hjt75-2007 固定污染源烟气排放连续监测技术规范(英文版)

'GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.Thiselectronicversionisforpublication.PleasetaketheformaltextpublishedbyChinaEnvironmentalSciencesPressasthestandard.HJStandardofStateEnvironmentalProtectionAdministrationHJ/T76-2007SubstituteofHJ/T76-2001SpecificationsandTestProceduresforContinuousEmissionMonitoringSystemsofFlueGasEmittedfromStationarySources(ontrial)(PublicationVersion)thstIssuedonJuly12,2007ImplementedonAugust1,2007IssuedbyStateEnvironmentalProtectionAdministration GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.PrefaceInordertoimplementEnvironmentalProtectionLawofthePeople’sRepublicofChinaandLawofthePeople"sRepublicofChinaonthePreventionandControlofAtmosphericPollution,andmonitorpollutantsemittedfromstationarysourcesofair,thisstandardishereinstipulated.Thestandardhasspecifiedthemaintechnicalindices,testitems,testproceduresandqualityassurancemeasurestakenintestforcontinuousemissionmonitoringsystemoffluegasfromstationarysources.Thecontinuousemissionmonitoringsystemoffluegaswithinthenationalenvironmentalmonitoringnetworkshallmeettherequirementsofthisstandard.ThefollowingrevisionsforSpecificationsandTestProceduresforContinuousEmissionMonitoringSystemsofFlueGasEmittedfromStationarySources(HJ/T76-2001)havebeenmadeinthisstandard:modificationofpartialtechnicalindicesofcontinuousmonitoringsystemforparticulatesandcontinuousmeasuringsystemforflowrates;furtherdefinitionoftestproceduresofcorrelationcoefficientincontinuousmonitoringsystemforparticulates;supplementoftechnicalindicesoffluegasparametersandtechnicalrequirementsforcontinuousemissionmonitoringsystemoffluegasduringitsrunningperiodof90days.Initsdraftingcourse,thisstandardhasreferredtotheoverseastechnicalstandards,technicalindicesofcontinuousmonitoringsystemsofsomemanufacturersbothathomeandabroadandstandardsofenterprises.Thestandardwillcomeintoeffectfromthedateofimplementation.AndtheSpecificationsandTestProceduresforContinuousEmissionMonitoringSystemsofFlueGasEmittedfromStationarySources(HJ/T76-2001)hastobeabandoned.Thestandardisaguidancestandard.ThestandardisputforwardbyDepartmentofScience,TechnologyandStandardsofStateEnvironmentalProtectionAdministration.Themaindraftersofthestandard:GeneralEnvironmentalMonitoringStationofChina,ShanghaiEnvironmentalMonitoringCentre,InformationCenterofStateEnvironmentalProtectionAdministration.ThestandardwasapprovedbyStateEnvironmentalProtectionAdministrationonJulyth12,2007.stThestandardhasbeenimplementedfromAugust1,2007.ThestandardshallbeexplainedbyStateEnvironmentalProtectionAdministration. GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.Contents1ApplicableScope·······································································································(1)2NormativeReferences·······························································································(1)3TermsandDefinitions································································································(1)4StructureandDescriptionofContinuousMonitoringSystem··································(4)5TechnicalRequirements····························································································(4)6InstallationofContinuousMonitoringSystemandItsMeasuringPositions············(8)7SamplingPositionsandSamplingPointsforReferenceMethod····························(9)8TestProceduresforMainTechnicalIndicesofContinuousMonitoringSystem······(10)9QualityAssurance······································································································(19)10TestofAdaptability·····································································································(23)11TestItems···················································································································(23)AppendixAAttachedTable·····················································································(27)AppendixBDeterminationoffluegasparametersandrequirementsofconversionofpollutantconcentrationandcalculationoffluegasparameters········(28)AppendixCEmbodimentaboutcalibrationofparticulatesbyreferencemethodwww.bzfxw.com····································································································································(32)AppendixDDetermineconcentrationsofSO2andNOXemittedfromstationarypollutantsource——instrumentanalysismethod····································(38) GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.1.ApplicableScopeThisstandardhasspecifiedCEMS’smaintechnicalindices,testitems,testprocedures,andqualityassurancemeasurestakenintest.Thisstandardisadaptabletomonitorthefluegasparametersofstationarysources,particulatesinfluegas,concentrationsofSO2andNOX,andCEMSoftotalemission.2.NormativeReferencesTheprovisionsinthefollowingdocumentsarereferredtobythisstandard.Alleditionswithoutanydateindicationarevalidandapplicableforthisstandard.GB/T16157-1996Measurementsofparticulatesinfluegasemittedfromstationarysourcesandsamplingmethodforgaseouspollutants.HJ/T212-2005TransmissionStandardofon-lineauto-monitoringsystemforpollutionsources.HJ/T75-2007Codeforcontinuousemissionmonitoringtechniquesoffluegasemittedfromstationarysources.3.TermsandDefinitionsParticulatesParticulatesdenotesolidandliquidgranularsubstancessuspendedinliquidsandfluegasgeneratedinburning,synthesis,decompositionoffuelsandothersubstancesandintreatmentofvariousmaterials.Gaseouspollutantswww.bzfxw.comGaseouspollutantsdenotevariouspollutantsdispersedinfluegasesinagaseousform.DryfluegasinstandardconditionsDryfluegasinstandardconditionsdenotesthefluegas,freeofmoistureat273Kandunderthepressureof101325Pa.Continuousemissionmonitoring,CEMPollutantsemittedformstationarysourcesarecontinuouslymeasuredbyreal-timetracingwithtotalmeasuringhoursforeachstationarysourcenotlessthan75%oftotalrunninghoursofboilersandkilnsandfurnaces;measuringtimeeachhourisnotlessthan45min.ContinuousEmissionMonitoringSystem,CEMSItincludesalltheequipmentanddevicesrequiredforcontinuousmeasurementsofconcentrationsofparticulatesandgaseouspollutantsandtheiremissionrates;itisgenerallycomposedofthreesub-systemsofsampling,testinganddatacollectionandprocessing.Samplingsystem:collectionandtransportationoffluegasorisolationoffluegasfromthetestingsystem.Testingsystem:measuringpollutants,anddisplayingphysicalquantityor1 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.concentrationsofpollutants.Datacollectionandprocessingsystem:datacollectionandprocessing,generatingchartsorreportforms,andhavingcontrollingandautooperationfunctions.PointCEMSItdenotesaCEMSformeasurementatapointoncrosssectionofgasflueorduct,oralongthepathequaltoorlessthan10%ofdiameterofcrosssection.PathCEMSCEMSformeasurementsalongthepathequaltoorgreaterthan10%ofdiameterofcrosssectionofthegasflueorductFullscaleThemaximummeasurementvalueissetforCEMSbasedonthepracticalrequirements,usually1-2timeshigherthanthemaximumemissionconcentrationfromtheemissionsources.ZerodriftDeviationbetweenthereadingsofinstrumentandzeroinputafterCEMSrunsforaspecifiedtimeunderthepremiseofmaintenance,repairoradjustmentscheduled.SpandriftDeviationbetweenthereadingsofinstrumentandknownreferencevalueafterCEMSrunsforaspecifiedtimeunderthepremiseofmaintenance,repairoradjustmentscheduled.Responsetimewww.bzfxw.comThetimerequiredwhenthevaluedisplayedreachesthe90%ofstabilizedvalue.CentroidalareaGeometricallycentralareaincrosssectionofthegasflueorductwithitsareanotgreaterthan1%ofareaofthecrosssectionofthegasflueorduct.PretestpreparationperiodThenormalrunningtimeofCEMSrequired(notlessthan168h)underthepremiseofmaintenance,repairoradjustmentscheduled,beforetestingtheCEMStechnicalindices.TestperiodTherunningtimerequiredfortestingCEMStechnicalindicesunderthepremiseofmaintenance,repairoradjustmentscheduled(initialtestnotlessthan168h).RetestperiodRunningtimerequiredforretestingCEMStechnicalindicesaftertheinstrumentcontinuouslyrunsfor90daysuponthequalificationoftestingCEMStechnicalindices(notlessthan24h);unscheduledmaintenance,repairoradjustmentarenotallowedintheretestperiod.ReferencemethodAstandardmethodissuedbythestateorindustry.CorrelationAcurveforestablishingcorrelationbetweenphysicalquantityofparticulatesrendered2 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.byCEMSandconcentrationofparticulatesmeasuredwithareferencemethod.DatacollectionandParticulateCEMSprocessingsystemmonitoringsystemStationarysourceParticulatemeasuringinstrumentZeroingandstandardizationSub-systemforfluegasparametersFluegastemperatureTemperaturetransmittermeasuringinstrumentFormatted:Font:(Asian)宋体,(Asian)FluegaspressurePressureChinese(PRC)transmittermeasuringinstrumentFlueflowrateFlowratetransmittermeasuringinstrumentInputFluehumidityHumidityhumidityquantitytransmittermeasuringinstrumentDataprocessingandremotecommunicationsystemOxygencontentOxygentransmittermeasuringinstrumentDatacollectionandcontrolsystemorCO2contentCO2transmittermeasuringinstrumentPrintingGaseouspollutantCEMSFullDisplayingGaseousGaseousextractionmethodpollutantsamplerpollutantanalyzerBlankandstandardizedgasFluegasorFormatted:Font:9ptpretreatmentdeviceGascontrollerDilutingDatamonitoringcenterextractionmethodGaseousGaseouspollutantsamplerpollutantanalyzerBlankandstandardizedDilutegasgasDirectmeasuringGaseouspollutantmethodFormatted:Font:9.5pt,Fontcolor:AutoanalyzerBlank,standardizedgasorcalibrationunit????InputatmosphericAtmosphericpressureAtmosphericpressurepressureFormatted:Font:9pttransmittermeasuringinstrument…………denotesanymeasuringinstrumentofgasparametersandgaseouspollutantCEMSFig.4-1SchematicdrawingofcontinuousemissionmonitoringsystemforfluegasRelativeaccuracySeveraldatapairsarecomposedofmeasuringresultsofsynchronouslymeasuring3 