北京农村供水改造工程pe管道施工工法

'大兴区2011年农村一户一表改造工程（三标段）施工工法施工单位：北京金河水务建设有限公司大兴区2011年农村一户一表改造工程项目经理部pressuredropnotshouldisgreaterthan0.02MPa,workpressureXiafullsystemnoleakage.2watersupplysysteminthewatersupplysystemequipment,accessoriesandwaterpressureandflowratetomeetthedesignrequirements,checkthecontrolequipmentandaccessories,equipmentleaks,damaged.5.4.1....FruitVisualshouldisfollowingstandard:flushqualifiedstandardequipmentspeed(r/min)filternetworkspecifications(accountsnumber)qualifiedstandard≥6000200Visualfilternetwork,eachsquarecentimetersrangewithinremainingofdirtrealnotthan3star<60001002,andwaterpipelinesystemdisinfection:drinkingwaterpipelinesysteminofficialdeliveredusingQianneededusedeachrosewaterinthecontaining20~mgoffreechlorineofwaterirrigationfullpipelinefordisinfection.Chlorine-containingwaterinthetubeshouldbeletstandfor24hoursormore.Afterdisinfection,rinsewithpotablewaterpiping,andsamplingbythehealthandepidemicpreventiondepartmentsafterpassinginspection,turnoffallvalvesandclosedallentrances,preventforeignbodiesfromentering.5.4.2.1drainagesystemdebuggingdebugging:debuggingsanitaryappliances,drainpumpdebugging,debuggingdebuggingserialdebuggingofdrainagesystemprojectcontents1debuggingaVisualinspectionforsanitaryappliancessanitaryappliances;fullwatertest,namelyaftertherelease,seenwhenwaterlevelexceedstheoverflowhole,smoothoverflowofwater;whenyoupullup 第一节、管沟土方开挖1、作业条件1.1土方开挖前，根据施工方案的要求，施工区域内的地下、地上障碍物已清除和处理完毕。1.2管沟的位置或场地的定位控制线（桩）、标准水平桩及开槽的灰线尺寸，已检验合格；并办完预检手续。1.3夜间施工时，有足够的照明设施，在危险地段设置明显标志，先支管后干管，先内后外，避免影响后续管沟作业。尽量不安排夜间施工，以防扰民。1.4根据作业区域的大小情况尽量选用小型挖掘机械，机械无法进入的施工区域采用人工开挖。1.5在机械施工无法作业的部位和修整边坡坡度、清理槽底等，配备人工进行。1.6熟悉图纸，做好技术交底。2、操作工艺2.1工艺流程：确定开挖的顺序和坡度→分段分层平均下挖→修边和清底2.2坡度的确定：根据设计要求的埋深和土质情况，管沟开挖时不考虑放坡。2.3采用反铲开挖管沟，施工方法采用端头挖土法：挖土机从沟（槽）或管沟的端头以倒退行驶的方法进行开挖。2.4挖土机沿槽边缘移动时，机械距离边坡上缘的宽度不小于基沟（槽）或管沟深度的1/2。2.5在开挖过程中，随时检查槽壁和边坡的状态。深度大于1.5m时，根据土质变化情况，做好管沟的支撑准备，以防坍陷。2.6机械施工挖不到的土方，配合人工随时进行挖掘，并用铁锨或手推车把土运到机械挖到的地方，及时用机械挖走。2.7开挖管沟时，预留15厘米，防止超挖，如不能准确地挖至设计基底标高时，由人工配合抄测标高，人工清挖至标高以上5cm。2.8修帮和清底。在距槽底设计标高50cm槽帮处，抄出水平线，钉上小木橛，然后用人工清理上部浮土。pressuredropnotshouldisgreaterthan0.02MPa,workpressureXiafullsystemnoleakage.2watersupplysysteminthewatersupplysystemequipment,accessoriesandwaterpressureandflowratetomeetthedesignrequirements,checkthecontrolequipmentandaccessories,equipmentleaks,damaged.5.4.1....FruitVisualshouldisfollowingstandard:flushqualifiedstandardequipmentspeed(r/min)filternetworkspecifications(accountsnumber)qualifiedstandard≥6000200Visualfilternetwork,eachsquarecentimetersrangewithinremainingofdirtrealnotthan3star<60001002,andwaterpipelinesystemdisinfection:drinkingwaterpipelinesysteminofficialdeliveredusingQianneededusedeachrosewaterinthecontaining20~mgoffreechlorineofwaterirrigationfullpipelinefordisinfection.Chlorine-containingwaterinthetubeshouldbeletstandfor24hoursormore.Afterdisinfection,rinsewithpotablewaterpiping,andsamplingbythehealthandepidemicpreventiondepartmentsafterpassinginspection,turnoffallvalvesandclosedallentrances,preventforeignbodiesfromentering.5.4.2.1drainagesystemdebuggingdebugging:debuggingsanitaryappliances,drainpumpdebugging,debuggingdebuggingserialdebuggingofdrainagesystemprojectcontents1debuggingaVisualinspectionforsanitaryappliancessanitaryappliances;fullwatertest,namelyaftertherelease,seenwhenwaterlevelexceedstheoverflowhole,smoothoverflowofwater;whenyoupullup 2.10基底修理整平后，进行质量检查验收。