比我方优惠,这就促,一使部分跨境民族把子女送到邻国接受基础教育。有的学龄儿童也随父母到邻国打工。,就近入学由于生活窘困。,沿远境地区跨境民族因无力支付孩子的学费或学杂费而綴学跨境民族孩子过早地离开学校。,有的跨境民族孩子被父母送到邻国寺院从事佛教学习他们对国家的爱国主义或国家意识尚未形成一,过早地受境外的宗教影响和敌对势力的利用,部分孩子开始从事跨境非法走私活动。,并逐渐发展成为跨国毒品走私活动和其他跨国犯罪活动一20世纪90年代末W来,云南省周边国家和地区相继出台实施了系列边民优惠政策,这些边民优惠政策对我方跨境民族产生了巨大影响,导致边境地区不稳定因素増加。在云南沿边境地区,90后的跨境民族学生并没有从改革开放中获得实惠,因此,在跨境民族中,对民族的认同超过了29 广西大单巧巧硕古单化论文2014年东化巧免中'义国称研i寸会论文巧课巧目化吿对国家的认同对地缘文化的认同胜过对中国文化的认同。.(H)宗教渗透问活."一宗教是意识形态的重要组成部分,也是文化因素的核也,具有教强的渗透力。它既是种重要的信仰资源,也是凝聚巨大现实力量的社会现象,。在特殊条件下宗教可W成为维护国家安全的有效载体"K,也可被用作危害国家安全的重要工具。所谓宗教渗透就是指境外敌对势力,W宗教为工具,试图干涉中国的宗教事务,发展教徒或建立宗教组织;在中国境内连反中国的法律、制度,试图颠覆社会主义的价值体系,达到西化的目的。一一,自新中国成立W来直就存在,只是在当前的条件下宗教渗透问题不是个新问题,跨境民族地区的宗教渗透有强化的趋势,需耍采取综合措施加W防范。据调研一,跨境民族的宗教交流比想象要密切和复杂。般说来,境外的跨境民族宗教意识比云南境内的跨境民族意识要强。境外的畴境民族时常通过宗教节日或宗教仪式,强化宗教的社会功能。一部分这些宗教属于跨境民族的传统宗教。比如,佛教是云南俸族和細甸样族所信奉的宗教,但最近南传上座部佛教的渗透活动比较活跃。一一。般说来,云南跨境民族地区毎个俸族村寨曾经都有所佛法寺改革开放W来,由于市场经济和外来文化的冲击,许多俸族居民忙于经济活动,对佛教事务失去了W前那种热情。许多俸族的年轻人已经不再热衷于宗教活动一,经济条件好些的家庭也不愿意送孩子去当和尚,导致寺院僧人人数少。-甚至有寺无僧因此,部分俸族村寨只好请外族人来当和尚,甚至到境外聘请细甸、老社的僧人来住持寺院教务和宗教活动。这不仅对云南南传上座部佛教的健康发展带来了极为不利的影响,一也违法了我国的宗教政策,井在定程度上影响着国家安全。云南的景颇族的宗教信仰为万物有灵的原始宗教。随着19世纪中叶,西方人入侵细甸I在景颇一些基督教传教±族或铜甸克钦族地区出现。1887年美国传教±李约纳(Lyon)来到八莫,并在八一,1892位美国传教±杰依斯化eis莫为景颇族开办学校传播基督教和传授西方文化知识。年又)来?到八莫,翌年到密支那地区开始传教并开办景颇族学校。1890年美国传教±欧汉森化Hanson)夫1893895妇来到了八莫,并开始着手景颇文的创制工作,并于年终于完成了景颇文字方案I1年得W正式推广使用。基督教的景颇文化,为基督教在景颇族地区的传播和发展提供了有利条件。特别是在八莫、密支那等地的教会学校中普及和推广使用景颇文W后,教会有了很快的发展。传教±们利用推广文字为手段,翻译和编写了大量的景颇文《圣经》、《赞美诗》和宗教读物。通过教会学校传播基督教,吸引了不少人信教。在此基础上,传教±们在八莫设立了麵甸浸礼会总会,并先后建立了密支那、罗孔、孙不拉呀、61贵开、雷哲、孟己巧等个分会。从9世纪开始到现在,基督教在细甸景颇族地一百多年的历史了区的传播和发展已经有。教会不断地壮大,教会学校也发展成为不同等级的学校,有初级、中级的教会学校和高等级的神学院。在1949年W前,欧美的神职人员遍布景颇族所在的德宏地区,他们控制着德宏的教会。1950年,中国人民解放军进驻德宏。所有欧美神职人员撤离德宏地区,但仍然通过其代理人控制着当地的教""会。中国当地政府要求景颇族教徒遵守H自革新(自传、自治、自养)办教方针,扭转了西方教会控制景颇族教会的状况。但随着细甸事实民主改革W来,许多西方的非政府组织(NG0)打着人道主义的旗号,加大了对细甸境内的克钦族的传教力度,并强化I对景颇族信教群众的渗透,这无疑对云南境内景颇族的一基督教徒造成定的冲击。16戴继诚,《宗教与国家安全》,载《中国人民公安大学学报》(社会科学版)20074。,第期,第129页30 广西大单巧课硕女单位论文2014年东化巧沉中*义国际研巧会论文巧课巧目报吿(四)边境毒品走私问題一个十分突出的问题毒品走私是云南跨境民族聚居地区。由于跨境民族运种血缘加地域的联系,使得境内的跨界民族同胞与境外的同源民族往来甚密,也为部分地区的毒品走私活动提供了天一然的便利和掩护:。根据国情调研组的调研和分析,我们注意到这样个现象即云南省的走私毒品一现象多发生在边境沿线的些跨界民族聚居区,而且増长的幅度比较快。云南边境地区的保山、德宏、临沧、思茅、西双版纳日个地(州、市)的14个县(市川比邻毒源"金"地H角,由于与越南、老掛、细甸直接接壤,没有天然屏障,成为毒品流向国内和国外的重要通道。W毒品走私严重的德宏俸族景颇族自治州为例,德宏州地处麵甸毒品基地金三角的北侧,是云一=南西部最边缘嵌入麵甸的个三角,其南部,与细、西部和西北部面都与细甸联邦接壤甸北部是一一一一。这里处处是丛林便道田两国、街两国等现,山间小路,寨两国个山水相连的整体区域、一地区成为独特的景观象在迭。这些便捷的对外通道在经济发展中发挥了巨大的作用,但在毒品泛滥的情况下,也为毒品的堵截设防带来了困难。国境内外的贩毒分子利用这些便利的地理条件,不2004断变换手段和方法,轻而易举就能将屯集境外的毒品大量走巧贩运进入我国国境,年公安部公布全国7一条毒品通道中有条就在德宏,,最近。境外毒品的渗透蔓延使德宏成为毒品的重灾区一日00几年,全国缴获的毒品,四分么都来自德宏。多公里没有天然屏障的边境线对那些零星贩毒的毒贩来说,几乎就等于没有设防。德宏成了境外毒品渗透进入我国毒品消费市场和借道进入国际毒品消费市场的最主要通道。这种客观地理条件是云南跨界民族地区毒品走私活动擔厥的主因。此外一,由于我国毒品问题发展迅速,而打击毒品犯罪所需的相关法律发展相对滞后,在定程。,毒品犯罪集团化、职业化倾向明显度上制约了打击毒品犯罪问题的力度和效果近年来,重特大毒品犯罪案件往往具有組织犯罪、跨地区作案等特点,公安机关办理毒品犯罪案件中异地侦查、异。地抓捕犯罪嫌疑人的情况相应也比较普遍,甚至跨国行动的案例也屡见不鲜但由于管辖权异议导一致些案件在司法机关间互相推语扯皮、久拖不决。由于铜甸与云南省接壤的边境线较长,两国边民跨境而居,边民通婚互市等因素,造成认定铜甸边民的国籍比较困难。四、对策与建议针对上述挑战,中央政府与地方政府应该共同面对上述挑战,多管其下,从根本上解决早已存在的问题0巧。,为塑造和谐周边打下良好的基础,为东盟1合作的顺利实现保驾护航一()加强国际合作,打击跨境犯罪、走私毒品、拐卖妇女儿童等犯罪行为跨境民族的非法流动,要解决上述问题,离不开国际合。比如10.5作媚公河惨案的破案,是中国,是国、细甸、老抱和泰国四国警方联合行动取得的成果际合作的一个成功案例。首先。,加强周边国家的情报交流跨境民族的犯罪行为,往往比较隐蔽,他们活动的范围比较广一,往往是跨国或数国,情报收集具有不确定性。如果对某些犯罪行为建立起跨国的信息情报交流机制,实现信息情报、资源共享,将会有效地打击犯罪行为。。这里主要是指刑事方面的司法协助:其次,加强国际司法合作,其主要措施有加强犯罪分子的引渡;加强洗钱犯罪证据方面的协助(如接受外国法院的委巧,协助调查、搜查、扣押和送达等);配合追偿境外犯罪收益。。再次,建立跨区域合作机制比如在GMS的框架下,建立起非传统安全的合作机制,在人员、特别是对于周边欠发达地区一,中国应该出资建立资金和管理等方面配套到位。整套的人员培训机制,把跨境合作落实到位。仁)加强扶贫力度、落实基础免费教育31 广西大単巧巧硕女単化论文2014年东化研究中<义国巧巧讨会论文巧巧巧目化吿云南与边境地区许多是跨境民族的落后地区或是交通不便地区一。比如1353公里的中越边境一线,从解放至1988年直处于战争状态,这里的各族人民从援越抗法、援越抗美到对越自卫反击作战人为保卫祖国做出重大贡献和牺牲:因为战争,许多工厂、农村、商店、机关、学校被,数代夷为平地,严重的战争后遗问题还在困扰当地干部群众,因为战争,边境地区错过了经济建设的大好时机。,至今仍处于贫困落后状况一化个13109云南边境线有贫困县,其中个是民族自治县,有个省定扶贫攻坚乡。这些地方的一自我积累和自我发展能力都很弱,特别是解放后才从原始社会末期步跨入社会主义的拉祐、傑傑、怒、独龙、低族等民族,社会发育程度很低,生产力水平不高,普遍表现为民族性贫困。根据调研组的调查,除少数国家或对口援建省份建设的希望小学或国家和省教育厅重点投资建设的特殊学校外,边境乡镇中小学校普遍存在校舍严重失修,危房较多,教学硬件条件极差,师资"。H力量不强等问题坚守在边境沿线乡镇中小学校的教师,大多学历较低,主要是通过成人教育或沟通""获得学历的教师。师范大学或省内外本科高校毕业的教师极少。过去,云南沿边境地区乡镇中小学校的师资主要是靠8个边境州市和25个边境县(市)的师范学校或民族师范学校提供师资。,近年来、、随着师范学校或民族师范学校的撤销或转型,文山学院思茅师专、临沧师专德宏师专、保山学院、红河学院等毕业的学生成为沿边境地区乡镇中小学校教师补充的主要来源。虽然边境沿一定的改观线乡镇中小学校的师资水平得到,但是,由于条件艰苦,待遇过低,信息闭塞,交通不。便,留不住人具有较高学历的教师纷纷调入县,(市)辖区的中小学或州市辖区的中小学真正留在边境沿线乡镇中小学的教师或是学历较低者,或是与当地跨境民族结婚,无能力调动者,使得身处边境沿线乡镇中小学的教师不安屯、,有的教师干脆到邻国中小学校任教,国口教育陷入困境。基于上述现状,中央政府需要强化对云南等跨境民族地区的扶贫力度。首先,修建各级公路,让少数民族地区与内地的联系畅通,有利于物流、信息流和资金流的进入。其次,加大对跨境民族地区的教育投资规模和力度。因此根本问题是把国家免费义务教育落实到实处。風优先发展文化事业一般说来,跨境民族地区既是中国文化建设的薄弱地区,更是容易受周边文化影响的地区,是维护国家文化安全的重点地区。优先发展跨境民族地区的文化事业,有助于维护边疆地区和谐与稳定。,为文化产业的发展营造良好的环境,要实施文化惠民工程。针对云南跨境民族文化基础设施薄弱的特点首先,地方政府在财力和人力上,增加对跨境民族地区文化基础设施大投入。特别是要大力支持农村和社区的公益性的文化活动,对农村地区的业余文艺队,耍给予适当的补贴,促进基层民族地区开展多种形式的文艺活动,引领健康向上的生活方式。此外,在公共的图书馆,博物馆等方面的建设,需要地方政府更多的财政的投入和关注。其次,保护跨境民族非物质文化遗产35。根据第二批国家非物质文化遗产名录,云南占了项。这巧项包括了云南跨境民族的民间文化、传统音乐、传统舞蹈、传统美术、传统技艺和民俗。送些跨境民族的非物质文化遗产,大都属于跨境民族的非物质文化遗产。如果保护得好这些非物质文化遗产,将对加强云南跨境民族对周边的文化福射力具有积极作用。,保护跨境民族非物质文化遗产需要地方政府主导,需要在政策、资金和人员等方面加W扶植和引导。再次,加强文化立法。针对公共文化服务体系建设、文化产业的发展与规划、文化遗产的保护、"""呈沟通、卫星电视教育和自学考试相沟通的学历进修形式是指高师困授,通俗地讲,参加自学考试的学员可""W带着他自学考试合格科目的成绩来读H沟通,合格的科目不需要再继续学习和考试,只要剩余的规定课程进修考试过关就可W领毕化证"",其毕业证书加盖省自考委与主办学校两章H沟通。,并要注明宇样32 '广西大学妈诛硕古单位论文2014年来巫巧究中/<^国保巧巧会论文巧译巧目化告文化市场的建设等重大巧题,由地方人大和相关法制部口进行立法调研,条件成熟的尽快形成地方性文化法规,为民族文化强省提供法律保障。,云南可W利用跨境民族的文化共源性及地理化邻性,共同申报跨国世界文化遗产此外。在中老细泰四国边境地区,可考虑共同申报W生物多样性、民族文化多样性为特征的世界自然文化遗产,"金"共建四角国际公园;在中越迪境地区,可考虑申报W红河和滨越铁路为主轴的集自然、人文景观为一,并共同进行合理保护与开发体的世界文化遗产。通过共同申报世界文化遗产,增强区域的文化认同和价值认同,为和谐周边的建设打下良好的文化基础。(四)有效传播中国文化文化安全的核必是主动强化自身的文化,同时有效传播自己的文化。在跨境民族聚集的周边地区,,增强中国文化的影响力,外宣期刊《吉要有效地传播中国传统文化。根据国情调研组的调研祥》、《苦芭》、《媚公河》分别W细甸文、老挺文和泰文出版,并发行到细甸、老挺和泰国。由、经济、文化新闻于上述期刊大都报道中国政治,没有考虑到当地民众的文化需求,因此发行和销售等方面都遇到了诸多障碍,没有达到预想的效果。一在周边地区,中国文化的宣传不定要中文,可W通过当地语言或英文进行传播,也许效果更一好。这与周边国家的具体国情相关。比如在现在的细甸,些民众对中国或中国人比较敏感,因此中文作为文化传统的媒介,可能障碍比较大。细甸的英文化程度很高。其他所有教材(小学、初高中、大学)。英文是第二官方语言。,除语文课外,教学语言是英文学中文的人不见得对中国有好感。华人占细甸人口5%,官方认为至少有10%,很多人隐藏华人身份进入细甸,使当地人感到华人的威胁。如果中国还在拼命推广推广中文,这反而会加深麵甸本民族对中国的反感。1967年,华侨华人学校在细甸搞文化大革命。,革中央政府的命,结果遭到中央政府镇压随着中国大规模投资进入。细甸人对华人华侨融入还可W接受。如果华文教育大规模,细甸对中国的恐惧和忧虑更加加剧铺开。,300,消极影响显而易见细甸不允许办孔子学院只是孔子课堂。现在细甸的华文补习班超过多家。不要过度加大对华人华侨中文教育的过度投入,应该加大对细甸人通过英文、细文媒介的中国文化的宣传。(五)加强宗教管理与宣传工作一一宗教对中国文化安全具有双重作用。方面,历史上,宗教作为群众信仰的部分,可W达到化解社会矛盾,进行社会整合的功能,享有充分的信教自。跨境民族信仰本民族宗教或者外来宗教由,也,这是中国宪法相关法规条文所规定的是保障公民自由的重要组成部分。比如在瑞丽地区,一一在寨两国公园区,兴建了些俸族的佛教寺庙,供倦族和细甸掉族的边民进行朝拜,可W凝聚跨境民族的文化认同,有利于和谐边境的稳定。一另,宗教往往被境外势力加W利用,变成破坏边境地区和谐稳定的工具,方面。在此意文上加强宗教宣传管理和宣传工作。,就现得十分必要中国边境地区的地方政府应该要加强宗教管理工作机构建设,提高管理人员的素质和工作水、平,改人员不足等情况,加大经费投入,壮大。要加大资金投入变当前宗教管理工作机构不健全管理工作队伍,提高反渗透的能力,:要通过各种途径加大党的宗教政策的宣传教育力度认真贯彻实施党的宗教政策,使广大信教群众在真正享有宗教信仰自由政策的基础上,提高识别和抵御宗教渗透的能力。33 广巧大単巧译硕古単位论文"报舍2014年东化巧免中国巧巧i才会论文巧译项目AppendixIITaretTextgOn-theChallengesandCountermeasuresofCulturalExchangesBetweenCrossborderE化nicGroupsinSoutiiwestChinaandNeighboringCountriesUnder化eASEAN10+3CulturalCoopera村onFrameworkTakiCross-borderngEthnicGroupsinYunnanProvinceasaCaseLinZhiliang,GuangxiUniversityAbac-strt:UndertheAS巨AN10+3CultunlCooperatio打Frameworkcrossborder,*movementsamoncountriesbecomemorefreue打tandcultuialexchanesandcooerationgq,gp-becomecloser.Give打thefactthattherearealotofcrossborderethnicgroupsbetweenSouthwestChinaandSoutheastAsiancountries,whichenonumerousconnectionsandjy-freuentculturalexchaneswitheachothercrossborderculturalexchanesarefacedwithqg,gvariouschallenesinfieldssuchasreliioncultureeducationandnationalsecuritetc.Asagg,,y,--matteroffactanindethstudontheculturalexchanesamoncrossborderethnicrous,pygggpcanbetterproinobtheculturalexchanesandcooerationbetweenChinaandASEANgpcountriesaswellassafeuardthe打ationalsecurit.,gyS10+3-bodwordsiltlhhllKe:AEANcrossrerethncrouscuuraexcanescaenesy;gp;g;g;countermeasures1.IntroductionSincethelaunchofA犯AN10+310A化ANnatio打slusChinaJaanand民OK(p,p)GulturalMinistersMeetingin2003,theculturalcooperationamongASEAN,(Thina,Japanand民0氏withthee打ergeticsupportandcommonendeavorof化einvolvedcountrieshasm,化enjoyedfastandsounddevelopent.After11yearsdevelopment,e10+3culturalcooerationhassaedinto化e拉Sttrackacrucialeriodoffurtherdevelomentwhenallppp,pp,theovernmentsarecommiUedtodeee打inculturalexchanesandes1:ablishinreionalgpgg,ggculturalcooeration.UndertheASEAN10+3CulturalCooerationFrameworktherearepp,challe打gesaswellasopportunitiesintheculturalexchangesbetwee打ChinaandASEANcountries.Therefbrehwhlbhllitisawortiesuect化sUidtecuturaexchanesamon,jygg-crossborderethnicrousinChinawithneihborincountries.gpgg’-bodehnThecrossrreticgroupsinChinassouthwestborderandSo山heastAsiancountriesareoriginatedbecauseoftheboundarytransitionsofChinaandSoutheastAsiancountriesandthecontinuousmiratio打anddevelomentoflocalethnicrousinthehistorgpgpy.Therefore,化eybear化ecultureidentitiesof化ecountrieswhere化eylivea打d化at3巧化eir 