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.concentrationsofgaseouspollutantsinfluegasatthesametimeintervalswithareferencemethodandCEMSmethod.Therelativeaccuracyisaratioofsumofabsolutevalueoftheaverageofdifferencesofthedatapairsandcoefficientofconfidencetotheaverageofdatameasuredwiththereferencemethod.VelocityfieldcoefficientAratioofaverageflowrateoffluegasrunningthroughacrosssectionofthegasflueorductmeasuredwithareferencemethodtoanaverageflowrateofthefluegasmeasuredatafixedpointormeasuringlineofthesamecrosssectionordifferentcrosssection.4.StructureandDescriptionofContinuousMonitoringSystemTheCEMSforfluegasemittedfromstationarysourcesiscomposedofaCEMSforparticulatesand/oraCEMSforgaseouspollutants(containingO2orCO2)andasub-systemforfluegasparameters(seeFig.4-1).Itisusedtomeasuretheconcentrationsofpollutantsinfluegasviasamplingmodeandnon-samplingmode,aswellasthetemperature,pressure,flowrateorflow,andhumidity(orhumidityininputfluegas),oxygencontent(orCO2content)inthefluegas,calculatetheemissionrateandquantityofpollutantsinfluegas,anddisplayandprintvariousparametersandchartswhicharethentransferredtothemanagementdepartmentviaafacsimiletransmissionsystem.5.TechnicalRequirementsAppearancerequirementItshallbeprovidedwithCMCmarkformanufactureofthemeasuringdevices(certificatesissuedbythequalityandtechnologysupervisiondivisionofourcountryformeasuringdevicesarerequiredforimportedproducts)andproductnameplateonwhichthename,modelnumber,manufacturer,ex-factoryNo.,anddateofmanufactureoftheinstrumentsordevicesshallbeallindicated.Itshallbereliablewithconnectionsamongeachpartoftheinstrumentwithnoapparentdefectsonitssurface.Itisflexibleforoperationalbuttonsandcorrectforpositioning.Itisclearforgraduatesandnumberswithitsfirmlyattachmentofcolorsonscaleofdisplayoftheinstrumentandwithnodefectinreadings.Shelloroutercoveroftheinstrumentshallbefeaturedasanti-corrosion,goodseal,andpreventionofdustandwater.EnvironmentalconditionsItcannormallyworkunderthefollowingconditions:a.environmentaltemperature:-20-45℃;b.relativehumidity:≤90%;c.atmosphericpressure:86–106kPa;d.fluegastemperature:<260℃.PowervoltageAC220V±10%,frequency50Hz.SafetyrequirementsInsulationresistancebetweenpowerlineoftheinstrumentandcasingat10-35℃and4 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.relativehumidity≤85%shallnotbelessthan20MΩ.Theinstrumentshallbeequippedwithanearthleakageprotectiondevicetoavoidelectricshock.Theinstrumentshallbewellgroundedsoastopreventtheinstrumentfromdamagebylightningstroke.CalibrationTheinstrumentshallbecalibratedmanuallyorautomaticallyforzerodriftandspandrift.PurificationTheinstrumentshallbeprovidedwithapurificationsystemtopreventtheopticallensandsensorinsertedingasflueorductfrompollutionbyfluegas;thepurificationsystemcanovercomethepressureofthefluegas,andkeeptheopticallensandsensorinsertedingasflueorductclean.DatacollectionandprocessingTheinstrumentpossessesfunctionsofrecording,storing,displaying,dataprocessing,andoutputting,printing,faultalarming,safetymanagementanddataandfacsimiletransmission.TheinstrumentshallbesetupwithanyinterfaceinRS232,RS422andRS485.TheCEMSforparticulatesshallhavefunctionsofdisplayandstorageforprimaryphysicalquantity.DatacollectioncontrollerDatacollectionandcontrolAfunctionofdatacollectionandcontroloftheinstrumentcancoordinatethetimesequenceofthewholesystem,recordthemeasureddataanddataofrunningconditionsoftheinstrumentuponwhichtherunningstateoftheinstrumentcanbediagnosedandamarkforthediagnosedstatewillbegivenfollowingthemeasureddata(“P”─powersupplyfault,“F”─stoprunningofemissionsource,“C”─calibration,“M”─maintenance,“O”─exceedingtheemissionstandard,“Md”─missingdata,“T”─overupperlimitofmeasurement,“D”─instrumentfault).Theinstrumentwillgeneratealarminginformationifitisinanabnormalcondition.Theinstrumentwillgeneratealarminginformationofexceedingthestandardwhentheslidingaverageofthemonitoringdatawithin1h(aslideatevery15min)exceedstheemissionstandard.DatastorageDatacollectioncontrolleroftheinstrumentcanensuretostoretheoriginaldata,enablingtotransmitallkindsofinformationcollectedautomaticallyoraccordingtoinstructiontothecontrollingcenter.DocumentmanagementTheinstrumentshallbeabletostoreandbackupdatafilesandautomaticallygeneratereportsofoperationparameters,data,linepowerfailurerecord,andoperationrecord,etc.InterfacesTheinterfacesoftheinstrumentshallhaveexpansionfunctionwithmodulardesign,5 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.configuredwithsingle,dualormultiplepaths,basedontherequirementsofapplication.SafetymanagementTheinstrumentshallbeavailablewithasafetymanagementfunction,worknumberandpasswordwillberequiredifoperatorwantstolog-in,suchthathe/shecanaccessthecontrollinginterface,alloperationwillbeautomaticallyrecordedandfiled-upbythesystem.Thesystemshallhavethesecondarylimitofauthorityforoperations.a.Administrator:canmakeallkindsofsystemsettingsuchassettingpasswordsforoperators,operationalclass,andconfigurationforallinstallations.b.Generaloperators:canonlymakeroutinemaintenancesandoperations,unabletochangethesettingofsystem.Auto-resumingfunctioninabnormalsituationThesystemshallautomaticallystart,andresumetheoperationconditionsandrecordthetimeofpowerfailureandtimeofresumingrunningifthesystemwasmetwithastronginterferencefromtheoutsideoraccidentorpowerfailureandresumedlateron.ThedatacollectionmodulesshallbeensuredwithaUPSunitwhichcantransmitinformationonpowerfailureintimetoanupstreamdevice.DataprocessinganddatacommunicationDatacommunicationTheinstrumentshallhavedatacommunicationfunctionwhichcanperiodicallycollectavarietyofinformationtransmittedfromeachdatacollectoron-site,andhandle,storeanddisplayalarminginformationandrelevantdata.Theinstrumentisprovidedwithfunctionofnetworkaccess,whichcantransmitdataandchartstorelevantsectionsinspecifiedtimeandconsultthedatatherebyatanytime.Itcantransmittiminginstructiontimelyandcorrecttheclock.ThetransmissionprotocolshallmeettherequirementofHJ/T212-2005.DatainquiryandretrievalItcandisplaytheworkingconditions,setconditionalinquiryanddisplayhistoricaldata,printalarminginformationandvariouscharts,displayonrealtimeemissiondataofpollutantsandrelevantfluegasparameters.Theinstrumentenablestoacquireanaccumulatedaverageevery10s,displayandprintmeasureddataatintervalof1minand15min,generatehourly(atleast45minofvaliddata),daily(atleast18hofvaliddata)andmonthly(atleast22dofvaliddata)reportsinwhichmaximum,minimum,averageandnumberofsampleswillbegiven.Theformatofreportingisshownintheattachedtables1-3.CalculationofconcentrationsofpollutantsandemissionrateTheinstrumentshallhavefunctionofcalculatingconcentrationsofpollutantsandemissionrate.ThemethodsofconversionandcalculationareshowninAppendixB.MaintechnicalindicesofCEMSThefollowingtestingdataforeachtechnicalindexareusedfromthefinaldisplayingandrecordingresultsofdataprocessingandtransmissionunitsofCEMS.MaintechnicalindicesofCEMSforparticulates6 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.Measuringrange:theupperlimitofmeasuringrangeshallcomplywiththerequirementofClause3.8whentheinstrumentissetwithonelevelofmeasurements;thelowestupper3limitofthemeasuringrangeshallnotexceed500mg/miftheinstrumentissetwithseverallevelsofmeasurements.Zerodrift:thezerodriftwithin24hdoesnotexceed±2.0%ofthefullscaleofmeasuringrange.Spandrift:thespandriftwithin24hdoesnotexceed±2.0%ofthefullscaleofmeasuringrange.CorrelationLinearcalibrationcurveshallmeetthefollowingconditions:①Correlationcoefficient:correlationcoefficient≥0.85(whenupperlimitofthe3measuringrangeislowerthanorequalto50mg/m,thecorrelationcoefficient≥0.75).②Confidenceinterval:95%confidencelevelshallbewithintheintervalcomposedoftwostraightlinesinthecalibrationcurvecorrespondingto±10%ofconcentrationlimitsofemittedparticulates.③Permissibleinterval:shallhave95%confidencelevel,namely75%ofmeasuredvaluesshallbewithintheintervalcomposedontwostraightlinesinthecalibrationcurvecorrespondingto±25%ofconcentrationlimitsofemittedparticulates.AccuracyRetestshallmeetthefollowingrequirement:Whenemissionconcentrationofparticulatesmeasuredwithareferencemethod3a.≤50mg/m,theabsoluteerrorofaverageofthemeasuredresultsbyCEMSmethod3andreferencemethodshallnotexceed15mg/m;33b.>50mg/m-≤100mg/m,therelativeerrorofaverageofthemeasuredresultsbyCEMSmethodandreferencemethodshallnotexceed±25%;33c.>100mg/m-≤200mg/m,therelativeerrorofaverageofthemeasuredresultsbyCEMSmethodandreferencemethodshallnotexceed±20%;3d.>200mg/m,therelativeerrorofaverageofthemeasuredresultsbyCEMSmethodandreferencemethodshallnotexceed±15%.MaintechnicalindicesofCEMSforgaseouspollutants(includingO2orCO2)Linearerror:therelativeerrorofmeasuredvaluesbyCEMSandreferencemethodshallnotexceed±5%ifcheckedwithalow,mediumandhighconcentrationofstandardgases.Responsetime:≯200s.Zerodrift:zerodriftdoesnotexceed±2.5%offullrangewithin24h.Spandrift:spandriftdoesnotexceed±2.5%offullrangewithin24h.Relativeaccuracy:WhenaverageconcentrationofSO2andNOXinfluegasmeasuredwithareferencemethod:33a.≥250μmol/mol(theconcentrationsofSO2,NOandNO2are715mg/m,335mg/m3and513mg/mrespectively),therelativeaccuracydoesnotexceed15%.7 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.33b.<250μmol/mol(theconcentrationsofSO2,NOandNO2are715mg/m,335mg/m3and513mg/mrespectively),theabsolutevalueofdifferenceoftheaveragedresultsmeasuredbyreferencemethodandCEMSshallbenotgreaterthan3320μmol/mol(theconcentrationsofSO2,NOandNO2are57mg/m,27mg/mand341mg/mrespectively);33c.