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3层框架的计算书-本科毕业设计

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'大学本科毕业设计(论文)3层框架的计算书本科毕业设计73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)第1章工程概况某幼儿园教学楼共有三层,每层层高3.6米,采用钢筋混凝土现浇框架结构,该地区地震设防烈度7度,框架为三级抗震;(1)工程地质情况:岩土工程勘察报告指出,场地分层情况从上至下依次为杂填土、粉质粘土、粘土和灰岩,无不良地质现象和软弱下卧层,地下水埋深较大可不考虑,建议采用粉质粘土作为浅基础持力层(见图)。粉质粘土层中,、。图1-1土层分布图(2)混凝土强度等级为,纵向钢筋为级,箍筋为级;(3)活荷载标准值:上人屋面2.0kN/m2,教室2.0kN/m2,书库5.0kN/m2,厕所2.5kN/m2,楼梯、走廊2.5kN/m2;(4)基本风压为,地面粗糙度为B类;(5)该建筑采用独立柱基,持力层为粉质粘土层,基础埋置深度d=1.5m;(6)该建筑为幼儿园教学楼,不用考虑积灰荷载.73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)第2章框架结构布置及计算简图2.1结构柱网布置由于建筑总长度不超过55m,且为保温隔热屋面,所以不设变形缝。图2-1平面柱网布置图2.2估计板、柱、梁的截面尺寸(1)板楼板厚为120mm(2)柱本工程为现浇钢筋混凝土结构,7度设防,高度<30m,抗震等级为三级,查表得柱轴压比限值μ=0.9,取底层B轴柱估算截面尺寸,单位面积的重量标准为12~15kN/m2,取=14kN/m2。N==1.1×14×0.5×4.8×(7.5+3.0)×3=1031.18kN=1031.18×103/0.9/11.9=96282mm2取柱截面尺寸为400mm×500mm。(3)梁(把整个建筑分为教学的A、B区和办公的C区)73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)框架梁(主梁):A、B区教室:hb=(1/8~1/12)lb=(1/8~1/12)×7200=900~600mm取hb=600mmbb=(1/3~1/2)hb=1/3×600~1/2×600=200~300mm取bb=300mmA、B区走廊:hb=(1/8~1/12)lb=(1/8~1/12)×2100=263~175mm取hb=400mmbb=(1/3~1/2)hb=1/3×400~1/2×400=133~200mm取bb=200mmC区办公室:hb=(1/8~1/12)lb=(1/8~1/12)×7200=900~600mm取hb=600mmbb=(1/3~1/2)hb=1/3×600~1/2×600=200~300mm取bb=300mmC区走廊:取hb=400mm,bb=200mm连系梁:A、B区教室:hb=(1/8~1/12)lb=(1/8~1/12)×4800=600~400mm取hb=400mmbb=(1/3~1/2)hb=1/3×400~1/2×400=133~200mm因为连系梁上外墙厚为250mm,故取bb=250mmA、B区厕所跨度为6m与教室跨度相差不大,可以和教室的联系梁取一样,即hb=400mm,bb=250mm。C区办公室:hb=(1/8~1/12)lb=(1/8~1/12)×5100=638~425mm取hb=500mmbb=(1/3~1/2)hb=1/3×500~1/2×500=167~250mm取bb=250mmC区大厅:hb=(1/8~1/12)lb=(1/8~1/12)×7800=975~650mm取hb=700mmbb=(1/3~1/2)hb=1/3×700~1/2×700=267~350mm取bb=300mm次梁:由于楼板取得较厚,所以只需在C区的书库及阅览室设置次梁,其它可不设。73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)hb=(1/2~1/14)lb=(1/12~1/14)×7800=650~557mm取hb=600mmbb=(1/3~1/2)hb=1/3×600~1/2×600=200~300mm取bb=250mm2.3确定计算简图在A区取轴8与轴A~D相交的这榀框架进行计算,由于其它轴的梁上都有填充墙,且为了计算的框架具有代表性,所以在所取的这榀框架上也计算填充墙的重量。假定框架柱嵌固于基础顶面,框架梁与柱刚接,由于各层柱的截面尺寸不变,故梁跨等于柱截面形心轴线之间的距离。根据地质条件,选用柱下独立基础,设基础顶部离地面0.50m,所以首层柱子高H=3.6+0.5+0.45=4.55m,即底层柱高为4550mm,其余各层的柱高即为其层高3600mm。由此,可绘出计算简图。各层框架梁、柱的线刚度经计算后列于图2-2上,其中在求梁截面惯性矩时考虑现浇楼板作用,取I=2I0(I0为不考虑楼板翼缘作用的梁截面惯性矩)。采用混凝土C25,=2.8×107kN/㎡框架梁:i=2×1/12×0.3×0.63/7.2=4.2×104kN·mi=2×1/12×0.2×0.43/2.1=2.86×104kN·m底层柱:i=×1/12×0.4×0.43/4.55=1.23×104kN·m上部各层柱:i=×1/12×0.4×0.43/3.6=1.54×104kN·m图2-2所取的计算框架73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)图2-3结构计算简图(注:图中数字为线刚度,单位×104kN·m)·73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)第3章荷载计算3.1恒载计算(1)屋面框架梁线荷载标准值:SBS防水层0.40kN/m230mm厚细石混凝土找平层0.03×24=0.72kN/m260--100厚(2%找坡)膨胀珍珠岩保温层(0.06+0.1)/2×7=0.56kN/m2125mm厚加气混凝土保温层0.125×7=0.875kN/m2120mm厚钢筋混凝土楼板0.12×25=3.75kN/m2板底吊顶0.40kN/m2屋面恒荷载共计:6.705kN/m2框架梁自重0.3×0.6×25=4.50kN/m梁侧粉刷2×(0.6-0.15)×0.02×17=0.306kN/m共计:4.806kN/m因此,作用在屋顶框架梁上的线荷载为:gWAB1=4.806kN/mgWAB2=6.705×4.8=32.184kN/m教室外走廊上框架梁自重0.2×0.4×25=2kN/m梁侧粉刷2×(0.4-0.15)×0.02×17=0.17kN/m共计:2.17kN/m由于是单向板布置,作用在屋面框架梁上的线荷载只有其自重,为:gwBC=2.17kN/m(2)楼面框架梁线荷载标准值:水磨石地面0.65kN/m2120mm厚钢筋混凝土楼板0.12×25=3.75kN/m2板底吊顶0.4kN/m2楼面恒荷载共计:4.80kN/m2框架梁自重+梁侧粉刷4.806kN/m填充墙自重0.2×(3.9-0.6)×7=4.62kN/m73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)墙面粉刷(3.9-0.6)×0.02×2×17=2.244kN/m因此,作用在框架梁上的线荷载为:gAB2=4.80×4.8=23.04kN/mgAB1=4.806+4.62+2.44=11.86kN/m教室外走廊上框架梁自重0.2×0.4×25=2kN/m梁侧粉刷2×(0.4-0.15)×0.02×17=0.17kN/m共计:2.17kN/m由于是单向板布置,作用在楼层框架梁上的线荷载只有其自重,为:gBC=2.17kN/m(3)屋面框架结点集中荷载标准值:边柱连系梁自重0.25×0.4×4.8×25=12kN梁侧粉刷2×(0.4-0.15)×0.02×4.8×17=0.816kN1.1m高女儿墙自重1.1×4.8×0.2×7=7.392kN内侧粉刷1.1×4.8×0.02×17=1.795kN外侧贴面砖1.1×4.8×0.5=2.64kN框架柱自重0.4×0.4×1.1×25=4.4kN内侧粉刷0.02×(0.4+0.4-0.2+0.4-0.2)×1.1×17=0.30kN外侧贴面砖1.1×0.4×0.5=0.22kN纵向框架梁传来屋面自重0.5×2.4×4.8×6.705=38.62kN共计:GAW=68.18kN中柱连系梁自重0.25×0.4×4.8×25=12kN梁侧粉刷2×(0.4-0.15)×0.02×4.8×17=0.816kN纵向框架梁传来屋面自重0.5×2.4×4.8×6.705=38.62kN0.5×2.1×4.8×6.705=33.79kN共计:GBW=85.23kN边柱连系梁自重0.25×0.4×4.8×25=12kN梁侧粉刷2×(0.4-0.15)×0.02×4.8×17=0.816kN1.1m高女儿墙自重1.1×4.8×0.2×7=7.392kN73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)内侧粉刷1.1×4.8×0.02×17=1.795kN外侧贴面砖1.1×4.8×0.5=2.64kN框架柱自重0.4×0.4×1.1×25=4.4kN内侧粉刷0.02×(0.4+0.4-0.2+0.4-0.2)×1.1×17=0.30kN外侧贴面砖1.1×0.4×0.5=0.22kN纵向框架梁传来屋面自重0.5×2.1×4.8×6.705=33.79kN共计:GCW=63.35kN(3)楼面框架结点集中荷载标准值:屋面板:边柱连系梁自重0.25×0.4×4.8×25=12kN梁侧粉刷2×(0.4-0.15)×0.02×4.8×17=0.816kN喷塑铝合金窗自重4.4×2.6×0.45=5.148kN窗下墙体自重0.25×4.4×0.9×7=6.93kN内侧粉刷0.02×4.4×0.9×17=1.346kN外侧贴面砖4.4×0.9×0.5=1.98kN框架柱自重0.4×0.4×3.9×25=15.60kN内侧粉刷0.02×(0.4+0.4-0.25+0.4-0.25)×3.9×17=0.928kN外侧贴面砖0.4×3.9×0.5=0.78kN纵向框架梁传来楼面自重0.5×2.4×4.8×4.80=27.65kN共计:GA4=73.18kN中柱连系梁自重0.25×0.4×4.8×25=12kN梁侧粉刷2×(0.4-0.15)×0.02×4.8×17=0.816kN喷塑铝合金窗自重2.4×2.6×0.45=2.808kN窗下墙体自重0.25×2.4×0.9×7=3.78kN粉刷2×0.02×2.4×0.9×17=1.469kN窗边墙体自重0.25×(3.9-0.4)×0.9×7=5.51kN粉刷2×0.02×(3.9-0.4)×0.9×17=2.142kN木门自重1.1×2.6×0.2=0.572kN门上墙体自重0.25×1.1×(3.9-0.4-2.6)×7=1.733kN框架柱自重0.4×0.4×3.9×25=15.60kN73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)粉刷0.02×(0.4+0.4+0.4-0.25+0.4-0.25)×3.9×17=1.459kN纵向框架梁传来楼面自重0.5×2.4×4.8×4.80=27.65kN0.5×2.1×4.8×4.80=24.19kN共计:GB4=99.73kN边柱连系梁自重0.25×0.4×4.8×25=12kN梁侧粉刷2×(0.4-0.15)×0.02×4.8×17=0.816kN框架柱自重0.4×0.4×3.9×25=15.60kN内侧粉刷0.02×(0.4+0.4-0.2+0.4-0.2)×3.9×17=1.06kN外侧贴面砖0.4×3.9×0.5=0.78kN纵向框架梁传来1.1m高墙自重1.1×4.8×0.2×7=7.392kN内侧粉刷1.1×4.8×0.02×17=1.795kN外侧贴面砖1.1×4.8×0.5=2.64kN纵向框架梁传来楼面自重0.5×2.1×4.8×4.80=24.19kN共计:GC4=66.27kN三层楼板:GA3=GA4=73.18kN中柱连系梁自重0.25×0.4×4.8×25=12kN梁侧粉刷2×(0.4-0.15)×0.02×4.8×17=0.816kN喷塑铝合金窗自重2.4×0.5×0.45=0.54kN