桩基施工方案-中文英文对照

'塞拉利昂水泥厂项目桩基施工方案CementterminalprojectpilefoundationconstructionprograminSierraLeone一、旋挖成孔灌注桩施工Rotarydrillingholepileconstruction1．工程量1000M3砼Theprojectamount1000M3concrete2．施工技术ConstructionTechnology本工程项目桩基施工采用旋挖成孔工程钻机，在施工前须对场地进行清表、清障、平整、压实，使场地表面耐力不小于100Kpa。施工时设置泥浆池、沉定池、泥浆循环系统和废浆池，沉淀池的容积两倍于一根桩的体积，储浆池容积大于16m3，以满足钻孔需要。PileFoundationConstructionoftheprojectusearotarydrillingrig,beforeconstruction,weneedtoclearedthetable,wrecker,leveling,compactionvenuetomakesurethesurfaceenduranceisnotlessthan100Kpa.Duringconstruction,weneedtosetMudpools,sedimentationtanks,mudcirculationsystemandwasteslurrypond.Tomeetdrillingdemand,Sedimentationtankvolumeistwicethevolumeofapile,storageslurrypondvolumeshouldbegreaterthan16m33．工艺流程Process4．操作工艺Operationprocess（1）测量定位MeasurementPositioning（a）采用全站仪按照图纸测定位置并做好标色。Usetotalstationmeasurementpositioninaccordancewiththedrawingsandmakeastandardcolor.（b）利用水准仪测定护筒标高其误差不大于10MM。LeveldeterminationCasingsforelevationoftheerrorshouldnotmorethan10MM（2） 栓桩：桩位位置确定后，用两根相互垂直的十字线中心相交于桩点，并定出他的控制点，做好标识妥善保护。Boltpiles:oncepilesbitpositionisdetermined,weusetwomutuallyperpendicularcrosshairscenterintersectatthepilepoint,sethiscontrolpointandmarkedproperlyprotected.（3）钻机就位：履带坐落的位置应平整，坡度不大于3度，避免因场地不平整产生动力损失，倾斜、位移，重心高时还会引起安全事故。Riginplace:Trackedlocatedpositionshouldbeflat,theslopeisnotgreaterthan3degreesandavoidvenueunevenlossofpower,tilt,displacement,highcenterofgravitywillalsocauseaccidents（4）对准桩位：首先调整旋挖机的桅杆，使之处于垂直状态，让钻头对准桩点。AlignmentPile:Firstadjusttheaugermastinaverticalstateandthedrillbucketshouldbealignwiththepilepoint.（5）埋设护筒：定出十字控制点后，可采用钻机进行取土，钻至设计深度进行护筒埋设。Burycasing：setcrosscontrolpointtheweusetherigdigtheholeuntilthedepthwecanstarttoburythecasing.护筒采用厚度6mm的钢板制作而成，长度在2m左右,护筒的直径为850mm,为防止钻进施工中护筒外圈返浆造成塌孔和护筒脱落,护筒底部应坐落在稳定的土层上,并且进入原土0.3-0.5m。护筒埋设位置应准确其中心点与桩定位点误差不大于50mm，并应保证护筒的垂度和水平度。Thecasingwasmadeby6mmthicksteelplate,thelengthshouldbearound2mandthecasingdiameteris850mm.InordertopreventtheoutertubeProtectionDrillingreturnedtothepulpcausedtheholecollapseandretainingbarreloffthebottomofthepilecasingshouldbelocatedinthestableonthesoilandintotheoriginalsoil0.3-0.5m。Casinglayingpositionshouldbeaccuratecenterpoint，pileanchorpointerrorisnotmorethan50mmandalsoshouldensureCasingforverticalandhorizontal（6）泥浆制作：采用现场所泥浆搅拌机或人工制作，宜先加水并计算体积，在搅拌下加入规定的膨润土，纯碱以溶液的方式在搅拌下缓缓加入，搅拌时间一般不少于3分钟，必要时还可加入其他外加剂，以增大泥浆比重。另拌制泥浆应根据工艺和穿越土层情况进行配合调整，膨润土泥浆性能指标制备可按下列参数(砂土层)；粘度19-25%；比重1.18-1.30；含沙率小于6%，胶体率95%，PH值7.0-9.0。 Mudproduction：siteslurrymixerorartificiallyproducedadvisedaddingwaterandcalculatingthevolume,afterthataddedwithstirringapredeterminedbentonite,sodaashsolutionwithstirringwasslowlyaddedandthestirringtimeisgenerallylessthan3minutes,ifnecessarywecanalsoaddotheradmixturestoincreasethemudweight.Besides,Mixingmudwiththeadjustmentshouldbebasedontheprocessandthroughthesoil,andthebentoniteslurryperformanceindicatorspreparedaccordingtothefollowingparameters(sandlayer);viscosity19-25%;proportion1.18-1.30;sandyratelessthan6%,colloidalrate95%,PHvalue7.0-9.0.