3、成品保护3.1对定位标准桩、标准水准点、龙门桩等，挖运土时不碰撞，并经常测量和校准其平面位置、水准标高和边坡坡度是否符合设计要求。定位标准桩和标准水准点在开挖前进行校核复测。3.2在开挖土方时，设专人观察，防止邻近建筑物或构筑物、原有道路管线等发生下沉和变形。必要时与设计单位或建设单位协商，采取防护措施，并在施工中进行沉降或位移观测。3.3施工中发现有文物或古墓，妥善保护，及时报请有关部门处理后，再继续施工；对现场测量用永久性标桩或地质、地震部门设置的长期观测点进行有效保护。根据建设单位提供的地下管线位置图，采取保护措施，防止损坏管线，造成严重事故。4、应注意的质量问题4.1基底超挖：开挖管沟，不超过沟底标高。如个别地方超挖时，处理方法根据勘察单位的意见，征得设计单位同意后处理，不私自处理。4.2管沟开挖后尽量减少对基土的扰动。如沟槽开挖后不能即刻施工，根据实际情况留置一定厚度的土层，待管道施工时再开挖，避免出现冻槽。4.3注意施工顺序的合理性：严格按施工方案规定的施工顺序进行土方开挖，先从低处开挖，分层分段依次进行，形成一定坡度以利排水。4.4及时了解现场土质和地下水情况，还应注意机械挖土时的留置台阶的高度不得超机械最大挖掘深度的1.2倍，防止机械自重下沉，造成施工事故。4.5管沟边坡不直不平，基底不平；加强检查，随挖随修，并认真验收。第二节、管道与阀件施工一、PE管道连接1、一般规定：pressuredropnotshouldisgreaterthan0.02MPa,workpressureXiafullsystemnoleakage.2watersupplysysteminthewatersupplysystemequipment,accessoriesandwaterpressureandflowratetomeetthedesignrequirements,checkthecontrolequipmentandaccessories,equipmentleaks,damaged.5.4.1....FruitVisualshouldisfollowingstandard:flushqualifiedstandardequipmentspeed(r/min)filternetworkspecifications(accountsnumber)qualifiedstandard≥6000200Visualfilternetwork,eachsquarecentimetersrangewithinremainingofdirtrealnotthan3star<60001002,andwaterpipelinesystemdisinfection:drinkingwaterpipelinesysteminofficialdeliveredusingQianneededusedeachrosewaterinthecontaining20~mgoffreechlorineofwaterirrigationfullpipelinefordisinfection.Chlorine-containingwaterinthetubeshouldbeletstandfor24hoursormore.Afterdisinfection,rinsewithpotablewaterpiping,andsamplingbythehealthandepidemicpreventiondepartmentsafterpassinginspection,turnoffallvalvesandclosedallentrances,preventforeignbodiesfromentering.5.4.2.1drainagesystemdebuggingdebugging:debuggingsanitaryappliances,drainpumpdebugging,debuggingdebuggingserialdebuggingofdrainagesystemprojectcontents1debuggingaVisualinspectionforsanitaryappliancessanitaryappliances;fullwatertest,namelyaftertherelease,seenwhenwaterlevelexceedstheoverflowhole,smoothoverflowofwater;whenyoupullup 1.1管材、管件以及管道附件的连接采用热熔连接，（公称外径大于或等于63mm的管道不采用手工热熔承插连接，壁厚≤6mm的管材不使用热熔对接的连接方法）并且采用相应的专用热熔连接工具，连接时禁用明火加热。1.2管道连接采用同种牌号规格，压力等级相同的管材、管件以及管道附件（不同牌号的管材以及管道附件之间的连接，经过试验，确定连接质量能得到保证后，再施工连接）。1.3在寒冷气候（-5℃以下）或大风环境条件下进行热熔或电熔连接操作时，采取遮挡保护措施，或调整连接工具的工艺参数。1.4管道连接时，管材切割采用专用割刀或切管工具，切割断面保证平整、光滑、无毛刺，且垂直于管轴线。1.5管道连接后，及时检查接头外观质量，不合格立即返工。2、热熔连接：2.1热熔连接工具的温度控制精确，加热面温度分布均匀，加热面结构符合焊接工艺要求。热熔连接前、后使用洁净棉布擦净加热面上的污物。2.2热熔连接加热时间、加热温度和施加的压力以及保压、冷却时间，符合热熔连接工具生产企业和管材、管件以及管道附件生产企业的规定。在保压、冷却期间不能移动连接件或在连接件上施加任何外力。2.3热熔对接连接还应符合下列规定：2.3.1两待连接件的连接端应伸出焊机夹具一定自由长度，并校直两对应的待连接件，使其在一条轴线上。错边不宜大于壁厚的10%。2.3.2管材、管件以及管道附件连接面上的污物使用洁净棉布擦净，并铳削连接面，使其与轴线垂直。2.3.4待连接件的断面使用热熔对接连接工具加热，加热完毕待连接件迅速脱离加热工具，检查待连接件的加热面融化的均匀性和是否有损伤。然后用均匀外力使连接面完全接触，并翻边形成均匀一致的凸缘，凸缘的高度和宽度并符合相关规定。2.3.5pressuredropnotshouldisgreaterthan0.02MPa,workpressureXiafullsystemnoleakage.2watersupplysysteminthewatersupplysystemequipment,accessoriesandwaterpressureandflowratetomeetthedesignrequirements,checkthecontrolequipmentandaccessories,equipmentleaks,damaged.5.4.1....FruitVisualshouldisfollowingstandard:flushqualifiedstandardequipmentspeed(r/min)filternetworkspecifications(accountsnumber)qualifiedstandard≥6000200Visualfilternetwork,eachsquarecentimetersrangewithinremainingofdirtrealnotthan3star<60001002,andwaterpipelinesystemdisinfection:drinkingwaterpipelinesysteminofficialdeliveredusingQianneededusedeachrosewaterinthecontaining20~mgoffreechlorineofwaterirrigationfullpipelinefordisinfection.Chlorine-containingwaterinthetubeshouldbeletstandfor24hoursormore.Afterdisinfection,rinsewithpotablewaterpiping,andsamplingbythehealthandepidemicpreventiondepartmentsafterpassinginspection,turnoffallvalvesandclosedallentrances,preventforeignbodiesfromentering.5.4.2.1drainagesystemdebuggingdebugging:debuggingsanitaryappliances,drainpumpdebugging,debuggingdebuggingserialdebuggingofdrainagesystemprojectcontents1debuggingaVisualinspectionforsanitaryappliancessanitaryappliances;fullwatertest,namelyaftertherelease,seenwhenwaterlevelexceedstheoverflowhole,smoothoverflowofwater;whenyoupullup PE管道热熔对接采用同厂家、同材质、同牌号的管材与管材，管材与管件之间，管件与管件之间连接，不同系列的管材不采用热熔对接连接。二、管道敷设1、沟槽开挖与基础1.1一般稳固土壤管道沟槽断面形式有直壁、放坡以及直壁与放坡相结合等形式，管沟断面形式确定根据现场施工环境、施工设备、土质条件、沟槽深度、气象条件和施工季节等因素综合考虑调整确定。1.2槽底最小宽度根据土质条件、沟槽断面形式及深度确定，采用下表规定：沟槽槽底最小宽度①（mm）公称外径dn槽底宽度Bdn≤400≥dn+300400＜dn＜630≥dn+450①管材、管件在槽底连接或管道与附件连接的位置，应适当加宽。1.3管道沟槽按设计的平面位置和高程开挖，人工开挖且无地下水时，沟底预留0.05m；机械开挖或有地下水时，沟底预留值不小于0.15m。预留部分在管道敷设前用人工清至设计标高。1.4管道基础或垫层应符合下列规定：1.4.1管道必须敷设在原状土地基上，局部超挖部分应回填夯实，当沟底无地下水时，超挖在0.15m以内，可用原土回填夯实、其密实度不低于原地基天然土的密实度；超挖在0.15m以上时，可用石灰土或砂处理，其密实度不应低于95%。当沟底有地下水或沟底土层含水量较大时，用天然砂回填。1.4.2沟底遇有废旧构筑物、硬石、木头、垃圾等杂物时，必须在清除后铺一层厚度不小于0.15m的砂土或素土，且平整夯实。1.4.3管道附件或阀门，管道支墩位置应垫碎石，夯实后按设计要求设混凝土找平层或垫层。1.4.4对软弱管基及特殊性腐蚀土壤，按设计要求进行处理。2、管道敷设pressuredropnotshouldisgreaterthan0.02MPa,workpressureXiafullsystemnoleakage.2watersupplysysteminthewatersupplysystemequipment,accessoriesandwaterpressureandflowratetomeetthedesignrequirements,checkthecontrolequipmentandaccessories,equipmentleaks,damaged.5.4.1....FruitVisualshouldisfollowingstandard:flushqualifiedstandardequipmentspeed(r/min)filternetworkspecifications(accountsnumber)qualifiedstandard≥6000200Visualfilternetwork,eachsquarecentimetersrangewithinremainingofdirtrealnotthan3star<60001002,andwaterpipelinesystemdisinfection:drinkingwaterpipelinesysteminofficialdeliveredusingQianneededusedeachrosewaterinthecontaining20~mgoffreechlorineofwaterirrigationfullpipelinefordisinfection.Chlorine-containingwaterinthetubeshouldbeletstandfor24hoursormore.Afterdisinfection,rinsewithpotablewaterpiping,andsamplingbythehealthandepidemicpreventiondepartmentsafterpassinginspection,turnoffallvalvesandclosedallentrances,preventforeignbodiesfromentering.5.4.2.1drainagesystemdebuggingdebugging:debuggingsanitaryappliances,drainpumpdebugging,debuggingdebuggingserialdebuggingofdrainagesystemprojectcontents1debuggingaVisualinspectionforsanitaryappliancessanitaryappliances;fullwatertest,namelyaftertherelease,seenwhenwaterlevelexceedstheoverflowhole,smoothoverflowofwater;whenyoupullup 2.1管道根据施工组织设计分段施工，管材沿管线敷设方向排列在沟槽旁，承口向同一方向排列。对连接安装间隔时间较长及每次工程收工，管口部位进行封闭保护。2.2管道移入沟槽时，不损伤管材，表面不得有明显划痕，应采用非金属绳索下管。2.3管道穿越重要道路等需设备金属或混凝土套管时，应符合下列规定：2.3.1套管应伸出路边或路基1.00-1.50m。2.3.2套管内应清理无毛刺，管道穿过套管时不得使用管道表面产生明显拉痕，必要时管道表面应加套保护。2.3.3穿越的管道应采用电熔、热熔连接，经试压且通过验收合格后方可与套管外管道相连接。第三节闭水试验水压试验措施计划：外管线到阀门井作为一个试验系统，村内管网作为一个系统进行压力试验。在水压试验前5-6天，提交管道水压试验措施计划，报送监理人审批。试验内容应包括水压试验工作段范围、试验场地布置、试验设备、检测方法、测点布置、试验程序和安全措施等。水压试验(1)水压试验在管道验收合格，包封混凝土达到设计强度的100%，包封外土方回填至与包封顶齐平后方可进行。(2)试验压力：按设计图纸所要求的压力值进行控制。(3)管道的试压堵头(盲板)有足够的安全系数，并根据实际情况设置必要的临时后背。试压时严禁使用阀门挡水。(4)试压前，对试压设备、压力表(精度1.5级，刻度上限为试验压力的1.5倍)、连接管、排气管、进水管及管件进行详细检查，必须保持系统的严密性并排尽试验管道内空气。对试验管道的堵头板、弯头及三通等处的支撑牢固度也要详细检查。(5)管道灌满水后在不大于工作压力的条件下濅泡12小时后才能进行水压试验。