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万州区未来城小区1#住宅楼设计毕业设计计算书

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'刘万元万州区未来城小区1#住宅楼设计重庆三峡学院毕业设计(论文)题目重庆市万州区未来城小区1#住宅楼设计院系土木工程学院专业土木工程年级2009级学生姓名刘万元学生学号200912044162指导教师付亚男职称讲师完成毕业设计(论文)时间2013年6月 刘万元万州区未来城小区1#住宅楼设计目录摘要IAbstractII第1章建筑方案设计说明11.1设计要点11.1.1建筑平面设计11.1.2建筑立面设计11.1.3建筑剖面设计11.2建筑方案设计11.2.1建筑平面设计11.2.2建筑立面设计21.2.3建筑剖面设计21.3建筑设计说明2第2章结构计算书32.1设计资料32.1.1工程概况32.1.2建筑做法32.1.3可变荷载32.1.4地质条件32.1.5设计内容42.2上部结构布置42.3上部结构分析82.3.1计算简图82.3.2竖向荷载计算92.3.3水平风荷载计算132.3.4竖向荷载作用下内力计算142.3.5风荷载作用下的内力计算352.3.6风荷载作用下的侧移计算372.4梁柱构件设计382.4.1内力组合382.4.2截面设计442.5板配筋计算502.5.1荷载计算502.5.2弯矩计算502.5.3截面设计512.6基础设计522.6.1基础布置522.6.2地基计算532.6.3基础梁内力计算532.6.4基础梁截面设计542.7板式楼梯计算552.7.1梯段板配筋562.7.2平台板配筋562.7.3平台梁配筋57致谢语58参考文献59 重庆市万州区未来城1#住宅楼设计刘万元重庆三峡学院土木工程学院土木工程专业2009级重庆万州404000摘要本次毕业设计是一幢住宅楼设计,为多层钢筋混凝土框架结构。共六层,建筑物总面积为2475.12㎡,高度21.9m。包括建筑设计和结构设计两部分内容。根据建筑设计和结构设计的要求以及场地地质条件,合理地进行结构选型和结构整体布置,确定各种结构构件的尺寸,选取一榀主要横向结构框架进行结构设计计算,包括:结构计算简图的确定,荷载计算,内力分析,内力计算等。考虑荷载形式有:恒荷载,活荷载,风荷载以及地震荷载作用。结构设计是在建筑物初步设计的基础上确定结构方案;选择合理的结构体系;进行结构布置,并初步估算,确定结构构件尺寸,进行结构计算,最后绘制图纸。关键词:框架结构混凝土建筑设计结构设计配筋 AbstractThegraduationdesignisbuildinginaresidentialbuilding,formulti-layersteelreinforcedconcreteframestructure.Ofsixlayers,thetotalareaofthebuildingis2475.12㎡,theheightof21.9m.Includingarchitecturaldesignandstructuraldesigntwoparts.Accordingtothearchitecturaldesignandstructuredesign,seismicrequirementsandsitegeologicalconditions,reasonablestructureandthegenerallayoutstructureselection,todeterminethesizeofvariousstructuralcomponents,theselectionofamajorlateralstructureframestructuredesigncalculation,including:todeterminethestructurecalculationdiagram,theloadcalculation,internalforceanalysis,internalforcecalculation,etc.Considerloadform:constantload,liveload,thewindloadandseismicloads.Structuredesignisinthebuildingsaredeterminedonthebasisofpreliminarydesignstructurescheme;Selectionofrationalstructuresystem;Structurallayout,andpreliminaryestimate,determinethestructurecomponentsize,structurecalculation,andfinallyproducedrawings.Keywords:framestructure;Concrete;Architecturedesign;Structuredesign;reinforcement 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)第1章建筑方案设计说明1.1设计要点1.1.1建筑平面设计依据建筑功能要求,确定柱网尺寸,然后再逐一定出个房间的开间和进深;根据交通、防火和疏散的要求确定楼梯间的位置和尺寸;确定墙体的材料和厚度。以及门窗的型号和尺寸。1.1.2建筑立面设计确定门窗立面形式,门窗的立面形式一定要与立面整体效果相协调,与平面图对照,核对雨水管和雨棚等的位置。1.1.3建筑剖面设计分析建筑物空间组合情况,确定其最合适的剖切位置,一般要求剖到楼梯及有高低错落的部位;进一步核实外墙窗台、过梁、圈梁楼板等在外墙高度的关系;根据平面图计算确定的尺寸,核对楼梯在高度方向上的梯段的尺寸。1.2建筑方案设计本方案主要突出“经济实用,以人为本”,努力创造功能合理,经济适用,安全舒适,环境优美,满足人们日常生活需要。1.2.1建筑平面设计整栋建筑为南北朝向,建筑物主入口朝向为北面。整栋住宅楼为现浇混凝土框架结构,在框架结构的平面布置上,柱网是竖向承重构件,定位轴线在建筑平面上形成网络。既满足建筑平面布置和适用功能的要求,又要是结构受力合理,构件种类少,施工方便,柱网布置还应与建筑分隔墙布置相协调,一般常将柱子设在纵横建筑墙交叉点上,以尽量减少柱网对建筑适用功能的影响。各房间的开间和进深根据现行住宅建筑设计规范划定。建筑物的总长为37.80m,总宽度为11.10m,总面积2475.12m2。第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)1.2.2建筑立面设计该住宅楼在立面上采用凸窗,不仅能满足室内采光的要求,同时可以使人们拥有更广阔的视野,更大限度地感受自然、亲近自然,还增加了立面的美观效果。1.2.3建筑剖面设计建筑物的剖面图要反映出建筑物在垂直方向上各部分的组合关系。剖面设计的主要任务是确定建筑物各部分应有的高度、建筑物的层数及建筑空间的组合关系。在建筑物的层高上,层高均为3.0m,室内外高差为0.9m。建筑物为六层,总建筑的高度为21.9m。此设计满足“经济、适用、美观”的总体要求,建筑简洁、富有现代气息。1.3建筑设计说明本工程为万州区未来城小区1#住宅楼建筑结构设计,该工程总面积为2475.12m2。根据任务书上提供的资料:常年主导风向为西北风,基本风压为0.4KN/m2,本建筑场地为II级阶地地貌,不考虑抗震设计。本工程设计取底室内楼面为设计±0.000标高;图中标注除特别注明外,标高以米(m)计,尺寸以毫米(mm)计。第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)第2章结构计算书2.1设计资料2.1.1工程概况未来城小区六层住宅楼,其标准层建筑平面图如图2-1所示,房屋总长度37.80m,总宽度11.10m,建筑总面积约2475.12m2。层高均为3m,总高度21.9m。室内外高差900mm,室内设计标高±0.000,如图2-2所示拟采用现浇混凝土框架结构,混凝土条形基础。设计使用年限50年,结构安全等级为二级,不考虑抗震设防。2.1.2建筑做法墙体采用200mm厚A3.5加气混凝土块,±0.000以下采用M7.5水泥砂浆、±0.000以上采用M5.0混合砂浆。内粉刷为混合砂浆底,纸筋灰面,厚20mm,内墙涂料。楼面为20mm厚水泥砂浆找平,5mm厚1:2水泥砂浆加“108”胶水着色粉面层;底板为15mm厚纸筋面石灰抹底,涂料两度。屋面为现浇楼板上铺膨胀珍珠岩保温层,1:2水泥砂浆找平层厚20mm,二毡三油防水层。2.1.3可变荷载建设地点基本风压wo=0.4KN/m2,室内楼面可变荷载标准值2.0KN/m2,上人屋面楼面可变荷载标准值2.5KN/m2,楼梯可变荷载标准值2.5KN/m2,组合值系数0.7。2.1.4地质条件(1)本建筑场地为II级阶地地貌,勘探深度内从自然地面以下土层依次为:新近堆积黄土,承载力特征值ƒak(kPa)为160kPa,层厚2.0m左右。砂、砾石层,承载力特征值ƒak(kPa)为200kPa,层厚3~5m左右。卵石层,承载力特征值ƒak(kPa)为280kPa。(2)水文地质条件第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)本场地内无不良环境水文地质条件,地下水位深6.0米。地下水对混凝土无腐蚀性。2.1.5设计内容试设计一榀横向框架及相应的横向条形基础。2.2上部结构布置采用纵横向框架承重方案,因总长度未超过伸缩缝最大间距,不设伸缩缝,如图所示构件截面尺寸估算如下:双向板的最大跨度为4.2m,板厚应满足h≥l/40=105mm,现取h=120mm。横向框架梁,取h=l/12=4200mm/12=350mm,b=h/2=175mm,取b=200mm纵向框架梁,取bxh=200mmx350mm;连梁取bxh=200mmx300mm。永久荷载标准值按12N/m2估算,可变荷载标准值为2N/m2,则底层中柱轴力估算值:N=[1.2x12x3.6x4.5+1.4x2x3.6x4.5]x6KN=1671.84KN以1.4N按轴心受压构件估算所需截面面积。取配筋率ρ=1%,则所需截面面积A=1.4N/[0.9(fc+ρf)]=149462mm2,现取bxh=400mmx400mm。第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)图2-2某住宅楼剖面图第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)图2-1标准层建筑平面图第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)图2-3标准层结构平面布置图第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)2.3上部结构分析2.3.1计算简图梁柱刚接,柱固结于基础顶面,结构计算简图如图2-4所示。图2-4横向框架计算简图横向框架的计算单元取一个开间,即3.6m宽。框架梁的计算长度取左右相邻柱形心之间的距离,即轴线距离;框架柱的计算高度取上下层横梁中心线之间的距离。假定基础顶面距1000mm,则底层计算高度为:基础顶面到室外地面的距离(1.0m)+室内外高差(0.9m)+层高(3.0m)-梁高(0.35m)/2=4.752m。因上部各层横梁尺寸相同、楼面做法相同(楼面建筑层厚度相同),其余层计算高度等于层高为3.0m。计算框架梁截面惯性矩时考虑到现浇板的作用,取I=2.0Io(Io为不考虑楼板翼缘作用的梁截面惯性矩)。梁、柱线刚度的计算过程列于表2-1.