<50μmol/mol(theconcentrationsofSO2,NOandNO2are143mg/m,67mg/m3and103mg/mrespectively),theabsolutevalueofdifferenceoftheaveragedresultsmeasuredbyreferencemethodandCEMSshallbenotgreaterthan3315μmol/mol(theconcentrationsofSO2,NOandNO2are43mg/m,20mg/mand331mg/mrespectively).MaintechnicalindicesofcontinuousmeasuringsystemforflowrateMeasuringrange:upperlimitofmeasuringrangeshallbenotlowerthan30m/s.Precisionofvelocityfieldcoefficient:betterthan5%.Relativeerrorofvelocity:whenflowrate>10m/s,therelativeerrorofvelocitydoesnotexceed±10%;whenflowrate≤10m/s,therelativeerrorofvelocitydoesnotexceed±12%.MaintechnicalindicesofcontinuousmeasuringsystemfortemperatureDeviationofdisplayingvalueisnotgreaterthan±3℃.MaintechnicalindicesofcontinuousmeasuringsystemforhumidityWhenmoisturecontentinfluegasismeasuredwithO2sensorCalculatedfromoxygencontentinfluegasmeasuredwithoxygensensor,itshallcomplywiththetechnicalindicesofcontinuousmeasuringsystemforoxygen.Whenmoisturecontentinfluegasiscontinuouslymeasuredwithhumiditysensor:Whenmoisturecontentinfluegasmeasuredwithareferencemethod:a.≤5.0%,theabsolutevalueoftheaveragedresultsmeasuredbyCEMSandreferencemethodshallbenotgreaterthan±1.5%;b.>5.0%,therelativeerroroftheaveragedresultsmeasuredbyCEMSandreferencemethodshallbenotgreaterthan±25%.6.InstallationofCEMSandItsMeasuringPosition6.1RequirementforinstallationofCEMSforparticulatesanditsmeasuringpositionInstallationofCEMSforparticulatesanditsmeasuringpositionACEMSforparticulatesshallbeinstalledatapositionwhereitcanrepresenttheemissionconditionofparticulates,closingtoasamplingholebythereferencemethodasmuchaspossibleinthepremisethatitdoesnotinterferethesamplingwiththereferencemethod.Detailofinstallationisgivenasfollows:6.1.1.1GeneralrequirementsItshallbesatisfiedwithgeneralspecificationinClause6.1ofHJ/T75-2007.InstallationpositionItshallbesatisfiedwithgeneralspecificationinClause6.2.2ofHJ/T75-2007.MeasuringpointofCEMSforpointmeasurementItshallbesatisfiedwithspecificationinClause6.2.9ofHJ/T75-2007.8 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.MeasuringpointofCEMSforpathmeasurementItshallbesatisfiedwithspecificationinClause6.2.10ofHJ/T75-2007.RequirementforinstallationofCEMSforgaseouspollutants(includingO2andhumidity)anditsmeasuringpositionGeneralrequirementsItshallbelocatedinhomogeneouslymixedpositionofgaseouspollutantsatwhichthemeasuredconcentrationofgaseouspollutantsandemissionvelocitycanrepresenttheemissionfromthestationarysources.Itshallclosetoasamplingholeforreferencemethodasmuchaspossibleinthepremisethatitdoesnotinterferethesamplingwiththereferencemethod.ItisthesametoClause6.1.8ofHJ/T75-2007.InstallationpositionItshallbesatisfiedwithspecificationinClause6.2.2ofHJ/T75-2007concerningtheCEMSforgaseouspollutants.6.2.3Measuringposition6.2.3.1MeasuringpointforCEMSforpointmeasurementItshallbesatisfiedwithspecificationinClause6.2.9ofHJ/T75-2007concerningtheCEMSforgaseouspollutants.6.2.3.2MeasuringpointforCEMSforpathmeasurementItshallbesatisfiedwithspecificationinClause6.2.10ofHJ/T75-2007concerningtheCEMSforgaseouspollutants.Installationofcontinuousmeasuringsystemforfluegasparameters(includingflowrate,temperature,pressure)anditsmeasuringposition.GeneralrequirementsInstallationpositionshallbeabletorepresenttheconditionsofwholecrosssection,butitdoesnotinfluencethemeasurementofparticulatesandgaseouspollutantswithCEMS.MeasuringpositionContinuousmeasuringsystemforflowratewithpointmeasurementItshallbesatisfiedwithspecificationinClause6.2.9ofHJ/T75-2007concerningthecontinuousmeasurementsystemforfluegasparameters.ContinuousmeasuringsystemforflowratewithpathmeasurementItshallbesatisfiedwithspecificationinClause6.2.10ofHJ/T75-2007concerningthecontinuousmeasurementsystemforfluegasparameters.7.SamplingPositionsandSamplingPointsforReferenceMethod7.1Referencemethodformeasuringparticulatesandfluegasparameters(includingflowrate,temperatureandpressure).7.1.1SamplingpositionSamplingpositionisthesametoClause4.2.1ofGB/T16157-1996.ThesamplingpositionisnotcoincidentwithameasuringpositionofCEMSforparticulates,butcloseto9 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.eachotherasmuchaspossibleinthepreconditionofnotinterferingthemeasurements.7.1.2PositionofsamplingpointandsamplingnumberItshallrefertoClause4.2.4ofGB/T16157-1996.7.2Referencemethodformeasuringgaseouspollutants(includingO2andhumidity)7.2.1SamplingpositionItisthesametoClause6.2.2,butnotcoincidentwiththemeasuringpositionwithCEMSforgaseouspollutants.7.2.1.1Positionofsamplingpointandsamplingnumber7.1.2.1WhenthereferencemethodiscomparedtoCEMSmethodforgaseouspollutantswithpointmeasurement,onlyonesamplingpointissetup,whichisclosetoanareaforCEMSsensorasmuchaspossible.7.1.2.2WhenthereferencemethodiscomparedtoCEMSmethodforgaseouspollutantswithpathmeasurement,onlyonesamplingpointissetup,whichisclosetoacentralareaofmeasuringpathforCEMSsensorasmuchaspossible.8.TestProceduresforMainTechnicalIndicesofCEMS8.1Generalrequirements8.1.1Commissioning8.1.1.1AftercompletinginstallationandinitialcommissioningofCEMSonsite,CEMSisthenputintooperationwithtimeforcommissioningnotlessthan168h.8.1.1.2Besidestimeneededfortestingzeroingandcalibrationofrangeofinstrumentduringtheperiodofcommissioning,anyunscheduledmaintenance,repairandadjustmentforinstrumentarenotallowed.8.1.1.3Checkingzeroingandcalibratingrangeshallbeconductedeveryday,whendriftisoverthespecifiedvalueitshalladjusttheinstrument.8.1.1.4Ifcommissioningwasinterruptedbyfailureofemissionsourceorpowersupply,itshallresumethecommissioningaftertheemissionsourceorpowersupplyisrecoveredsuchthattheaccumulatedrunningtimeforcommissioningwillbenotlessthan168h.8.1.1.5IfcommissioningwasinterruptedbyfailureofECMS,itwillrestartcommissioningfor168hrunningtimeafterCEMSisrecoveredtoanormalcondition.8.1.2Testing8.1.2.1Testwillbeperformedaftertheinstrumentrunsnormallyfor168h.Thetestingperiodmaynotbefollowedbycommissioningperiod.Thetestingperiodshallbenotlessthan168h.8.1.2.2Besidestimeneededfortestingzeroingandcalibrationofrangeofinstrumentduringcommissioning,anyunscheduledmaintenance,repairandadjustmentforinstrumentarenotallowed.8.1.2.3Anytimecanbesetup(withintervalof24h)toautomaticallyadjustzeropointandcalibratetherangeofmeasurement.8.1.2.4Ifcommissioningwasinterruptedbyfailureofemissionsourceorpowersupply,itshallresumethecommissioningaftertheemissionsourceorpowersupplyisrecovered10 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.suchthattheaccumulatedrunningtimeforcommissioningisnotlessthan168h.8.1.2.5IfcommissioningwasinterruptedbyfailureofECMS,itwillrestartcommissioningfor168hrunningtimeafterCEMSisrecoveredtoanormalcondition.8.1.3Retesting8.1.3.1Retestingresumesaftertheinstrumenthascontinuouslyrunfor90daysiftestingtechnicalindicesofCEMSisqualified.Theretestingperiodisnotshorterthan24h.8.1.3.2Thesametoclasses8.1.2.2and8.1.2.3.8.1.3.3Ifcommissioningwasinterruptedbyfailureofemissionsourceorpowersupply,itshallresumeretestfor24haftertheemissionsourceorpowersupplyisrecovered.8.1.3.4Ifcommissioningwasinterruptedbyfailureofpowersupply,itshallresumeretestfor24hafterthepowersupplyisrecovered.8.1.490daysofrunning8.1.4.1ServiceisgiventoCEMSintestasperthequalityassuranceandqualitycontrolplandeliveredandremotetransmittheCEMSdataasspecified.8.1.4.2RecordrunningofCEMS,unscheduledmaintenance,repairandadjustmentarenotallowed.8.2TestofmaintechnicalindicesofCEMSforparticulates8.2.1ZerodriftandspandriftWhentestingperiodstarts,zeroingandrangeofinstrumentshallbemanuallyorautomaticallycalibrated,recordingtheinitialsimulatedreadingsofzeropointandrange.Thezeropointandrangeshallbemeasuredandrecorded(manuallyorautomatically)every24h(seeattachedtable4);followedbycalibrationofzeropointandrangeoftheinstrumentandrecordreadingsofzeropointandrangeforconsecutive168h(7days).Calculatezerodriftandspandriftaccordingtoformulas(1)-(4).a.Zerodrift:ΔZ=Zi-Z0······································(1)Zd=ΔZmax/R×100%···················(2)wherein:Z0─initialreadingofzeropoint;thZi─zeropointattheireading;Zd─zerodrift;ΔZ─absoluteerrorofzerodrift;ΔZmax-maximumabsoluteerrorofzerodrift;R─fullrangeofinstrument.b.Spandrift:ΔS=Si-S0·····································(3)Sd=ΔSmax/R×100%··················(4)wherein:S0─initialreadingofrange;thSi─rangeoftheireading;Sd-spandriftΔS-absoluteerrorofspandrift;11 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.ΔSmax-maximumabsoluteerrorofspandrift;8.2.2Relevantcalibration8.2.2.1Duringtheperiodoftesting,itshallfairlyconsiderprocessoperationforemissionsourcesand/orpurificationfacilities,samplingprocessbyreferencemethodandCEMSforparticulates;forexample,itmustensureprocessoperationunderobjectiveconditionandthenormaloperationofCEMSforparticulates,aswellasthedatacollectionandprocessingsystem.1)CoordinatethetimetostartandstoptheCEMSoperationforparticulatesandsamplingprocessbyreferencemethod,forCEMSforparticulatesofdiscontinuoussampling,thesamplingwithreferencemethodshallstartatthesametimeofsamplingforCEMSforparticulates.2)Markintheattachedtable6andrecordthetimethatchangedthesamplingholeforreferencemethodandthetimethatsuspendedthereferencemethodsoastoadjusttheCEMSdataforparticulatesaccordingly(ifnecessarily).8.2.2.2IfthereferencemethodandCEMSareconductedsimultaneously,CEMSwillrecordanaccumulatedvalueeveryminutewhichformsadatapairwithitsaveragedvaluetogetherwithvaluesmeasuredwithreferencemethodatthesametimeinterval.Atleast15pairsofvalidtestingdatapairshavetobeachieved.1)Whendatapairsforrelevantcalibrationaremorethan15,somedatapairscanbeabandoned.2)Explanationfor5pairsofdataabandoneddoesnotberequired.3)Explanationformorethan5pairsofdataabandonedmustbegiven.4)Alldatamustbereportedincludingabandoneddatapairs.8.2.2.3Ensuringproperdistributionscopeofdatatestedforrelevantcalibration.1)Concentrationofparticulateshavingthreedifferentrangesofdistributioncanbeachievedthroughchangeofprocessconditions,operationparametersofcontrollingdevicesforparticulatesorstandardadditioninparticulates.2)Concentrationofparticulatesinthreedifferentlevelsshallbewithinthewholerangeofmeasurement.3)Atleast20%ofmeasureddatainallvaliddatapairsofmeasurementshallbewithineachrangeasfollows:a)Range1:maximumconcentrationofparticulatesmeasuredinarangebetween0-50%;b)Range2:maximumconcentrationofparticulatesmeasuredinarangebetween25-75%;c)Range3:maximumconcentrationofparticulatesmeasuredinarangebetween50-100%.8.2.2.4Conversionofresultsmeasuredwithreferencemethodtomeasuringconditionfor3CEMS(i.e.:mg/m,practicalvolume).8.2.2.5Calculationofcorrelation12 