pressuredropnotshouldisgreaterthan0.02MPa,workpressureXiafullsystemnoleakage.2watersupplysysteminthewatersupplysystemequipment,accessoriesandwaterpressureandflowratetomeetthedesignrequirements,checkthecontrolequipmentandaccessories,equipmentleaks,damaged.5.4.1....FruitVisualshouldisfollowingstandard:flushqualifiedstandardequipmentspeed(r/min)filternetworkspecifications(accountsnumber)qualifiedstandard≥6000200Visualfilternetwork,eachsquarecentimetersrangewithinremainingofdirtrealnotthan3star<60001002,andwaterpipelinesystemdisinfection:drinkingwaterpipelinesysteminofficialdeliveredusingQianneededusedeachrosewaterinthecontaining20~mgoffreechlorineofwaterirrigationfullpipelinefordisinfection.Chlorine-containingwaterinthetubeshouldbeletstandfor24hoursormore.Afterdisinfection,rinsewithpotablewaterpiping,andsamplingbythehealthandepidemicpreventiondepartmentsafterpassinginspection,turnoffallvalvesandclosedallentrances,preventforeignbodiesfromentering.5.4.2.1drainagesystemdebuggingdebugging:debuggingsanitaryappliances,drainpumpdebugging,debuggingdebuggingserialdebuggingofdrainagesystemprojectcontents1debuggingaVisualinspectionforsanitaryappliancessanitaryappliances;fullwatertest,namelyaftertherelease,seenwhenwaterlevelexceedstheoverflowhole,smoothoverflowofwater;whenyoupullup (6)升压达到设计压力值时，应进行管道强度试验。在保持恒压1h条件下检查管道各部位及所有接头、附配件等是否有渗透或其它不正常现象。为保持管道内压力，可向管内补水。若无上述情况，可判定为合格。强度试验合格后，应停止进行加压，并将全部排气、排水阀门关闭，在保持恒压2h内进行渗水量测定的严密性试验。(7)当试验过程中，出现管压升不上去或管堵损坏时，立即停止试验，找出原因，采取有关措施后，重新试验。(8)试验结束后，立即排除管道内的水，填写试压记录，经有关人员签字后，妥为保存。(9)闭水试验结束排除管道内的水后，用清水和漂白粉进行消毒冲洗管道。第四节管沟回填土一、管道沟槽回填时，应符合下列规定：1.1管道铺设后应及时进行回填，回填时应留出管道连接部位，连接部位应待管道水压试验合格后再进行回填，回填前对管道系统进行加固。1.2回填时应先填实管底，再同时回填管道两侧，然后回填至管顶0.5m处。沟内有积水时，必须全部排尽后，再行回填。1.3管道两侧及管顶以上0.5m内的回填土，不得含有碎石、砖块、垃圾等杂物，不得用冻土回填。距离管顶0.5m以上的回填土内允许有少量直径不大于0.1m的石块和冻土，其数量不得超过填土总体积的15%。1.4回填土应分层夯实，每层厚度应为0.2-0.3m，管道两侧及管顶0.5m以上的回填土必须人工夯实，当回填土超出管顶0.5m时，可使用小型机械夯实，每层松土厚度应为0.25-0.4m。1.5当管道覆土较深，且管道回填土质及压实系数设计无规定时，其回填土质及压实系数应符合要求，管底应有0.1m以上、压实系数85%-90%的垫层，管道两侧每0.2m分层回填夯实，压实系数为95%，管顶0.3m以内压实系数不小于90%。1.6当管道覆土较浅时，其回填土土质及压实系数应根据地面要求确定，当修筑道路时，应满足路基的要求。1.7回填时各类机具种类，每层回填土虚铺厚度应符合下表规定：pressuredropnotshouldisgreaterthan0.02MPa,workpressureXiafullsystemnoleakage.2watersupplysysteminthewatersupplysystemequipment,accessoriesandwaterpressureandflowratetomeetthedesignrequirements,checkthecontrolequipmentandaccessories,equipmentleaks,damaged.5.4.1....FruitVisualshouldisfollowingstandard:flushqualifiedstandardequipmentspeed(r/min)filternetworkspecifications(accountsnumber)qualifiedstandard≥6000200Visualfilternetwork,eachsquarecentimetersrangewithinremainingofdirtrealnotthan3star<60001002,andwaterpipelinesystemdisinfection:drinkingwaterpipelinesysteminofficialdeliveredusingQianneededusedeachrosewaterinthecontaining20~mgoffreechlorineofwaterirrigationfullpipelinefordisinfection.Chlorine-containingwaterinthetubeshouldbeletstandfor24hoursormore.Afterdisinfection,rinsewithpotablewaterpiping,andsamplingbythehealthandepidemicpreventiondepartmentsafterpassinginspection,turnoffallvalvesandclosedallentrances,preventforeignbodiesfromentering.5.4.2.1drainagesystemdebuggingdebugging:debuggingsanitaryappliances,drainpumpdebugging,debuggingdebuggingserialdebuggingofdrainagesystemprojectcontents1debuggingaVisualinspectionforsanitaryappliancessanitaryappliances;fullwatertest,namelyaftertherelease,seenwhenwaterlevelexceedstheoverflowhole,smoothoverflowofwater;whenyoupullup 每层回填土虚铺厚度（m）机具种类虚铺厚度机具种类虚铺厚度木夯、铁夯≤0.2压路机（轻型）0.2-0.3蛙式夯、火力夯0.2-0.3振动压力机≤0.41.8管道经试压且通过隐蔽工程验收，人工回填到管顶以上0.5m后，方可采用机械回填，但不得在管道上方行驶，机械回填时应在管道内充满水的情况下进行。