表2-1梁、柱的线性刚度构件名称截面惯性矩Io/mm4等效惯性矩I/mm4构件长度/m线刚度i(KN·m)相对线刚度FD0.2x0.353/12=2x0.0007=0.0012.70.0014/2.7=5.181.17第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)框架梁跨0.00074x10-4EDB跨0.2x0.353/12=0.00072x0.0007=0.00144.20.0014/4.2=3.33x10-4E0.75BA边跨0.2x0.353/12=0.00072x0.0007=0.00144.20.0014/4.8=3.33x10-4E0.75框架柱底层0.4x0.43/12=0.00210.00214.7520.0021/4.752=4.42x10-4E1其余层0.4x0.43/12=0.00210.00213.00.0021/3.0=7.0x10-4E1.582.3.2竖向荷载计算一、永久荷载1)、屋面面荷载二毡三油防水层0.35KN/m220厚1:2水泥砂浆找平层0.02x20KN/m2=0.40KN/m2100厚~140厚(2%找坡)膨胀珍珠岩(0.10+0.14)/2x7KN/m2=0.84KN/m2120厚现浇钢筋混凝土楼板0.12x25KN/m2=3.00KN/m215厚纸筋灰抹底0.015x16KN/m2=0.24KN/m2合计4.83KN/m22)楼面面荷载25厚水泥砂浆面层0.025x20KN/m2=0.50KN/m2120厚现浇钢筋混凝土楼板0.12x25KN/m2=3.00KN/m215厚纸筋灰抹底0.015x16KN/m2=0.24KN/m2合计3.74KN/m23)梁自重200x350梁:0.20x(0.35-0.12)x25KN/m+2x(0.35-0.12)x0.34KN/m=1.3064KN/m200x300梁:0.20x(0.30-0.12)x25KN/m+2x(0.30-0.12)x0.34KN/m=1.0564KN/m4)柱子自重0.40x0.40x25KN/m+(2x0.40+2x0.40)x0.34KN/m=4.109KN/m5)楼(屋)面板传给横向框架梁的线荷载第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)楼(屋)面板传给横向框架梁的线荷载,最左边边跨梁是三角形分布,中跨梁和右边边跨梁是梯形分布,如图2-5所示。图2-5框架梁负荷范围顶层梁(FD跨):g1=4.83x2.7KN/m=13.041KN/m顶层梁(DB和BA跨):g2=4.83x3.6KN/m=17.388KN/m其余层梁(FD跨):g1=3.74x2.7KN/m=10.098KN/m其余层梁(DB和BA跨):g2=3.74x3.6KN/m=13.464KN/m6)横梁自重、横墙均布线荷载顶层梁:g2=1.3064KN/m其余层梁:g2=1.3064KN/m+(3.0-0.35)x1.4KN/m=5.0164KN/m7)纵向框架梁传给柱上的集中荷载及柱自重顶层(A轴):屋顶女儿墙1.2x3.6x2.95KN=12.744KN屋面板传来1.82x4.83KN=15.6492KN框架梁自重3.6x1.3064KN=4.703KN合计G=33.096KN顶层(C轴):板传来2x1.82x4.83KN=31.2984KN框架梁自重3.6x1.3064KN=4.703KN合计G=36.001KN第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)顶层(F轴):屋面板传来(1.82+1.35x3.6-1.352)x4.83KN=30.32KN框架梁自重3.6x1.3064KN=4.703KN合计G=35.023KN顶层(H轴):屋顶女儿墙:1.2x3.6x2.95KN=12.744KN屋面板传来(1.35x3.6-1.352)x4.83KN=14.671KN框架梁自重3.6x1.3064KN=4.703KN合计G=32.118KN其余层(A轴):外纵墙(3.0-0.35)x3.6x1.4KN-1.8x1.8x(1.4-0.45)KN=10.278KN楼面板传来1.82x3.74KN=12.12KN框架梁自重3.6x1.3064KN=4.703KN架柱自重3.0x4.109KN=12.326KN合计G=39.427KN其余层(C轴):内纵墙(3.0-0.35)x3.6x1.4KN=13.356KN楼面板传来2x1.82x3.74KN=24.235KN框架梁自重4.703KN框架柱自重12.326KN合计G=54.620KN其余层(F轴):内纵墙13.356KN楼面板传来(1.82+1.35x3.6-1.352)x3.74KN=23.478KN框架梁自重4.703KN框架柱自重12.326KN合计G=53.863KN第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)其余层(H轴):外纵墙(3.0-0.35)x3.6x1.4KN-1.8x1.8x(1.4-0.45)KN=10.278KN楼面板传来(1.35x3.6-1.352)x3.75KN=11.36KN框架梁自重4.703KN框架柱自重12.326KN合计G=38.667KN二、楼(屋)面可变荷载1、楼(屋)面可变荷载传到横向框架梁上的线荷载楼(屋)面可变荷载由楼(屋)板传给框架梁,传递方式与楼(屋)面永久荷载相同。顶层梁线荷载(FD跨):q=2.7x2.5KN/m=6.75KN/m梁线荷载(DB、BA跨):q=3.6x2.5KN/m=9.0KN/m其余层梁线荷载(FD跨):q=2.7x2.0KN/m=5.4KN/m梁线荷载(DB、BA跨):q=3.6x2.0KN/m=7.2KN/m单位:KN/m第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)图2-6(a)永久荷载单位:KN/m图2-6(b)楼(屋)面可变荷载1、楼(屋)面可变荷载由纵向框架梁传给柱的集中荷载楼(屋)面可变荷载由纵向框架梁传给柱的集中荷载,传递方式与楼(屋)面永久荷载相同。顶层梁(A轴):Q=15.65x2.5/4.83KN=8.10KN顶层(B轴):Q=31.3x2.5/4.83KN=16.20KN顶层(D轴):Q=30.32x2.5/4.83KN=15.69KN顶层(F轴):Q=14.67x2.5/4.83KN=7.59KN其余层(A轴):Q=12.12x2.0/3.74KN=6.48KN其余层(B轴):Q=24.24x2.0/3.74KN=12.96KN其余层(D轴):Q=23.48x2.0/3.74KN=12.56KN其余层(F轴):Q=11.36x2.0/3.74KN=6.07KN楼面可变荷载分布如图2-6(b)所示。2.3.3水平风荷载计算框架结构的水平风荷载简化为作用在楼层位置的集中荷载。风荷载标准值计算公式为:ωk=βzμsμzω0楼层位置的集中风荷载:Fw=Bxhxωk因结构高度小于30m,可取βz=1.0;对于矩形平面形状,μs=1.3;μz查《基本教程》附录A.7可得;B是单元宽度,此处取3.6m;h为上下楼层高度的平均值。计算结果如表2-2。第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)表2-2水平风荷载计算楼层βzμsz/mμzWk(KN/m2)B/mH/mFw/KN61.01.318.91.230.643.63.06.9151.01.315.91.140.593.63.06.3741.01.312.91.080.563.63.06.0531.01.39.91.000.523.63.05.6221.01.36.91.000.523.63.05.6211.01.33.91.000.523.63.456.46风荷载分布如图2-7所示。单位:KN图2-7横向框架风荷载分布2.3.4竖向荷载作用下内力计算一、永久荷载作用下作用在柱子上的集中永久荷载仅产生柱轴力,不必进行内力分析。因竖向永久荷载作用下结构的侧移可以忽略,故可以采用弯矩分配法计算内力。内力的正负号采用如下规定:节点弯矩以逆时针为正,杆端弯矩以顺时针为正;杆端剪力以顺时针为正;轴力以压为正。取如图2-8所示进行结构分析。第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)图2-8框架结构计算简图1、计算各杆件的分配系数μUV=(6X0.52)/(6X0.52+6X1.58)=0.248μUT=1-μRQ=0.752μVU=(6X0.52)/(6X0.52+6X1.58+1X1.5)=0.221μVS=(6X1.58)/(6X0.52+6X1.58+1X1.5)=0.672μVW=(1X1.5)/(6X0.52+6X1.58+1X1.5)=0.107μWV=(6X0.75)/(6X0.75+6X1.58+6x1.17)=0.214μWR=(6X1.58)/(6X0.75+6X1.58+6x1.17)=0.451μWX=(6X1.17)/(6X0.75+6X1.58+6x1.17)=0.335μXW=(6X1.17)/(6X1.58+6x1.17)=0.425μXQ=(6X1.58)/(6X1.58+6x1.17)=0.575同理可求得其他杆端的分配系数,详见表2-3所示。2、计算固端弯矩图2-9梯形分布荷载第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)对于图2-9所示梯形分布荷载,其固端弯矩:MgAB=MgBA=取а=0.5,即为三角形分布荷载的固端弯矩:MgAB=MgBA=各杆件的固端弯矩见表2-3。1、分配与传递经过三轮分配与传递,精度已达到要求,计算过程详见表3。2、最后杆端弯矩将各杆端的固端弯矩和各次分配、传递的弯矩相加,即得到杆端的最终弯矩,见表3.3、跨中弯矩在梁的杆端弯矩基础上叠加相应简支梁弯矩,得到跨中弯矩。对于图2-9所示梯形分布荷载的跨中弯矩:M中=取а=0.5,即为三角形分布荷载的跨中弯矩。永久荷载下的弯矩如图2-10·a所示,图中节点弯矩之和并不完全等于零,系计算误差所致。4、杆件剪力逐个将杆件取脱离体,利用力矩平衡条件可求出杆件剪力。杆件剪力计算结果见表2-4,剪力图如图2-10·b所示。表2-4永久荷载作用下剪力(单位:KN)左边跨中间跨有边跨层高LRLRLR611.0124.1921.9351.0724.8158.61511.8424.5015.5640.9817.1747.43411.7624.5815.5640.9817.3647.24311.7624.5815.5840.9617.3047.30211.7324.6115.5640.9817.3447.26111.7624.5815.5640.9817.3847.225、柱轴力自顶层向下,逐个节点取脱离体,利用竖向平衡条件,可求得柱轴力,如图2-10·c所示。