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.1)CalculationbeforecorrelationMeasuredvalueY(properunit)ofreferencemethodshallfirstmatchwithresponseX(averagewithinaspanoftime),thematcheddatamustmeettherequirementforqualitycontrol/qualityassurance.a)OutputofCEMSforparticulatesandtesteddataofreferencemethodbeforetestingshallbeadjustedtounifiedclocktime(responsetimeofCEMSforparticulatesmustbeconsidered).b)CalculatethedataoutputofCEMSforparticulatesduringtestingwithreferencemethod(arithmeticaverage),evaluatealltheCEMSdataforparticulatesandjudgewhethertheaveragedvaluesofCEMSdataforparticulateswillbeabandonedinthecalculation.c)ThemeasuredresultsofreferencemethodandCEMSforparticulatesarebasedonthesameconditionoffluegas,convertingtheconcentration(drybaseatastandardstate)ofparticulatesmeasuredwithreferencemethodtotheunitunderthemeasuringconditionsofCEMSforparticulates.2)CalculationoflinearcorrelationInthecalculationofcorrelation,eachmeasuringvaluebyreferencemethodshallbealltreatedasdiscretepointofdata.a.Calculatetheequationoflinearcorrelation,whichgeneratespredeterminedconcentrationofparticulatesasafunctionofresponseXofCEMSforparticulatesasshownin(5)wherein::predeterminedconcentrationofparticulates;a:interceptonlinearcorrelationcurve,seeFormula(6);b:slopeonlinearcorrelationcurve,seeFormula(8);X:responsevalueofCEMSforparticulates.CalculationforinterceptisshowninFormula(6):wherein::averageofresponseofCEMSforparticulates,seeFormula(7).:averageofconcentrationofparticulates,seeFormula(7).wherein:thXi:responsevalueofCEMSforparticulatesintheidatum;13 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.thYi:concentrationofparticulatesintheidatapair;n:numberofdatapairs.SlopeiscalculatedaccordingtoFormula(8):wherein::arecalculatedaccordingtoFormula(9):b.Predeterminedconcentrationofparticulatesataverage=X,halfwidthof95%confidenceintervaliscalculatedaccordingtoFormula(10):wherein:CI:halfwidthof95%confidenceintervalataverage=X;:student’sstatistictvaluewhendf=n-2,seeattachedtable5;SE:precisionofcorrelationcurveiscalculatedaccordingtoFormula(11):Halfwidthofconfidenceintervalasapercentageofemissionlimitsataverage=Xiscalculatedaccordingtoequation(12):wherein:EL:properemissionlimitofconcentrationofparticulates.c.Halfwidthofpermissibleintervalataverage=XiscalculatedaccordingtoFormula(13):TI:halfwidthofpermissibleintervalataverage=X;kt:calculatedaccordingtoFormula(14);SE:calculatedaccordingtoFormula(11):wherein:n”:numberofmeasureddatapairs;un”:75%permissiblecoefficient,seeattachedtable5;Vdf:df=n-2,seeattachedtable5.14 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.Halfwidthofpermissibleintervalasapercentageofemissionlimitsataverage=XiscalculatedaccordingtoFormula(15):d.LinearcorrelationcoefficientiscalculatedaccordingtoFormula(16):SE:calculatedaccordingtoFormula(11);Sy:calculatedaccordingtoFormula(17);8.2.3Accuracy8.2.3.1Inputthequalifiedcalibrationcurveaccordingto8.2.2intoCEMS①Duringretest,testingaccuracycanbeperformedwhenthefacilitiesintestreachtheproductivityover70%uponthenormaloperationofproductionequipmentandfacilitiesfortreatment.②Itisthesametobin8.2.2,atleast5pairsofvaliddatapairsareachieved,butitmustreportallofthedatapairs,includingtheabandoneddatapairsandareasonforsuchabandonment.8.2.3.2AbsoluteerrorandrelativeerrorAbsoluteerrorandrelativeerrorarecalculateduponthecomparisonbetweenthemeasuredvaluesofreferencemethodanddisplayingvaluesofCEMSafterthecalibrationcurvewasimputed.8.3TestofmaintechnicalindicesofCEMSforgaseouspollutants(includingO2)8.3.1Standardgasa.Blankgas:isrequiredtocontainSO2andNOXnotmorethan0.1μmol/mol[SO2,33NOX(countedonNO2)is0.3mg/m,0.2mg/m,respectively],whenmeasuringCO2influegas,CO2contentinblankgaswillnotexceed400μmol/mol(7863mg/m),concentrationsofothergasescontainedinblankgaswillnotinterferethereadingsoninstrumentorgeneratereadingsofSO2,NOXorCO2(whenmeasuringCO2influegas).b.Standardgases:nationalstandardgaseswithuncertaintywithin±2%inavalidperiod.Standardgasatalowconcentration:20-30%offullscale;standardgasatamediumconcentration:50-60%offullscale;standardgasatahighconcentration:80-100%offullscale.8.3.2Linearerror8.3.2.1Calibrationa.Blankgasrunsthroughtheinstrument,zeroingtheinstrument.b.Calibratetheinstrumentusingstandardgasatamediumconcentrationasa15 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.calibrationgas,adjustingthedisplayingvalueofinstrumenttobeconsistentwithconcentrationofstandardgasafterthecalibrationgasrunsthrough.c.Aftertheinstrumentcalibrated,standardgasesatalowconcentrationandhighconcentrationrunthroughseparately,takeresultsviareadingsoncethedisplayingvalueisstabilized.d.Useblankgasandeachstandardgasalternatelywithmeasurementsrepeatedforthreetimessuchthattheresultsareaveraged,linererroristhencalculatedaccordingtoFormula(18):wherein:Lei─linearerror;Cdi─measuredaverageofconcentrationofstandardgas;Csi─concentrationofstandardgas;thi─standardgasintheiconcentration.Linearerrortestedisrecordedinattachedtable7.8.3.3ResponsetimeWhenstandardgasatamediumconcentrationrunsthroughfortestinglinearerror,thetimechangedfromdisplayingvalueinstantlychangedto90%ofstabilizedvalueismeasuredwithastopwatch;theaverageofmeasuredvaluesistakenasaresponsetime.Theresultstestedforresponsetimearerecordedinattachedtable7.8.3.4Zerodriftandspandrift8.3.4.1Whenusingcalibrationdevicetotestzerodriftandspandrift,itshallselectadevicewhichcangenerateazeropointandaresponsevaluein50-100%ofthefullrangetotestzerodriftandspandrift,thetestprocedureisthesametoClause8.2.1.8.3.4.2Testusingblankgasandstandardgasa.ZerodriftInitialvalueZ0ofreadingzeropointisrecordedafterthereadingsarestabilizedwhenblankgasrunsthroughtheinstrument,presszeroingbuttontoadjustitszeropoint.After24h,Z1readatzeropointisrecordeduponthestabilizationofreadings,presszeroingbuttontoadjustthezeropoint.RepeattheprocedureatthefollowingdaytorecordZiforcontinuous7days,andthencalculatezerodriftZdaccordingtoequation(2).b.Spandrift:InitialvalueS0ofstabilizedreadingisrecordedafterstandardgasrunsthroughtheinstrumentto50-100%ofthefullscale,presscalibrationbuttontocalibratetheinstrument.After24h,thesamestandardgasrunsthrough,S1readforstandardgasisrecordedafterthereadingsarestabilized,pressthecalibrationbuttontocalibratetheinstrument,repeattheprocedureatthefollowingday,recordSiforcontinuous7days,andthencalculatespandriftSdaccordingtoFormula(4).ResultstestedforzerodriftandspandriftofCEMSforgaseouspollutantsarerecordedinattachedtable8.16 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.8.3.5Relativeaccuracya.Relativeaccuracycanbetestedwhenzerodrift,spandriftandlinearerrorweretestedandqualifiedandproductionfacilitieshavereachedover50%ofmaximumproductivity.b.CEMSandreferencemethodarecarriedoutsimultaneously,adatacollectorwillcontinuouslyrecordoneaccumulatedaveragedvalueeveryminuteuntiltheendoftestwithreferencemethod.Thedatainthetimeintervalsametothereferencemethodarethenaveraged.c.AdatapairisformedbyvaluesmeasuredatthesametimeintervalwithbothreferencemethodandCEMSwhichthesamecondition(temperature,pressure,humidityandO2concentration)formeasurementisensured,over9pairsofdatashallbeacquiredeveryday,atleast9pairsofdataareusedtocalculateforrelativeaccuracy,butallofthedatamustbereported,includingtheabandoneddatapairs,measurementmustbecontinuouslycarriedoutfor7days.d.RelativeaccuracyiscalculatedaccordingtoFormula(19).wherein:RA─relativeaccuracy.wherein:n─numberofdatapairs;RMi─measuredvalueofreferencemethodintheidatum;wherein:di-differenceofeachdatapair;CEMSi─measuredvalueofCEMSintheidatum;[Note:whencalculatingthesumofdifferencesofdatapairs,positiveandnegtivemarksofthedifferenceshavetobereserved]wherein:confidencecoefficient(cc)isexpressedbystatisticvalueinttableandstandarddeviationofdifferencesofdatapairs:wherein:tf.0.95─achievedfromttable,thenf=n-1;Sd─standarddeviationofdifferencesofdatapairsmeasurebybothreferencemethodandCEMSmethod.17 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.TherelativeaccuracyofCEMSforgaseouspollutantsevaluatedbyreferencemethodisgiveninattachedtable9.8.4Testofmaintechnicalindicesofcontinuousmeasuringsystemforflowrate8.4.1VelocityfieldcoefficientVelocityfieldcoefficientisdeterminedaccordingtoFormula(25)upontestingaveragedflowrateoffluegasatthecrosssectionbyreferencemethodandaveragedflowrateoffluegasatastationarypointandpathofmeasurementatthesametimeintervalwithcontinuousmeasuringsystem:2wherein:FS─areaofcrosssectionmeasuredbyreferencemethod,m;2FP─areaofcrosssectionmeasuredatastationarypointormeasuringpath,m;─averageflowrateatcrosssectionmeasuredbyreferencemethod,m/s;─flowrateatcrosssectionatastationarypointormeasuringpath,m/s.8.4.2PrecisionofvelocityfieldcoefficientAtleast5velocityfieldcoefficientsshallbeacquiredeverydayuponwhichdailyaverageofvelocityfieldcoefficientisthencalculated,butallofthedatamustbereported,includingabandoneddataandreasons.Forthe7consecutivedays,7dailyaveragevaluesofvelocityfieldcoefficientsareachieveduponwhichprecisionofvelocityfieldcoefficientiscalculatedaccordingtoFormula(26).wherein:CV─relativestandarddeviation,%;─averageofdailyaveragedvaluesofvelocityfieldcoefficientduringtesting;S─standarddeviationofvelocityfieldcoefficient.wherein:n-numberofdailyvelocityfieldcoefficient;─dailyaverageofvelocityfieldcoefficientduringtesting.8.4.3Relativeerrorofvelocitya.Inputaverageofdailyaveragedvaluesofvelocityfieldcoefficientacquiredaccordingto8.4.2intoCEMS.b.ReferencemethodandCEMSarecarriedoutsynchronously;CEMSrecordsa18 