广西大聲颗课硕女单位论文2014年东亚研兜中/义国际研讨会论文巧课巧目报告homelandsandkeecloseconnectio打withl;hesimilarethnicrousinneiborin,pgpghgcountries.Asaresult,thebecomeabondcementinChinaandtheSoutheastAsiacountries.ygYunnanlocatedatthecrucialareaofChinasouthwestmaorthorouhfarebo过ststhe,jg,rldinSouhtAiiIdimportantlandouteeagtoteassaandSouthAsa.tborerso打threeSoutheastAsiancountriesincludingBurma,VietnamandLaos.ThelandboundarybetweenYunna打-andneihborincountriesisuto4061kmamonwhichSinoBurmaboundaris1997kmggp,,gy--SinoLaos500kmandSinoVietnam710km.Thereare117countiesandcitiesinYunnan,,iniihborinti.withwhch27borderonneggcounres-YunnAsamulti巧hnicrovincea打hasatotalof26ethnicrousamonwhich20livep,gp,gintheboundarareas.There仿rethelauiteanimortantroleinmaintaininharmony,ypyqpgy,andstabilityinYunnanaswellasinChinasneihborinreions.gggb-TherefretakinthecrossborderethnicrousinYunnanasacasethisaertriesto,ggp,ppdh-stuytechalle打esandcountermeasuresofculturalexcha打gesbetwee打crossborderethnicggrousi打southwestChinaandneihborincountriesundertheASEAN10+3CulturalpggCooperationFramework.2.AnOverviewofEthnicGroupsinYunnanTh-ca-esolledcrossborderethnicgroupreferstotheethnicouthatinhabitstwoorgrpmorecountriesfbralongtimewithdifferentoriginalethniccharacteristicsyetthesamesenseofidentitofbeinginanethnicgroup.Livin呂indifferentcountriesandbein呂afec化dbyy-diferentlocalmainrouorotherrousfbralontimeeoleofcrossborder巧hnicgpgpg,ppgroupshavee打counteredchangesinlanguage,costume,materialculture,spiritualcultureando化erasectstovariousderees.Nonethelesstherootoftheirtraditionandtheirdaillifepg,yhilhn-areertinenttoteorinaetictraditionininnumerablewasCrobohni.ssrderetcrouspgygp"’h,i打tisaerincludeethnicroussharino打ekinshinamelsomeethnicrousinppgpgp,ygpChinaa打dinneighboringcountrieshaveacommo打kinshi,withsameorsimilarlanuae,pgg化-rei.Thtittiitribtibodiinligo打andcustomseconsuo打an过过suonofecrossrerethncgroupsYunnanarelistedasfollowsaccordingto也esizeofpopulation:2.1HanPeopleWiththelarestoulationHa打ismostwideldistributedinYim打an.Accordintothegpp,ygresultofthesixthdemorahiccensus1heltiHlinYunn:ouao打ofa打eoea打reachesgp,pppp〇30.629illio打accounti打for6663)ofthetotalltiChi打Thtrim./{ouaonofa.ecounes,gppborderinonYunnan1化eVietnamLaosandBurmaareinhabitedbmanHaneole.Forg^yyppexamleKokaneoleinBurmaareoftionalit.Hannap,gppy2.2YiPeopleThepopulatio打ofYipeopleinYunna打reaches5.028million,takingup10.07%ofthe35 广苗大学颗评硕古单化论文2014年东亚巧免中/义国巧巧巧会论文巧课巧目报吿isii1〇化1olationofYan.AmonallthemnorethncrousinYYihasthelare巧:ppuunnggpunnan,gwtiioulationithinhabitantsmainldistribu;ednChuxonandHonhe化erscat巧inl;hepp.O,yggo出er5administrativeareasofYunna打,amo打gwhich16countiesandcitiesareinhabitedbyover10000Yieole.,ppY",,ieolecall也emselvesLuoLuowhilethousandsofYieolelivininVietnampp,ppg*‘’,"’’"’’andLaoscallthemselvesLoLoLuoLuoandLoLoshare化esameronunciationin(pChinese.)2.3HaniPeopleTheoulationofHanieoleinYunnanreaches163millioni.he.covern355oft:pppp,g%i91:otaloulatio打ofYunnan.ThemainlinhalritinYua打民iverareasandthedowns杜earnppyyareasofLa打tsang民iver.WidedistributionofHanipeople技11so打countieslikeYuanjiang,MoianHonheandYuanan.jg,gygBranchesofHanieoleextendtoBurmaVie化amLaosandThailand.Theoulationpp,,ppwhichreaches60ilofHaieoleinBurma000sarertha打化atoftritnpp,,o化ercounesexce,gpCh‘‘inawiththemaortdstrutednEas化mSha打StatewhereHa打ieolearecalledGaoiiibi,jypp"eople.Theoulatio打ofHa打ieolei打Viet打amisabout10000andismai打ldistributedppppp,yintheVietnamsidewherethebordersofVietnamChinaandLaosmeet.Hanieolein,ppThailandaremore化an20,000and化eyliveinChiangRaiProvi打ce.Laosisinhabitedby""!0000HanieolewhoarecalledKauoandaremainldistributedinPhongsaliLuan,ppgy,gNamthaandOudomxai.2.4DaiPeopleThereare1.222millionDaipeoplelivinginYunnanwhichaccountsfor2.66%of,]。-Yunnanstotaloulation.TheDaieoleofYunnanmainllivein化earcshaedareaofppppyphec-intiliin也trossborderregionthescmthwesoftherovnce.AndmanyveepXishuanbannaDaiAutonomousPrefectureandtheDehonDaiJinoAutonomousgggbPrefecture.Daisharescommo打kinshiswithSiamShanandLaoeolesincountrieslikep^,ppThailand,Burma,Laos.In化eancientChinesehisU)ricalKcords,tihesepeopleswerecalled",,比baointnameShan.TogetherwithZhuangpeoplea打dDongpeoleinSouChinathey,jpy'‘’,"”werecollectivelyreferredasYue.SoShan,Daiand化eancientBaiyueshare化esame。originsaswell."’,0化InBurmaShancall化emselvesasDaitakinu8.5/04.2millio打ofecountis,,gp()ytotaloulationaccordin化也estatisticsof2003.TodistinuishShaneolefromdiferentpp,ggppreionsBurmanamethemafterthecombi打ationofnome打a打dtoonmuchasDaiMaog,pys,,"h://www.stats.ov.cn/b/rkcb/dfrkcb/t20120228402804344.htm邸g4gpgp呂_http://www.stats.gov.cn/tb/rkpc/dfrkpc/l20120228402804344.htmjggbgb_20htt/www.t.ov./rc/c/t20120228402804344.hp:/stascntjgb/kpgbdfrkgbtmgp_21Yu-aninin.2010.TTie0如如加〇'!幻.inan:XnanFinArtPhotorahPrLyg()&印3:12Xiiieandess()jgjggp 广酉大单顆课硕古单化论文2014年东亚研究中*义国陈研巧会论文颗译项目报告DaiLaxu,DaiHen,etc.Duetothelonghis化ryofclosetiesandexchangeswithMianpeople,Shanisinflue打cedbytheformeri打manyasectsincludinroductionmodeandreliiousp呂pglifeandover95%ofitspeopleembraceBuddhism.Theireconomiclifemainlyfocusonaricultilea技weolehaveasideliicraftoflli.Thlligurewhneofhandsmabusnessemaszedpp113打也(:巧3:industrycanproducefarm化ols,householdobjects,ornaments,fabrics,。kitchenwaresmatsknittinbasknittinaermakinndthreadsdin.,g,gg,ppgayg""""TheTaipeopleofThailandandtheDaipeopleofYunnansharesamekinshipfromthea打cienttimes.I打thehist:orytextbooksofThairimaryandsecondarschoolsitispy,officiallyrecognizedthattheTaioriginatedfromsomeDaipeopleofsouthofChinawho-iiitlilraveledto1:heI打doChinaeninsula.Tasl;hemaneoenThaiandaccountinfbr40%ppp,gof化lati.eouonppILaosDaieolearedividedintoTailueeoleandTainaeoleinllivininn,ppppppma,ygMe打inofthenorthernLo打打a打rovinceaswellasMe打wuandMe打wudeofPho打saligxggpgggProvince.2.5ZfmangPeolepZhuangpossessesthelargestpopulationamon呂theminoritiesinChina.Theyaredis化ibiUedinGuanxiYunnanGuizhouGuandonandHuna打ofChinaandmostling,,,ggyGuanxi.Thesixth打atio打alcensusshowsthatthereare1.21millio打Zhuaneoleinggppmostofwhomlivein化edistrictof.YunnanWe打shancount,yZhua打gofGhina,TTaiof了haila打d,LaolcmgofLaos,>^0打gofVietnama打dSha打ofBurmahavemuchincommonincultureandtheybelontothesameoriins.gg2.6MiaoPeopleA’‘‘ccordingtoChinassixthnatio打widecensusThereare1.203millio打Miaoeoplein,p’uYuna打accountinfor2.62%oftherovincesolationa打d化eylivein87countiesand,gppp’’23cities.Wensha打AutonomousPrefecturepossesses也emostMiaopeoplefollowedb,yHonheAuto打omousPrefecturean过Chaotunreiongg,gVietnamcallsMiaoasHmong,andthe411’OOOHmo打gpeopleliveinthenorthofVietnaminldistributedinFentuMobianfuGaouanHuanshuiandShunzhou.Therema,,y,y,gpare200000Miaoeolelivininthe打OrthofLaosandmostofthemliveinXia打khouan,pp呂gg,Pho打sal.iSamNeuaBanHouaxaandLuanraba打Thereare!0000Miaoeoleing,,yygpg,ppBurmamostofwhomliveinthemountainousareasatbothsidesofustreamSalweenp,iilhiliespeciallinKokanreon.AndThaandas70000Maoeoleand80%ofthemveinygg,pp,,24ChienMaiChianRaiTakLoeiandPhe化hbuii.,gg,,22.HeenaLenn如仍-訊.2010.7化zffbr公w/Tw幻:3.Be:ocenceAcare.gd&iChyag()Gw沁AeW况(8)7ijingScialSisdemicPsshttp://www.stats.gov.cn/tb/rkpc/dfrkpcgb/t20120228402804344.htjggb_’24"’e-FangT-eitriiOnandFtureCrossrthnirounsnduseYunni.2007ThDsb山onrigieasofboderEcGsIideaOtidan-.p()....Siinaanifieaf内幻(1〇?1的1110Bnonatubn■Proceec/iNgsecond?ForumCTcfAeSoK/s£。。(0):.eijig:NatiliiesPlishig37 广巧大单巧译巧女学化论文2014年乂巧另f巧中A田巧研巧会论文巧译巧目报告2.7HuiPeopleInYunnantheoulationofHuieoleis698000accoxmtinthetotal,ppp,gfor1,52%ofp^^populationoftheprovince.MostHuipeopleinYunnanliveincities,towmandalongtraficlines.Thereare13countieswithover!0,000HuioulationinYunnaiiandHuippjpeoplealsoliveinautonomousprefecturesofHongheandXishuanLgbarma."Accordin化thestatisticsofwesternscholarsabout100000eolelivininThailandg,,ppg,BurmaandthenorthofLaosareoriginallyHuipeopleofYunnanProvince,about20,000ofenT'"26whomlivihailandsChiangMaiChiangRaiandLamhun.,p2.8LisuPeople虹Yunnan^化epopulationofLisupeopleis668,000accountingfor1.45%ofthetotal。populationoftheprovince.Mo巧ofthemliveintheNujiangLisuAutonomousPrefecture,buttherearealsomanyLisueolelivininotherlaceslikeLiianDiinDaliandppgpjg,qg,Baoshan.LisueolealsoliveinBurmaandThailand,Burmahas40000Lisueolelivininpp,ppgShanStateandKachinState.AndThailandhas15000Lisueolewhomostllivein,ppyChiangMaijChia打gRaiandMaeHongSon.2.9LahuPeople虹Yunnan^也epopulationofLahupeopleis475,000accountingfor1.03%ofthetotal^*oulationoftherovince.MostLahueoleliveinancancounandMenancoimtpppppLgtygliyofYunnan."Mo,,化BurmaLahuiscalledshelivinin化enorthofteTa3000ShanSta.hailndhas0,g,LahupeopleconcentratinginChangwatChiangMai.ButtheyalsoliveinChiangRai,MaeHonSo。