窗下墙体自重0.25×2.4×(3.9-0.5-0.4)×7=12.60kN粉刷2×0.02×2.4×(3.9-0.5-0.4)×17=4.896kN木门自重1.3×2.6×0.2=0.676kN门上墙体自重0.25×1.3×(3.9-0.4-2.6)×7=2.048kN框架柱自重0.4×0.4×3.9×25=15.60kN粉刷0.02×(0.4+0.4+0.4-0.25+0.4-0.25)×3.9×17=1.459kN纵向框架梁传来楼面自重0.5×2.4×4.8×4.80=27.65kN0.5×2.1×4.8×4.80=24.19kN共计:GB3=102.48kNGC3=GC4=66.27kN二层楼板:GA2=GA4=73.18kN73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)GB2=GB4=99.73kNGC2=GC4=66.27kN图3-1恒荷载作用下结构计算简图3.2活载计算屋面框架梁上均布活荷载:qwAB=4.8×2.0=9.60kN/m楼面框架梁上均布活荷载:qAB=4.8×2.0=9.60kN/m(1)框架结点集中活荷载PAw=0.5×2.4×4.8×2.0=11.52kNPBw=(0.5×2.4×4.8+0.5×2.1×4.8)×2.0=21.60kNPCw=0.5×2.1×4.8×2.0=10.08kNPA4=0.5×2.4×4.8×2.0=11.52kNPC4=0.5×2.1×4.8×2.5=12.60kNPB4=0.5×2.4×4.8×2.0+0.5×2.1×4.8×2.5=24.12kNPA3=0.5×2.4×4.8×2.0=11.52kNPC3=0.5×2.1×4.8×2.5=12.60kNPB3=0.5×2.4×4.8×2.0+0.5×2.1×4.8×2.5=24.12kN73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)PA2=0.5×2.4×4.8×2.0=11.52kNPC2=0.5×2.1×4.8×2.5=12.60kNPB2=0.5×2.4×4.8×2.0+0.5×2.1×4.8×2.5=24.12kN图3-2活载作用下结构计算简图3.3风荷载计算风载标准值计算公式为:(3-1)式中:——高度z处的风振系数;——风荷载体型系数;——风压高度变化系数;——基本风压(kN/m2)。因结构高度H=10.80m<30m,可取=1.0,对于矩形平面μS=1.3,μZ查荷载规范得:<1.0,取=1.0。将风荷载换算成作用于框架每层节点上的集中荷载,计算过程如下表:(表中A为一榀框架各层节点的受风面积)73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)表3-1风荷载计算层次βZμSμZω0ZA(m2)Pw(kN)41.01.31.060.512.1518.7212.9031.01.31.00.58.2518.7212.1721.01.31.00.54.3519.8012.87图3-3风荷载作用下的结构计算简图73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)第4章横向框架顶点位移计算4.1各构件自重计算表4-1梁、柱自重计算表楼层类别截面跨度(m)(高度)单重(kN)根数总重(kN)一层主梁1300×6007.232.412388.8主梁2200×4002.14.21250.4连系梁1250×4004.81230360连系梁2250×400618.75356.25∑G855.45柱400×4004.8519.436698.4二层主梁1300×6007.232.410324主梁2200×4002.14.21042连系梁1250×4004.81224288连系梁2250×400618.75356.25∑G710.25柱400×4003.915.630468屋顶主梁1300×6007.232.48259.2主梁2200×4002.14.2833.6连系梁1250×4004.81218216连系梁2250×400618.75356.25∑G565.05柱400×4003.915.624374.4屋顶柱400×4001.14.41670.4表4-2内外墙自重计算表层数类别厚度(mm)长度(m)高度(m)单重(kN)数量总重(kN)一层AB跨内墙2006.83.331.426188.52AB跨外墙2508.53.349.09298.18A轴教室外墙2504.40.96.931069.3A轴厕所窗间外墙25023.512.25112.25A轴厕所窗下外墙2501.80.92.8425.67B轴教室门间外墙2503.1316.2810162.8B轴教室门上外墙2501.30.92.051020.5厕所内隔墙20053.927.3127.3厕所外隔墙2003.43.918.56118.5673 大学本科毕业设计(论文)∑G603.08二层AB跨内墙2006.83.331.425157.1AB跨外墙2508.53.349.09149.09A轴教室外墙2504.40.96.93855.44A轴厕所窗间外墙25023.512.25112.25A轴厕所窗下外墙2501.80.92.8425.67B轴教室门间外墙2500.93.96.14849.14B轴教室门上外墙2501.10.91.73813.86B轴教室窗下外墙2502.40.93.78830.24厕所内隔墙20053.927.3127.3厕所外隔墙2003.43.918.56118.56∑G418.65三层AB跨内墙2006.83.331.425157.1AB跨外墙2508.53.349.09149.09A轴教室外墙2504.40.96.93748.51A轴厕所窗间外墙25023.512.25112.25A轴厕所窗下外墙2501.80.92.8425.67B轴教室门间外墙2503.1316.28697.65B轴教室门上外墙2501.30.92.05612.3B轴教室窗下外墙2504.40.96.9316.93厕所内隔墙20053.927.3127.3厕所外隔墙2003.43.918.56118.56∑G435.36表4-3门窗自重计算表层数类型尺寸(m)自重(kN/m2)单重(kN)数量总重(kN)一层C14.4×2.60.455.151051.5C31.8×2.62.1224.24C82.4×0.50.54105.4M11.3×2.60.20.68106.8M21.1×2.20.4820.96∑G68.9二层C14.4×2.60.455.15841.2C31.8×2.62.1224.24C22.4×2.62.81822.48M31.1×2.60.20.5784.56M21.1×2.20.4820.96∑G73.4473 大学本科毕业设计(论文)三层C14.4×2.60.455.15841.2C31.8×2.62.1224.24C82.4×0.50.5463.24M11.3×2.60.20.6864.08M21.1×2.20.4841.92∑G54.68表4-41.1m高外墙自重计算表楼层厚度(mm)高度(m)长度(m)单重(kN)数量总重(kN)一层2001.14.46.781067.85.68.6218.628.913.71113.71∑G90.13二层2001.14.46.78533.95.68.6218.628.913.71113.712.23.3913.39∑G59.62三层2001.14.46.78640.685.68.6218.628.913.71113.71∑G63.014.2楼板恒载、活载计算A区一层楼板面积:(按轴线面积计算)教室54×7.2=388.8m2走廊54×2.1=113.4m2二层楼板面积:教室(54-9.6)×7.2=319.68m2走廊(54-9.6)×2.1=93.24m2三层楼板面积:教室(54-14.4)×7.2=285.12m2走廊(54-14.4)×2.1=83.16m2屋顶面积:(54-19.2)×(7.2+2.1)=323.64m2一层楼板恒载:(388.8+113.4)×4.8=2410.56kN活载:388.8×2.0+113.4×2.5=1061.1kN73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)二层楼板恒载:(319.68+93.24)×4.8=1982.02kN活载:319.68×2.0+93.24×2.5=872.46kN三层楼板恒载:(285.12+83.16)×4.8=1767.74kN活载:285.12×2.0+83.16×2.5=778.14kN屋顶恒载:323.64×6.705=2170kN屋顶活载:323.64×(0.5+0.3)=258.91kN4.3荷载分层汇总顶层重力荷载代表值包括:屋面恒载+50%活载+纵横梁自重+半层柱自重+半层墙体自重其它层重力荷载代表值:楼面恒载+50%楼面均布活载+纵横梁自重+楼面上下各半层的柱及纵横墙体自重。一层重力荷载代表值:=2410.56+0.5×1061.1+1.05×[855.45+0.5×(698.4+468+603.08+418.65)+90.13]+73.44=5156.18kN二层重力荷载代表值:=1982.02+0.5×872.46+1.05×[710.25+0.5×(468+421.2+418.65+435.36)+59.62]+54.68=4196.48kN三层重力荷载代表值:=1767.74+0.5×778.14+1.05×[637.65+0.5×(421.2+374.4+435.36+343.63)+63.01]+51.84=3771.00kN屋顶重力荷载代表值:=2170+0.5×258.91+1.05×[565.05+0.5×(374.4+343.63)+70.4+112.46]=3461.72kN说明:梁柱墙的粉刷层重力荷载没算,故对其重力荷载乘上增大系数1.05。73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)图4-1各质点的重力荷载代表值(单位:kN)4.4横向框架顶点位移计算表4-5刚度计算柱层类型KaD根数一层A轴柱3.410.723454412B轴柱5.740.806505812C轴柱2.330.654410412∑D255864二层A轴柱2.730.577701010B轴柱4.580.696845610C轴柱1.860.482585610∑D213220三层A轴柱2.730.57770109B轴柱4.580.69684569C轴柱1.860.48258669∑D191988∑D170576备注底层一般层73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)表4-6横向框架顶点位移层次(kN)(kN)(kN/m)层间相对位移(m)(m)33771.007232.721919880.03770.156124196.4811429.202132200.05360.118415156.1816585.362558640.06480.0648第5章水平地震力作用下内力计算5.1横向框架自振周期按顶点位移法计算框架的自振周期将结构按质量分布情况简化为无限质点的悬臂直杆,导出以直杆顶点位移表示的基本公式。这样,只要求出结构的顶点水平位移,就可以按下式求得结构的基本周期:(5-1)式中:——基本周期调整系数,取0.6。——框架的顶点位移。在未求出框架的周期前,无法求出框架的地震力及位移,是将框架的重力荷载视为水平作用力,求得的假象框架顶点位移;然后由求出,再用求出框架结构的底部剪力;进而求出框架各层剪力和结构真正的位移。=1.7×0.6×=0.43s5.2水平地震作用下横向框架变形计算在Ⅱ类场地,7度近震区,结构的特征周期Tg和地震影响系数αmax为:Tg=0.35sαmax=0.08由底部剪力法计算公式:73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)FEK=ξα1GE=0.85×0.066×16585.36=930.44kN式中:ξ——重力等效系数,约等于0.85左右;==16585.36kN由于T1=0.43s<1.4×0.35=0.49s,所以顶部附加地震作用系数δn=0(5-2)式中:是各层重力荷载代表值之和,由第四章计算所得,详见4.3荷载分层汇总。