（7）旋挖钻钻进成孔RotaryDrilldrillinghole（a）以钻具钻头自重和液压缸加压作为钻进压力，每一回次的钻进量应以深度仪所示值为参考依据，以钻机说明书钻速，钻压扭矩为指导，进尺适当，不多钻也不少钻。钻多，辅助时间加长。钻少，回次进尺少，效率降低。Wetakedrillweightandhydrauliccylinderpressureasthedrillingpressure,drillingdepthmetershouldbeshownthevaluereferenceforspeeddrillingrigmanualtheWOBtorqueforguidance,footageappropriate,notmuchdrillisalsoalotofdrilling.DrillmultiAuxiliarylonger.Drillinglessfootagebacktothetimes,reducingefficiency（b）当钻头内装满土、砂后，将其提升上来,注意地下水位变化情况，并灌注泥浆。Whenthedrillisfilledwithsoilandsand,weraiseitupandpayattentiontothegroundwaterlevelchangesthenperfusemud（c）旋转钻机将钻头内的土卸出，用铲车及时运走，运离不影响施工作业区。Rotaryrigtodrillwithinthesoilunloadedthentransportedwithaforkliftinatimelymannerandtransportedfromtheimpactoftheconstructionworkarea（d）关闭钻头活门，将钻头转回孔口，降下钻头继续钻进。Closetheshutterthenreversalofthedrillorifice,lowerthedrillbittocontinueddrilling（e）为保证孔壁稳定,应视表土松散层厚度，孔口下入长度适当的护筒，并保持泥浆面高度，随泥浆损耗及孔深增加，应及时向孔内补充泥浆，以维持孔内压力平衡。ShouldbeconsideredtoensurethestabilityofholewallthetopsoillooselayerthicknessorificeintotheappropriatelengthcasingProtection,thenkeepthemudsurfaceheightwithmudlossanddeepholeshouldbetimelysupplementtotheholein themud,inordertomaintaintheholepressurebalance.（f）提升钻头过快，易产生负压，造成塌孔.一般钻头提升速度控制在，装满渣土钻头提升0.937M/S，空钻头升降1.210M/S。Ifweimprovedrilltoofast,itseasytoproducenegativepressure,whichwillresultinholecollapse.Usuallywhenadrillfilledwithmuck,theliftingspeedshouldbecontrolledwithin0.937M/Sandforemptydrill,thespeedshouldbe1.210M/S（g）在桩端持力层钻进时右能会由于钻头的提升引起持力层的松驰，因此在接近孔底标高时应注意减小钻头的提升速度。Duetotheenhancementofthedrillinthepileendbearingstratumdrillingmaycauserelaxationofthebearinglayerelevationthuswhendrillingnearthebottomoftheholeweshouldpayattentiontoreducetheliftingspeedofthedrill（h）清孔：因旋挖钻用泥浆循环,在保障泥浆稳定的情况下，(清除孔底沉渣一般用双层底捞砂钻头，在不进尺的情况下，回转钻头使沉渣尽可能地进入斗内，反转，封闭斗门，即可达到目的。因本工程地质-24M以下为粘土层,视具体情况,确定清孔方法，确保沉渣厚度符合要求。Clean-upholes:Becauserotarydrillingusemudcirculation,sounderthecircumstanceofstablemudprotection(whencleartheholebottomsedimentgenerallywedowithdoublebottombailingbit,inthecaseoffootage,rotarydrillbitsothatsedimentwentintothebucket,invertedclosedshutterandthiscanachievethepurpose.Becauseoftheengineeringgeology-24Mbelowaretheclaylayersoweshoulddependonthespecificsituationthendetermineholecleaningmethods,toensurethesedimentthicknessrequired（i）钢筋笼制作：钢筋笼按设计图纸及相关规定要求制作。钢筋表面应洁净，使用前应将表面污垢、漆皮、鳞锈等清除干净；钢筋应平直，无局部弯曲、无裂纹、断伤。钢筋接头焊缝均匀、饱满、光滑；不得有裂纹、塌陷、咬边、夹渣，钢筋表面无明显烧伤等缺陷。每批焊条都应有出厂合格证。