andTak.Vietnahasueoevinrergm4,000Lahllionthebodareas化China.AndppgLaoshas2,000LahupeoplelivinginLouangNamtha.2.10WaPeolepYunnanprovincehasabout380刀00Wapeople,livinginthesouthw的tofLinjiangandSimaoareasespeciallyinXimengcountyandCangyuancounty.Theycallthemselves""""Wa(偏)orAhwa(阿侃).Burmahas80,000WapeoplemoistlylivinginShanState.Thailandhas12,000WaHouse巧ht....t:^wwwstatsovcn/tb/rkcb/dfikc/t20120228402804344htmpgjgpgp沙—化AndrewDWForbes(UK),攻nnonMms化ItsmJVo灯Aem况彷7瓜coitainedinW加orto/Thww/加1988(4)巧h.stats.v.cntt.://www//rcgb/d试n/2012胆28402804344htm巧goj昧咕q如—巧ht.bb://wwwstats.Dv.cn/tj/rkcb/dfikc/t20120228402804344.htmpggipgpg— 广西大単颗课硕古学位论文20/14年东化巧免中义国标巧讨会论文辆译巧目报吿peolescatterininlaceslikeChianMaia打dMaeHonSon.TherearealsomanWapgpggypeopleinthenorthofLaos.2.11YaoPeopleThereare190,000Yaopeoplelivi打gi打Yunna打province,mainlyi打thesouthofHongheHanniandYiAutonomousPrefectureaswellasWe打shanZhuangandMiaoAutonomousPrefecture.Theycallthemselves340,000ofYaopeoplescatterinthe打orthwe巧ofViet打am,20,000inLaos,mainlylivingontheborderareasbetweenChinaandLaosandLaosandVietnam.BurmaalsohasYaopeoplewhomainlyinhabitinGoldenT-rianletheBurmaThailandborderandShanSl:at:e.g,2.12JingpoPeopleJinoeoleinYunnanliveinDehonautonomousrefecture.MostlivegpppgpinLcmgchua打,Yingiang,民uili,Liaughea打dAVandi打g.了heycallthemselvesJingpoorZaiwa.jAccordintostatisticsin2000thenumberofJinoeoleamountedto130000.Theg,gppp,",,beautifiilmountainousareaofJingpo,1:heLandofPeacocks,isrichi打mineral,animalandlant.pJinoeolealsoliveinBurmaa打dI打dia.I打BurmaJino巧hnicrouiscalledgppp,gpgp""ith560000eole.Mostofthemlivein也eofKachinS:t.Kachinwnorthtal:eandShanstae,ppAsmallnumberof化emliveontheborderbetweenChinaandIndia.InIndiaJinoethnic,gpgroupiscalledXinfii.2.13BlangPeopleTheoulationofBlanethnicrouinYunna打ofChinais100000livininmanppggp,,gydifferentplacesinYunnanwithdifferentnames.BlangpeoplelivinginShidian,Baoshan,Gha打打i打a打dYoodecallthemselvesPure打Pumanriuaumana打dMa打resectivel.ggg,,ppyBlaneolelivinin^henkancounta打dJindoncountcallthemselvesWuBlangppggy呂gy.geolelivininMoianShuanianandYimcountcallthemselvesAhwaandY.iwappgjg,gjgyBla打geolelivinbesidesLanca打民ivercallthemselvesWeno打a打dthoselivininppggggggXishuanbannacallthemselvesPohlanandBobalan.ggBlaneoleliveinChinaBurmaandLaosWli.aeoeandLaeole打Burmaandgpp,ppppBldlhehniilangpeopehavethesameancestoranbeongtotsameetcgroup.Accordn呂to化-statisticsthereare30000BurmaLaeolelivininKentuno打eChinaBurmaborder.,,ppggg2.14AcitangPeopleAmong26ethnicgroupsinYunnan,thepopulationofAchangismorethan30,000,wholiveinLongchua打countyandLianhecountinDehonautonomousPrefectureinYunnan.gyg 广西乂単巧译巧古单往论文20?14年来化巧义中A田巧巧咐含论义奋译巧目报舍TheancestorsofAchaneoleliveinJinshaRiverNuRiverandLantsanRrbiiveasnsgpp,glongtimeao.Afterwards,someofAchaneoleimmigrated化thewestbankofNu民iverggpp化,andmovedsouthwards.Aboutinthe13ce凸tury,theymoved化U)daysos化ion.pInBurmaAchaneolearecalledDamaiwithoulationofover40000.Mostof>gpppp,themliveinMyitkyinaandBhamoinKachinStateandNamhkam,KengtunginShanState.2.15NuPeopleThereare30000NueoleinYunnanmainllivininSiancountuoncount,ppygygy,FggyandGonshancounty.TheycallthemselvesNu.Thereare10典00NueoleinBurmalivingppg-onChinaIndiaborder.’2.16aneoleDegpP^mThereare17,000DeangpeoplinYunnan,ostofwhomliveonthesouthwesternborderofChina.70%ofthemliveincountiesinDehongAutonomousPrefecture.Thecally*umthemselvesDeangorLai."i"InBurmaDeanscaedBe打onw泣oulaonof240000.ostotiveilllithtiMfheml,gggpp,inKachinStateandShanState.2?巧DrunPeolegpThereare6000DrungpeopleinYunnanlivinginGongshanCounty,Theycall(,"",themselvesT)rungorQiu.Thereare1200DrungeoleinBurmalivinintheustreamppgpareaofNmaiHka.2A8KhmusPeopleThereare3,000KhmuspeopleinYxmnan,whoaredistributedinKhmusandJinghongcountiesofXishuanbannaautonomousPrefecture.Thereareabout500Khimxwelg,00Gsidy-distributedinIndoChinaPeninsula.Thereare320000KhmuseolelivininnorthwesternmountainousareaofLaos,ppg,100000innorthernmoxmtainousareaofThailandand20000inLaizhouScxnLaThanh,,,,Y'HoaandianofVietnam.2.19LaChieoleppLaChieoleareclass巧edwithintheBoueiethnicrou.Thereare2000LaChippygp,peoplelivinginMaguanCountyofYunnan.LaChipeopleinVietnamaremainlydistributed’ntheXinmeriHuanshuiandBeiuanCountieswhichareclosed化Chinasorderigjgpggb.40 广西大単掘译硕古学攻论义2014年东化研双中/义国欣研巧会论文翻译巧目报告tfof-bordti3.EconomicandculuralexchangeormcrosserehncrousinYunnangpfthec-bodethnicusMostorossrregropinYunnanareadacenttotheneihborinjggcountries,withalonghistoricallyculturaltradition.Theculturalexchangesstrengtheneach化,0ersculturalandnations化ide打titandhavebecomeanimortantartofculturalyy,pppracticesinbuildingharmoniousneighborrelations."-In化rmsoflanguagethecrossborder巧hnicrousinYunna打aredividedinto,gp---i-T化etoBurmanZhuanDonrouMonKhmrandMaoYaro.Thefthree,eoguormer,gggppethnicgroupsareallindi呂enouspeopleswithseveralthousandyearsofhistorywhilethelastiitlateIntherocessofdifferentiati-roummraedrioncombinatonreifferetiatio打asg.p,dngp,wellasrecombinationthethreemaorrousabsorbedassimilatedandinteratedeach,jgp,g’,,29othersculturea打dinextricablinterwovewitheacho1:her.Thefbrmatio打and,ydevelopmentofcross-bordernationalitiesconstitutestheconvergenceregionof-ifillilfmultitionalitanddiversedcutureananaturaou打dationforculturalexchanenay,yggamongthem.TheASEAN10+3CulturalCooperationFrameworkvigorouslypromotes-ultualexchane.TheformsofsocialandculturalexchanesofcrcrossbordernationalitiesinggYimnsn3re过sfollows:,化3.1BorderersadefairDuetogeographical,historicalandsomeotherreasons,oneoftheimportantcarriersof’-bodehan-化cro化rrexcesisthebordererstrade位ir.Thesocalledbordererrefersg-ith-lcrossborder巧hncsandesocaledde拉ithtwoidbditrarreferstoeseorderersongbusinessatlacesdesinatedbtheothersidecountrreularl.Generallseakinthepgyygyypg,Chinesegovernmentimplementsthepolicythatreducesandexemptscommoditytax,buthetitifotheamountofmone.Iiilthet过l:rearesomeresrconsrnrnce;raeoodsareypp,gproducedandsold,urchasedandusedbthemselves.pyI打2008ChineseMinistrofFina打cea打dGeneralAdministrationofCustomsointl,yjyissuedNoticeo打出e民elevantFiscalandTaxPoliciestoPromol;etheDevelopmentofB’orderersTradeFair(No.902008of化eMinistrofFinance,andlaunchedaseriesof[]y)^mentaxationandinvestmentreferentialmeasurestopromotetiadedeveloptinborderareas.pTheNoticerequiresthatifthepriceofdailynecessitiestrade过inbordermarketislessthanRMB8,000yuanpercapitaperday,化ese呂oodsshouldbeexemptedfromimporttarifandimportlinkage化义AsChinahasinte打si巧editsefortsinopeningup,particularlytheeconomicradiationeffectsonthesurroundiareasarebecominincreasinlaarentthealeofconomicngggypp,sceh,exca打gehasgrow打larger,whichhasbecomeanimporta打tpartofbordererstrade拉ir.’Du-etothefrequentbordererstrade拉ir,crossborderethnicgroupscanthusenhancemutualexchangesandsolidify化eirfriendship,whichsetsamaterialbasisforcultural巧。"uH(uur-Ge.200.vrHaItianrsthrou.&TanJingli功eseistoriclCltesandde打ficationofYunnCosborderEnicGs(引p.-Jow72ann口njVa打口月口化esU,!/Ver7PsoandocacnceEdition1:6/挽/5hUoSilSies0冰(y(phy)()41 广西大単颗译硕女単位论文2014年东亚巧巧中j义国巧研讨会论文颗译巧目报吿exchange.AccordingtothesurveyconductedbyQiina打ationalCO打ditio打Sresearchgroup,i打2011,theimporta打dexportvolumeat民uiliportreached10.7billionyuaiija打increaseof37.9%ear-o打earcaroesimortedandexortedamountedto135milliti.ononsanncreaseofyy;gpp,2--1.2%earonearthenumberofinternationaltravelersreachedmorethan10millionyy;,--ersonsa打i打creaseof19.52%earoneart:owhichbordererstrade拉itmadereatp,yy,gcontribution.Th,etradingmarketofRuilibordererstradefkircoversanareaof106muandanbuildingareaof16300suaremeterswitha打investme打tofoverRMB30millio打ua打.Now,qy,民u,ilitakesbordererstrade技irasanimportantborderculturalactivityand仿cusesonpromotingharmonyinsurroundingareas.3-.2Crossborderthnictileesvasf-Crossborderethnicroushaveavarietoftraditionalfestivalswhichareimortantgpy,p"-latformsfbrcrossborderethnicculturalexchaneactiitieslfrpgv.Becauseeoeomthesameppethnicgroupliveacrosstheborder,theykeepveryclosecontactwitheachother,insomecasesthroughmarriageandfamilyrelationship.Therefore,ifonesidehasactivitiessuchascelebrationsorfestivalsweddinsorfuneralstheothersidewillattendesecialldurin,g,,pyg-theholidayseaso打.Theseactivitiesprovidegoodtradingopportunitiesfbrcrossborderethnicgroups.Evenforfestivalsthatareuniquetocertainethnicgroup,theotherethnic化,’30groupswillatten过ecelebrationtoo.''