表5-1各层所受剪力计算表楼层(m)(m)(kN)(kN·m)(kN)(kN)33.912.653771.0047703.150.286266.10586.1723.98.754196.4836719.200.220204.70790.8714.854.855156.1825007.470.150139.56930.44(a)(b)图5-1(a)水平地震作用(b)地震剪力图(单位:kN)表5-2横向变形验算楼层(kN)(kN/m)(m)(m)层间相对弹性转角3586.171919880.00313.91/12582790.872132200.00373.91/10541930.442558640.00364.851/134773 大学本科毕业设计(论文)层间弹性相对转角均满足要求<[]=1/450,(若考虑填充墙抗力作用为1/550)。5.3水平地震作用下横向框架的内力分析(1)框架柱端剪力及弯矩分别按下列公式计算:(5-3)(5-4)(5-5)(5-6)式中:Vjk为第i层第j根柱的剪力;框架柱的标准反弯点高度比;y1为上下层梁线刚度变化时反弯点高度比的修正值;为上下层层高变化时反弯点高度比的修正值。表5-3反弯点高度计算表楼层柱Ky0y1y2y3y3A2.730.490000.49B4.580.500000.50C1.860.450000.452A2.730.500000.50B4.580.500000.50C1.860.490000.491A3.410.550000.55B5.740.550000.55C2.330.550000.55表5-4柱弯矩计算表楼层(m)(kN)(kN/m)A轴柱(边柱)(kN)yM(kN·m)上端下端33.6586.17191988701021.400.4942.5640.9023.6790.87213220701026.000.5050.7050.7014.55930.44255864454416.520.5536.0544.07柱弯矩计算表(续)楼层(m)(kN)(kN/m)B轴柱(中柱)(kN)yM(kN·m)73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)上端下端33.6586.17191988845625.820.5050.3550.3523.6790.87213220845631.360.5061.1561.1514.55930.44255864505818.390.5540.1449.06柱弯矩计算表(续)楼层(m)(kN)(kN/m)C轴柱(边柱)(kN)yM(kN·m)上端下端33.6586.17191988585617.880.4538.3531.3823.6790.87213220585621.720.4943.2041.5114.55930.44255864410414.920.5532.5639.80表5-5梁弯矩、剪力计算表楼层AB跨梁BC跨梁L(m)M(kN·m)Vb(kN)L(m)M(kN·m)Vb(kN)39.065.6446.5315.583.031.6755.0741.3029.091.6066.3421.943.045.1674.5857.0219.086.7560.2720.423.041.0274.0754.80表中:(5-7)表5-6柱轴力计算楼层柱轴力(kN)322.3138.0160.32244.2573.09117.34164.67107.47172.14表5-7柱剪力计算表楼层柱剪力(kN)321.4025.8217.88226.0031.3621.72116.5218.3914.92表中:(5-8)73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)图5-1地震作用下框架弯矩图(单位:kN·m)图5-2地震作用下框架柱轴力图(单位:kN)73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)图5-3地震作用下框架剪力图(单位:kN)图5-4梁端柱边弯矩(单位:kN·m)第6章风荷载作用下横向框架的内力计算表6-1柱弯、剪力计算楼层(m)(kN)(kN)A轴柱(边柱)(kN)yM(kN·m)上端下端33.612.9021.950.3297.220.4914.3613.8023.612.1734.120.32911.230.5021.9021.9014.5512.8746.990.33215.600.5534.0541.6173 大学本科毕业设计(论文)楼层(m)(kN)(kN)B轴柱(中柱)(kN)yM(kN·m)上端下端33.612.9021.950.3978.710.5016.9816.9823.612.1734.120.39713.550.5026.4226.4214.5512.8746.990.36917.340.5537.8446.25楼层(m)(kN)(kN)C轴柱(边柱)(kN)yM(kN·m)上端下端33.612.9021.950.2756.040.4512.9610.6023.612.1734.120.2759.380.4918.6617.9314.5512.8746.990.29914.050.5530.6637.48表6-2梁弯矩、剪力计算楼层AB跨梁BC跨梁L(m)M(kN·m)Vb(kN)L(m)M(kN·m)Vb(kN)3919.5913.854.6439.4316.7512.472935.7024.718.39318.6929.2622.831955.9538.2313.08326.0348.5535.5173 大学本科毕业设计(论文)图6-1风荷载作用下框架弯矩图(单位:kN·m)表6-3柱轴力计算楼层柱轴力(kN)36.1610.6116.77214.5525.0539.60127.6347.4875.11表6-4风荷载作用下框架侧移计算楼层(m)(kN)(kN)(m)u(m)/h33.612.9021.95213220.00100.00601/390023.612.1734.12213220.00160.00501/243814.5512.8746.99137060.00340.00341/1426表中Δue/h<1/550,都满足要求。73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)图6-2风荷载作用下框架剪力图(单位:kN)图6-3风荷载作用下框架柱轴力图(单位:kN)73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)第7章竖向恒荷载作用下横向框架的内力计算计算位置的取定:如图7-1所示图7-1屋(楼)面板支承梁的荷载图7-2分层法计算简图7.1顶层弯矩计算把梯形荷载化作等效均布荷载:=+(1-2+)=4.8+(1-2×+)×32.1873 大学本科毕业设计(论文)=31.03kN/m(1)固端弯矩:=-=-×31.03×=-134.05kN/m==×31.03×=134.05kN/m=-=-×2.17×=-0.80kN/m==×2.17×=0.80kN/m(2)分配系数:=0.9×4i=0.9×4×1.54×=6.16×=4i=4×4.2×=16.8×==0.268==0.732=0.268+0.732=1=0.9×4i=0.9×4×1.54×=6.16×=4i=4×4.2×=16.8×=4i=4×2.86×=11.44×==0.179==0.488==0.333=0.179+0.488+0.333=1=0.9×4i=0.9×4×1.54×=6.16×=4i=4×2.86×=11.44×==0.350==0.65073 大学本科毕业设计(论文)=0.350+0.650=1图7-3顶层弯矩分配法计算过程图7-4顶层弯矩图(单位:kN·m)7.2中间层弯矩计算把梯形荷载化作等效均布荷载:=+(1-2+)=11.86+(1-2×+)×23.04=30.64kN/m73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)(1)固端弯矩:=-=-×30.64×=-132.36kN/m==×30.64×=132.36kN/m=-=-×2.17×=-0.80kN/m==×2.17×=0.80kN/m(2)分配系数:==0.9×4i=0.9×4×1.54×=6.16×=16.8×===0.212==0.576=0.212+0.212+0.576=1==0.9×4i=0.9×4×1.54×=6.16×=16.8×=4i=4×2.86×=11.44×===0.152==0.414==0.282=0.152+0.152+0.414+0.282=1==0.9×4i=0.9×4×1.54×=6.16×=4i=4×2.86×=11.44×===0.259==0.48273 大学本科毕业设计(论文)=0.259+0.259+0.482=1图7-5中间层弯矩分配法计算过程图7-6中间层弯矩图(单位:kN·m)7.3底层弯矩计算(1)分配系数:=4i=4×1.23×=4.92×=6.16×=16.8×==0.176==0.221==0.60373 大学本科毕业设计(论文)=4.92×=6.16×=16.8×=11.44×==0.125==0.157==0.427==0.291=4.92×=6.16×=11.44×==0.218==0.274==0.508图7-7底层弯矩分配法计算过程73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)图7-8底层弯矩图(单位:kN·m)7.4二次分配用分层法求得各层弯矩图后,将各层弯矩叠加可得整个框架结构在恒载作用下的弯矩图,很明显,叠加后框架内各节点弯矩并不一定能达到平衡。为提高精确度,可将弯矩不平衡的节点弯矩进行再分配修正。在修正过程中,只分配一次,不再传递。表7-1二次分配计算表楼层及结点类型分配系数分配数值-×原值平衡数值顶层AA40.512.09-6.0549.8155.86AB0.50-6.05-49.81-55.86BBA0.48804.6298.37102.99B40.179-9.471.70-38.05-45.82BC0.33303.15-60.34-57.19CCB0.50-1.11-12.10-13.21C40.52.21-1.1112.1013.20三层AAW0.21216.60-6.0836.2846.80A30.21212.09-6.0836.2842.29AB0.5760-16.53-72.56-89.09BBA0.41409.17104.21113.38BW0.152-12.683.37-28.42-37.73B30.152-9.473.37-28.42-34.52BC0.28206.25-47.37-41.12CCB0.4820-3.01-13.24-16.25CW0.2594.03-1.626.629.03C40.2592.21-1.626.627.21二AA20.21212.75-5.2736.2843.7673 大学本科毕业设计(论文)层A40.21212.09-5.2736.2843.10AB0.5760-14.31-72.56-86.87BBA0.41408.05104.21112.26B20.152-9.982.96-28.42-35.44B40.152-9.472.96-28.42-34.93BC0.28205.48-47.37-41.89CCB0.4820-2.25-13.24-15.49C20.2592.46-1.216.627.87C40.2592.21-1.216.627.62底层AA30.22112.09-2.6730.4739.89A10.1760-2.1338.2436.11AB0.6030-7.29-68.71-76.00BBA0.42704.04103.16107.56B30.157-9.471.49-29.93-37.91B10.12501.18-23.8222.64BC0.29102.76-49.43-46.67CCB0.5080-1.12-13.24-14.36C30.2742.21-0.617.388.98C10.21800.485.866.347.5梁跨中弯矩=-(+)/2=×31.03×-(55.86+102.99)/2=121.64kN·m=-(+)/2=×30.64×-(89.09+113.38)/2=97.31kN·m=-(+)/2=×30.64×-(86.87+112.26)/273 