Thereinforcementcageproduction:steelcagewasdesignedaccordingtodrawingsandrelatedregulationsrequirements.Reinforcedsurfaceshouldbecleanbeforeusing.Weshouldcleansurfacedirt,patentleather,scalyrustandthereinforcementshouldbestraightwithnolocalbending,nocracks,offinjured.Reinforcedjointsshouldbeuniformweld,full,smooth,withoutcracks,collapse,undercut,slag,steelsurfaceburnsandotherdefects.Eachbatchofelectrodesshouldhavefactorycertification钢筋笼安装，视设计桩长的配筋长度及配备的工程吊车技术参数的实际情况， 进行分段制作，遂段吊放钢筋笼，各段之间根据主筋直径按设计要求采用单面电焊连接。双点起吊，确保钢筋笼不变形。当钢筋笼吊放至设计位置后，在孔口固定钢筋笼上端。Reinforcementcageinstallation:Accordingtotheactualsituationofthedesignlengthofpilereinforcementlengthandwithengineeringcranetechnicalparameters,weshouldproduceinsegment,thenthesegmentdippingsteelcagemainreinforcementdiameterbetweenparagraphsdesignrequiressingle-sidedwelding.Usingtwo-pointliftingtoensurenodeformationofthereinforcementcage.Whenthereinforcementcagewasdippingtothedesignposition,wefixedreinforcementcageintheupperoftheorifice.钢筋笼保护层垫块采用现场预制砂浆圆块。Theprotectivelayerofthereinforcementcagepadsusethesiteprefabricatedmortarroundblock（j）下钢筋笼，钢筋笼场内运输可采用人工抬运或加托架转运，不可使钢筋笼产生永久变形；钢筋笼采用双点起吊，对正后缓缓下入，不准强行压入。ReinforcingSteelCage:Reinforcementcageinsidecanbetransportedbyartificialliftorbrackettransportandthecagecannotbemadepermanentdeformation;Thereinforcementcageusedualpointlifting,slowlydownintothepositive,notallowedtopressintobyforcement.（k）下导管：导管连接要密封、顺直，导管下口离孔底约300mm就可，导管平台应平整，夹板牢固可靠。Lowerconduit:conduitconnectionmustbesealed,straight,catheterdownuntiltheundermouthabout300mmfromthebottomofthehole(thecatheterplatformshouldbesmoothandplywoodrobust)当钢筋笼吊放定位后，就可在孔口安放导管平台，吊放导管。导管采用直径250mm钢制标准导管，各节导管及其与承料斗间均以丝扣连接。导管在吊放前，在地面连接作水压试验，确保无渗漏方可使用。Whenthereinforcementcagedippingpositioned,theorificecanbeplacedwithcatheterplatformthenwestarttodipcatheter.Theconduitwastakenthe250mmdiametersteelstandardscatheter,sectionscatheterandtheOrderofthehopperarethreadedconnection.Catheterbeforedippinginthegroundconnectionforwaterpressuretesttoensurenoleakagebeforeuse（l）浇筑砼：Pouringconcrete ①钢筋笼，导管下放完毕，做隐蔽检查，必要时进行二次清孔，验收合格后，浇筑砼。砼采用现场搅拌。Afterdecentralizationofthereinforcementcage,catheters,weneedtodocovertchecks,andifnecessary,wewilldoasecondholecleaning,afteracceptance,wecanpourconcrete(Concretearemixingonsite)②预拌砼应具备设计的强度等级，有良好的和易性，塌落度宜180-220mm。Ready-mixedconcreteshouldhavethestrengthgradedesign,goodworkability,andslumpshouldbe180-220mm③初次灌注砼量应严格按照要求计算首灌砼立方量，以其数量必须满足充满孔底，并埋管深度不少于0.8m。InitialperfusionconcreteamountcalculatedinaccordancewiththerequirementsshouldbestrictlycubicamountofinitialconcreteirrigationandtheQuantitymustfullyfilledthebottomoftheholemeanwhiletheburieddepthshouldnotlessthan0.8m④导管埋深，保证2-4m，随着砼面上升，随时提拨和拆除导管，以使导管在砼中始终保持2-4m。且在首批砼的初凝时间前完成砼浇灌，如无法保证，可经过试验给砼添加缓凝剂。为使砼密实，可利用吊机升降系统慢速振插导管。终灌时，按桩顶设计标高正确掌握最后灌注的砼量，使实灌砼面高出设计顶面1D以上，以确保清除浮浆后桩顶砼的完整性。