• 1.59 MB
  • 74页

框剪住宅楼计算书毕业设计论文土木工程

  • 74页
  • 当前文档由用户上传发布,收益归属用户
  1. 1、本文档共5页,可阅读全部内容。
  2. 2、本文档内容版权归属内容提供方,所产生的收益全部归内容提供方所有。如果您对本文有版权争议,可选择认领,认领后既往收益都归您。
  3. 3、本文档由用户上传,本站不保证质量和数量令人满意,可能有诸多瑕疵,付费之前,请仔细先通过免费阅读内容等途径辨别内容交易风险。如存在严重挂羊头卖狗肉之情形,可联系本站下载客服投诉处理。
  4. 文档侵权举报电话:19940600175。
'毕业论文学校:甘肃电大直属学院班级:12春土木工程本科-2姓名:李兴文学号:126200120862871 框剪住宅楼计算书毕业设计摘要本次毕业设计较好地符合我们将来所从事的工程内容,通过完成这次设计,使我更好地了解工程结构的各项细节内容,也是对大学四年所学知识进行的一次系统的复习和总结,使专业知识系统化。本文叙述的是位于某繁华路段的十五层住宅楼。结构形式为钢筋混凝土框架剪力墙结构;要求七度抗震。设计包括建筑设计和结构设计,选取一榀有代表性的框架进行计算。本论文主要包括以下内容:一、荷载计算,包括恒载、活载、风载和地震荷载。二、内力计算及内力组合。三、框架梁柱的配筋。四、楼梯,基础的计算。五、电算结果。六、及参考文献。该设计具有以下特点:一、在考虑建筑、结构要求的同时考虑了施工要求及可行性。二、针对不同荷载的特点采用了多种不同的计算方法,对知识进行了全面系统的复习。三、利用电算对结果进行了验算,掌握了广厦CAD的用法,使结果更加有说服力。关键词[1]:框架剪力墙结构梁柱钢筋混凝土地震荷载71 目录1剪力墙结构设计要求11.1短肢剪力墙的定义11.2短肢剪力墙的界定方法11.3短肢剪力墙设计11.4短肢剪力墙设计抗震加强21.5短肢剪力墙受力分析22建筑设计部分32.1设计依据32.2标高及建筑细部做法33结构设计部分33.1设计依据43.2结构布置及结构计算简图的确定43.2.1结构柱网布置43.2.2确定钢筋及混凝土强度等级53.2.3估计板、柱、梁的截面尺寸53.2.4确定计算简图53.2.5恒载计算73.2.6楼面活荷载计算[6]103.2.7风荷载计算[7]103.3水平荷载内力计算113.3.1地震作用下的内力计算[8]113.3.2风荷载作用下的内力计算213.4竖向荷载内力计算[9]263.4.1恒载作用下的内力计算263.4.2活荷载作用下的内力计算393.5荷载内力组合483.6构件设计[11]633.6.1框架梁的配筋计算(梁截面200㎜×450㎜)633.6.2框架柱的配筋计算643.7楼梯设计[12]663.7.1梯段板设计673.7.2平台板设计673.8基础设计[13]6871 1剪力墙结构设计要求1.1短肢剪力墙的定义短肢剪力墙是指墙肢截面高度与厚度之比为5~8的剪力墙。但《高层建筑混凝土结构技术规程》第7.1.2条规定高层建筑结构不应采用全部短肢剪力墙的剪力墙结构,短肢剪力墙较多时,应布置筒体(或一般剪力墙),形成短肢剪力墙与筒体(或一般剪力墙)共同抵抗水平力的剪力墙结构。1.2短肢剪力墙的界定方法《高层建筑混凝土结构技术规程》第7.1.3条规定了B级高度高层建筑和9度抗震设计的A级高度高层建筑,不应采用第7.1.2条规定的具有较多短肢剪力墙的剪力墙结构。短肢剪力墙结构的必要条件:抗震设计时,短肢墙承受的第一振型底部地震倾覆力矩不大于结构总底部地震倾覆力矩的50%。短肢剪力墙结构的下限:当短肢墙较少时,如短肢墙承受的第一振型底部地震倾覆力矩小于结构总底部地震倾覆力矩的15%~40%,则可以按普通剪力墙结构设计。下限规范没有规定,用户可以灵活掌握。B级高度高层建筑和9度抗震设计的A级高度高层建筑,即使置筒体,也不能采用。最大适用高度比高规表4.2.2-1中剪力墙结构的规定值适当降低,且7度和8度抗震设计时分别不应大于100m和60m。在剪力墙结构中,只有个别小墙肢,不应看成短肢剪力墙结构而应作为一般剪力墙结构处理。短肢剪力墙结构,其首先应是全剪力墙结构,应有足够的长肢剪力墙。如果把短肢墙看成异形柱,则短肢剪力墙结构可以认为呈框剪结构的变形特征。当结构形式符合短肢剪力墙结构形式后,才能在软件“总信息”参数的结构体系中,定义结构为“短肢剪力墙结构”。1.3短肢剪力墙设计短肢墙设计:短肢剪力墙:58(不限)。当有大于两肢的短肢墙或异形柱时,尽管各肢的长宽比符合要求,也宜按墙输入设计。短肢墙设计主要参数:轴压比(按剪力墙)、刚度(墙输入、采用壳元或薄壁杆元)、配筋(按剪力墙)、构造(按高规的短肢墙构造)。弱短肢剪力墙(截面高厚之比小于5的墙肢):高规7.2.5条文规定了不宜采用墙肢截面高度与厚度之比小于为5的剪力墙;当其小于5时,其在重力荷载代表值作用下产生的轴力设计值的轴压比,抗震等级为一级(9度)、一级(7、8度)、二级、三级时分别不宜大于0.3、0.4、0.5和0.6。71 短墙(截面高度之比不大于3的墙肢):高规7.2.5条文和抗震规范6.4.9条文规定剪力墙的截面高度与厚度之比不大于3时,应按柱的要求进行设计,底部加强部位纵向钢筋的配筋率不应小于1.2%,其它部位不应小于1.0%,箍筋应沿全高加密。1.1短肢剪力墙设计抗震加强抗震设计[4]时,短肢剪力墙的抗震等级应比高规4.8.2规定的剪力墙的抗震等级提高一级采用。各层短肢剪力墙在重力荷载代表值作用下产生的轴力设计值的轴压比,抗震等级为一、二、三时分别不宜大于0.5、0.6和0.7;对于无翼缘或端柱的一字形短肢剪力墙,其轴压比限值相应降低0.1。除底部加强部位应按高规7.2.10条调整剪力设计值外,其它各层短肢剪力墙的剪力设计值,一、二级抗震等级应分别乘以增大系数1.4和1.2。短肢剪力墙截面的全部纵向钢筋的配筋率,底部加强部位不宜小于1.2%,其它部位不宜小于1.0%。短肢剪力墙截面厚度不应小于200mm。7度和8度抗震设计时,短肢剪力墙宜设置翼缘。一字形短肢剪力墙平面外不宜布置与之单侧相交的楼面梁。高规7.2.1条文规定了带有筒体和短肢剪力墙的剪力墙结构的混凝土强度等级不应低于C25。1.2短肢剪力墙受力分析短肢剪力墙结构是指墙肢的长度为厚度的5-8倍剪力墙结构,常用的有“T”字型、“L”型、“十”字型、“Z”字型、折线型、“一”字型。该结构型式的特点是:(1)结合建筑平面,利用间隔墙位置来布置竖向构件,基本上不与建筑使用功能发生矛盾;(2)墙的数量可多可少,肢长可长可短,主要视抗侧力的需要而定,还可通过不同的尺寸和布置来调整刚度中心的位置;(3)能灵活布置,可选择的方案较多,楼盖方案简单;(4)连接各墙的梁,随墙肢位置而设于间隔墙竖平面内,可隐蔽;(5)根据建筑平面的抗侧刚度的需要,利用中心剪力墙,形成主要的抗侧力构件,较易满足刚度和强度要求。对短肢剪力墙结构的设计计算,因其是剪力墙大开口而成,所以基本上与普通剪力墙结构分析相同,可采用三维杆-系簿壁柱空间分析方法或空间杆-墙组元分析方法,前者如建研院的TBSA、TAT,广东省建筑设计院的广厦CAD的SS模块,后者如建研院的TBSSAP、SATWE,清华大学的TUS,广东省建院的SSW71 等。其中空间杆墙组元分析方法计算模型更符合实际情况,精度较高。虽然三维杆系-簿壁柱空间分析程序使用较早、应用较广,但对墙肢较长的短肢剪力墙,应该用空间杆-墙组元程序进行校核。1建筑设计部分本工程是一栋十五层住宅楼,层高均为3.0m。采用钢筋混凝土框架剪力墙结构,建筑工程等级为二级、耐火等级为二级,合理使用年限为50年,屋面防水等级为二级,本地区为6度抗震设防区。1.1设计依据设计任务书和建筑设计规范[2][3]1.2标高及建筑细部做法1、设计标高:室内设计标高为±0.000,室内外高差为450㎜。2、墙身做法:墙身采用粉煤灰加气混凝土砌块。内外墙采用双面粉刷。3、屋面做法:平屋面是油毡防水层(三毡四油上铺小石子),20mm厚1:2.5水泥砂浆找平层,镂空栏杆;坡屋面是25mm厚挤塑聚苯保温层,青摊瓦。100㎜厚钢筋混凝土现浇楼板。4、楼面做法:20mm厚1:2.5水泥砂浆找平层,100㎜厚钢筋混凝土现浇楼板。5、底层地面做法:10㎜水磨石地面,20㎜厚水泥砂浆打底,100㎜厚钢筋混凝土现浇楼板,10㎜厚水泥石膏砂浆。2结构设计部分本工程是一栋十五层高层住宅楼,层高均为3.0mm。纵向30.8米,横向19米,总高度为52.75米。本工程采用全现浇钢筋混凝土框架剪力墙结构,梁柱和楼板均为现浇,墙体为粉煤灰加气混凝土砌块。71 1.1设计依据1、建筑施工图和国家设计规范[4][5]2、气象条件气温:年平均气温5.7℃-29.5℃,最高气温42.3℃,最低气温-6.6℃雨量:年平均降雨量998.1㎜,最大降雨量195.2㎜/日风向:一月:C22NNE13七月:C22NNE11风压:0.35kN/㎡3、工程地质及水文资料:地层自上而下为(1)杂填土层:厚度约为3.0m(2)粉质粘土:厚度约为15.6m;fak=120KPa,Es=6.0MPa,qsia=35KPa(3)粉砂:厚5.0m;fak=185KPa,Es=16.0MPa,qsia=45KPa(4)细砂:fak=270KPa,Es=19.5MPa,qsia=55KPa,qpa=2400KPa地下水位于地表以下1.5m。4、抗震设防烈度按6度设防,地震分组第一组,地震加速度Sa=0.05g。1.2结构布置及结构计算简图的确定1.2.1结构柱网布置由于建筑总长度不超过55M,且为保温隔热屋面,所以不设变形缝。71 1.1.1确定钢筋及混凝土强度等级柱、梁、板等部位均采用C30砼(Ec=3.00×107kN/㎡)除承台采用Ⅲ级钢筋(fy=360N/mm2)外,其余受力钢筋均为Ⅱ级(fy=300N/㎜2)。1.1.2估计板、柱、梁的截面尺寸1、板预取板厚100㎜(考虑到楼面荷载不大,且经济的因素)2、柱因建筑美观要求,且设防烈度为6度,将柱设计为方柱,尺寸为1-5层400㎜×650㎜;6-10层400㎜×600㎜;11-15层350㎜×550㎜。3、梁横梁:hb=(1/8~1/12)lb=(1/8~1/12)×4800=600~400㎜取hb=450㎜;bb=(1/3~1/2)hb=(1/3~1/2)×450=150~225㎜取bb=200㎜纵梁最大跨:hb=(1/8~1/12)lb=(1/8~1/12)×7200=600~900㎜取hb=650㎜;bb=(1/3~1/2)hb=(1/3~1/2)×650=217~325㎜1.1.3确定计算简图取一榀框架计算。