大学本科毕业设计(论文)=98.98kN·m=-(+)/2=×30.64×-(76+107.56)/2=106.77kN·m图7-9恒载作用下框架M图(kN·m)7.6框架梁剪力计算(7-1)(7-2)(7-3)(7-4)=(55.86+0.5×31.03×-102.99)/7.2=105.16kN73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)=(55.86-0.5×31.03×-102.99)/7.2=-118.25kN=(57.19+0.5×2.17×+13.20)/2.1=35.80kN=(57.19-0.5×2.17×+13.20)/2.1=31.24kN=(89.09+0.5×30.64×-113.38)/7.2=106.93kN=(89.09-0.5×30.64×-113.38)/7.2=-113.68kN=(41.12+0.5×2.17×+16.25)/2.1=29.60kN=(41.12-0.5×2.17×+16.25)/2.1=25.04kN=(86.87+0.5×30.64×-112.36)/7.2=106.76kN=(86.87-0.5×30.64×-112.36)/7.2=-113.84kN=(41.89+0.5×2.17×+15.49)/2.1=29.60kN=(41.89-0.5×2.17×+15.49)/2.1=25.04kN=(76.00+0.5×30.64×-107.56)/7.2=105.92kN=(76.00-0.5×30.64×-107.56)/7.2=-114.69kN=(46.67+0.5×2.17×+14.36)/2.1=31.34kN=(46.67-0.5×2.17×+14.36)/2.1=26.79kN7.7框架柱剪力计算(7-5)=(55.86+46.80)/3.9=26.32kN=(42.29+43.10)/3.9=21.89kN=(43.76+39.89)/3.9=21.44kN=(36.11+10.17)/4.85=9.54kN=(45.82+37.73)/3.9=21.42kN73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)=(34.52+34.93)/3.9=17.81kN=(35.44+28.75)/3.9=16.46kN(22.64+11.91)/4.85=7.12kN=(13.20+7.21)/3.9=5.23kN=(9.04+7.62)/3.9=4.27kN=(7.87+8.98)/3.9=4.32kN=(5.36+1.95)/4.85=1.51kN7.8框架柱轴力计算=68.18+105.16=173.34kN=173.34+73.18+106.93=353.45kN=353.45+73.18+106.76=533.35kN=533.35+7.318+105.92=712.45kN=85.23+118.25+38.80=242.28kN=242.28+99.73+113.68+29.60=485.29kN=485.29+102.48+113.84+29.60=731.21kN=731.21+99.73+114.69+31.34=976.97kN=63.35-31.24=32.11kN=32.11+66.27-25.04=73.34kN=73.34+66.27-25.04=114.57kN=114.57+66.27-26.79=154.05kN由于钢筋混凝土结构具有塑性内力重分布性质,为了实现梁铰机制而且梁端并非固定端,在竖向荷载作用下适当降低梁端弯矩,进行调幅,以减少负弯矩钢筋的拥挤现象。对于现浇框架,调幅系数β=0.8~0.9,本设计取β=0.85。73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)支座弯矩调幅降低后,梁跨中弯矩应相应增加,且调幅后的跨中弯矩不应小于简支情况下跨中弯矩的1/3,跨中弯矩值乘以1.2。图7-10调幅后框架M图(kN·m)图7-11恒载作用下柱轴力图(kN)73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)图7-12恒载作用下框架剪力图(kN)7.9梁端柱边剪力与弯矩图7-13梁端柱边剪力图(单位:kN)73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)图7-14梁端柱边M图(kN·m)计算公式:(7-6)式中:——梁端柱边剪力;g——梁上均布荷载(kN/m);b——柱宽。(7-7)式中:——梁端柱边弯矩73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)第8章活荷载作用下横向框架的内力计算竖向荷载作用下框架的内力分析,除活荷载较大的工业厂房外,对一般的工业与民用建筑可以不考虑活荷载的不利布置。这样求得的框架内力,梁跨中弯矩较考虑活荷载不利布置法求得的弯矩偏低,但当活荷载在总荷载比例较小时,其影响很小,若活载占总荷载比例较大,可在截面配筋时,将跨中弯矩乘1.1~1.2的放大系数予以调整。图8-1分层法计算简图8.1顶层弯矩计算把梯形荷载化作等效均布荷载:=(1-2×+)×9.60=7.82kN/m(1)固端弯矩:=-=-×7.82×=-33.78kN/m==×7.82×=33.78kN/m==0(2)由第七章可得分配系数如下:=0.268=0.73273 大学本科毕业设计(论文)=0.179=0.488=0.333=0.350=0.650图8-2顶层弯矩分配法计算过程图8-3顶层弯矩图(单位:kN·m)8.2中间层弯矩计算把梯形荷载化作等效均布荷载:=(1-2×+)×9.60=7.82kN/m(1)固端弯矩:=-=-×7.82×=-33.78kN/m73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)==×7.82×=33.78kN/m==0(2)分配系数:==0.212=0.576==0.152=0.414=0.282==0.259=0.482图8-4中间层弯矩分配法计算过程73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)图8-5中间层弯矩图(单位:kN·m)8.3底层弯矩计算(1)分配系数:=0.176=0.221=0.603=0.125=0.157=0.427=0.291=0.218=0.274=0.508图8-6底层弯矩分配法计算过程73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)图8-7底层弯矩图(单位:kN·m)8.4二次分配表8-1二次分配计算表楼层及结点类型分配系数分配数值-×原值平衡数值顶层AA40.53.09-1.5512.5714.12AB0.50-1.55-12.57-14.12BBA0.48801.1924.6625.85B40.179-2.430.43-9.63-11.63BC0.33300.81-15.02-14.21CCB0.50-0.29-3.14-3.43C40.50.58-0.293.143.43三层AAW0.2124.19-1.549.2711.92A30.2123.09-1.549.2710.82AB0.5760-4.19-18.54-22.73BBA0.41402.2626.4928.75BW0.152-3.020.83-7.29-9.48B30.152-2.430.83-7.29-8.89BC0.28201.54-11.90-10.3673 大学本科毕业设计(论文)CCB0.4820-0.79-3.50-4.29CW0.2591.05-0.421.752.38C40.2590.58-0.421.751.91二层AA20.2123.09-1.359.2711.01A40.2123.26-1.359.2711.18AB0.5760-3.66-18.54-22.20BBA0.41402.0726.4928.56B20.152-2.430.76-7.29-8.96B40.152-2.560.76-7.29-9.09BC0.28201.41-11.90-10.49CCB0.4820-0.59-3.50-4.09C20.2590.65-0.321.752.08C40.2590.58-0.321.752.01底层AA30.2213.09-0.689.7812.19A10.1760-0.547.797.25AB0.6030-1.86-17.56-19.42BBA0.42701.0426.2227.26B30.157-2.430.38-7.68-9.73B10.12500.30-6.13-5.83BC0.29100.71-12.41-11.70CCB0.5080-0.29-3.51-3.80C30.2740.58-0.161.952.37C10.2180-0.131.561.438.5梁跨中弯矩=-(+)/2=×7.82×-(14.12+25.85)/2=30.68kN·m73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)=-(+)/2=×7.82×-(22.73+28.75)/2=24.93kN·m=-(+)/2=×7.82×-(22.20+28.56)/2=25.29kN·m=-(+)/2=×7.82×-(19.42+27.26)/2=29.26kN·m图8-8活载作用下框架M图(kN·m)73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)8.6框架梁剪力计算=(14.12+0.5×7.82×-25.85)/7.2=26.52kN=(14.12-0.5×7.82×-25.85)/7.2=-30.20kN==(14.21+3.43)/2.1=8.40kN=(22.73+0.5×7.82×-28.75)/7.2=27.32kN=(22.73-0.5×7.82×-28.75)/7.2=-28.99kN==(10.36+4.09)/2.1=6.88kN=(22.20+0.5×7.82×-28.56)/7.2=27.27kN=(22.20-0.5×7.82×-28.56)/7.2=-29.03kN==(10.49+4.09)/2.1=6.94kN=(19.42+0.5×7.82×-27.26)/7.2=27.06kN=(19.42-0.5×7.82×-27.26)/7.2=-29.24kN==(11.70+3.80)/2.1=7.38kN8.7框架柱剪力计算=(14.12+11.92)/3.9=6.68kN=(10.82+11.01)/3.9=5.60kN=(11.18+12.19)/3.9=5.99kN=(7.25+2.60)/4.85=2.03kN=(11.63+9.48)/3.9=5.41kN=(8.89+9.09)/3.9=4.61kN=(8.92+9.73)/3.9=4.78kN73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)(5.83+2.04)/4.85=1.62kN=(3.43+2.38)/3.9=1.49kN=(1.91+2.01)/3.9=1.01kN=(2.08+2.37)/3.9=1.14kN=(1.43+0.52)/4.85=0.40kN8.8框架柱轴力计算=4.61+26.52=31.13kN=31.13+11.52+27.32=69.97kN=69.97+11.52+27.27=108.76kN=108.76+11.52+27.06=147.34kN=8.64+30.20+8.40=47.24kN=47.24+24.12+28.99+6.88=107.23kN=107.23+24.12+29.03+6.94=167.32kN=167.32+24.12+29.24+7.38=227.06kN=4.03-8.40=-4.37kN=-4.37+12.60-6.88=1.35kN=1.35+12.60-6.94=7.01kN=7.01+12.60-7.38=12.23kN73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)图8-9调幅后框架M图(kN·m)图8-10活载作用下柱轴力图(kN)73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)图8-11活载作用下框架剪力图(kN)8.9梁端柱边剪力与弯矩图8-12梁端柱边剪力图(单位:kN)73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)图8-13梁端柱边M图(kN·m)73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)第9章内力组合本章中单位统一为:弯矩kN∙m,剪力kN,轴力kN。