在水下砼灌注时，要勤测砼塌落度，按要求做好试块，作为质量控制及质量评定的依据。Buryconduitindeepandmakesure2-4m,withtherisingconcretesurface,setasideatanytimeandremovalofthecathetertomakesurethecatheteralwayskeepinconcrete2-4m.Besides,weneedtofinishperfusingtheconcreteBeforetheinitialsettingtimeofthefirstconcreteandifthiscannotbeguaranteed,wecanaddretardertotheconcretethroughtest.Craneliftingsystemcanbeusedtomakeconcretedenseslowvibrationcatheterization.wecanuseCraneliftingsystemtheslowvibrationinsertedcathetertomakesureconcretecompaction.Designelevationofthetopofthepilewhenthefinalirrigation,properunderstandingofthelastperfusionconcreteamount,therealirrigationconcretesurfaceabovethethedesigntopsurface1Dtoensuretheintegrityofthetopofthepileofconcretetoremovelaitance.Perfusionoftheunderwaterconcretetogroundmeasuredconcreteslump,requiredtodothetestblock,asthebasisforqualitycontrolandqualityassessment.⑤ 砼灌注过程中，为防止钢筋笼上浮，应采取如下措施，在孔口固定钢筋笼上端；灌注时间尽量缩短，防止砼进入钢筋笼时流动性变差，当孔内砼进入钢筋笼1-2小时，应适当提升导管，减少导管埋深，增大钢筋笼在下层砼中的埋置深度。DuringConcretecastingprocess,inordertopreventsteelcagefloatingweshouldtakethefollowingmeasures,fixingtheupperendoftheorificereinforcedcage;makingperfusiontimeasshortaspossibletopreventconcretetoenterrebarcagewhichcancauseflowvariation,whentheholeintheconcreteintotherebarcage1-2hours,weshouldbeappropriatetoenhancethecatheterstoreducecatheterburialdepthandincreasingtheembedmentdepthofthereinforcementcageinthelowerconcrete⑥灌注结束时，控制桩顶标高，砼面应超过设计标高1D以上，保障桩头质量。Whenperfusionwasover,wemustcontroltheelevationofthetopofthepile,theconcretesurfaceshouldbemorethanthedesignelevation1Dtoprotectthepileheadquality⑦钻机移位：成孔施工完毕且验收合格后，移至下一桩位。另外当桩距（中心距）小于5m时，后一根桩钻孔必须在前一根桩砼灌注完成后24小时才能开钻。Therigshift:movetothenextonebitaftertheconstructioniscompletedintotheholeandacceptance.Inaddition,whenthepilespacing(centerdistance)islessthan5m,thenextpiledrillingmustbethefirst24hoursafterapileofconcreteperfusioncompleted（m）雨季施工Rainyseasonconstruction①露天使用的电气设备，天关箱的防雨措施应可靠，放置较高位置，电焊机等导电设备应加保护罩。旋挖机雨期施工应有防雷接地并定期检查。Openuseofelectricalequipment,switchboxes,water-resistantmeasuresshouldbereliable,placedahigherposition.Weldingmachinesandotherconductiveequipmentshouldbeaddedtotheprotectivecover.RotaryDrillingRigworkingduringrainperiodshouldbelightningprotection,groundingandcheckregularly②电气设备的接地保护就牢固可靠，漏电保护装置动作灵敏，操作人员应使用绝缘工具。检查有无地基塌陷情况，在旋挖钻机行走时，务必避开塌陷地段，桅杆还应适当向后倾斜一个安全角度。Groundprotectionofelectricalequipmentonasolid,reliable,sensitiveactionleakageprotectiondevice,theoperatorshoulduseinsulatedtoolsandcheckfor foundationcollapseduringrotarydrillingrigwalkingthenbesuretoavoidthecollapseofthelot,themastalsoshouldbeappropriatebackwardtiltasafetypointofview③钻机上下托板时，应有防滑措施，避免侧滑引起的安全事故。Rigupanddownthepalletshouldbenon-slipmeasurestopreventsecurityincidentscausedbythesliding④水管、导管、泥浆管不用时，应清理干净，整好平放。