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.displayingvalueeveryminute.c.Atleast5pairsofdatashallbeacquired;allofthedatamustbereported,includingabandoneddataandreasons.RelativeerroriscalculatedbyanaverageddisplayingvalueofCEMSflowrateofvelocityfieldcoefficientinputsubtractedfromaverageofcrosssectionmeasuredbyreferencemethoddividedbymeasuredvaluebyreferencemethod.8.5Testofmaintechnicalindicesofcontinuousmeasuringsystemfortemperaturea.ReferencemethodandCEMSarecarriedoutsynchronously;CEMSrecordsadisplayingvalueeveryminute.b.Atleast5pairsofdatashallbeacquiredeverydayforcontinuously3days,butallofthedatamustbereported,includingabandoneddataandreasons.AveragemeasuredatcrosssectionbyreferencemethodissubtractedbyadisplayingvaluefortemperatureofCEMS,uponwhichdeviationofdisplayingvaluesisthencalculated.8.6Testofmaintechnicalindicesforhumidity8.6.1ContinuousmeasuringsystemforhumiditywithdryandwetoxygencalculationAcontinuousmeasuringsystemfordehumidificationfromfluegasfirstandoxygencontentlatershallmeettherequirementof8.3.8.6.2Continuousmeasuringsystemwithhumiditysensora.ReferencemethodandCEMSarecarriedoutsynchronously;CEMSrecordsadisplayingvalueeveryminute.b.Atleast5pairsofdatashallbeacquiredeverydayforconsecutive3days,butallofthedatamustbereported,includingabandoneddataandreasons.AveragemeasuredatcrosssectionbyreferencemethodissubtractedbyadisplayingvalueforhumidityofCEMS,uponwhichabsoluteandrelativeerrorsofhumidityarethencalculated.9QualityAssurance9.1Qualityassuranceforinstallation9.1.1Installationpositionshallmeettherequirementspecifiedinthisstandard;thereisnowaterfumeandmistonmeasurementpath.WhenrelevantcalibrationforCEMSforparticulatescannotmeettherequirementtechnically,itshallcarryoutthefollowingchecks:a.testprocessofreferencemethodb.samplingpositionc.reliabilityofsamplingdeviced.runningconditionofstationarysource,especiallyofpurificationfacilitiese.compositionanddistributionofparticulatesf.numberofcalibrationdataanddistributionofdataExceptforotherreasonsotherthaninstallationposition,CEMSshallbeinstalledatarequiredpositionforretest.9.1.2Inprinciple,aCEMSisrequiredforeachofstationarysources(boiler,industrialkiln,19 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.andincinerator).TheCEMSshallbeinstalledinmainventpipeasmuchaspossibleifventilatedgasofastationarysourceentersthemainventpipeviaseveralgasfluesorducts,butitshallbeconvenientforreferencemethodtocalibrateCEMSforparticulatesandCEMSforfluegasflowrate;installationofCEMSatasinglegasflueorductandmeasuredvaluesusedastheemissionresultsarenotproposed.However,theidenticalsensorsinstalledateachofgasflueorductarepermittedwhicheachsensorshallmeettherequirementof3.4intermsofmonitoringtimeperhour.9.1.3ConstantratesamplingcanberealizedwithmeasuringfluegasbyStypePitottubewhenmeasuringparticulateswithreferencemethod.Whenaflowrateislowerthan5m/s,itisdifficulttomeasureflowratewithapitottubewithpooraccuracyofmeasuringresults.Therefore,thesamplingpointforreferencemethodshallbeatapositionselectedwithaflowrate>5m/sasmuchaspossible.9.1.4Maximumpermissibleemissionconcentrationinsmokedustofboilersdenotestheconcentrationofsmokedustwhenexcessiveairfactoratoutletofadusterreachesthespecifiedvalue,thus,theCEMSsensorforparticulatesshallbeinstalledapositionclosetooutletofthepurifierasmuchaspossible,satisfiedwithrequirementofClause6.9.1.5Thesamplingplatformset-upmustbeaccessibleandhaveenoughspaceandeasetooperate;itisfirmandsatisfiedwithrequirementforsafetymeasures;whenthesamplingplatformissetupatheightaspiralladderorelevatorshallbeprovidedtoaccesstotheplatform.9.1.6InordertocalibrateaccuratelytheCEMSforparticulatesandcontinuousmeasurementsystemforfluegasflowrate,theCEMSforparticulatesandcontinuousmeasurementsystemforfluegasflowratemustbeinstalledatapositionwithflowrateover5m/s.9.1.7Slopeofwholepipelinefromthesensortodehumidifieroranalyzerbyafullyabstractionsamplingmethodmustnotbesmallerthan5degrees.9.1.8IfrelativeaccuracyofCEMSforgaseouspollutantscannotmeettherequirement,itshallbesolvedupontheinvestigationofcauses.IncasethecauseremainsunclearthemeasureddataofCEMScanbeadjustedaccordingtoformulas(28)and(29);ifmeasurementcannotbeconductedaccuratelyafteradjustmenttheCEMSshallbeinstalledatamorerepresentativepositionforretesting.wherein:CEMSadi─adjusteddataofCEMSattheitime;CEMSi─measureddataofCEMSattheitime;Eac─biasofadjustedfactor.wherein:di─averageofdifferencescalculatedaccordingtoFormula(21);CEMSi─averageofmeasureddataofCEMSattheidatapair.20 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.9.1.9Whenadilutionsystemisusedtomeasurethegaseouspollutantsinfluegasaccordingtoformulas(30),(31);•dilutinggassamplewithoutdehumidification3wherein:Cd─concentrationofpollutantindryfluegas,mg/m;3Cw─concentrationofpollutantinwetfluegas,measuredbyCEMS,mg/m;Xsw─humidityoffluegas,volumepercentage,%.•dilutinggassamplewithdehumidification3wherein:Cmd─concentrationofpollutantindryfluegas,measuredbyCEMS,mg/m;r─dilutionratio.9.1.10Whenfullyabstractionsystemwithcompleteheatingandwithoutdehumidificationisusedtomeasurepollutantsingaseousstate,themeasuredresultsareconvertedtoconcentrationsofpollutantsinfluegasaccordingtoFormula(30).9.1.11IfCEMSfortestanddatacollectionandsubsystemforhandlingareinstalledinaroom,airconditionermustbeinstalledintheroomwheretheindoorenvironmentshallbekeptcleanwithrelationhumidity≤85%andambienttemperatureof5-30℃.9.2Qualityassurancefortesting9.2.1Ininitialtestandretest,aspecialpersoninchargeofsupervisionmustmonitortheworkingconditions;theenterpriseswithemissionpollutantsmustadjusttheworkingconditionsorrunningparametersofpurificationfacilitiesasrequiredasrelevantcalibration,keepingrelativestabilityduringtesting.9.2.2Inordertoeasethemeasurementerrorandensuretheaccuracyofresults,itisproposedtouseasamplerhavingafunctionofautomatictracingsmokedusttocarryouttherelevantcalibrationandtestofaccuracy.Thesamesamplerisusedforinitialtestandretestasmuchaspossible.Checkofrunningshallbecarriedoutbeforemeasurementtoensurethenormalconditionofsampler.9.2.3Whenparticulatesaresampledatacrosssectionbyreferencemethod,the3samplingquantityshallbenotlessthan10mgorgassamplingquantitynotlessthan0.5m.9.2.4Whenreferencemethodisusedtomeasuregaseouspollutants,itmustbecalibratedbeforeandafter(immediately)samplingwithstandardgas.9.2.5InordertoachieveassuredlythemeasureddataatthesametimeintervalwithbothreferencemethodandCEMSforgaseouspollutants,thetime(laggingtime)ofgaseouspollutantsreachingadetectorforpollutantsandresponsetimeofCEMSshallbedeductedforfullyabstractiontypeanddilutionabstractiontype.ThetimeofgaseouspollutionreachingthedetectorforpollutantscanbeestimatedaccordingtoFormula(32):wherein:t─laggingtime,min;21 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.V─volumeofventpipe,L;Q─flowrateofgasrunthroughtheventpipe,L/min.9.2.6Referencemethodshallfollowthestandardanalyticalmethodpublishedbythestateorindustryormethodslistedin“Analyticalmethodsformonitoringairandspentgases”(StateEnvironmentalProtectionAdministration).9.2.7WhenconductingcalibrationofzeropointandrangeofmeasurementforfullyabstractiontypeanddilutionabstractiontypeCEMSforgaseouspollutants,inprinciple,thesamepathwheretheblankgasandstandardgasesrunthrough(suchassampler,filter,scrubber,controller)mustbefollowed.9.2.8ForCEMSforgaseouspollutantsisusedtodirectmeasurements,whencalibratingzeropointandrangeofmeasurement,inprinciple,blankgasandstandardgasarerequiredforcalibration.9.2.9TestingCEMSshallbecarriedoutintheconditionthatthestationarysourcesemitpollutantsnormally.9.3Qualityassuranceat90dayrunningperiodCEMSmustrunfor90days,theCEMSshallmeetthefollowingbasicrequirementsinrunningperiodforqualityassurance.9.3.1CEMSforparticulates9.3.1.1Auto-calibrationforzeropointandrangeofmeasurementoftheinstrumentshallbeconductedinlessthan24h,duringcalibrationperiod,zerodriftandspandriftshallcomplywithrequirementof5.8.1.2and5.8.1.3.www.bzfxw.com9.3.1.2Manuallycalibrationofzeropointandrangeofmeasurementoftheinstrumentshallbeconductedinlessthan15days,zerodriftandspandriftshallcomplywithrequirementof5.8.1.2and5.8.1.3.9.3.1.3Airfilterhastobereplacedinlessthanonemonth.9.3.1.4Cleanglasswindowisolatingfluegasandopticalsensorinlessthanthreemonths,checkalignmentofopticalpathoftheinstrument.3.3.2CEMSforgaseouspollutants9.3.2.1Calibrationofzeropointandrangeofmeasurementoftheinstrumentshallbeconductedwithblankgasandstandardgasinhighconcentrationinlessthan15days,zerodriftandspandriftandresponsetimeshallcomplywithrequirementof5.8.2.4and5.8.2.5,and5.8.2.2;Testoflinearerrorshallbeconductedinlessthan30days,thelinearerrorshallmeettherequirementof5.8.2.1;testofrelativeaccuracyshallbeperformedinlessthan3months,therelativeaccuracyshallmeettherequirementof5.8.2.5.9.3.2.2Filteringmaterialforsamplingsensorhastobereplacedinlessthan3months.9.3.2.3Materialsfordehumidificationandductfiltrationmustbereplacedinlessthan3months.9.3.2.4Itmustusestandardmaterialsinvalidperiod.9.3.2.5Condensedwaterinsidetheaircompressormustbeevacuatedeveryday.9.3.2.6Itisthesameto9.3.1.4forCEMSfordirectmeasuringgaseouspollutants.22 