《生命第一》（第一章）翻译项目报告.pdf

'学校代码：10036专业硕士学位毕业报告《生命第一》（第一章）翻译项目报告学位类型：专业学位论文作者：梅竹学号：20141921164培养单位：英语学院专业名称：翻译硕士（笔译）指导教师：徐珺教授2016年5月万方数据 GraduationReportforMasterofTranslationATranslationReportonLifeComesFirstByZhuMeiAdvisor:Prof.JunXuSchoolofInternationalStudiesUniversityofInternationalBusinessandEconomicsMay2016万方数据 毕业报告原创性声明本人郑重声明：所呈交的毕业报告，是本人在导师的指导下，独立进行实践所取得的成果。除文中已经注明引用的内容外，本报告不含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的作品成果。对本文所涉及的笔译项目做出重要贡献的个人和集体，均已在文中以明确方式标明。本人完全意识到本声明的法律责任由本人承担。特此声明报告作者签名：年月日万方数据 毕业报告版权使用授权书本人完全了解对外经济贸易大学关于收集、保存、使用毕业报告的规定，同意如下各项内容：按照学校要求提交毕业报告的印刷本和电子版本；学校有权保存毕业报告的印刷本和电子版，并采用影印、缩印、扫描、数字化或其它手段保存毕业报告；学校有权提供目录检索以及提供本毕业报告全文或部分的阅览服务；学校有权按照有关规定向国家有关部门或者机构送交毕业报告；在以不以赢利为目的的前提下，学校可以适当复制毕业报告的部分或全部内容用于学术活动。保密的毕业报告在解密后遵守此规定。报告作者签名：年月日指导教师签名：年月日万方数据 致谢时间如白驹过隙，两年一晃而过。在即将告别学生时代的这个时刻，我要感谢在研究生学习阶段所有孜孜不倦，不辞辛劳为我们授业解惑的老师们，以及时时刻刻为我们着想的学院领导们。再此特别感谢我的指导老师徐珺教授，感谢她这两年对我的照顾以及在学业上的指导。正是由于她的悉心指导与帮助，我才能在学术上有所收获，我才能完成本篇翻译报告，我才能顺利拿到硕士学位。其次要感谢我所有的同学们，虽然我们相识两年就要相别，但是在贸大这两年时光，我们相处的点点滴滴都将成为我人生中一段美好的回忆。岁月无情人有情。在这里，我将所有最美好的祝福都献给你们，愿你们今后的生活能幸福美满。梅竹2016年5月i万方数据 摘要本文是一篇翻译项目报告，该项目为当代作家何建民先生根据自己在四川大地震试的所见所闻继而创造的一篇报告文学作品《生命第一》的第一章。笔者旨在通过此次翻译项目，在“归化与异化”理论的指导下，结合翻译实例，探讨报告文学类英语文本的翻译难点和策略。本翻译报告的内容分为以下五个部分：第一部分为前言，笔者将介绍项目选题背景、意义以及论文结构；第二部分将对该项目进行简单的介绍，包括项目背景，要求以及实施方案；第三部分是文献综述，笔者描述指导本翻译项目的理论框架，即翻译过程中采用的“归化与异化”理论，以及国内外相关的研究述评。第四部分为翻译策略分析，也就是本报告的重点部分。笔者首先会以“归化与异化”理论为指导，结合翻译文本的具体实例进行分析，从词语和句子层面找到有效的文学报告翻译策略；第五部分为翻译项目总结，笔者将总结通过此次翻译项目学到的翻译经验及教训。除此之外，还要找出翻译中尚待解决的问题，希望在以后的翻译实践中能够有所突破。关键词：报告文学，《生命第一》，归化与异化，翻译策略ii万方数据 ABSTRACTAReportonLifeComesFirstZhuMeiThisisareportonthetranslationofreportagewiththeaimofexploringtranslationstrategiesbasedonpersonaltranslationpracticesfromtheperspectiveofdomesticationandforeignization.Chapteroneof“LifeComesFirst”byMr.HeJianminwasselectedasthesourcetextofthereport.Thisreportconsistsoffiveparts:thefirstpartservesasanintroductiontotheproject,includingthebackground,significanceandstructure.Thesecondpartintroducesthebackground,requirementsandplansoftheproject.Inthethirdpart,theoreticalbasisiselaborated.Theforthpartfocusesontheillustrationoftranslationprocessandtranslationstrategiesadoptedwithexamplesfrompersonaltranslationpractices.Thefifthpartwillbetheconclusioninwhichlessonslearnedandunsolvedproblemswillbelaidout.iii万方数据 Keywords:reportage,“LifeComesFirst”,domesticationandforeignization,translationstrategiesiv万方数据 目录第一部分引言...................................................................................................................................11.1选题背景..............................................................................................................................11.2选题意义..............................................................................................................................1第二部分笔译项目简介................................................................................................................32.1项目背景..............................................................................................................................32.2项目要求..............................................................................................................................32.3项目实施..............................................................................................................................3第三部分理论及文献综述............................................................................................................53.1基本概念与理论..................................................................................................................53.2国内外相关研究..................................................................................................................6第四部分翻译策略分析................................................................................................................84.1翻译策略分析......................................................................................................................84.2翻译方法分析......................................................................................................................94.2.1词语................................................................................................................................114.2.1.1习语的译法................................................................................................................114.2.1.2拟声词的译法............................................................................................................114.2.1.3四字格的译法............................................................................................................124.2.2难句................................................................................................................................134.2.2.1语序调整....................................................................................................................134.2.2.2长句拆译法................................................................................................................144.2.2.3正反与反正表达法....................................................................................................154.2.2.4增补法与省略法........................................................................................................16第五部分项目总结.......................................................................................................................185.1项目总结............................................................................................................................185.2建议185.3局限....................................................................................................................................19参考书目..........................................................................................................................................20附录：笔译原文及译文..............................................................................................................22个人简历在读期间发表的翻译作品与学术论文.................................................................89万方数据 图表清单表1笔译项目组分工明细表„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„9万方数据 第一部分引言1.1选题背景本翻译项目所翻译的材料取自《生命第一》，该书作者是何建民先生。何建民先生是当代中国著名作家，担任中国作家协会副主席，报告文学会会长，其作品在文坛颇具影响力。该书是何建民先生于2008年四川地震后三赴汶川灾区后，基于自己的一线采访所完成的现场纪实。作者在该书中着重突出“生命”这一主题，通过自己在一线的所见所闻所感，为读者描述了该次地震给当地人造成的严重损失，讲述了地震中那些值得被人称赞的英雄事迹。文学评论家们纷纷给予这部文学作品高度评价。英国新经典出版社为了向外国宣扬中华民族在灾难面前互帮互助、众志成城、不折不挠的精神，并让外国读者接触该本优秀的文学作品，决定将此书翻译成英文版。本文属于报告文学类文学作，译者在翻译本翻译项目是发现目前对文学报告类作品翻译研究较少，决定以该书第一章节翻译为例，以“归化与异化”理论分析报告文学类作品的翻译难点与策略。1.2选题意义从传播价值的角度来说，此书描绘的很多真实的感人事迹，凸显了中华民族泰山压顶不弯腰的英雄气魄，在困难面前互帮互助、团结一致的民族传统。将该书翻译成英文，传播到西方国家，可以有力地向西方国家展示当代中国精神、中国气派。现在西方国家对中国妖魔化的宣传比较多，所以在现阶段向西方传播能体现我国正能量的文学作品这个任务迫在眉睫。报告文学，比如像《生命第一》这种非虚构的文学作品，由于其兼具现实性与生动性，能很好的像西方国家人民展示当代中国人的精神风貌。从翻译的角度来说，该书属于报告文学，这种特殊的文体既有新闻报道的性质又带有一定的文学性。笔者尝试以归化与异化理论为1万方数据 基础，结合自己的翻译实践，分析在翻译报告文学的翻译策略和翻译方法，并针对翻译中遇到的困难与问题，运用所学原理加以分析解决。1.3论文结构笔者将该翻译报告分为五个部分，分别是引言、简介、文献综述、翻译策略、总结，各个部分的主要内容如下：第一部分为前言，笔者将介绍项目选题背景、意义以及论文结构；第二部分将对该项目进行简单的介绍，包括项目背景、要求以及实施方案；第三部分是文献综述，笔者描述指导本翻译项目的理论框架，即翻译过程中采用的“归化与异化”理论，以及国内外相关的研究述评。第四部分为翻译策略分析，也就是本报告的重点部分。笔者首先会以“归化与异化”理论为指导，结合翻译文本的具体实例进行分析，从词语和句子层面找到有效的文学报告翻译策略；第五部分为笔者对本翻译项目所做总结，笔者将在该部分总结自己学到的经验以及收获的教训。除此之外，还要找出翻译中尚待解决的问题，希望在以后的翻译实践中能够有所突破。2万方数据 第二部分笔译项目简介2.1项目背景此次翻译项目的翻译材料是中国当代著名作家何建明所创作的报告文学作品《生命第一》，来源于英国新经典出版社。此次项目为汉译英，共35万左右。全书分为序以及其他十个章节，暂无译本。该项目主要由三位学生译员负责翻译，由一名专业译员负责校对。翻译时间为一个月。翻译项目完成以后，新经典出版社验收合格，则项目完成，之后出版社会出版该译文，并在国外推广。笔者选取该书中的第一章文本的翻译进行分析，并以在翻译中运用的理论，使用的翻译技巧以及收获的经验教训为基础撰写论文。2.2项目要求英国新经典出版社对译员的要求是翻译要忠实原文，保证翻译行文流畅，同时希望译员能够根据报告文学这种特殊文体进行灵活处理，体现文本的原汁原味。译文要尽力达到但又不拘泥于严复提出的翻译标准，既“信”、“达”、“雅”，在保证忠实于原文的情况下，准确传递原文的意思，而且用词不能落俗。语言要体现文学性，了解甚至专攻目标语言国家的文学和文化，如英语文学和欧洲文学中的典故、英诗的节律等等。翻译工作完成后应该进行初步校对，要求在译文中不得出现漏译，错别字的出现或者标点符号的滥用等错误。英国新经典杂志社给出的翻译时间为两个月。2.3项目实施2014年11月15日英国新经典出版社发放了翻译任务，笔者与其他两名同学一起领取了该任务，并于11月16日与其他两名译员开会讨论，分配任务。随后笔者开始通读原文，并制作术语专名表。在理解全文的过程中，笔者也了解了一3万方数据 些关于作者背景，四川大地震情况的相关信息资料。11月20日，笔者和其他两名译员正式开始翻译工作。笔者在翻译过程中与其他两名译员相互沟通，互相告知翻译进度，以及谈论翻译过程中遇到的难点问题。1月5日，笔者与其他两名译员都以基本完成翻译工作，开始校对工作。我们在自己进行纠错、润色工作以后，采取的方式是相互交换校对，这样能够让译员以读者身份看看句子是否通顺，词语是否准确。1月13日，我们顺利完成翻译以及初步校对工作，并将译稿交给英国新经典出版社审核。4万方数据 第三部分理论及文献综述3.1基本概念与理论《生命第一》属于报告文学，这类文体既会像新闻报道一样还原事实真相，又具有文学色彩。介于新闻与文学二者之间。在翻译该书时，笔者认为既要让译文符合读者的阅读习惯，同时也要保留具有一些中国特色部分，基于此种考虑，笔者选择以“归化”和“异化”理论为基础翻译该材料。说到归化和异化，一般人马上就会不由自主地联想到直译与意译，归化和异化其实从某种程度上来说可以被认为是直译与意译拓展与发展，然而这两个概念之间并不能够划等号。不同于前者的是，归化与异化所考虑的层面更加广阔，超出了语言层面的形式与意义，而将其扩展到了文化、美学等层次。施莱尔马赫曾经说过，作为译者，在翻译时只有两种选择，要不不去打扰读者，要不尽量不去打扰作者，译者必须尽最大的努力在这两种途径中选取一种。施莱尔马赫所说的第一种不去打扰读者的选择就是归化翻译法，也就是“naturalizing”。而第二种不去打扰作者选择便是是异化翻译法，即“alienating”。而我们现在所比较熟悉的归化“domestication”和异化“foreignization”这种说法是由Venuti修订的。简单来说，归化就是要把译本尽可能的本土化，尽可能地考虑目标语与目标语读者，采取他们所习惯的表达方式来传达原文的内容。而异化就是尽可能不变的保留源语，使译文与译入语尽可能地保持距离。归化与异化到底不一定哪个略胜一筹，它们各有千秋。并且存在即合理，这两种理论都有属于它们自己的存在价值。我们在考虑到底是使用归化策略还是异化策略时，主要考虑的是有四个因素，它们分别是文本类型、读者要求、翻译目的、作者意图。如果文本目的就是介绍译本国家文化，如历史材料，政治哲学、以及民间传说这种等等，这些都要尽可能地保留源语的语言特点，从而采用异化。但是对于一些单纯以表达信息为主的文章，像新闻、广告等等实用性较强的文体，5万方数据 就需要译者向读者靠拢，应该将源语翻译地像本国人说话，采用归化。当译者的目的是将源语国家的文化推广到目的语国家，读者是想多了解源语语言国家文化时，译者要尽量保留源语的语言特色，不用为了阅读的通顺性做过多的调整，即采用异化的策略。反之就主要采取归化的翻译策略。虽然在历史上关于这两种翻译策略之争由来已久，但是其实两者并不是矛盾对立的关系，而是应该是相互补充的关系。译者在翻译时要尽量考虑上面提到的四个因素，进而保留那些源语文化中应该在译文中被留下来的部分，或者删减在翻译过程中源语中可以被调整的部分。但是作为一名译者，在将源语转换为目标语的过程中必须要有倾向，一旦选定一种作为主要原则，便要尽可能的保持这种基本的原则。比如在本次翻译项目中，本次笔者的翻译任务是报告文学，其实翻译目的其本质上来说是为了向目的语读者描述大地震时发生的种种事情，但是其中也有一些文学性的带有中国特色的东西，所以笔者在翻译过程中采取归化为主，异化为辅的手段。3.2国内外相关研究在西方，归化与异化可以追溯到古罗马时期Cicero,Horace和StJerome等人所说的“wordforwordtranslation”和“senseforsensetranslation”。(Wang,2002:24)19世纪著名的学者Schleiermacher曾说过，“译者要么尽量不去打扰原作者而让读者靠近作者，要么尽量不打扰读者而让作者靠近读者。”（Schleiermacher,1992:42）后来Venuti将Schleiermacher的“alienating”与“naturalizing”发展为大家所熟知的“foreignization”与“domestication”。Bassnett和Lefevere提出的“TheHoraceModel”和“TheSchleiermacherModel”正式将归化异化概念与文化翻译结合起来。(Wang，2005:13)Venuti眼中的归化就是要与目标语文化中的主流价值观一致，将源语用符合目标语习惯的表达方式组合起来，让其能符合本土人民的口味。而Shuttlewort和Cowie将归化定义为:在翻译时尽可能地降低译文带给目标语读者地陌生感。(Wang,2005:14))而Robinson则认为一般情况下,大家通常都会把归化认定为意译，或者是某种程度上的“同化式翻译”(assimilativetranslation)，但是异化则是没有消除目标语与源语语言差异的翻译策略。Shuttleworth&Cowie的定义与之相似:异化的翻译手6万方数据 法在翻译过程中留下了译本语言的特色，没有按照目标语的表达方式表述。在中国，郭建中先生曾经在他写的《中国翻译界十年（1987-1997）：回顾与展望》中对归化和异化问题进行探讨，他认为需要把归化异化以及直译意译概念区分开来。因为归化与异化已经涉及到除语言之外的其他的层面。他也指出归化和异化之间的争论存在与中国，并分析了这两种观点。同时，他自己提出归化与异化不是绝对的，需要根据四个因素去选择翻译策略。申连云在《尊重差异－当代翻译研究的伦理观》一文中指出，在当今时代进行归化与异化的讨论时，我们的思维不能仅仅据现在要让译本准确无误的传达源语要表达的意思上面，而是应该要考虑到翻译其实也是一种伦理态度，是否能够尊重他者的问题。我们应该要发掘不同，尊重不同，不能一味地要求同化。而王东风在《归化与异化：矛与盾的交锋？》中详细地述说了在中国归化与异化争论地源头，以及分析了二者之间争论所涉及到的层面。在翻译界，有关归化与异化之间的争论从未停止过，不同的翻译家对归化与异化持不同的态度。著名翻译家理论家Venuti支持译化反对归化。他提出就算译文表述不够地道也要保留源语的特点，突出源语与目标语的语言以及文化差异。这种差异带来的好处就是让目标语读者领略源语在表达方式层面上以及文化特点上的差异。同时，译者不至于默默无闻，成为“隐身人”。(Venuti,1995)他在《译者的隐形》（Routledge,1995）一书中指出了归化翻译的各种弊端。而奈达的翻译理论与之截然相反，他认为作为一个译者最重要的是使读者满意，由此可以可以得出判断一部译文作品是否成功的标准就是读者是否能够很好地接受。因此，他提倡归化的翻译方法，要求译者在翻译时尽可能的遵循目的语文化的语言和思维习惯，尽量向目的语读者靠拢。Even-Zohar创立了多元系统理论，他对于归化与异化这个问题又有了自己的见解。他觉得归化与异化的选择并不是偶然的也不是必然的，而是要根据特定的文化所在的特定状态还有地位。他提出，在一个多元系统内部，如果翻译文学在那个时段占据主导地位，那么会采取异化的翻译手段。反之，就采取归化翻译。作为实用派的目的论(Skoposthocry)则认为译者对在挑选翻译手段的选择何去何从应该首先考虑的是翻译的目的，也就是说归化和异化的选择要看翻译是要实现何种目的，归根结底，实现了目的才是根本。(Wang,2002:25)7万方数据 第四部分翻译策略分析4.1翻译质量控制针对报告文学类文本翻译实践，笔者将翻译过程分为四个步骤，分别是明确理论基础，充分理解原文，运用翻译技巧准确翻译原文，校稿改错。笔者将对这四个步骤逐一讲明。第一步，明确理论基础。在正式开始翻译工作之前，要找到适合本次翻译的理论框架。在众多翻译理论中，笔者认为“归化异化”理论不仅符合报告文学的文体特点，而且笔者对此有经过系统地学习，所以确定功能“归化异化”理论作为本翻译项目的理论基础。第二步，充分理解原文。在找到合适的理论框架以后，译者需要做的则是吃透原文。拿到翻译材料后，译者要通读原文，必要时借助图书馆或互联网资源了解所需翻译材料的背景资料，以达到充分理解原文的目的。笔者在该书时，会根据文本的不同内容，利用互联网资源补充背景知识，比如地方方言、地质知识等。第三步，根据翻译理论，灵活地运用翻译技巧翻译原文。在充分理解原文之后，译者需要在理论基础的指导下开始着手翻译。报告文学类文本具有鲜明的语言特点，比如大量使用专业词汇、名词化结构和被动结构等。所以，在完成翻译任务时笔者需要根据原文具体分析，对不同的地方进行不同的处理，运用不同的翻译策略，使用不同的翻译技巧，以保证尽可能地保留原文风味，而又使读者能流畅地阅读译本。笔者在翻译报告文学类文体时将从词语和句子两个层面找到相应的翻译技巧进行翻译。第四步，校稿改错。初译完后，译者需要再次在理论基础的指导下，结合原文回顾译文，进行修改，力求译文表达准确流畅。笔者在完成初译后，对译文进8万方数据 行多次审阅，尤其是检查专业词汇的翻译是否准确，以及译文是否表达清晰流畅，能否被目标读者接受。然后交给高级译员审核、优化。由于此次翻译字数较多，时间比较紧促，该项目由译员共同完成，任务分工如下表：表1笔译项目组分工明细表译员梅竹王丹妮王卫华翻译内容序、第一－三章第四－七章第八－十章校对内容第四－七章第八－十章序、第一－三章4.2翻译策略分析本翻译项目的源文属于报告文学类文本，其既如新闻一样报道了四川大地震时整个灾区受灾地情况以及灾难中种种感人心扉的英雄事迹。同时它也带有一定的文学色彩，而且文章中出现了很多带有中国特色的元素。因为该书主要是为了出版到西方国家，让他们看到中国人众志成城，齐心协力一起对抗地震所带来的各种损失的民族风貌。故此，笔者认为在翻译本书时，主要是要将书中提到的种种状况以及描述的各种事迹展示给读者。那么，根据第三章的理论分析，笔者在选择翻译策略时，决定采用“以归化为主，异化为辅”的翻译策略。4.2.1归化为主在翻译本书时，笔者为了尽量让目标读者阅读译文时能够自然流畅，通常情况下会对源语进行一定的调整。比如，本书因为属于纪实文体，其中方言俗语较多，笔者在翻译本书中的一些放眼时可能会对增加、删减原文的内容或者是将原文换一种方式呈现出来。例（1）：原文：突然货架上的东西稀里哗啦撒了一地。译文：Thestuffintheshelffelldown.原文中的“稀里哗啦”在英文中并没有对应的描述，笔者在翻译时就将该词省略了。例（2）:原文：那个时候其他抡救队虽然也能救人，但基本上跟我们差不多，靠笨办法。译文：Atthattime,althoughotherteamscouldsavethestudent,they9万方数据 adoptedthesamemethodasus.上文中的“笨办法”的意思是没有技巧的办法，形容这个办法没有技术含量，译者在翻译时并没有把表示这个办法技巧性不强的“笨”字翻译出来是因为硬要翻译出来可能会引起读者的疑虑，这个不能单单的用一个“stupid”来解释。如果解释清楚又会使得译文显得很繁琐。4.2.2异化为辅除了上一个小节中提到的归化的翻译策略，译者在翻译时也运用了异化的翻译策略。因为虽然本文主要时为了向目的语国家宣扬英雄四川大地震中的种种事迹，但是作为一名译者，在不严重影响读者的阅读体验的情况下，可以适当保留源文的语言特色，尽量地忠实于源文，向西方国家展示中国的文化特色。毕竟，中国是一个历史悠久的文明古国，有着自己独特的历史文化，而西方国家的读者其实也渴望了解中国，感受中国文化。尤其是近年来，随着中国对外开放程度的提升以及交通的便利，越来越多的外国友人来到中国游历。中国对于他们来时已经不是一个神秘的地方，他们对中国的文化、语言也有所了解。在翻译本文时，笔者保留了一些源文中出现的地名，如“都江堰”，笔者参照“世界文化遗产名录”翻译成“dujiangyan”，而并不是“theIrrigationSystem”.虽然外国读者在阅读本文时会感到疑惑，但是根据上下文或者是注释，他们能够了解这是中国一项伟大的水利工程，凝聚着中国古代人民的智慧，而不是简单地把它当作一个普通的灌溉系统。文中地人名也多采取直接音译的方法。其中有些一些涉及到文化层面的东西，笔者也选择将其保留下来。比如，“天有不测之风云，人有祸夕旦福”，笔者将其翻译为”Stormscomeunexpectedlyasbadluckmaybefallamanovernight.”这句话是一句中国的俗语，出现在宋词和“水浒传”中，是中国人经常用来形容危险可能突然来到的说法。在这里采用异化的翻译策略，不仅仅不会影响读者对原文的理解，而且读者也可能能从这句话的翻译中感受到中国文化的魅力，将“福祸”比喻成天气，非常的形象。4.3翻译方法分析下面笔者将从词语和句子两个层面，结合具体实例，笔者在翻译过程中遇到的难点，探讨“归化与异化”以及相应的采取的翻译对策与翻译方法10万方数据 4.3.1词语4.3.1.1习语的译法习语时一个民族或者时国家在经过长期使用某种语言从中总结或者提炼出来的短语或者是句子，所以习语一般都会带有这个国家或者是民族的特点。习语一般生动活泼、言简意赅，以比喻或者是夸张手法来表意。有些习语表意直接，但是有些习语的意思往往需要绕个弯来理解。除此之外，习语读起来音律感很强，朗朗上口。有的习语意思并不固定，具体表现是什么意思需要根据语境来确定。译者在翻译时应当尽量不使这些特点丧失，那么这样说来除了准确的表达出原文的意义之外，还应考虑如何尽可能地不去减损习语的特点。例（3）原文：我一听，两条腿也不知咋的竟软了，跑不动似的。译文一：Onhearingthenews,mylegsfeelweakasifIwasnotabletorun.译文二：Onhearingthenews,Igotcoldfeet.ItseemsthatIcouldnotrunforward.在原文中，用“软”这个形容词来形容腿。比喻因某件事情,造成的极度紧张或者胆小害怕。而在英文中，一般情况下“软”对应的是“weak”,“soft”。如果想要保留中文的风味，体现这个“软”字，那么就采取译文一的翻译方式。虽然从字面上来说不能判断为误译，但是在这个地方并不符合语境，原文想要表达的意思有所偏差。在英语里面，“coldfeet”这个习语的意思是“信心或者勇气的丧失。而“cold”虽然在汉语中是冷的意思，但是作为与“feet”和在一起便是害怕的意思，比较口语化，而且与原文的风格比较相符。这样以读者为中心，可以使他们在阅读过程中尽可能的减少语言和文化障碍。4.3.1.2拟声词的译法英语与汉语在形容声音表达方式的差距相当之大，这一类描绘声音的词语被称为拟声词。虽然这些词语单独来看没有什么具体的意义，但是放在句子里面，可以进行词性的转换，表示发出声音的动作，甚至在有些句子里面拟声词还能够作为一种重要的修辞手段，使句子更加的生动活泼。而且这类词的造词法简单、随意、偶然，尤其是在英语中，这类词的应用范围非常的广泛。由于英语与汉语11万方数据 之间的差异以及这类词运用的广泛性，笔者认为在翻译时要慎重地考虑这一类词。例（4）原文：娃儿们埋在废墟里哇哇直叫，把地面上的人叫得眼泪哗哗地流。译文：Thechildrenscreamedintheruins,andtheirparentscriedoutside.在翻译时，拟声词并不可以被一字不改地照搬过来。拟声词的用法必须对译本有所增益。为了避免文字过于累赘，有时候可以根据上下文酌情处理，运用非拟声词代替原文中的拟声词。比如在上述例句中，原文中的“哗哗”与“哇哇”都是拟声词，“哇哇”符合孩子的特点，声音较大，而“scream”的英文意思时“sharppiercingcry”，本身就带有“哇哇”的意思。而“哗哗”是形容眼泪在脸上像河流一样流淌，直接用cried表示。使用归化翻译策略可以降低读者地阅读难度与不适应感，适应他们的阅读习惯。但是文中也出现了一些中文中特有的拟声词，有一定的方言意味，在英语里面没有对应的词。如例（5）原文：他拿着孩子买的拨浪鼓，“不楞登，不楞登”的声音唤起了他的回忆。译文：Hepickeduptherattle-drum,whosebeat“bulunglung,bulunglung”recalledhismemories.拨浪鼓是中国特有的玩具，外国读者印象中是没有这种玩具的，所以也对这种声音没有印象，并且无法在英文中也找到一个能与之相匹配的词。所以，可以创造“bulunglung”这个新词。虽然读者会对这个词觉得陌生，但是根据上下文，读者应该能够理解这是这种中国特色的玩具发出的声音。这种异化的翻译策略使得读者领略到了中国特色。4.3.1.3四字格的译法汉语中有很多四字格，这些四字格既不是一种修辞手法，也不全都是成语，但是在汉语中出现的频率很高。这是因为四字格言简意赅，结构工整，富有美感。这是汉语相较其他语言来说的一大特色。例（6）原文：荷是一种有人性有灵性的植物。如雁排长空，鱼翔浅底，驼走沙漠，荷与碧水结不解之缘。12万方数据 译文：“Lotusisakindofintellectualplant.Liketheswaninthesky,fishintheriver,camelinthedesert,lotusisconnectedtothewater。”