Whenwaterpipes,ducts,mudtubesarenotused,weshouldcleanuptheputthemflat⑤施工现场办公区、生活区所用电器装置应安全、可靠。在雷电频落区域，应加装防雷接地设施。Constructionsiteofficearea,livingareawithelectricalinstallationsshouldbesafeandreliable.Installationoflightningprotectionandgroundingfacilitiesinthelightningfrequencyofftheareaareveryimportant二、砼配比设计要求Concretemixdesignrequirements1．原材料及配合比Rawmaterialsandmixtureratio（1）水泥应符合相关要求，采用免检水泥并经过测试，严禁使用快硬型水泥，水泥必须有出厂合格证，如果水泥出场日期超过三个月对水泥质量有怀疑时应视不同情况进行复检，复检合格后方可使用。水泥在运输及堆放过程中应有防雨防潮措施，不同品种、标号、生产厂家的水泥严禁使用在同一根桩砼中并分别堆放。Cementshouldcomplywiththerelevantrequirements,inspection-freecementandtested,prohibitedtheuseofrapidhardeningcement,thecementmusthavefactorycertification,cementexitdateismorethanthreemonthsthenasuspectshouldberetesteddependingonthequalityofthecement,complexinspectionqualifiedbeforeuse.Cementtransportandstackingprocessshouldberainandmoisturemeasures,differentvarieties,label,cementmanufacturerscannotusewithapileofconcreteandstackedseparately（2）石子的质量应符合相关要求，每批石料进场应有质保单。碎石的粒径采用5-40mm，5mm筛余量应为90%-100%，40mm筛余量大于5%。石料堆场应选干净处，严禁混入沙土杂质。Thequalityofthestonesshouldcomplywiththerelevantrequirementsofeachbatchthestoneapproachshouldwarrantysingle.Gravelparticlesizeshouldbe5-40mmthe5mmsievemarginshouldbe90%-100%andthe40mmsievemargin shouldbegreaterthan5%.Cleanstoneyardtobeelectedatnon-mixedsandimpurities.（3）沙的质量应符合相关要求，选用级配合理、质地坚硬、颗粒干净的中粗砂，砂进场每批要有合格证，砂的模数控制在2.3-3.0之间，在储运堆放过程中防止混入杂物。Sandqualityshouldcomplywiththerelevantrequirements,selectionofgradation,hardtextureandcleanparticlesofgrit.sandapproacheachbatchshouldhaveacertificate,themodulusofthesandcontrolinisbetween2.3-3.0,stackedinthestorageandtransportationprocesstopreventmixedwithdebris2．混凝土搅拌Concretemixing施工现场设砼搅拌站，由JS750型搅拌机、沙石堆场和水泥库组成。砼搅拌时应严格按配合比称重砂、石、外加剂。砼原材料投量允许偏差：水泥为±2%；砂石土为±3%；水、外加剂为±2%。原材料投料时应依次加入石、砂、水泥和外加剂，砼的搅拌时间不少于90S。砼搅拌过程中及时测试坍落度和制作试块，拌好的砼应及时浇筑，若出现离析现象应重新搅拌，砼坍落度控制在18-22CM。Constructionsitesetconcretemixingstation,bytheJS750-typemixer,sandyardandcementsilo.Concretemixingshouldbestrictwiththeratiooftheweighingsand,stone,admixtures.Allowabledeviationofconcreteandamountofrawmaterials:cement±2%;thegravelsoil±3%;water,admixturesof±2%.Rawmaterialfeedingshouldthenaddedtothestone,sand,cementandadmixtures,concretemixingtimeshouldnotlessthan90S.TesttheSlumpandproductiontestblockduringconcretemixingprocessinatimelymanner,theconcreteshouldbemarinatedpouringsegregationphenomenonshouldbere-mixedconcreteslumpcontrol18-22CM3．砼浇筑Concretepouring按相关要求制作试块，试块为150×150×150MM，每根工程桩做一组试块，清水养护28D后，送交测试，试块脱模后及时放进现场砌置的水池内养护。Testblock,accordingtotherelevantrequirementsoftheproductiontestblockshouldbe150×150×150MM,eachpiledoagroupoftestblockandcleanwaterafter28daysofcuring,senttotestintothesceneinatimelymannerafterejectionofthetestblockpuzzlesetwithintheconservationpool三、工程质量标准及质量保证措施Engineeringqualitystandardsandqualityassurancemeasures本工程施工及验收要求遵循相关的标准规定。 