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.9.3.2CEMSforflowrate9.3.3.1Auto-calibrationforzeropointandrangeofmeasurementoftheinstrumentshallbeconductedforzeropointand(or/andrangeofmeasurement)inlessthan24h.9.3.3.2Formanuallycalibratinginstrument,asensorforvelocitymeasurementhastobetakenoutfromthegasflueorduct,theprecipitatedsmokedustonitshallbeclarifiedandzeropoint(or/andrangeofmeasurement)iscalibratedwithacalibrationdevice.9.3.4EffectiveusefactorWhentestofdriftcalibratedatalowlevel(zero)orhighlevelexceededtwofoldsofdriftspecifiedforconsecutive5days,itindicatesthattheinstrumentismetwithmalfunctionduringwhichthedataachievedareinvalid,andcannotusedforcalculationofeffectiveusefactor.Theeffectiveusefactorisspecifiedasfollows:TotalrunningtimeofinstrumentEffectiveusefactorofinstrument=×100%Totalrunningtimeofemissionsource10.TestofAdaptabilityMonitoringandtestcenterforqualityofenvironmentalmonitoringinstrumentsinStateEnvironmentalProtectionAdministrationisresponsiblefortestandretestofCEMSintheNationalEnvironmentalMonitoringNetworkaccordingtotheitemsandmethodsoftestinthisstipulation.MonitoringandtestcenterforqualityofenvironmentalmonitoringinstrumentsinStateEnvironmentalProtectionAdministrationshallperiodicallyconductsamplinginspectiononthequalifiedinstruments,whichpassthetestofadaptability.11TestItemsSeetestitemsinTable11.1.www.bzfxw.comTable11.1TestItemsItemIndexTestmethodZerodrift≤±2.0%F.S.Clause8.2.1Spandrift≤±2.0%F.S.Clause8.2.1Correlativecoefficient≥0.85Clause8.2.2≥0.75(Whenupperlimitofmeasuring3Testperiodrange≤50mg/m)Halfwidthofconfidence≤10%Clause8.2.2intervalHalfwidthofpermissible≤25%Clause8.2.2ParticulatesintervalCEMSZerodrift≤±2.0%F.S.Clause8.2.1Spandrift≤±2.0%F.S.Clause8.2.1AccuracyWhenemissionconcentrationClause8.2.333Retest≤50mg/m,absoluteerror≤±15mg/m;33period>50mg/m~≤100mg/m,relativeerror≤±25%;33>100mg/m~≤200mg/m,relativeerror≤±20%;3>200mg/m,relativeerror≤±15%TestperiodLinearerror≤±5%Clause8.3.2Responsetime≤200sClause8.3.3Zerodrift≤±2.5%F.S.Clause8.3.4Spandrift≤±2.5%F.S.Clause8.3.4SO2RelativeaccuracyWhenemissionconcentration≥250μmol/molClause8.3.5CEMS3(715mg/m),relativeaccuracy≤15%.Whenemissionconcentration<250μmol/mol3(715mg/m),absoluteerror≤20μmol/mol3(57mg/m).23 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.Whenemissionconcentration<50μmol/mol3(143mg/m),absoluteerror≤15μmol/mol3(43mg/m)RetestZerodrift≤±2.5%F.S.Clause8.3.4periodSpandrift≤±2.5%F.S.Clause8.3.4RelativeaccuracyWhenemissionconcentration≥250μmol/molClause8.3.53(715mg/m),relativeaccuracy≤15%.Whenemissionconcentration<250μmol/mol3(715mg/m),absoluteerror≤20μmol/mol3(57mg/m).Whenemissionconcentration<50μmol/mol3(143mg/m),absoluteerror≤15μmol/mol3(43mg/m).NOXTestperiodLinearerror≤±5%Clause8.3.2CEMSResponsetime≤200sClause8.3.3Zerodrift≤±2.5%F.S.Clause8.3.4Spandrift≤±2.5%F.S.Clause8.3.4RelativeaccuracyWhenemissionconcentration≥250μmol/molClause8.3.53(513mg/m),relativeaccuracy≤15%.Whenemissionconcentration<250μmol/mol3(513mg/m),absoluteerror≤20μmol/mol3(41mg/m).Whenemissionconcentration<50μmol/mol3(103mg/m),absoluteerror≤15μmol/mol3(31mg/m).RetestZerodrift≤±2.5%F.S.Clause8.3.4periodSpandrift≤±2.5%F.S.Clause8.3.4RelativeaccuracyWhenemissionconcentration≥250μmol/molClause8.3.53(513mg/m),relativeaccuracy≤15%.Whenemissionconcentration<250μmol/mol3(513mg/m),absoluteerror≤20μmol/mol3(41mg/m).Whenemissionconcentration<50μmol/mol3(103mg/m),absoluteerror≤15μmol/mol3www.bzfxw.com(31mg/m).24 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.Table11.1TestItems(continued)ItemIndexTestmethodLinearerror≤±5Clause8.3.2Responsetime≤200sClause8.3.3TestperiodZerodrift≤±2.5%F.S.Clause8.3.4O2orCO2Spandrift≤±2.5%F.S.Clause8.3.4CEMSRelativeaccuracy≤15%Clause8.3.5Zerodrift≤±2.5%F.S.Clause8.3.4RetestSpandrift≤±2.5%F.S.Clause8.3.4periodRelativeaccuracy≤15%Clause8.3.5ContinuousTestperiodPrecision≤5%Clause8.4.2flowrateRetestRelativeerrorWhenflowrateClause8.4.3measuringperiod>10m/s,relativeerror≤±10%system≤10m/s,relativeerror≤±12%ContinuousTestperiodIndicationdeviation≤±3℃Clause8.5temperatureRetestIndicationdeviation≤±3℃Clause8.5measuringperiodsystemContinuousTestperiodRelativeerrorWhenhumidityoffluegasClause8.6humidity≤5.0%,absoluteerror≤±1.5%measuring>5.0%,relativeerror≤±25%systemRetestRelativeerrorWhenhumidityoffluegasClause8.6(humidityperiod≤5.0%,absoluteerror≤±1.5%sensor)>5.0%,relativeerror≤±25%Note:F.S.=Fullscale;NOXiscalculatedasNO2.www.bzfxw.com25 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.www.bzfxw.com26 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.AppendixAAttachedTableTable1DailyreportofaveragevalueperhourforCEMNameofemissionsource:Numberofemissionsource:Dateofmonitoring:YYYYMMDDParticulatesSO2NOXFlowWaterConvertConvertConvertTemperLoadTimerateO2,%ContentRemark333mg/mintokg/hmg/mintokg/hmg/mintokg/hature℃%3m/h%333mg/mmg/mmg/m00~0101~0202~0303~0404~0505~0606~0707~08www.bzfxw.com08~0909~1010~1111~1212~1313~1414~1515~1616~1717~1818~1919~2020~2121~2227 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.22~2323~24AveragevalueMaximumValueMinimumValueNumberofsamplesTotalvolumeof————————dailyemission,t43Unitoftotalvolumeofdailyemittedfluegas:X10m/dwww.bzfxw.comTable2MonthlyreportofaveragedailyvalueforCEMNameofemissionsource:Numberofemissionsource:Monthofmonitoring:YYYYMMParticulatesSO2NOXFlowWaterConvertConvertConvertLoadTimerateO2,%Temperature℃ContentRemark333mg/mintokg/hmg/mintokg/hmg/mintokg/h%3m/h%333mg/mmg/mmg/m123456728 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.891011121314151617181920212223www.bzfxw.com2425262728293031AveragevalueMaximumValueMinimum29 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.ValueNumberofsamplesTotalvolumeofdaily————————emission,t43Unitoftotalvolumeofmonthlyemittedfluegas:X10m/mReportedby(Seal):Principal:Reporter:Dateofreport:YYYYMMDDTable3AnnualreportofaveragemonthlyvalueforCEMNameofemissionsource:Numberofemissionsource:Yearofmonitoring:YYYYParticulatesSO2NOXFlowWaterConvertConvertConvertTemperLoadMonthrateO2,%ContentRemark333mg/mintokg/hmg/mintokg/hmg/mintokg/hature℃%3m/h%333mg/mmg/mmg/m1www.bzfxw.com23456789101112Averagevalue30 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.MaximumValueMinimumValueNumberofsamplesTotalvolumeofdaily————————emission,t43Unitoftotalvolumeofannuallyemittedfluegas:X10m/aReportedby(Seal):Principal:Reporter:Dateofreport:YYYYMMDDwww.bzfxw.com31 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.Table4TestofzerodriftandspandriftofparticulateCEMSTestassociateManufacturerofCEMSPlaceoftestTypeandnumberofCEMSPositionoftestStandardvaluePrincipleofCEMSUnit(mg/m3,mA,mV,opacity%)CleantheAbsoluteAbsoluteAdjustTimeCalibrationofreadinglens?(YesRemarkZeroreadingerrorofzeroAdjustzeroerrorofspan?(YesDatesuperscriptorNo)driftpoint?(YesspandriftorNo)StartingEndpointorNo)StartingEndpointBeginningEndpoint(Z0)(Zi)point(Z0)(Zi)www.bzfxw.comMaximumvalueofabsoluteMaximumvalueofabsoluteerrorofzerodrift(Formula1)errorofspandrift(Formula3)Zerodrift(Formula2)Spandrift(Formula4)Table5Parametersforcalculationofconfidenceintervalandpermissibleinterval32 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.www.bzfxw.comTable6CalibrationofparticulateCEMSbyreferencemethodTestassociateManufacturerofCEMSPlaceoftestTypeandnumberofCEMSPositionoftestPrincipleofCEMSInstrument(adoptedbyreferencemethod)manufacturerTypeandnumberPrinciple33 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.ReferencemethodCEMSmethodTime(hourandVolumeofColorofDateSequenceNumberoffilterWeightofConcentrationMeasuredvalueRemarkminute)collectedairparticulates3numbercartridgeparticulate(mg)(mg/m)(nodimension)(NL)www.bzfxw.com34 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.www.bzfxw.com35 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.Table7TestoflinearerrorandresponsetimeofgaseouspollutantCEMSTestassociateManufacturerofCEMSPlaceoftestTypeandnumberofCEMSPositionoftestPrincipleofCEMSResponsevalueofstandardgasconcentrationorLowMediumHighcalibrationdeviceconcentrationconcentrationconcentrationNameofpollutantUnitDateoftestIndicatingvalueofAverageindicatingResponsetime(s)SequencenumberReferencevalueofRelativeerror(%)RemarkCEMSvalueofCEMSMeasuredvalueAveragevaluewww.bzfxw.com36 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.Table8TestofzerodriftandspandriftofgaseouspollutantCEMS(includingO2andCO2)TestassociateManufacturerofCEMSPlaceoftestTypeandnumberofCEMSPositionoftestPrincipleofCEMSResponsevalueofstandardgasconcentrationorcalibrationdeviceNameofpollutantUnit(mg/m3,mA,mV,opacity%)AbsoluteAbsoluteCalibrationofreadingSequenceZeroreadingerrorofzeroerrorofspanDateTimesuperscriptRemarknumberdriftFullscale,%driftFullscale,%StartingpointEndpointStartingpointEndpoint(Z0)(Zi)(S0)(Zi)1234www.bzfxw.com5678MaximumvalueofabsoluteMaximumvalueofabsoluteerrorofzerodrift(Formula1)errorofspandrift(Formula3)Zerodrift(Formula2)Spandrift(Formula4)37 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.www.bzfxw.com38 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.Table9EvaluationofrelativeaccuracyofgaseouspollutantCEMSbyreferencemethodTestassociateManufacturerofCEMSPlaceoftestTypeandnumberofCEMSPositionoftestPrincipleofCEMSInstrument(adoptedbyreferencemethod)TypeandmanufacturernumberPrincipleNameofDateoftestYYYYMMDDpollutantUnitNumberofTime(hour,ReferencemethodDatadifference(RM)CEMSmethodsampleminute)ABwww.bzfxw.comAveragevalueofreferencemethod(Formula20)Absolutevalueofaveragedifference(Formula21)standarddeviationofdatadifference(Formula24)Confidencecoefficient(Formula23)Relativeaccuracy(Formula19)MeasuredresultbyRelativeerror(%)NameGuaranteedreferencemethodStandardvalueBeforeAftersamplingBeforeAftergassamplingsamplingsampling39 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.www.bzfxw.com40 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.Table10Velocityfieldcoefficientduringtest(primarytest)TestManufacturerofassociateCEMSPlaceoftestTypeandnumberofCEMSPositionofPrincipletestofCEMSInstrument(adoptedbyreferencemethod)TypeandmanufacturernumberPrincipleUnitofreferenceUnitofmethodCEMSDateMethodTimesoftestAverageStandardRelative123456789valuedeviationstandarddeviation(%)ManualCEMSVelocityfieldcoefficientManualCEMSVelocitywww.bzfxw.comfieldcoefficientManualCEMSVelocityfieldcoefficientManualCEMSVelocityfieldcoefficientManualCEMSVelocityfieldcoefficientManualCEMSVelocityfieldcoefficientManualCEMSVelocityfieldcoefficient41 