根据前面第四至八章的内力计算结果,即可进行框架各梁柱各控制截面上的内力组合,其中AB跨梁的控制截面为梁端柱边及跨中,BC跨梁的控制截面为梁端柱边,每层梁取5个控制截面。柱分为边柱和中柱,每根柱有2个控制截面。内力组合使用的控制截面标于下图。图9-1控制截面9.1梁内力组合(1)计算过程见下页表中,弯矩以下部受拉为正,剪力以沿截面顺时针为正①地震作用效应与重力荷载代表值的组合表达式为:(9-1)其中,SGE为相应于水平地震作用下重力荷载代表值效应的标准值。而重力荷载代表值表达式为:(9-2)式中:Gk——恒荷载标准值;Qik——第i个可变荷载标准值;ΨQi——第i个可变荷载的组合之系数,屋面活荷载不计入,雪荷载和楼面活荷载均为0.5。考虑到地震有左震和右震两种情况,而在前面第八章计算地震作用内力时计算的是左震用时的内力,则在下表中有1.2(①+0.5②)+1.3③和1.2(①+0.5②)-1.3③两列,分别代表左震和右震参与组合。73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)②因为风荷载效应同地震作用效应相比较小,不起控制作用,则在下列组合中风荷载内力未参与,仅考虑分别由恒荷载和活荷载控制的两种组合,即1.35①+1.4×0.7②和1.2①+1.4②两列。表9-1梁内力组合计算表楼层截面①恒荷载②活荷载③地震作用(左震)MVMVMV三层1-55.56100.80-14.1725.7662.5215.582116.77—29.92—9.5115.583-74.86-107.55-18.9527.43-43.4115.584-35.2929.17-7.436.8823.4141.3058.8924.613.816.88-46.4841.30二层1-53.71100.63-13.7325.7187.2121.942118.78—30.35—12.7121.943-73.88-107.71-18.7927.45-61.9521.944-29.7829.17-7.536.9433.7657.0258.2524.613.526.94-63.1857.02一层1-44.6499.79-11.4125.5082.7620.422128.12—35.11—13.2820.423-69.72-108.56-17.6117.68-56.1820.424-33.4930.91-8.477.3830.0654.8056.9426.363.087.38-63.1154.80梁内力组合计算表(续)楼层截面竖向荷载组合1竖向荷载与地震力组合1.2①+1.4②1.2(①+0.5②)+1.3③1.2(①+0.5②)-1.3③MVMVMV三层1-86.51157.026.10156.67-156.45116.162182.01—170.44—145.77—3-116.36-90.66-157.64-92.35-44.77-132.864-52.7544.64-16.3792.82-77.24-14.56516.0039.16-47.4787.3573.38-20.03二层1-83.67156.7540.68164.70-186.06107.662185.03—177.27—144.22—3-114.96-90.82-180.27-84.26-19.40-141.304-46.2844.723.63113.29-84.14-34.96514.8339.25-70.12107.8294.15-40.4373 大学本科毕业设计(论文)一层1-69.54155.4547.17161.59-168.00108.502202.90—192.07—157.55—3-108.32-105.52-167.26-93.12-21.20-146.214-52.0547.426.19112.76-84.35-29.72512.6441.96-71.87107.3092.22-35.18梁内力组合计算表(续)楼层截面竖向荷载组合21.35①+1.4×0.7②|V|maxMV三层1-88.89161.326.10-156.45161.322186.96—182.01145.71—3-119.63-118.31-44.77-157.64132.864-54.9246.12-16.37-77.2492.82515.7439.9773.38-47.4787.35二层1-85.96161.0540.68-83.67164.702190.10—190.10144.22—3-118.15-118.51-19.40-180.47141.304-47.5846.183.63-84.14113.29514.5940.0294.15-70.12107.82一层1-71.45159.7147.17-168.00161.592207.37—207.37157.55—3-111.38-129.23-21.20-167.26146.214-53.5148.96-6.19-84.35112.76512.3942.8292.22-71.87107.309.2柱内力组合(1)计算过程见下表,弯矩以顺时针为正,轴力以受压为正表9-2柱内力组合计算表楼层柱截面①恒荷载②活荷载③地震作用(左震)MNMNMN三层A242.29353.4510.8269.97-42.5622.31143.10353.4511.0169.97-40.9022.31B234.52485.298.89107.23-50.3538.01134.93485.299.09107.23-50.3538.01C29.0473.341.911.35-38.3560.3217.6273.342.011.35-31.3860.32二A243.76533.3511.18108.76-50.7044.2573 大学本科毕业设计(论文)层139.89533.3512.19108.76-50.7044.25B235.44723.218.92167.32-51.1573.09128.75723.219.73167.32-61.1573.09C27.87114.572.087.01-43.20117.3418.98114.572.377.01-41.51117.34一层A236.11712.457.25147.34-36.0564.67110.17712.453.90147.34-44.0764.67B222.64976.975.83227.0640.14107.47111.91976.973.06227.0649.06107.47C25.38154.051.4312.23-32.56172.1411.95154.050.7812.23-39.80172.14柱内力组合计算表(续)楼层柱截面1.2①+1.4②1.2(①+0.5②)+1.3③1.2(①+0.5②)-1.3③MNMNMN三层A265.90522.101.91495.13112.57437.12167.13522.105.16495.13111.50437.12B253.87732.47-18.70696.10112.21597.27154.64732.47-18.09696.10112.83597.27C213.5289.90-37.86167.2361.8510.40111.9689.90-30.44167.2351.1410.40二层A268.16792.28-6.69762.80125.13647.75164.93792.28-10.73762.80121.09647.75B255.021102.10-18.621063.26114.38873.23159.111102.10-28.171063.26130.83873.23C212.36147.30-45.47294.2366.85-10.85114.09147.30-41.77294.2366.16-10.85一层A253.481061.220.821027.4294.55859.27123.751061.22-36.661027.4277.92859.27B235.331490.25-21.521448.3182.851168.89118.581490.25-47.651448.3179.911168.89C28.46201.98-35.01415.9849.64-31.5814.61201.98-47.76415.9855.72-31.5873 大学本科毕业设计(论文)柱内力组合计算表(续)楼层柱截面1.35①+1.4×0.7②|M|max,NNmax,MNmin,MMNMNMNMN三层A267.70545.7112.57437.1267.70545.73112.57437.12168.97545.7111.50437.1268.97545.73111.50437.12B255.31760.2112.21597.2755.31760.23112.21597.27156.06760.2112.83597.2456.06760.23112.83597.27C214.08100.361.8510.4-37.86167.2361.8510.4112.26100.351.1410.4-30.44167.2351.1410.4二层A270.03826.6125.13647.7570.03826.61125.13647.75165.80826.6121.09647.7565.80826.61121.09647.75B256.591140114.38873.2356.591140.3114.38873.23160.711140130.83873.2360.711140.3130.83873.23C212.66161.566.85-10.85-45.27294.2366.85-10.85114.45161.566.16-10.8566.16294.23-41.77-10.85一层A255.85110694.55859.2755.851106.294.55859.27124.40110671.06859.2720.641106.277.92859.27B236.28154182.851168.936.281541.482.851168.9119.08154179.911168.919.081541.479.911168.9C28.66219.949.64-31.58-35.01415.9849.64-31.5814.72219.955.72-31.58-47.76415.9855.72-31.58柱内力组合计算表(续)楼层柱截面①+0.5②+③①+0.5×②-③①+②VMNMNMN1-8.3248.9525.1210.919.5927.7425.127.74三层A25.14410.790.26366.153.11423.490.3423.446.1517.71410.789.51366.154.11423.489.5423.4B289.32576.9-11.39500.943.41592.589.3592.545.94189.83576.9-10.88500.944.02592.589.8592.5C2-28.36134.348.3513.7010.9574.6948.474.6922.751-22.76134.340.0113.709.6374.6940.074.69二层A2-1.35632.0100.15543.554.94642.1100642.150.551-4.72632.096.69543.552.08642.196.7642.1B291.05880.0-11.25733.844.36890.591.1880.049.981103.9880.0-18.38733.847.64890.5104880.0C2-34.29235.452.110.739.95121.652.1121.626.621-31.35235.451.680.7311.35121.651.7121.6一A23.69850.875.79721.443.36859.875.8859.828.3373 大学本科毕业设计(论文)层1-26.88850.861.62721.419.14859.861.6859.8B265.701198-14.59983.028.47120465.7120426.43162.501198-35.62983.014.97120462.51204C2-26.47332.338.66-11.986.81166.338.7332.316.871-36.48332.343.12-11.983.71166.343.1332.3上表为荷载标准组合值计算,用于确定基础底面积。