Theconstructionandacceptancerequirementsfollowstandardregulations.（一）．工程质量标准Engineeringqualitystandards1．原材料和砼强度保证符合设计要求和相关的规定。Rawmaterialsandconcretestrengthtoensurecompliancewithdesignrequirementsandotherrelevantprovisions.2．成孔深度符合设计要求，孔底沉渣厚度小于10CM。Drillingdepthcanmeetthedesignrequirements.,sedimentthicknessofthebottomoftheholeislessthan10CM3．实际浇注量不小于计算体积。Theactualpouringamountisnotlessthanthecalculatedvolume.4．浇筑后的桩顶标高及浮浆的处理符合设计要求和施工相关规定。Theelevationofthetopofthepileafterpouringandfloatingpulpprocessingtomeetthedesignrequirementsandconstructionoftherelevantprovisions（二）允许偏差项目Tolerancevariationproject1．成桩后的桩孔中心位置偏差，中间桩小于1/4D；边桩不小于1/6D。Deviationintoapileafterpileholecenterposition,themiddleofthepileislessthan1/4D;sidepileisnotlessthan1/6D2．钢筋笼的制作：Reinforcementcageproduction:（钢筋保护层：50mm）；Reinforcedprotectivelayer:50mm主筋间距偏差：±10mm；Mainreinforcementspacingdeviation:±10mm;箍筋间距偏差：±20mm；Stirrupspacingdeviation:±20mm;钢筋笼直径偏差：±10mm；Reinforcementcagediameterdeviation:±10mm;钢筋笼总长度偏差：±100mm；Thetotallengthofthereinforcementcagedeviation:±100mm;钢筋搭接长度：≥10d；ReinforcedLaplength:≥10d;焊缝宽度：≥0.7d；Weldwidth:≥0.7d;焊接厚度：≥0.3d。Weldingthickness:≥0.3d.3．.桩垂直度小于1%。Pileverticaldegreeislessthan1%.4．.砼施工ConcreteConstruction砼强度等级大于设计砼强度等级；Concretestrengthratingishigherthanthedesignconcretestrengthrating;砼坍落度18-22cm18-22cmconcreteslump主筋保护层厚度≥75mm；mainreinforcementprotectionlayerthickness≥75mm; 所使用的材料必须具有质量保证书和检测试验合格报告；Thematerialusedmusthaveaqualityassurancebooksandtestingcompliancereport;成桩砼质量连续完整，无断桩、缩径、夹泥现象，浇筑砼密实度要好，桩头砼无疏松现象。Thequalityoftheconcretepilingiscontinuouscomplete,nobrokenpileneckingsiltedphenomenon,pouringconcretedensityisbetter,trailercouplingconcretewithoutloose（三）质量保证措施Qualityassurancemeasures1．.管理措施Managementmeasures（1）公司的工程技术部直接对该项目的工程质量进行监督和控制，直接掌握质量动态，指导全面质量管理工作，展开严格岗位责任制，对各工序、工种实行检查监督管理，行使质量否决权。Company"sengineeringdepartmentdirectlysuperviseandcontrolthequalityoftheprojectandtogaindirectcontroloverthequalityofdynamicguidanceoftotalqualitymanagement,expandthestrictsystemofpersonalresponsibilitytoimplementtheinspectionandsupervisionofthemanagementofvariousprocesses,typeofwork,theexerciseofthequalityoftheveto（2）对主要工序设置管理点，严格按工序质量控制体系和工序控制点要求进行运转。Settingmanagementpointstomajorprocessandweshouldbeinstrictaccordancewiththerequirementsoftheprocessqualitycontrolsystemandprocesscontrolpointoperation（3）实行三级质量验收制度；每道工序组100%自检；质量100%检验；工地技术负责30%抽查。Theimplementationofthethree-tiersystemofqualityinspection;eachprocessgroup100%self-test;quality100%inspection;sitetechnologyisresponsiblefor30%ofspotchecks（4）认真填写施工日记。FillinconstructionDiary.2．技术措施Technicalmeasures（1）桩轴线及桩位放样，定位后要进行复测，定位精度误差不超过5mm。