-MunInYunnanProvincefestivalssuchasDaisWaterSnklinFestivalJinosao,prig,gpD'ancinCamivalafestivalwherealareamountofeoledancintoether)Miaosg(gppgg,F-lDiFtalfetiveolltithlowerpoeancngesiv(asedaywhe打ppedancenearapoedecoraedwflowerstoworshitheirancestorsandwhenyoungladspacourttotheirbelovedonespy),D'alisLunarMarchFestivalarandalaofBaieoplefortradininannuallunarMarch)are(ggpg-greatopportunitiestoattractcrossborderethnicgroupstoparticipatespontaneously.Duringtheholidays,ethnicgroupsseemt;obecomeabig拉mily.Everyoneisdressedinfestivecostumeandoinsinthecelebration,whichbringsculturalidentittoaclimax.Inthecontextjyofreionalinterationculturalfestivalsandtradeshowsareofte打combinedtoethertogg,gmakeculturalexchanesmoreaeallgppingandendurabe.-The2012ChinaDehonRuiliWaterSnklinFestivalandtheFirstMahoangpriggyCulturalFestival,focusingontheirUegrationofe也niccultureandspecialtyindustry,romo化dbenininteractionsbetween传stivalbrandandurbanbrandaswellasindustrialpgareabranda打denha打cedthecitimaeandtheinternationalafinitf民uiliygyo.FurtherdevelopmentoftheASEAN10+3CulturalCooperationwillreatlincreasetheculturalgy.identitofethnicroupsyg3-.3Crossborderethnicexchangesoelementaryeducationf30""Lu--Zh.1.ntherossborderEthnicGrouandtheenuPolkofYunnan.扔/c筑w油的ii992OCsoAn()pppy口) 广西大単翻译硕古学tit论文2014年东亚巧免中'义国际研巧会论文辆译巧目报告-bodethCrossrrenicexchangesofelementaryeducationareimportantcomponentsof-tltesmatcrossborderculuraexchaneswhichrela!;〇thefbrionofvaluesa打dcultivatio打ofg,thenexte打eration.Ithasaverimortantracticalsinificanceforthefixtureharmonandgyppgystabilityoftheborderareas.Before2000,ChinesestudentsinYunnanwentabroadfbrstudying.Forexample,i打l:he巨urmeseborder,thelocalgovernmentissuedaseriesofpreferentialeducationpolicytoattractthepoorchildreninYunnantogotoschoolinBurma.InDehongborderarea,somepoormigrantchildrenstudiedintheChineseschoolinBurma.Theseschoolsarelargelytreisuoredblativemstitut:esofthewesterncou打triesandTawanChina.Therovideppy,ypfreebooks,stationery,clothing,qu化sandsubsistenceallowanceforstudentstoatractthem化studyt;here.I打2000thistre打dhasbeenchaned,forexamleinYiniancountYunnanthere,,gpgjgy,,are36ChinesestudentswhostudiedinBurma,butin2007,thefiguredroppedto12.Since2000Burmesestude打tsbeantofloodintoYu打打a订borderareastostudin,呂yChina.In2007,thesituatio打ofBurmesestude打tsinChinaforstudyingisasfollows:353stentsinLuxicit79inWandineconomicdevelomentzone210inRuilicit232inudy,gp,y,Yini.diniitiliian66nLxmchuanAccortothenvestaonandanassBurmesestudentsgg,gggy,jaed31:06accountfor4.57333t1..!;〇121:o1547?^17to1916.120化2543g%%;%%;;Fromtheersectiveofeducationaerimarschoolsaccountfor74.3iddleschoolsppg,py%,m1*〇〇3〇14.5/〇hihhool.%ll..>kindeiartens6.4/scs32andcoees17X>,g,ggFrom2000to2007,thesituationshowedgrowthasawhole.TakeLuxicityforexample,in2000thenumberofstudentsalontheBurmeseborderadmiUedinChinais166in2004,g;,190in2007353whichmea打sthatthenumberhasincreasedb187durinthelasteiht;,,yggyears.Table1EducationalSituationofBurmesestudentsatLuxicityNumberEnrollment ̄ ̄ ̄ ̄20002001i〇0220032004200520062007^I^IIIIIISchoolrollxPrimary154177229^^School" ̄MiddleSchool1010To16132337^一64l6710TotalNumber166174192521353||||||32'..Source:MeShenda&Wa打Shilu2009.TVewDevc/owewf巧wrweye&/W幻00/7幻f&eEconow/cgg()pq/i〇)06厂幻//〇?户?/771幻巧幻《^/巧^厂说幻12:305.Yunnan:YunnanPeolesPublishinHouse.戶()pg?31"onutse化扣-Csiseroun7%《r口Ze巧e五ea/rl化eKSuUs^leadbyeearchgpo况各/cA0。说口"0口bon/er口。〇"主InfluenceonThreeAdacentNations.j43 广西大単翻巧硕古单化论文2014年东亚研免中/义国巧研讨会论文巧译巧目报吿"Thesurveymadei打5countiesorcitiesinDehongshowsthatBurmesestude打tsarefromdifferentethnicgroupasfbllows:Chinesestudentsaccountfbr70.2%Daistudents,15.3%,Jingpostudents5.5%,Lisustudents5.5%,HuiandWastudentsTheyaredis化ibuteddifferentlyinYunnan.ThemainreasonfbrChinesestudentstootoBurmaisfinancialdifficult.Howevergy,Burmesestudentso化ChinainordertoleamChineseanditscultureandotherknowlede.g,gTheeducationalualitofinaisbetterthanthatofSeetalChBurma.be2qyTable2ReasonsforBurmesestudentsinChinaReaso打sFreuencRe过sonsFreuencqyqyLearningChineseChineseculture1347()Learningmoreknowledge?〇Buildinghomeand<oS,,,6mo化erla打dF’orChinasoodeducation49Parents、decision6gParentsworkanddobusinessin"Foradvanced,434ChinaeducationMarriagesWars4^Bi.Vnecomngamonk.、,iMovinhouse19..3g?ornuninChinaFindingaobinthefii化re14Others6jNoschool打earhome9Source:HeShengda&WangShilu2009)./Vew&7^幻打0?ani('〇'r12305.YPlblihin.)06厂口//0巧EeAveewwwww口巧(^及《1771口:unnan:YunnaneoesPusHouse户()pg34-.Crossbordereth打icemployment’WithChinaseconomicdevelomentthereisarowindemandfbrlaboreseciallinp,,ggpy*recentearswithChineseeoleswaesoinuwhichrovidesaoodoortunitfory,,ppgggppgppy-crossborderethniceoletoworkinChina.ppAccordingtothesurveyconductedbChinanationalconditionsresearchrouinRuili,ygp-therearemancrossborderBurmeseresidentsworki.yinin民uilMostof化eseeolearegppe打gagedintransportation,warehousi打g,construction,trade,serviceandotherindustries.O打化eoneha打d化ehavenolanuaebarrierwhe打emloedinRuiliOn也eotherhand化eyggpy;,yhavesomerelat巧orfriendsRiliarehthemtofd.ivinuwhoelpftilfor:inaobjAt-tecomshecrossborderehnicrousarmoninclanlinuistickinshiandculturalgp,g,pafiliatio打s,theprocessoftheirculturalexchangesismorenaturalanddurable,andmoretoleratinandembracintoeachotherIfhadligg.onecountrysamoreeveopedsocetyand^ane^eShengdaSh.xelomentoBtuaonandthetn>H&Wilu2009NewDurmeseSitiiceraioBetweeng()pfEconomCoop'}^//?/7幻巧305.Yunnan:YunnanPeolesPublishinHouse.pg44 广西大单颗译硕古単位论文2014年东化巧免中'义国际研讨会论文巧巧巧目报吿economresultininasharculturaldiferencebetwee打thetwocountriesitwillbeitey,gp,qu1化ely化at化estrongerculturalsoftpowerwillafectandchange化eculturesof化eo1:hercountry.Tha--erefbrenturalandlonlastinculturalexchanesofcrossborderethnicrouswill,ggggpcreateaharmo打iousatmoshereromo化lon-termstabilitandsustanroseritinborderp,pgyippy,aireas.Accordintothesurve民uiliovemmentsactveefortstoromotetheharmoniosgy,gpu-exchaneatmoshereof化eSinoBurmeseborderlaidaoodfoundationfor江harmoniousgpgfrontier.variouschallenesareinevitableduetorelativelshardifere打cesUndeniabliny,gyp-crossborderethnicareasand化euneve打economicdevelomentofall化ereions.pg4-tt.ChallengesincrossborderehnicculuresexchangesThecross-bor过eTeithnicroustraditonallresideintheremol;eareasinYunnanevengpy,ntheihmountainsandlofthillswithoortransortation.Whilemosttheadacentorihgy,ppjadoininareasofYunnan3巧1:heunderdeveloedreionsinSoutheastAsiaandSouthAsiagpg,jmanwhiltiriiycountriesoficharenao化icaranstio打eoda打dvaroussocialcontradictionsppareconcentratedrobablbri打insomechallenestoYunnana打ditsadacentareasin,py呂ggjtheirdevelopment.il-Thesechallenesaremanrelatedtonontraditionalsecuritissueshgyy.Ontheoneandtheseproblemsarecausedbytheproblemsinregionaldevelopmentprocess;O打theotherh^and,someproblemsarerelatedtowesterndevelopedcountriesstrategyofcontainingChina.4.1BorderillegalmigrationI-nancienttimesthereatflowofcrossborderrousareanimortantartof,ggppp,-mirationcultureandanimortantsourceofcrossborderethnicgrouslifeandrowth.Butgppgsincehumans化ppedintomodemsocietya打dcountriesweredeveloedmiratio打culturep,ghasbee打restricted1:0acertaindegree.Theserestrictionss化mfromlegalsystemsofethnictriesllhi-coun.Thereforessentiaseaki打tellealoulatio打flowsofossboderethnic,eypg,gppcrrgroupsarenoto打lyalawissuebutalsoauniversalsocialroblemthatisnoteastodealpywith.4.1.1GeographicalandhistoricalreasonsYunnanhas13nationalfirstclassportsand7secondclassports.Despiteitsports,there-Accordareanumberof化mporaryborderentryexitchannels(ingtoYunnanCommerceDrtm’,eaentsPortOficessatisfiesatrese打tintheborderareathereexist90bordertradep,p,,channelsand103bordertradefairsandcountlesstrailsandshortcuts.)’uDuetoYunnansuniueeorahand仿rmatio打andthehistoricalolarandqggpy,pp 