假定框架柱嵌固于基础顶面,框架梁与柱刚接。底层柱高从基础顶面至二层楼面,根据地质条件,确定基础顶面离室外地面为500㎜,由此求得底层层高为3950㎜,其余各层的柱高即为其层高3000㎜。其中在求梁截面惯性矩时考虑到现浇板的作用,取I=2IO(IO为不考虑楼板翼缘作用的梁截面惯性矩)。1-5层:左跨梁:i=1/12×2E×0.2×0.453/3.7=8.21×10-4E右跨梁:i=1/12×2E×0.2×0.453/4.8=6.33×10-4E上部柱:i=1/12×E×0.4×0.653/3=30.51×10-4E底层柱:i=1/12×E×0.4×0.653/3.95=23.18×10-4E6-10层:左跨梁:i=1/12×2E×0.2×0.453/3.7=8.21×10-4E右跨梁:i=1/12×2E×0.2×0.453/4.8=6.33×10-4E71 柱:i=1/12×E×0.4×0.603/3=24.0×10-4E11-15层:左跨梁:i=1/12×2E×0.2×0.453/3.7=8.21×10-4E右跨梁:i=1/12×2E×0.2×0.453/4.8=6.33×10-4E柱:i=1/12×E×0.35×0.553/3=16.18×10-4E16层(阁楼):左跨梁:i=1/12×2E×0.2×0.453/3.7=8.21×10-4E右跨梁:i=1/12×2E×0.2×0.453/4.8=6.33×10-4E柱:i=1/12×E×0.35×0.553/4.6=10.55×10-4E71 1.1.1恒载计算1、屋面荷载标准值油毡防水层(三毡四油上铺小石子)0.4kN/m220mm厚1:2.5水泥砂浆找平层0.02×20=0.4kN/m225mm厚挤塑聚苯保温层0.025×10=1.25kN/m2100mm厚钢筋混凝土楼板0.1×25=2.5kN/m220mm厚抹灰0.02×17=0.34kN/m2平屋面镂空栏杆0.5kN/m2坡屋面瓦重0.5kN/m2屋面恒载4.39kN/m2框架梁自重0.2×0.45×25=2.25kN/m梁侧粉刷2×(0.45-0.1)×0.02×17=0.238kN/m因此,作用在阁楼层框架梁上的线荷载为:g16左1=g16右1=2.49kN/mg16左2=g16右2=4.39×(4.3/2+2.1)=18.66kN/m2、楼面荷载值:20mm厚1:2.5水泥砂浆找平层0.02×20=0.4kN/m2100mm厚钢筋混凝土楼板0.1×25=2.5kN/m220mm厚抹灰0.34kN/m2楼面恒载3.24kN/m2框架梁自重及梁侧粉刷2.49kN/m边跨填充墙自重2.02×(3-0.35)=5.35kN/m墙面粉刷(3-0.35)×0.02×2×17=1.8kN/m因此,作用在中间层框架梁上的线荷载为:g左1=g右1=2.49+5.35+1.8=9.64kN/m71 g15左2=g15右2=4.39×3.6+3.24×4.3/2=22.77kN/mg左2=g右2=3.24×(4.3/2+3.6)=18.63kN/m3、屋面框架节点集中荷载标准值边柱梁自重0.2×0.45×(4.3/2+3.6)×25=12.94kN粉刷0.238×5.75=1.37kN梁传来屋面自重1/2×7.2×1/2×4.3×4.39=33.98kN顶层边节点集中荷载G16左=G16右=48.29kN中柱梁自重12.94kN粉刷1.37kN梁传来屋面自重2×33.98=67.96kN顶层中节点集中荷载G16中=82.27kN4、楼面框架节点集中荷载标准值边柱梁自重12.94kN粉刷1.37kN墙体自重+粉刷(5.35+1.80)×3.2=22.9kN(5.35+1.80)×4.3/2=15.38kN框架柱自重1-5层0.4×0.65×3×25=19.5kN6-10层0.4×0.60×3×25=18kN11-15层0.35×0.55×3×25=14.44kN粉刷1-5层2×0.65×0.02×3×17=1.33kN6-10层2×0.60×0.02×3×17=1.22kN11-15层2×0.55×0.02×3×17=1.12kN梁传来楼面自重1/2×7.2×1/2×4.3×3.24=25.08kN中间层边节点集中荷载1-5层G左=G右=98.45kN6-10层G左=G右=96.90kN11-15层G左=G右=93.24kN中柱梁自重12.94kN粉刷1.37kN内纵墙自重1.57×(3-0.45)×(5.75-0.4)=21.42kN粉刷5.35×2.55×0.02×2×17=9.36kN框架柱自重1-5层0.4×0.65×3×25=19.5kN6-10层0.4×0.60×3×25=18kN11-15层0.35×0.55×3×25=14.44kN粉刷1-5层2×0.65×0.02×3×17=1.33kN71 6-10层2×0.60×0.02×3×17=1.22kN11-15层2×0.55×0.02×3×17=1.12kN梁传来楼面自重2×25.08=50.16kN中间层中节点集中荷载1-5层G中=116.00kN6-10层G中=114.39kN11-15层G中=111.01kN71 1.1.1楼面活荷载计算[6]P16左=P16右=2×5.75=11.5kN/mP16=P16=1/2×7.2×1/2×4.3×2=15.48kNP16中=1/2×7.2×1/2×4.3×2+1/2×7.2×1/2×4.3×2=30.96kNP左=P右=2×5.75=11.5kN/mP=P=1/2×7.2×1/2×4.3×2=15.48kNP中=1/2×7.2×1/2×4.3×2+1/2×7.2×1/2×4.3×2=30.96kN1.1.2风荷载计算[7]风荷载标准值计算公式:w=βzμsμzωo[4]将风荷载换算成作用于框架每层节点上的集中荷载,计算过程如下表:(表中为一榀框架各层节点的受风面积)风荷载计算层次βzμzμsωozA(㎡)Pw(kN)161.11.661.50.3548.013.2311.53151.11.621.30.3545.021.8516.11141.11.581.30.3542.017.2512.40131.11.551.30.3539.017.2512.17121.11.491.30.3536.017.2511.69111.11.451.30.3533.017.2511.38101.01.421.30.3530.017.2511.1591.01.391.30.3527.017.2510.9181.01.361.30.3524.017.2510.6771 71.01.251.30.3521.017.259.8161.01.241.30.3518.017.259.7251.01.731.30.3515.017.259.2141.01.091.30.3512.017.258.5531.01.01.30.359.017.257.8521.01.01.30.356.017.257.8511.01.01.30.353.018.548.441.1水平荷载内力计算1.1.1地震作用下的内力计算[8]1、计算重力荷载代表值(1)屋面均布荷载4.39kN/m2屋面荷载标准值(3.7+4.8)×(4.3/2+2.1)×4.39=158.61kN(2)楼面均布荷载3.24kN/m2楼面荷载标准值(3.7+4.8)×5.75×3.24=158.36kN(3)屋面均布活荷载0.5kN/m2(不上人屋面)雪荷载0.4kN/m2(4)楼面均布活荷载2.0kN/m2各层楼面活荷载标准值(3.7+4.8)×5.75×2=97.75kN(5)梁柱自重(包括抹灰量)纵向框架梁自重12.94kN横向框架梁自重19.13kN抹灰1.37kN抹灰2.02kN14.31kN21.15kN1-5层框架柱自重19.5kN粉刷1.33kN20.83kN6-10层框架柱自重18.0kN粉刷1.22kN71 19.22kN11-15层框架柱自重14.44kN粉刷1.12kN15.56kN(6)墙体自重(由前面已统计的数据得出)单位面积上墙体的重量:200mm厚为2.02kN/m2100mm厚为1.57kN/m2单位面积上抹灰的重量为0.02×17=0.34kN/m2(7)荷载分层汇总顶层重力荷载代表值包括:屋面荷载、纵横梁自重、半层墙体和窗自重的一半;其他楼层重力荷载代表值包括:楼面荷载、50%楼面活荷载、纵横梁自重、楼面上下各半层柱及纵横墙体和窗的自重(底层取一半)。将上述分项荷载相加,得集中于各层楼面的重力荷载代表值如下:G16=405.22kNG15=158.61+14.31×3+21.15+0.5×(22.9+15.38)×3+(14.44+1.12)×3=326.8kNG11—G14=158.36+97.75×0.5+14.31×3+21.15+(22.9+15.38)×3+(14.44+1.12)×3=432.85kNG6—G10=158.36+97.75×0.5+14.31×3+21.15+(22.9+15.38)×3+(18+1.22)×3=443.84kNG2—G3=158.36+97.75×0.5+14.31×3+21.15+(22.9+15.38)×3+(19.5+1.33)×3=448.64kNG1=158.36+97.75×0.5+14.31×3+21.15+(19.5+1.33)×3=333.793kN集中于各层楼面的重力荷载代表值如下图建筑物总重力荷载代表值:∑G=405.22+326.8+432.85×4+443.84×5+448.64×4+333.79=6810.96kN71 2、横向框架柱侧移刚度D值计算如下表项目层柱k=∑ib/2ic(一般层)k=∑ib/ic(底层)α=k/2+k(一般层)α=0.5+k/2+k(底层)12/h2D=α×ic×12/h2(kN/m)根数底层中框架边柱0.630.430.7724952中框架中柱1.250.540.7730911∑D8081二三中框架边柱0.480.191.332312271 四五层中框架中柱0.960.321.3338941∑D8518项目层柱k=∑ib/2ic(一般层)k=∑ib/ic(底层)α=k/2+k(一般层)α=0.5+k/2+k(底层)12/h2D=α×ic×12/h2(kN/m)根数六七八九十层中框架边柱0.610.2341.3322412中框架中柱1.210.3771.3336101∑D8092十一十二十三十四十五层中框架边柱0.900.311.3320002中框架中柱1.800.471.3330321∑D70323、横向框架自震周期T1=1.7×αo×αo:结构基本周期修正系数,考虑到填充墙使框架自震周期减小的影响,取αo为0.6。