原文中使用了三个动宾四字格，结构整齐，韵律优美，翻译的时候可以保留语言的特点，通过移植达到文化交流的目的，所以在翻译时也保证了原文的结构不变。例（7）原文：当尘埃初步落定，她被压在废墟里，伤势不重，横七竖八的建筑构件暂时稳定下来。译文：Whenallofthesehappened,shewasburiedintheruinsandgotseriouslyinjured.Thebuildingcomponentswereindisorder,butitwasstabilizedtemporarily.在某些情况下，译文要通顺，要采取归化的手段。归化的目的就是目标读者在阅读译文时能够像阅读目标语作品一样流畅。而在四字格表述的信息没有什么特殊之处且其中不包含独有的必须要传递的文化时，一般采取归化，用意译的方式更为合适。原文中的“横七竖八”翻译为“indisorder”,并为遵循原文的结构，或者保留原文的用词，但是读者读起来会更加通顺。当然，有时候为了保证四字格的特色或者是里面暗藏的韵味，也能采用异化的方法。比如张爱玲曾将“如狼似虎”翻译成“likewolvesandtigers”.如此翻译，保留了中文中狼与虎的意象。可能会给读者在阅读时带来一定的理解障碍，但是读者根据上下文或者是注释理解词义后，会感受到中文的特色。用狼和虎形容人的残忍暴戾。4.3.2难句4.3.2.1语序调整英译汉句法系统是存在差异的，这些不同点足以造成在英汉互译的过程中出现语序不能完全一样这种现象，有些句子没有办法完全按照源语的语序编排下来。当出现这种情况时，就需要以归化的理论进行处理，在这两种语言表达规范不一致的情况下灵活调整语序，从而增强译文地可读性与流畅性，使其表述地更加自然。换序译法就是打乱源语的语言顺序，按照目标语表述方式的习惯，把词语或者是句子在原来的句子中进行调整。有时候还需要将原文中多个部分的位置打乱，重新组合（冯庆华，2002:68）。一般来说有这几种成分需要调整，状语，定语，13万方数据 插入语，倒装句，并列成分。例（8）原文：不记述这生命之苦，就不知道人类从动物世界走向衣冠楚楚、讲吃讲穿的文明历程的每一步痛苦与辉煌，这对人类更好地走向未来也是无益和有害的。译文：Ifwedidnotrecordthemiseryoflife,wecouldnotgettoknowthebitternessandexcellencewhenwecamefromtheanimalworldtothemodernsocietywherewepaidgreatattentiontofood,drink,andclothes.Itwouldleadustoabetterfuture.例（9）原文：我到聚源中学倒塌的现场已经是大震后的一星期了。我仍然能深切地感受到大震留给当地百姓尤其是那些孩子的家长的那份如刀绞的心痛„„译文：WecametoJuyanMiddleSchoolaweekaftertheearthquake.Icouldstillfeelthesadness,whichtheearthquakeleftforthelocalpeople,especiallyparentsofthekids.汉语在语序伤的表达习惯一般是状语在前，动词在后，时间状语在前，地点状语在后，定语或者是定语从句通常被置于被修饰的名词前。例（8）原文中的“从人类动物世界“是时间状语，在翻译的时候应该调整到动宾结构之后，例（9）中“大震留给当地百姓”是定语，在翻译的时候作为定语葱郁放在“心痛”之后，这样比较符合英语的表达习惯，不会让目标语读者阅读起来感到有所异样。4.3.2.2长句拆译法翻译很长的句子是，一定要先将原文吃透。找到整个句子的中心意思，并将句子分为几个层次，把每个句子的层次分清楚，理清楚句子各个层次之间的关系（因果，时间等等），然后按照英语的特点，在准确地表述原文意义地基础上，将语序调整到符合英语地习惯。例（9）原文：通往聚源中学的那条路叫勤学路（1），顾名思义（2），这是这所拥有一千八百多名学生的城乡结合部的乡镇中学（4）向外延伸的标志（3），会让走人这条路的当地农民感觉是一条通往改变身份、荣耀祖宗的光明之路。（5）译文：TherewasaroadleadingtoJuyuanMiddleSchool,whichwascalledQinxueRoad.AsthenameinChineseindicated,itwasthesymbolforthe14万方数据 connectionbetweenthisschoolandtheoutsideworld.Locatedontheborderbetweenthecityandthecounty,onceithadover1,800students,.Walkingonthisroadmadebythelocalvillagers,Ifeltthattheywerechangingtheiridentityandupholdthehonoroftheirancestors.例（10）我也是这么想的（1），咋国务院温家宝总理都能在第一时间到灾区来看望我们（2），他们下面这些官员就喜欢报喜不报忧（3），平时他们这么做，我们也就睁一眼闭一眼（4），他们爱怎么着就怎么着（5），可这回是地震（6），地震死人、死多少人是老天爷都知道的事（7），他们还要那么做，我们老百姓看了就有气嘛（8）！译文：Ialsothinkinthisway.PremierWenwenttheretovisitusforthefirsttime.Theofficialsalwaysreportedthegoodnewsandhidthebadnews.Weusuallyacceptitbutnotthistimeastheearthquakestruckthisarea.Godknowshowmanypeoplediedintheaccident.Buttheyhiditasusual.Weareangryaboutthis.”OrdinaryChinesepeoplewerereasonable.Theywantedtosaywhattheythought.Itwasnousestoppingthem.例（11）这个句子可大致分为五个层面的意思，这五个层面都有相对独立的意思。在翻译成英语时首先可以先将这五个层面的意思表达出来，然后按照英语的表达习惯，以做定语的方式或者是连词将句子串联起来。4.3.2.3正反与反正表达法语言中总是会有正向或者是反向表示倾向的方式，英语与汉语也不例外。作为译者，翻译这种正反倾向时不应该拘泥于源语句子的表述方式。在适当的时候可以根据目标语读者的阅读习惯进行调整。正话反说或者是反话正说。诸如avoid，cease，deny，fail，ignore，miss，overlook，pass，prevent，stop之类的动词，absence，aversion，refusal之类的名词，absent,far(from)，free(from),little之类的形容词，out，least，too(to)之类的副词，above，beyond，insteadof之类的介词，before，ratherthan之类的连接词，都属于“正说类”词语，但由于隐含否定意义，译成汉语时常要‘正说反译’。”（孙致礼、15万方数据 周烨，2010:107）例（12）原文：我们这样万无一失了。译文：Wemaysafelysayso.例（13）原文：他们并不是愚蠢，无知而已。译文：Theyarenotstupid,butignorant.例（14）原文：这件事情他们不懂。译文：Thisproblemisbeyondthem.例（15）中“无”是否定词，但是表示的意思是错不了，如果翻译时正向表达，会更加简洁。“无知”是否定动词，但是“ignorant”一个形容词就能准确地表达出其意思，而且和前面的形容词stupid相互对应。像以上这些例子，如果翻译时能够是得译文变得简洁，增强读者得阅读体验，采取归化得方式比较合适，根据具体情况选择从正面表达还是从反面表达。4.3.2.4增补法与省略法中文与英文表达方式的不同可能导致在翻译过程中有些词汇明显是多余的，没有这些词也能够表达出句子意思，那么这些词可以删减，从而使得译文更加简洁。而有些地方因指代不明或者是表意不清，句子的意思不能很好的传达，可以适当增加词汇，让译文更加流畅。增词法就是在翻译是根据句法或者是意义的需要在译文中添加一些词汇，使译文能更好的表达出原文的意思。而省略法恰恰相反，它是指原文中有些词即使不翻译出来，但是并不影响译文意义的表达，因为这些词的意义已经隐含在句子里面。例（16）：等我到勤学路口时，一看（省略），学校那边（省略）全乱了。烟尘还是很大（省略），人都在往那里跑，也有不少是往外面跑的，是一些家长（省略）带着活下来的娃儿回家。我看了看，有的娃儿什么事也没有，有的就惨了。浑身上下脏兮兮的，一看就是瓦砾里刚刚钻出来的。译文：WhenIarrivedat（增加）QinxueRoad,Ifoundtheschoolwasinamess.Therewasfullofsmokeanddust.Mostofpeoplerantotheschool（增加）.Someranoutside,bringingtheirchildrenhome.I（增加）foundsomechildrenweresafebut（增加）otherswereinjuredwithblood（增加）ontheirbodies.I（增加）couldfigurethat16万方数据 theymusthavebeendugoutfromtherubbles.英语和汉语表达方式有一个很大的差别就是汉语经常省略主语，但是汉语的表达习惯是每一句都有主语，人称代词做主语往往会重复出现。在汉译英时，要补充这些人称代词。汉语词语与词语之间连接词使用得比较少，但是逻辑关系都隐藏在句子里面。但是英语正好与之相反，连接词不可省略。比如文中有的家长往学校跑，有的家长往外面跑，这就是对比转折的关系。所以补充“but”。英语里面出现表示时间与地点的前置词在汉语里面是没有的，汉译英时需要补充。在翻译的过程中，对于两种语言表达方式上存在的差异，尽量采用“归化”的方法，样能够保证地道的表达，同时使读者阅读译文时不会迷惑不解。17万方数据 第五部分项目总结5.1项目总结完成本次翻译项目以后，笔者对报告文学文本的翻译有了更深刻的理解，同时也积累了不少经验教训。第一，翻译不仅要求译者具备深厚的语言功底，更重要的是要求译者对于所翻译文章的背景有所了解。比如在翻译本篇报告文学类文章时，需要大致了解对章背景知识，如书里面涉及的地质类专业词汇，方言等等。只有了解了背景知识，才能真正意义上的理解文章，才能进行地道的双语转换，才不会在翻译是漏洞百出。第二，翻译是要充分把握翻译文本类型的特点，在力求保留文章的原汁原味的基础上在翻译是合理的选择归化或者异化。翻译词语时，遇到专业词汇要查阅字典或者向相关专业人士请教，切不可单凭互联网上的只言片语妄下结论。在翻译句子时，对于长难句进行适当的处理，有所取舍，才不会让读者看译文时有所疑惑。第三，翻译是一个需要细心与耐心的工作，翻译过程中一定要保持谦虚谨慎的态度。不能一蹴而就，虽然审校工作有些枯燥乏味，但是从某中程度上来说，对译文进行二次校对比翻译更为重要。校对时要注意内容是否准确，表达方式是否无误，译文质量是否有待提高。5.2建议笔者完成此翻译项目后，对于本人或者其他的译者有如下几条建议：第一，译者翻译之前一定要细细阅读原文，彻底理解原文。不仅仅是理解原文的字面意思，更加要结合当时的背景，理解隐藏在字里行间的感情或是潜在信息。可以通过互联网查找相关的背景资料，或者去图书馆阅读相关书籍，或者询18万方数据 问相关专业人士。第二，翻译时要灵活运用翻译理论与方法，尽量保证目标语读者阅读时能享受到阅读原文带来的乐趣。在翻译过后译者本人应该将自己当作读者阅读译文，看看自己是否能在抛开原文的基础上理解译文。第三，作为一名翻译，扎实的语言功底必不可少，但还需要具备一定的专业知识作为补充。译者可以在接触不同类型的翻译文本时，深入理解文本的背景知识，学习该领域的知识，扩充自己的知识面。第四，作为一个翻译项目，翻译过程中译员之间要经常保持联系，相互讨论，取长补短。同时，保持译文风格的一致性。5.3局限本翻译项目虽然已经顺利完成，出版社对译稿基本满意，但是不可否认的是此次翻译项目还存在一定问题。首先，笔者自身能力有限，对于有些词汇可能把握不准确，对于句子的理翻译有些不够地道或是简洁。然后，笔者是英语专业学生，对其他方面的知识比较的生疏，理解背景知识不够深入彻底，表达注意准确性，但是目标语读者阅读时可能有些吃力。但是笔者相信，只要保持自身对翻译的热情以及学习的动力，加上不断的练习与频繁的思考总结，笔者的翻译水平一定会提高到另外一个层次。19万方数据 参考书目陈定安，1998，《英汉比较与翻译》。北京：中国对外翻译出版公司。陈福康，2000，《中国译学理论史稿修订本》。上海：上海外语教育出版社。方梦之，2005，《英汉翻译基础教程》。北京：中国对外翻译出版公司。冯庆华.实用翻译教程[M].上海：上海外语教育出版社，2002.郭建中，1998，翻译中的文化因素异化与归化，《外国语》（2）：12-18郭建中，1999，中国翻译界十年（1987-1997）：回顾与展望，《外国语》（6）：53-60。郭建中，2000，《文化与翻译》。北京:中国对外翻译出版公司。刘英凯，1987，归化——翻译的歧路，《现代外语》（2）:58-64。刘艳丽、杨自俭，2002，也谈―归化‖与―异化‖，《中国翻译》（6）：2-24。孙致礼，2002，中国的文学翻译:从归化趋向异化，《中国翻译》（1）。孙致礼，周晔.高级英汉翻译[M].北京：外语教育与研究出版社，2010.谭载喜，1991，《西方翻译简史》。北京:商务印书馆。汪宝荣，2005，旅游文化的英译归化与异化，《中国科技翻译》（18）：13-18。王东风，2002，归化与异化：矛与盾的交锋,《中国翻译》(5):24-26。张培基，1980，《英汉翻译教程》。上海：上海外语教育出版社。BassnettMcGuire,Susan(1991):TranslationStudies(RevisedEdition),Routledges,LondonandNewYork.Evan-Zohar,I.ThePositionofTranslatedLiteraturewithintheLiteraryPolysystem[A]LiteratureandTranslation[C].J.S.Holmes,J.Lambert&R.VanDenBroeek.Leuven:ACCO,1978,117一127.Lefevere,Andre(1992):TranslatingLiterature:PracticeandTheoryinaComparativeContext,TheModernLanguageAssociationofAmerica,NewYork.Nida,E.A.&Taber,C.R.(1969).TheTheoryandPracticeofTranslation.Leiden:Brill.20万方数据 Nida,EugeneA.Language,CultureandTranslation.Shanghai:ShanghaiForeignLanguageEducationPress.Nord,C.(1997).TranslationasaPurposefulActivity.Manchester:St.Jerome.Robinson,D.TranslationandEmpire:PostcolonialTheoriesExplained.Manchester:StJerome.Schleiermacher,A.(1992).OntheDifferentMethodofTranslating[A].TheoriesofTranslation:AnAnthologyofEssaysfromDrydentoDerrida[C].Schulte,R.&Biguenet,J.ChicagoandLondon:TheUniversityofChicagoPress.Venuti,L.(1995)TheTranslator"sInvisibility.LondonandNewYork:Routledge.21万方数据 附录：笔译原文及译文附录一：原文许多人不想重现汶川大地震的灾情，是因为人的生命在那一刻变得极端的脆弱与痛苦、无助与悲恸。但这是历史，这是客观。不记述这生命之苦，就不知道人类从动物世界走向衣冠楚楚、讲吃讲穿的文明历程的每一步痛苦与辉煌，这对人类更好地走向未来也是无益和有害的。一位哲学家说过，死亡是每一个人的必然经历。痛苦的死亡，更比快乐的死亡多出一些精神和史学方面的参考价值。8级汶川大地震中，人的死亡是最为惨烈的场面，而映入国人眼里最初与最痛的一幕发生在大家都熟悉的一个地方——都江堰„„都江堰怎么啦？都江堰与成都只有几十分钟的路程，每一位到成都旅游和出差的人，几乎不用思考，就会到那里去看一看距今两千余年的水利大师李冰父子留下的杰作。那里的水，那里的水利工程，那里因先人留下的伟大的水利工程而由此带动的自然与人文之美，令人叹为观止。而都江堰，又是我二十多年前曾经工作和战斗过的地方。我比大多数人多了一份对它的感情。但都江堰是此次汶川大地震中最先让我们感到生命之痛的地方。我们无法抹去聚源中学、新建小学和中医院这三个本不该有生命问题的血淋淋的生命现场„„许多人给我描述过当时地震那一瞬间成都和成部之外的情景。其实不用更多的描述，8级强烈地震在方圆一百里的那种感觉，就是死亡在接近每一个人，而在毫无准备、无法抗拒的死亡来临之时，人变得极度无助与恐慌，更何况身边的人、身边的亲人可能在那一瞬间，就死在你跟前，死得血淋淋的„„没有人面对这种情形不感到可怕和惊恐！22万方数据 但，都江堰的情况比这更加令人胆战与痛心。死亡和倒塌最严重的竟然会是学校和医院——那学校里有我们的孩子，那医院里是我们的那些本来就已因病人院的亲人呀！我到聚源中学倒塌的现场已经是大震后的一星期了。我仍然能深切地感受到大震留给当地百姓尤其是那些孩子的家长的那份如刀绞的心痛„„通往聚源中学的那条路叫勤学路，顾名思义，这是这所拥有一千八百多名学生的城乡结合部的乡镇中学向外延伸的标志，会让走人这条路的当地农民感觉是一条通往改变身份、荣耀祖宗的光明之路。但在我踏上这条路的那一天，我看到的却是另一番景象：一群死了孩子的家长举着牌子和标语，披麻戴孝地站在路中央，向每一个来访者诉说着这里刚刚发生的一场大悲剧——教学楼全塌了，当时有九百多个孩子被埋在里面，孩子们就这样活活地离开了我们，有的头跟身子都没有连在一起„„温总理来的时候，我跪在他前面，他跟我一起哭„„为什么镇上的其他房子没塌几间，唯独速孩子上课的教室塌得这么惨啊！家长们你一言，我一语，他们沙哑的嗓子不知已经重复了多少遍这一类话，但他们始终没有放弃任何一次有用或无用的机会诉说他们心中的哀痛与悲愤。你看看，这是我的女儿，两个，是双胞胎。她们长得俊不俊？现在她们都没了„„一星期了，我天天守着她们的灵，我心里好憋、好难受啊！一个四十多岁的妇女，双手举着一张放大的彩色全家福照片，指着上面一对如花似玉的女孩，边说边捶着胸脯向我喊叫着。她的眼里没有眼泪，眼泪可能早已干了，目光中只有期待与恳求：我知道什么话该说，什么话不该说。外国记者来了，我啥也没说。可你是我们自己的作家，我想让你跟我去我家看看，我在家里给孩子设了个灵堂，现在我每天陪着她们，像过去一样，可她们现在不跟我说话了，只冲着我笑，就是照片上这个样子„„我想强忍眼泪，可还是忍不住„„我告诉她请让我记下这两个孩子的名字。她说：一个叫赵雅佳，一个叫赵雅琦。她自己叫赵德琴。我一路洒着不由自主淌下的眼泪，踩着充满消毒药水气味和冲天死尸气味的勤学路，来到聚源中学的那个埋葬这位母亲的一对双胞胎女儿的废墟前„„现场的几位老乡告诉我，这里一共死了二百七十八人，其中有几个是教师，其余全是23万方数据 学生娃儿。二百七十八个？排在一起会是一个什么样的情景啊？我下意识地往废墟另一侧的操场看去，老乡便说：12号当晚，这个操场上就放满了尸体。简直不敢想象！当时你们都在现场？在。都在。出事后，这里围了几千人，一直到14号后才少了些。那时已经很少能挖出活人来了„„几位始终围在我身边的老乡似乎有话要跟我说，但他们又显得吞吞吐吐。这反倒让我有些想追个究竟。你不知道，已经有人来打过招呼，说不让随便跟外面来的人说了„„，有个看样子胆子大一些的庄稼汉说。有什么不可以说的？学校塌了是事实，孩子死了那么多也是事实，你就说你看到的就行。我鼓励他。我也是这么想的，咋国务院温家宝总理都能在第一时间到灾区来看望我们，他们下面这些官员就喜欢报喜不报忧，平时他们这么做，我们也就睁一眼闭一眼，他们爱怎么着就怎么着。可这回是地震，地震死人、死多少人是老天爷都知道的事，他们还要那么做，我们老百姓看了就有气嘛！中国的老百姓是很明白的人，他们要讲心里话，有人不让他们讲是没有多少用的。嘴，长在他们身上。血淋淋的事实就摆在我们眼前，谁也瞒不住——我家的孩子也在这个学校上学，他运气好，那天他们班在操场上体育课，所以没出事。因为他没出事，所以我还能有心情出来跟你们外面来的记者、作家说说当时的情况。要不然，谁有心思天天在这儿待着。这位老乡悄悄指着刚才在我面前举着双胞胎女儿照片的赵女士说，她从地震的第三天开始就天天在这儿举着娃儿的照片，她心里苦啊！好端端的两个漂亮女娃，一下全没了。换了你行吗？都不行嘛！人家每天举着娃儿的照片就想问问那些当官的：为啥学校附近的房子都没塌，偏偏娃儿们上课的教学楼塌得那么惨，害得几百个娃儿死了！老子觉得人家提这样的问题没啥错！应该给人家一个答复嘛！庄稼汉一说这，气就大了。老乡，这辜我们先不去说。我想上面一定会有个说法的，请相信这一点。咱们说说当时学校倒塌经过怎么样？我跟他这么说，其实不全是哄他赶紧向我介绍我想知道的事。事实上后来没几天，国务院真的开了会，作出专门决定，提出了24万方数据 关于那些学校倒塌而造成学生严重伤亡的四条处理意见。这是后话。你这话还算中听。那我就跟你说说当时的情况„„老乡掏出一包烟，顺手递给我，抽一支。我赶紧说不会，其实是不敢抽。戴着口罩还能闻到非常难闻的尸体味和消毒药水味，从北京出发时就有人不断提醒我不能在灾区随便碰当地的东西，尤其是在有死尸现场的地方。那我就说说吧，不过有个要求：你不能把我的名字写在你书里。在得到我的保证后他说了。下面是这位老乡的话——他告诉我：从地震后的半小时开始，他基本天天在这儿。我娃儿是初三(3)班的，他们班正好12号下午上体育课，所以他运气好。他们那个班全活着。我家就在镇边上，所以来得比较早。那天我正在镇上的一家商店里买货，突然货架上的东西稀里哗啦撒了一地，这时满街的人都在叫、都在喊，说是地震了！我就赶紧往外冲，一直冲了几十米，停步后摸摸自己的头，双腿使劲蹬了蹬，没伤着啥，就回过神拼命往家里赶。一路上，看到有几栋楼塌了哭的叫的到处都是，也见了死人。所以心里很害怕，就跑着回家。到家一看，还好，没啥事。老婆就对我说，你赶紧去看看儿子！我说我们家的破房子也就掉了几块瓦，他们学校的楼房不会有事吧！但不管怎么说，我心里还是悬了一块大石头，就赶紧又往学校奔。平时十五分钟的路程，这天也就用了十来分钟。我走到镇上时，就吓出了冷汗：一路上看到许多人边哭边叫地往中学跑，我一问，说是学校塌了，死了好多人！我一听，两条腿也不知咋的竟软了，跑不动似的。也看见有几个女的家长原来走在我前面的，结果当场倒在路上，哭叫着，她们是吓得跑不动了。这时，救护车也出现了，声音挺吓人。等我到勤学路口时，一看，学校那边全乱了。烟尘还是很大，人都在往那里跑，也有不少是往外面跑的，是一些家长带着活下来的娃儿回家。我看了看，有的娃儿什么事也没有，有的就惨了。浑身上下脏兮兮的，一看就是瓦砾里刚刚钻出来的。有一个同学脸上都是血，家长背着他拼命在跑。一个骑三轮车的人就赶紧招呼他们，好像他们是熟人，说拉娃儿到医院去。我一看这阵势，心里想着一定出大事了，我家娃儿是初三，他们在三楼，肯定跑不出来了！我就开始流眼泪了，还一边喊着娃儿的名25万方数据 字，跟着学生家长们往学校跑。一到学校门口，我就傻了：咋楼房塌成这个样？三层楼变成了_一层楼，我娃儿上课的第三层歪斜着叠在一二层的废墟上，而且也看不出哪间哪室了！现场已经有上百人了，都在叫着自己娃儿的名字。也能听得出压在下面的娃儿在喊救命„„当时很乱，大伙也特别着急，没有人指挥，乱挖一气。家长们都急死了，踩着废墟到处在喊，到处在寻找。多数人只顾救自己的娃儿，有些娃儿挺可怜，他们喊叔叔阿姨救他们，可因为不是他们的家长，就没人救他们。但也有好心人，顺手把他们拖了出来，血淋淋的。现场的老师比较多，他们一个个脸色也都变样了拼命在自己的班级那里救人。我到自己的娃儿上课的那堆废墟前大声喊着他的名字，可没有回应。我也很着急。旁边有个男老师正抬着楼板救两个压在里面的娃儿，他抬不动。我就过去帮了-一把手。那两个娃儿救出来了有一个腿断了，血流了半身。我们只好两个人抬着她。当时救护车根本不够，我们就把她抬到一边的操场。躺在那里的已经有好几个，还有十几个已经死了，连盖都没盖，样子可惨呢！我一想自己的娃儿，就往倒塌的教室跑，突然有人拉住我，叫爸。我一看，是儿子！眼泪哗啦就像放闸似的„„走走！我拉着儿子就往家跑。我记不清怎么跟儿子回的家。后来路上他告诉我，他们班正好在操场上上体育课，所以没压着。谢天谢地！他妈一看儿子平安回到家，也哭了。抱着儿子直念叨着阿弥陀佛。儿子吓坏了，坐在那儿发呆。可我坐不住，觉得自己的儿子虽然没事了，可他们学校那边事大着呢！就啥也没说，又往学校跑„„这回学校的人多起来了，也看到有消防队员出现了，他们救人比较专业，但多数还是家长和老师在刨挖。我跟着上去帮着救人，不少人跟我一样，他们是镇上的和周边来的，大家见一个救一个。那楼塌得玄乎，楼板压得死死的，刨一个娃儿挺难的。有个娃儿的脖子被卡在钢丝里，我看着血顺着她的衣衫在流，但就是救不出来。当时她还活着，眼睛里满是泪，我们几个抢救的人费了很大的劲把她拉出来，结果一看她的腿断了„„我心里疼得不能形容，这个娃儿被弄到操场时，就已经断气了。她的家长来了，抱着她哭得死去活来。那女的估计是她妈，当场就昏死过去了。我再往那女娃边上看去，已经有二十几个躺在那里，都是没气了的。有的身上好端端的，啥伤也没有，是闷死的；有的脖子扭到一边了，估计是水泥板压的；还有一26万方数据 个头被盖住了，可旁边流了一摊血，还有白乎乎的脑浆„„我不怕你笑话，从那会儿起，我再没敢上废墟里去救人了，傻呆呆地站在校门口，着着一边是废墟上忙忙碌碌的抢救现场，一边是躺满受伤的或是死了的娃儿的操场，我不知干什么是好。不少人跟我一样，站在那里不知做啥。我是吓傻了。他们可能跟我一样，因为这种惨劲谁也没见过，没经历过。事后我心里骂了自己好几回，不像个男人，没去多救几个娃儿出来。12号那天，我回去比较晚了，快半夜了。温家宝总理来了后，我们大家都感到娃儿们有救了。我和在场的人多数是第一次见温总理，他现场看了一遍，然后拿着喇叭对我们说：我知道消息后第一时间就赶来了，人命关天，我的心情和大家一样难过。只要有一线希望，我们就要尽全部力量救人，废墟下哪怕还有一个人，我们都要抢救到底。他这句话我们都记得清清楚楚。当时大家听后内心热乎乎的。等总理时，我们现场就开始隔了几个区域，外面来的抢救专业队伍有一条通道，家长们有一条通道，中间是救护车通道。我看了看勤学路上围满了人，大家脸色都很难看。特别是那些有娃儿压在下面的家长，简直急死了。我看到有个家长跪在地上磕头，不知是在求观音保佑自己的娃儿，还是在求人家帮她救人，总之非常可怜。在废墟里面，每挖出一个活着的娃儿，就有人喊快来看，是谁家的孩子，家长们就拥上前。一看不是自己的娃儿，就散击赶紧又回到原来的地方去喊、去刨。如果是自己的娃儿，家长们就连声又是笑又是哭的；如果抬出来的娃儿是死的，家长多半哭得叫人看着实在受不了！有个男的见了自己已经死了的女娃，双手握着拳头，连同头一起往地上又撞又击，嘴里还在哭喊着，样子真的叫在场的人都跟着落泪„„夜里人少一点，因为只有一些车灯照着才能挖，所以多数家长只能看着消防队员和解放军在抢救。这一天我离开学校时，操场上已经放了很多尸体，有人在说已经有八九十具了。我不敢去数，也不知道自己又是咋回的家。其实回家后也没睡着，眼前一直在晃着学校里的现场，所以第二天一早又往学校走。家里人不让我去，可我一双腿就是不听劝，还是往那边走，好像埋在里面的娃儿没全挖出来，跟我有啥关系似的。我一到那里，看到已经有很多人了。挖掘的机器好像也多了些。这个时候，操场上时不时有人放炮仗。我们这里有习惯，死了人，要放炮，算是送他上天。所以后来每挖出一个没气的，就有人放一响，这响声让我们心里感到说不出的难受滋味„„后来的情况好像报纸上电视上都有了，我还说吗？老乡问我。27万方数据 我说谢谢你。对了，地震当天晚上就开始下大雨，特别是13号这一天，下着大雨，大得很哪，老天不帮忙！你看这操场，过去长满了青草，现在基本都没草了，就是那两天下雨踩掉的。老乡指着操场又说，当时抢救现场不管是救出一个活人还是抬出一个死人，都得往操场这边送。这来回走的人太多了，整个操场被踝得像个泥塘，青草全踩掉了„„见我被另一位遇难者的家属叫去，那老乡又拉住我胳膊：还没说完呢！说吧。我不得不停住脚步。13号不是抢救第二天吗？我再来现场时，看到一支穿橙黄色衣服的国家救援队来了，就是温总理说的国家专业队。他们是13号凌晨2点赶到聚源中学的，带队的团长姓王，他们有狼狗，还有生命探测仪，那玩意儿真灵，谁在里面还活着，就显示出来，狗也挺厉害，嗅得出来。13号早上我回到现场时，就见他们在救一个女娃，费劲大了！那娃儿压在三层半尺厚的楼板下面，正好在三层和四层楼板之间，只有二十来厘米的空隙，娃儿从那缝里喊救命。救援队员想了很多办法，13号不是抢救第二天吗？我再来现场时，看到一支穿橙黄色衣服的国家救援队来了，就是温总理说的国家专业队。他们是13号凌晨2点赶到聚源中学的，带队的团长姓王，他们有狼狗，还有生命探测仪，那玩意儿真灵，谁在里面还活着，就显示出来，狗也挺厉害，嗅得出来。13号早上我回到现场时，就见他们在救一个女娃，费劲大了！那娃儿压在三层半尺厚的楼板下面，正好在三层和四层楼板之间，只有二十来厘米的空隙，娃儿从那缝里喊救命。救援队员想了很多办法，就是救不出来，我们估计那娃儿不行了，因为她的腿被水泥板夹住，不把她的腿截断不行。没办法，解放军的一个大官张参谋长最后决定用军刀把夹住娃儿的水泥板及桌子腿截断，再用气垫顶住，最后花了六个多小时才把那娃救出来！娃儿的家长跪在地上直向解放军磕头致谢。娃儿叫高颖，跟我儿子同是初三的，她也命大。13号晚上了，国家救援队队员，说要撤离聚源中学了。我们一听就着急起来，特别是那些还有娃压在废墟里面没有出来的家长，急得死活不让国家救援队队员们走。那个时候其他抡救队虽然也能救人，但基本上跟我们差不多，靠笨办法。所以现场的家长们一听就不干了，但国家救援队是奉命要到绵竹的汉旺镇去，那里也有一个中学压倒了好多人，他们那边比我们这边惨多了，不管怎么说，我28万方数据 们都江堰离成都近，交通是通的，其他地方就不行了。第一个七十二小时里救命最要紧，估计汉旺那边太紧张了，说是总理的命令要调国家救援队过去。但我们这边的老百姓不理会这一套，都是孩子，都是命呀！所以家长们齐刷刷地跪在地上，我也跟着跪了下来，求他们不要走，哪怕再给几个小时。人家国家救援队水平就是不一样，到13号后，一般抢救基本上不能救出啥活人了，只有国家救援队他们用探测器一搜索，又有专业抢救本领，基本上能发现一个有生命的遇难者，就救出一个来。他们在聚源救了五个生还者，可当时废墟里还有几百人没出来，家长谁不急？但没有办法，我们跪在地上人家也要走。我当时看国家救援队的人也十分为难，他们从感情上也不愿走，有人看着我们跪在那里都哭了，几百人跪在地上求他们，我想国家救援队虽然身经百战，但这种场面可能也是第一次经历。最后那个王团长站在废墟上用喇叭说：乡亲们，你们的心情我很理解，但国家救援队只有一支。这里已经经过我们多次搡测，里面有生命迹象的已经很渺茫了，所以我们必须赶到更需要我们去的地方，去救更多的人！我看王团长说这话时，嗓子也是哑的。后来我们当地的一个领导也出面说话了，他说这次地震面积大，要我们顾全大局，让救援队到更需要的地方去，不要耽误他们的时间。这样，我们才慢慢站了起来，可那些家长还是没有站起来，最后也基本上都站了起来，给国家救援队让出一条路来，这一情景，我看了0里也特别感动，又特别难受，因为这等于说那些没有救出来的娃儿基本上没有希望了，家长的心隋你想会是啥样？老乡说到这儿一再说：我不说了！不想说了„„然后背过身，走了。我看他在擦眼泪。这一瞬间，我的眼睛也酸了，我能想象得出几百人跪在地上的那种场景是什么样！那些百姓默送国家救援队离开现场时的心情又是何等的复杂呵！这就是生命之苦！生命之痛！我相信当时在废墟里绝对还有生命活着，事实上后来也确实在聚源中学废墟里救出了存活七十多个小时的被埋者。但我也相信，在国家救援队离开聚源中学之后，废墟里又死去了不少人——他们在无助的情况下丧失了残存的生命„„地震就是这样无情！倒塌学校几乎无一例外地都是这种情况。而国家救援队后来去救援的汉旺镇命运要比聚源中掌差得多。因为多数山区倒塌的学校，他们都没有在第一时间内获得专业队的救援，甚至连一些大型机械设备都不可能到达参与抢29万方数据 救。所以这些学校师生的死亡程度和死亡比例要比都江堰一带的高得多！都江堰是不幸的，但都江堰在此次地震后的第一时间里获得了最快、最多的救援，这里他们的幸运之处。温家宝总理来到灾区后选择的国家抗震救灾总指挥部也设在都江堰。都江堰必须承担悲痛和责任双重担子。当我踩着洒满白灰的地面，走近聚源中学两座教学楼的那片废墟时，看到的景象，令人吃惊，因为六层楼的教学楼除了中间还留了一个只有一间房子那么大的歪歪斜斜的楼房走廊外，两边看不到任何竖起的建筑物。与之相距几十米的据说是教师的办公室，基本还算完好，但裂缝很明显，显然也是受到了地震的严重损坏。不过据说当时这栋楼里没有死人，但遗憾的是学生们上课的所有教室全部倒塌了——这也是那些遇难学生的家长的最痛。当地人说，聚源中学一直以师资力量雄厚著称，多年来为都江堰市一些高中输送了许多优秀毕业生。为此，在当地人看来，聚源中学就是该镇的骄傲，而学校门前的这条勤学路，记录了聚源镇几代人的希望。在勤学路的两侧，长满了许多高高的白果树，有的据说有四十多年了，宅见证了聚源镇注重教育的深厚历史。而十多年树龄的水杉树，则与聚源中学老教学楼的年龄相仿，记载了聚源教育的辉煌。一位孙姓老者告诉我，他小时候在聚源中学念书时教学楼有四层高，在当时的乡镇初中学校里，是非常气派的。那些家长会在学校门口的杉木树下叮嘱自己的孩子要好好学习，将来要像这杉树一样，长得高高的，成为国家和社会的有用之材。勤学路和两旁的杉树，寄托了全镇家长们对子女的期望。多少年来，从这条路上走出去的是家长们的荣耀和学生们的理想。但，2008年5月12日下午2时28分的大地震，打破了这种理想和期望：聚源中学的教学楼彻底震坍了，震得极其惨烈，让人无法理解它为什么会倒塌得那么厉害！而这在之前的所有时间里，这里还是欢乐与理想并存着的场所。地震来得太突然！大楼塌得又有些不可思议！逝者无法给我讲述他们的感受，他们的亡灵在天国，有一天我们同在天国的时候，我想她们和他们再向我们讲述的时候，天国会下泪雨„„30万方数据 我们所能听到的是那些幸存的孩子的讲述——初二(8)班一位同学这样回忆：我们的教室在三楼，靠楼梯口比较近。下午上课大约二十分钟的时候，教室突然晃动起来。有人说地震了！我们就开始奔跑，我跑得快，一口气就顺着楼梯口跑了出来。