广西大学翻课硕古单泣论文2014年东亚巧免中*义国际研讨会论文巧巧巧目报吿-nationalfeaturesofoulationflowsincrossboundarreionseoleofbothsidesinthe,ppygppborderareas,inhistory,havekeptcloseandfrequentcontactswitheachother.Although,Chinaand1:hecountrieso打theothersideoftheborderhaveadop化d出ferentinstitutions,botheoplesintheborderareaareweakinnationalconceptsandnationalboundarypconscousnessTreloneenCO打tnuousaaditonalcommunicationssucsvisitini.hehavegbii,hagrelativesandfriends,ge行ingmarriedwithdiferentethnicgroupsa打dpromotingbordertrade,’lowinandraznesowncountrworshiinBuddhistsvisitintemlesandggi呂beyondonyp,pg,gpcelebratingfestivalsandgatherings.Surveysshows化at也ereis0打lyaboundarymonume打tmarking化edividinglineofChinaandViet打aminthemiddleofYinjingvillage,RuiliCounty,triggeringsomeuniquephenomenon,forinstance,avillagelivingChineseandVietnamese,andawellandariverhad-srebtwocountries.Ontheonehandcrossborderethnicrouskeeclosecontactwithy,gppeach0化er,fbrexample,crossing也ebordertovisitrelativesandfriends,gettingmarriedwithdifferentethnicrousandromotinbordertrade.Whiletheeconomicandsocialgppgdevelopmentofborderareasgetpromoted,illegalborderentryandexitseemimpossibletoeradicate.On化eotherhand化eeco打omicandsocialdevelomentof化eborderareaare,prelativelybackward,eoletherehaveweaknationalboundarconsciousnessandaware打essppyof.lawTheseldomrealizeentra打dexitoftheothercountr打eeddocumentsthuscausinyy,ygaconspicuousillegalentryandexitroblemobectivel.pjy’Since1990smassiveand拉Stentrandexithavebeenwitnesse过inYunnansborder.,y,men-WiththedevelotofChinasrefbrma打doeninuandtheadvancesoflealstemppgpgsy,andthema打aementofborderentrandexitisdeveloinraduallaswelletonlafewgypggy,yy’partsofborderpeoplesenteringandexitingtheborderarereallytakenintovalidmanaement.FromJanuartoOctoberin2009thenumberofeolewhoenteredorexitedgy,ppYunna打Portreached145.81millio打,andvehiclesgetingthroughaccumulatedto2.266millionwithanincreaseof95ercentand39.6ercentresectivelearonear.Yet,pppyyy'statisticsshowsthatsince2007ublicsecuritbureausofYunnanovincesborderareas,pyprt2000bottseeattissued0打labou00rdere打trorexiermiverrimlemeninefecivey,ypyy,pg’manaementto80000eolewholivednearChinasborderarea.Butthedataisaarentlg,ppppy-notincludingcrossborderpopulationflowsbetwee打peoplesofbothsidesandvariouskindsofborderentryorexitwithoutpermit.Iftheabovetwokindsofpeopleareinvolved,theactualnumberwillincrease.4.1.2.EconomicreasonsThemos-flAmotcommo打fbrmofcrossborckrpopulationowsiseco打omiccontacts.ng’thesecontactsenteri打andexitineachothersorts化dealwithbordertradearethemost,ggpfreque打t0打e,whileseasonalfarmworki打gandemployme打t,plowing,choppi打gdow打trees,carryingoutwaterdiversion,grazing,fishing,collectingmanureandtakingoutloansinl:he’nearcountriesrank化esecond.ObectivelinrecentearsattractedbChinaseconomicjy,y,ydevelopmenta打dsocialprogressalong比eborderareas,foreig打borderinhabitantsflewinto 1"广西大学顆巧硕女学化论义204年东巫巧免中/义国陈研巧会论义翻i丰巧目报舍Chinafbrsurvivalwhichresultedinlotsofillealimmirationillealresidenceilleal,gg,g,g--femlomenthereinafterreferred1:oasthreeillealstaf.Suchthreeilleals1:arimarilpy(g)gpy-liveo凸beinorsimlework.Accordintothesurve乂threeillealstaffscat化rinnearlgggpggy'allthebordercitiesofYunnaneseciallinBaoshanDehonLincanuerCit,,,,,pyggPyXishuangbanna.4、L3TransnationalmarriagesTraditionalintermarriageiscommo打incross-borderethnicgroupandhasbecomea,,custom.Inrece打tyears0打theonehandduetoYun打anseconomicdevelomentislain,,pgggbehindeseciallinthemountainousareaaconsiderableartofeolelivinaoorlife,py,p,ppgpandoungwomenleavehometoworkindeveloedareasandmanrderidentsmany,boresypyintheterritoryaremoredificult!;〇getmarriedOntheotherhandwiththebackward;,iiieco打omica打dsociala打doltcalinstabilitofVetnamLaosBurmawhe打eihbori打py,,reggYim打a打man打eihborcountrieswomenevenme打arewillintomarrChineseresumin,yg,gy,gnaarnitranstionlmariaesandsettlementsinchina.Accordintostatisticsinmanygg,-DehonborderareasBurmesewomenreachto23millionandthevastmaoritofthemg,,jyiitihHd.Iitihenumbeflveandworkneaceandrecueraeandrasecrennaddontropp,neihborinersonnelinBaoshanCitisuto2702ofwhich0打l653areoflealggpyp,ygdocuments,accountinfor24%of化etotal-g-illegalcrossborderintermarriageisboundtocausetheincreaseofunregisl:eredindividualsandunregisteredhouseholdswhichbringsreatdificulties1:0administrationonghouseholdregistration,census,familyplanning,socialrelief,civilrescue,medicaltreatmentandthelike.In拉milyplanning,fbreig打marriagearemostlycharacterizedbyillegalcohabitatio打andde拉ctomarriage,whichresultinviolationsoffamillanninolicsuchypgpy-asnopermitfertilityortransnationalbirth.I打accordancewithChineseimmirationrelevantgndlawsandregulationsilleallersonnelshouldbeimishedadeortedbutmostofthem,gyppp,havealreadyintegratedintolocallifethroughillegallyIra打snationalmarriageandparenthood.Iftheyareforce过toremove,their拉milywillbedamaed,itmafanudissatisfactionfromgyp化efamiliesandtheublicto化eovernmentandtheublicsecuritoransandeve打causepgpyg,newsocialrob.massincidentsandlemsp4.1,4Illegalmovement-Siiii打cethevastmaortofYimna打crossborderethncareasareoormountanousareasjyp,borderresidentsin化eseareaseve打cannotresolvethemostbasicfoodanddo化inroblem.gpAsaresulttherelativelfavorableCO打ditionsofneihborincountriestrieramassiveyggggemirationofethnicminoritieslfthnillfbWaState.ForexameaerBurmese巧cocarceofgp,reachedapeacefulagreementwithBurmesegovernment,theformerformulatedaplanto-mirate100000eole化settleinMe打nue打andYanchenalo打ThaiBurmabordering,ppggyggthesouthwithaseriesofpreferentialpoliciessuchasofferingfood,allocationfeeand 广巧大単顆课硕古學拉论文20U年东化巧免中国标巧巧会论文辆课巧目报告productio打andlivingappliances,providinghousing,andfreeeducationforchildren,whichalsoattractedalotofChinesepeopleintheborderarea.Accordingtomcomplekstatistics,2832eoleof799householdsoftheWaLahuandHanieoleinLancanXimenpp,ppg,g,Me打lia打Gou打tiesinYunna打movedtoWia客tateinDurma.I打additio打aftertheCO打flicting,30000-KokanBurmaabouteoleofcrossborderousswarmedintoYunnanChinag,,,ppgrp,,andmostof化emareChineseeolewhoilleallmovedt:oKokan.ppgygi-4tionborderhnic.2Nationalidenttyandeducaocross巧rousfgpUndertheASEAN10+3CulturalCooerationFrameworkraduallincreasedtravelsp,gy-ehanrn-andcrossbordrexcesbilleestolnationaldt化bodeticgngchag:heienyofcrossrrehnrous.Forinstancein2011,influencedbthewesterncountriesthenewBurmagp,y,ovemmenttookmandemocratizedmeasuresincludinreleasinliticalrisoners,呂y,ggpoplishi打mediacensorshieseciallfreeinlo打-termblockadetosomreaboi打newsgp,pyggefogwebsitessuchasVOA,BBCandYouTube.Therefore,somespeechesparticularlyon‘‘’’-lSinoBurmaatio打sca打freelsreadinBurmacausindifere打tvoiceaboutChreinayp,gs,-whichinflue打ce过crossborderethnicrousinYunnanthrouh化oseinBurma.,gpg’mWhatsmore,intheprocessofdemocratictransformation,anyBurmeseminoritiesarticiatedintheoliticalreconciliatio打rocess.I打the2010eneralelectionmanppp,pgyforeoliticalartiesofethnicgroupsstoodlectio打a打dwonseatsince打trala打dlocalpparhanii-diliamentsandSeoleSaMaokanwaselec化dvceresient.Minoriteshadrihtsp,ppgpg’toseakichrimarilchanedthesituationthatminoritiescouldtarticiateinoliip,whpy呂npppitcsduriner.heg化eiodofArmGovemme打tT打ewovernmenthoestoherebromoteeacepygpypp-andrealize打atli.Wihahinoritiinbodiionaunttartoftesemesbecrossrerethncrousypggp,-allthoseintensifiednationalide打tityandculturalidentitofcrossborder巧hnicrous.ygpMeanwhile,化eBurmesecentralgovernmentimplementedma打y拉vorablepolicies,whichreall-bodehniinBudllfgtyappeatocrossrretcareasrmaanposeanewchaengeor-crossborderethnicrousinYunan.gpMoreover,educatio打isoneoftheimportantmeansandwaystoinflue打ceacountry、-valuesandideoloies.Therovidersofthecrossborderhihereducationusuallatthegpg,yt-tcenerorsubceneroftheinternationaleducationsstemoratthecenterofthesstemrimyy,alwaystakeadvantagesoftheirdominanceinthehihereducationfieldtoexanditsgp-ideoloicali打filtratio打inthepoliticalculturala打dvaluefieldsofthecrossborderhiherg,geducationrecipientcountries,whoseculturewillbecomeadependencya打devenvanishat-last.Theexportofthecrossborderhighereducationisasignificantwaytoexorttheculturepofwesterndeveloedcountrieswhichinfactoffersaculturalatternfornewldeveloedp,pypcountriesbutilizheidtlliiIltfintromina灯cuturaosto打.打asenseasasueme打orwesternyg,ppp>’countriesdilomaticaroachesandanexansionofthesecountriesoliticstheexortofppppp,ph-bodtecrossrerhighereducationaimstounremittinglyromulateandimlanttheoliticalpgppvaluesandideoloiesofthewesternnationsandtoracticeculturalexansionandgpphe呂emonisminthesoftoweraression.pgg 