1.9各类管道阀门井等周围回填应符合以下规定：1.9.1应采用砂砾、石灰土等材料，宽度不应小于0.4m。1.9.2回填后沿管道中心线对称分层夯实，其密度应不低于规范要求。管道井在路面位置，管顶0.5m以上应按路面要求进行回填。二、人工回填土回填土采用土方开挖时的土，人工挑出大于50mm的砖、石等硬块。人工回填，蛙夯或油夯夯实。铺土厚度控制在20~25cm。回填标准见下表：序号回填部位回填标准（密实度）1管两侧大于90%2管上部50cm范围内大于80±2.5%3管上部50~140cm范围内大于95%三、机械回填土施工1、作业条件：1.1填土前对填方基底和已完工程进行检查和中间验收，合格后要作好隐蔽检查和验收手续。1.2施工前，做好水平高程标志布置。如在沟边上每隔1m钉上水平桩或在邻近的固定建筑物上抄上标准高程点。2.工艺流程：沟底地坪上清理→检验土质→分层铺土→分层碾压密实→检验密实度→修整找平验收2.1填土前，将基底表面上的垃圾等杂物都处理完毕，清理干净。pressuredropnotshouldisgreaterthan0.02MPa,workpressureXiafullsystemnoleakage.2watersupplysysteminthewatersupplysystemequipment,accessoriesandwaterpressureandflowratetomeetthedesignrequirements,checkthecontrolequipmentandaccessories,equipmentleaks,damaged.5.4.1....FruitVisualshouldisfollowingstandard:flushqualifiedstandardequipmentspeed(r/min)filternetworkspecifications(accountsnumber)qualifiedstandard≥6000200Visualfilternetwork,eachsquarecentimetersrangewithinremainingofdirtrealnotthan3star<60001002,andwaterpipelinesystemdisinfection:drinkingwaterpipelinesysteminofficialdeliveredusingQianneededusedeachrosewaterinthecontaining20~mgoffreechlorineofwaterirrigationfullpipelinefordisinfection.Chlorine-containingwaterinthetubeshouldbeletstandfor24hoursormore.Afterdisinfection,rinsewithpotablewaterpiping,andsamplingbythehealthandepidemicpreventiondepartmentsafterpassinginspection,turnoffallvalvesandclosedallentrances,preventforeignbodiesfromentering.5.4.2.1drainagesystemdebuggingdebugging:debuggingsanitaryappliances,drainpumpdebugging,debuggingdebuggingserialdebuggingofdrainagesystemprojectcontents1debuggingaVisualinspectionforsanitaryappliancessanitaryappliances;fullwatertest,namelyaftertherelease,seenwhenwaterlevelexceedstheoverflowhole,smoothoverflowofwater;whenyoupullup 2.2检验土质。检验回填土料的种类、粒径，有无杂物，是否符合规定，以及土料的含水量是否在控制的范围内；如含水量偏高，可采用翻松、晾晒或均匀掺入干土等措施；如遇填料含水量偏低，在气温高的时间采用预先洒水润湿等措施。2.3填土分层铺摊。每层铺土厚度根据土质、密实度要求和机具性能确定。2.4机械施工填土摊铺一层，应配合人工摊平，摊铺厚度不得超过30mm。用蛙式或柴油打夯机分层夯打密实。2.5回填土方每层压实后，按规范规定进行环刀取样，测出干土的质量密度，达到要求后，再进行上一层的铺土。填土按每百米为一单元取样。2.6填方全部完成后，表面恢复至原来耕田或原地坪的标高，凡超过标准高程的地方，及时依线铲平；凡低于标准高程的地方，补土找平夯实。3、成品保护3.1施工时，对定位标准桩、轴线控制桩、标准水准点及龙门板等，填运土方时不得碰撞，并及时复测检查这些标准桩点是否正确。3.2夜间施工时，合理安排施工顺序，安排足够的照明设施。防止铺填超厚，严禁用车直接将土倒入沟（槽）内以免砸坏管道。尽量不安排夜间施工环节。4、应注意的质量问题4.1按要求测定土的干土质量密度：回填土每层都应测定夯实后的干土质量密度，符合设计要求后才能铺摊上层土。未达到设计要求的部位，重新夯实取样测定后再进行下道工序施工。4.2回填土下沉：因虚铺土超过规定厚度或冬期施工时有较大的冻土块，或夯实不够遍数，甚至漏夯，基底有机物或树根、落土等杂物清理不彻底等原因，造成回填土下沉。为此，在施工中认真执行规范的有关规定，并要严格检查，发现问题及时纠正。4.3回填土夯压不密实：在夯压时对干土适当洒水加以润湿但不要在寒冷的时候洒水，以免冻结。四、顶钢管穿PE管1、概述pressuredropnotshouldisgreaterthan0.02MPa,workpressureXiafullsystemnoleakage.2watersupplysysteminthewatersupplysystemequipment,accessoriesandwaterpressureandflowratetomeetthedesignrequirements,checkthecontrolequipmentandaccessories,equipmentleaks,damaged.5.4.1....FruitVisualshouldisfollowingstandard:flushqualifiedstandardequipmentspeed(r/min)filternetworkspecifications(accountsnumber)qualifiedstandard≥6000200Visualfilternetwork,eachsquarecentimetersrangewithinremainingofdirtrealnotthan3star<60001002,andwaterpipelinesystemdisinfection:drinkingwaterpipelinesysteminofficialdeliveredusingQianneededusedeachrosewaterinthecontaining20~mgoffreechlorineofwaterirrigationfullpipelinefordisinfection.Chlorine-containingwaterinthetubeshouldbeletstandfor24hoursormore.Afterdisinfection,rinsewithpotablewaterpiping,andsamplingbythehealthandepidemicpreventiondepartmentsafterpassinginspection,turnoffallvalvesandclosedallentrances,preventforeignbodiesfromentering.5.4.2.1drainagesystemdebuggingdebugging:debuggingsanitaryappliances,drainpumpdebugging,debuggingdebuggingserialdebuggingofdrainagesystemprojectcontents1debuggingaVisualinspectionforsanitaryappliancessanitaryappliances;fullwatertest,namelyaftertherelease,seenwhenwaterlevelexceedstheoverflowhole,smoothoverflowofwater;whenyoupullup 管道过路（或河道）夯管工程，采用夯管方式穿越路（或河道）非开挖铺设管道。需在待铺设管线东西两侧分别开挖17m×5m的工作坑和3m×3m的接收坑，深度均为2.5米。2、铺管深度与作业坑尺寸夯管坑：17m×5m×2.5m（长×宽×深）位置：一侧。接收坑：3m×3m×2.5m（长×宽×深）位置：另一侧。管道深度：管底2.4米。3、出土方式人工出土。每夯进一根管清理一次管内残土。4、施工工艺流程和施工方法4．1作业坑开挖与支护施工工艺流程：边坡开挖→边坡修整→定位放线。作业坑支护施工方法详见作业坑支护方案。4．2夯管工艺流程：工作坑基底处理→导轨安装→管靴制作→夯管锤安装→管道夯进→管道焊接→固定口防腐→管内残土清理→基坑回填→竣工验收4．3施工方法1）工作坑基底处理坑底铺垫级配砂石20cm厚，用夯夯实；当水位高于工作坑底部时，采取降水措施，确保工作坑内干槽作业。2）导轨安装选用不小于30#工字钢作导轨，导轨下用厚50mm、宽0.1—0.2m、长1.5m木板作枕木，枕木间距1m。导轨水平安装，中心线允许偏差2mm，顶面高程允许偏差2mm。导轨安装合格后，在其两侧用DN50长2米的钢管打入坑底基础作锚桩加固，与导轨焊牢。3）管靴制作在第一根管端头外壁加焊一圈加强钢板，厚12—15mm，宽0.2m。4）夯管锤安装pressuredropnotshouldisgreaterthan0.02MPa,workpressureXiafullsystemnoleakage.2watersupplysysteminthewatersupplysystemequipment,accessoriesandwaterpressureandflowratetomeetthedesignrequirements,checkthecontrolequipmentandaccessories,equipmentleaks,damaged.5.4.1....FruitVisualshouldisfollowingstandard:flushqualifiedstandardequipmentspeed(r/min)filternetworkspecifications(accountsnumber)qualifiedstandard≥6000200Visualfilternetwork,eachsquarecentimetersrangewithinremainingofdirtrealnotthan3star<60001002,andwaterpipelinesystemdisinfection:drinkingwaterpipelinesysteminofficialdeliveredusingQianneededusedeachrosewaterinthecontaining20~mgoffreechlorineofwaterirrigationfullpipelinefordisinfection.Chlorine-containingwaterinthetubeshouldbeletstandfor24hoursormore.Afterdisinfection,rinsewithpotablewaterpiping,andsamplingbythehealthandepidemicpreventiondepartmentsafterpassinginspection,turnoffallvalvesandclosedallentrances,preventforeignbodiesfromentering.5.4.2.1drainagesystemdebuggingdebugging:debuggingsanitaryappliances,drainpumpdebugging,debuggingdebuggingserialdebuggingofdrainagesystemprojectcontents1debuggingaVisualinspectionforsanitaryappliancessanitaryappliances;fullwatertest,namelyaftertherelease,seenwhenwaterlevelexceedstheoverflowhole,smoothoverflowofwater;whenyoupullup 夯管锤通过出土器和卡瓦与管道连接，需要保证锤的轴线和管道轴线重合。5）管道夯进采用空压机以0.7MPa的压缩空气推动夯管锤。在夯进第一根钢管一半时，应将管内土排出，用激光定位仪对夯进钢管前端的中心位置及高程进行一次测量，监测管轴线及高程，发现偏差立即采取措施纠正。必要时可夯进1-3m，测量一次。6）管道焊接采用亚弧焊打底，手工电弧焊填充、盖面，单面焊，双面成型。采用J422焊条，每层焊缝厚度为焊条直径的0.8—1.2倍，焊缝加强面高度不大于1/3壁厚。焊缝宽度以每边超过坡口边缘2mm为宜，焊口咬肉深度不超过0.5mm，连续长度不超过25mm，总长度不大于焊缝总长度的25%。7）固定口防腐A、钢管表面处理:管子表面必须认真清理,清理方式采用喷(抛)射除锈。除锈等级应达到Sa2级(工业级),如条件不具备时,也可采用手工除锈,除锈等级应达到St3级。B、涂底漆底漆涂刷前,在容器中应当搅拌均匀,直至沉淀物全部溶解为止。涂刷过程中,由于溶剂挥发,当底漆较稠,应加入稀释剂稀释至合适的稠度，才能涂刷。在稀释调制时应注意防火,保证安全。在除锈合格的钢管表面上涂刷底漆,会形成均匀的薄膜,待底漆干到"手触发粘"时,使可缠绕胶带。C、缠绕胶带胶带的解卷温度应当高于5℃。缠带时要求管子干燥无霜。缠带要求:在涂好底漆的管子上按搭接要求缠带,胶带始端与末端搭接长度不应少于1/4周长且不少于100mm,缠绕各圈间应平行,不得扭曲皱折,并压贴带端使其不翘起。