跑出来后，我看到有人从二楼、三楼、还有四楼的窗户内跳下来。有的跌倒了又爬了起来，但高的楼房子里往下跳的人基本上很少有人能够爬起来的，他们后来几乎都被压在倒塌的楼板下。我跑得快，估计才用了几秒钟。我是男孩，平时我们同学之间吵吵闹闹，经常在楼梯上奔跑，可那一天我跑得特快，所以跑了出来，后来就啥也不知道了„„脑子一片空白了！只听身后轰的一声巨响，然后烟尘大得很，等能看得清时，我吓坏了：我们上课的楼全塌了，我身边不知什么时候，有个同学倒在地上，全是血„„我一看，双腿一软，啥也不知道了。等我醒来时，我爸正背着我往回家的路上走。初三(4)班的一个同学说：我们班逃出来了一部分，压在里面的很多，后来被救出的一部分，死的很多。我也跑得快，可是当时楼梯口人太多，堵住了，我们只能从楼上往下跳。我看到有个男同学跳了下去，我也跟着跳，着地的那一刻，我知道自己的煺可能断了，但还是站了起来，往前跑了几步，这个时候楼开始塌了„„我回头一看还有同学在跳，其中还有个女同学，她跳的姿势不对，当场就伏在地上没起来，可能摔伤胸脯了。我想去拉她一把，但来不及了，楼塌下来时往我们身上倒，我赶紧朝前扑了几步，好险哪，一块大水泥板就倒在我身后不到一米！等我能看清倒塌的楼房时，就再没见那个女同学，她被压住了，肯定没活成。在倒下的楼板的一根钢筋上，我看到一个同学的大半个身子被挑了起来，她还没死，浑身在抽动，一会儿就不动了．„一我完全不知道该怎么办，后来被老师赶到了操场，坐在地上，想站起来，可腿就是不听使唤。其实没多大伤，可就是起不来。眼前老闪着那个女同学痛苦的抽动„„在这倒塌的两栋教学楼里分别有该校初二和初三各九个班。每个班的学生平均在六十人左右。5月12日下午第一节课，其中的两个班在楼外的操场上上体育课，还有一个班在另一栋楼上微机课。这三个班得以全体幸免于难。在那些从教师办公室逃离和上体育课的教师的描述中，楼房垮塌的速度很快，随之腾起巨大的灰尘，整个过程在一两分钟内完成，所以楼房垮塌一共有近千名学生和教师埋在里面。后来在抢救过程中，看到不少地方都是十几个、十几个的31万方数据 孩子一起砸在水泥板底下，其隋景惨不忍睹！成都一家报社的何三畏，是比较早到聚源中学现场采访的记者，他用诗意的笔调记录了当时一位初二同学的震时心境，读后让人心酸——5月12日，星期一，刚刚立夏，以川西平原的天气来说，稍显闷热。都江堰市聚源镇中学中午的作息时间是，1点40分学生到教室休息，到2点整，再活动一下，2点10分开始上课。也就是说，到地震爆发的2点28分，孩子们上了十八分钟课。初中二年级八班第一节是语文课。杨琳同学今天感到很满意，因为老师一上来就抽了她回答问题，背诵一段你认为最优美的阅读课文。她准备了好久，可是，老师以前没有抽到过她。荷是一种有人性有灵性的植物。如雁排长空，鱼翔浅底，驼走沙漠，荷与碧水结不解之缘„„今夜在如水的月华下，我在书桌上铺开绿色的稿纸，如同摊开一湖碧水，那荷则以诗的形状开在纸上，花蕊便成了诗眼„„杨琳喜欢这些句子。可是，她觉得她背的段落太少了，她珍惜老师抽到她的机会，在诗眼那句后面临时加了些句子。这篇课文的名字叫《荷》，她喜欢。老师抽其他同学去了，她检查了一下自己在这一堂课的内容，想到下一节是英语课，她开始背英语单词。各科老师都关心我，我的压力很大的；有一次，老师还说有人要送衣服给我。因为我家里贫困。杨琳14岁，还有一个弟弟在同一个学校念初一。初一在另一栋房子上课，那一栋没有垮。杨琳5岁的时候，爸爸突然去世。妈妈很劳累，患骨质增生，在成都打过工，后来到了青岛，继续供两个孩子上学。爷爷66岁，奶奶63岁，是两个孩子在家里的依靠。杨琳开始懂得生活的艰辛，性格独立，坚强而隐忍。她学业中上，但她愿意比别人花更多的时间。她说，她到这里来读书，开始学校是不收她的。教室开始摇晃的时候，她没有回过神来。她能回想起那一刻教室里恐怖的尖叫，但她说她甚至没有感觉到害怕。当教室越来越剧烈地摇动时，她失去了控制力。在教室倾塌的时候，她已经从第一排被甩到了最后一排，她是从最后一排坠落在废墟中的。他们在三楼，教室最高一层。当尘埃初步落定，她被压在废墟里，伤势不重，32万方数据 横七竖八的建筑构件暂时稳定下来。跟她在一起的，还有两个男生。一个压在她的身上。在她的叙述中，地震发生过两次，教室第二次垮下来，她的臀部被重压，上面有了光线。但第二次地震应该是废墟里的引力作用。她不能计算在那里面的时间。她先后两次跟呼喊着寻找孩子的家长对上话。他们问，是不是某某，回答不是，别的孩子的爸妈就走过了。两次过后，杨琳说她不叫了。她有一只手能动，就拿砖头砸自己的额头，因为砸昏了就不难受了。旁边的男生叫她不要做傻事。不过，那只是一个瓦片似的水泥块，她没有昏过去，却感觉更加艰难。前面一个同学终于被家长救出去了。她寄希望于他们叫人来，可是，她不知道过了多久，没有人来。压着她的那位同学，曾经昏迷过去，又清醒过来。那位同学后来也被家长救了出去。她又在里面等，可是，他们又忘记了她。在等待中，她摸到一个同学的鞋，摸到她的腿脚，凉的。她能判断出是班上一位比较胖的女同学。她不再喊了，开始自救。她要在玻璃碴上面爬行。她略微借用了一下书本垫着，隔玻璃碴。她没有感觉到哪里痛，但是，她出来以后，遍体鳞伤。她不能判断时间。只知道爬出来的时候，天还没有黑。她看到花坛，觉得有点怪异，这是一楼地面上的，而她没有走路，竟然下了楼。一个穿红色衣服的人背上她。下午第一节课听她背诵过美文《荷》的老师朴过来，抱住她，说，我叫你跑的！她想，我在愣着背英语，没有听到。她被抬到一边放着，等待送医院。同学老师劝她不要哭。她说她是在傻笑。但是，当同学们说，她爷爷奶奶很担心她，她开始哭。都江堰的医院没有救治条件了，她被送到成都。整个楼道都是地震的受害者。还有一个初一的孩子，一直没有跟家人联系上。而他已经截掉了一段小腿„„在成都时，我很想与杨琳的聚源中学同学联系上，可整个灾区的伤员分得太散。后来从一位朋友那里知道了杨琳的情况，他们告诉我，这个女孩子非常坚强，内心也很丰富，她有个愿望是将来能上一所好的高中，然后争取上大学。但她担心家里生活条件不允许，那时她只能回家跟妈妈出去打工挣钱，来照顾爷爷奶奶。我请朋友转告杨琳，希望她树立信心，只要考上大学，国家现在有政策，那些家庭经济困难的学生是可以通过多种形式争取贷款或勤工俭学等方法来解决问题33万方数据 的。杨琳毕竟是幸运的。只要生命存在，就有希望。但在聚源中学，有近三百位孩子永远地离开了他们的同学和亲人，只有他们的灵魂在天国孤独地存在„．．震后的都江堰，完全处在一片恐惧和混乱的状态，到处是痛苦和悲伤的场面。即使一星期多后，我所看到的都江堰也还处在明显的混乱加悲痛之中„„天上的直升机不停地飞过，据说是在向大山深处的映秀等地运送伤员和物资。地面上的城市，到处都是军队和那些推土机的队伍，要不就是各色各样的帐篷。这已经不知好多少了！当地一位百姓说，现在至少晚上有灯亮了，白天能喝上水、做上饭了！如果你们在5月12日晚上和13日来，就可以看到真正叫惨了！没吃没住倒还能坚持，最让人揪心的是几个地方的死人太多，尤其是新建小学，这么多小娃儿，而且学校又是在市中心，去看的人也多，开始还能帮上手，后来只能靠机械来救人了，娃儿们埋在废墟里哇哇直叫，把地面上的人叫得眼泪哗哗地流，可就是没有办法去救活他们，那楼塌得玄乎，像老天爷从楼顶往下砸似的，几层楼压得扁成一团，扒不开，有的娃儿被压成肉饼，不能提那惨劲„„都江堰多数人不愿再提新建小学的事，这痛在他们心头留下的伤痕太深刻了！有成都人告诉我，当夜在成都只有一个直播昀声音，交通台的一个女播音员和她的五位同事一直坚守在岗位，而她也成了地震之后第一个让成都人感到有希望和交流的城市夜莺。可是在我们与她单位联系采访她时，有人告诉我们说，此人平时表现一般，而且还不合群，言外之意希望我们不要宣传这样的人。真是可悲！一个给苦难中的城市带来希望和安慰的人，同时也因她的声音和传播而拯救了无数生命的英雄，却在某些人眼里永远无法摆脱偏见。这位女播音员在成都市民的心中永远是英雄，至少在那一夜她比任何人都英勇。都江堰十万火急！那里急需救护车辆运送伤员，请的哥的姐们行动起来！去拯救我们的孩子和同胞吧！这是她的声音。这是她的呼救。于是，成都到都江堰的公路上，长长的、开着应急顶灯的出租车队，浩浩荡荡地开向都江堰„„最后汇成上千辆的队伍——而且他们都是自愿的！这是大震34万方数据 之后，第一时间里出现的第一支伟大的志愿者队伍。苦难中挣扎着的都江堰人一见如此阵势，无不热泪盈眶„„新建小学，顾名思义，一座新建的小学。它在都江堰市中心的建设路上，原本由两座平房和一栋四层教学楼组成。我们去时，看到了两座平房还基本完好，但教学楼只残留约四分之一的楼体，其余的全变成了废墟„„地震时，只听轰的一声，那座四层的教学楼就斜倒了，学生娃儿一下就埋在里面，惨得很！一位居住在学校旁边的居民指了指那堆已经被推土机和挖掘机翻了几次的废墟如此说。新建小学共有学生六百八十七人。12日当天，在校的学生共六百八十人。经过现场初步清点，安全撤离到操场的学生有三百五十人。校长杨勇一直对外界这么说：地震发生时，他急忙冲上三楼，大声叫喊着要求学生们不要慌张，扶着墙壁往下走，到操场集中。我是最后一个下楼的人。杨勇校长在地震发生时的指挥是有功的，不然不知要多死多少孩子！但新建小学付出的代价还是无法让遇难学生的家长们平息心头之愤：为什么教学楼就这样不经震？砸死的都是些七八九十岁的孩子啊！地震袭击都江堰后，许多房子倒塌了，市民遇难的也很多。因此有一对中年夫妇志愿者驾驶自己的挖掘机帮助救援，可当他们经过新建小学时才知道他们的儿子也被埋压在废墟里。求求你一定救救我们的儿子啊！中年夫妇看到现场的惨状，跪在正在抢救的消防支队四级士官肖和的面前乞求道。肖和点点头，转身上了废墟，这位战士当时已经救出了几十位学生。他又毫不犹豫地开始为这对志愿者夫妇寻找被埋的儿子。经过几个小时的艰苦发掘，一具残缺的遗体被小心翼翼地抬了上来„„那中年妇女一看遗体，话还没说出口，便当场昏死过去。那中年男子从消防战士的手中接过孩子，又一次扑通跪在肖和面前，哭着说：兄弟，我的孩子没了，请求你们给他裹一床新被子吧。昨天我给孩子说好了，今天和我们分床睡，他很勇敢，不哭也不闹，就说要一床新被子，我和他妈妈还没有来得及给他买被子啊„„中年男子泣不成声。泪流满面的肖和将手里的工具递给战友，跑到自己驾驶的移动照明车上，将部队集结时候发给自己的一床新棉被抱了下来，裹在了孩子身上„„35万方数据 当时现场嗣了很多人，大家看到这种情景，无不落泪。后来大家知道，这位叫肖和的消防战士是正面临退役的四级士官，是消防支队中军龄最长的一个兵，这位老兵在新建小学立了大功，仅他一人就先后救起四十五人。国家队来啦！我们娃儿有救了！快让让路！让一让！突然，有位在现场指挥的当地领导对围在校门外的家长们高喊起来。大家顿时不由自主地往同一个方向看去，只见一队身着橙黄色服装的国家救援队的官兵跑步向新建小学而来。立即，校门口让出一条通道。国家队，迅速进入现场。领队的刘向阳擦了擦脸上的汗水，把手一挥：快展开抢救！一时间，队员们冲上废墟，生命影像测探仪、红外测探仪、声波测探仪，还有搜救狗——老百姓这样称呼那些灵敏的特种狗，一齐开始忙碌起来。围观的群众和那些揪心的家长脸上跟着紧张和兴奋起来„„发现目标！不到三分钟，有队员报告。于是现场的挖掘机等设备被利用起来，包括消防队员的双手，集中在目标处„„第一位幸存者被救。当受伤的孩子睁着恐惧的眼睛看着围观的人群时，他的家长又笑又哭，不知如何是好。三个小时过去了，八个孩子被救出。这对现场是何等的鼓舞！汪、汪、汪„„灵敏的专家又发现目标！救援队指导员杜国平带着队员张文起等飞步过去。他们通过电筒照射，发现楼板下面有微弱的声音，原来里面有个女孩，而地的旁边还有一个男孩子也活着。一定要把孩子活着救出来！领队刘向阳经过观察，迅速与大家研究出了营救方案：先把楼板吊起来，然后再视隋况营救。你们把眼睛闭上！刘向阳冲底下的孩子高喊了一声，然后指挥吊车缓缓移动横伏的水泥楼板„„再往里面看去，刘向阳他们又高兴又心痛——高兴的是小女孩子的身体露了出来，那男孩也睁开了眼睛看着他。痛心的是，在这两个孩子旁边，拥挤了七八个缠绕在一起的已经都死亡了的学生„„这一幕触目惊心。三个小时过去了，八个孩子被救出。这对现场是何等的鼓舞！汪、汪、汪„„灵敏的专家又发现目标！救援队指导员杜国平带着队员张文起等飞步过去。他们通过电筒照射，发现楼板下面有微弱的声音，原来里面有个女孩，而地的旁边还有一个男孩子也活着。36万方数据 一定要把孩子活着救出来！领队刘向阳经过观察，迅速与大家研究出了营救方案：先把楼板吊起来，然后再视隋况营救。你们把眼睛闭上！刘向阳冲底下的孩子高喊了一声，然后指挥吊车缓缓移动横伏的水泥楼板„„再往里面看去，刘向阳他们又高兴又心痛——高兴的是小女孩子的身体露了出来，那男孩也睁开了眼睛看着他。痛心的是，在这两个孩子旁边，拥挤了七八个缠绕在一起的已经都死亡了的学生„„这一幕触目惊心。总理来啦！突然有人说。刘向阳他们抬头一看，可不是，就在他们旁边的一堆废墟上，温家宝总理冒雨来到了现场。报告总理，我是国家救援队的副队长刘向阳，我们已经在这里救出八名幸存者。好。谢谢你们，你们是好样的！希望你们能尽快地救出更多的幸存者。温家宝说着，就蹲下身子，往废墟的下面看„„现场的人清楚地看到温家宝的眼里一下湿了。孩子，你一定要挺住，你一定能获救的！总理爷爷„„那个躺在遇难者遗体之中的小女孩轻轻地说。总理爷爷好，我很坚强的。那个被压在遇难者遗体之下的男孩突然这样说了一句。温家宝的嘴顿时一抿，两行眼泪淌在脸颊上。现场的人都流泪了。找个东西给孩子遮一下。温家宝见雨水淋在废墟里的女孩子脸上，心疼地对刘向阳说。马上，有人传过一床被子，刘向阳裹住了女孩的身子。流着眼泪的温家宝这才慢慢站起身，并对刘向阳说：你们一定要把这两个孩子救出来。总理放心，我们一定完成任务！刘向阳保证道。工作人员一直在轻轻催着温家宝，显然另有重要的灾情要向他报告。可总理似乎放心不下仍在抢救中的孩子，于是在现场亲自指挥了二十分钟。由于孩子周围的废墟成网状，一时难以将孩子马上救出来。最后温家宝不得不离开现场，他再次用命令的口气对刘向阳说：你们无论如何要救出他们。要查一下这两个孩子叫什么名字，将来我要去看他们。37万方数据 5月24日下午，温家宝总理再次来到都江堰灾区时，问当时在场的市领导，新建小学那两个孩子救出来了吗？市领导同志回答说，救出来了，现在可能在市人民医院治疗。温家宝当场就说，我想去看看那两个孩子。随后，温总理穿好衣服，正准备去都江堰市人民医院，忽然又听说这两个孩子都在四川省人民医院，于是，又直奔省人民医院探视。流着眼泪的温家宝这才慢慢站起身，并对刘向阳说：你们一定要把这两个孩子救出来。总理放心，我们一定完成任务！刘向阳保证道。工作人员一直在轻轻催着温家宝，显然另有重要的灾情要向他报告。可总理似乎放心不下仍在抢救中的孩子，于是在现场亲自指挥了二十分钟。由于孩子周围的废墟成网状，一时难以将孩子马上救出来。最后温家宝不得不离开现场，他再次用命令的口气对刘向阳说：你们无论如何要救出他们。要查一下这两个孩子叫什么名字，将来我要去看他们。5月24日下午，温家宝总理再次来到都江堰灾区时，问当时在场的市领导，新建小学那两个孩子救出来了吗？市领导同志回答说，救出来了，现在可能在市人民医院治疗。温家宝当场就说，我想去看看那两个孩子。随后，温总理穿好衣服，正准备去都江堰市人民医院，忽然又听说这两个孩子都在四川省人民医院，于是，又直奔省人民医院探视。温家宝来到两个孩子住院的病房时，9岁的赵其松正躺在病床上输液。小其松觉得这个爷爷很面熟，便拿起一个苹果，热情地说：爷爷，给您一个苹果。温家宝的脸上顿时出现了笑容，俯下身子，说：谢谢你，爷爷不吃，你留着吃吧！你还记得那天吗？那天我看到你了。你听见我喊你了吗？我叫你要挺住。我有一张蹲在地上看叔叔们救你的照片，我惦记着你呢！小其松眨了眨眼睛，终于想起来了，忙回答：知道！看过小其松后，温家宝又来到7岁女孩王佳淇床前。他俯下身子，拿起孩子的小手说：来，摸摸爷爷的脸。小淇淇非常聪明，一下就认出了面前的这位爷爷是谁，便十分兴奋地说：总理爷爷，我被救出来的时候没有哭，我做鼻子手术的时候也没有哭。温家宝的眼睛顿时红红的，他满怀深情地对小淇淇说：对，你很坚强，我记38万方数据 得你，你现在想和爷爷说什么话吗？小淇淇那双水灵灵的眼睛转了转，说：我代表新建小学的小朋友感谢温家宝爷爷！温家宝点着头，双手紧握孩子的手，说：你好了以后，代我向新建小学还活着的小朋友问好！嗯！小淇淇开心地应道。小淇淇和小其松是幸运的。他们是新建小学几百名幸存者中最幸运的孩子，因为他们是得到国家总理的直接关心的幸存者。然而他们还有一百多名小伙伴却永远地不能再做爸爸妈妈的好宝贝了„„大震两天后的14日下午2点左右，另一支现场搜救队又在新建小学的废墟中发现了一名小男孩的遗体。孩子的母亲见到死去的儿子后，号哭一声，便瘫倒在地，当场被救援者一路搀扶着离开现场。孩子的父亲赵建中看起来还算冷静，此前，据说他已经在废墟上搜寻了近两天时间。当救援者把孩子的遗体抬到收殓车前，赵建中蹲下身去，用手帕擦去儿子脸上的灰尘，拿出手机，拍下了儿子留在人世间的最后容颜。然后，赵建中和周围的人一起，平静地将孩子裹人一块军用毯里。紧接着，赵建中用力抱起军用毯，往收殓车走去，所有人都默默地望着他的动作。突然这个一直很镇静的父亲，仰天长啸，那声音撕破已经过度悲痛的都江堰的短暂平静，许多过路的人再一次围到新建小学门口，他们与赵建中一起再一次承受着悲痛„„自12日下午开始，都江堰的哭声就没有停止过。5月12日，对普通的人来说，没有任何特别的意义，但在医院，这个日子会引发一些年轻的女护士的热情，因为这一天是一年一度的护士节。一百多年来，南丁格尔精神一直激励和鼓舞着白衣天使们在自己的岗位上努力奉献着热情与医术。而通常，这一天每个医院都有些特别的活动，这会让年轻的护士们感到格外的兴奋和自豪。都江堰市中医院的女护士们同样关心着这一日子。上午同往常一样，只是因为这个护士节是周一，所以这家日门诊量在八九百人次的县级中医院，这天上午要比平日多一些看病的人。许多一线的医生和护士一直忙到中午才算稍稍松了口气。这座医院与新建小学离得很近，同在老城区繁华昀建设路上。全院只有两座39万方数据 大楼，进院门右手是门诊大楼，与之对面的是厂字形的六层楼住院部，门诊大楼和住院楼合围成一个小广场。因为上午的门诊特别忙，所以到中午后多数医院职工回家吃饭和休息去了。通常下午2点半后门诊部的工作人员才开始重新多起来。但住院部大楼里一切正常。一百多位病人和陪床家属，除值班医生外，忙碌的要算护士了。而这一天还有一个情况是，今天的住院楼护士中，有一部分被副院长胡芸带去参加市里的护理技能竞赛去了，没有人想到，这些去参加竞赛的护士们是多么的幸运，她们都幸免于难。而留在医院的护士们，几乎全都成了地震的殉葬者„„住院部的五楼，是妇产科。2点20分，一例妇产科手术成功做完。几个护士嘻嘻哈哈地要去住院部大楼背后小巷吃麻辣烫，主持手术的吴大夫有点累了，说不想去，留下来处理一些手术室的事。这座医院与新建小学离得很近，同在老城区繁华昀建设路上。全院只有两座大楼，进院门右手是门诊大楼，与之对面的是厂字形的六层楼住院部，门诊大楼和住院楼合围成一个小广场。因为上午的门诊特别忙，所以到中午后多数医院职工回家吃饭和休息去了。通常下午2点半后门诊部的工作人员才开始重新多起来。但住院部大楼里一切正常。一百多位病人和陪床家属，除值班医生外，忙碌的要算护士了。而这一天还有一个情况是，今天的住院楼护士中，有一部分被副院长胡芸带去参加市里的护理技能竞赛去了，没有人想到，这些去参加竞赛的护士们是多么的幸运，她们都幸免于难。而留在医院的护士们，几乎全都成了地震的殉葬者„„住院部的五楼，是妇产科。2点20分，一例妇产科手术成功做完。几个护士嘻嘻哈哈地要去住院部大楼背后小巷吃麻辣烫，主持手术的吴大夫有点累了，说不想去，留下来处理一些手术室的事。大约两分钟后，胡小弟发现自己还活着，只是位置不同了，他的脚下尽是瓦砾和碎片。他从断裂的楼板上站起来，拍拍腿和腰板，没事！毛发无损！可张科长没了，其他几个同事也没了。倒是那个从裂缝中掉下去的同事还有气，只是脊椎骨折了。胡小弟吃惊地看着自己的脚下原先是六层高的楼房，现在只剩下两层楼那么高的废墟了。他知道住院部彻底完了，那么多病人和陪床的病人家属，还有自己的几十位医院同事也完了„„这是地震吗？唐出大地震挺厉害，可也没有40万方数据 听说这么高的大楼往地下坐下的！他看到了小广场上站着的不少人在喊话，也有人开始哭了。他听到有人叫他的名字。他明白了：自己还活着。胡小弟认识门诊楼药房的罗昌伟。第一声喊快去救人和第一个冲进废墟里的就是他。罗昌伟从废墟里抱出的第一个人是活的，但第二个抱出来的却已经断气了。后来门诊楼里出来的人渐渐多起来，他们都冲到了已成废墟的住院部大楼„„很奇怪，厂字形的住院部大楼，有一面并没很奇怪，厂字形的住院部大楼，有一面并没有倒塌，只是被扭斜了，像中了风的面孔，很恐怖。那楼上还有五十来人，因为没了楼梯，幸存者聚集在窗口处拼命呼救。有一个人情急难忍，一不小心，从松动的窗台跌下，当即身亡。罗昌伟看到了这一情景，喊人到门诊大厅里拉出一根消防带，试图用简易梯将上面的人救下。但简易梯子不够高，上面的人没法往下滑。五十多个人更加紧张，大哭小喊，乱成一片。这时，午休后回来上班的李其林院长，余福德、胡芸、周勇副院长等赶到了现场，救人开始变得有序。很快，成都消防队和武警成都指挥学院的官兵也来了。最终，残楼上面有四十九人获救。可是，倒塌的废墟里，仍然有大量病人和陪床的家属及医院的几十位工作人员被埋„„此刻的废墟里，到处是血，救人争分夺秒。当时我们看到倒塌的住院部大楼，就像一个巨大的坟墓，你甚至都不敢去碰它，因为都是横七竖八的楼板，你不知道动了这一块另外哪一块会再一次轰然垮塌，死的人会更多！所以我看到医院此刻的废墟里，到处是血，救人争分夺秒。当时我们看到倒塌的住院部大楼，就像一个巨大的坟墓，你甚至都不敢去碰它，因为都是横七竖八的楼板，你不知道动了这一块另外哪一块会再一次轰然垮塌，死的人会更多！所以我看到医院和消防队的几个人在废墟上，只能靠双手抱、扒，或者用简单的木棍铁铲撬。还有不少来帮忙的人，一见楼板下有人叫救命，就小心翼翼地给搬掉压在上面的水泥块，有人还想往缝里塞矿泉水瓶，但又不能解决多大问题。所以救出一个人非常困难。眼瞅着许多人在里面被闷死了„„七八天过去了，中医院的那堆废墟前，总有一41万方数据 些邻居和围观的人站在那儿向来自各地的记者等介绍些情况。一个中年人这样向我介绍道。42万方数据 附录二：译文ManypeopledidnotexpectWenchuanearthquaketoreoccurbecauselifeatthattimewasextremelydelicateandmiserable,helplessandsad.Butitwashistory.Itwasobjective.Ifwedidnotrecordthemiseryoflife,wecouldnotgettoknowthebitternessandexcellencewhenwecamefromtheanimalworldtothemodernsocietywherewepaidgreatattentiontofood,drink,andclothes.Itwouldleadustoabetterfuture.Aphysiologistoncesaidthatonemustgothroughthedeath.Deathwithbitternesswasofmorevaluethandeathwithhappinessinpsychologyandhistory.InWenchuanearthquake,whichwas8ontheRichterscale,deathwasthemosthorrifyingthing.Besides,thefirstandthesaddestsceneinourChinesepeople‘seyeswasintheplacewhichweallwerefamiliarwith.ItwasDujiangyan.HowwasitgoingwithDujiangyan?Therewasonlyseveralquarters‘drivefromDujiangyantoChengdu.ThosewhocametoChengdufortraveloronbusinesswouldgotheretoenjoythemasterpieceofLiBingandhisson,whichwasthousandsofyearsfromnow.Thewater,theirrigationsystem,andtheplacesofhistoricalfiguresandheritagewereamazing.DujiangyanwaswhereIhadworkedandlived20yearsago.Ilovedthecommonpeoplethere.However,intheearthquake,DujiangyanwasthefirstplacewhereIfeltthebitternessofdeath.WecouldnotforgettheJuyanMiddleSchool,XianjianPrimarySchoolandhospitaloftraditionalChinesemedicine,wheremanypeopleshouldnothavediedthere.ManypeopledescribedthescenewhentheearthquakehitinChengduoroutsideChengdu.IcouldimaginethateverybodyfelthewasabouttodiewhentheearthquakeofeightontheRichterscalestruckwithin100miles.Whentheywereabouttodieinthiskindofirresistiblesituation,theywouldbecomeextremelyhelplessinpanic.Orevenyourfriendsorfamilymemberswoulddieinfrontofyoubloodilyatthatmoment…everyonewouldfeelscaredandpanickedinthatsituation.43万方数据 ButwhathappenedinDujiangyanwasevenworsethanthat.Itwasinthehospitalandtheschoolwherepeoplediedandthebuildingcollapsedmostseriously.—Therewereourstudentsintheschool;therewereourrelatives,whohadsufferedfromdiseasesinthehospital.WecametoJuyanMiddleSchoolaweekaftertheearthquake.Icouldstillfeelthesadness,whichtheearthquakeleftforthelocalpeople,especiallyparentsofthekids.TherewasaroadleadingtoJuyuanMiddleSchool,whichwascalledQinxueRoad.AsthenameinChineseindicated,itwasthesymbolfortheconnectionbetweenthisschoolandtheoutsideworld.Locatedontheborderbetweenthecityandthecounty,onceithadover1,800students,.Walkingonthisroadmadebythelocalvillagers,Ifeltthattheywerechangingtheiridentityandupholdthehonoroftheirancestors.OnthedaywhenIwaswalkingontheroad,Isawsomethingdifferent:aflockofparentswholosttheirchildrenstoodinthemiddleoftheroadwithslogansintheirhands.Theywornmourningapparelandtoldeveryreporterwhocamethere—―Alltheteachingbuildingfelldown.Therewere900studentsinthebuildingatthattime.Thosechildrenleftus.Theheadsandbodiesofsomechildrenwereseparated.―WhenpremierWencamehere,Ikneltdowninfrontofhim.Hefollowedmetocry.‖―Whydidn‘tmostofthehousesinthetownfalldown,andonlytheteachingbuildingfelldown?‖―…‖Somesaidthis,andotherssaidthat.Ididnotrememberhowmanytimestheyrepeatedsuchwordsinaraucousvoice.Buttheynevergaveuponeusefulchanceoruselesschancetotelltheirangerandsadness.―Look.Theseweremytwodaughters.Theyaretwins.Aretheybeautiful?Theybothdied…Ithasbeenoneweek.Iliveingriefeveryday!‖Aforty-year-oldwomanpointedtotwobeautifulgirlsinaphotoofherfamily.Shebeatherchestwhenshetoldmethat.Therewerenotearsinheareyes.Maybehereyesweredry.Therewereexpectationandentreatiesleft.―IknowwhatIshouldsayandwhatIshouldnotsay.44万方数据 Whentheforeignjournalistscome,Isaynothingatall.Butyouareourwriter.Iwantyoutogotomyhome.Isetupamourninghallinmyhouse.Now,Iaccompanythemeverydayasbefore.Buttheydonottalkwithme,onlysmileatmejustlikeinthephoto.‖Iwantedtowipemytearsoff,butfailed.Iaskedforthenamesofthosetwogirls.Shesaid,―OneisnamedZhaoYajia,theotherisnamedZhaoYaqi.MynameisZhaoDeqin.‖Ishedmytearsalltheway,walkedontheQinxueRoad,whichwasfullofflavorofbleachanddeadbodies,andarrivedattheruinswherethetwinswereburiedinJuyuanMiddleSchool…severalvillagerstoldmethat270peoplediedthere.Therewereseveralteachersamongthem.Therestwereallstudents.Icouldhardlyimagine.―Wereyouallthere?‖―Yes,wewereallthere.Aftertheaccident,thousandsofpeoplesurroundedthere.thTherewerelesspeopleuntil14.Wecouldhardlydigthealiveoutatthattime.‖Severalvillagerswhosurroundedmeallthetimelookedlikesayingsomething.Buttheyhesitated,whicharousedmyinteresttofindthetruth.―Youdon‘tknowthatsomeonecametowarmusnottotelleverythingtostrangers…‖avillager,whoseemedtobebold,said.―Whynot?Itisthefactthattheschoolfelldownandsomanystudentsdied.Youjusttellmewhatyousaw.‖Iencouragedhim.―Ialsothinkinthisway.PremierWenwenttheretovisitusforthefirsttime.Theofficialsalwaysreportedthegoodnewsandhidthebadnews.Weusuallyacceptitbutnotthistimeastheearthquakestruckthisarea.Godknowshowmanypeoplediedintheaccident.Buttheyhiditasusual.Weareangryaboutthis.‖OrdinaryChinesepeoplewerereasonable.Theywantedtosaywhattheythought.Itwasnousestoppingthem.Theyallhadmouths.Thebloodyfactwasinfrontofus.Noonecouldhideit.―Mychildwasalsointhisschool.Hewaslucky.HehadPEclassatthattime,so45万方数据 hewassafe.SoIamwillingtotalkwithwritersandreporterswhocomehere.OrIwouldnothavestayedhere.‖Thefellow-citizenpointedtoMrs.Zhao,whohadshownmethephotoofthetwins,quietly.―Shehasbeenherewiththephotoofherdaughterssincethreedaysbeforetheearthquake.Sheissad.Suddenly,twobeautifuldaughtersweregone.Whatifithappenedtoyou?Youcannotbear.Shewantstoasktheofficialswhythehousesaroundtheschooldidnotfalldown.Buttheschoolwasdestroyedbytheearthquake.Hundredsofchildrendiedintheaccident.Ithinkitdoesnotmattertoraisethequestion.Thegovernmentowesherareply.‖Theoldvillagerwasangrywhenhetoldmethat.