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.ManualCEMSVelocityfieldcoefficientManualCEMSVelocityfieldcoefficientManualCEMSVelocityfieldcoefficientAveragevalueofvelocityfieldStandardRelativecoefficientdeviationstandarddeviation(%)www.bzfxw.com42 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.Table11TestofdeviationofindicatedtemperatureTestManufacturerofassociateCEMSPlaceoftestTypeandnumberofCEMSPostoftestPrincipleofCEMSInstrument(adoptedbyTypeandPrinciplereferencemethod)numbermanufacturerTimesoftestDateMethod123456789ManualCEMSDeviationofindicatedtemperatureManualCEMSDeviationofindicatedwww.bzfxw.comtemperatureManualCEMSDeviationofindicatedtemperatureManualCEMSDeviationofindicatedtemperatureManualCEMSDeviationofindicatedtemperatureManualCEMSDeviationofindicatedtemperature43 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.ManualCEMSDeviationofindicatedtemperaturewww.bzfxw.com44 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.Table12TestofrelativeorabsoluteerroroftemperatureTestManufacturerofassociateCEMSPlaceofTypeandnumbertestofCEMSPositionPrincipleofoftestCEMSInstrument(adoptedbyreferenceTypeandPrinciplemethod)numbermanufacturerTimesoftestDateMethod123456789ManualCEMSRelativeorabsoluteerrorManualCEMSRelativewww.bzfxw.comorabsoluteerrorManualCEMSRelativeorabsoluteerrorManualCEMSRelativeorabsoluteerrorManualCEMSRelativeorabsoluteerror45 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.ManualCEMSRelativeorabsoluteerrorManualCEMSRelativeorabsoluteerrorwww.bzfxw.com46 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.www.bzfxw.com27 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.AppendixBDeterminationoffluegasparametersandrequirementsofconversionofpollutantconcentrationandcalculationoffluegasparameters1.DeterminationofFlueGasParameters1.1DeterminationofFlueGasTemperatureContinuouslydeterminethefluegastemperaturebythermalcouplesetbyCEMSorthermalresistancetemperaturesensor,deviationofindicatingvaluenotexceeding±3℃.1.2DeterminationofMoistureContentintheFlueGasa.ContinuousdeterminationbyoxygensensororhumiditysensorDetermineoxygencontentandcalculatemoisturecontentinthefluegasbyoxygensensorsetbyCEMSbeforeandafterdehumidificationorcontinuouslydeterminemoisturecontentinthefluegasbyhumiditysensor.Whendeterminemoisturecontentinthefluegasbasedontheoxygencontentbeforeandafterdehumidification,calculatehumidityoffluegasaccordingtothefollowingformulaB1.Intheformula:—Volumepercentageofoxygeninwetfluegas,%—Volumepercentageofoxygenindryfluegas,%www.bzfxw.comb.DeterminationbymanualmethodAccordingtoClause5.2ofGB/T16157——1996,selectweightmethodorcondensationorwet/drybulbmethodandinputaveragevalueintoCEMS.1.3DeterminationandCalculationofO2andCO2intheFlueGasa.ContinuouslydetermineO2contentbyoxygendetectorsetbyCEMS.b.CalculateCO2contentinthefluegasaccordingtoformulaB2.Intheformula:CO2max—MaximumvolumepercentageofCO2generatedduringcombustionoffuel(%),whichcanbeobtainedfromTableB2ofapproximatevalueofCO2max.TableB2ApproximatevalueofCO2maxBituminousMeagerAnthraciteFueloilPetroleumLPGWetnaturalDrynaturalTowngasTypeoffuelcoalcoalcoalgasgasgas1.4CalculationofFlueGasDensityandMolecularWeightofGasCalculatefluegasdensityandmolecularweightofgasaccordingtoClause6ofGB/T16157——1996.28 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.1.5DeterminationandCalculationofFlueGasFlowRateandFlowAmounta.Determinateofatmosphericpressure①DeterminationbybarometricpressuresensorsetbyCEMS②Basedonaveragevaluesoflastmonthorlastyearprovidedbymeteorologicalstationanddifferentheightsoftestpointsandmeteorologicalstation,calibratethesevaluesinlinewithincrementorsubtractionof10mand110PaandinputintotheCEMSasaveragebarometricpressureincurrentmonthoryear.b.DeterminationoffluegasflowrateContinuouslydeterminefluegasflowrateonafixedpoint,locatedintheflueoronthecross-sectionofthepipeline,bypitottubespeeddetectorortargetflowmeterspeeddetector,orcontinuouslydeterminequalityflowrateoffluegasonafixedpoint,locatedonthecross-section,byheatbalancer,orcontinuouslydeterminelineaverageflowrateoffluegasonthecross-sectionbysupersonicspeeddetector.①CalculationoffluegasflowrateAccordingtoformulaB3,calculateflowrateintheflueoronthecross-sectionofpipelinebypitottubemethod,heatbalance,supersonicmethod(installthespeeddetectorontherectangularflueorpipeline)andtargetflowmeter:Intheformula:—Velocityfieldcoefficient;Determineaverageflowrateofemittedwetgasonacertainfixedpoint(locatedwww.bzfxw.com—onthecross-section)ormeasurementline,m/s;—Determineaverageflowrateofemittedwetgasonthecross-section,m/s.AccordingtoformulaB4,calculateaverageflowrateintheflueoronthecross-sectionbysupersonicmethod(installthespeeddetectorontherectangularflueorpipeline):Intheformula:l—DistancebetweenA(receiver/transmitter)andB(receiver/transmitter)installedonbothsidesofflueorpipeline(subtractwallthicknessofflue),m;α—IncludedangleoflbetweencenterlineofflueorpipelineandAB;tA—TransmissiontimeofsoundpulsefromAtoB(inthesamedirectionofairflow),s;tB—TransmissiontimeofsoundpulsefromBtoA(inthereversedirectionofairflow),s.②CalculationoffluegasflowrateAccordingtoformulaB5,calculateflowamountofwetfluegasQsunderworkingcondition:29 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.Intheformula:3Qs—Flowamountofwetfluegasunderworkingcondition,m/h;2F—Areaofcross-sectionusedfordetermination,m.AccordingtoformulaB6,calculateflowamountofdryfluegasQsnunderstandardcondition:Intheformula:3Qsn—Flowamountofdryfluegasunderstandardcondition,m/h;Ba—Barometricpressure,Pa;Ps—Staticpressureoffluegas,Pa;ts—Temperatureoffluegas,℃;Xsw—Volumepercentageofmoistureinthefluegas,%.1.6CalculationofConcentrationofParticulatesorGaseousPollutantandEmissionRatea.AccordingtoformulaB7,calculateemissionconcentrationofparticulatesorgaseouspollutant:Intheformula:C’—Concentrationofparticulatesorgaseouspollutantindryfluegasunderstandard3condition,mg/m;www.bzfxw.comWhengaseouspollutantCEMScomplieswithrelativeaccuracy,C’=xx—PhysicalquantityindicatedbyCEMS;—Slopeofregressionequation;3—Interceptofregressionequation,mg/m.Whenadoptμmol/molastheindicatedunitofgaseouspollutantconcentration,conversion3coefficientsforconvertingSO2,NOandNO2intotheunitofmg/m,understandardcondition,areasfollowings:b.AccordingtoformulaB8,calculateemissionconcentrationofparticulatesorgaseouspollutant:Intheformula:C—Concentrationofparticulatesorgaseouspollutantwhenconvertingintoexcessiveair3coefficientα,mg/m;C’—Concentrationofparticulatesorgaseouspollutantindryfluegasunderstandard30 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.3condition,mg/m;α—Excessiveaircoefficientmeasuredatthetestpoint;αs—Excessiveaircoefficientstipulatedinrelevantemissionstandard.c.AccordingtoformulaB9,calculateexcessiveaircoefficient:d.AccordingtoformulaB10,calculateemissionrateofparticulatesorgaseouspollutant:Intheformula:G—Emissionrateofparticulatesorgaseouspollutant,kg/h;3Qsn—Emittedvolumeofdryfluegasunderstandardcondition,m/h.www.bzfxw.com31 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.AppendixCEmbodimentaboutcalibrationofparticulatesbyreferencemethodThefollowingsareaveragevaluesoffluegasparameterstestedbytheparticulateCEMSinacoal-firedpowerplant.Temperature:120℃;Staticpressure:-0.14kPa(gaugepressure);Oxygencontent:7%;Humidity:4%.3Emissionlimitvalue:150mg/m.OriginalrecordsoftestresultsareshowninTableC1(Concentrationrangeis30~200mg/m).TableC1OriginalrecordsofdeterminationofparticulatesinfluegasbyCEMSandreferencemethodIndicatingReferencemethodIndicatingReferencemethodIndicatingReferencemethodNo.valueofNo.valueofNo.valueofCMESCMESCMESwww.bzfxw.comNote:Inthetable,unitadoptedinreferencemethodisconvertedintotheunitunderactualconditionoffluegas,andindicatingvalueofCEMShasnodimension.1.CalculationbyLinearRegressionEquation2.CalculationofHalfWidthofConfidenceIntervalPrecisionofregressionline:SE=5.15,AccordingtoTable5,t=2.030,32 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.Thus,halfwidthofconfidenceintervalCI=1.74whenaveragevalueX=115.9(indicatingvalueofCEMS).Accordingtothestipulationsofthecoal-firedpowerplant,excessiveaircoefficientis1.4,emissionlimitvalue150mg/m3(standardconditionofdryfluegas).Actualemissionconcentrationis110mg/m3(Actualconditionoffluegas)basedonthecalculationbyStateEquationofIdealGas,formula30,formulaB7andB8.Thus,halfwidthofconfidenceintervalofemissionlimitvaluepercentageCI%=1.58%whenaveragevalueX=116(indicatingvalueofCEMS).3.CalculationofHalfWidthofPermissibleIntervalAccordingtoTable5,kt=1.46.Thus,halfwidthofpermissibleintervalTI=7.50andhalfwidthofpermissibleintervalofemissionlimitvaluepercentageTI%=6.82%whenaveragevalueX=115.9(indicatingvalueofCEMS).4.CorrelativeCoefficientr=0.9785.GraphicExamplesofLinearCurve,ConfidenceIntervalandPermissibleInterval95%confidenceinterval95%permissibleintervalCalculationandgraphicexamplesareshowninFigureC1.www.bzfxw.com(Actualcondition)PermissibleintervalConfidenceintervalIndicatingvalueofCEMS(nodimension)FigureC1Linearcurve,confidenceintervalandpermissibleinterval33 