第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)单位:KN·m图2-10(a)永久荷载下弯矩图单位:KN图2-10(b)永久荷载下剪力图第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)单位:KN图2-10(c)永久荷载下轴力图第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)表2-3永久荷载下的弯矩的分配与传递节点XWVUT杆端XQXWWXWRWVVWVSVUUVUTTUTMTS分配系数0.5750.4250.3350.4510.2140.1070.6720.2210.7520.2480.450.450.01固端弯矩 -12.0312.03 -30.5130.52 -33.6733.67   22.05分配与传递9.382.651.65           -1.38-2.75-9.49-0.25-0.13    -7.55      0.170.3312.983.121.56 -6.53-6.53-0.15       -1.89-3.78-15.1  0.082.69  -2.06  3.23  -3.27                           -4.25                           最终弯矩12.07-10.7610.93-11.55-30.6030.7216.21-32.4415.1-18.37-14.08-10.7821.98节点SRQP杆端STSNSVSRRSRWRORQQRQXQPPQPIPO分配系数0.010.440.440.010.010.430.430.130.120.440.440.440.440,12-22.05  0.95-0.95  15.3-15.3    -15.3第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)固端弯矩分配与传递 6.49   -4.75   4.69            -0.63     -0.08       1.735.375.372.69  0.156.466.460.150.08     2.785.555.551.51   -0.05-0.1-4.13-4.13-1.25     -0.92       0.87        3.95   -3.04     2.92                             最终弯矩-21.9812.9510.411.05-0.97-8.88-7.1714.92-14.210.068.158.248.47-14.71表2-3永久荷载下的弯矩的分配与传第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)表2-3永久荷载下的弯矩的分配与传递节点ONML杆端OPOROJONNONSNMMNMTMLLMLELK分配系数0.130.430.430.010.010.440.440.010.10.450.450.450.45固端弯矩15.3  -0.950.95  -22.0522.05    分配与传递 -0.97   3.23   -3.27                     7.897.890.180.09    0.76      -0.95-1.89-8.49-8.49-4.25 -1.84-6.08-6.08-0.14-0.07     -4.01-8.01-8.01   0.090.18          -2.45   3.97     -4.08                          最终弯矩14.22-7.05-8.53-11.0611.1211.86-22.8220.25-11.76-12.5-12.2612.09第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)表2-3永久荷载下的弯矩的分配与传递节点KJIH杆端KLKNKFKJJKJOJGJIIJIPIHHIHAHG分配系数0.10.010.440.440.010.01O.430.430.130.120.440.440.440.44固端弯矩22.05-22.05  0.95-0.95  15.3-15.3    分配与传递  3.95   -3.04   2.78                    7.940.180.09            -0.06-0.11-4.9-4.9-1.48-0.74    -1.78-0.89      0.81.595.835.832.92 0.090.187.94        2.735.455.45                 3.79   -2.72     4.78              最终弯矩20.36-22.7611.8911.731.07-0.97-7,94-7.6214.62-14.458.618.568.3710.23第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)表2-3永久荷载下的弯矩的分配与传递节点GFED杆端GHGJGBGFFGFKFCFEEFELEDDEDC分配系数0.130.430.010.010.440.440.10.450.450.530.340.130.13固端弯矩           22.05-22.05分配与传递15.3 -0.950.95  22.05          3.97  -4.01-8.16-4.08   0.75       -4.42.-5.2-3.34-1.27-0.64-1.65-5.44-0.13-0.07       1.132.25  0.090.177.577.570.09            -1.81-8.16      -0.96   4.5                                 最终弯矩14.4-6.4-0.991.0511.5412.0720.33-12.17-12.58-9.773.3419.78-21.5第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)表2-3永久荷载下的弯矩的分配与传递节点CBA杆端CDCFCBBCBGBAABAHAY分配系数0.520.010.440.440.10.450.450.520.33固端弯矩        分配与传递3.790.95  22.05  2.73   3.97  -4.01-8.16           9-0.07        0.177.577.570.09        -1.81-8.16      4.5  -4.42.         9.556.06         最终弯矩12.791.0511.5412.0720.33-12.17-12.5812.286.06第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)二、楼面可变荷载作用下可变荷载需考虑最不利布置。谋一跨梁跨内出现最大弯矩的布置方法是本跨布置可变荷载,然后隔跨、隔层布置;某一跨梁跨内出现最小弯矩的布置方法是本跨不布置可变荷载,然后隔跨、隔层布置;梁端和柱端出现最大弯矩的布置方法比较复杂。现考虑图2-11所示两种可变荷载布置方式。求边跨梁跨中最大弯矩是采用可变荷载布置方式Ⅰ;求跨中梁跨中最大弯矩时采用可变荷载布置方式Ⅱ;求梁支座最大弯矩时近似采用可变荷载满布,即Ⅰ+Ⅱ。单位:KN/m单位:KN/m图2-11(a)楼面可变荷载布置Ⅰ图2-11(b)楼面可变荷载布置Ⅱ因上述两种可变荷载分布方式均为对称荷载,所以仍可以采用图2-8所示的半结构计算简图,计算方法同永久荷载。1、计算各杆件分配系数各杆件分配系数同上。2.计算固端弯矩矩形荷载计算公式为:M=/12梯形荷载计算公式为:M=为板短边一半与长边的比值。此次1=,2=。三角形荷载计算公式为:M=,=0.5,故M=六层固端弯矩:第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)五层固端弯矩:其余层固端弯矩同五层。3.分配与传递分配弯矩为:传递系数为远端固定C=0.5传递弯矩为:其余节点计算同理。5.跨中弯矩的计算梯形跨中弯矩计算公式:;三角形跨中弯矩计算公式:;矩形跨中弯矩计算公式:;此次左跨右跨跨中弯矩计算结果见表2-5:表2-5楼面可变荷载作用下跨中弯矩(单位:KN·m)层数左边跨中间跨右边跨6-4.61-15.75-28.085-3.46-12.83-23.594-3.54-12.85-23.553-2.84-14.45-22.232-2.85-13.87-25.191-3.71-11.51-22.681、杆件剪力逐个将杆件取脱离体,利用力矩平衡条件可求出杆件剪力。杆件剪力计算结果见表2-6,楼面可变荷载作用下剪力图如图2-12·b所示。第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)表2-6楼面可变荷载作用下剪力计算(单位KN)左边跨中间跨有边跨层高LRLRLR66.8311.399.7728.039.7233.4855.479.117.5922.666.6527.9245.399.197.5622.6813.0121.5535.788.805.9624.288.1226.5526.088.506.5523.705.0529.5115.239.368.9021.347.5727.001、柱轴力自顶层向下,逐个节点取脱离体,利用竖向平衡条件,可求得柱轴力,如图2-12·c所示。图2-12(a)楼面可变荷载下弯矩图(单位:KN·m)第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)图2-12(b)楼面可变荷载下剪力图(单位:KN)图2-21(c)楼面可变荷载下轴力图(单位:KN)第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)节点XWVUT杆端XQXWWXWRWVVWVSVUUVUTTUTMTS分配系数0.780.220.220.760.020.020.790.190.20.80.450.450.01固端弯矩 -2.562.56 -9.049.04 -13.3313.33   10.67分配与传递2.000.560.28           -0.28-0.56-2.00-0.17-0.13    -6.22      0.140.2811.142.681.34 -5.35-4.80-0.12       -1.55-3.11-12.43  0.04         -2.68   0.83  -0.69  1.19                 -0.68                           最终弯矩2.83-2.282.28-2.69-9.079.1912.33-12.211.56-15.11-11.57-5.4810.59表2-4可变荷载下的弯矩的分配与传递第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)表2-4可变荷载下的弯矩的分配与传递节点SRQP杆端STSNSVSRRSRWRORQQRQXQPPQPIPO分配系数0.010.440.440.010.010.430.430.130.120.440.440.440.440,12固端弯矩-10.67  7.52-7.52  2.05-2.05    -2.05分配与传递 5.57   -0.38   0.38            -0.21     -0.06       0.451.661.660.83  0.052.372.370.050.03     0.691.371.370.37   -0.02-0.03-1.38-1.38-0.42     0.27       0.23        0.09   -0.88                                 0.76 最终弯矩-10.687.942.467.55-7.52-1.332.261.86-1.782.042.352.22.13-1.41第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)表2-4可变荷载下的弯矩的分配与传递节点ONML杆端OPOROJONNONSNMMNMTMLLMLELK分配系数0.130.430.430.010.010.440.440.010.10.450.450.450.45固端弯矩-2.05  -7.527.52  -10.6710.67    10.67分配与传递 -0.69   1.19   -2.68                     0.170.170.040.02    0.19      -0.15-0.3-1.36-1.36-0.68 -0.53-1.75-1.75-0.04-0.02     -1.13-2.25-2.25   0.020.04 1.21                               -1.03  -0.59          最终弯矩-2.39-2.44-2.34-7.587.541.361.38-10.7810.39-4.04-2.49-2.937.39第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)表2-4可变荷载下的弯矩的分配与传递节点KJIH杆端KLKNKFKJJKJOJGJIIJIPIHHIHAHG分配系数0.10.010.440.440.010.01O.430.430.130.120.440.440.440.44固端弯矩-10.67 7.52-7.52  2.05-2.05    -2.05分配与传递  0.09   -0.88   0.69                    2.410.060.03            -0.02-0.03-1.18-1.18-0.37-0.19    -0.5-0.25      0.210.411.511.510.76 0.030.062.41        0.71.41.4                 0.91   -0.69     0.85              最终弯矩-11.14-5.822.510.84-7.480.35-2.060.18-2.21-3.722.22.212.160.20第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)表2-4可变荷载下的弯矩的分配与传递节点GFED杆端GHGJGBGFFGFKFCFEEFELEDDEDC分配系数0.130.430.010.010.440.440.10.450.450.530.340.130.13固端弯矩2.05 -7.527.52  10.6710.67   10.67分配与传递  -0.59   1.21   -1.13               0.380.19         -2.05-1.03-0.21-0.42-1.37-1.37-0.03-0.02     -1.23-2.46    0.020.041.821.820.040.02           -0.24-0.47-2.05                  -0.75   1.23                  最终弯矩2.223.71-1.96-9.647.510.373.0313.7210.475.22-3.18-3.287.18第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)表2-4可变荷载下的弯矩的分配与传递节点CBA杆端CDCFCBBCBGBAABAHAY分配系数0.520.010.440.440.10.450.520.33固端弯矩-10.677.52-7.522.05-2.05分配与传递0.91-0.69-1.58-0.6-0.30.310.612.451.60.050.03-0.02-0.03-1.49-0.68最终弯矩-12.255.387.83-4.611.62.08-2.05-2.18-0.68第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)2.3.5风荷载作用下的内力计算风荷载作用下的内力计算采用D值法。首先按《基本教程》中表4-1计算各柱的修正抗侧刚度,线刚度比计算方法:=;=修正系数计算方法;=;=修正抗侧刚度:=计算结果详见见表2-7。然后将楼层剪力按修正抗侧刚度分配给每根柱、将各柱的剪力乘以反弯点到柱端的距离得到柱端弯矩,将柱节点的弯矩之和按梁的线刚度分配给与该节点相连的梁,梁左右端弯矩之和除以梁跨得到梁剪力;最后自顶层向下,逐个节点取脱离体,利用竖向力平衡条件,可求得柱轴力。层间剪力:=楼层刚度:=柱剪力:=计算过程详见表2-8。表2-7柱的修正抗侧刚度柱号楼层柱线刚度KN·m梁柱线刚度比修正系数层高h/m修正抗侧刚度相对抗侧刚度边柱A一般层0.000700Ec0.3290.14131.3161.384底层0.000442Ec0.5200.4054.7520.9511边柱F一般层0.000700Ec0.7410.27032.5202.650底层0.000442Ec1.1700.5274.7521.2381.302中柱B一般层0.000700Ecc0.8040.28732.6792.818底层0.000442Ec1.2700.5414.7521.2711.336中柱D一般层0.000700Ec1.2150.37833.5283.710底层0.000442Ec1.9200.6174.7521.4491.524第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)楼层楼层风荷载层间剪力层高柱/梁号柱相对抗侧刚度楼层刚度柱剪力反弯点刚度六层6.916.913边跨F2.6508.0682.2650.22边跨A1.3848.0681.1830.22中跨D3.71013.0541.9640.23中跨B2.81713.0541.4910.23五层6.3713.283边跨F2.6508.0684.3520.32边跨A1.3848.0682.2780.32中跨D3.71013.0543.7740.33中跨B2.81713.0542.8660.33四层6.0519.333边跨F2.6508.0686.3490.37边跨A1.3848.0683.3160.37中跨D3.71013.0545.4940.38中跨B2.81713.0544.1710.38三层5.6224.953边跨F2.6508.0688.1950.45边跨A1.3848.0684.2800.45中跨D3.71013.0547.0910.45中跨B2.81713.0545.3840.45二层5.6230.573边跨F2.6508.06810.0410.50边跨A1.3848.0685.2440.50中跨D3.71013.0548.6880.50中跨B2.81713.0546.5970.50一层6.4637.034.752边跨F1.3024.60410.4720.83边跨A14.6048.0430.83中跨D1.5245.7209.8660.82中跨B1.3365.7208.6490.82表2-8-1风荷载作用下内力计算上端:下端:柱节点弯矩之和:梁端弯矩:梁剪力:柱轴力:表2-8-2风荷载作用下内力计算楼层柱端弯矩/(KN·m)柱节点弯矩之和梁相对线刚度梁端弯矩/(KN·m)梁跨梁剪力/KN柱轴力Nc/KN上端下端左端右端六层4.981.406.380.453.0543.3263-2.1272.1274.271.215.480.382.6032.8773.6-1.5223.6494.731.416.140.493.3062.8342.5-2.4566.1054.031.155.180.422.3912.7892.5-2.0728.177五层8.423.9612.380.455.9276.4533-4.12712.304第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)7.223.4010.620.385.0455.5763.6-2.95015.2547.993.9311.920.496.4195.5022.5-4.76820.0226.803.3510.150.424.6855.4652.5-4.06024.082四层11.066.5017.560.458.4069.1543-5.85329.9359.495.5815.070.387.1587.9123.6-4.18634.12110.496.4316.920.499.1117.8092.5-6.76840.8898.925.4714.390.426.6427.7492.5-5.75646.645三层12.3410.1022.440.4510.74311.6983-7.48054.12510.608.6719.270.389.15310.1173.6-5.35359.47811.899.7321.620.4911.6429.9322.5-8.63068.10810.128.2818.40.428.4929.9082.5-7.36075.468二层12.9012.9025.80.4512.35113.4493-8.60084.06811.0711.0722.140.3810.51711.6243.6-6.15090.21812.4312.4324.860.4913.38611.4742.5-9.944100.16210.5810.5821.160.429.76611.3942.5-8.464108.626一层7.6037.1044.70.4521.39923.3013-14.900123.5266.8133.2640.070.3819.03321.0373.6-11.131134.6577.7637.4345.190.4924.33320.8572.5-18.076152.7337.0432.0839.120.4218.05521.0652.5-15.648168.3812.3.6风荷载作用下的侧移计算将层间剪力除以层间刚度即得到层间位移,各层间位移累加得到顶点位移。考虑到砼构件的开裂,将柱抗侧刚度乘以0.85。C20砼Ec=25.5KN/m2。计算过程见表6,层间位移和顶点位移均满足规范限值。其余楼层刚度L=0.85*4.33*1.377*10-4*30*106=1.520*104其余楼层刚度R=0.85*4.95*1.234*10-4*30*106=1.558*1041楼楼层刚度L=0.85*4.684*1.377*10-4*30*106=1.645*1041楼楼层刚度R=0.85*4.476*1.377*10-4*30*106=1.572*104表2-9风荷载作用下侧位移楼层层间剪力/KN楼层刚度/(KN/m)层间位移允许位移/m67.901.520*1045.1973/5001.558*1045.07157.431.520*1044.8883/5001.558*1044.76946.421.520*1044.2243/5001.558*1044.12136.051.520*1043.9803/5001.558*1043.88324.161.520*1042.7373/5001.558*1042.67014.501.645*1042.7364.65/5001.572*1042.863顶点位移0.004713919.65/500=0.0393第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)2.4梁柱构件设计2.4.1内力组合梁作为受弯构件,其控制内力是弯矩和剪力。每根框架梁有三个控制截面,即左右两端及跨中截面。两端截面组合最大负弯矩和最大剪力,跨中截面作何最大正弯矩或最大负弯矩。柱作为偏压构件,其控制内力是弯矩和轴力,每层每根框架柱有上下两端两个控制截面,分别组合最大弯矩及相应的轴力、最大轴力及相应的弯矩、最小轴力及相应的弯矩。