广巧大単翻巧硕古典tt论文20V义国际巧讨会论文巧译巧目报告14年东亚研巧中-Amonthecrossborder巧hnicrouseoleinstraite打edconditionsaccountforoverggp,pp70%of;llihthihalhuithetotaouato打ofteencroussucsBanLaWaa打dLisu.Therato,,ppgpgfo-boundaisashighas90%rDrun.Yunnancrossrreionsareinhabitedbrelativelgygyyconcentratedimoverishedoulationsotheeolethereareoorerandtheovertreliefppp,ppppyworkismoredificulttocarrout.I打additio打thesereio打saresensitiveinoliticsy,gp,nationalitiesreliionsandecolo.,ggy-bodiit-itiYunnancrossrermnorynensvecommunitiesarelocatedinoorandbackwardpmountainousareaswherethehighmountainsandthesl;eepslopesattributetothe-inconvenienttra打sportatio打conditions.Manycrossborderethniceolehave打0knowledeppgoftheChinesela打guage,norhavertieywalkedoutofthemountainousreionsthatthehavegydwelledinforgenerations.TheirknowledgeaboutYunna打andotherpartsofChinaissolimitedthattheycouldonleducatetheirchildrenbwhatthehaveheardandseenintheyyy-borderareasa打d化eneighboringcountries.Asaresultthecrossborderethnicstudentshave,littleidentityofChinaorChinesecultureandtheirthouhtsandudmentscanbeeasilgjgymfluencedbytheexternalenvironment.Althoughthepolicyofre仿rmandope打inguphasdeepenedtheexchangesbetwee打Chinesemainla打dandborderareas,tosomeextent,,mainlandpeoplesmigration1:0theborderareashasnarrowedthespacebetweenthem.Hsthe-oweverai打fluenceonthecrossborderethnicroushasbeenstrenthenedblhe:,gpgy打eihboringcountriesthesituatio打oftheborderareashasbecomeeve打moreintricate.g,Viel-arousrigiousgrousandnongovernmentorganizationsdisguisethemselvesasph-pilanthropiststoinfluencethecrossborderethnicpeoplea打dtheirofspringbydistorting’-theconce.foreiiruestatetsTherethecrossborderethncrouseducatio打isanvagp,gp,itartfotheedcationof.morta打ruChineseculturalvaluesandsecuritWhatsmoreschoolppy,tiuihec-bodieducaionhasbecomethemanwaytoeqptrossrerethncstudentswiththeknowledgeof化eirmo化erlanda打dtocultivate化eirnationalCO打sciousness.Insuchborderblulh-iilareaswhichareasoteoorteovertofcrossborderethncrousdrectaffectsyp,pygpytdlbli.illiheireducationansociastaityEspecayunder1:hebackgroundofeconomcilidhdilglobalization,theriseofnewnatonasmleastoteevationofculturavaluesofYunnan--crossborderethnicgroups.Crossborderethnic呂roupshavesomedoubtsabo山nationalititforthereisawideainetibtbidenylementareducaoneweenorderareasandnnerareasgpy-inYunna打.Crossborderethnicgroupsgiveup也eright化chooseChineseeducationandculturebecauseofu打拉ireducatio打andstarttoaatentiontothereferentialolicofpyppyeducatio打inneihborincountries.Althouhtheeconomof打eihborincountrisnotgggyggydeveloedcomaredwiththatofChinatheeducatio打olicof打eihborincou打trfbrpp,pyggy-borderareasismorefavorablethan化atofChi打awhichleadstosomecrossborderethnic,groupssendingtheirchildre打toneighboringcountrytoreceiveeducatio打.Someschoo^aegchildrenalsofollowtheirarents!:〇workinneihborincountrandattendschool.Somepggy’-childre打fromcrossborderethnicrousfamilhavetodrooutfortheirarentscannotgpyppaffordthetuition色es.DroinoutearlsomechildrenweresenttoleamBuddhisminppgy,^templesoftheneighboringcountr.BecausethehaventrealizedatriotismandnationalyypconsciousnessandwereafeUedbfbreinreliio打andusedbhostileforcessomechildreny,ggy 广西大学翻译硕古単位论文2014年东亚研免中/义国称研巧会论文巧译巧目报吿-worko打cross-sl;arttoengageinillegalcrossbordersmugglingandgraduallybordersmugglingand0化ertrans打ationalcrimes.Neihborincoimtriesandare过sofYunnanhaveintroducedaseriesoffavorableoKcesggp-forcrossborderethnicgroupssincethelate1990s.Thesepolicieshavegenerated巧rongimactwhichaverisetotheincreaseofinstabilitthb.hpgyineorderareasAtteborderareasof’’--Yunna打actuallost90sstude打tsfromcrossborderethnicrous位milhaventobtained,y,pgpy-anbenefitsfromtheolicofreformandoeninu.Thereforeforcrossborderethnicypyp呂p,rouseidtitiittilitt-ltureidiithnicensmoremortan化an打aonadeniandeocuenttsgp,ypygymoreimportantthanChinesecultureidentity.4.3及eligionenetrationp民eliio打isa打imortantartofideoloaswellasthecenterofculturewithsgppgytrong"e打etration.Itisakindofii巧cantbeliefresourceandsocialhenomenonwhichcanrallpsgnpywithreatrealisticower.I打secialconditionreliio打couldbeefectivecarrierofgpp,glmaintainin打ationalsecuritbutcoudalsobetheimortanttooltoeoardizenationalgy,pjp’"securityV民eliio打enetrationreferstothatoverseashostileforceswhoattemt1;ointerve打ewithgp,preligiousaffairsofChinaandacceptbelieversandestablishreligiousorganizationusingreliio打ast:oolsviola化ChineselawsandreulationswithinChinaandoverturnthevalueg,gsstemofsocialismsoastoachievewesternization.民eligionpenetratio打isnotanewyproblembecauseithasaearedsi打cetheestablishmentofNewChinai打1949.Itisustin,ppjthecurrentconditionthatreligionenetratio打intheborderareashasatrendtorei打forcesop,comprehe打sivemeasuresshouldbeadoptedtoavertit.^Accodh-ringtotheresearch,teexchangeiatioofcrossborderethnicreligiousismoredfr-comlicatedaneuentthaneneralimaination.I打eneralthecrossborderethnicpq呂gg,religiousconsciousnessoutsideYunnanismuchstrongerthanthatinsideYunnan.Overseas*-bodthiftttthesilfltfcrossrerencrousoensrenhe打ocaio打olithrhliigpgmciegio打ougregousfe-stivalsorreliiousceremonieswhichisaartofthereliioustraditionofcrossborderg,pgethnicreligion.ForexamletheDaiinYunnanandShani打BurmabelieveinBud过hismbutrecentlp,^yTheravada良uddhismi打filtratio打isrelativelactive.I打e打eraleachDaivillaei打theyg,g-bodcrossrerethnicareasinYu打打a打oncehadaBuddhisttemple.Sincethereformandoe打i打uduetotheimactofthemarketeconoma打dforeinculturema打Daieolepgp,pyg,ypphavebeenenaedineconomicactivitiesandhavelosttheenthusiasmover目uddhistafairsggtheusedtohaveManDilkliiiii.Thly.ounaare打oonereenonreousactvtesoseeoeyygggppfrombetereconomicconditio打s拉miliesarereluctanttosendtheirchildrentobemonks,leadintolessnumberof化mle.ThfrtthDiillmonksorevennomonkerebreaofeavaegp,,pg33"’Da'i扣沈己.007?民eonandNatonalSecu.幻口户£〇?£■?Pw/c/wersi雌口liiirity//WSecwr(VSocal)g//砂吟(SciencesEdition4:129.)() 广西大単巧译硕古单化论文2014年东亚研免中/义国欣研讨会论文巧译巧目报告hadtoaskaforeignertobecomeamonk,sometimeseventohireabbotsfromBurmaorLaostoheldmonasticafairsandreligiousactivities.Ithas打otonlybrouhtanextremeladversegy,imactforthedevelomentofYunnanTheravadaBuddhismbutalsoviolated化ecountrspp,yreliiousolic.Inadditio打itafectstosomeextentthe打atio打alsecurit.gpy,,,yTheJingpoethnicgroupinYunna打believ巧inAnimism,aprimitivereligion.In化em-id19thcenturywhe打westernersi打vadedBurmasomeChristia打missionariescameto化e,JinoethnicrouinYunna打ortotheKachinareaofBurma.I打1887anAmericangpgp,missiorcalledLoncametoBhamoandranaschooltheKsreadinknowledeaboutnayy,pggChristianitandWesternculture.In1892a打otherAmericanmissionarGeiscametoBhamoy,y,thenbegantoreachinMyitkyinain1:hefbl]owingyearandopenedaJingposchool.In1890,pa打Americanmissio打arycouple,Mr.&Mrs.O.Ha打son,cametoBhamoandbega打tocreateJiocharacters.In1893化efinallcomlet;edJinocharadersromwhichwatngp,yypgppgrasupintoracticeofficiallin1895.pyChristiancultureinJingpohasprovidefavorableconditionsforthespreadanddevelopmentofChristianitinJinoareas.ChurchesdeveloedraidleseciallaftertheygpppypyJingpocharac化risappliedinreligiousschoolsinareaslikeBhamoandMyitkyina.Missio打ariestranslatedandeditedlotsofB化le,HymnandreligiousbooksinJingpoversion,utilizi打theromotionofcharacterasameanswhichhasattractedalotofGhristia打itgp,ybe.thtitBhBttitilieversOnisbasishemissionaresesablishedamoBurmaaisA巧ocaonin,pBhamoandsixbra打chesinMitkinaLuokonSumrabumGuikaiLeizheMe打babei.yy,g,p,,,gthh,Fromthe19cerUurytopresent,teChristianityinBurmasJingporegionhasspreadanddevelopedformorethanonehundredyears.Thechurchescontinuetogrowandchurch,d-schldeveiffeirimooslointorentradesncludinarintermediateaihradepg,gpy,ndhggseminar.iesBe仿re1949,Europea打andAmerica打clergiesspreadallovertheDehongPrefecture’wherellllhewhereJnolive1:hecontroeda化0churcs.In1化ePeolesLerationigp950,化,ypA*rmyenteredandga打isonedinDehong.AlthoughallEuramericanclergiesweieevacuatedfromDehongregion,也eystillcontrolledthelocalchurchesbyitsagents.TheChine化local’"w-overnmentsreuiredJingposdisciplestocomlyith化epri打ciplesoftheThreeselfgqp"P---atrioticMovementselfgovemanceselfsuortandselfroaatio打whichreversed(,pp,ppg),'thesituationofWesternhtrllinJinch.churcconogosurchgp-HoweverwiththedemocraticreforminBxxrmamanwesternnonovernmental,,ygorganizationsNGOareunderthebannerofhumanitarianismtoincreasemissionareforts()y’’i打BurmasKachinandstrenthenttiiJiiiiillt;heenerao打nnosrelouseolewhchwgpgpgpp,undoubtediit.lyhaveacertainmact0打theJ打oGhrisiansofYunnanpgp4.4Borderdrugsmuggling-Itisaverysharissueofdrugsmugglingatthecrossborderethnicgroupareasinp-Yunnan.Becauseofthebloodtieandterritorconnectionthecrossborderethnicrousy,gpinsideYunna打haveaclosecontactwiththeforeig打groussharinsameoriinsoutsidepgg 