△T:框架的顶点位移。横向框即顶点位移计算(ξi为层间相对位移)层次Gi(kN)∑Gi(kN)∑Di(kN/m)ξi=∑Gi/∑Di△i1333.7936810.9680810.84280.84282448.6426477.16885180.76041.60323448.6426028.52685180.70772.310971 4448.6425579.88485180.65512.9665448.6425131.24285180.60243.56846443.8364682.680920.57874.14717443.8364238.76480920.52384.67098443.8363794.92880920.4695.13999443.8363351.09280920.41415.55410443.8362907.25680920.35935.913311432.852463.4270320.35036.263812432.852030.5770320.28886.552613432.851597.7270320.22726.779814432.851164.8770320.16576.945515326.8732.0270320.10417.049616405.22405.2216770.24167.2912T1=1.7×0.6×=3.213s4、横向地震作用计算(因本建筑高度大于40m,不应采用底部剪力法,但本设计仍用底部剪力法计算)在Ⅲ类场地,6度地震区,结构的自振周期和地震影响系数αmax为:Tg=0.45sαmax=0.04α1=(Tg/T1)0.9×αmax=(0.45/3.213)0.9×0.04=0.007由底部剪力法计算公式:FEK=0.85×α1×GE=0.85×0.007×6810.96=40.53KN由T1=3.213s>1.4×0.45=0.63sξn=0.08T1+0.01=0.08×3.213+0.01=0.267△Fn=ξnFEK=0.267×40.53=10.82KNFi=GiHI/(∑GiHI)×FEK×(1-ξn)(顶层加上△Fn)层次hi(m)Hi(m)Gi(KN)GiHIGiHI/(∑GiHI)Fi(KN)Vi(KN)13.953.95333.7931318.480.0070.2129.69236.95448.6423118.060.0170.5129.4871 339.95448.6424463.990.0250.7428.974312.95448.6425809.910.0320.9528.235315.95448.6427155.840.0401.1927.286318.95443.8638411.200.0471.4026.097321.95443.8639742.790.0541.6024.698324.95443.86311074.380.0621.8423.099327.95443.86312405.970.0692.0521.2510330.95443.86313737.560.0772.2919.2011333.95432.8514695.260.0822.4416.9112336.95432.8515993.810.0892.6414.4713339.95432.8517292.360.0962.8511.8314342.95432.8518590.910.1043.098.9815345.95326.815016.460.0842.505.89164.650.55405.2220483.870.1143.393.395、内力分析地震作用下的内力计算,地震作用力沿竖向呈倒三角形分布,内力计算采用D值法,采用公式:Vjk=Djk/∑Djk×Vfk(1)各柱分配的剪力V16左=V16右=739/2505×3.39=1.0kNV16中=1027/2505×3.39=1.39kNV15左=V15右=2000/7032×5.89=1.68kNV15中=3032/7032×5.89=2.54kNV14左=V16右=2000/7032×8.98=2.55kNV14中=3032/7032×8.98=3.87kNV13左=V13右=2000/7032×11.83=3.36kN71 V13中=3032/7032×11.83=5.1kNV12左=V12右=2000/7032×14.47=4.12kNV12中=3032/7032×14.47=6.24kNV11左=V11右=2000/7032×16.91=4.81kNV11中=3032/7032×16.91=7.29kNV10左=V10右=2241/8092×19.20=5.32kNV10中=3610/8092×19.20=8.57kNV9左=V9右=2241/8092×21.25=5.88kNV9中=3610/8092×21.25=9.48kNV8左=V8右=2241/8092×23.09=6.39kNV8中=3610/8092×23.09=10.30kNV7左=V7右=2241/8092×24.69=6.84kNV7中=3610/8092×24.69=11.01kNV6左=V6右=2241/8092×26.09=7.23kNV6中=3610/8092×26.09=11.64kNV5左=V5右=2312/8518×27.28=7.40kNV5中=3894/8518×27.28=12.47kNV4左=V4右=2312/8518×28.23=7.66kNV4中=3894/8518×28.23=12.91kNV3左=V3右=2312/8518×28.97=7.86kNV3中=3894/8518×28.97=13.24kNV2左=V2右=2312/8518×29.48=8.0kNV2中=3894/8518×29.48=13.48kNV1左=V1右=2495/8081×29.69=9.17kNV1中=3091/8081×29.69=11.36kN(2)确定反弯点高度---地震荷载呈倒三角形分布由于各梁柱刚度比k均小于3,因此要修正反弯点高度(但本设计未修正),根据假定2,反弯点高度y=0.5h(3)计算柱端弯矩由柱剪力Vij和反弯点高度y,按下列公式可求得柱端弯矩。上端Mcu=Vij×(h-y)71 下端Mcl=Vij×y柱端弯矩计算结果如表:层次A柱B柱C柱上端下端上端下端上端下端162.32.33.1973.1972.32.3152.522.523.813.812.522.52143.8253.8255.8055.8053.8253.825135.045.047.657.655.045.04126.186.189.369.366.186.18117.2157.21510.93510.9357.2157.215107.987.9812.85512.8557.987.9898.828.8214.2214.228.828.8289.5859.58515.4515.459.5859.585710.2610.2616.51516.51510.2610.26610.84510.84517.4617.4610.84510.845511.111.118.70518.70511.111.1411.4911.4919.36519.36511.4911.49311.7911.7919.8619.8611.7911.792121220.2220.221212112.0912.0914.9614.9612.0912.09(4)计算梁端弯矩梁端弯矩可按节点弯矩平衡条件,将节点上下柱端弯矩之和按左右梁的线刚度比例分配。计算结果如下图:计算公式:Mbl=(Mcu+Mcl)×k1/(k1+k2);Mbr=(Mcu+Mcl)×k1/(k1+k2)k1=0.565k2=0.43571 水平地震作用下的弯矩图(kN•m)(5)计算梁端剪力----示意图如下图计算公式:Vb=(Mbl+Mbr)/l(6)计算柱轴力71 水平地震作用下的剪力图(kN)71 水平地震作用下的柱的轴力图(kN)1.1.1风荷载作用下的内力计算1、各柱所分配的剪力V16左=V16右=739/2505×11.53=3.40kNV16中=1027/2505×11.53=4.73kNV15左=V15右=2000/7032×27.64=7.86kNV15中=3032/7032×27.64=11.92kNV14左=V16右=2000/7032×40.04=11.39kNV14中=3032/7032×40.04=17.26kNV13左=V13右=2000/7032×52.21=14.85kN71 V13中=3032/7032×52.21=22.51kNV12左=V12右=2000/7032×63.9=18.17kNV12中=3032/7032×63.9=27.55kNV11左=V11右=2000/7032×75.28=21.41kNV11中=3032/7032×75.28=32.46kNV10左=V10右=2241/8092×86.43=23.94kNV10中=3610/8092×86.43=38.56kNV9左=V9右=2241/8092×97.34=26.96kNV9中=3610/8092×97.34=26.96kNV8左=V8右=2241/8092×108.01=29.91kNV8中=3610/8092×108.01=48.18kNV7左=V7右=2241/8092×117.82=32.63kNV7中=3610/8092×117.82=52.56kNV6左=V6右=2241/8092×127.54=35.32kNV6中=3610/8092×127.54=56.90kNV5左=V5右=2312/8518×136.75=37.12kNV5中=3894/8518×136.75=62.52kNV4左=V4右=2312/8518×145.3=39.44kNV4中=3894/8518×145.3=66.42kNV3左=V3右=2312/8518×153.15=41.57kNV3中=3894/8518×153.15=70.01kNV2左=V2右=2312/8518×161=43.70kNV2中=3894/8518×161=73.60kNV1左=V1右=2495/8081×169.44=52.31kNV1中=3091/8081×169.44=64.81kN2、确定反弯点高度----和地震荷载不一样的是,风荷载接近于均布荷载由于各梁柱刚度比k小于3,因此须修正反弯点高度(但本设计中未修正),根据假定2,反弯点高度y=0.5h。