8）管内残土清理pressuredropnotshouldisgreaterthan0.02MPa,workpressureXiafullsystemnoleakage.2watersupplysysteminthewatersupplysystemequipment,accessoriesandwaterpressureandflowratetomeetthedesignrequirements,checkthecontrolequipmentandaccessories,equipmentleaks,damaged.5.4.1....FruitVisualshouldisfollowingstandard:flushqualifiedstandardequipmentspeed(r/min)filternetworkspecifications(accountsnumber)qualifiedstandard≥6000200Visualfilternetwork,eachsquarecentimetersrangewithinremainingofdirtrealnotthan3star<60001002,andwaterpipelinesystemdisinfection:drinkingwaterpipelinesysteminofficialdeliveredusingQianneededusedeachrosewaterinthecontaining20~mgoffreechlorineofwaterirrigationfullpipelinefordisinfection.Chlorine-containingwaterinthetubeshouldbeletstandfor24hoursormore.Afterdisinfection,rinsewithpotablewaterpiping,andsamplingbythehealthandepidemicpreventiondepartmentsafterpassinginspection,turnoffallvalvesandclosedallentrances,preventforeignbodiesfromentering.5.4.2.1drainagesystemdebuggingdebugging:debuggingsanitaryappliances,drainpumpdebugging,debuggingdebuggingserialdebuggingofdrainagesystemprojectcontents1debuggingaVisualinspectionforsanitaryappliancessanitaryappliances;fullwatertest,namelyaftertherelease,seenwhenwaterlevelexceedstheoverflowhole,smoothoverflowofwater;whenyoupullup 管内残土采用人工出土方式清出，施工时用鼓风机向管内输送新鲜空气，管口专人负责看守联络，以防发生危险。5、质量评定标准1）固定口防腐标准参照《埋地钢质管道塑化沥青防蚀带防腐层施工及验收方法》中的相关规定。2）管道内底高程偏差不大于0.5m，中心线位置偏差不大于管道夯入长度的1%且不大于0.5m，并符合规划部门的要求。3）当夯管结果超出上述规定时，应组织有关部门的人员对夯管质量进行评定，以套管的椭圆度不妨碍管道的穿入为合格。第五节临时用电1、本工程施工现场临时用电根据本标段施工用电的用电设施结合现场实际情况，电源由各水管站负责联系在所施工的村镇指定的电源接入点分别引至各生产生活区配电箱，供生产生活区及施工现场用电。施工现场临时用电实施三相五线制。施工现场的临时用电的配电箱，均采用铁板和优质的绝缘材料制作，且防雨雪防尘。总配电箱安装在靠近变压器附近的配电室内，分配电箱安装在施工现场用电相对集中的地方，根据本工程的施工特点，在临时用电现场处设置分配电箱一台，分配电箱以下设开关箱，每个施工现场的临时用电形成三级配电、四级保护。见下图配电箱一级分配电箱分配电箱分配电箱分配电箱分配电箱二级三级开关箱开关箱开关箱开关箱开关箱技术措施：（1）开关箱、配电箱装设端正、牢固，移动式配电箱、开关箱都设在牢固的支架上。（2）配电箱、开关箱的安装高度、下底与地面的垂直距离为1.4米。pressuredropnotshouldisgreaterthan0.02MPa,workpressureXiafullsystemnoleakage.2watersupplysysteminthewatersupplysystemequipment,accessoriesandwaterpressureandflowratetomeetthedesignrequirements,checkthecontrolequipmentandaccessories,equipmentleaks,damaged.5.4.1....FruitVisualshouldisfollowingstandard:flushqualifiedstandardequipmentspeed(r/min)filternetworkspecifications(accountsnumber)qualifiedstandard≥6000200Visualfilternetwork,eachsquarecentimetersrangewithinremainingofdirtrealnotthan3star<60001002,andwaterpipelinesystemdisinfection:drinkingwaterpipelinesysteminofficialdeliveredusingQianneededusedeachrosewaterinthecontaining20~mgoffreechlorineofwaterirrigationfullpipelinefordisinfection.Chlorine-containingwaterinthetubeshouldbeletstandfor24hoursormore.Afterdisinfection,rinsewithpotablewaterpiping,andsamplingbythehealthandepidemicpreventiondepartmentsafterpassinginspection,turnoffallvalvesandclosedallentrances,preventforeignbodiesfromentering.5.4.2.1drainagesystemdebuggingdebugging:debuggingsanitaryappliances,drainpumpdebugging,debuggingdebuggingserialdebuggingofdrainagesystemprojectcontents1debuggingaVisualinspectionforsanitaryappliancessanitaryappliances;fullwatertest,namelyaftertherelease,seenwhenwaterlevelexceedstheoverflowhole,smoothoverflowofwater;whenyoupullup （3）施工现场临时配电箱均标明名称、用途，并作出分路标记，配电箱门有锁，有专人管理。（4）配电箱、开关箱的周围能够满足二人同时工作的空隙和通道，不堆放任何防碍操作维修的物品。（5）开关箱内的漏电保护器选择符合国标GB6829-86《漏电电流动作保护器，剩余电流动作保护器》的要求。末级开关箱内的漏电开关其额定漏电动作电流不大于30mA，额定漏电动作时间不大于0.1S。为了保证在潮湿、涵洞的场所内施工人员的安全，开关箱内的漏电开关的额定漏电动作电流不大于15mA，额定漏电动作时间不大于0.1S。（6）、施工现场临时用电的接地与防雷现场用电包括生产用电和生活用电。