(2)根据上表计算所得的弯矩值计算柱剪力设计值,计算见下表计算公式为:()(9-3)表9-3柱剪力计算表楼层柱MctMcbHnV三层A112.57111.503.963.20B112.21112.833.963.47C61.8551.143.931.87二层A125.13121.093.969.45B114.83130.833.969.16C66.8566.163.937.52一层A94.5577.924.8539.12B82.8579.914.8536.91C49.6455.724.8523.90(3)在框架设计中,应体现“强柱弱梁”,梁、柱端弯矩应符合下述公式的要求:三级框架=1.1(9-4)式中:——节点上、下柱端顺时针或逆时针截面组合的弯矩设计值之和;——节点上、下梁端逆时针或顺时针截面组合的弯矩设计值之和。根据以上计算结果,验算强柱弱梁,若不满足,则由调整柱端弯矩设计值(ηc=1.1)计算过程见下表(M’cb和M’c分别为调整后的柱端弯矩设计值)表9-4柱弯矩调整表震型楼层节点McbMct∑McMblMbrηc∑MbM’cbM’ct左顶A—-38.33-38.33—-2.54-2.79——73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)震层B—-17.67-17.67112.47-43.1076.31—76.31C—16.1016.10—-21.52-23.67—-23.67三层A-33.31-1.91-35.22—6.106.71——B-14.7618.703.94157.64-16.37155.468.5486.86C11.6637.8649.52—-47.47-52.22-12.30-39.92二层A-5.166.691.53—40.6844.7519.4925.26B18.0918.6236.71180.273.63202.5199.79102.72C30.4445.4775.91—-70.12-77.1330.93-46.2一层A10.73-0.829.91—47.1751.8956.19-4.30B28.1721.5249.69167.26-6.19177.18100.4576.73C41.7735.0176.78—-71.87-79.06-43.01-36.05右震顶层A—-112.18-112.18—-72.23-79.45——B—-17.67-106.2563.33-69.08-6.33——C—-51.89-51.89—36.5940.25——三层A-93.32-112.6-205.9—-156.5-172.2——B-87.17-112.21-199.3844.77-77.24-35.72——C-31.82-61.85-93.67—73.3880.72——二层A-111.5-125.1-236.6—-186.1-204.7——B-112.8-114.38-227.219.4-84.14-71.21——C-51.14-66.85-118—94.15103.56——一层A-121.1-94.55-215.6—-168-184.8——B-130.8-82.85-213.6521.2-84.35-69.47——C-66.16-49.64-115.8—92.22101.44——9.3内力设计值汇总表9-5柱内力设计值汇总楼层柱截面|M|max,NNmax,MNmin,MVMNMNMN顶层A2112.18217.9489.25264.52112.18217.9457.96193.32217.9474.86264.5293.32217.94B2106.25303.1073.25373.37106.25303.1054.55187.17303.1060.23373.3787.17303.10C251.8911.18-16.160.6451.8911.1823.61131.8211.18-11.6660.6431.8211.18三层A2112.57437.1267.7545.73112.57437.1263.21111.50437.1268.97545.73111.50437.12B2112.21597.2755.31760.23112.21597.2763.471112.83597.2756.06760.23112.83597.27C261.8510.4-37.86167.2361.8510.431.87151.1410.4-30.44167.2351.1410.4二A2125.13647.7570.03826.61125.13647.7569.4573 大学本科毕业设计(论文)层1121.09647.7565.8826.61121.09647.75B2114.38873.2356.591140.3114.38873.2369.161130.83873.2360.171140.3130.83873.23C266.85-10.85-45.27294.2366.85-10.8537.52166.16-10.8566.16294.23-41.77-10.85一层A294.55859.2755.851106.294.55859.2739.12177.92859.2720.641106.277.92859.27B282.851168.936.281541.482.851168.936.91179.911168.919.081541.479.911168.9C249.64-31.58-35.01415.9849.64-31.5823.90155.72-31.58-47.76415.9855.72-31.58表9-6梁内力设计值汇总表楼层梁AB跨BC跨截面12345三层M+6.1182.01——73.38M--156.45—-157.64-77.24-47.47V161.32—132.8692.8287.35二层M+40.68190.1—3.6394.15M--83.67—-180.47-84.14-70.12V164.7—141.3113.29107.82一层M+47.17207.37——92.22M--168—-167.26-84.35-71.87V161.59—146.21112.76107.373 大学本科毕业设计(论文)第10章截面设计10.1梁截面设计10.1.1正截面受弯承载力计算(1)已知条件混凝土强度等级选用C25,fc=11.9N/mm2,ft=1.27N/mm2。纵向受力钢筋选用HRB335(fy=f’y=300N/mm2),箍筋选用HRB235(fy=f’y=210N/mm2)。梁的截面尺寸为300×600,250×500,250×400,200×400四种,则h01=600-35=565mm,h02=500-35=65mm,h03=h04=400-35=365mm(2)构造要求①承载力抗震调整系数=0.75②三级抗震设防要求,框架梁的混凝土受压区高度x≤0.35h0则x1≤0.35h01=0.35×565=197.75mmx2≤0.35h02=0.35×465=162.75mmx3=x4≤0.35h03=0.35×365=127.75mm③梁的纵筋最小配筋率:支座:0.25%×300×565=423.75mm2>(55×1.27/300)%×300×565=394.65mm20.25%×250×465=290.63mm2>(55×1.27/300)%×250×465=270.67mm20.25%×250×365=228.13mm2>(55×1.27/300)%×250×365=212.46mm20.25%×200×365=182.5mm2>(55×1.27/300)%×200×365=169.97mm2所以:As1min=423.75mm2As2min=290.63mm2As3min=228.13mm2As4min=182.5mm2跨中:0.2%×300×565=339mm2>(45×1.27/300)%×300×565=322.9mm20.2%×250×465=232.5mm2>(45×1.27/300)%×250×465=221.46mm20.2%×250×365=182.5mm2>(45×1.27/300)%×250×365=173.83mm20.2%×200×365=146mm2>(45×1.27/300)%×200×365=139.07mm273 大学本科毕业设计(论文)所以:As1min=339mm2As2min=232.5mm2As3min=182.5mm2As4min=146mm2④箍筋的配箍率ρsvmin=0.24×ft/fyv=0.24×1.27/210=0.15%⑤相对界限受压区高度=0.550,截面最大抵抗矩系数=0.399表10-1顶层框架梁正截面强度计算截面12345M(kN∙m)-72.31229.21-112.47-69.0836.59b×(mm2)300×565200×365M-54.23171.91-84.35-51.8127.440.0480.1510.0740.1630.0870.0490.1650.0770.1790.0910.9750.9090.9600.9010.952328.11115.8518.4525.1263.2选钢筋316520316316216实配面积(mm2)6031570603603402配筋率0.36%0.93%0.36%0.83%0.55%表10-2三层框架梁正截面强度计算截面12345M(kN∙m)-156.45182.01-157.64-77.2473.38b×(mm2)300×565200×365M-117.34136.51118.2357.9355.0473 大学本科毕业设计(论文)0.1030.1200.1040.1830.1740.1090.1280.1100.2040.1930.9460.9310.9420.8850.892731.8865.1740.5597.8563.5选钢筋416420416416316实配面积(mm2)8041256804804603配筋率0.47%0.74%0.47%1.10%0.83%表10-3二层框架梁正截面强度计算截面12345M(kN∙m)-83.67190.10-180.47-84.1494.15b×(mm2)300×565200×365M-62.75142.58-135.35-63.1170.610.0550.1250.1190.1190.2230.0570.1340.1270.1270.2570.9720.9330.9360.9360.872380.9901.6853.1615.8739.5选钢筋316420416416416实配面积(mm2)6031256804804804配筋率0.36%0.74%0.47%1.10%1.10%表10-4一层框架梁正截面强度计算截面12345M(kN∙m)-168.00207.37-167.26-84.3592.22b×(mm2)300×565200×365M-126.00155.53-125.45-63.2669.1773 大学本科毕业设计(论文)0.1110.1360.1100.2000.2180.1180.1470.1170.2250.2490.9410.9270.9420.8870.875790.0989.8785.7651.3721.9选钢筋416420416416416实配面积(mm2)8041256804804804配筋率0.47%0.74%0.47%1.10%1.10%10.1.2斜截面受剪承载力计算表10-5顶层梁的斜截面强度计算截面1345V(kN)158.04179.3272.2166.74V134.33152.4261.3856.73b×(mm2)300×565200×3650.2(kN)403.41>V403.41>V173.74>V173.74>V(kN)150.69V269.75>V116.18>V116.18>V0.34%0.34%0.34%0.34%ρsvmin0.15%0.15%0.15%0.15%表中:73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)①——混凝土强度影响系数,因混凝土强度等级为C25V403.41>V173.74>V173.74>V(kN)150.69V269.75>V116.18>V116.18>V0.34%0.34%0.34%0.34%ρsvmin0.15%0.15%0.15%0.15%表10-7二层梁的斜截面强度计算截面1345V(kN)164.70141.30113.29107.82V140.00120.1196.3091.6573 大学本科毕业设计(论文)b×(mm2)300×565200×3650.2(kN)403.41>V403.41>V173.74>V173.74>V(kN)150.69V269.75>V148.31>V148.31>V0.34%0.34%0.50%0.50%ρsvmin0.15%0.15%0.15%0.15%表10-8一层梁的斜截面强度计算截面1345V(kN)161.59146.21112.76107.30V137.35124.2895.8591.21b×(mm2)300×565200×3650.2(kN)403.41>V403.41>V173.74>V173.74>V(kN)150.69V269.75>V148.31>V148.31>V0.34%0.34%0.50%0.50%ρsvmin0.15%0.15%0.15%0.15%73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)AB跨箍筋加密区长度取1.5h=900mm,箍筋配置情况见以上各表,非加密区取双肢箍φ8@200;BC跨由于非加密区长度较小,故全跨可按加密区配置。