多层框架内力一般由可变荷载效应控制,基本组合可采用简化规则,考虑以下三种情况:①1.2x永久荷载标准值产生的内力+1.4x楼面可变荷载标准值产生的内力②1.2x永久荷载标准值产生的内力+1.4x风荷载标准值产生的内力③1.2x永久荷载标准值产生的内力+1.4x0.9x(风荷载标准值产生的内力+楼面可变荷载标准值产生的内力)竖向荷载下框架梁的弯矩可以调幅,降低支座弯矩,相应增加跨中弯矩。当跨中为负弯矩时,不作调幅。可变荷载下的内力在活荷载布置Ⅰ、活载布置Ⅱ及Ⅰ+Ⅱ(即满布)中选择最大的一项。风荷载内力可以反号,根据组合需要取正值或负值。组合柱轴力时尚需考虑纵向框架梁传来的轴力。因采用对称配筋,不在区分正负弯矩。框架梁内力的组合值见表2-10,框架柱内力的组合值见表2-11。表2-10框架梁内力的基本组合值(单位:弯矩KN·m,剪力KN,轴力KN)梁号截面内力调幅恒载调幅活载风载1.2*恒+1.4*活1.2*恒+1.4*风1.2*恒+1.4*0.9(风+活)选取内力六层边跨L左端-M-10.76-0.873.05-14.13-8.64-10.17-14.13V19.451.58-2.1325.5520.3622.6525.55中端-M-0.76-0.08-1.02-0.91-1.01-1.02右端-M-10.93-0.873.33-14.33-8.45-10.02-14.33V19.561.58-2.1325.6820.4922.7825.68六层中跨左端-M-0.08-0.032.850.143.893.463.89V6.560.06-2.267.964.715.107.96中端-M-0.70-0.13-1.02-0.84-1.00-1.02右端-M-0.20-0.362.810.743.692.853.69V6.730.50-2.268.784.915.868.78六层边跨R左端-M-16.09-13.082.60-37.62-15.67-32.51-37.62V23.131.71-1.5230.1525.6328.0030.15中端-M-1.07-11.62-17.55-1.28-15.93-17.55右端-M-15.10-12.433.88-35.52-12.69-28.89-35.52V23.683.96-1.5233.9626.2931.4933.96五层边跨L左端-M-14.2-3.705.93-22.22-8.74-14.23-22.22V27.386.28-4.1341.6527.0735.5741.65中端-M-3.16-0.58-4.60-3.79-4.52-4.60右端-M-14.92-3.756.45-23.15-8.87-14.50-23.15第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)V27.866.32-4.1342.2827.6536.1942.28五层中跨左端-M-0.97-0.355.551.656.615.396.61V3.061.11-2.955.230.461.355.23中端-M-0.22-0.08-0.38-0.26-0.36-0.38右端-M-1.05-0.386.481.797.816.437.81V3.171.14-2.955.400.331.525.40五层边跨R左端-M-21.98-5.685.05-34.33-19.31-27.17-34.33V33.137.54-2.9550.3135.6345.5450.31中端-M-3.54-1.10-5.79-4.25-5.63-5.79右端-M-21.98-5.595.58-34.20-18.56-26.39-34.20V33.137.59-2.9550.3835.6345.6050.38四层边跨L左端-M-14.71-3.308.41-22.27-5.88-11.21-22.27V27.456.28-5.8541.7324.7533.4841.73中端-M-3.25-0.30-4.32-3.90-4.28-4.32右端-M-14.22-3.609.15-22.10-4.25-10.07-22.10V27.776.32-5.8542.1725.1333.9242.17四层中跨左端-M-1.00-0.377.871.729.828.259.82V3.071.13-5.26-5.27-3.68-1.525.27中端-M-0.24-0.09-0.41-0.29-0.40-0.41右端-M-1.06-0.377.781.799.628.069.62V3.151.13-5.26-5.36-3.58-1.425.36四层边跨R左端-M-22.82-5.787.16-35.48-17.36-25.65-35.48V32.467.45-4.1949.3833.0943.0649.38中端-M-3.99-1.05-6.26-4.79-6.11-6.26右端-M-20.25-5.397.91-31.85-13.23-21.12-31.85V32.827.67-4.1950.1233.5243.7750.12三层边跨L左端-M-14.45-3.7210.74-22.55-2.30-8.49-22.55V27.556.28-7.4841.8522.5931.5541.85中端-M-3.18-0.60-4.66-3.82-4.57-4.66右端-M-14.62-3.7811.69-22.84-1.18-7.58-22.84V27.676.32-7.4842.0522.7331.7442.05三层中跨左端-M-0.97-0.3510.071.6512.9311.0812.93V3.051.11-8.00-5.21-7.54-5.02-7.54中端-M-0.23-0.09-0.40-0.28-0.39-0.40右端-M-1.07-0.399.921.8312.6010.7212.60V3.171.15-8.00-5.41-7.40-4.83-7.40三层边跨R左端-M-22.76-5.829.15-35.46-14.50-23.12-35.46V32.467.38-5.3549.2831.4641.5149.28中端-M-3.96-0.97-6.11-4.75-5.97-6.11右端-M-20.365.2010.12-17.15-10.26-5.13-17.15V33.827.73-5.3551.4133.0943.5851.41二层边跨L左端-M-14.64-3.7712.35-22.85-0.28-6.76-22.85V27.546.28-8.6041.8421.0130.1241.84中端-M-3.20-0.59-4.67-3.84-4.58-4.67右端-M-14.40-3.7113.45-22.47-1.55-5.01-22.47V27.706.32-8.6042.0921.2030.3742.09二层中跨左端-M-0.99-0.3611.581.6915.0212.9515.02V3.071.12-9.23-5.25-9.24-6.53-9.24中端-M-0.23-0.08-0.39-0.28-0.38-0.39第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)右端-M-1.05-0.3711.431.7814.7412.6814.74V3.151.13-9.23-5.36-9.14-6.43-9.14二层边跨R左端-M-22.79-5.8710.52-35.57-12.62-21.49-35.57V32.467.28-6.1549.1430.3440.3849.14中端-M-3.96-1.01-6.17-4.75-6.02-6.17右端-M-20.33-5.2211.62-31.70-8.13-16.33-31.70V32.827.74-6.1550.2230.7741.3950.22一层边跨L左端-M-13.66-3.4721.4021.2513.576.2021.25V27.556.21-14.9041.7512.2022.1141.75中端-M-4.15-0.46-5.62-4.98-5.56-5.62右端-M-13.47-3.7523.3021.4116.468.4721.41V27.686.39-14.9042.1612.3622.4942.16一层中跨左端-M-0.90-0.3521.191.5728.5925.1828.59V2.981.11-16.86-5.13-20.03-16.27-20.03中端-M-0.21-0.08-0.36-0.25-0.35-0.36右端-M-1.10-0.3820.961.8528.0224.6128.02V3.241.14-16.865.48-19.72-15.92-19.72一层边跨R左端-M-21.50-5.3619.03-33.30-0.84-8.58-33.30V32.667.55-11.1349.7623.6134.6849.76中端-M-4.88-0.83-7.02-5.86-6.90-7.02右端-M-19.78-5.3821.04-31.27-5.72-4.00-31.27V33.527.57-11.1350.8224.6435.7450.82表2-11框架柱内力的基本组合值(单位:弯矩KN·m,剪力KN,轴力KN)柱号截面内力恒载纵框架传来的永久荷载恒载合计楼面活载纵向框架传来的永久荷载活载合计风荷载1.2恒+1.4活1.2恒+1.4风1.2恒+1.26(活+风)1.2恒-1.4风六层边柱L上端M12.07012.071.9501.954.9817.2121.4623.227.51N19.4529.1748.621.582.213.792.1360.6561.3365.8055.36下端M10.06010.062.0402.041.4018.9314.0316.4110.11N19.4529.1748.621.582.213.792.1360.6561.3365.8055.36六层中柱L上端M0.7000.71.4501.454.732.877.468.63-5.78N26.1240.6966.811.643.495.132.4687.3583.6289.7476.73下端M8.8808.881.3301.331.4112.5212.6314.118.68N26.1240.6966.811.643.495.132.4687.3583.6289.7476.73六层中柱R上端M16.21016.2112.33012.334.0336.7125.0940.0713.81N29.8640.6970.552.213.495.72.0792.6487.5694.4581.76下端M21.95021.957.9407.941.1537.4627.9537.7924.73N29.8640.6970.552.213.495.702.0792.6487.5694.4581.76六层边柱R上端M18.37018.3712.43012.434.2739.4528.0243.0916.07N23.6829.1752.853.962.216.171.5272.0665.5573.1161.29下端M14.08014.0811.57011.571.2133.0918.5933.0015.20N23.6829.1752.853.962.216.171.5272.0665.5573.1161.29M8.1508.152.3502.358.4213.0721.5723.35-2.01第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)五层边柱L上端N46.8377.28124.117.8610.9318.796.25175.24157.68180.48140.18下端M8.2408.242.2002.23.9612.9715.4317.654.34N46.8388.94135.777.8610.9318.796.25189.23171.67194.47154.17五层中柱L上端M7.1707.172.2602