广西大学巧译硕女単征论义2014年东亚巧巧中/义国标巧讨会论文巧译巧目报吿Yunnaninwhichrovidesanaturalandconvenentcoverfordrusmuliinsomeareas.,pggggAccordingtotheresearchandanalsisfromtheinvestiatinrouofnationalconditions,itygggpisnoticedthatdrugsmulininYunnanoftenhaensinsomeconcentratedareasofgggppcross-borderethncrousalontheborera打dtherowthis拉Stigpgd,g.F’ivelacesrefecturesandmunicipa化ies)ofYunnansborderareasincludingp(p,Baoshan,Dehong,Lincang,SimaoandXishuangbanna,and14counties(cities)areadjacent"’,tothedrusourceareaGoldenTrianle.AsdirectlborderingonVietnamLaosBurmaggy,,withoutnaturalcoversfordefe打se,化eybecome化eimportantchannelfordrugstoflowintoChinaa打dabroad.Bytaking化eseriousdrugtrafickingofDaia打dJingpolivinginDehon呂AutonomousPrefectureastheexamleDehonPrefectureislocatedinthe打Orthofolde打Trianleofp,gGgBurmadrubasewhichisatrianleembedBurmainthewesternedeof.hYunnanItstreeg,ggsidesofthesouth,westandnorthwestareborderingontheUnio打ofBurma,whichisawholeareaofmountainsa打drivenwith打orthemBurma.Hereareungleseverywherewithjittainroadsbecominaunueldiiilnermounianscaenthisreo打ofafieldavlaeastreet,,gqpg,gsharedbytwocountries.Theseconve打iente巧emalchannelsplaya打importantroleineconomicdevelomentbutitalsoosesdificultiesforintercetinanddefensindrusp,ppgggwhenthedrugabuseproblemissowidespread.Drugtraffickers,takingadva打ta呂eoft:hesegeographicalconditionsandconstantlychangingmeansandmethods,smuggledlargeamountsofdrusintoChinaeasil.Deho打geworsthitareawasoneofthe7channelsgy,化,announcedbytheMinistrofPublicSecuriti打2004.Inrecentearsauarterof化eyyy,qcapUireddruswerefromDehonwheretheover500kilometersborderlinehasnoanggynaturebarriers.Andithasbecomeamaorchannelforexternaldrusenterinthedomesticjggdrugmarketandaroadthroughwhichdrugscanbeexortedoverseas.SuchanobectivepjhicalCO打ditilieorapio打isthema打causeoframpa打tdrugsmuninYuiman.gggggInaddition,therapidgrowthofdrugtrafickingandtherelativelyinadequatelawsincrackindowndrucrimes,tocertainextentrestricted比eintensitdefectivenessofthegg,yan--mesfihtsagainstdrugrelatedcri.Inrecentearsdrurelatedcrimes化ndedtobegy,gcollectivizedandrofessionalizedandsomemaordrugcaseswerewelloranizedandp,jgs-op巧ated行anregio打ally.Itiscommo打forpolicetocarry0打i打vestigationsandarrestcriminalsusectsinotherlaceseveninothercountries.Howeverduetothemutualshuffle,,ppanddisutesbetweentheudicialsectorsofthebordercountriessomecasestakelontimep,jgtosolveorremainunsolved.SincetBul;helongborderlinebeweenrmaandChinaandt;hemarriaebetwee打twosidesitisdifficulttoidentithenationalitofborderers.g,fyy5.Coun化rdsuitneasuresanggestonsInreso打setotheabovementionedchalle打esthecentralandlocalovernmentspg,gshouldworktogethertosolvetheexistingroblemsfundamentalltocreateaharmoniouspy+situationfbrtheASEAN103cooperation. 广西大单翻译硕古学位论文20H年东化研突中/义国际研巧会论义颗课巧目报告5-.1Strengthen;nternationalcooperationtocombatcrossbordercrimesItisessentialtoimplementinternationalcooperatio打1:0dealwithissuessuchasillegal-crossborderflowssmulindruabductinwomena打dchildre打andothercrimes.For,ggg呂,gexamplethedetectionofOct.5MekonTraedwassuccessfullcarriedoutbolices,ggyyypfromChina,Burma,LaosandThailand.-FirststrenthentheinformatJo打exchaneamonneihbori打countries.Crossborder,gggggcrimesareverhiddenandcoverwideareaswkhintwoormorecountrieswhichwillleadany,uncertaincollectionoftheinformation.Itwilleffectivelycrackdownthecrimes,iftheinformationexchangesystemsareestablishedinrelevantcountriestofulfillaninformationandresourcesharing.Second,intensifyinternationaljudicialcooperatio打?Hereitmainlymeanscriminaludiciala巧iseinclenhancintheextraditio打ofcriminalseinforcinistal:ancudingrssnceinj,g,gafmdi打gevide打ceagai打Stmo打eylaimderingcrime(forhista打ce,acceptingthecommissionofforeigncourts!;〇helpinvestiga化,化arch,detain,deliverandsoo打)andcoordinatingin化erecoveractionfromoverseascrimerofits.ypThirdestablishacross-reionalcooerationmechansmForexamlenuntraditionali.a,gpp,securitcooeratio打mechanismundertheGMSframewithersonnelcapitalandypp,manaementinlaceshouldbesetu.TheChineseovernmentshouldcarroutacomletegppgypsetofersonneltraininsst:emeseciallinl;hoseundeveloedneihborhoodsandpgypypg-imlementthe化ans打at.pionalcooperation5.2Intensifyeortsonovertalleviationandreeelementareducationfpyfy-TheborderareasinYunnanrovincearehometothebackwardcrossnationalethnicpgroups,featuringini打convenient化ansportatio打.Forexample,the1353kmborderlinebetweenChinaandVietnamhaslongbeeninthestateofwarfrom1949to1988.Theethnicgroupsheremadegreatcontributionsandsacrificesto化emo化erlandprotectio打from’numerouswarssuchasassistinVie记amswaraainstFranceassistinVietnamwar,gg,g—aai打StAmericaa打dtheSelfdefe打seWaraai打StVietnam.Duetotheimactofwarsman呂gp,yfactoriescountrsideshosaenciesandschoolswererazedtotheroundandtheseborder,,,ypggareas拉iledtotakeadvantageoftheeconomicconstructio。opportunitiesandthusstiU’f-sueredfromovertandbackward打ess.Whatsmoretheostwarroblemsstillbotherspy,pp化elocalcadresa打d化emasses.Thereare16poorcountiesalongYunna打border,ofwhich13areethnicgroupautonomouscountiesand109villagessupportedbytherovincialovertreliefroram.Allppypghca--teseareashaveveryweakacitforselfaccumulationandselfdevelomenteseciallpyppy化oseethnicgroupsincludi打gLahu,lisu,Nu,Drunga打dWa,whotransformedfrom化elateprimitivesocietytothesocialismsocietyafter化eHberationa打dareundevelopedwithlowproductivity.Accordingtothesurve乂apartfromafewHopeprimaryschoolsestablishedbythe 广西大单顆译硕古学化论文2014年东化研免中*义国巧巧巧会论义颗译巧目报告countryandcounterartconstructionaidrovincesandthesecialschoolsinvestedbthepppyrovi打cialeducatio打deartme打tsthemaoritoftherimara打dseco打darschoolsi打thepp,jypyyiltlthboinitiitthinvlagesandownsaongerderareasarepoorcondonwhloweacginfrastructuresandlowt;eachingcompet;ence.Mostteachersherehaveloweducationdegree,",,34reacedthrouhadulteducationandthreecommu打cationsFewteacherswhichaquirgi.graduatedfromnormalu打iversitiesorotherundergraduateuniversitiesinsideandoutsidetherovinces.Inthepastteachershereweremainlfromthenormalschoolsandthenormalp,yschoolsforethnicgroupsin化e8bordercitiesand25bordercounties.I打recentyears,wkhthecancellatonandtransfbrmatio打ofthenormalschoolsandnormalschoolsforitio打alitiesraduatesfromWe打shanColleeSimaoNormalTraininolleeLinca打na,gg,gCg,gNormalTraininColleeDehonNormalTraininolleeBaoshanolleeandHonhegg,ggCg,CggCollegearethemaorteachingresourceshere.Althoughthequalityofteachersandschoolsjtsalontheborderhasotreatimrovementt;eachersareunwilli打tostalondueinowngggp,gygtodificu化conditions,lowpay,lackofinfortnatio打andi打CO打venienttransportation.Teachersdvancedhavfedhooii:ithadereesetransrretosclsnthecountctreio打sa打dteacherswgy(yg,)-whostayintownsalontheborderarethosewhohavelowleveleducationorthosewhoetggmarriedwithlocalethniceole.Suchsituationattracts色w化achers1:0sta化achinsomeppyg,^evenchooseto化achi打theneihborincountrieswhichmaketheeducationetti打sewoi.gg,ggBasedontheabovesituations,thecentralgovernmentshallstre打gthenpovertyrelief-efortsatcrossborderethnicreionsinYunnanandotherreio打s.Firstconstructroadsatallgg,lhlhnirilinihhemainldinfildfloiilevestoeetcouseasettouchwttanesostcspgpygg,informationandcapitalSecond,intensitythescaleofinvestmenttoeducationin-crossborderethnicreions.Therefbrethefundamentalroblemistoutthefreeg,ppcompulsoryeducationintoractice.p5.3Givefioritytodeveloculturalundertakingspp-ethnI打generalcrossbordericreionsaretheweakreionsofChineseculture,ggCO打stmction.Itissuscept化letobeinfluencedbysurroundingregionsandisthekeareatoysafeguardnationalculture.Givingpriorityto也edevelopmentofculturalundertakingsin-bodemoncrossrrethnicregionshelpstomaintainharyandstabilityandcreateasoundenvironmentforthedevelopmentofculturalindustries.Firstcarroutcultureoectstobenefitthemasses.Inviewofthecharacteristicsof,yprj-weakculturalinfrastructurei打crossborderethnicregionsi打Yimnanlocalovernmentsshall,gincreasei打vestme打tfiscallya打di打tellectuallytosupportthepublicwelfarea打dcultural34‘‘"ThreeCommunicationsreferstoa仿rmoffiirth巧educationforacademicdegreesthroughcorrespondenceeducation'co-化ubteacherlleetelliteteleviioncationandselfhtexamination.rallsstuysgs,sasedugGeneypeaking,dentswhohassat""’化ese-lftaughtoncanreceiveTreeommuntonswi化hiscoe.Werea化teotexaminai化ehCicaisrshs,eyhavtdonCO打tueostudorakeexaminatonsonesubectsteyavealreadyasseso打gaseasrterecaonintyti化jhhp江Al化s化efbhdutiypexaminationson化erestreuiredsubects化ecanetadiplomawhichwillbesealedbytherovncacommit化eforqjyiil,gp"-wUhselftaughtexaminationsantsthool虹ilsllbewrint;htersoTrdhehoscad出tionthedomaha打eeletfhee,pCommunications. 广西大単颗巧切古学位论文2014年东亚研究中/义国际巧讨会论文翻译通目报告activitiesinruralcommimities,giveappropriatesubsidiestoamateurart1;eaminruralregions,andcarryoutvarious仿rmsofculturalactivitiesatthebasiclevelineth打icreionsandgencouragehealthylifestyles.I打additionlocalovernmentshallinve巧moreintheconstructionofublic1化raries,g,pmuseums,etc.Secondrotecttheintan-ibleculturalheritaeofcrossborderethnicrous.Accordin,pgggpg-matothesecondlistofnationalnonterialculturalheritageYunnanaccountsfor35which,,killfoincludesfb化culture,music,dance,art,ssandlklorewhichmostlbelongto,ycross-borderethnicrous.Andiftheseintan化leculturalheritaearewellro1:ecteditwillgpggp,-lihiiiiflplaya打vitalroenstrents打nostvenuenceofcrossborderethnicrousinYunna打ggpgpto化e打eighborhoods.-Torot;ectintan化leculturalheritaeincrossborderethnicrousthlocalpgggp,eovemme打tshallbeversuortivetotheuida打ceofolicflmdinandersonnel.