3、计算柱端弯矩由柱剪力Vij和反弯点高度y,按下列公式可求得柱端弯矩。上端Mcu=Vij×(h-y)71 下端Mcl=Vij×y柱端弯矩计算结果如表:层次A柱B柱C柱上端下端上端下端上端下端167.827.8210.87910.8797.827.821511.7911.7917.8817.8811.7911.791417.08517.08525.8925.8917.08517.0851322.27522.27533.76533.76522.27522.2751227.25527.25541.32541.32527.25527.2551132.11532.11548.6948.6932.11532.1151035.9135.9157.8457.8435.9135.91940.4440.4465.14565.14540.4440.44844.86544.86572.2772.2744.86544.865748.94548.94578.8478.8448.94548.945652.9852.9885.3585.3552.9852.98555.6855.6893.7893.7855.6855.68459.1659.1699.6399.6359.1659.16362.35562.355105.015105.01562.35562.355265.5565.55110.4110.465.5565.55168.87137.7485.33170.6768.87137.744、计算梁端弯矩梁端弯矩可按节点弯矩平衡条件,将节点上下柱端弯矩之和按左右梁的线刚度比例分配。计算结果如下图:计算公式:Mbl=(Mcu+Mcl)×k1/(k1+k2);Mbr=(Mcu+Mcl)×k1/(k1+k2)k1=0.565k2=0.43571 风荷载作用下的弯矩图(kN•m)5、计算梁端剪力----示意图如下图(a)计算公式:Vb=(Mbl+Mbr)/l71 风荷载作用下的剪力图(kN)71 风荷载作用下的轴力(kN)1.1竖向荷载内力计算[9]1.1.1恒载作用下的内力计算71 竖向恒载作用下的内力计算采用分层法,作修正如下:1)除底层外其它各层柱子的线刚度均乘以折减系数0.9;2)除底层外其它各层柱子的弯矩传递系数均为1/3。(结构内力用弯矩分配法计算)1、顶层(1)计算固端弯矩(假定所有弯矩以顺时针为正)把梯形荷载化作等效均布荷载g边左=g16左+(1-2α2+α3)×g16右=2.49+(1-2×0.452+0.453)×18.66=15.29kN/mg边右=g16左+(1-2α2+α3)×g16右=2.49+(1-2×0.442+0.443)×18.66=15.51kN/mMEH=-1/12g左L2=-1/12×15.29×3.72=-17.11kN·mMHE=-MEH=17.11kN·mMHJ=-1/12g右L2=-1/12×15.51×4.82=-29.78kN·mMJH=-MHJ=29.78kN·m(2)分配系数E节点:μe=ie/(ie+0.9×ic)=8.21/(8.21+0.9×10.55)=0.464μe‘=0.9×ic/(ie+0.9×ic)=0.9×10.55/(8.21+0.9×10.55)=0.536H节点:μhl=ih/(ih+ih’+0.9ic)=8.21/(8.21+6.33+0.9×10.55)=0.342μjr=ih’/(ih+ih’+0.9ic)=6.33/(8.21+6.33+0.9×10.55)=0.263μj’=0.9ic/(ih+ih’+0.9ic)=0.9×10.55/(8.21+6.33+0.9×10.55)=0.395J节点:μj=ij/(ij+0.9ic)=6.33/(6.33+0.9×10.55)=0.403μj’=0.9ic/(ij+0.9ic)=0.9×10.55/(6.33+0.9×10.55)=0.597(3)弯矩分配图上柱下柱右梁 左梁上柱下柱右梁 左梁上柱下柱 0.5360.4640.342 0.3950.2630.403 0.597 17.4417.44 -29.7829.78  9.358.094.22 4.873.25-12 -17.7871  6.612.114.05 3.86-61.62 -11.72 -4.67-4.04-0.65 -0.75-0.54.07 6.03 11.28-11.2825.05 7.98-33.0423.47 -23.47(4)顶层弯矩图2、11-15层(1)计算固端弯矩把梯形荷载化作等效均布荷载g边左=g左+(1-2α2+α3)×g右=9.643+(1-2×0.452+0.453)×22.77=29.70kN/mg边右=g左+(1-2α2+α3)×g右=9.643+(1-2×0.442+0.443)×22.77=29.94kN/mMEH=-1/12g左L2=-1/12×29.70×3.72=-33.88kN•mMHE=-MEH=33.88kN•mMHJ=-1/12g右L2=-1/12×29.94×4.82=-57.02kN•mMJH=-MHJ=57.02kN•m(2)分配系数71 E节点:μe=ie/(ie+0.9×ic)=8.21/(8.21+0.9×16.18×2)=0.220μe‘=0.9×ic/(ie+0.9×ic)=0.9×16.18/(8.21+0.9×16.18×2)=0.390H节点:μhl=ih/(ih+ih’+0.9ic)=8.21/(8.21+6.33+0.9×16.18×2)=0.188μjr=ih’/(ih+ih’+0.9ic)=6.33/(8.21+6.33+0.9×16.18×2)=0.144μj’=0.9ic/(ih+ih’+0.9ic)=0.9×16.18/(8.21+6.33+0.9×16.18×2)=0.334J节点:μj=ij/(ij+0.9ic)=6.33/(6.33+0.9×16.18×2)=0.178μj’=0.9ic/(ij+0.9ic)=0.9×16.18/(6.33+0.9×16.48×2)=0.411(3)弯矩分配上柱下柱右梁 左梁上柱下柱右梁 左梁上柱下柱0.390.390.220.1180.3340.3340.1440.1780.4110.411 -33.8833.88 -57.0257.02 13.2113.217.454.357.737.733.33-10.15-23.44-23.444.676.282.183.732.443.84-5.071.67-8.89-10.99-5.12-5.12-2.89-0.93-1.64-1.64-0.713.247.487.4812.7714.37-27.1441.038.529.92-59.4751.78-24.84-26.94(4)标准层弯矩图71 3、6-10层(1)计算固端弯矩把梯形荷载化作等效均布荷载g边左=g左+(1-2α2+α3)×g右=9.643+(1-2×0.452+0.453)×18.63=26.20kN/mg边右=g左+(1-2α2+α3)×g右=9.643+(1-2×0.442+0.443)×18.63=26.25kN/mMEH=-1/12g左L2=-1/12×26.20×3.72=-29.89kN•mMHE=-MEH=29.89kN•mMHJ=-1/12g右L2=-1/12×26.25×4.82=-50.4kN•mMJH=-MHJ=50.4kN•m(2)分配系数E节点:μe=ie/(ie+0.9×ic)=8.21/(8.21+0.9×24×2)=0.160μe‘=0.9×ic/(ie+0.9×ic)=0.9×24/(8.21+0.9×24×2)=0.420H节点:μhl=ih/(ih+ih’+0.9ic)=8.21/(8.21+6.33+0.9×24×2)=0.142μjr=ih’/(ih+ih’+0.9ic)=6.33/(8.21+6.33+0.9×24×2)=0.11071 μj’=0.9ic/(ih+ih’+0.9ic)=0.9×24/(8.21+6.33+0.9×24×2)=0.374J节点:μj=ij/(ij+0.9ic)=6.33/(6.33+0.9×24×2)=0.128μj’=0.9ic/(ij+0.9ic)=0.9×24/(6.33+0.9×24×2)=0.436(3)弯矩分配上柱下柱右梁 左梁上柱下柱右梁 左梁上柱下柱0.420.420.160.1420.3740.3740.110.1280.4360.436 -29.8929.89 -50.450.4 12.5512.554.782.917.677.672.26-6.45-21.97-21.976.616.51.462.393.964.05-3.231.13-11.72-11.29-6.12-6.12-2.33-1.01-2.65-2.65-0.782.89.549.5413.0412.94-25.9834.198.899.07-52.1547.88-24.15-23.72(4)弯矩71 4、2-5层(1)计算固端弯矩把梯形荷载化作等效均布荷载g边左=g左+(1-2α2+α3)×g右=9.643+(1-2×0.452+0.453)×18.63=26.20kN/mg边右=g左+(1-2α2+α3)×g右=9.643+(1-2×0.442+0.443)×18.63=26.25kN/mMEH=-1/12g左L2=-1/12×26.20×3.72=-29.89kN•mMHE=-MEH=29.89kN•mMHJ=-1/12g右L2=-1/12×26.25×4.82=-50.4kN•mMJH=-MHJ=50.4kN•m(2)分配系数E节点:μe=ie/(ie+0.9×ic)=8.21/(8.21+0.9×30.5×2)=0.130μe‘=0.9×ic/(ie+0.9×ic)=0.9×30.5/(8.21+0.9×30.5×2)=0.435H节点:μhl=ih/(ih+ih’+0.9ic)=8.21/(8.21+6.33+0.9×30.5×2)=0.118μjr=ih’/(ih+ih’+0.9ic)=6.33/(8.21+6.33+0.9×30.5×2)=0.092μj’=0.9ic/(ih+ih’+0.9ic)=0.9×30.5/(8.21+6.33+0.9×30.5×2)=0.395J节点:μj=ij/(ij+0.9ic)=6.33/(6.33+0.9×30.5×2)=0.104μj’=0.9ic/(ij+0.9ic)=0.9×30.5/(6.33+0.9×30.5×2)=0.448(3)弯矩分配上柱下柱右梁 