.267.9911.7719.7921.52-2.58N57.04104.59161.639.0717.4926.567.22231.14204.06236.52183.85下端M7.0507.052.4402.443.9311.8813.9616.492.96N57.0492.93149.979.0717.4926.567.22217.15190.07222.53169.86五层中柱R上端M10.41010.412.4602.466.8015.9422.0124.162.97N66.1699.98166.1410.8917.4928.386.13239.10207.95242.85190.79下端M11.12011.121.3601.363.3515.2518.0319.288.65N66.16111.64177.810.8917.4928.386.13253.09221.94256.84204.78五层边柱R上端M10.78010.786.0306.037.2221.3823.0429.632.83N56.8182.78139.5911.5510.9322.484.47198.98173.77201.47161.25下端M11.76011.764.0404.043.4019.7718.8723.499.35N56.8194.44151.2511.5510.9322.484.47212.97187.76215.46175.24四层边柱L上端M8.4708.472.1302.1311.0613.1525.6526.78-5.32N74.28137.05211.3314.1419.7533.8912.11301.04270.55311.56236.64下端M8.6108.612.2002.26.5013.4119.4321.291.23N74.28148.71222.9914.1419.7533.8912.11315.03284.54325.55250.63四层中柱L上端M8.5308.532.3402.3410.4913.5124.9226.40-4.45N87.88156.83244.7116.5231.4948.0113.99360.87313.24371.77274.07下端M7.9407.942.0602.066.4312.4118.5320.230.53N87.88168.49256.3716.5231.4948.0113.99374.86327.23385.76288.06四层中柱R上端M11.86011.861.3801.388.9716.1626.7927.271.67N101.77170.93272.719.4731.4950.9611.86398.58343.84406.39310.64下端M11.89011.892.5002.55.4717.7721.9324.316.61N101.77182.59284.3619.4731.4950.9611.86412.58357.84420.39324.63四层边柱R上端M12.50012.52.4902.499.4918.4928.2930.091.71N89.63148.05237.6819.2219.7538.978.66339.77297.34345.23273.09下端M12.26012.262.9302.935.5818.8122.5225.436.90N89.63159.71249.3419.2219.7538.978.66353.77311.33359.22287.08上端M8.5208.522.2102.2112.3413.3227.5028.56-7.05第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)三层边柱LN101.83196.82298.6520.4228.5748.9919.59426.97385.81444.79330.95下端M8.2708.272.1602.1610.1012.9524.0625.37-4.22N101.83208.48310.3120.4228.5748.9919.59440.96399.80458.78344.95三层中柱L上端M7.6207.621.8701.8711.8911.7625.7926.48-7.50N118.60220.73339.3323.9545.4969.4422.59504.41438.82523.15375.57下端M7.8907.891.9601.969.7312.2123.0924.20-4.15N118.60232.39350.9923.9545.4969.4422.59518.40452.81537.15389.56三层中柱R上端M11.73011.733.3203.3210.1218.7228.2431.01-0.09N137.40241.88379.2828.0045.4973.4919.25558.02482.09571.99428.19下端M11.54011.543.0303.038.2818.0925.4428.102.26N137.40253.54390.9428.0045.4973.4919.25572.01496.08585.98442.18三层边柱R上端M12.09012.093.2803.2810.6019.1029.3532.00-0.33N122.45213.32335.7726.9528.5755.5214.01480.65422.54490.53383.31下端M12.17012.173.1803.188.6719.0626.7429.542.47N122.45224.98347.4326.9528.5755.5214.01494.64436.53504.52397.30二层边柱L上端M10.23010.232.2502.2512.9015.4330.3431.37-5.78N129.37256.59385.9626.7037.3964.0928.19552.88502.62579.42423.69下端M12.88012.882.4002.412.9018.8233.5234.73-2.60N129.37268.25397.6226.7037.3964.0928.19566.87516.61593.42437.68二层中柱L上端M6.4006.42.1202.1212.4310.6525.0826.01-9.72N149.37284.6343431.3959.4990.8832.54648.03566.36676.31475.24下端M4.6404.642.1802.1812.438.6222.9723.98-11.83N149.37296.29445.6632.3959.4991.8832.54663.42580.35691.56489.24二层中柱R上端M12.07012.073.0503.0510.5818.7529.3031.66-0.33N173.01312.83485.8436.5159.499627.22717.41621.12738.27544.90下端M12.79012.793.3603.3610.5820.0530.1632.910.54N173.01324.49497.536.5159.499627.22731.40635.11752.26558.89二层边柱R上端M12.58012.583.2803.2811.0719.6930.5933.18-0.40N155.27278.59433.8634.8937.3972.2820.16621.82548.86637.11492.41下端M9.7709.773.4903.4911.0716.6127.2230.07-3.77N155.27290.25445.5234.8937.3972.2820.16635.82562.85651.10506.40一层边柱L上端M6.0606.061.0801.087.608.7817.9118.21-3.37第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)N156.92316.36473.2832.9146.2179.1231.29678.70611.74707.05524.13下端M3.0303.030.5400.5437.104.3955.5851.06-48.30N156.92328.02484.9432.9146.2179.1243.09692.70642.25735.91521.60一层中柱L上端M1.2401.240.9700.977.762.8512.3512.49-9.38N180.03348.53528.5638.8973.49112.3843.09791.60694.60830.16573.95下端M0.6200.620.4900.4937.431.4353.1548.52-51.66N180.03360.19540.2238.8973.49112.3850.61805.60719.12853.63577.41一层中柱R上端M5.8905.891.6001.67.049.3116.9217.95-2.79N208.91383.78592.6945.2073.49118.6943.36877.39771.93915.41650.52下端M2.9502.950.8000.832.084.6648.4544.97-41.37N208.91395.44604.3545.2073.49118.6943.36891.39785.92929.40664.52一层边柱R上端M8.8808.881.5801.586.8112.8720.1921.231.12N188.79343.86532.6542.2646.2188.4731.29763.04682.99790.08595.37下端M4.4404.440.7900.7933.266.4351.8948.23-41.24N188.79355.52544.3142.2646.2188.4731.29777.03696.98804.07609.37第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)2.4.2截面设计C25混凝土,,,;一类环境,梁柱保护层厚度为30mm。纵向钢筋采用HRB335,;箍筋采用HPB300,。1)框架梁正截面承载力计算框架梁跨中截面的正截面承载力按T形截面考虑,翼缘宽度对于边跨梁取,对于中跨梁取支座截面的正截面承载力按矩形截面考虑。梁纵筋的最小配筋率取0.2%和%之间的大值,即0.2%。框架梁的纵向配筋计算见表2-12。