―Hey,man.Wedon‘tmakeajudgeonit.Ithinkthatthegovernmentwillgiveanexplanation.Pleasebelieveme.Shallwetalkaboutwhathappenedwhentheschoolfelldown?‖ItalkedwithhiminthiswaynotbecauseIwantedhimtotellmewhatIwantedtoknow.Infact,severaldayslater,theStateCouncilhadameetingandmadeaspecialdecision.Theyofferedfoursuggestionsofhowtodealwithstudentswhowereseriouslyinjuredwhentheschoolfelldown.Thiswaswhathappenednext.―Whatyousayispleasanttoear,soI‘lltalktoyouaboutwhathappenedintheearthquake…‖thevillagerpulledoutapackofcigarette,andgavemeone,―Haveone.‖IsaidIcouldnotsmokeimmediately.Infact,Idarednot.Icouldsmellthebadflavorofbodiesandbleach.WhenIsetofffromBeijing,somebodyremindedmethatIhadbetternottouchthestuffinthatarea,especiallywherethereweredeadbodies.―Then,I‘llbegin.ButIhavearequest.Pleasedon‘tmentionmynameinyourbook.‖Hestartedtotalkaftergettingmypromise.Thefollowingwaswhatthevillagersaid—hetoldmethathehadbeentherealmosteverydaysincehalfanhouraftertheearthquake.―MychildisinClass3,Grade9.HewasluckybecausehehadPEclassthatthafternoonon12.Thewholeclassofstudentswasalive.Ilivednearthetown,soIcamethereearly.Iwasshoppinginadepartmentstoreinthetownonthatday.Suddenly,thestuffintheshelffelldown.Allpeopleinthestreetshouted.Theearthquakestruck.Iranoutsideimmediately.Iranabouttensofmeters,andthen46万方数据 stoppedtotouchmyheadandmovemylegs.Iwasnotinjured.WhenIwascalmdown,Iranhomeimmediately.Onthewayhome,Isawseveralbuildingsfallingdown.Thereweremanypeopleshoutingandcrying.Iwasscared.WhenIarrivedhome,fortunately,nothinghappened.Mywifesaidtome,‗Gotoseeyourson.‘‗Onlyseveraltilesofourhousefelldown.Nothingwillhappenintheschool.‘Isaid.Anyway,Iwasworried,soIrantotheschoolimmediately.Ispentabouttenminutesonthewaytotheschool,whichusuallytookmefifteenminutes.WhenIcametothetown,Iwasfrightenedintocoldsweat:Isawmanypeoplerushedtotheschoolcryingandshouting.Iaskedwhathappened.Theytoldmethattheschoolbuildingfelldownandmanypeopledied.Onhearingthenews,Iwastooscaredtorun.Ialsosawseveralmothers,whowereinfrontofme,fallingdown.Atthattime,theambulancecame.Thevoicewasscaring.WhenIarrivedatQinxueRoad,Ifoundtheschoolwasinamess.Therewasfullofsmokeanddust.Theyallrantotheschool.Someofthemranoutside,bringingtheirchildrenhome.Ifoundsomechildrenweresafebutotherswereinjuredwithbloodontheirbodies.Icouldfigurethattheymusthavebeendugoutfromtherubbles.Aparenttookonhisbackhischild,whosefacewasfullofblood,andranasquicklyaspossible.Aman,whorodeatricycle,cametohelpthem.Theyseemedtoknoweachother.Themansaidhecouldridethechildtohospital.Seeingthis,Ithoughtitwasterrible.MychildwasinGradeNineonthethirdfloor.Hecouldnotrunout.Ibegantocry,calledmyson,andfollowedotherparentsrunningtotheschool.WhenIgottothegateoftheschool,Itrembled.Whydidtheteachingbuildingfalldowninthisway？Threefloorsweredestroyedintoonefloor.Thethirdfloor,wheremysonhadclasses,wasontheruinsofthefirstandsecondfloor.Icouldnotdistinguishtheclassroom.Thereweremorethanonehundredpeopleonthesite.Theyallcalledthenamesoftheirchildren.Wecouldhearthatthesechildren,whowereburiedintheruins,werecallingforhelp…itwasallinamess.Wewereworried.Wedugaimlessly.Parentswereworriedtodeath.Theycalledtheirchildrenandlookedforthemintheruins.Mostofthemjusttriedtosavetheirownchildren.Somechildrenwerepitiful.Theycalledtheunclesandauntiestosavethem.Butnoonecametosave47万方数据 thembecausetheywerenottheirchildren.Butsomekind-heartedpeopledraggedthemout,bloodily.Thereweremanyteachersonthesite.Theirfaceswerepale.Theytriedtheirbesttosavestudentsintheirclasses.Iwenttotheruinswhenmysonhadclassesandcalledhisname.Nooneresponded.Iwasworried.Amaleteacherliftedtheflooruptosavetwostudentsinitbesideme.Hecouldnotmoveit.Igavehimahand.Thetwostudentsweresaved.One‘slegswerebrokenandbloodflewthroughherbody.Sowetwohadtoliftherup.Atthattime,therewasnotenoughambulance.Wemovedhertotheplayground.Severalstudentslaythere,andovertenstudentsdied.Theywerenotcovered.Itwasmiserable.WhenIthoughtofmyson,Irushedtotheclassroom.Suddenly,someonedraggedmeback.―Dad,‖hecalledme.Ilookedathim.Itwasmyson.Icouldnothelpcrying.Later,onthewayhome,hetoldmethathewashavingPEclassontheplayground,sohewasnotburied.ThankstoGod.Whenhismothersawhimcominghomesafely,shecried.Shehuggedoursonandmurmured,‗Amitabha.‘Mysonwasscared.Hesatthere,feelinglost.Ithoughtthatmysonwassafe,butnototherstudentsintheschool.Isaidnothingandrushedtotheschool…thistime,morepeoplewerethere.Evenfirefighterscame.Theysavedthestudentsprofessionally.Butmostoftheparentsandtheteacherswerealsodigging.Ifollowedtosavepeople.Manycametherefromthetownandnearbylikeme.Wesavedanyonewesaw.Thebuildingfelldownstrangely.Thefloorswerepressedtightly.Itwashardtodigonechildout.Onechild‘sneckwasstuckinthesteelwire.Herbloodflewdownthroughhercloth.Butwecouldnotsaveher.Atthattime,shewasalive.Tearsfilledinhereyes.Wepaidgreateffortstodragherout,onlytofindherlegwasbroken…wordsfailedtoexpressmyfeeling.Whenwetookhertotheplayground,shedied.Herparentscame,andcriedtodeath.Thewomanmightbehermother.Shefellinafaintinstantly.Ilookedatwherethegirllay.Therewereovertwentystudentslyingaroundher.Theyalldied.Someweresuffocatedwithnowoundintheirbodies.Somestudents‘necksweretwistedtooneside.Itmighthavebeenpressedbythefloorslab.Andone‘sheadwascovered.Buttherewerebloodandbrainsbesideher…Iamnotafraidofyourlaugh.Fromthenon,Idarednotgototheruinstosavethestudents.Istoodatthegateoftheschoollikeafool.48万方数据 Seeingthosebusyinsavingthestudentsonthesiteononeside,andthedeadlyingontheotherside,Ididnotknowwhattodo.Manypeoplestoodthereandalsodidnotknowwhattodolikeme.Iwasfrightened.Maybetheywereinthesamecasewithme.Noonehadexperiencedsuchmiserablethings.Afterthat,Iblamedmyselfseveralthtimes.Whydidnotsavemorestudents.Iamacoward.On12,Iwenthomelate.Itwasnearlythemidnight.AfterpremierWencame,weallfeltthatthesestudentscouldhavebeensaved.Likemanypeopleonthespot,itwasthefirsttimeformetoseepremierWen.Hewenttothesite,thentookoutaloudspeakerandsaid,―WhenIgotthenews,Icamehereatthefirstminute.Thelifeandsafetyofourpeoplecomefirst.Iamassadasyou.We‘lltryourbesttosavemoreevenwithfewerhope.We‘llgotogreatlengthevenifthereisoneundertheruins.‖Irememberedclearlywhathesaid.Itwasheart-warming.WaitingforpremierWen,weseparatedseveralareas.Onewasforprofessionalteamswhocametosavethestudents;onewasfortheparents;andonewasforambulance.IwastherewithpeopleonQinxueroad.Theylookedpale,especiallytheparentswhosechildrenwereburiedundertheruins.Isawaparentkeelingdownonthegroundkowtowing.Ididnotknowwhethershewasbeggingtoblessherchildorotherstosaveherchild.Itwaspathetic.Whenonechildwasdugout,somebodyshouted,―We‘vefoundone.‖Andalltheparentswouldflockthere.Whentheyfounditwasnottheirownchild,theywouldreturnshoutinganddigging.Ifitweretheirchild,theywouldlaughandcry.Ifadeadchildwascarriedthere,theparentswouldburstoutacry,heartbroken.Amanwhosawhischilddeadclaspedhishandandhitthewallwithhishead.Hecriedandshouted,whichmadeeveryonetheresheddingtears…therewerefewerpeopleatnight.Mostofparentsstoodtherewatchingthefirefightersbecausetheycoulddigwithlight.ThedaybeforeIlefttheschool,thereweresomanybodiesontheplayground.Somebodysaiditwaseighty.Ididnotdaretocount.IdidnotknowhowIcamebackhome.Infact,Icouldnotfallasleepathome.Whathappenedintheschoolwasturningoverinmymind.SoIwenttotheschoolthesecondday.Myfamilymembersdidnotallowmetogo,butIdidnotlistentothem.Iwentthere.ItseemedthatIshouldshouldertheresponsibilityforthosewhowerenotsaved.OnceIarrived,I49万方数据 sawmanypeople.Thereweremorediggingmachines.Atthattime,someonefiredcrackersfromtimetotime.Wehadthecustomoffiringcrackersforthedeadtosendthemtoheaven.Sowhentheydugoutonewithoutbreath,theyfiredonecracker.Thenoisemademeupset…whathappenedwasreportedonTVandinnewspapers.ShallIcontinue?‖Thefellowaskedme.Isaid,―Yes!Thankyou!‖th―Itwastheseconddaythatwecarriedouttherescuejobon13.WhenIcametothesiteagain,Isawateaminorange.ItwasthenationalteamthatpremierWenthmentioned.TheycametoJunengMiddleSchoolattwoo‘clockon13.ThesurnameofthecolonelleadingtheteamwasWang.Theybroughtdogsandlifescienceinstrumentwiththem.Itwasuseful.Itwouldshowwhowasthereifhewasalive.Thedogalsogotthaverygoodsenseofsmell.WhenIreturnedtothesiteonthemorningof13,Isawthemsavingagirl.Itwastough.Thegirlwasburiedinthree-storeyfloor,whichwashalfinchthick.Shewasbetweenthethirdandtheforthfloors.Therewasonlytwenty-centimeterspaceleft.Thegirlcalledforhelpinthegap.Theteamcameupwithalotofideas,butitturnedoutthatnoneworked.Wethoughtthegirlwasabouttodiebecauseherlegswerestuckbythefloorslab.Itmustbeamputated.Wecoulddonothingaboutit.Mr.Zhang,thechiefofstaffofPLA,decidedtocutoffthefloorslabandthelegofdeskbysaber.Andheusedtheaircushiontosupportit.Theyspentsixhourssavingthemout.Theparentskneeleddownonthegroundtoexpressthankstotheliberationarmy.ThegirlwasnamedGaoYing.ShewasalsoinGradeNineasmyson.Shewaslucky.ThenationalteamwouldhavelefttheJuyuanMiddleSchoolonthethnightof13.Wewereworriedwhenweheardthat,especiallythoseparentswhosechildrenwerestillburiedundertheruins.Theyweresoworriedthattheydidnotallowthenationalteamtogo.Atthattime,althoughotherteamscouldsavethestudent,theyadoptedthesamemethodwithus.Sotheparentsatthesitewerenotwillingtoletthemgo.ButthenationalteamwasorderedtogotoHanwangtowninMianzhu,wheremanypeoplewereburied.Peopleweremoremiserablethere.Whatever,wewereclosetoChengdu.Thetransportationwasavailable,butotherplaceswerenot.Itwasmost50万方数据 urgenttosavethepeoplewithinthefirst72hours.PerhapsthesituationwastenseinHanwangtown.ItwassaidthatpremierWenorderedthenationalteamtogothere.Butthelocalpeopledidnottakeitintoconsideration.Theywerebothchildrenandlives.Sotheparentskneeleddownontheground.Ifollowedthem.Webegthemnottogo,eveniftheystayedseveralhours,itwouldhelpusalot.Thequalityofthenationalteam‘sthworkwasdifferent.Until13,wecouldnotbasicallysavethealive.Onlythenationalteamusedthedetectivedevicetosearch.Andtheywereprofessional.Iftheyfoundone,theywouldsavehim.TheysavedfiveinJuyuanMiddleSchool.Buthundredsofstudentswerewaitingundertheruins.Theirparentswereallworried.Evenwekneeleddownontheground,itdidnotwork.Ifoundthatthenationalteamwascaughtinadilemma.Theywerenotwillingtogo.Hundredsofpeoplekneeleddownonthegroundandpleadedthem.Ithoughtthatthenationalteamhadcomeacrossmiserablesituationsformanytimes,buttheyforthefirsttimetheyfacedthis.Finally,ColonelWangstoodontheruins,saidwithaloudspeaker,‗hey,man.Itotallyunderstandhowyoufeel.Butweonlyhaveonenationalteam.Wehavedetectedthereformanytime.Itisnearlyimpossiblethattherewerestillsomeonealive.Sowemustgowherewearemoreneededtosavemore.‘IfoundColonelWangsaidthatwithahoarsevoice.Lateron,alocalleadercameandsaid,‗theearthquakehavegreatimpactonmanyareas.Weshouldconsiderothersandletthenationalteamtogotosavemore.Weshouldnotwastetheirtime.‘Sowestoodupgradually.Buttheparentsdidnot.Finally,theystoodupandgaveawaytothenationalteam.IwasimpressedandupsetwhenIwasinsuchasituationbecausethosestudentsalivewhowerewaitingtobesavedcouldnotgetout.Howdoyouthinktheparentswouldfeel?‖Thefellowvillagerstopped,afterawhile,hecontinued,―Idon‘twanttotalkaboutit…‖Then,heturnedtoleave.Isawhimwipingoffhistears.Atthatmoment,Ishedtears.Icouldimaginehowthesituationwaswherehundredsofpeoplekneltdownontheground.Thevillagershadmixedfeelingswhentheysawoffthenationalteam.Itwasthebitternessoflife.Itwasmiseryoflife.Ibelievedtherewerethealiveintheruins.Asamatteroffact,thosewhowere51万方数据 buriedweresavedafterover70hours.ButIalsobelievedthatmanypeopledied–theylosttheirliveshelplessly--afterthenationalteamleftJuyanMiddleSchool.Theearthquakewassocruel.Theschoolbuildingfelldowninthesamecasewithoutexception.AndtheHanwangtownwherethenationalteamcametosavepeoplethenwasmuchmoremiserablethanJuyuanMiddleSchool.Theschoolsfallingdowninthemountainousareahadnoprofessionalteamstosavetheirpeopleinthefirsttime.Evenlarge-scalemechanicalequipmentwasnotavailableintheseareas.SothedeathtollwasmuchhigherthanitwasinDujiangyanarea.Dujiangyanwasunfortunate.Butitsavedmostlivesinthefirsttimeaftertheearthquakestruck.Soitwasfortunatefromthisperspective.ThedisasterreliefheadquarterwaschosentobeestablishedinDujiangyan.Dujiangyanshoulderedbothresponsibilityandmisery.WhenIwalkedonthewhitedustandcameclosetotheruinsofthetwoteachingbuildingsintheJuyuanMiddleSchool,Iwasamazed.Thereonlyonecrookedgallery,whichwasinthesamesizeasaclassroom,leftbetweenthesix-storeybuildings.Notallbuildingswerethere.Itwastheofficeroomforteacherstensofmetersaway.Itwaskeptwell.Butitwasbrokenalittlebytheearthquakebecausetherewerecracks.Itwassaidthatnoonediedinthebuilding.Butunfortunately,theteachingbuildingwherestudentshadclassesfelldown—thatwaswhathurttheparentsmost.ThelocalpeopletoldmethatJuyuanMiddleSchoolwasfamousforitsgoodteachers.IthastrainedmanyexcellentstudentsforhighschoolsinDujiangyancity.So,localpeopletookprideinthemiddleschool.TheQinxueRoadleadingtotheschoolhadwitnessedthehopeofseveralgenerations.TherewereGinkgotreesonthebothsidesoftheroad.Someofthemwerefortyyearsold.TheyhadwitnessedthehistoryinwhichpeopleinJuyuantownpaidgreatattentiontoeducation.Andtheten-year-oldsequoiaswereatthesameagewiththeteachingbuildingsinJuyuanMiddleSchool,whichrecordedtheexcellenteducationhistoryoftheschool.Anoldman,whosesurnamewasSun,toldmethattheteachingbuildingofJuyuanMiddleSchoolwasoffourfloors.Itwasthestyleofthattime.Parentswouldurgetheir52万方数据 childrentostudyhardagainandagainunderthesequoias.―Whenyougrowup,youshouldmakecontributiontoourcountryandsocietylikethesesequoias.