左梁上柱下柱右梁 左梁上柱下柱0.4350.4350.130.1180.3950.3950.0920.1040.4480.448 -29.8929.89 -50.450.4 13133.892.428.18.11.89-5.24-22.58-22.586.287.371.211.943.844.89-2.620.94-10.99-12.871 -6.46-6.46-1.93-0.95-3.18-3.18-0.742.3810.2310.2312.8213.91-26.7333.38.769.81-51.8748.48-23.33-25.15(4)弯矩5、底层(1)计算固端弯矩把梯形荷载化作等效均布荷载g边左=g左+(1-2α2+α3)×g右=9.643+(1-2×0.452+0.453)×18.63=26.20kN/mg边右=g左+(1-2α2+α3)×g右=9.643+(1-2×0.442+0.443)×18.63=26.25kN/mMEH=-1/12g左L2=-1/12×26.20×3.72=-29.89kN•mMHE=-MEH=29.89kN•mMHJ=-1/12g右L2=-1/12×26.25×4.82=-50.4kN•m71 MJH=-MHJ=50.4kN•m(2)弯矩分配上柱下柱右梁 左梁上柱下柱右梁 左梁上柱下柱0.4930.3740.1330.120.4770.340.0930.1060.5080.386 -29.8929.89 -50.450.4 14.7411.183.982.469.786.971.91-8.34-25.6-19.456.5 1.231.994.05 -2.670.95-11.29 -3.81-2.89-1.03-0.4-1.61-1.14-0.311.15.253.9917.438.29-25.7133.9312.235.83-46.3347.11-31.64-15.46         4.142.91-7.73(3)底层弯矩图71 6、用分层法求得各层弯矩图后,将各层弯矩叠加可得整个框架结构在恒载作用下的弯矩图,很明显,叠加后框架内各节点弯矩并不一定能达到平衡,这是由于分层法计算的误差造成的。为提高精确度,可将弯矩不平衡的节点弯矩进行再分配修正。在修正过程中,只分配一次,不再传递。结果如下图:71 7、梁的剪力计算规定梁端剪力以顺时针为正,逆时针为负。顶层:EH跨:由∑ME=0得:22.55+3.7×V2-10.15+0.5×15.29×3.72=0V2=-31.64kN由∑Y=0得:V1=V2+15.29×3.7=24.93kNHJ跨:由∑MH=0得:21.12+V2×4.8-29.74+0.5×15.51×4.82=0V2=-35.43kN由∑Y=0得:V1=V2+15.51×4.8=39.02kN11-15层:EH跨:V1=48.27kNV2=-61.62kNHJ跨:V1=73.30kNV2=-70.41kN6-10层:EH跨:V1=43.31kNV2=-53.63kNHJ跨:V1=63.8kNV2=-62.2Kn2-5层:EH跨:V1=43.62kNV2=-53.32kNHJ跨:V1=63.64kN71 V2=-62.36kN底层:EH跨:V1=43.62kNV2=-53.32kNHJ跨:V1=63.82kNV2=-62.18kN8、柱的剪力计算顶层:E柱:V1=V2=-(10.15+11.49)/4.6=-4.70kNH柱:V1=V2=-(7.18+7.67)/4.6=-3.23kNJ柱:V1=V2=(22.55+22.36)/4.6=9.76kN11-15层:E柱:V1=V2=-(11.49+12.93)/3=-8.14kNH柱:V1=V2=-(7.67+8.93)/3=-5.53kNJ柱:V1=V2=(22.36+24.25)/3=15.54kN6-10层:E柱:V1=V2=-(11.74+11.65)/3=-7.80kNH柱:V1=V2=-(8.0+8.16)/3=-5.59kNJ柱:V1=V2=(21.74+21.35)/3=14.36Kn2-5层:E柱:V1=V2=-(11.54+12.52)/3=-8.02kNH柱:V1=V2=-(7.88+8.83)/3=-5.57kNJ柱:V1=V2=(21.0+22.64)/3=14.56kN底层:E柱:V1=V2=-(7.46+3.73)/3.95=-2.83kNH柱:V1=V2=-(5.25+2.62)/3.95=-1.99kNJ柱:V1=V2=(13.91+6.96)/3.95=5.28kN71 71 恒载作用下的框架剪力图(kN)1.1.1活荷载作用下的内力计算活荷载作用下的内力计算采用分层法,各层楼面活荷载布置用满布荷载法。作修正如下:1)除底层外其它各层柱子的线刚度均乘以折减系数0.9;2)除底层外其它层柱子的弯矩传递系数均为1/3。(结构内力用弯矩分配法计算)1、顶层(1)计算固端弯矩(假定所有弯矩以顺时针为正)把梯形荷载化作等效均布荷载g边左=(1-2α2+α3)×P6右=(1-2×0.452+0.453)×11.5=10.22kN/mg边右=(1-2α2+α3)×P6右=(1-2×0.442+0.443)×11.5=10.25kN/mMEJ=-1/12g左L2=-1/12×10.22×3.72=-11.70kN•mMJE=-MEQ=11.70kN•mMJQ=-1/12g右L2=-1/12×10.25×4.82=-19.68kN•mMQJ=-MJQ=19.68kN•m(2)弯矩分配图上柱下柱右梁 左梁上柱下柱右梁 左梁上柱下柱 0.5360.4640.342 0.3950.2630.403 0.59771  -11.711.7 -19.6819.68  6.275.432.73 3.154.49-7.93 -11.75 2.281.362.71 1.33-3.972.25 -4.04 -1.95-1.69-0.03 -0.03-0.050.72 1.07 6.6-6.617.12 4.45-19.214.72 -14.72(3)顶层弯矩图2、11-15层(1)弯矩分配上柱下柱右梁 左梁上柱下柱右梁 左梁上柱下柱0.390.390.220.1880.3340.3340.1440.1780.4110.411 -11.711.7 -19.6819.68 4.564.562.571.52.672.671.15-3.5-8.09-8.093.142.460.751.291.581.49-1.750.57-5.87-4.2971 -2.47-2.47-1.4-0.49-0.87-0.87-0.371.713.943.945.224.55-9.77143.373.29-20.6618.46-10.02-8.44(2)弯矩图3、6-10层(1)弯矩分配上柱下柱右梁 左梁上柱下柱右梁 左梁上柱下柱0.420.420.160.1420.3740.3740.110.1280.4360.436 -11.711.7 -19.6819.68 4.914.911.871.132.982.980.88-2.52-8.58-8.582.282.540.570.941.331.58-1.260.44-4.04-4.41-2.26-2.26-0.86-0.37-0.97-0.97-0.281.033.493.494.935.19-10.1213.43.353.59-20.3518.63-9.13-9.4971 (2)弯矩图4、2-5层(1)弯矩分配上柱下柱右梁 左梁上柱下柱右梁 左梁上柱下柱0.4350.4350.130.1180.3950.3950.0920.1040.4480.448 -11.711.7 -19.6819.68 5.095.091.520.943.153.150.73-2.05-8.82-8.822.462.880.470.761.491.78-1.020.37-4.29-5-2.53-2.53-0.76-0.36-1.19-1.19-0.280.93445.025.45-10.4613.053.453.75-20.2518.93-9.11-9.8271 (2)弯矩图5、底层(1)计算固端弯矩把梯形荷载化作等效均布荷载g边左=(1-2α2+α3)×P6右=(1-2×0.452+0.453)×11.5=10.22kN/mg边右=(1-2α2+α3)×P6右=(1-2×0.442+0.443)×11.5=10.25kN/mMEJ=-1/12g左L2=-1/12×10.22×3.72=-11.7kN•mMJE=-MEQ=11.7kN•mMJQ=-1/12g右L2=-1/12×10.25×5.12=-19.68kN•mMQJ=-MJQ=19.68kN•m(2)弯矩分配71 上柱下柱右梁 左梁上柱下柱右梁 左梁上柱下柱0.4930.3740.1330.120.4470.340.0930.1060.5080.386 -11.711.7 -19.6819.685.774.381.560.963.572.710.74-2.09-10-7.62.54 0.480.781.58 -1.040.37-4.41 -1.49-1.13-0.4-0.16-0.59-0.45-0.120.432.051.566.823.24-10.0713.284.562.27-20.118.39-21.35-6.04         1.621.13-3.02(3)底层弯矩图6、用分层法求得各层弯矩图后,将各层弯矩叠加可得整个框架结构在活载作用能够下的弯矩图,很明显,叠加后框架内各节点弯矩并不一定能达到平衡,这是由于分层法计算的误差造成的。为提高精确度,可将弯矩不平衡的节点弯矩进行再分配修正。在修正过程中,只分配一次,不再传递。结果如下图:71 7、梁的剪力计算规定梁端剪力以顺时针为正,逆时针为负。