表2-12框架梁纵向配筋计算梁号截面弯矩值M/(KN·m)b//mm/mm选用钢筋实际钢筋面积/六层边跨FD左端14.132002700.0900.0950.953529.28120220628跨中1.0210002700.0010.0010.999600.45120220628右端14.332002700.0920.0970.952569.38120220628六层中跨DB左端3.892002200.3210.4020.799603.06140220628跨中1.025002200.0120.0120.994728.34140220760右端3.692002200.3050.3760.8121000.58140122+2201140六层边跨BA左端37.622002700.2410.2800.8601006.88140122+2201140跨中7.5512002700.0060.0060.997932.45140320942右端35.522002700.2270.2610.8701100.45140122+2201140五层边跨FD左端22.222002700.1420.1540.923620.21120220628跨中4.6010002700.0040.0040.998500.79120218509右端23.152002700.1480.1610.920611,69120220628第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)五层中跨DB左端6.612002200.0550.0570.972598.62140220628跨中0.385002200.0040.0040.998502.63140218509右端7.812002200.0650.0670.9671132.56140122+2201140五层边跨BA左端34.332002700.2200.2520.8741009.54140122+2201140跨中5.7912002700.0050.0050.997619.33140220628右端34.202002700.2190.2500.8751090.98140122+2201140四层边跨FD左端22.272002700.1420.1540.923620.21120220628跨中4.3210002700.0040.0040.998500.79120218509右端22.102002700.1410.1530.924611,69120220628四层中跨DB左端9.822002200.0810.0850.957598.62140220628跨中0.415002200.0050.0050.997502.63140218509右端9.622002200.0790.0820.9591132.56140122+2201140四层边跨BA左端35.482002700.2270.2610.8691009.54140122+2201140跨中6.2612002700.0050.0050.997619.33140220628右端31.852002700.2040.2310.8841090.98140122+2201140三层边跨FD左端22.552002700.1440.1560.922620.21120220628跨中4.6610002700.0050.0050.997500.79120218509右端22.842002700.1460.1590.921611,69120220628三层中跨DB左端12.932002200.1070.1130.943598.62140220628跨中0.405002200.0050.0050.997502.63140218509右端12.602002200.1040.1100.9451132.56140122+2201140三层边跨BA左端35.462002700.2270.2610.8691009.54140122+2201140跨中6.1112002700.0050.0050.997619.33140220628右端37.152002700.2380.2760.8621090.98140122+2201140第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)二层边跨FD左端22.852002700.1460.1590.921620.21120220628跨中4.6710002700.0050.0050.997500.79120218509右端22.472002700.1440.1560.922611,69120220628二层中跨DB左端15.022002200.1240.1330.933598.62140220628跨中0.395002200.0050.0050.997502.63140218509右端14.742002200.1220.1310.9341132.56140122+2201140二层边跨BA左端35.572002700.2280.2620.8691009.54140122+2201140跨中6.1712002700.0050.0050.997619.33140220628右端31.702002700.2030.2290.8851090.98140122+2201140一层边跨FD左端21.252002700.1360.1470.926620.21120220628跨中5.6210002700.0050.0050.997500.79120218509右端21.412002700.1370.1480.926611,69120220628一层中跨DB左端28.592002200.2360.2730.863598.62140220628跨中0.365002200.0040.0040.998502.63140218509右端28.022002200.2310.2670.8661132.56140122+2201140一层边跨BA左端33.302002700.2130.2420.8791009.54140122+2201140跨中7.0212002700.0060.0060.997619.33140220628右端31.272002700.2000.2250.8871090.98140122+22011402)框架梁斜截面承载力计算对于的梁,箍筋最大间距为200mm,最小直径为6mm。现取8@200,满足最小配箍率要求。斜截面承载力:边跨中跨第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)均大于最大剪力设计值。3)框架柱正截面承载力计算查表可等框架柱的计算长度,底层,其余层。框架柱采用对称配筋,纵向配筋计算见下表。为附加偏心距,取偏心方向截面尺寸的1/30和20mm中的较大值。表2-13框架柱纵向配筋计算柱号设计内力=M/N/mm/mm/mme/mmx/mm/选用钢筋弯矩轴力六层边柱F23.265.80352.88372.889.375111.06565.2511.504613147.555.36135.65155.659.375111.15349.009.68153.9114六层中柱D14.189.74157.23177.239.375111.13370.2715.694613145.876.7372.9892.989.375111.25286.2313.41153.9114六层中柱B40.194.45424.25444.259.375111.05636.4616.5146131413.881.76168.91188.919.375111.12381.5814.29153.9114六层边柱A43.1073.11589.38609.389.375111.04803.7612.7860331615.2161.29248.00268.009.375111.09462.1210.72153.9114五层边柱F23.40180.48129.37149.379.375111.16343.2731.5546131417.70194.4790.75110.759.375111.21304.0134.00153.9114五层中柱D21.50236.5290.98110.989.375111.21304.2941.354613143.00169.8617.4337.439.375111.62230.6429.70153.9114五层中柱B24.20242.8599.49119.499.375111.19312.1942.4646131419.28256.8475.0695.069.375111.24287.8744.90153.9114五层边柱A29.63201.40147.12167.129.375111.14360.5235.2146131623.49215.46109.02129.029.375111.18322.2437.67153.9114第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)四层边柱F26.78331.5680.76100.769.375111.23293.9357.9746131421.79325.5566.9386.939.375111.27280.4056.91153.9114四层中柱D26.40371.7771.0191.019.375111.26284.6764.9946131420.23385.7652.4472.449.375111.32265.6267.44153.9114四层中柱B27.27406.3967.1087.109.375111.27280.6271.0546131424.31420.3957.8377.839.375111.30271.1873.49153.9114四层边柱A30.09345.2387.15107.159.375111.22300.7260.3546131425.43359.2270.7990.799.375111.26284.4062.80153.9114三层边柱F28.56444.7964.2184.219.375111.28277.7977.7646131425.37458.7855.2975.299.375111.31268.6380.21153.9114三层中柱D26.48523.1550.6270.629.375111.33263.9291.4646131424.20537.1545.0565.059.375111.36258.4793.91153.9114三层中柱B31.01571.9954.2174.219.375111.31267.22100.0046131428.10585.9847.9567.959.375111.34261.05102.44153.9114三层边柱A32.00490.5365.2485.249.375111.27278.2585.7646131429.54505.5258.4378.439.375111.30271.9688.38153.9114二层边柱F34.73593.4358.5278.529.375111.30272.08103.754613145.80423.6913.6433.649.375111.69226.8574.07153.9114二层中柱D26.01676.3138.4558.459.375111.40251.83118.2446131424.00691.5934.6754.679.375111.42247.63120.91153.9114二层中柱B32.91752.2643.7463.749.375111.36256.69131.514613140.33544.900.6120.619.375112.13213.9095.26153.9114二层边柱33.20637.1152.0772.079.375111.32265.13111.38461314第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)A30.10651.1046.1866.189.375111.35259.34113.83153.9114一层边柱F51.06735.9169.3889.3811.625111.40295.13128.6660331648.30521.6092.59112.5911.625111.32318.6291.19201.1116一层中柱D53.20719.1273.9093.9011.625111.38299.58125.7246131448.52853.6356.8376.8311.625111.46282.17149.24153.9114一层中柱B48.50785.9261.6581.6511.625111.44287.58137.4046131445.00929.4048.3868.3811.625111.52273.94162.48153.9114一层边柱A51.90696.9874.4594.4511.625111.38300.34121.8546131448.23804.0759.9879.9811.625111.45285.97140.57153.9114最小钢筋面积0.002*400*400=320mm2,所有截面均配置216(As=402mm2)柱的箍筋按构造配置。