‖TheexpectationoftheparentsfortheirchildrenlayonthesequoiasonthebothsidesofQinxueRoad.Itwastheirhopeandhonortogooutsidefromthere.Butatthtwenty-eightpasttwoo‘clockonMay12,2008,theearthquakestruck,whichbroketheirhomeandexpectation.TeachingbuildingsinJuyuanMiddleSchoolfelldownhorribly.Wecouldnotunderstandwhythebuildingsfelldownsohorribly.Beforetheearthquakestruck,itwasfullofhappinessandhope.Itwasallofasudden.Itwasunimaginable.Thedeadcouldnottellmetheirfeelings.Theywereinheaven.Thesurvivingkidstolduswhathappened.Thisiswhatweknowabouttheearthquake.AsastudentinClass8,Grade8recalled,―ourclassroomwasinthethirdfloor.Itwasclosetothestairway.Twentyminutesaftertheclassstarted,theclassroomwasshaken.Someonesaiditwasearthquake!Webegantorun.Iranfast.Iranoutalongthestairwaywithonebreath.WhenIcameout,Isawsomestudentsjumpingdownfromthewindow.Sometrembledbutstoodupquickly.However,fewofthosewhojumpeddownfromthebuildingcouldstandup.Later,almostallofthemwerepressedinthefloorslab.Iranfastandonlyspentseveralsecondsrushingoutside.Iamaboy.Ioftengotwildwithmyclassmatesandranonthestairway.Iranfastthatday,soIrushedoutside.Ihadnoideasaboutwhathappenedlateron…Iwasstunned!Iheardaloudnoise.Then,therecameacloudofdust.WhenIcouldseeitclearly,Iwasscared:alltheteachingbuildingsfelldown.Ididnotknowwhenoneofmyclassmatesfellandinjure.Therewasblood…Ikneeleddown,andthenIknewnothing.WhenIwokeup,Ifoundmyfatherbringingmehomeonhisback.AstudentinClass4,Grade9said,―Somestudentsinourclassranoutofthebuilding.Butmanystudentswereburiedinside.Then,someofthemweresavedout,butstillmanydied.Iwasaboyjumpingdown,andIfollowedhim.WhenIlandedontheground,Iknewperhapsmylegswereinjured.ButIstillstoodup,walkedseveral53万方数据 steps.Atthattime,thebuildingfelldown…Iturnedaround,seeingsomeclassmatesjumpingdown,includingagirl.Shewasinawrongposture,andfelldowntotheground,then,shedidnotstandup.Maybe,herbreastwasinjured.Iintendedtogobacktohelpher.Butitwastoolate.Thefloorswerefallinguponus.Isteppedforwardimmediately.Howdangerous.Aconcreteslabfelldownwithinonemeterbehindme.WhenIcouldseethefallingbuildingsclearly,Icouldnotfindthegirlanymore.Shewasburied.Shemusthavedied.Isawastudentthrustbythesteel.Shedidnotdie.Shetrembled.Then,shestopped…Ididnotknowwhattodoatall.Then,myteacherchasedmetotheplayground.Isatdowntotheground,intendingtostandup,butmylegswerebeyondmycontrol.Iwasnotinjuredseriously,butIcouldnotstandup.Thegirlwhotrembledbitterlywasturningoverinmymind…TherewerenineclassesofGrade8and9inthesetwoteachingbuildingsthatfellthdown.Therewereaboutsixtystudentsineachclass.InthefirstclassonMay12,twoclasseswerehavingPEclassesontheplayground.Anotherclasswashavingcomputerclassintheotherbuilding.Thesethreeclassessurvived.Fromthedescriptionofthoseteacherswhofledoutoftheteachers‘officeandwhowerehavingPEclasses,thebuildingsfelldownquickly,raisingacloudofdust.Thewholeprocesswaswithinoneortwominutes,sotherewerenearly1,000studentsandteachersburiedinthebuilding.Inthesavingstage,theysawadozenofstudentsburiedintheconcreteslabs,whichtheycouldhardlybearthesightof!HeSanwei,areporterofanewspaperofficeofChengdu,wenttoJuyuanMiddleSchoolearly.HewrotedownhowastudentinGrade8feltinapoetictone.Itwasquitesad—thOnMonday,May12,summerjustbegan.ComparedwiththeweatherinwesternSichuanplainasusual,itwasmuggy.StudentsinJuyuanMiddleSchoolhadarestat1:40until2:00.Then,theydidsomeexercises.At2:10,theclassbegan.Thatistosay,theyhadbeenhavingclassesfor18minutesbeforetheearthquakestruck.ThefirstclassforClass8,Grade8wasChinese.YanLinwassatisfiedtodaybecausetheteacheraskedhertoanswerthequestionatthebeginningoftheclass.54万方数据 ―Reciteapassagethatyouthinkismostbeautiful.‖Shepreparedforalongtime,buttheteacherdidnotaskhertoanswerthequestion.―Lotusisakindofintellectualplant.Liketheswaninthesky,fishintheriver,camelinthedesert,lotusisconnectedtothewater…Todayunderthemoonlight,Ipastedagreenpaperinmydesk,whichwaslikethelakewater.Thelotuswasonthepaperintheformofpoem.Thepistilwastherhymeofthepoem…‖YanLinlovedthesesentences.But,shethoughtthepartsherecitedwastooshort.Shetreasuredthechance.Sheaddedsomesentencesafterthe―Rhyme‖.Thenameofthispassagewas―Lotus‖.Shelikedit.Theteacherstartedaskingotherstudentstorecitethepassages.Shereviewedwhatshelearnedinthisclass.RememberingthatthenextclasswasEnglishclass,shestartedtomemorizeEnglishvocabularies.―Alltheteacherscareforme.Ihavegreatpressure.Once,theteachertoldmethatsomeonewoulddonateclothestomebecausemyfamilyispoor.‖YanLinwas14yearsold.ShehadabrotherwhowasinGrade7inthesameschool.StudentsinGrade7hadclassesinanotherbuilding,whichdidnotfalldown.WhenYangLinwasfiveyearsold,herfatherdiedsuddenly.Hermotherwassoexhaustedthatshesufferedfromhyperostosis.ShehadworkedinChengdu,andthenwenttoQingdaotoraisehertwochildren.Yan‘sgrandfatherwassixty-sixyearsold,andhergrandmotherwassixty-three.Thetwochildrendependedontheirgrandparentsathome.YanLinbegantounderstandthatlifeistough.Shewasindependentandperseverant.Herstudywasaboveaverageinherclass,butshewaswillingtospendmoretimethanothers.Whentheteachingbuildingwasshaking,shewasabsent.Shecouldrecallthescaringscreaminherclass,butshesaidshewasnotscaredatall.Whentheclassroomshookmoreandmorefiercely,shelostcontrol.Whenthebuildingfelldown,shewasthrowntothelastrowfromthefirstrow.Shefelldowntotheruinsfromthelastrow.Theywereonthethirdfloor,thehighestfloor.Whenallofthesehappened,she55万方数据 wasburiedintheruinsandgotseriouslyinjured.Thebuildingcomponentswereindisorder,butitwasstabilizedtemporarily.Thereweretwoboyswithher,oneresteduponher.Inhernarration,theearthquakestrucktwotimes.Whentheclassroomfelldownforthesecondtime,herhipwaspressedheavily.Butthereappearedalight.Butthesecondearthquakeshouldbecausedbythegravitationintheruins.Shecouldnotcountthetimeshewasintheruins.Shetalkedtwicewiththeparentswhowerelookingfortheirchildren.Theyasked,―Areyou(aname)?‖Sheanswered,―No.‖then,theparentswentaway.Twotimeslater,shesaidshedidnotaskforhelpanymore.Onlyoneofherhandscouldbemoved.Shetookthebricktohitherheadbecauseshewouldnotfeelpainfulifshewashittobeunconscious.Theboynearheraskedhernottodosuchsillythings.However,itwasabricklikeconcrete.Shedidnotloseherconsciousness,butshefeltmorepainful.Thestudentinfrontofherwassavedoutbytheirparents.Shehopedthattheywouldaskotherstosaveher.Butnoonecame.Theboyrestingonherwasinacoma,andthenwokeup.Hewasalsosavedoutlaterbyhisparents.Yanwaswaitingforsomebodytosaveheragain.But,theyforgotheragain.Whenshewaswaiting,shetouchedtheshoesofastudent.Shetouchedherfoot.Itwascold.Shecouldfigureoutthatitwasafatgirlinherclass.Shedidnotaskforhelpanymore,andshestartedtosaveherself.Shecrawledonthebrokenglass.Shetookbooksunderherbodytoprotectherselffromtheglass.Shedidnotfeelpainful,butwhenshecameout,herwholebodywasinjured.Shedidnotknowwhenitwas.Butwhenshecameout,itwasnotdark.Shesawtheflowerbeds.Itwasweirdbecauseshedidnotwalkbutshewasdownstairs.AwomaninredtookYanonherback.Theteacher,whoheardthatYanrecited―Lotus‖,rantoherandembracedher,said,―Iaskedyoutorun.‖―IwasmemorizingtheEnglishvocabularies.Ididnothear.‖Shethought.Shewaslifteduptooneside,waitingforbeingsenttothehospital.Herclassmatesandteacherspersuadedhernottocry.Shesaidshewaslaughing.But,whenherclassmatestoldherthathergrandparentswereworriedabouther,shecried.56万方数据 Dujiangyan‘shospitalcouldnotsaveher,soshewassenttoChengdu.Therewerethesufferersinthestreets.Astudent,whowasinGrade7,couldnotgetintouchwithhisparents.However,oneofhislegswascut.WhenIwasinChengdu,IwantedtogetintouchwithYanLin‘sclassmatesinJuyuanMiddleSchool,buttheinjuredweredisperseinthedisastrousarea.Later,IknowhowYanwasfromafriend.Theytoldmethatthegirlwasperseverantandstronginwardly.Shehopedshecouldbeadmittedbyatophighschool.Then,shewouldgotoherstrengthtoentertheuniversity.Butshewasworriedthatherfamilywastoopoortosupporther,andshecouldonlyworkwithhermothertoearnmoneyandlookafterhergrandparents.IaskedmyfriendtotellYanthatIhopedhertobeconfident;aslongasshewasadmittedbytheuniversity,therewaspolicysupportingherfinancially.Thatis,thestudentsfrompoorfamilycouldaffordthefeesthroughstudy-workprogramandstudentloan.Afterall,YanLinwaslucky.Aslongasonewasalive,therewashope.However,inJuyuanMiddleSchool,aboutthreehundredchildrenlefttheirclassmatesandfamiliesforever.Onlytheirsoulswerelonelyintheheaven.Aftertheearthquake,Dujiangyanwasinanairoffearandmess,filledwithbitternessandsorrow.Evenoneweeklater,Dujiangyanwasstillinamessinmyeyes…Helicoptersflewintheskycontinuously.ItwassaidthattheyweresendingtheinjuredandstafftoYingxiuandotherplaces.Thereweresoldiers,bulldozersorvarioustentsinthecitiesontheground.―Itismuchbetter!‖alocalresidenttoldme.―Now,atleast,wehavelightatnight,ththandwecandrinkwaterandcookmealsduringtheday.Ifyoucameon12or13,youwouldseewhatwasreallytragic.Wecanbearwithoutfoodandwater.Whatmakesussadarethedead,especiallyintheXinjianPrimarySchool.Somanychildrendied.Andtheschoolwasinthecenter.Manypeoplewenttheretohavealook.Atthebeginning,theycouldgiveahand.Then,wecouldonlydependonmechanicalequipmenttosavethechildren.Thechildrenscreamedintheruins,andtheirparentscriedoutsidebecause57万方数据 theywerenotabletosavethem.Thebuildingfelldowninanincredibleway.Severalfloorswerepressedintoamess.Wecouldnotdigitup.Somechildrenwerecrushedintoapie.Howgrievousitwas…MostpeopleinDujiangyanwerenotwillingtomentionthat.Ithurtthemdeeply.AmaninChengdutoldmethattheycouldonlyhearonevoiceonbroadcastthatnight;awomanbroadcasterandherfivecolleaguesinCommunicationRadiostucktotheirjob.ShewasthefirstonewhomadepeopleinChengdufeelhopeful,soshewascalled―nightingaleofthecity‖.Butwhenwegotintouchwithhercompanytointerviewher,someonetoldusthatsheperformedpoorlyandwasnotwelcomedbyothers.Inhiswords,hewishedusnottopromoteher.Itwasridiculous.One,whobroughthopeandcondolencetothepeoplewhosufferedfromthedisasterinthecity,andusedhervoicetosavemanypeople,wasbiasedinsomepeople‘seyes.ThewomanbroadcasterwasaheroineinChengdupeople‘smind.Atleast,shewasbraverthananyonethatnight.―Dujiangyanisinacriticalmoment.Itneedsambulancetosendtheinjured.Taxidrives,please,takeaction.Saveourchildrenandcompatriots.‖Thiswashervoice.Sheaskedforhelp.So,therewasalonglineoftaxiswithemergencylightondrivingtoDujiangyanontheroadconnectingChengduandDujiangyan.Finally,over1,000taxiswereintheline.Theywerevoluntary.Itwasthefirstgroupofvolunteersaftertheearthquake.WhenpeopleinDujiangyanwhosufferedfromthedisastersawthis,theyweremovedtotears.XinjianPrimarySchool,asthenameinChineseindicated,wasanewlyestablishedschool.ItwasontheConstructionRoadinDujiangyan.Itwasoriginallymadeupoftwobungalowsandafour-storeyteachingbuilding.Whenwegotthere,thetwobungalowswerekeptwell.Butonlyoneforthoftheteachingbuildingwasleft.Itallbecameruins.―Whentheearthquakestruck,thefour-storeyteachingbuildingfelldown.Students58万方数据 wereburiedintheruins.Itwassad!‖aresidentwholivedneartheschoolpointedtotheruins,whichweredugupbybulldozersandrooters.thTherewere687studentsinXinjianPrimarySchool.On12,sixhundredandeightystudentswereatschool.Afterthefirstcountatsite,threehundredandfiftystudentsfledtotheplaygroundsafely.HeadmasterYangYongsaidwhentheearthquakestruck,herushedtothethirdfloorimmediately,askedstudentstokeepcalm,godownstairsandgathertogetherontheplayground.―Iamthelasttoleave.‖HeadmasterYangYonghadperformedmeritoriousserviceintheearthquake.Ormorestudentswouldhavedied.ButwhattheearthquakecostXinjianPrimarySchoolmadetheparentsofthevictimsangry.Whytheteachingbuildingcouldnotresisttheearthquakeatall?Thosewhodiedwereseventotenyearsold.WhentheearthquakestruckDujiangyan,manyhousesfelldown.Manycitizensalsogotinjuredordied.Amiddle-agedcoupledrovetheirownbulldozertohelpinsavingpeople.WhentheypassedbyXinjianPrimarySchool,theyfoundtheirchildwasburiedintheruins.―Ibegyoutosavemychild!‖Seeingthemiserablescene,themiddle-agedcouplekneeleddowntotheground,beggingXiaoHe,theforthlevelsergeanttosavetheirchild.XiaoHenodded,andturnedtotheruins.Thesoldierhadsaveddozensofstudentsout.Hewaslookingforthechildwithouthesitation.Afterseveralhours‘digging,anincompletebodywasliftedupcarefully.Themiddle-agedwomanwentfaintwithoutsayinganythingatthesightofthebody.Themiddle-agedmantookoverthebodyfromthefirefighterandkneltdowntoXiaoHeagain.Hecriedandsaid,―Mychilddied.Pleasewraphimwithanewquilt.Yesterday,wereachedanagreementthathewouldnotsleepwithmetonight.Heisbrave.Hedidnotcryorargue,butaskedforanewquilt.HismotherandIdidnotbuythequiltyet…‖Hechokedwithsobs.XiaoHe‘sfacewascoveredwithtears.Hegavethetoolstohiscompanion,rantothemobilelightingcaranddrovetotakeanewquilt,whichwasdistributedtohim59万方数据 whentheforcerallied.XiaoHewrappedthechildwiththequilt…Atthattime,manystudentswerethere.Whentheysawthescene,theycried.Later,theyknewthatXiaoHewasabouttoretirefromthearmy.Hewastheoldestintheforce.TheoldsoldiermadegreatcontributioninXinjianPrimarySchool.Hehimselfsaved45people.―Thenationalteamiscoming!Ourchildrencanbesaved.Giveaway!Giveaway!‖Suddenly,alocalleader,whowasdirectingatthesite,shoutedloudlytotheparentsgatheringaroundthegate.Alloftheparentscouldnothelplookingatonedirection.TheysawthenationalteaminorangerantoXinjianPrimarySchool.Immediatelytheygavethenationalteamawayinfrontofthegate.Thenationalteamrushedintothesitequickly.TheleaderLiuXiangyangwipedoffhissweat,wavedhishandandsaid,―Let‘sstartrightnow.‖Atthattime,thesoldiersrushedtotheruins,usingdetectinginstrument,infrareddetectorand―snifferdogs‖—thiswaswhatlocalpeoplecalledthespecialdogs.Thecrowdandtheparentswerenervousandexcited.―We‘vefoundthetarget!‖Withinthreeminutes,asoldierreported.Sofacilitiesatthesitelikebulldozerswereused,includingfirefighter‘shands.Theycenteredonthetarget…thefirstsurvivorwassaved.Aftertheinjuredchildopeneduphiseyesfearfully,hisparentslaughedandcried.Theydidnotknowwhattodo.Threehourspassed.Eightchildrenweresavedout.Itwasquiteinspiring.―Woof,woof…‖thesnifferdogsfoundatargetagain.ThesoldierDuGuopingledZhangWentorushtothesite.Theylitthesiteupbytheflashlight.Theyheardavoiceunderthefloor.Therewasagirl.Andaboynexttoherwasalsoalive.Theymustsavethechildrenout.LeaderLiuXiangyangcameupwithasavingplanwithothersafterobservation:hungupthefloorfirstly,thensavedthemdependingonthecircumstance…Lookinginside,LiuXiangyangwasbothhappyandsad.Theywerehappybecausethebodyofthegirlwasexposedandtheboyopeneduphiseyeslookingatthem.Besidesthetwochildren,sevenoreightmorechildrendied.Theirbodiestwitched60万方数据 together…Itwasshocking.―Premieriscoming!‖Suddenly,someonesaid.LiuXiangyangliftedhisheadup.Itwastrue.PremierWencametothesiteintherain.HewasneartheruinswhereLiustood.―PremierWen,I‘mLiuXiangYang,vicecaptainofthenationalteam.Wehavesavedeightsurvivorsout.‖―Okay.Thankyou.Youaregreat.Ihopeyoucansavemoresurvivorsout.‖WhilePremierWenwassayingthat,hekneltdown,lookingattheruins…PeopleatthesitecouldseetearsinPremierWen‘seyesclearly.―Kid,holdon.Youwillbesavedout.‖―Premier…‖thegirllyingamongthevictims‘bodiessaid.―Hi,premier,I‘mstrong.‖Theboyburiedinthebodiesofvictimssaid.WenJiabaochuckled.Twolinesoftearswererunningdownonhisface.Allpeopletherecried.―Findsomethingtohidethechild.‖WenJiaBaosaidtoLiuXiangYang.Hesawrainonthefaceofthegirl.Hewassad.Immediately,somebodysentaquilttoLiu.Liuuseittowrapthegirl‘sbody.WenJiabao,withtearsinhiseyes,stoodupslowly.HesaidtoLiuXiangyang,―Youmustsavethetwochildrenout.‖―Premier,don‘tworry.Wewillfinishthetask.‖LiuXiangyangensured.ThestaffurgedWenJiabaotogo.Apparently,theywouldreportsomethingimportanttohim.ButPremierwasworriedaboutthekids.Sohedirectedthesoldiersatthesitefortwentyminutes.Theycouldnotsavethechildrenimmediatelybecausetheywerestuckinruins.Finally,PremierWenhadtoleavethesite.PremierWenorderedLiuXiangyang,―Youmustsavethemout.Getthechildren‘snames.I‘llvisittheminthefuture.‖thOntheafternoonofMay24,whenpremierWenwenttotheareainDujiangyan,heaskedthecityleaders,―WerethetwochildreninXinjianPrimarySchoolsavedout?‖Thecityleaderanswered,―Theyweresavedout.TheyareinPeople‘sHospitalofthiscity.‖PremierWensaidimmediately,―Iwanttovisitthetwochildren.‖Later,Premier61万方数据 Wengotdressed.HewasreadytogotoPeople‘sHospitalofthecity.ButlaterheheardtheywereinthePeople‘sHospitalofSichuanProvince,sohedirectedtothePeople‘sHospitalofSichuanProvince.WhenWenJiabaocameintothesickroom,ZhaoQisong,whowasnineyearsold,waslyinginthebedhavinginfusion.ZhaoQisongfeltfamiliarwiththeoldman.Sohetookanappleandsaid,―Grandpa,hereyouare.‖PremierWenlaughed.Hebentdownandsaid,―Thankyou.Idon‘twanttoeat.Youhaveit.Doyoustillremembertheday?Isawyouthatday.Didyouhearmecallingyou?Iaskedyoutostickon.Ihaveaphoto,inwhichtheunclesweresavingyou.Imissyou.‖LittleQisongwinked.Herecalleditfinally.Heanswered,―Yes,Irememberit.‖AftervisitingLittleQisong,thepremierwenttovisitWangJiaqi,whowassevenyearsold.Hebentdowntotakeherhandandsaid,―Comeon,andtouchmyface.‖LittleQiqiwasverysmart.Sherecognizedwhohewasimmediately.Shesaidexcitedly,―Iamstrong.IdidnotcrywhenIwassavedout.IdidnotcrywhenIhadnosesurgery.‖WenJiabao‘eyesturnedred,hesaidtoLittleQiqiwithgreatemotion,―Yes.Youarestrong.Irememberyou.Whatdidyouwanttosaytome?