顶层:EH跨:71 由∑ME=0得:15.41+3.7×V2-5.94+0.5×10.22×3.72=0V2=-21.47kN由∑Y=0得:V1=V2+10.22×3.7=16.34kNHJ跨:由∑MH=0得:13.25+V2×4.8-17.28+0.5×10.25×4.82=0V2=-23.76kN由∑Y=0得:V1=V2+10.25×4.8=25.44kN11-15层:EH跨:V1=16.69kNV2=-21.12kNHJ跨:V1=25.01kNV2=-24.19kN6-10层:EH跨:V1=16.87kNV2=-20.94kNHJ跨:V1=24.92kNV2=-24.28Kn2-5层:EH跨:V1=17.00kNV2=-20.81kNHJ跨:V1=24.77kNV2=-24.43kN底层:EH跨:V1=16.9kNV2=-20.91kNHJ跨:V1=4.92kN71 V2=-24.28kN8、柱的剪力计算顶层:E柱:V1=V2=-(5.94+4.70)/4.6=-2.31kNH柱:V1=V2=-(4.01+3.03)/4.6=-1.53kNJ柱:V1=V2=(13.25+9.02)/4.6=4.84kN11-15层:E柱:V1=V2=-(4.7+4.1)/3=-2.93kNH柱:V1=V2=-(3.03+2.96)/3=-2.00kNJ柱:V1=V2=(9.02+7.60)/3=5.54kN6-10层:E柱:V1=V2=-(4.44+4.67)/3=-3.04kNH柱:V1=V2=-(3.02+3.23)/3=-2.08kNJ柱:V1=V2=(8.22+8.54)/3=5.59Kn2-5层:E柱:V1=V2=-(4.52+4.91)/3=-3.14kNH柱:V1=V2=-(3.11+3.38)/3=-2.16kNJ柱:V1=V2=(8.20+8.84)/3=5.68kN底层:E柱:V1=V2=-(2.92+1.46)/3.95=-1.11kNH柱:V1=V2=-(2.04+1.02)/3.95=-0.77kNJ柱:V1=V2=(5.44+2.72)/3.95=2.07kN71 活荷载作用下的框架剪力图(kN)1.1荷载内力组合根据内力计算结果,进行框架梁柱各个控制截面上的内力组合。其中梁的控制截面为梁端、柱边及跨中,每层有6个控制截面,柱则分为边柱和中柱,每柱有两个控制截面。梁的内力组合控制截面:71 71 横梁内力组合(16层)截面内力种类恒载活载风载地震荷载内力组合控制值①②③④①×1.2+②×1.4①×1.2+②×0.98①×1.2+1.0×(②+③)×1.4(①+②×0.5)×1.2+④×1.31M-10.15-5.94±6.26±2.3-20.50-18.0029.26-18.73-29.26V24.9316.34±3.02±1.1152.7945.9357.0241.1657.022M9.826.81±0.67±0.2521.3218.4622.2616.2022.26V/////////3M-22.55-15.41±4.92±1.81-48.63-42.16-55.52-38.66-55.52V-31.64-21.47±3.02±1.11-68.03-59.01-72.25-52.29-72.254M-29.74-17.28±3.78±1.39-59.88-52.62-65.17-47.86-65.17V39.0225.44±2.10±0.7782.4471.7685.3863.9085.385M19.2414.25±1.24±0.4643.0437.0544.7732.2444.77V////////6M-21.12-13.25±6.26±2.3-43.89-38.33-52.66-36.28-52.66V-35.43-23.76±2.10±0.77-75.78-65.80-78.72-57.77-78.7271 横梁内力组合(13层)截面内力种类恒载活载风载地震荷载内力组合控制值①②③④①×1.2+②×1.4①×1.2+②×0.98①×1.2+1.0×(②+③)×1.4(①+②×0.5)×1.2+④×1.31M-24.43-8.79±47.18±13.69-41.62-37.93-107.67-52.39-107.67V48.2726.69±20.04±5.7581.2974.28109.3575.41109.352M20.146.79±10.11±3.0533.6730.8247.8332.2147.83V/////////3M-36.93-12.6±26.97±7.60-61.96-56.66-99.71-61.76-99.71V-61.62-21.12±20.04±5.75-103.51-94.64-131.57-94.09-131.574M-53.52-18.59±20.76±5.85-90.25-82.44-119.31-82.98-119.31V73.3025.01±14.15±4.07122.97112.47142.78108.26142.785M36.4711.92±13.21±3.9260.4555.4578.9556.0178.95V/////////6M-46.00-16.61±47.18±13.69-78.45-71.48-144.51-82.96-144.51V-70.41-24.19±14.15±4.07-118.36-108.20-138.17-104.30-138.1771 横梁内力组合(10层)71 截面内力种类恒载活载风载地震荷载内力组合控制值①②③④①×1.2+②×1.4①×1.2+②×0.98①×1.2+1.0×(②+③)×1.4(①+②×0.5)×1.2+④×1.31M-23.38-9.11±77.13±35.06-40.81-36.98-148.80-79.10-148.80V43.3116.87±46.37±13.1175.5968.50140.5179.14140.512M17.766.9±23.52±11.3130.9728.0763.940.1663.9V/////////3M-30.77-12.06±30.10±13.44-53.81-48.74-95.95-61.63-95.95V-53.63-20.94±46.37±13.11-93.6784.88-158.59-93.96-158.594M-46.94-18.32±23.17±10.35-81.98-74.28-114.41-80.78-114.41V63.824.92±33.43±9.46111.45100.98158.25103.81158.255M30.5911.97±26.98±12.3653.4748.4491.2459.9691.24V////////6M-43.09-16.77±77.13±35.06-75.19-68.14-164.39-107.35-164.39V-62.2-24.28±33.43±9.46-108.63-98.43-155.43-101.51-155.4371 横梁内力组合(5层)截面内力种类恒载活载风载地震荷载内力组合控制值①②③④①×1.2+②×1.4①×1.2+②×0.98①×1.2+1.0×(②+③)×1.4(①+②×0.5)×1.2+④×1.31M-24.06-9.41±198.58±85.67-42.05-38.09-320.06-145.89-320.06V43.6217.00±107.75±28.6776.1469.00226.9999.82226.992M17.826.91±73.99±32.6331.0628.16134.6467.95134.64V/////////3M-29.97-11.75±50.61±20.43-52.41-47.48-123.27-69.57-123.27V-53.32-20.81±107.75±28.67-93.12-84.38-24397-113.74-243.974M-46.68-18.23±38.96±15.73-81.54-73.88-136.08-87.40-136.08V63.6424.77±76.18±21.13111.05100.64217.70118.70217.705M30.4511.88±79.81±34.9753.1748.18164.9189.13164.91V/////////6M-43.63-17.04±198.58±85.67-76.21-69.06-354.24-173.95-354.24V-62.36-24.43±76.18±21.13-109.03-98.77-215.69-116.96-512.6971 框架柱内力组合(16层)杆件号截面内力种类恒载活载风载(±)地震荷载(±)内力组合①×1.2+②×1.4①×1.2+②×0.98①×1.2+1.0×(②+③)×1.4(①+②×0.5)×1.2+④×1.3①②③④MmaxNmaxNminMmaxNmaxNminMmaxNmaxNminMmaxNmaxNminE上端M10.155.946.262.320.5020.5020.5018.0018.0018.0029.2629.26-9.8118.7318.7312.75N73.2231.823.021.11132.41132.41132.41119.05119.05119.05136.64136.64123.19108.40108.40105.51下端M11.494.706.262.320.3720.3720.3718.3918.3918.3929.1329.13-9.8619.6019.6013.62N73.2231.823.021.11132.41132.41132.41119.05119.05119.05136.64136.64123.19108.40108.40105.51V-4.70-2.312.721.0-8.87-8.87-8.87-7.90-7.90-7.90-12.68-12.68-4.27-8.33-8.33-5.73H上端M7.184.018.703.2014.2314.2314.2312.5512.5512.5526.4126.41-0.0415.1815.186.86N148.8677.870.930.34287.65287.65287.65254.94254.94254.94288.95288.95275.29225.80225.80224.91下端M7.673.038.703.2013.4513.4513.4512.1712.1712.1725.6325.63-0.6915.1815.186.86N148.8677.870.930.34287.65287.65287.65254.94254.94254.94288.95288.95275.29225.80225.80224.91V-3.23-1.533.781.39-5.98-5.98-5.98-5.38-5.38-5.38-11.31-11.310.156-6.60-6.60-2.9971 