10.2柱截面设计(1)已知条件混凝土采用C25,fc=11.9N/mm2,ft=1.27N/mm2,纵向受力钢筋选用HRB335(fy=f’y=300N/mm2),箍筋选用HRB235(fy=f’y=210N/mm2)。柱的截面尺寸:400×400。则h0=400-35=365mm。(2)构造要求①抗震调整系数γRE=0.80②三级抗震设防要求,框架柱纵筋最小配筋百分率应满足:0.7%则As1min=0.007×400×365=1022mm2(3)轴压比验算①三级抗震框架柱轴压比限值[μ]=0.9由内力组合表得:A轴柱=1106.2kN==0.58<0.9B轴柱=1541.43kN==0.81<0.9C轴柱=415.98kN==0.22<0.9轴压比均满足要求。(4)正截面承载力的计算计算要点:①,,当ξ<ξb时为大偏心受压柱;当ξ>ξb时为小偏心受压柱;73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)②ea取20mm和h/30两者中的较大值;③当ei/h0≥0.3时,ζ1=1.0;当ei/h0<0.3时,ζ1=0.2+2.7ei/h0且≤1.0;④柱计算长度l0=0.7H;⑤l0/h≤15时,ζ2=1.0;l0/h>15时,ζ2=1.15-0.01l0/h且≤1.0;⑥,取Cm=1.0;⑦ξ≤2αS/h0,;(10-1)ξ>2αS/h0,(10-2)⑧(小偏心受压)(10-3)(10-4)具体计算过程见表10-9A柱配筋计算表、表10-10B柱配筋计算表、表10-11C柱配筋计算表。73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)71浙江理工大学本科毕业设计(论文)表10-9A柱配筋计算表A柱四层三层二层一层组合方式MmaxNmaxNminMmaxNmaxNminMmaxNmaxNminMmaxNmaxNminM(kN·m)112.1889.25112.18112.5768.97112.57125.1370.03125.1394.5555.8594.55γM89.7471.4089.7490.0655.1890.06100.1056.02100.1075.6444.6875.66N(kN)217.94264.52217.94437.12545.73437.12647.75826.61647.75859.271106.2859.27γN174.35211.62174.35349.70436.58349.70518.20661.29518.20687.42884.96687.40ξ0.1000.1220.1000.2010.2510.2010.2980.3810.2980.3960.5090.396大小偏心大大大大大大大大大大大大e0=M/N(mm)514.73337.40514.73257.53126.38257.53193.1884.72193.18110.0450.49110.04ea(mm)202020202020202020202020ei=e0+ea534.73357.40534.73277.53146.38277.53213.18104.72213.18130.0470.49130.04ei/h01.4650.9791.4650.7600.4010.7600.5840.2870.5840.3560.1930.356ξ111111110.975110.7211l02.732.732.732.732.732.732.732.732.733.403.403.40l0/h6.836.836.836.836.836.836.836.836.838.508.508.50ξ2111111111111η1.0231.0341.0231.0441.0831.0441.0571.1131.0571.1451.1931.1452as/h00.1920.1920.1920.1920.1920.1920.1920.1920.1920.1920.1920.192e(mm)711.87534.55711.87454.67323.53454.67390.32281.56390.32313.87249.08313.87As1253.71142.61253.7446.519.3446.5417.5-93.4417.5146.4-205.3146.4实配钢筋422422422422实际面积1520152015201520配筋率2.08%2.08%2.08%2.08%73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)某中学综合楼建筑结构方案设计表10-10B柱配筋计算表B柱四层三层二层一层组合方式MmaxNmaxNminMmaxNmaxNminMmaxNmaxNminMmaxNmaxNminM(kN·m)106.2573.25106.25112.2156.06112.21130.8360.71130.8382.8536.2882.85γM85.0058.6085.0089.7744.8589.77104.6648.57104.6666.2829.0266.28N(kN)303.10373.37303.10597.27760.23597.27873.231140.3873.231168.91541.41168.9γN242.48298.70242.48477.82608.18477.82698.58912.24698.58935.121233.12935.12ξ0.1400.1720.1400.2750.3500.2750.4020.5250.4020.5380.7100.538大小偏心大大大大大大大大大大小大e0=M/N(mm)350.54196.19350.54187.8773.74187.87149.8253.2453.2470.8823.5470.88ea(mm)20202020202020202020202072ei=e0+ea370.54216.19370.54207.8793.74207.87169.8273.2473.2490.8843.5490.88ei/h01.0150.5921.0150.5700.2570.5700.4650.2010.4650.2490.1190.249ξ111110.893110.74210.8750.5220.875l02.732.732.732.732.732.732.732.732.733.403.403.40l0/h6.836.836.836.836.836.836.836.836.838.508.508.50ξ2111111111111η1.0331.0561.0331.0581.1161.0581.0721.1231.0721.1811.2261.1812as/h00.1920.1920.1920.1920.1920.1920.1920.1920.1920.1920.1920.192e(mm)547.69393.33547.69385.02269.59385.02346.97247.25346.97272.31218.38272.31As1341.41186.71341.4338.8-193.7338.8390.6-202.1390.652.3-213.052.3实配钢筋422422422422实际面积1520152015201520配筋率2.08%2.08%2.08%2.08%73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)浙江理工大学本科毕业设计(论文)表10-11C柱配筋计算表C柱四层三层二层一层组合方式MmaxNmaxNminMmaxNmaxNminMmaxNmaxNminMmaxNmaxNminM(kN·m)51.8916.1051.8961.8537.8661.8566.8566.1666.8554.3949.0954.39γM41.5112.8841.5149.4830.2949.4853.4852.9353.4843.5139.2743.51N(kN)11.1860.6411.1810.40167.2310.4010.85294.2310.8531.53415.9831.53γN8.9448.518.948.32133.788.328.68235.388.6825.22332.7825.22ξ0.0050.0280.0050.0050.0770.0050.0050.1350.0050.0150.1920.015大小偏心大大大大大大大大大大大大e0=M/N(mm)4641.32265.504641.325947.12226.395947.126161.29224.866161.291725.02118.011725.02ea(mm)20202020202020202020202073ei=e0+ea4661.32285.504661.325967.12246.395967.126181.29244.866181.291745.02138.011745.02ei/h012.770.78212.7716.350.67516.3516.940.67116.944.780.3784.78ξ1111111111111l02.732.732.732.732.732.732.732.732.733.403.403.40l0/h6.836.836.836.836.836.836.836.836.838.508.508.50ξ2111111111111η1.0031.0431.0031.0021.0491.0021.0021.0501.0021.0111.1361.0112as/h00.1920.1920.1920.1920.1920.1920.1920.1920.1920.1920.1920.192e(mm)4838.47462.654838.476144.26423.546144.266358.43422.006358.431928.86321.851928.86As437.1226.7437.1485.898.1485.8525.6194.3525.6399.1-27.6399.1实配钢筋220220220220实际面积628628628628配筋率0.86%0.86%0.86%0.86%73 大学本科毕业设计(论文)(5)柱斜截面承载力计算计算要点:①框架柱斜截面计算时的抗震调整系数为γRE=0.85;②当λ<1时,取λ=1;当λ>3时,取λ=3;③时截面满足要求;④当N≤0.3fcA时取实际值计算;当N>0.3fcbh时取0.3fcbh计算;⑤时按构造配箍,否则按计算配箍;⑥箍筋加密区长度底层柱根部取2000mm,其他端部取为1000mm;⑦体积配箍率,是柱最小配箍特征值,由《高层建筑结构设计》表4.12查得,当柱混凝土等级低于C35时,应按C35计算,所以:A柱=0.10×16.7/210=0.0080=0.80%B柱=0.15×16.7/210=0.0119=1.19%C柱=0.06×16.7/210=0.0047=0.47%表10-12A柱斜截面强度计算A柱顶层三层二层一层Hn(m)3.93.93.94.85λ=Hn/(2h0)5.345.345.346.64V(kN)57.9663.2069.4537.56(kN)49.2753.7259.0331.930.2(kN)347.48347.48347.48347.48截面是否满足要求满足满足满足满足(kN)48.6748.6748.6748.670.3fcbh(kN)57.1257.1257.1257.12N(kN)264.52545.73826.611106.20.056N(kN)14.8130.5646.2961.9599 