‖LittleQiqirolledhereyesandsaid,―IsendmythankstoyouonbehalfofthestudentsinXianjianPrimarySchool.‖WenJiabaonodded,andheldherhandstight,saying,―Whenyourecover,givemyregardstothestudentsinXianjianPrimarySchool.‖―Okay!‖LittleQiqipromisedhappily.LittleQisongandlittleQiqiwerelucky.TheyweretheluckiestchildrenamonghundredsofsurvivorsinXianjianPrimarySchoolbecausePremierWencaredforthem.However,overonehundredkidsweregoneforever…thAttwoo‘clockPMon14aftertheearthquake,anotherrescueteamfoundaboy‘sbodyintheruinsofXianjianPrimarySchool.Whentheboy‘smotherfoundthatherchilddied,shecried.Then,shefainted,andtheleanedontherescuertoleavethesite.62万方数据 Thechild‘sfatherlookedcalm.Hehadsearchedforhischildintheruinsfortwodaysbeforethat.Whentherescuerliftedthechild‘sbodyinfrontofthecar,ZhaoJianzhongbentdown.Hedustedhischild‘sfacewithnapkin,andtookouthismobilephonetotakethelastphotoforhischild.Then,ZhaoJianzhongandthepeoplearoundhimwrappedthechildintoablanketcalmly.Suddenly,ZhaoJianzhongputforthhisstrengthtopicktheblanketup.Hewalkedtothecar.Allpeopletherelookedathimsilently.Suddenly,thefather,wholookedcalmbefore,burstoutacry.HiscrybrokethetemporarypeaceinDujiangyan.Manypassers-bygatheredatthegateofXinjianPrimarySchoolagain.TheyborethesadnesswithZhaoJianZhongtogether.thFromtheafternoonof12,cryinDujiangyandidnotstop.thOnMay12,itwasnothingspecialforcommonpeople.Butinthehospital,thedaywouldarouseenthusiasmofwomennursebecauseitwastheNursesDay.TheNightingalespiritshadinspiredtheanglesinwhitetomakecontributionintheirjobs.Everyhospitalwouldholdspecialactivities,whichwouldmakeyoungnursesfeelexitedandproud.NursesintheHospitaloftheTraditionalChineseMedicineofDuJiangyanalsoobservedthisday.Nothingspecialhappenedbeforethenoon.ForthenursesdaywasonMonday,thereweremorepatientsthanusualincounty-levelhospital,whoseoutpatientamountreachedeightorninehundred.Manydoctorsandnurseonthefrontlinecouldhavearestuntilthenoon.ThehospitalwasclosetoXinjianPrimarySchool.TheywerebothontheJiansheRoadintheoldtown.Thereweretwobuildingsinthehospital.Ontherightwasthebuildingforoutpatients.Asix-storeybuildingforinpatientswasoppositethat.Outpatientandinpatientbuildingencircledasquare.Fortheoutpatientdepartmentwasbusybeforethenoon,mostofstaffwentbackhometohavemealsandrestatnoon.Generally,staffinoutpatientdepartmentwouldgraduallyappearattwoo‘clockintheafternoon.Butitwasnormalintheinpatientbuilding.Therewereonehundredpatientswiththeirrelatives.Besidesthedoctorsonduty,nurseswerethebusiest.Onthatday,somenursesintheinpatientdepartmentwere63万方数据 senttoparticipateincompetitionofnursingskillsinthecity.Noonecouldhavepredictedthatthesenursesweresolucky.Theyallsurvived.However,nearlyallthenursesleftbecamevictimsintheearthquake…Thefifthfloorofinpatientdepartmentwasobstetrics.At2:20,asurgerywasdone.Severalnursesweregoingtohavehotpotbehindtheinpatientbuilding.DoctorWu,whoheldthesurgery,saidshewastired.Soshelefttodealwiththestuffrelatedtothesurgeryroom.Itwasnearhalfpasttwo.HuXiaodiinthemedicalservicedepartmentcametotheofficeseveralminutesearlier.Hefoundthathisotherthreecolleaguesallarrived.Theirofficewasinthemakeshiftsector,whichwasonthehighestfloorintheinpatientbuilding.Atthattime,whenHuXiaodistartedtowork,hefeltthebuildingwasshakingfiercely.―Earthquakestruck.Run,run.‖SectionchefZhanginthesamedepartmentshouted.HuXiaodifollowedhiscolleaguestorushoutofthegatequickly.Hewasthethird.Itwastheroofoftheinpatientbuildingoutofthegate.WhenHuXiaodireachedthemiddleofthebuilding,sectionchiefZhangwasbehindhimandurgedhimtorun.HuXiaoditurnedaroundsubconsciouslybecausetherewerehiscolleaguesbehind.Hesawthecrackinfrontofthegatebecominglargerandincliningtoonesidewhenoneofhiscolleagues,whowassixmetersawayfromhim,steppedoutofthegate.Hedidnothavethetimetoreactbeforehefelldownintothecrack.Hewastoofrightenedtotakeanyaction.Whenheturnedaround,hesawsectionchiefZhangenteringintothestairwayononesideofthebuilding.Atthattime,thebuildingwasfallingdown.Thespeedwasbeyondimagination.TheviewofhisbackdisappearedinacloudofdustinHu‘seyes.HuXiaodifelthisfootfallingdownwiththedust.Itwaslikethathewasfallingintothechasm…Abouttwominuteslater,HuXiaodifoundhimstillalive.Buthewasinanotherposition.Therewasfulloftilesunderhisfeet.Hestooduponthefloor.Heclappedhislegsandwaist.Itwasallright.Hewasnotinjuredatall.ButsectionchiefZhangand64万方数据 othercolleaguesdied.However,thecolleague,whofellintothecrack,wasalive,buthesufferedfromspinalfracture.HuXiaodifoundthatthesix-storeybuildingunderhisfeethadfelldownintotwo-storeyruins.Heknewthattheinpatientbuildingwasdestroyed.Thepatients,theirrelatives,anddozensofhiscolleagues,theyalldied…Isittheearthquake?TheTangshanearthquakestruckfiercely,butwedidnothearthatsuchhighabuildingfelldown.Hesawmanypeopleshoutinginthesquare.Somebodybegantocry.Heheardsomebodycallinghisname.Heunderstood:hewasalive.HuXiaodiknewLuoChangweiinthedrugstoreofinpatientbuilding.Hewasthefirstone,whoshouted,―Gotosaveothers‖andrushedintotheruins.Thefirstone,LuoChangweiliftedoutoftheruins,wasstillalive.Butthesecondonedied.Moreandmorepeopleintheoutpatientbuildingrushedtotheinpatientbuilding,whichhadbecomeruinsalready.Strangely,onesideoftheinpatientbuildingdidnotfalldown.Itwastilted.Itwaslikethefaceofonewhohadstroke.Itwasscaring.Therewerestillaboutfiftypeopleinthebuilding.Theygatheredatthewindowcallingforhelp.Oneofthemwasanxious.Hefelldownfromthewindow,anddiedimmediately.LuoChangweisawthescene.Heaskedsomeoneforafirecontrolbelt,andtriedtosavethosewhowereonthestairs.Butitwasnothighenough,sotheycouldnotslidedown.Thefiftypeopleweremoreanxious.Theycriedandshouted.Itwasamess.Atthattime,PresidentLiQilin,VicePresidentYuFude,HuYun,ZhouYongetc,rushedtothesiteaftertherest.Rescuewasgraduallyinorder.Immediately,firebrigadeofChengduandsoldiersinChengduCommandSchoolalsocame.Finally,forty-ninepeopleinthebuildingweresaved.But,intheruins,therewerestillmanypatients,theirrelativesanddozensofstaffinthehospitalburied.Atthetime,theruinswerefullofblood.Theyshouldmakefulluseofevery65万方数据 minutetosavethepeople.―Wesawtheinpatientbuilding,whichwasfallingdown,likeahugetomb.Youevendarednottouchit.Thefloorswereindisorder.Ifyoumovedone,theotherwouldfalldownimmediately,whichwouldmakemorepeopledead.SoIsawseveralstaffofthehospitalorfirebrigadeintheruins.Theycouldonlydigupwithhandorliftwithashovel.Those,whocametogiveahand,movedthebricksandconcretewhentheyheardsomebodycallingforhelp.Someofthemplannedtostuffbottlesofwaterintothecrack,butitcouldnotsolvetheproblem.So,savingoneoutwasverydifficult.Theysawmanypeoplesmothered…‖sevenoreightdayspassedby,infrontoftheruinsbehindtheHospitalofTraditionalChineseMedicine,someneighborsandon-lookerstoldwhathappenedtothereportercomingfromalloverChina.Amiddle-agedmantoldmethefollowing.Atfiveo‘clock,itwasraining.Peoplesavedthosewhowereintheupperpartoftheruinsout.Therewerenousefultoolsforsaving.Sothosewhowereburieddeeplycouldonlywait.Peopletherecameupwithideastostuffbottledwaterintothecrack.Theyhopedthatthepeopleintheruinscouldholdon.ForIwasaccompaniedbythestaffofSichuanprovincialpartycommittee,IinterviewedpeopleintheHospitaloftheTraditionalChineseMedicine.Thehospitalhadbeenstillworkingsincetheearthquakebecausetheoutpatientbuildingwaskeptwell.Underguidanceofleadersofthehospital,theyheldfasttotheirpositionbothbydayandbynight.Theyturnedgriefintostrength,andmadetheircontributiontoearthquakereliefwork.Thegroupwasworthyofrespect.thAstaffmemberinthehospitalofficeintroducedtousformally:on12,aftertheearthquake,thehospitalorganizedrescueworkquickly.Theysaveddozensofsurvivors,whoweremainlypatients,theirrelatives,andstaffinthehospitalinthedangerousbuildingneartheinpatientbuilding.Afterfiveo‘clock,itstartedraining,whichmadetherescueworkmoredifficult.Theincompactruinswerefallingdown.OveronehundredsoldiersinChengduCommandSchoolcametoreinforcetherescuework.Theyhadbeenthereforeightdays.Theydidn‘tleaveuntiltheysearchedalltheruins.66万方数据 thPremierWencametotherescuesiteonthenightof12.Hesaid,―Nevergiveup,tryourbesttosavethem.‖intheruinsofthehospital.WhatpremierWensaidbecamethebattlecryforthefirststageofrescueworkinthearea.Thestaffmembersaidtome,―TherescueworkintheHospitaloftheTraditionalChineseMedicinefocusedonthethreedaysaftertheearthquake.Besidesthelocalarmedpoliceandfirebrigade,thenationalrescueteamalsocametothesite.‖―Butthebuildingsfelldownbadly,itwouldcostseveralhoursorevendozensofhourstosaveone.Itwasunfavorabletosavethoseburiedinruins.‖Hesaidhesawanarmedforcespentnearlytwentyhourssavingonesurvivor.―Findingalivingmanisdifficult,whilesavinghimismoredifficult.Weestimatedthattherewouldbeburiedmanypeopleinthehollowplace.Thearmedforcespentovertenhourswithgreateffortsmovingconcreteandbricksonthehollowplaceaway.Later,theyfoundamanfallingunconscious.Theygavehimasafetyhamletimmediately.Thesurvivorsatbehindawall.Hisleftarmwasrestedonavictim‘sbodyandhecouldnotdrawitback.Alargeconcretefloorwasonthevictim.Abuildinghangingintheair,whichmightfalldownatanytime,wasoverthesurvivor.Itwasriskytosavethesurvivor.Onlythewallsupportedthesurvivor.Thefirefighterscouldonlygointothehollowinturn,usingwaistaxtocuttheconcretefloor,whichrestedonthevictim,intosmallpieces.Then,theydrewitoutslowly.Itwasfairlyslow,butitwastheonlywaytosavehim.Atthattime,aftershocksoccurredcontinuously.Atthattime,threerescueexpertsarrived.Theytookalookatthesite,andofferedsuggestionsfortherescuework.Thefirefightersandthearmedforcespentanotherthreehourssavingthevictimoutsuccessfully.Wefoundtheteacher‘squalificationinhispantpocket.Soweknewwhohewas.HewasWangDexiang,sixty-sevenyearsold.Hewasamathteacherintheprimaryschool.Mr.WangDexiangwaslucky.Buthewassad.Itwashisbirthdaythatday.Inordertocelebratehisbirthdayasusual,hiswife,son,daughter-in-law,grandson,twonephewsandtheirwives,altogethereightpeople,cametothehospitalwithabirthdaycakeandgiftstocelebratehisbirthday.Whoknewtheearthquakehappened!Excepthis67万方数据 son,wholeftfirstforwork,alltheothersevenfamilymemberswereburiedintheruins.TheyleftWangDexiangforever.thMay12wasWangDexiang‘sbirthday.Hedidnottakeitseriously.Fromthenon,WangDexiangmustbeunwillingtorecallthatday.Howdidhefeelwhenherememberedthatday?thMay12,howmanyfamiliesdidyoudestroy?HowmuchsorrowandhurtdidyoubringtothepeopleinDujiangyan.TheHospitaloftheTraditionalChineseMedicinewassurethatoveronehundredpeopledied,includingoverthirtyhealthworkers.Thedeathtollintheworkunitwasthehighest,besidestheschool.DujiangyanwasbeautifulinmymemorywhetherIsawitatthefirsttimeorwentthereoneyearbeforetheearthquake.Itwasbothinagriculturalstyleandmodernromanticstyle.ButinthelasttendaysofMay,Dujiangyanwasheavilystricken.Itwasfulloftearsandsorrow.Ifeltdepressedandstifled.ththDuring12and13,inDujiangyan,afarmoresoul-stirringstoryhappenedinanotherplace.Itwasnotexposedinmedia.Thedetailsofthestorywereveryspecial,butIthoughtthatitsspecialtyprovedthedifficultyoflife.InDujiangyan,therewerecablecars,inwhichtwelveTaiwanesetouristsandothertwomainlandtourguideshungthere.TheTaiwanesetouristswerefiftytosixtyyearsold.Theoldestonewasseventy-threeyearsold.Mountainsfellandtheearthsplit.Thecablecarsstopped.TheTaiwanesetouristswerelockedinthesuspensionbox,whichwashungintheair.Theywerefrightenedtosweatanddidnotknowwhattodo.Theyshouted,butnooneresponded.Atdusk,someonecametoinformthemthattherescueteamwascomingtosavethem.―I‘llgoouttothetoilet.Icannotwait.‖Awomantouristshoutedcontinuously.Thereweretwotouristsineverysuspensionboxineachcablecar.Thewomantouristwaslockedtherewithaman.Theywereinthesameteam.Buttheywerenotfamiliarwitheachother.Now,theywerecompanions.Themansaid,―Don‘tcomplaintanymore.Dowhatweshoulddo.‖68万方数据 ―Whatahell…‖Thewomancriedaftershesaidthat.Shedidnotexpectthecryingcomingfromothersuspensionboxes.―Saveme!‖―Cometosaveme!‖―Iwanttogodown.‖―I‘llgotothetoilet.‖Womentouristswereallcrying.Thecablecarswereshaking.―Donotcrywhateverhappened.Ifyouwanttocommitsuicide,jumpdown!‖Amanwasangry.Ifthecablecarshangingintheairwereshaken,itwaslikelytofelldownintothemountain,whichwasfortytofiftymetershigh.Allofthemwoulddie.Thewomendarednotshoutanymore,buttheystillcried.―Letmego…‖suddenly,someonecriedloudly.Thecablecarswereshakenagain.―Cometosaveus.Wecouldnotbearitanymore.‖Themenstartedtoshoutthistime.―Letmego!‖―Bang,bang,bang…‖noisecamefromonesuspensionbox.Amanwaskickingthesuspensionbox.Heintendedtobreakdownthedoorstop,whichwaslocked.Then,thesuspensionboxwasshakenmorefiercely.―Gotohell.Ifyoukickitagain,I‘llkillyou!‖Thetouristbehindorinfrontofhissuspensionboxcursedhim.―Ifuckyou!IfIdie,I‘lldragyoudown.‖―Donotshout.Okay?‖somebodypersuaded.Buttheydidnotfollow.Theyarguedfiercely.Everyonehopedthathewouldbesaved.Atthattime,itwasverylikelytobreakupthecablecar.Everyonewoulddie…butyoucouldnotmakethedelicateliveshangingintheairquietly.AwomaninthesuspensionboxmadeaphonecalltoTaiwan.Shetoldherdaughteraboutherfeeling.―Cometosaveme.I,I….‖Shedidnotspeakanymoreandlostherconsciousness.―Mom,mom.Holdon!‖herdaughtershoutedonthephone.Thecellphonefelldownintothemountains.Thecommunicationbetweenthemotheranddaughterended.69万方数据 ―Wakeup!Wakeup!‖Hercompanionpinchedherphiltrum.Whenthewomanwokeup,shecriedandgroaned,―Letmego.Icannotstand.‖Allpeoplehanginginthecablecarscouldnotstand.Itwasraining.Also,itwasrainingcatsanddogs…―Whydidn‘ttheycometosaveus?‖―Theyalldied?‖someofthemwasangryandanxious.Theylookedaround,andfounditwasgraduallygettingdark.―Bang--‖―Bang--‖somekickedthesuspensionboxdesperately.―You,you,stopkickingthesuspensionbox.‖Thewomenbeggedthemandshouted.Buttheydidnotfollow.Someofthemwereabouttobecrazy.Abunchoflightreflected.Theyallcheeredupinthecablecars.―Theycome.Theliberationarmycomes.‖―Wewillbesavedout.‖―Longlivetheliberationarmy.‖TheseTaiwaneseforgotwhattheyshouted,buttheyshoutedfromthebottomoftheirhearts.Theycalledtheliberationarmy―Comrade‖.Theyshoutedwhattheydarednotshoutoutfromtheirhearts.Therecamethe―theliberationarmycomrade.‖Therewasafive-pointedstarintheirinsigniasonthecaps.Theywerethearmedforceandfirefighters.―Comrade,saveus.‖Somebodyshouted.Dozensoftouristsshouted,whichshookthehummock.―Stopshouting.Thecablecarsaredangerous.Don‘tshakeit.Don‘tshakeit.‖Thefirefightersshouted.Thecablecarsturnedquiet.Theydidnotkickthesuspensionbox.Suddenly,somebodyshouted,―Comrade,someonediedhere!Couldyoutakesomefood?Water,waterisokay.‖―Wealsowanttodrinkwater.‖Then,thecablecarswerefilldwithloudvoices.Theywasshakenagain.―Pleasedonotshakethecablecars.Itismoredangerous.Wewerebrainstormingtosaveyou.Pleasewaitforus.‖Thefirefightersshouted.Thecablecarsturnedquietagain.70万方数据 ―Thedrivesystemwasbroken.Therewasnoelectricitysupported.Wecouldnotsaveyouimmediately.‖―Pleasesendhelicopterstosaveus.‖―Thereareforests.Thehelicopterscannotstop.‖―So,whatshouldwedo?‖―Justwait.‖Theelectricitysystemwasbroken.Anditwashungintheair,sotherescueworkfailed.thAt8o‘clockon12,therescueworkstopped.―Don‘tleave.Ifyougo,whowillsaveus?‖―Weareyourcompatriots.Wedidnotoffendyou.ChenShuibianisabadguy,butwesupport‗onecountry‘.Pleasesaveus.Saveus.‖Thecablecarswereshakenfiercely.Therewereindeedvariouscontentions.