J上端M-21.12-13.256.262.3-43.89-43.89-43.89-38.33-38.33-38.33-52.66-52.66-32.19-36.28-36.28-30.30N73.2231.822.100.77132.41132.41132.41119.05119.05119.05135.35135.35124.66107.96107.96105.96下端M-22.36-9.026.262.3-39.46-39.46-39.46-35.67-35.67-35.67-48.22-48.22-28.34-35.23-35.23-29.25N73.2231.822.100.77132.41132.41132.41119.05119.05119.05135.35135.35124.66107.96107.96105.96V9.762.312.721.014.9514.9514.9513.9813.9813.9818.7518.7510.3414.4014.4011.80框架柱内力组合(13层)杆件号截面内力种类恒载活载风载(±)地震荷载(±)内力组合①×1.2+②×1.4①×1.2+②×0.98①×1.2+1.0×(②+③)×1.4(①+②×0.5)×1.2+④×1.3①②③④MmaxNmaxNminMmaxNmaxNminMmaxNmaxNminMmaxNmaxNminE上端M4.7011.4922.2755.0420.3720.3720.3718.3918.3918.3947.7847.78-8.3623.1623.1610.06N65.2356.2325.055.75518.76518.76518.76491.37491.37491.37541.19541.19478.07474.07474.07459.12下端M4.1012.9322.2755.0421.2621.2621.2618.8918.8918.8948.7548.75-7.3824.5324.5311.42N65.2356.2325.055.75518.76518.76518.76491.37491.37491.37541.19541.19478.07474.07474.07459.12V-2.93-8.1414.853.36-13.87-13.87-13.87-12.64-12.64-12.64-32.17-32.175.25-15.89-15.89-7.16J上端M3.037.6733.7657.6513.4513.4513.4512.1712.1712.1755.5755.57-29.5220.9720.971.08N170.13621.727.361.68982.25982.25982.25912.79912.79912.79969.70969.70826.81850.33850.33845.96M2.968.9333.7657.6514.8614.8614.8613.6213.6213.6256.9956.99-28.1022.4422.442.5571 下端N170.13621.727.361.68982.25982.25982.25912.79912.79912.79969.70969.70826.81850.33850.33845.96V-2.00-5.5322.515.1-9.44-9.44-9.44-8.60-8.60-8.60-37.52-37.5219.21-14.47-14.47-1.21Q上端M-9.02-22.3622.2755.04-39.46-39.46-39.46-35.67-35.67-35.67-66.26-66.26-10.13-38.80-38.80-25.69N65.2356.2317.694.07518.76518.76518.76491.37491.37491.37531.92531.92487.34471.89471.89461.31下端M-7.06-24.2522.2755.04-38.96-38.96-38.96-36.02-36.02-36.02-66.06-66.06-9.93-39.89-39.89-26.78N65.2356.2317.694.07518.76518.76518.76491.37491.37491.37531.92531.92487.34471.89471.89461.31V5.5415.5414.853.3626.4026.4026.4024.0824.0824.0844.3444.346.9226.3426.3417.60框架柱内力组合(10层)杆件号截面内力种类恒载活载风载(±)地震荷载(±)内力组合①×1.2+②×1.4①×1.2+②×0.98①×1.2+0.9×(②+③)×1.4(①+②×0.5)×1.2+④×1.3①②③④MmaxNmaxNminMmaxNmaxNminMmaxNmaxNminMmaxNmaxNminE上端M11.744.4428.737.9820.3020.3020.3018.4418.4418.4460.5360.53-25.5627.1327.136.38N780.75115.2746.3713.111098.281098.281098.281049.861049.861049.861163.201163.201009.111023.111023.11989.0271 下端M11.654.6728.737.9820.5220.5220.5218.5618.5618.5660.7460.74-25.3827.1627.166.41N780.75115.2746.3713.111098.281098.281098.281049.861049.861049.861163.201163.201009.111023.111023.11989.02V-7.80-3.0419.155.32-13.62-13.62-13.62-12.34-12.34-12.34-40.43-40.43-16.97-18.1-18.1-4.27J上端M8.03.0246.2412.8613.8313.8313.8312.5612.5612.5678.5678.56-59.4228.1328.13-5.31N1380.53308.0712.943.652088.052088.052088.051958.541958.541958.542006.052006.052024.431846.221846.221836.73下端M8.163.2346.2412.8614.3114.3114.3112.9612.9612.9679.0579.05-58.9728.4528.45-4.99N1380.53308.0712.943.652088.052088.052088.051958.541958.541958.542006.052006.052024.431846.221846.221836.73V-5.59-2.0830.858.57-9.62-9.62-9.62-8.75-8.75-8.75-52.81-52.8139.26-19.10-19.103.19Q上端M-21.74-8.22128.737.98-37.60-37.60-37.60-34.14-34.14-34.14-77.82-77.828.88-41.39-41.39-20.65N780.75115.2733.439.461098.281098.281098.281049.861049.861049.861145.081145.081029.481018.361018.36993.76下端M-21.35-8.5428.737.98-37.58-37.58-37.58-33.99-33.99-33.99-77.80-77.808.87-41.12-41.12-20.37N780.75115.2733.439.461098.281098.281098.281049.861049.861049.861145.081145.081029.481018.361018.36993.76V14.365.5919.155.3225.0625.0625.0622.7122.7122.7154.4454.44-5.8927.7827.7813.6771 框架柱内力组合(5层)杆件号截面内力种类恒载活载风载(±)地震荷载(±)内力组合①×1.2+②×1.4①×1.2+②×0.98①×1.2+0.9×(②+③)×1.4(①+②×0.5)×1.2+④×1.3①②③④MmaxNmaxNminMmaxNmaxNminMmaxNmaxNminMmaxNmaxNminE上端M11.544.5255.6811.1120.1820.1820.1818.2818.2818.2889.789.7-50.6131.0031.002.12N1481.78199.62134.6928.672057.602057.602057.601973.761973.761973.762199.372199.371859.951935.181935.181861.17下端M12.524.9155.6811.1121.9021.9021.9019.8419.8419.8491.3791.37-48.9532.4132.413.53N1481.78199.62134.6928.672057.602057.602057.601973.761973.761973.762199.372199.371859.951935.181935.181861.17V-8.02-3.1437.127.40-14.02-14.02-14.02-12.7-12.7-12.7-60.35-60.3533.19-21.13-21.13-1.89H上端M7.883.1193.7818.7113.8113.8113.8112.5012.5012.50131.54131.54-104.7935.6535.65-13.00N2489.34537.8239.477.543740.163740.163740.163514.273514.273514.273714.593714.593615.133319.703319.703300.1071 下端M8.833.3893.7818.7115.3315.3315.3313.9113.9113.91133.02133.02-103.3136.9536.95-11.70N2489.34537.8239.477.543740.163740.163740.163514.273514.273514.273714.593714.593615.133319.703319.703300.10V-5.57-2.1662.5212.47-9.71-9.71-9.71-8.80-8.80-8.80-88.18-88.1869.37-24.19-24.198.23J上端M-21.00-8.2055.6811.11-36.68-36.68-36.68-33.24-33.24-33.24-105.69-105.6934.62-44.56-44.56-15.68N1481.78199.6295.2221.132057.602057.602057.601913.761913.761913.762149.632149.631909.681925.381925.381870.44下端M-22.64-8.8455.6811.71-39.54-39.54-39.54-35.83-35.83-35.83-108.46-108.4631.85-46.92-46.92-18.03N1481.78199.6295.2221.132057.602057.602057.601913.761913.761913.762149.632149.631909.681925.381925.381870.44V14.555.6837.127.4025.4125.4125.4123.0323.0323.0371.3971.39-22.1530.4930.4911.2571 1.1构件设计[11]1.1.1框架梁的配筋计算(梁截面200㎜×450㎜)因其他层次计算方法与下面计算相同,故只取地十层为例来计算。