呂ypp呂py,呂pThird,stre打gthentheculturallegislatio打.Formaorissuessuchasthebuildinofublicjgpculturalservicesstemthedevelome打ta打dlanninofcultur过1i打dustriestherotectio打ofy^ppg,p,culturalheritaeandthebuildinofculturalmarketthelocaleolesconressesandrelat:edgg,ppglegislativedepartmentsshoulds1:artlegislationinvestigationsandresearches.Whenconditionsermitlocalculturalreulationsshouldbemadeassoonasossiblesoastop,gp,providelegalrotectio打for也erovincewithowerfiilanddiversifiedethniccultures.ppp-Iiikinbodehnicldadiinaddtontaadvantaeofcrossrretendoenouscutureanonn,gggjggeography,YunnancanjointlyapplyfbrIrans打ationalWorldHeritageSitew化hthe打eihbori打countries.I打theborderareasofGhi打aLaosBurmaa打dThailandtheWorldgg,,,CulturalHeritagefeaturingbioloicaldiversitandethnicculturaldiversitcanbealiedgyypp"’,jointlyt;obuildinganInternationalGolde打QuadrangleParkaswellast;heWorldCultural-V-Heritaecoverin民ed民iverandYunnaniet打amrailwaalontheSinoVietnameseborderggyg,whichshouldbeointlro化ctedandrationalldeveloed.jypypByjointlyapplyingfbrtheWorldCulturalHeritage,identitiesofcultureandvaluesaresixenthene过andaoodfoundatio打forbuildingaharmonioussurroundinislaid.ggg5EldiitCMlt.4ectiveyssemnaenesecuurefThecoreofculturalsafetyistostrengthenitscultureandeffectivelyspreaditscultureasll-we.I打thecrossboundaryreio打straditionalChinesecultureshouldbeefectivelsreadg,yp■tChioenhanceineseculture.Accordngtotheresearchournalssuchas公幻巧a巧口,j,ThatchandMekongarepublishedinBurmese,LaotianandThailanguagesrespectivelyand,lissuedtoBurmaLaosandThaiand.MostoftheseournalsreortedChinasonies,jpp,eco打omcultureButduetolacksideratovethelocalcultuls.aofCO打io打rra打eedsuchy,,lsatllreceivedi.ournare打owein比eneghboringcountriesjInthesurroundingareasitisnotnecessariltointroduceChinesecultureinChinese.,yInstead,化elocalla打guageorE打glishcanbeusedforbettercirculatio打,whichisuptothesecificcrcumstancesofneihborincountries.ForexamleinBurmanowsomeofthepiggp,,己5 广西大単巧课硕古単化论文20j14年东化巧免中义国际研讨会论文巧巧巧目报告localpeoplearesensitivetoChinaandChinesepeople.Asaresult,ifChineseisthemediumofculturaltransmissionthebarrbrwillberelativellare.Enlishisthesecondoficial,ygglanuaeinBurmawhereeoleareroficientinE打lish.Allotherschooltextselementarggppp呂(y,mid姐ea打dhighschool,andu打iversity),inadditiontolanguageone,areallmadeinEnglish.PeoplewholeamChineseunnecessarilyhaveacrushonChina.Chinesepeopleaccountfbr5%of化epopulationinBurma,whileoficialsbelieveattcometoButtstrttessotleas10%.ManeolermawihouhowingheiChineseideniiheyp,plocalsfeelthreatenedbtheChinese.IfChinastillromo化theChinesedeseratelitwillyppy,deepenresentmentofBurmatowardsChina.In1967,overseasChineseschoolsinBurmaengagedin化eCulturalRevolutio打,tryingtooverthrow化ecentralgovernment.Asaresult,bh'theywererere巧edtecentralovernment.WithChinasmassiveinvestmententerinpygg,Bu,ThrmasfearandanxietyfbrChinaincreased.ouhBurmesestillacceptChineseandgoveasChnese-frseilarescaleoChineseeducationarenotwelcome.Burmadoesnotallow,gtheConfuciusInstitutebutGo打fliciusClass.Burmanowhasmorethan300-ChineseIanguagetutorials.TheinvestmentonChineseeducatio打foroverseasChineseshouldnotbeincreasedtoomuch.ThustheChineseculturecanbetransmittedinEnglishorBurmese.5Shentilii.5trengtmanagemenandromotonoreousworkpfg民eliionlasadualroeithl:tiChinlture.0打theonehandlneroeconofesecugpyp,,religiousbeliefsasartofAepeolesbeliefsin化ehistoryca打beusedtoresolvesocialpp-conflictsandsocialinteration.Crossborderethicrousenofullreiifrgnlouseedomofgpjygbelievintheirownethnicreliio打orforeinreliionwhichisreulatedbtheChinesegggg,gystitutiona打drelevantlawsa打dreulat.IttrtttGo打gionsisalsoa打importanai打theroecio打ofpp‘‘civi.liiliikhihadbtwol1化ertiesForexamen民uareanthearareawereonevillaessrep,,pgyri’’countesanumberofDai巨uddhisttemleswereconstructedandDaieoleand目urma,ppp-Shaneoleconductworshiinthem.Crossborderculturalidentitcanunite1:henatio打andpppy’beeneficialforbordersstabUitandharmon.byyOntheotherha打drdiio打isofte打usedbforeinforcesasatooiltobreakthestabilt,gygyandharmonofborderareas.Inthissenseitisnecessartostre打the打themanagementandy,ygpromotionofreligiouswork.Thelocalovernmenti打theborderareasshouldstrenthenreliionmanaementandggggimprovetheualitandlevelofma打aementstafCaitalinvestmentshallbeincreasedtoqygpimrovethecurrentreliiousmanaementofoorinstittionsandlackofstaffThpggpu.e比-manaementteamsshallbestrenenedandimrovedwththin.tggpieabUityofantienetratIpg’*isalsonecessartoihliihNiliilihhayintensteubceducato打ofteatonsieousoctroufyp呂pygvarwatiimhel1tietyofsa打dtosarenoefors化conscientousllement1:oiciesso:hat:heypypplfrii化emaoritofreliiouseoecanreallenotheeedomofrelousbeliefrotectedbjygppyjyg:yppolicy,a打dimprovestheirabilitytoide打tifyandresistthepe打etratio打ofreligion. 广巧乂掌巧译巧r古单位论文2014年来巧巧巧中A巧巧研咐会论文巧巧巧目报告Appendix111TerminologyList按首字母拼音排序",,M目脑纵歌imaoZcmggeCarnivalafestivalwhere泣lareamountofeoledancin(gppgtogether)",,Water-SrFe泼水节pinklingstival,",,",兰沟通threecommunicationsakindofcertificatecombininvocatio打aleducation(g^corresondenceeducatonandadueionpiltducat)",,云月节LunarMarchFestivalarandal过ofBaieolefortradininannualhmar(ggppgMarch)",,'S自革新()-PtrMovt-自传、自治、自养Threeselfaioticemen(selfovernanceg,'sef-suortand-lppselfroaation,ppg)《关于促进边境贸易发展有关财税政策的通知》(财关税[2008]90号)NoticeontheRelevantFiscalandTaxPoliciesonPromotingtheDevelopmentofBorderTradeNo.902008oftheMinistryofFinance([])2012中国德宏瑞丽泼水节暨首届红木文化节:2012ChinaDehongRuiliSonkranFestivalga打dthefir巧ahoanGulturalFestivalMgy阿昌族Achang安居乐业、休养生子Liveandworkinpeaceandcontentme凸t;restandraisechildren八莫Bhamot保卫■祖国defendourmoherland本科高校undergraduateunivers化ies磬差奴Phetchbun边疆地区borderareas边境沿线alongtheborder边民互市Bordertrade边民互市通道thechannelofthebordertrade己7 广巧大单巧课巧I女単tt论义2014年乂化巧巧中A留巧巧巧会论义翻课巧百报吿布朗族Blang布依族BouyeiFlower-oeDancn的tivalafesiveeneoeance打ear泣ole踩花山节pligF(tdaywhppldpdecoratedwithflowerstoworshitheirancestorsandwhenounladsacourttotheirpygpybelovedones)藏麵语族e拉milies/branchesofthe、壮個语族、孟高棉语族和苗瑶语族languagT-Mon-KhmMiao-YaoibetoBurmanZhuanDonerand,gg,成人教育adulteducation川扩ienkhuanXgg达府Tak大理:Dali俸獻Dai禅邦ShanState挣族Shanei德昂族Dang敌对势力hostileforces东盟10+3文化合作框架TheASEAN10+3CulturalCooperationFramework(includingthe10ASEANnationsplusChina,JapanandROIC)东盟一中日韩+(103)文化部长会议MeetinofteASEANMinistersRe巧onst)leforCultureandArtsAMCAandheAMCAgh()tPlusThreeAMCA+3()、crimeCOectivzationndrofessali毒品犯罪集团化职业化DrugUiapionsm独龙族Drung对口援建省份counterpartconstructionaidprovincesefenst-titt对越自卫反击作战divecouneratackfighingagansVienam二类日岸secondclassortsp非法居留人员overstayers58 广西大单巧译巧女学化论文2014年义巧巧巧中A。巧巧W会论文巧译巧目报含非法迁居illegalmove非法入境、非法居留、非法就业illegalimmigration^illegalresidence,illegalen^loyment非法同居illegalcohabitation丰沙里Phongsali扶贫攻坚overtyreliefroramppg贵开Guikai国家非物质文化遗产名录nationalnonmaterialculturalheritaeg一国家类口岸thenational&stclassports国情调研组Nationalconditionsresearchgroup果敢地区theKokangregion哈尼族Hani回族Hui会晒BanHouayxay基础教育:elementaryeducation基础免费教育freeelementareducationy解放liberation金HGoldenTrianle角g浸礼会BaptistChurch经济賴射效应:Ecoiiomicradiationefects景洪Jinonghg景颇族Jingpo克木人Khmu克钦邦KachinState跨国躲生ecretarturitionoverseassp跨国犯罪活动transnationalcrimesea-u跨境非法走私Illglcrossbordersmgglingcross-borderierucaton跨境高等教育hghedi巧 广西大单巧巧巧古洋位论义2014年东化巧巧中A因巧締巧会论文巧巧巧目化吿ross-bordert跨境民族Cehnicrous/transnatkmalnationaKtgpy跨境民族地区cross-boundaryreionsg口illeal-跨境民族非法人流动问gmigrationissuesofthecrossborderethnicrousgp-bordertt跨境民族就业Crossehnicenq)Ioymencross-reional跨区域合作化制gcooperativemechanism拉祐族Lahu拉基人Lajipeople’莱洲laizhou、山罗SonLa、清化ThanhHoa、义安Yian玻勃拉邦Luangrabanpg雷哲Leizhe黎府Loei傑傑族Lisu爛沧江antsanRiverLg罗孔Luokong媚公河慘案eMekonTraedThggy動腊Mongla赫阮Mengnguyen孟己填TheMengbadam密支那Myitkyina苗族:Miao民政救助civilrelief民族师范学校normalschoolfornationalities民族自治县minorityautonomouscounty南奔Lamphun怒江洲NujiangoftheLisuAutonomousPrefecture怒族Nu贫困县poverty-strickencounty60 广西大単巧译领女单化论文2014年乂化巧巧中困巧巧讨余论文巧译巧呂报告迂徙文化ationcultureMigr遣送出境Deportation清莱ChiangRai清迈ChiengMai群体性事件GroupEvents人口普查Census瑞丽Ruili瑞丽口岸R加ortip桑怒SamNeua化会救济Socialreliefrmaners])巧范大学noluivityt)achinresourcesandcomeencej币资力量化gp司法协助judicialassistance儒懷族Lisu孙不拉蛛Sunq)rabum轉色产业:specialtyindustry偏邦WatateS侃族Wa外籍人员Expatriates危房dilapidatedbuilding文化惠民工程theroectofculturebene化inthemasspjg无证生育Undocumentedbirth物质基础Materialbasis西双版纳洲XishuangbannaPrefecture洗钱犯罪moneylaunderingcrime现实意义racticalsignificancep新民族主义newnationalism61 广西大単巧译领女単位论文2014年东化巧巧中A困巧巧讨会论义巧课巧目报答岩城Yancheng瑶族Yao一一A井两国、河两国wellandariversharedbytwocountries夷为平地raze化theroundg原始社会末期inthelaterimitivesocietpy援越抗法theVietnamWaraidingVietnamandresistingFranceeos-战争后遗问题thtwarleacpgyI-中南半岛ndoChinaPeninsulaMaorcasesofrucrmes重特大毒品犯罪案件jdgi周边欠发达地区uluierdevelopedneighborhoods宗教滲透religionenetrationp62 广切大华拇讲硕女举化论义2014年乂化巧义中A因巧巧讨会论文巧巧巧目化吿产,聲.y‘''辞翻译项目委托书,委托谢敏广西大学外国语学院林志亮老师,女,身份证号362422巧9210150045,翻译论文项目《东盟10+3合作.框架下中国西南跨境民族与周边的文化交流--、挑战及对策云南跨境民族为例》,作为国际会议发言之用。;情况属实,特此证明。批帛4鶴齡句巧驾\揉.髮#y4H绰延許I:’:擊-J.‘%?>:呼苗'■■it::.Ill'...苗..记蟲眶纖&J蔡.遞63'