―Compatriotsabove,pleasefollowwhatwesaid.Don‘tshakethecablecarsanymore,oryouwouldbeinjuredseriously.Pleasebelieveus.Wewillgotogreatstrengthtosaveyou.Besides,weareaskingforhelp.Theearthquakestruckseriously,thewholeDujiangyanneedsrescue.Buttheheadquartersofthefront-linerequestedustosaveyoufirst.Wewillsaveyouatanycost.Socoordinatewithus.Keepyourstrength.Wewillcomeupwithideastosaveyouatdawn…‖Thefirefightersshouted.―Tomorrow,we‘llwaituntiltomorrow.MyGod.‖Somebodycriedinthecablecar,andanotheroneshouted.Itwasoutofcontrolinthesite.Theyresignedthemselvestotheirfate.Itwasrainingcatsanddogs.Everysuspensionboxwassaturated.―Don‘tshitthere.‖Amanandawomanarguedinsuspensionbox.Themancriticizedthatthewomanshouldnotshit.Thewomanarguedbackthatthemanshouldnotpayparticularcaretothisatthattime.Thewomanandthemanneedednottodistinguishgoodsmellwithbadsmell.Lifecomesbeforeeverything.Allotherstuffshouldgivewaytoit.Nobodyhadexperiencedthatintheirlife.Hangingintheair,theywerelikelyto71万方数据 fallintotheabyss.Theywouldhavetheirbodiessmashedtopieces…thosewhoarepsychologicallyhandicappedcouldnotendurethescarynight.Atthatnight,twelveTaiwanesetouristsspentthemostterrifiedhoursinthecablecarshangingintheair.Atthedawnofthesecondday,someofthemweretiredtosleep,andothersdidnotclosetheireyesatall.–Thesewhofellintosleepsaidlater,―Iwasblank.Ifthecablecarwasbrokendown,Iwoulddie.‖Thesewhowereawakesaid,―IwasafraidthatthecablecarwouldbebrokendownifIclosedmyeyes.‖Tobealivewasnoteasy.ItwasmoredifficulttoliveinthehandofDeath.ThedozenofTaiwanesetouristsregrettedforthousandsoftimes.TheyregrettedthattheyshouldnothavechosenthistimetotraveltoDujiangyan.Butsomeofthemfeltexhausted.Theywouldratherdieasthecablecarwasbrokendown.However,thedawncame.Nobodydied.Thesceneatsitewasmorescaringthandeath.―Cometosaveus.‖―Ibegyou.Iwillgiveyouwhatyouwant…‖thetouristinthesuspensionboxesdidnotshoutasbefore.Buttheirvoiceaskingforhelpwassadder.Whenthelifesteppedintothemostdesperatemoment,itwasmostfrightening.Atnineo‘clockinthemorning,severalsoldierscame.TheywerepoliticalcommissarChenofChengdufirehousebranchandasectionchiefinministryofpublicsecurity.Theyinquiredtheteammembersaboutthereliefplan.Theythoughttheyshouldchangetheplan.―Usingthepulleyforcablecarrepairingistheonlymeanspossible.Wecouldsendanexperiencedteammembertousethepulley,getclosetothetourists,andthensavethetouristsdownbythedescentcontroldevice.‖PoliticalcommissarChenofChengdufirehousebranchcameupwithanefficientreliefplan.―Ithinkit‘sokay.Itistheonlyway.‖Asectionchiefinministryofpublicsecurityandacommanderofficeragreed.―Comeon.Havethesethreeeggs.Now,it‘syourturn.‖PoliticalcommissarChengavetheonlythreeeggstothewell-trainedsoldier.HisnamewasChangWeishu,a72万方数据 sergeantinregimentalpolice.Aftertheearthquake,foodresourceswerelimited.Thefirefightersinthefrontlinestartedthereliefworkwhentheywerehungry.Havingthreeeggscouldbecomparedtoafeastfortherecueteammembers.―Wearesurethatwewillfinishthetask.‖AfterChangWeishuhadtheeggs,hemadeamilitarysalutetohim.Then,hemovedtothecablecars.Atthattime,ChangWeishuwasboundupwithvariousfacilities,amongwhichthemostimportantonewaslowdescentenginery.Everyinchthesmallandheavypulleymoved,itneededstrengthandcarebecausethecablecarswerelikelytobreakdown.Thefirstsuspensionboxwasatsight.Thesoldierreachedouthisrightleg,unlockedtheplugoflockoutsidethesuspensionbox,thenputthesafetylineonthetourist,finallyhelpedhertoslidedownbythepulley—―Wemakeit.‖Whenthefirsttouristlandedfromfortymetersabovethegroundinthecablecar,theyallcheeredup.―Iamwillingtomarrymydaughtertoanyoneamongyou!‖awomanwhowassavedsaid.Thefirefightershadnotimetoreply.Theycontinuedtosaveothertouristscarefully.Thecablecarsweredangerous.Theyhadtobegentle.Butiftheyweretoogentle,theywouldnotsavethetouristsinthecablecarssuccessfully.Theywouldspendtwotothreehourssavingonetourist.Theteammemberschangedagainandagain.Thetouristsinthesuspensionboxescouldnotwait.―Bang~‖―Bang~‖Theystartedkicking.―You‘replayingwithfire!‖ATaiwanesetouristargued.Theonewhokickedthesuspensionboxwasthelastoneinthebox.Thiswastheonlysuspensionboxinwhichtherewasonlyonetourist.Perhapshewassolonelythathehadnervousbreakdown.Whoeverpersuadedhim,hedidnotfollow.Hekickedthesuspensionboxewithgreatstrength.Heshouted,―I‘llgoout.I‘llgoout.‖Hisbehaviorbroughtgreatuncertaintytoworker‘slives.Butnoonecouldstophiscrazybehavior.―It‘stoodangerous.Ifhedidnotstop,theseveralsuspensionboxesbehindhis73万方数据 wouldbebrokendown.‖Thedirectorwasanxious,buthecoulddonothing.―Whatcanwedo?‖―What?Speeduptherescuework.‖Politicalcommissarorderedhisteammemberstodevotethemselvestothelastbattle.Atthattime,itwasdark.Iftheydidnotsaveallthetouristsbeforeitwasdark,itmeantthatthetouristleftwouldstayinthecablecarforonemorenight.―Itisequaltoforcingthemtodie.No.Weshouldsavethemdownatthemosthighspeed.‖Now,onlyonesuspensionboxwasleft.TherewasonlyMr.B.Iftheydidnotsavehimout,hewouldcertainlydie.Everyoneatthesiteknewthisclearly.―Don‘tkickit!We‘llhelpyou.Pleasefollowus.‖Therescueteammembersshoutedcontinuously.―Youdon‘twanttosurvive.Pleasebequiet.TheLiberationArmywillhelpyouout.Believethem.Theyarethenicestmanintheworld.Don‘tkickitanymore.‖ThosewhoweresavedoutencouragedMr.Bontheground.Thebravesoldiersstartedthelastrescuework.Therewasasoundlike―Si,Si‖inthecablecar,whichmadeeveryonefeelnervous.Twentymeters.Tenmeters.Fivemeters…TherewereonlythreeorfourmeterslefttotheMr.B‘ssuspensionbox.ThesoldierscouldseethatMr.Bwaswetclearly.Butatthattime,Mr.Bkickedthedoorcrazily,andhekickeditincreasinglyfiercely.―Iwanttoleave.Iwanttoleave.‖Heshoutedwithhishoarsevoice.Hedidnotfollowwhatthesoldiersandothersatthesitesaid.Threemeters,twometers…whenthesoldierwasabouttoreachouthisrightlegandunlocktheplug,Mr.Bhimselfkickedthedooropen.―Don‘tmove.Don‘tmove!We‘llcometosaveyourightnow.‖Thesoldiersaidtohimimmediately.ButMr.Blookedatthesoldier,andthenhejumpedintothemountains,whichweredozensofmetershigh.74万方数据 Noonehadexpectedthat.Thescenemadeeveryoneatthesitefeelhowdesperatelifewas.Mr.Bfelldownonatreeinthemountain.Hedidnotdieimmediately.Therescueteammembersputhimonthestretcher,andrushedtothefootofthemountainasquicklyastheycould.Theroadwasdestroyedbytheearthquake.Sotheywalkedwithgreatdifficulty.Theyspentoveronehouronthemountainousroad.Allthesoldierswhocarriedhimdown,theirclotheswerebrokenintopieces…TheytriedtheirbesttocarryMr.Btotheambulanceatthefootofthemountain,andthensenthimtothePeople‘sHospitalinChengdu.Unfortunately,hewasinjuredsoseriouslythathediedontheoperatingtable.―Reporttotheheadquarters:twelvetouristsareallsavedexceptone…‖politicalcommissaroffirefightersreportedtoheadquarters.―Congratulations.‖―Thankstothemainlandcompatriots.‖Thenewswaspassedtotheothersideofthestrait,Taiwan.Thecheerandaffectionechoedintheradiowave.ThiswaswhathappenedinDujiangyanintheearthquake.Itwasatragicomedyinthebitterness.Thismademelookatthecityagain.IusuallyhungoutinthecitywhenIwasinDuJiangDam.Ididnotpayattentiontoanotherlargearea,whichwasundertheadministrationofDujiangyan.ThereweretwelvetownsinDujiangyan.OneofthemwasHuyuan,whichwasfamousinthisearthquake.After2004,Dujiangyanincorporatedtwomorecountiesbesidesthetwelvetowns:Xiang‘eCountyandHongkouCounty.Ineverthoughtthetwocounties,whichwereclosetoYingxiu,Wenchuana,weredestroyedintheearthquake.WecouldnotgettoHongkouCountyuntil20thbecausetheroadwasdestroyed.―Ifyouwanttolookattheschooldestroyed,youshouldgotoXinag‘eCounty.‖OneofmyfriendsinSichuanprovincialPartycommitteesaid.―Okay,let‘sgotoXinag‘eCounty.‖Iasked,―HowlongwillittakeustogettherefromDujiangyan?‖75万方数据 ―Dozensofminutes.―Aswasexpected,aftergettingoutofDujiangyan,passingbymountainousroads,wewentintoXinag‘eCounty.Theroadwasrough.Itwasabumpymuddyroad.Sinceithadbeenraining,manyroadswerelikemire.Ithoughtofthedilemmawehadmetaftertheremotecountywasdestroyedbytheearthquake.―Wewillarriveimmediately.‖Afterwecrossedalargefieldofruinsandcountryhouses,thedriversaid.Isawit.ItwaswhereXiang‘eCountywas.Wecouldseewhatthecountywasfromthestreet,whichwasshapedafter―7‖andformedaroundtheroad.Therewerenotunbrokenhousesbutruinswithinoursight.Itwaslong.Inthemiddleofthestreet,therewasonlyapassagefortherescueteam.Therewereallruinsonbothsidesofthe500meterslongstreet,whichwasshapedafternumberseven.Onlywhentheexcavatorsofparatrooperswereworkinginthehalf-destroyedbuildings,wefeltthedeadcountywasstillalive.Thefriend,whoaccompaniedme,workedintheorganizationdepartmentofSichuanprovincialpartycommittee.HetoldmeamovingstorybeforehecametoXiang‘e.IthappenedinXiang‘eCounty.Theherointhestorywasinthereportgroup,whichwasorganizedbythecentralgovernment.HewassecretaryofthepartycommitteeofXiang‘eCounty.ThefollowingwasthereportmadebyLuoHongliang.Ontheafternoonof12th,IwasholdingameetingaboutstreetconstructioninLianyueCounty,whichwaslocatednearLotusLake.Suddenly,thegroundwasshaken,andthelakewasboiling.Someoneshouted,―Theearthquakestruck.‖Irushedoutofthemeetingroomwithothers.Iclimbedontotherocksnearthelake,andrantothedirectionofcountygovernment.Itwasfullofyellowsmoginthesky.Wecouldhardlyseeanything.Wemustgoback.MycolleaguesandIrushedtothecountygovernment.Thehouseswerealldestroyedontheway,andthecementpavementwascracked.ThecountygovernmentandareasarounditwasdestroyedmoreseriouslythanIimagined.Therewereonlyseverallonelyhousesleftinafieldofruins.Thewholestreetbecamea76万方数据 fieldoftiles.―SecretaryLuo,thebuildingsofthegovernmentfelldown.Manycadreswereburiedundertheground.‖―HousesinAiliancommunityfelldown.‖―Severalvillagerscametome,saying,―Theschoolbuildingsfelldown.‖Iwassurprised.Theschoolwasdestroyed.Itwastimeforhundredsofstudentstohaveclasses.Icalledthecadresatthesitetocomeimmediately.ThehostheldtheshortestmeetingofpartycommitteeinthehistoryofXiang‘eCounty.Theymadeachoice:tosavethestudentsfirst.AdministrativeleaderofthetownFuMintaoledagroupofcadresrushingtotheschool.Theywererunningwhileshoutingtothecrowds,―Gototheschool,savethechildrenfirst.‖Theearthquakedestroyedalltheteachingbuildingsintheschool.Thestudentscriedandshoutedintheruins.Thoseparentswhohadcometoschoolshouted,diggingtosearchfortheirchildrenintheruinscrazily.Theywerepanicked.Someofthemasked,―Wherearethecountycadres?‖AdministrationcadreLuoDaiQiangjumpedonthePing-Pongtable,saidloudly,―Whosaidnocadreishere?Iamacadre.Man,comethere.‖Thepanickedcrowdbecamequiet.FuMintaosaidwithahoarsevoice,―Ifweonlypayattentiontoourownchildren,nochildwillbesavedout.Comehere,wheremostchildrenshouted.Saveoneifyoucan.‖Bothmenandwomencame.Strongermenstoodonthetopoftheruins.Othersweredividedintotwogroups.Theypassedbricksandtilesback.Aftertenminutes,theysavedalivingchildoutintheruins.Thesavingprocesswasslowforthelackoflargefacilities.Astimewentby,fewerandfewerchildrenshoutedandtheirvoicewasweakerandweaker.Myheartsunk.Whatshouldwedo?First,wemustfindtherescuefacilities.Weorderedsomeonetolookforthefacilities.Fifteenminuteslater,YuanFengqun,thedirectorinDonglin77万方数据 County,broughthisowntwoexcavatorsthere!Whentheexcavatorsarrived,itcleanedobstaclesonbothsidesoftheroadimmediately,andopenedupthepassageconnectingtheschoolandoutsidearea.RenLongfuwasafraidthatthechildrenmightbeinjuredbytheexcavators,soheledseveralmentotakedownbasketballstands,startedwithindigenousmethods,andtheyreplacedtheexcavatorsbythesimplecrane.Thetwo-convertedcraneplayedagreatroleinthedangeroustimes.Mr.Rendirectedthecranetomovetheconcretefloorstoanotherplace,andthencadresandotherpeoplecametosavethechildren.Intheself-savingprocess,wesavedoverthirteenstudentsbyourhandsandtheself-madecranes.Atthattime,oneofhisson‘slegwasexposed,LaoLuorecognizedhissockandshoeonhisfoot,whichwerequitefamiliartoLuo.Butinordernottointerrupttherescuework,LaoLuonevertoldtherescueteamthathissonwasburiedintheruins.Threedayslater,theycarriedthebodyofthechildout.ThelastmemoryhissonlefttoLaoLuowasthelegexposedfromtheruins.Hetoldmelaterthathedidnotdaretoclosehiseyeswhenhewassleeping.Everytime,whenheclosedhiseyes,theson‘sshoesandsockswereshakeninfrontofhiseyes…Onthemorningof16th,whentherescueworksinschoolended,apartoffacilitiesandsoldierswassenttothecountyasreinforcement.Butitwastoolate.UntilthemorningonMay17th,fivedaysaftertheearthquakestruck,thebodyofacountycadrewascarriedout.Eightpeopledied,includingtheassistantoftheadministrativechiefoftown,YiDadong.YiDadongwasthirty-twoyearsold.HewassenttotakethetemporarypositioninDujiangyaninSeptember2007.Atthattime,severalfloorswerepressedonhisbody.Therescueteamencouragedhimtoholdon.Whentheycametosavehim,hesaidinaweakvoice,―Donotsaveme.Yousavethestudentsfirst.‖Dadonghadbeenmarriedformanyyears.Hewasbusywithhiswork.Hedidnothavechildren.Hedied,andleftregrets.Butfromthesmilingfaceofthechildrenwhoweresaved,IsawthatDadong‘slifecontinued…CadresLiMing,atthemomentwhenthecountygovernmentfelldown,pulleda78万方数据 womanoutofthedeathzone.Buthewasburiedintheruins.Later,theliberationarmywenttothecountytohelptheresidentsremovetheirproperties.WhencomingtoLiMing‘shome,heaskedhiswifeiftherewerepreciousstufftosortout.Shesaid,―Ineednothingbutmyhusband‘scertificateofexcellentcommunist.I‘llletmydaughterknowhisfatherisarealcommunist.‖Aftertheearthquake,Ialwaysrememberthedayswithmycolleaguesinthemidnight,theirlaugh,theirface,andtheirvoice.Ifwecouldhavecomeseveralhoursearly,theywouldnothavedied.Butwhenwecametothegreatdivide,wehadnochoice.Wecouldonlygivethelivingchancetothecommonpeople.ThosewhowenttoAilianinXiang‘eCountywouldseeabillboardofAiliancommunistpartybranchinthecampforrefugee.TheonewhosetthebillboardwasWangWanming,thesecretaryoflocalcommunistparty.Onthedaywhentheearthquakestruck,hermotherdied,shebowedtohermotherthreetimeswithtears.Shesaid,―Mom,I‘msorry.Icouldnotlookafteryou.‖Whenshesaidthat,shehurriedtoevacuatetheresidents.Butonthesecondday,whenshepassedbyherhouse,hermother‘sfuneralhadalreadyfinished.So,asadaughter,whatshecoulddowastochangeanotherpairofshoesforhermother.OntheafternoonofMay16th,therefugesweresettledwell.WangWanmingledseveralpeopletotheoriginalbranchofficeoftheParty,anddugoutthebillboard.Shesetthebillboardagain.ShewantedtoletpeopleinthecommunityknowthattheearthquakedidnotdestroytheParty‘sbranchoffice.OnMay17th,GeneralSecretaryHucametoChengdutolookatthedisaster-strickenarea,andguidetherescuework.WhenheknewwhathappenedinXiang‘eCounty,hethoughthighlyofwhatthecommunistcadresinXiang‘eCountydid,thatis,insistingthatpeople‘sinterestsbethehighest.GeneralSecretary‘scareandencouragementspreadtoeverycornerofXiang‘e.Undertheguidanceofpartyorganizationofthecountyandtown,peopleinthestrickenareasweregettingridofthehurttheearthquakebrought.Theirmoralewasboosted.Theygatheredtogethertoovercomethedifficulty.Now,theredflagsweresetinthesixteenshelters.Twenty-fourcommunistbranchesinthecountyrestartedtheirwork.545communistswereinthe79万方数据 frontlineofreconstruction.545communistswere545seeds.Itwassowedintheareaoffifty-ninesquarekilometer.PeopleinXiang‘eCountywereabletoreconstructtheirhomeandcreateanewlife.LuoHongliang‘sreportwasbasedonwhathesawandwhatthevillagerssaid.Duringtheinterviewfrom23rdto24th,Iwasimpressedwiththiscountyfortwothings:first,whenthecolleagueofthecountycadrewasburiedintheruins,hesaid―Savethechildrenfirst‖.Then,whencommonpeoplewereatlostandhomeless,thewomansecretaryWangWanmingledseveralcommuniststodigoutthebillboardandsetthebillboardintheruinssothatcommonpeoplewereunited.Becauseofthebravewordsandbehavior,itwouldberecordedinthehistorybookandmemorizedbypeople.Whenbothofthemneededtobesaved,cadresgavethechancetostudents.ItlitalightinWenchuanwhichwasfullofsorrowbroughtbytheearthquake.WhatcadresinXiang‘eCountydidcouldbecomparedtowhatHuangJiguangandDongCunruidid.Asanadultandparent,ifhehadtomakeachoice,hewouldhaveleftthechanceoflifetothechildren.Whentheearthquakestruck,thecadrewasburiedinthesamestreet,twoorthreehundredsmetersawayfromXiang‘eMiddleSchool.Atthattime,morethanfourhundredsstudentswereburied.LuoHongliangmadetherightchoice.Whenhesaid―savethechildrenfirst‖,thehelplesschildrenanddesperateparentsregainedhope.Evenlongtimeaftertheearthquake,althoughtheyalwaysrememberedthegrievoussceneinwhichtheirchildrendied,theywerenotangrywiththegovernmentandcadres…itwasthegreatestcondolenceafterXiang‘ecadresmadetherightchoice.Ididnotintendtoexplorethispointanymore.Ijustwantedtoaddsomethingaboutthegriefwhenmanypeoplediedintheearthquake—thegriefoflife.Thiswasthemainpoint.Theearthquakemadeusshedalotoftears.Althoughwewereimpressedbythestoryofheroesandresurrectionofhumanity,wecouldnotforgetthefactthatmanypeoplediedsuddenly.80,000lives(includingthemissing)weregone.Insomecases,thewholefamiliesandthewholeclassesweregone.Andweshouldpayourgreatestattentiontothe80万方数据 brokenfamilies.Itwasbecauselifeshouldberespected.IhadtoaddsomethingtoLuoHongliang‘sreportbecausehementionedacarpenterinthereport.Infact,thecarpenterRenLongfuwasaherobecausehedroveacranetothesite,andworkedcontinuouslyforoverfiftyhoursthere.Whentherescueworkendedonthemorningof15th,CarpenterRenpulledouthisdaughter,whodiedintheearthquake,andwentbackhome.