1、混凝土C30,HRB335级钢筋,fy=300N/㎜2,α1=1.0,fc=14.3N/㎜2,ft=1.43N/㎜2,ξb=0.55,箍筋采用HPB235,fyv=210N/㎜2。(1)跨中正截面Mmax=91.24KN·M,框架梁跨中截面为T形,T形截面翼缘宽度按梁跨度考虑:bf’=lo/3=48/3=1600㎜,ho=h-as=450-35=315㎜,hf’=100mm.1)判别T形截面类别α1fcbf’hf’(ho-hf’/2)=1.0×14.3×1600×100×(415-100/2)=835.12kN•m>Mmax故该截面属于第一类T形截面。2)计算钢筋面积㎜2选用318,As=763㎜23)验算适用条件:满足要求(2)支座正截面1)Mmax=164.39kN•m(支座截面为矩形)71 选用420,AS=1256mm22)验算适用条件:满足要求(3)支座斜截面Vmax=158.59KN1)复核截面尺寸:ho=h-as=450-35=415㎜,ho/b=415/200=2.08<4,属于厚腹梁,所选用混凝土等级为C30,因此βc=1.0,kN>158.59kN截面符合要求2)验算是否需要配置箍筋kN〈158.59kN故需配箍筋,但只配箍筋不用弯起钢筋。若选配8@120,实有配箍率:1.1.1框架柱的配筋计算因其他层次计算方法与下面计算相同,故只取地十层为例来计算。第十层柱:(柱截面400㎜×600㎜)混凝土C30,采用HRB335钢筋,fy=30071 N/㎜2,α1=1.0,fc=14.3N/㎜2,ft=1.43N/㎜2,ξb=0.55,箍筋采用HPB235,fyv=210N/㎜2,对称配筋。1、边柱(1)纵向受力钢筋:Mmax=77.82kN•mNmax=1163.20kN1)求偏心距增大系数则按构造配筋(2)箍筋计算柱端剪力:V=(M上+M下)/H=(60.53+60.74)/3.0=40.42kN故可按构造配置箍筋,选用8@200。2、中柱的配筋:(1)纵向受力钢筋:Mmax=79.05kN•mNmax=2106.05kN1)求偏心距增大系数2计算钢筋面积71 故按构造配筋(2)箍筋计算柱端剪力:V=(M上+M下)/H=(78.56+79.05)/3.0=52.54kN故可按构造配置箍筋,选用8@200。1.1楼梯设计[12]设计资料:楼梯平面如下图,层高3M,踏步尺寸166.7㎜×260㎜,采用C30混凝土,板采用HPB235级钢筋,梁纵向钢筋采用HRB335级钢筋,楼梯均布活荷载标准值。71 1.1.1梯段板设计取板厚h=100㎜。板倾斜角取1m宽板带计算。1、荷载计算(1)恒载水泥砂浆打平(0.26+0.17)×0.4/0.26=0.66kN/m三角形踏步0.5×0.26×0.17×25/0.26=2.13kN/m混凝土斜板0.1×25/0.78=3.21kN/m板底抹灰0.02×17/0.78=0.44kN/m小计:6.44kN/m(2)活载2.0kN/m总荷载设计值:P=1.2×6.44+1.4×2.0=10.53kN/m2、截面设计板水平计算跨度弯矩设计值kN·m板的有效高度分布筋每级踏步1根。1.1.2平台板设计取平台板厚h=80㎜,取1M宽板带计算。1、荷载计算(1)恒载水泥砂浆打平0.4kN/m80㎜厚混凝土板0.08×25=2.0kN/m板底抹灰0.02×17=0.34kN/m71 小计:2.74kN/m(2)活荷载0.2kN/m总荷载设计值:P=1.2×2.7+1.4×2.0=6.09kN/m2、截面设计板的有效高度3.9.3平台梁设计(设梁截面尺寸为200㎜×350㎜)1、荷载计算(1)恒载梁自重0.2×(0.3-0.06)×25=1.2kN/m梁侧粉刷0.02×(0.3-0.06)×2×17=0.16kN/m平台板传来2.74×1.2/2=1.64kN/m梯段板传来6.44×2.34/2=7.53kN/m小计:10.53kN/m(2)活荷载2×(2.34/2+1.2×2)=3.54kN/m2、截面设计计算跨度总荷载设计值P=1.2×10.53+1.4×3.54=17.59kN/m梁的有效高度ho=350-35=315㎜。选配210,As=157满足要求。故只需要构造配箍,6@200,两端各500mm距离内加密6@100。1.1基础设计[13]设计资料:第一层:杂填土层,厚3.0m,第二层:粉质粘土,厚15.6m,fak=120KPa,Es=6.0MPa,qsia=35KPa71 第三层:粉砂:厚5.0m;fak=185KPa,Es=16.0MPa,qsia=45KPa第四层:细砂:厚未揭穿,fak=270KPa,Es=19.5MPa,qsia=55KPa,qpa=2400KPa地下水位于地表以下1.5m。该工程采用450mm×450mm预制钢筋混凝土方桩,桩端置于第四层细砂层中,建筑桩基安全等级为二级,承台混凝土强度等级为C30,ft=1430kpa,fc=14300kpa,配置HRB400钢筋,fy=360N/mm2.1、承台设计以第一层边柱为例说明计算过程,桩基础计算简图如下:(1)确定桩基承载力设计值式中:为桩侧第I层土的极限侧阻力标准值,按《地基与基础》表8-3取值;为极限端阻力标准值,按《地基与基础》表8-4取值。于是单柱竖向极限承载力标准值:=0.45×4×(35×15.6+45×5+55×4)+2400×0.452=2269.8kN抗力分项系数:,故桩基的竖向极限承载力标准值:=2269.8/1.65=1375.6kN(2)初选桩的根数n〉F/R=4566.7/1375.6=3.32,取n=4根(3)选承台尺寸桩距S>3.0d=3.0×0.45=1.35m,取S=1.4m承台边长:a=b=1.4+2×0.5=2.4m暂取承台埋深为1.5m,承台高度为0.9m,桩伸入承台50mm,钢筋保护层厚度取35mm71 ,则承台有效高度为:h0=0.9-0.05-0.035=0.815m。(4)计算桩顶荷载设计值桩顶平均竖向力设计值:(取承台及土的平均重度20kN/m3)基桩的水平设计值:其值远小于结点的单桩水平承载力设计值,因此无须验算考虑群桩效应的基桩水平承载力的设计值Rh1。(5)承台受冲切承载力验算1)桩边冲切验算冲跨比与系数的计算2)角柱向上冲切验算71 (6)承台受剪切承载力计算剪跨比与以上冲切比相同。对Ⅰ-Ⅰ截面:剪切系数满足要求Ⅱ-Ⅱ斜截面的受剪承载力验算与Ⅰ-Ⅰ截面相同。(7)承台受弯承载力计算选用1420的钢筋,As=4400mm2,沿平与y轴方向平均布置,在平行于x轴方向均匀布置相同的钢筋,满足要求。71 结论在选择了这个毕业设计题目后,我便把所有可能用到的参考书例如:混凝土结构、高层建筑结构设计、房屋结构毕业设计指南、钢筋混凝土结构设计规范、地基基础、建筑结构荷载规范等全部借到,大概了解了一下本次设计所要完成的内容。接着在老师的指导和帮助下,按照工作日程的安排完成每阶段的工作任务,并且在设计过程中我们使用了广厦CAD专业软件进行结果的验算和结构施工图的绘制。在这次毕业设计中,进行荷载内力计算时手算的取值与电算有点区别,因此,最后得到的结果肯定有一定误差,但是得到的结果与电算还是比较接近的,这充分说明我在手算过程中所运用的理论知识是正确的,更加说明我独立完成工作的能力。电算为我们提供了更好的计算工具,又方便、快捷、准确,所以掌握好本专业相关软件的使用,将为自己节省更多的时间,提高工作效率。在这期间我觉得自己还是有很多收获的,不仅把以前所学的知识进行了一次系统复习,而且知道了作为一名土木工程专业的毕业生应该具备的基本素质。由于自己掌握知识程度有限及准备不足,设计中可能还有不当之处,例如没有过多的考虑消防问题等,请老师们多提宝贵意见。71 参考文献[1]《建筑结构设计术语和符号标准》(GB-T50083-97)[2]《房屋建筑制图统一标准》(GB/T50001-2001)[3]《结构建筑制图标准》(GB/T50105-2001)[4]《总图制图标准》(GB-T50103-2001)[5]《民用建筑设计通则》(JGJ37-87)[6]《建筑结构荷载规范》(GB50009-2001)[7]《建筑结构可靠度设计统一标准》(GB50068-2001)[8]《荷载与结构设计方法》(高等教育出版社)2003版[9]《结构力学》(高等教育出版社)2001版[10]《混凝土结构(中)》(中国建筑工业出版社)2005版[11]《混凝土结构与砌体结构设计》(中国建筑工业出版社)2005版[12]《建筑楼梯模数协调标准》(GBJ101-87)[13]《基础工程》(中国建筑工业出版社)2003版[14]《混凝土结构设计规范》(GB50010-2002)[15]《建筑地基基础设计规范》(GB50007-2002)[16]《建筑桩基设计规范》(JBJ94-94)[17]《建筑抗震设计规范》(GB50011-2001)[18]《建筑抗震设防分类标准》(GB50223-95)[19]《建筑结构工程师手册》(中国建筑工业出版社)2002版[20]《高层建筑结构设计》(中国建筑工业出版社)2003版[21]《建筑地基基础设计规范》(GB50007-2001)[22]《建筑结构荷载规范》(GB50009-2001)71'