其中生活用电主要是照明用电，生产用电包括各种生产设施用电2、临时用电安全防护措施非电工不得乱拉电线，过路电缆采取穿钢管、埋沟等安全防护措施，严禁裸露地表，严禁车辆碾压。临时用电建立对现场的线路设施的定期检查制度，并将检查检验记录存档备案。施工机具、车辆及人员与内外线路保持安全距离，达不到规范规定的最小距离时，采取埋地敷设的防护措施。使用手动电动工具戴好绝缘手套，穿绝缘鞋，工具的电源线、插头、插座应完好。pressuredropnotshouldisgreaterthan0.02MPa,workpressureXiafullsystemnoleakage.2watersupplysysteminthewatersupplysystemequipment,accessoriesandwaterpressureandflowratetomeetthedesignrequirements,checkthecontrolequipmentandaccessories,equipmentleaks,damaged.5.4.1....FruitVisualshouldisfollowingstandard:flushqualifiedstandardequipmentspeed(r/min)filternetworkspecifications(accountsnumber)qualifiedstandard≥6000200Visualfilternetwork,eachsquarecentimetersrangewithinremainingofdirtrealnotthan3star<60001002,andwaterpipelinesystemdisinfection:drinkingwaterpipelinesysteminofficialdeliveredusingQianneededusedeachrosewaterinthecontaining20~mgoffreechlorineofwaterirrigationfullpipelinefordisinfection.Chlorine-containingwaterinthetubeshouldbeletstandfor24hoursormore.Afterdisinfection,rinsewithpotablewaterpiping,andsamplingbythehealthandepidemicpreventiondepartmentsafterpassinginspection,turnoffallvalvesandclosedallentrances,preventforeignbodiesfromentering.5.4.2.1drainagesystemdebuggingdebugging:debuggingsanitaryappliances,drainpumpdebugging,debuggingdebuggingserialdebuggingofdrainagesystemprojectcontents1debuggingaVisualinspectionforsanitaryappliancessanitaryappliances;fullwatertest,namelyaftertherelease,seenwhenwaterlevelexceedstheoverflowhole,smoothoverflowofwater;whenyoupullup 配电采用三相五线制的接零线保护方式，其他项目也采取相应的接零接地保护方式。3、水压试验(1)水压试验在管道验收合格，包封混凝土达到设计强度的100%，包封外土方回填至与包封顶齐平后再进行。(2)试验压力：不小于管道工作压力的1.5倍，且不低于0.8MPa。(3)管道的试压堵头(盲板)有足够的安全系数，并根据实际情况设置必要的临时后背。试压时严禁使用阀门挡水。(4)试压前，对试压设备、压力表(精度1.5级，刻度上限为试验压力的1.5倍)、连接管、排气管、进水管及管件进行详细检查，必须保持系统的严密性并排尽试验管道内空气。对试验管道的堵头板、弯头及三通等处的支撑牢固度也要详细检查。(5)管道灌满水后在不大于工作压力的条件下濅泡24小时后进行水压试验。(6)将试压管道内的水压降至大气压，并持续60min,期间确保空气不进入管道，(7)缓慢地将管道内水压升至试验压力，并稳压30min。期间如有压力下降可注水补压，但不能高于试验压力，检查管道接口、配件等处有无渗漏现象。(8)停止注水补压并稳定60min,当60min后压力下降不超过试验压力的70%时，试验工作结束(8)试验结束后，立即排除管道内的水，填写试压记录，经有关人员签字后，妥为保存。(9)闭水试验结束排除管道内的水后，用清水和漂白粉进行消毒冲洗管道。pressuredropnotshouldisgreaterthan0.02MPa,workpressureXiafullsystemnoleakage.2watersupplysysteminthewatersupplysystemequipment,accessoriesandwaterpressureandflowratetomeetthedesignrequirements,checkthecontrolequipmentandaccessories,equipmentleaks,damaged.5.4.1....FruitVisualshouldisfollowingstandard:flushqualifiedstandardequipmentspeed(r/min)filternetworkspecifications(accountsnumber)qualifiedstandard≥6000200Visualfilternetwork,eachsquarecentimetersrangewithinremainingofdirtrealnotthan3star<60001002,andwaterpipelinesystemdisinfection:drinkingwaterpipelinesysteminofficialdeliveredusingQianneededusedeachrosewaterinthecontaining20~mgoffreechlorineofwaterirrigationfullpipelinefordisinfection.Chlorine-containingwaterinthetubeshouldbeletstandfor24hoursormore.Afterdisinfection,rinsewithpotablewaterpiping,andsamplingbythehealthandepidemicpreventiondepartmentsafterpassinginspection,turnoffallvalvesandclosedallentrances,preventforeignbodiesfromentering.5.4.2.1drainagesystemdebuggingdebugging:debuggingsanitaryappliances,drainpumpdebugging,debuggingdebuggingserialdebuggingofdrainagesystemprojectcontents1debuggingaVisualinspectionforsanitaryappliancessanitaryappliances;fullwatertest,namelyaftertherelease,seenwhenwaterlevelexceedstheoverflowhole,smoothoverflowofwater;whenyoupullup'