―CarpenterRenpulledouthisdaughterandwentbackhomeonthisway…‖Avillagerpointedtheroughroadtome.Lookingatthemuddyandnarrowmountainroad,IdidnotknowhowsadCarpenterRenwasatthattime.Itwassaidthathehadshednotearsonthesitebecausehehadnotimetocry.Beforetheliberationarmycame,therewerenolarge-scalefacilities.Theydependedontheirhands.Buttheruins,tilesandconcretefloorswereindisorder.Theresultwasthatthosewhoshouldnothavediedsoonweregoneforever...AllthatbraveCarpenterRenreliedonwashisskillsandpersonality.Whentheearthquakestruckon12th,CarpenterRenandhisfriendswhoworkedontheconstructionsitewerehavingtheirmeal.Theywerebusythatday,sotheyhadlunchlate,whichmadethemsurvivefromthedisaster.Whenthemountainwasshaken,CarpenterRenrememberedhisdaughter,whohadbeeninXiang‘eforthreemonths.―Itisreallybad.Whathappenedinthemiddleschool?Godownthemountain.‖Becauseofthefriendshipbetweenthem,severalworkersrusheddownwithhim.Atthetime,thestoneswerefallingfromthemountain.Theyspentoveronehourrunningdownthemountain.―Cometosavethechild.‖Somebodyshoutedtohim.Atthistime,hesawmanypeopleatthesite.Obviously,someonewasdirecting—cadresandparentsweredividedintothreelines.Theypassedbricksfrominsidetooutside.Howmanystudentscouldtheysave?CarpenterRenwasanxious.Heturnedaroundtotheseveralfriendscomingalongwithhim,―Youhurryuptolookforoxygencarrierandcutter.‖Then,herushedtothe81万方数据 ruins,shouted,―Youmustkeepcalm.Savethemscientifically.‖Atthattime,afewpeoplekeptcalm,theparentswerelookingfortheirchildrenasiftheywerecrazy.Butwhentheyfoundthattheycouldnotsavetheirchildrenoutonlybytheirhands,theyunderstoodthattheyneededtoolsandsomeexpertstodirectthem.SomeofthemstartedtofollowCarpenterRen.Hisfriendstookcuttingmachinessomewhere.Itworkedwellwhentheymovedthebrokenconcretefloorspressingonthechildren.Theycouldnothavepulltheconcretefloorsoutbyhands.―Wecannotonlydependonthis.Wemusttakeadvantageofthecrane.‖CarpenterRenfoundthatthecuttingmachinecouldonlycutupthesteelbarsbutcouldnotremovetheconcretefloors.Iftheycouldnotremovetheconcretefloors,theywouldnotsavemorechildren.Theywereburiedinthedisorderlywallboards.Everyminutetheyputoff,everychancetosavechildrentheylost.―Isthereanycraneinthetown?‖CarpenterRenaskedthecountycadres.―Therewereonlytwoforklifts.‖―Forkliftsareok.Driveithere.‖CarpenterRensaid.Someonedrovethetwoforkliftstheresoon.―Itcannothangtheconcretefloorsbecausethearmsaretooshort.‖Whensomeofthemsawtheforklifts,theyweredisappointed.―Ihaveanidea.‖CarpenterRenwasreallyaprofessionalworker.Hechangedtheforkliftsintocrane.Thistime,someonesaidattherescuesite.ItwasthechiefofcountyFuMintaostandingintheruins.Sheraisedherhands,andsaidloudly,―Wefollowhim.Wheneverwefindthechild,wecallhimtodrivethecranethere.‖CarpenterRendeservedthehonor.Hehadneverbeencadre.Hesawhundredsofpeopleonthesitelookingathim.Hestraightenedup,anddrovethefirstcranetotheruins.Thenhegaveittooneofhisfriends,andcametochangeanotherforklift.―WhenIarrivedattherescuesite,Isawthecarpenterwasdirectingothers.IaskedLuowhohewas.Luotoldmehewasacarpenterandheknewmechanism.Isawthathewasprofessional,soIprovidedtwopiecesofadvicewithothercountycadres:first,savingthechildrenfirst.Then,letthecarpenterdirectonthesite.Hewasexperienced.82万方数据 Onlydependingonthemachinescouldtheysavemorechildren.Andwhathappenedlaterprovedthatheliveduptoourexpectations.ThevicemayorofDujiangyancametoXiang‘eCountyatteno‘clockon12th,herecalledthat.ThesitewhereCarpenterRendirectedwasinorder.Anditwasmoreefficientthandiggingbyhands.Butthecranewasrefitted,sothecranedidnotworkafterawhile.Thesteelropewasbrokenintotwopieces.Whatshouldwedo?CarpenterRenwasanxious.Hesaidtheymustchangeitintoaroughrope.Buttherewasnoroughropeinthecounty.TheymustgotobuysomeinDujiangyan.Atoneo‘clocka.m.on13th,CarpenterRentooktwoformalcranessomewhere.Thistime,hebecametherealdirectorontherescuesite.―Here!Here!Yes.Yes.Down.Downagain.Ok.Hangit.‖Cadresandparentsatpresenttookprideintheunknowncarpenterfromthebottomoftheirhearts.Hekeptcalm.Andhewasprofessional.Especiallywhenhesavedoneafterone,theyadoredhim.Itwasrainingincreasinglystrongly,buttherescueworkinXiang‘eMiddleSchooldidnotstopforoneminute.Beforetheteamandmorefacilitiescame,hewasthecoreonthesite.Hehadnochoicebuttosavethechildren.Savingchildrenwashistaskonthesite.―Ishisdaughterburiedinthesite?‖thenewsspreadoutslowlyonthesite.Thereweremoreandmorepeoplecaringabouthisdaughter.13thwasthemostcrucialdayintherescuework,sothecarpenterdidnothavethetimetolookforhisdaughter.Heevenhadnotimetocallhisdaughter‘snicknameonce.However,othersdidnotknowthathelovedhisdaughterverymuchjustlikewhatallfathersdid.After14th,thosewhoweredugoutfromtheruinsalldied.CarpenterRen‘sdaughterwasdugoutonthatday.Shelostherlife…―Kid,Iamsorryforyou!‖CarpenterRenwipedthebloodoffhisdaughter‘sface.Then,hewipedoffhisowntears.Wavinghishand,hedirectedhisfriendstomovehisdaughtertoanothersite.Andthenhedirectedthecraneagain.Itwasthefirsttimeheshoulderedsuchgreatresponsibility.83万方数据 Hedidnotwanttogiveup.Heknewthathundredsofpeopleonthesitewerelookingathim.Someofthemwereparentsofthechildren.Somewerecadresofthecountyorcity.Hethoughtthathecouldnotlosefaceinsuchanoccasion.Hewouldtryhisbesttofinishhistaskgivenbythemayor.Atnineo‘clockonthatday,whensomebodytookhisplacedrivingthecrane,heborrowedatricyclefromaparentthere.Thenhepickedhisdaughterup,putheronthetricycle,androdeitbackhome.―Whydidyoucomeback?‖someonefoundthatCarpenterRenappearedintherescuesiteafterawhile.―Ah~Therewerethealive,andIhavenotimeforthedead.‖Hesighed,andactedasthedirectoronthesiteagain.Thiswasacommonman,notacadreoracommunist.HewouldbeproudofhimselfifthecountycadreswouldmentionhisnamewhentheyreporttothepeopleintheGreatHallofPeople.Asamatteroffact,heshouldgotoreport.Buthedidnotgo.Whensomeonementionedthat,hesaidshyly,―Don‘tthreatenme.Mylegwouldtrembleifyouletmereport.‖ManypeoplediedinXiang‘eMiddleSchoolinthisearthquake.Andthedeathtollwasfairlyhigh.Among420students,only68studentsweresaved…Tobehonest,secretaryLuoHongliang‘svividandimpressivereport,CarpenterRen‘sheroicstories,andliberationarmy‘sbravery,allthathappenedinthedisaster-strickenareasmovedmestrongly.However,Iwouldnotfeellesssorryforthosechildrenwhodiedintheearthquake.WhenIarrivedatthiscounty,thesoldierswereusingbulldozerstopulldownthebuilding,whichwasdestroyedintheearthquake,onthestreet.Thesmellofmedicineandbodieswassostrongthatwecouldnotuntieourmasks.However,whenIwasundertheguidanceofaparentcalledTangFeng,whosekiddiedinthedisaster,Icametothecenteroftheschoolplayground.WhenIturnedbacktolookattheruins,whichwerelikehills,IthoughtImusttakeoffmymasksothatIcouldlistentotheshouting84万方数据 andcryingofthedeadsouls…―Atthattime,Iwasworkinginthefieldbehindthemountain.Suddenly,thegroundwasshaken.Ididnotknowwhathappened.Iwantedtolookup,butIcouldnotstandonmylegs.SoIjustlayonmyback.Atthattime,Isawtheschoolbuildingshakensuddenly.Ihadneverseenthis.Thewholebuildingwaslikefriedbreadstuckinoilinasaucepan.Itwasshakenfiercely.Thenitcollapsedinthemiddle.ThenIheardahugesound.Then,abigcloudofdustthrustuptothesky.Ifiguredthatmysonwasburiedintheruins,soIrushedthere.Onseeingthesite,Iwasfrightened.Therewereallchildrenundertheground.Someofthemdiedwithbloodontheirbodies.Itlookedlikethattheywerethrownaway.Theirgutswereexposed.Hismouthcouldbetwitched.Buthedidnotmoveforawhile.Whatmadehimsadwasthathedidnotknowwhichchildtosaveamongsomanystudentsburied.Iwasthefirstparenttocometotheschool,sincemyfieldwasbehindtheschool.Itwastwohundredsmetersawayfrommetowheremysonhadclasses.Besides,Ilayontheground.AndIwasfacedtothehousefallingdown.Isawitclearlywhenthebuildingfelldown.Itwasscaring.‖WhenTangFengsaidthis,shestaredatmeasifIdidnotbelievehim.―Whendidyoufindyourson?‖AlthoughIdidnotwanttoremindtheyoungmother,whowasthirty-eightyearsold,ofthat,Ifeltshewasstrongenough,soIasked,―Itwasthethirdday.‖TangFengsaid.―Whenthebuildingfelldown,peopleinourvillageallcamehere.Peopleinthecountyalsofollowedustodig.Then,somebodymadeacranebymudtohangtheconcretefloor.Butweparentsdidnotstopdiggingbyourhands.Morethanonehourlater,Icouldhearthechildrenshoutingintheruins.ButlaterIcouldhardlyhear.Sowhilewewerecallingtheirnames,wetriedourbesttodigout.Butwejustdugdozensofchildrenout.Later,itwasraining.Itwasstrongerandstronger.Westilldug.Wedugdozensofbodiesoutonthefirstnight.Theywerealmostallchildren.Overtwentyteachersdied.Ifeltstrange.Ididnotfigureoutstill:MychildwasinClass2,Grade8.Theirclassroomwasinthesouth.Buthewasdugoutinthenorth.Itwasthethirdday.Atthattime,Idugthetilesinthesouth.Iheardamaninthenorthsayingthatachildwasdugoutandhedied.Ifollowedotherparentsto85万方数据 distinguish.Itwasmyson.Ifiguredoutimmediately.Therewasdustonhisface,theycouldnotrecognizehim.ButIwashismother,soIknewitwasmyson.Hewasfifteenyearsold.HewasbornintheyearofRooster.HisbirthdaywasinSeptember.‖Whenshesaidthis,shebentherhead,butwithouttears—hereyesweredry.―Somanychildrendiedbuttheparentsseemedtobemorepeaceful.Wearevillagers.Thereareusuallytwochildreninourfamily.Sowhenwecameacrosssuchadisaster,wesaidnothing.However,wedidnotunderstandwhytheschoolbuildingwasdestroyedcompletely.Youcanhavealook.Thenewbuildingdidnotfalldown.‖TangFengpointedtothenewbuilding.Sheappearedtobeangry.―Theschoolwasdestroyedmostseriously.Wecouldnotunderstand.Yes,wedon‘ttakechildrenaspreciouslyaspeopleinthecity,buttheyareourownchildren.‖TangFengappearedtobeanxiousalthoughshekeptcalmjustnow.Aladywearingthemaskcametomyside,said,―Mysonwasgone,too.HewasinGrade8.Hewasfifteenyearsold,namedJiangYecong.Onthatday,Iwasworkingintheshoponthestreet,suddenly,thehousewasshakenanditfelldown.Fortunately,noonewasburiedtodeath.IthoughtIwaslucky.ButthenIfoundthatmysonwasintheschool.Iwasscared.Wecametodiguntilourhandswerebleeding,butwedidnotmakeit.‖Sheshowedmeherhands.Icouldseescarsonthetenfingers.―Whathappenedlater?‖―Mysonwasdugoutthesecondday.Hehadalreadydied.‖―I‘msorrytohearthat.‖IdidnotwanttoaskthemotherquestionsbecauseIrealizedthatIhadadaughter.IfIhadcomeacrossthedisaster,Iwouldnothavebeenastoughasthem.Imusthavebeenhurtseriously.Ourkids‘liveswereconnectedtoours.Itwasthesamewithalltheparentsintheworld.―Thanksforyou.Iwanttostayherealoneforawhile…‖Iletthemgofirst,andstayedontheplaygroundofXiang‘eMiddleSchoolalone.Itwasempty.Therewasnothingexceptahoopontheground.Thegroundwithdustcouldprovetheappallingscenethere—yellsoftheparentsandthekids,thegrieftheyfeltwhenthedeadandthealivedeparted,theyallshowedthere.Aphotowas86万方数据 spreadwhentheearthquakestruck.Thebodiesofthevictimswereputontheplaygroundwithquiltsandclothcovered.ItwaswhereIstood.320teachersbecamevictimsatthemoment.Theydepartedfromus.Icouldnotimaginehowtragicitwasandhowdesperatetheparentswerewhentheysawthetragedy.Ithoughtmylegswouldbeweakfromthemoment.Istoodontheruins.Ialwaysfelttherewerelivesundermyfeet.Therewereshoutingandbeggingofthechildren…SoIblamedmyselfstandingontheruinsbecausetheywerelivesofthekidswhowereinjuredandbled.Perhapsifwedidnotstandonit,theysleptwell.ButIwouldliketogotoeveryruintohavealook.Orthereweremanypeoplealiveintheruins.Theywereluckyenoughtobesavedandstayalive,evenaftertendays,hundreddays.Weshouldcomeupwithideastorescuethem…Atfirstwhentheearthquakestruck,alltheparentsandChinesepeopletriedtofigureoutwhysomanybuildingsfelldownandsomanychildrendiedinthedisaster.Theissueofthebuildingqualitywashighlightedinfrontofthepublic.Itwasundoubtedthattheproblemwefoundafterwesawthecomparisonprovedthatsomeschoolsdestroyedinthedisastershouldnothavebeendestroyedbecauseofthequality.Theproblemshouldarousetheself-examinationoftherelateddepartments.Intheprocess,theywouldcomeacrossachainoftroublesomeproblems.Thestatecouncilcameupwithcorrespondentpolicies.Wecouldwaitandsee.Anotherproblemwasposedtousnow:weoftenheardthattherewereoversixtystudentsinoneclassroom,whichwasdestroyedintheearthquake.Ididnotknowwhethertherewasregulationintermsofhowmanystudentsshouldbeinoneclassroom.Ifoversixtystudentswereinoneclassroom,theclassroommustbelargeenoughsoassomanypeoplecouldgathertogether.Thelargertheclassroomwas,thebiggertheframeofthebuildingwas,andtheweakerthecarryingcapacityoftheframewas.Inmanysites,thereweredamagedteachingbuildingsontheonesideandwell-keptdormsontheotherside,whichmadeusreflectonhowserioustheproblemwas.Wecouldnotignorethethirdproblem:thefocusoftheearthquakewasinthefaultzoneofLongmenMountain,whichstartedfromYingxiu,Wenchuan,andthenfive87万方数据 hundredmilestothenortheast.Thewidthofthefaultzonewasaboutseventymiles,untiltothenorthofQingchuan.Thatwaswhytheimpactoftheearthquakewassoboard.Thedirectionofstrongearthquakedependedonthefaultzone.Alllivesinthefaultzonewerevictims.Expertsprovidedsuchadvice:ifthebuildingwasbuiltinaccordancewiththeseismicwave,itwouldbedestroyedmoreseriously.Asforsome―7‖or―厂‖shapedbuildings,itcouldbestruckwiththebarriertype,anditwouldbedestroyedmoreseriously.Thatwaswhythebuildingsincludingtheschoolbuildingsweredestroyedsoseriously.Ofcourse,theexplanationandopinionsabovecouldnotrepresenttherootoftheproblem.Thelivesofourrelativesandthehurtforthesurvivorwerewhatweshouldtakeseriously.Forcommonpeople,nothingwasmoreimportantthatthese,especiallyforthosewhodied.Forthosealive,whethertheywerephysicallyhealthywasthekeypoint.DujiangyanwasnotdestroyedmostseriouslyintheWenchuanearthquake,butwewerefamiliarwithit.Becauseweknewitatthefirsttime,becausethedestroyedbuildingswesawweresoclosetoChengdu,foritsproximitytoChengdu,wefeltsadaboutit.88万方数据 个人简历在读期间发表的翻译作品与学术论文个人简历：梅竹，女，1992年4月9日生。2014年7月毕业于北京邮电大学，获得学士学位。2014年9月进入对外经济贸易大学攻读商务英语笔译专业硕士。已发表的学术论文与研究成果：[1]梅竹.《词随时变》.《西江月》，2013，09。[2]梅竹.《散文的诗化，诗化的散文》.《西江月》，2013，08。89万方数据 书脊：字体为仿宋，上下边界为5cm左右，字号可根据题目长短自由调整。我国商业银行操作风险管理研究姓名对外经济贸易大学万方数据'