箍筋间距不大于400mm及截面的短边尺寸(400mm),且不大于15d=210,mm(d为配筋最小直径),箍筋直径不小于6mm且不小于d/4=3.5mm。故箍筋采用8@200。第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)2.5板配筋计算2.5.1荷载计算楼面恒载、活载计算:g=1.2x4.83=5.796KN/m2q=1.4x2.5=3.36KN/m2q/2=1.68KN/m2g+q/2=7.476KN/m2g+q=9.156KN/m22.5.2弯矩计算当板的各区格均受g+q/2时,可近似地认为板都嵌固在中间支座上,亦即内部区格的板可按四边固定的单块板进行计算;当q/2在一区格中向上作用而在相邻的区格中向下作用时,近似符合反对称关系,可认为中间支座的弯矩等于零,亦即内部区格的板按四边简支的单板进行计算。将上述两种情况叠加可得跨内最大弯矩。支座最大负弯矩为当内支座固定时g+q作用下的支座弯矩。根据不同的支承情况,整个楼盖可以分为A、B、C三种区格板。A:四边连续m1=(0.0241+0.17×0.0158)×5.48×3.62+(0.0289+0.17×0.0157)×0.35×4.22=3.33KNmm2=(0.0158+0.17×0.0241)×5.48×3.62+(0.0157+0.17×0.0289)×0.35×4.22=2.09KNmB区格板(三边连续,一边简支)m1=(0.0241+0.17×0.0158)×5.48×4.22+(0.0289+0.17×0.0157)×0.35×4.22=2.66KNmm2=(0.0158+0.17×0.0241)×5.48×4.22+(0.0157+0.17×0.0289)×0.35×4.22=1.97KNmC区格板(两邻边连续,另两邻边简支)m1=(0.0316+0.17×0.0116)×5.48×1.52+(0.0610+0.17×0.0300)×0.35×3.62=0.602KNmm2=(0.0116+0.17×0.0316)×5.48×1.52+(0.0300+0.17×0.0610)×0.35×4.22=0.310KNm第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)2.5.3截面设计一类环境类别,C25混凝土板的保护层厚度为20mm。板筋采用HRB335。截面有效高度:假定选用12钢筋,则l01方向跨中截面的h01=90mm,l02方向的跨中截面的h02=90mm,支座截面的h0=90mm。最小配筋率0.45ft/fy=0.45×1.27/300=0.19%<0.2%,满足要求。由相邻区格板分别求得的统一支座负弯矩不相等时,取绝对值的较大者作为该支座的最大负弯矩.板配筋计算相见表2-14和表2-15。表2-14板跨中配筋计算截面位置M4.43.35.03.25.74.40.02300.01700.02300.01700.00520.00270.02330.01720.02330.01720.00520.0027240240240240240240实际配筋/mm212@200As=56512@200As=56512@200As=56512@200As=56512@200As=56512@200As=565表2-15支座配筋计算截面位置M-9.9-8.8-11-9-12.9-11.50.05280.04680.05280.04680.01080.00840.05430.04790.05430.04790.01090.0084344306385314455402实际配筋/mm212@200As=56512@200As=56512@200As=56512@200As=56512@200As=56512@200As=565第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)2.6基础设计2.6.1基础布置采用十字形基础,横向基础梁每边出挑长度(l/4~l/3)=1.2~1.6m,取1.6m。则基础梁总长L=4.8m+4.2m+2.7m+2x1.6m=14.9m基础梁为倒T形截面,其中肋梁高度一般为(l/8~l/4)=600~1200mm,取h=600mm。则基底标高为-(0.9+1.4+0.6)m=-2.9m,持力层为二层砂砾石层,基础埋深d=-2.0m。肋梁宽度一般去柱截面边长+100mm,现取500mm;翼板厚度取200mm等厚;翼板宽度由地基的承载力和变形计算确定。横向框架柱传至基础顶面的荷载标准值见表2-16。表2-16上部结构荷载的组合值(单位:弯矩KN·m,轴力KN)桩号内力恒载楼面活载风载标准组合基本组合恒+活+0.6风恒+风+0.7活1.2恒+1.4(活+0.6风)1.2恒+1.4(风+0.7活)边柱HN69.8634.7831.29123.414123.053158.8076161.7224M48.83433.26102.756105.342134.0984138.444中柱FN246.79102.743.36375.486320.502476.3224457.4784M97.39832.08214.548151.836280.9072257.712中柱CN367.29192.850.61590.466453.327753.1944700.5558M167200.137.43389.558230.631511.9812448.9边柱AN295.0616643.09486.924368.313622.6816577.0878M134.5113.237.1269.96197.57351.044324.276估算翼板宽度时先不考虑框架柱传给基础梁的力矩。基础梁上除了由柱传来的竖向力外,还有底层的墙体荷载。基础顶面到二层框架梁的高度=3.0m+2.0m-0.35m=4.65m,墙体荷载的标准值为1.4KN/m2x4.65m=6.51KN/m。翼板宽度B可由下式估算:B=/L*(fak-20d)=2.05m取B=2.0m。基础布置如图所示。第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)图2-12条形基础平面布置图2.6.2地基计算当基础宽度大于3m或埋置深度大于0.5m时,地基承载力特征值需进行修正。有土的实验指示,可求得第二土层的孔隙比:浮重度:基底以上包括一个土层,新近堆积黄土,厚度为2m。基底以上部分土的加权平均重度:m=16.5KN/m因孔隙比e(=0.76)、液性指数IL(=0.62)均小于0.85。由《基本教程》中表3-4,基础宽度和埋深的地基承载力特征值修正系数b=0.3,d=1.6。则修正后的地基承载力特征值:fa=fak+b(b-3)+dm(d-0.5)=119.6KN/m2第一组荷载组合下基底压力:PK=(FK+GK)/A=(112+196)/(14.9*2)+20*1.75=45.34KN/m2Ft满足要求。2.7板式楼梯计算楼梯平面图如图2-14所示。图2-14楼梯平面图本工程采用现浇钢筋混凝土板式楼梯,混凝土强度等级为C25,平台梁尺寸为200mm*350mm,梯板钢筋为HRB335钢筋,梯梁钢筋为HRB335第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)钢筋。活荷载标准值为2.5kN/m2。板厚取lo/30,lo为梯段板跨度=2430mm板厚h=lo/30=2430/30=81mm,取100mm。tanα=150/270=0.556,cosα=270/308.87=0.874取1m宽板带为计算单元2.7.1梯段板配筋梯段板荷载荷载种类荷载标准值(KN/m)永久荷载水磨石面层(0.27+0.15)*0.65/0.27=1.011三角形踏步0.5*0.27*0.150*25/0.27=1.875100厚钢筋混凝土斜板0.1*25/0.851=2.93820厚底板抹灰0.02*17*0.851=0.4合计6.224可变荷载2.5永久荷载分项系数,可变荷载分项系数。荷载设计值p=(1.2*6.224+1.4*2.5)=10.97KN/m跨中弯矩设计值板的有效高度h0=100-20=80mm选用钢筋为10@120As=654mm22.7.2平台板配筋荷载种类荷载标准值(KN/m)永久荷载水磨石面层0.65100厚混凝土板0.10*25=2.520后板底抹灰0.02*17=0.34合计3.49可变荷载2.5荷载设计值p=(1.2*3.49+1.4*2.5)=7.688KN/m平台板计算跨度弯矩设计值M=0.1*7.688*1.22=1.11KN/m。板的有效高度h0=100-20=70mm第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)选用钢筋为7@180As=218mm22.7.3平台梁配筋荷载种类荷载标准值(KN/m)永久荷载梁自重0.2*(0.35-0.07)*25=1.4梁侧粉刷0.02*(0.35-0.07)*2*17=0.19平台板传来2.75*1.4/2=1.93梯段板传来6.48*3.3/2=10.69合计14.21可变荷载2.5*(2.16/2+1.4/2)=4.45荷载设计值p=(1.2*14.21+1.4*4.45)=23.28KN/m计算跨度弯矩设计值剪力设计值按T形截面计算,翼缘宽度,梁的有效计算高度。选择钢筋114,As=153.9mm。配置箍筋6@200,梁斜截面承载力为满足要求。第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)致谢语本毕业设计是在付老师的关怀和指导下完成的。毕业设计中的许多思想和方法得益于付老师的指导和启发,从设计选题到成果的完成每一步都离不开付老师的悉心指导。毕业设计的完成标志着大学的生活也将要以此作为一个结束了,虽然大学结束了,但我的求知精神没有结束,我们追求我们事业的雄心壮志永远也不会结束。大学给了我一个追求辉煌梦想的云梯,我就借着这个云梯朝着梦想勇敢往前攀登,去实现一个接一个的小目标,从而达到理想。不积跬步何以至千里,本设计能够顺利的完成,也归功于各位任课老师四年来对我们学习过程中的认真负责,使我能够很好的掌握专业知识,具备了总结各科专业知识并结合运用的能力,并在设计中得以体现。四年的大学生活里,是你们的鼓励与支持让我感受到了学习的乐趣;正是有了你们平日的帮助、关心、支持和鼓励,才使我的毕业设计工作顺利完成,给我们的大学生活画了一个圆满的句号。毕业在即,对给予这样学习机会的学校表示感谢,对培养我的院党委、领导以及教我知识和做人道理的老师们表示感谢,还有帮助过我的同学们,祝愿大家在新的时期有更大的进步。在此再次向土木工程学院的全体老师致以衷心的感谢:老师,谢谢你们四年来的辛勤栽培,谢谢你们教给我的知识,使我顺利完成了这次的毕业设计!在此期间给大家增添了诸多麻烦,我表示深深的歉意。在今后的道路上我会发奋图强,不辜负你们的教诲。限于本人水平,设计过程中难免有误漏与不足之处,恳请老师批评指正。刘万元2013年6月第59页共59页 2013届土木工程专业毕业设计(论文)参考文献【1】《房屋建筑学》重庆大学出版社【2】《建筑工程制图》清华大学出版社【3】《建筑结构制图标准》GB/T50105-2010【4】《建筑结构荷载规范》GB50009-2012【5】《混凝土结构设计规范》GB50010-2010【6】《混凝土结构施工图》11G101-1【7】《混凝土结构施工图》11G101-2【8】《混凝土结构施工图》11G101-3【9】《建筑结构设计》高等教育出版社【10】《混凝土结构设计》高等教育出版社【11】《基础工程》高等教育出版社第59页共59页'