埋设护筒时由测量人员到场，用仪器校正中心后方能固定护筒，保证护筒的垂直度。Loftpileaxisandpilesbit,toretestafterpositioning,thepositioningaccuracy errorofshouldnotmorethan5mm.whenburythecasings,thesurveyorshouldatthescene,weshouldfixthecasingswiththecenterofinstrumentcalibration,toensuretheverticalityofthecasings（2）钻机定位，旋挖钻机桅杆必须垂直，不合要求随时纠正。Rigpositioning,rotarydrillingrigmastmustbevertical,ifnot,weshouldcorrectatanytime.（3）孔底沉渣检测小于30cmTheholebottomsedimentdetectislessthan30cm（4）确保钢筋笼的垂直度Ensuretheverticalityofthereinforcementcage（5）砼搅拌时砂石料经过磅称称重，误差不超过3%，严格控制水灰比。根据现场砂石料的含水率情况调整加水量。每根桩做1-2次坍落度试验。Aggregateconcretemixingafterweighingscales,weighingerrorshouldlessthan3%,andweshouldbestrictcontrolofthewater-cementratio.Adjusttheamountofwateraccordingtothesiteaggregatemoisturecontentandeachpileweshouldhave1-2slumptest（6）根据地层特点及时调整泥浆性能，防止钻孔扩径、缩径和坍塌，控制好砂层土的泥浆相对密度，确保孔壁稳定。Timelyadjustmentmudperformanceaccordingtotheformationcharacteristicsinordertopreventdrillingflaring,neckingandcollapse,andgoodcontrolofthesandlayersoilslurryrelativedensitytoensurethestabilityoftheholewall四、施工总体计划Constructionmasterplan（一）施工总体计划Constructionmasterplan本工程施工合同约定：180天。根据工期要求。桩基设计及场地等条件，计划进旋挖钻机一台及其配套设备。Theconstructioncontract:180days.Accordingtotheschedulerequirements.Pilefoundationdesignandsiteconditions,weplantopurchasearotarydrillingriganditsancillaryequipment施工中采用隔桩跳打（保证相邻桩距大于4倍桩径），钻孔、砼浇筑分开作业的方式进行施工。同时根据生产进程及时优化，提高施工效率。Wetaketheskipdrillingduringconstruction(toensureadjacentpilespacingisgreaterthanfourtimesthepilediameter),drilling,concretepouringoperationsseparatelyforconstruction.Simultaneouslyweoptimizedaccordingtotheproduction processinatimelymannertoimprovetheefficiencyofconstruction（二）施工进度计划Constructionschedule根据以往施工经验及网络优化成果，施工φ750工程桩用时情况分析如下：Accordingtotheconstructionexperienceandnetworkoptimizationbasedonpastachievement,Constructiingtheφ750projectpiletimeuse,refertothefollowinganalysis:钻机移位、就位及开钻准备；Therigshift,inplaceandpreparedrilling钻进成孔；Drillingintoahole吊放钢筋笼、导管；Dippingreinforcementcageandcatheter;水下砼浇筑；Underwaterconcretepouring根据以上分析，一台旋挖转机每天（8h）可成孔2个，砼浇筑成桩2个。Basedontheaboveanalysis,arotaryrigworkeveryday(8h)candig2holesandtwoconcretepouringintopiles八主要设备，工具配置Majorequipment,configurationtools根据土层特点，桩径以及桩长情况，选用8R-30旋挖转机，制浆设备，泥浆泵。Basedonsoilcharacteristics,pilediameterandpilelength,wechoose8R-30rotarydrillingrig,pulpingequipment,mudpump主要设备工具表如下Mainequipmenttoolstableasfollowing序号serialnumber名称Name型号Model数量Quantity价值（万元）Value备注Note1旋挖钻机Rotarydrillingrig12泥浆泵Mudpump23制浆机Pulper14砼搅拌机Concretemixer15液压汽车吊Hydraulictruckcrane26翻斗车Dumpers57电焊机Weldingmachine38挖掘机Excavator19装载机Loaders110排污泵Sewagepump2 11泥浆比重计Mudhydrometer212水准仪Level113全站仪Totalstation114钻斗Drillingbucket115导管Catheter/conduit116导管操作平台117上料斗Hopper118发电机组Generatorsets219清水泵CleanWaterPump220砼试模等Concretetryout12'