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.AppendixDDetermineconcentrationsofSO2andNOXemittedfromstationarypollutantsource——instrumentanalysismethod1.PrincipleandApplicationScope1.1ApplicationScopeOnlywhenhavingbeenspecifiedinthisstandardandusedfortestingrelativeaccuracyofgaseouspollutants,SO2andNOX,determineconcentrationsofSO2andNOXemittedfromstationarypollutantsource.Refertothisprocedurefordeterminationofothergaseouspollutants.1.2PrincipleContinuouslyextractfluegasfromchimney/flue,feedpartofsamplegasintoananalyzeranddetermineconcentrationsofSO2andNOXaccordingtothestandardanalyticalmethods,enactedbycountryorindustry,orthemethodslistedinMonitoringandAnalyticalMethodforAmbientAirandExhaustGas(StateEnvironmentalProtectionAdministration).Toensurethereliabilityofdata,performance,specificationsandtestproceduresareprovided.2.MeasuringRangeandSensitivity2.1MeasuringRangeForthismethod,measuringrangeisdecidedbyspanofselectedmeasurementsystem.However,concentrationofgaseouspollutantshallnotbelowerthan30%ofthespanofselectedmeasurementsystem.Ifconcentrationofgaseouspollutantexceedsselectedspanatanymomentduringatestperiod,thedeterminationwillbeinvalid.www.bzfxw.com2.2SensitivityMinimumdetectionlimitshallbelowerthan20%ofspan.3.Definition3.1MeasurementSystemTodeterminegasconcentration,allrequiredequipmentiscomposedoffollowingsubsystems:3.1.1SamplingsystemThissystemisusedinobtainingandtransferringsamples,adjustingthesamplingorprotectinganalyzerfromtheimpactofsubstanceemittedfromchimney.3.1.2GasanalyzerThiscomponentisusedindetectinggastobetestedandgeneratingoutputsignal,whichisproportionaltotheconcentrationofgas.3.1.3DatarecorderStrip-chartrecorder,analogcomputerordigitalrecorderisusedforrecordingthemeasureddataoutputtedfromanalyzer.3.2CalibrationErrorofAnalyzerDirectlyinfusestandardgasintotheanalyzer,whichwillindicatethedifferencebetweengasconcentrationandgivenconcentrationofstandardgas.3.3DeviationofSamplingSystem34 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.Infuseconcentration-givengasthroughtheoutletofsamplingprobeandmeasurementsystemwillshowthedifferencebetweengasconcentrationandconcentrationindicatedbymeasurementsystemwhensamegasisdirectlyinfusedintotheanalyzer.4.StipulationaboutPerformanceofMeasurementSystem4.1CalibrationErrorofAnalyzerCalibrationerrorofstandardgas(zero,mediumandhighconcentration)shallbelowerthan±2%ofspan.4.2DeviationofSamplingSystemDeviationofstandardgas(zero,mediumandhighconcentration)shallbelowerthan±5%ofspan.4.3ZeroDriftLowerthan±2.5%ineachoperationcycle.4.4SpanDriftLowerthan±2.5%ineachoperationcycle.5.Equipment5.1MeasurementSystemSelectmeasurementsystems,whichhavepassedadaptabilitytestconductedbymonitoringandtestcenterforqualityofenvironmentalmonitoringinstrumentsinStateEnvironmentalProtectionAdministration,includinganySO2orNOXmeasuresystemcomplyingwiththestipulationsinthismethod.Necessarycomponentsofthissystemareasfollowings:www.bzfxw.com5.1.1SamplingprobeGlass,stainlesssteelorequivalentshallbelongenoughtobemovedonthesamplingpoint.Samplingprobeshallbeheatedtoavoidcoagulation.5.1.2SamplepipelineHeatstainlesssteelorpolytetrafluroethyleneduct(adequatelyavoidcoagulation)totransfersamplegasintodehumidificationsystem.5.1.3TransferpipeofsampleStainlesssteelorpolytetrafluroethyleneducttotransfersamplegasfromdehumidificationsystemtosamplingpump,flowcontrollerofsampleandbranchpipeofsample.5.1.4ComponentsofcalibrationvalveWhenbeingadoptedforcalibrationmethod,three-wayvalveorequivalentcanbeusedinclosingsamplegasflowandinfusingcalibrationgasintomeasurementsystem.5.1.5DehumidificationsystemRefrigeratingcondenserorsimilarequipment(dryer)canbeadoptedinremovingthewatervaporinthesamplegas.Watervaporremovalsystemisn’trequiredforanalyzer,whichcandeterminesamplegasconcentrationunderwetcondition.However,conversionformulaofwet-basedconcentrationtodry-basedconcentrationshallbeapprovedbyenvironmentalprotectiondepartment.35 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.5.1.6FiltrationfilmofparticulatesFiltrationfilm,madeofborate,silicateorquartzglasscottonorglassfibercotton,shallbeplacedinthechimney/flueorheated(adequatelyavoidcoagulationofwatervapor)andplacedoutsideofchimney/flue.Filtrationfilmcanbeusedattheoutletorinletofwatervaporremovalsystemandinletofanalyzerinordertopreventparticulatesaccumulatinginthemeasurementsystemandprolongservicelifeorcomponents.Materialoffilmshallnotreactwithsamplegas.5.1.7SamplingpumpThepumpcanbeusedinsupplyingpowertosamplingsystemandtransferringsamplegastotheanalyzer.Itcanbemadefromanymaterialwhichdoesn’treactwithsamplegas.5.1.8FlowcontrollerofsampleFlowcontrolvalve,rotaryflowmeterorequivalentcanbeusedinmaintainingconstantflowamountofsamplewithinprecisionof10%.(Note:Testassociatecanchooseabackpressureregulatortokeepbranchpipeundernormalpressure,avoidingexcessivepressureontheanalyzerandreducingrequirementsforflowcontrol).5.1.9BranchpipeofsamplegasThroughthispipe,partofsamplegascanbetransferredtotheanalyzer,otherstotheoutletsofbraches.Branchpipeofsamplegasshallalsoincludespareparts,throughwhichstandardgascanbedirectlyinfusedintotheanalyzer,andcanbemadefromanymaterialwhichdoesn’treactwithsamplegas.www.bzfxw.com5.1.10GasanalyzerContinuouslydetermineconcentrationsofSO2andNOXaccordingtothestandardanalyticalmethods,enactedbycountryorindustry,orthemethodslistedinMonitoringandAnalyticalMethodforAmbientAirandExhaustGas(StateEnvironmentalProtectionAdministration).PerformanceofanalyzershallcomplywiththestipulationinChapter4ofthisappendix.Additionaltoolforflowcontrolandinstrumentsformeasuringflowamountshallalsobeprovided(preciserotaryflowmeterandpressuregaugeusedforcontrollingtotaldownstreamflow).(Note:Placetheanalyzerinaclean,constant-temperatureandanti-corrosiveenvironmenttoreducethedriftaftercalibratinganalyzer.)5.1.11DatarecorderStrip-chartrecorder,analogcomputerordigitalrecordercanbeusedinrecordingmeasureddata.Resolutionofdatashallbe0.5%ofspan.Digitaloranaloghead,whoseresolutionis0.5%ofspan,canbeusedinmanualrecordofreading.6.PerformanceTestProceduresofMeasurementSystemFinishfollowingproceduresbeforemeasuringemissionconcentration.6.1PreparationofMeasurementSystemPrepareandtestanalyzerandothersystematiccomponentsaccordingtouser’smanualprovidedbymanufacturer.36 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.6.2CalibrationErrorofAnalyzer6.2.1Selectstandardgas,complyingwith8.3.1inthistechnicalspecification,andinfuseBlankgas,medium-concentrationandhigh-concentrationstandardgasintotheanalyzer.Duringinspectionperiod,adjustmentisn’trequiredexceptforensuringcorrectlycalibratedgasflow,andrecordresponsevalueofeachkindofstandardgasontheanalyzer(TableD1).6.2.2Ifconcentrationofanykindofstandardgas,indicatedbyanalyzer,exceeds±2%ofspan,inspectionforcalibrationerrorofanalyzerwillbeinvalid.Tohandlewithinvalidinspection,takecorrectivemeasuresandre-inspectcalibrationerrorofanalyzertoreachacceptableindicesofperformance.6.3InspectDeviationofSamplingSystemInspectdeviationofsamplingsystembyinfusingstandardgasthroughcalibrationvalveinstalledattheoutletofsamplingprobe.Frommediumandhigh-concentrationstandardgases,selectstandardgas,nearesttoemissionconcentration,andBlankgas.Then,conductinspectionaccordingtofollowingmethods.6.3.1Infusestandardgas,nearesttoemissionconcentration,andrecordresponsevalueofanalyzerinTableD2.Then,infuseBlankgasandrecordresponsevalueofanalyzer.Blankgascanalsobeinfusedbeforeinjectingstandardgas.Duringinspectingdeviationofsamplingsystem,operatethesystematnormalsamplingflow.Regulationfortheanalyzerisn’trequiredexceptforensuringproperlycalibratedgasflow.www.bzfxw.comMeanwhile,recordresponsetime,whichshallnotexceed180s.Inspectionproceduresofresponsetimeshallbeconductedaccordingto8.3.3inthetechnicalspecification.6.3.2ForBlankgasoranykindofstandardgas,ifdifferenceofindicatedvaluebetweeninspectionforcalibrationerrorofanalyzerandinspectionfordeviationofsamplingsystemexceeds±5%ofselectedspan,inspectionfordeviationofsamplingsystemwillbeinvalid.Tohandlewithinvalidinspection,takecorrectivemeasuresandre-inspectcalibrationerrorofanalyzeruntilacceptableperformanceisprovided.Ifanalyzerisneededtobeadjusted,firstlyre-inspectcalibrationerror.Then,re-inspectdeviationofsamplingsystem.7.DeterminationProceduresofEmissionConcentration7.1SelectCross-sectionandPointofSamplingSelectcross-sectionandpointofsamplingaccordingtotherequirementsofGB/T16157-2001.7.2CollectionofSamplesCollectsamplesatthesameflowamountintheinspectionfordeviationofsamplingsystemandmaintainconstantflowduringthewholeoperation,andsinglesamplingtimeshallbelongerthan2timesofresponsetimeofmeasurementsystem.7.3ZeroDriftandSpanDriftConductthisprocedurebeforeandaftersampling.Don’tadjustmeasurementsystembeforefinishingtheinspectionfordrift.RecordresponsevalueofanalyzerinTableD2.37 GeneratedbyFoxitPDFCreator©FoxitSoftwarehttp://www.foxitsoftware.comForevaluationonly.Ifzerodriftandspandriftexceedthelimit,thisoperationwillbeinvalid.Beforerestartingoperation,repeatinspectionproceduresofcalibrationerrorofanalyzeranddeviationofsamplingsystem.8.CalculationofEmissionConcentrationCalculategasemissionconcentrationaccordingtoformulaD1.Intheformula:-Concentrationofemittedgas;-Averagegasconcentrationindicatedbygasanalyzer;-AveragesystematicresponsevalueofBlankgasbeforeandaftersampling;Averagesystematicresponsevalueofstandardgasbeforeandaftersampling,-whoseconcentrationisclosetoemissionconcentration;-Standardgasconcentration,whichisclosetoactualemissionconcentration.TableD1CalibrationerrorofanalyzerProductionunitofstandardgas:___________________Span:__________________Testedby:____________________________________Date:__________________StandardgasStandardResponsevalueofAbsolutedifferenceError(percentageofspan)valueofgasanalyzerBlankgasMediumconcentrationwww.bzfxw.comHighconcentrationTableD2DeviationofsamplingsystemanddataofdriftProductionunitofstandardgas:___________________Span:__________________Testedby:____________________________________Date:__________________BeforesamplingBeforesamplingResponseStandardgasvalueofDriftcalibrationerrorResponsevalueDeviationofResponsevalueofanalyzerofsystemofsystemDeviationofsystemsystemBlankgasClosetoactualsituationEmissionconcentrationStandardgasDeviationofsystem=(Responsevalueofsystem-responsevalueofanalyzer)/spanX10038'