大学本科毕业设计(论文)+0.056N(kN)63.4879.2394.96110.62实际配箍筋加密区2肢φ8@150(1.44%)非加密区2肢φ8@200(1.19%)表中:括号内的数字为实际体积配箍率表10-13B柱斜截面强度计算B柱顶层三层二层一层Hn(m)3.93.93.94.85λ=Hn/(2h0)5.345.345.346.64V(kN)54.5563.4766.0638.19V(kN)46.3753.9556.1532.460.2(kN)347.48347.48347.48347.48截面是否满足要求满足满足满足满足(kN)48.6748.6748.6748.670.3fcbh(kN)57.1257.1257.1257.12N(kN)373.37760.231140.31541.40.056N(kN)20.9142.5763.8686.32+0.056N(kN)69.5891.24112.53134.99实际配箍筋加密区2肢φ8@150(1.44%)非加密区2肢φ8@200(1.19%)表10-14C柱斜截面强度计算C柱顶层三层二层一层Hn(m)3.93.93.94.85λ=Hn/(2h0)5.345.345.346.64V(kN)23.6131.8737.5223.59V(kN)20.0727.0931.8920.0599 大学本科毕业设计(论文)0.2(kN)347.48347.48347.48347.48截面是否满足要求满足满足满足满足(kN)48.6748.6748.6748.670.3fcbh(kN)57.1257.1257.1257.12N(kN)60.64167.23294.23415.980.056N(kN)3.409.3616.4823.29+0.056N(kN)52.0758.0365.1571.96实际配箍筋加密区2肢φ8@150(1.44%)非加密区2肢φ8@200(1.19%)99 大学本科毕业设计(论文)第11章楼梯设计楼梯间开间为3.2m,进深为6.0m。采用板式楼梯,为等跑楼梯,踏步高0.15m踏步宽0.3m,共26级踏步,其踏步的水平投影长度为11×0.3=3.3m,楼梯的踢面和踏面均做水磨石层,底面为水泥砂浆粉刷。混凝土强度等级C25。板采用HPB235钢筋,梁纵筋采用HRB335钢筋。图11-1楼梯平面图11.1梯段板TB1设计板倾斜角tanα=150/300=0.5,cosα=0.894。板斜长为3.3/0.894=4.03m,板厚约为板斜长的1/30,h=120mm。取1m宽板带计算。(1)荷载计算梯段板的荷载计算列于表11-1。恒荷载分项系数γG=1.2,活荷载分项系数为γQ=1.4,总荷载设计值p=1.2×7.75+1.4×2.5=12.8kN/m。99 大学本科毕业设计(论文)11-1梯段板荷载计算表荷载种类荷载标准值(kN/m)恒荷载水磨石面层(0.3+0.15)×0.65/0.3=0.98水泥砂浆找平(0.3+0.15)×0.02×20/0.3=0.6三角形踏步0.5×0.3×0.15×25/0.3=1.88混凝土斜板0.14×25/0.894=3.91板底抹灰0.02×17/0.894=0.38小计7.75活荷载2.5(2)截面设计板水平计算跨度ln=3.6m,弯矩设计值。板的有效高度h0=140-20=120mm。则=0.949,选配φ10@110,实际As=714.0mm2分布筋为φ8@300。11.2平台板PTB1设计设平台板厚100mm,取1m宽带板计算。(1)荷载计算平台板的荷载计算见表11-2。荷载设计值p=1.2×3.89+1.4×2.5=8.17kN/m99 大学本科毕业设计(论文)表11-2平台板荷载计算表荷载种类荷载标准值(kN/m)恒荷载水磨石面层0.65水泥砂浆找平0.02×20=0.4混凝土板0.1×25=2.5板底抹灰0.02×17=0.34小计3.89活荷载2.5(2)截面设计平台板的计算跨度l0=3.4-0.4/2=3.2m弯矩设计值板的有效高度h0=100-20=80mm则=0.942,选配φ10@120,实际As=654.0mm211.3平台梁TL1设计(1)荷载计算平台梁的荷载计算见表11-3。图11-2楼梯平台梁计算简图(单位:kN/m)99 大学本科毕业设计(论文)表11-3平台梁荷载计算表荷载类型荷载标准值(kN/m)恒荷载梁自重0.2×0.5×25=2.5梁侧粉刷0.02×(0.5-0.1)×2×17=0.27梯段板传来7.75×4.8/2=18.6小计21.37平台板传来3.89×4.8=18.67活荷载2.5×4.8=12设平台梁截面尺寸为200mm×500mm。把梯形荷载化作等效均布荷载:=21.37+(1-2×+)×18.67=34.53kN/m总荷载设计值1.2×34.53+1.4×12=58.24kN/m(2)截面设计计算跨度l0=1.05ln=1.05×(4.8-0.4)=4.62m弯矩设计值剪力设计值梁的有效高度h0=h0-as=500-35=565mm则=0.815,选配422,实际As=1520mm2配置φ8@200箍筋,则斜截面受剪承载力为:满足要求。99 大学本科毕业设计(论文)11.4梯段板TB2设计板倾斜角tanα=150/300=0.5,cosα=0.894。板斜长为3.6/0.894=4.03m,板厚约为板斜长的1/30,h=140mm。取1m宽板带计算。(1)荷载计算梯段板的荷载计算列于表11-4。恒荷载分项系数γG=1.2,活荷载分项系数为γQ=1.4。总荷载设计值p=1.2×7.75+1.4×2.5=12.8kN/m。表11-4梯段板荷载计算表荷载种类荷载标准值(kN/m)恒荷载水磨石面层(0.3+0.15)×0.65/0.3=0.98水泥砂浆找平(0.3+0.15)×0.02×20/0.3=0.6三角形踏步0.5×0.3×0.15×25/0.3=1.88混凝土斜板0.14×25/0.894=3.91板底抹灰0.02×17/0.894=0.38小计7.75活荷载2.5(2)截面设计板水平计算跨度ln=3.6m,弯矩设计值。板的有效高度h0=140-20=120mm。则=0.949,选配φ10@110,实际As=714.0mm2分布筋为φ8@300。99 大学本科毕业设计(论文)第12章基础设计12.1工程地质情况岩土工程勘察报告指出,场地分层情况从上至下依次为杂填土、粉质粘土、粘土和灰岩,无不良地质现象和软弱下卧层,地下水埋深较大可不考虑,建议采用粉质粘土作为浅基础持力层(见图)。粉质粘土层中,、。图12-1土层分布图12.2基础选型做柱下单独扩展独立基础。室外地坪标高为-0.45m,基础顶面标高为-0.95m,基础底面标高为-1.95m,混凝土基础选用C25,垫层选用C10,钢筋采用II级钢筋,垫层厚100mm,每边伸出基础边缘100mm,基础钢筋保护层45mm,柱截面尺寸400mm×400mm。基础梁截面尺寸及配筋见结施—13《基础详图》。12.3确定基顶荷载由第9章荷载标准组合计算表得:A柱:=859.80kN=61.62kN∙m=28.33kNB柱:=1204.03kN=62.50kN∙m=26.43kNC柱:=332.31kN=43.12kN∙m=16.87kN99 大学本科毕业设计(论文)12.4确定基础底面积(12-1)式中:——基础材料及其上部覆土的平均重度,一般取20kN/m3;FK——上部结构荷载传至基础顶面的标准值。假设基础宽度小于3m,则修正后的地基承载力特征值:(12-2)=196+0+1.6×16×(1.5-0.5)=221.6kPa式中:——基底持力层图的天然重度,地下水位一下取有效重度;——基础底面以上土的加权平均重度,地下水位一下取有效重度。(1)A柱基础:A=(1.1~1.4)×859.80/(221.6-20×1.5)=4.94~6.28m2因为对于独立基础,常取b/l≈1.5,所以取b=3.0m,l=2.0m(A=6.0m2)(2)B柱基础:A=(1.1~1.4)×1204.03/(221.6-20×1.5)=6.91~8.79m2取b=3.6m,l=2.4m(A=8.64m2)B基础宽度超过3m,重新修正地基承载力特征值:=196+0.3×18×(3.6-3)+1.6×16×(1.5-0.5)=224.84kPa(3)C柱基础:A=(1.1~1.4)×332.31/(221.6-20×1.5)=1.91~2.43m2取b=2.0m,l=1.4m(A=2.80m2)12.5地基承载力验算由第9章柱内力组合表得:A柱:N=1106.20kNM=77.92kN∙mH=39.16kNB柱:N=1541.40kNM=79.91kN∙mH=36.91kNC柱:N=415.98kNM=55.72kN∙mH=23.90kN99 大学本科毕业设计(论文)(1)A柱基础=20×3.0×2.0×1.0=120.0kN=77.92+39.16×1=117.08kN∙m=2.0×3.0×3.0/6=3.0m3=208.37+117.08/3.0=247.40kPa=208.37-117.08/3.0=169.34kPa因=208.37kPa<=221.6kPa,且=265.92kPa所以地基承载力满足要求。(2)B柱基础=20×3.6×2.4×1.0=172.8kN=79.91+36.91×1=116.82kN∙m=2.4×3.6×3.6/6=5.184m3=202.40+116.82/5.184=224.93kPa=202.40-116.82/5.184=179.87kPa因=202.40kPa<=224.84kPa,且=269.81kPa所以地基承载力满足要求。(3)C柱基础=20×2.0×1.4×1.0=56kN=55.72+23.90×1=79.62kN∙m=1.4×2.0×2.0/6=0.933m3=172.56+79.62/0.933=257.90kPa99 大学本科毕业设计(论文)=172.56-79.62/0.933=87.22kPa因=172.56kPa<=221.6kPa,且=265.92kPa所以地基承载力满足要求。12.6基础受冲切承载力验算计算要点:当时,(12-3)式中:——冲切验算时取用的部分基底面积;——冲切破坏锥体最不利一侧斜截面的上边长,这里去柱宽;——冲切破坏锥体的有效高度。(12-4)式中:——冲切破坏锥体最不利一侧计算长度。当时,(12-5)(12-6)(1)A柱基础图12-2A柱基础平面和立面图=184.37+39.03=223.40kPa=184.37-39.03=145.34kPa99 大学本科毕业设计(论文)对柱边的受冲切承载力验算:=900-45=855mm因=0.4+2×0.855=2.11m所以=[(b/2-h/2)-]l=[(3.0/2-0.9/2)-0.855]×2.0=0.39m2=(0.4+2.0)/2=1.2m=223.4×0.39=87.13kN=0.7×0.98×1.27×1200×855=893.87kN>所以柱边的受冲切承载力满足.(2)B柱基础图12-3B柱基础平面和立面图=178.40+22.53=200.93kPa=178.40-22.53=155.87kPa对柱边的受冲切承载力验算:因=0.4+2×0.855=2.11m,所以=(3.6/2-0.9/2-0.855)×2.4-(2.4/2-0.4/2-0.855)2=1.188-0.021=1.167m2=0.4+0.855=1.255m=200.93×1.167=234.49kN=0.7×0.98×1.27×1255×855=934.84kN>所以柱边的受冲切承载力满足.99 大学本科毕业设计(论文)(3)C柱基础=148.56+85.34=233.90kPa=148.56-85.34=63.22kPa图12-3C柱基础平面和立面图对柱边的受冲切承载力验算:因=0.4+2×0.855=2.11m,所以=1.4×0.365-0.365×0.365=0.378m2=(0.4+1.4)/2=0.9m=233.90×0.378=88.41kN=0.7×0.98×1.27×900×855=670.40kN>所以柱边的受冲切承载力满足.12.7基础底板配筋计算(1)A柱基础沿基础长边方向:对柱边截面I-I处:按三角形比例关系可计算出=206.48kPa(12-7)99 大学本科毕业设计(论文)=[223.40+206.48]×(3.0-0.4)2×(2×0.4+2.0)=169.52kN∙m式中:、——分别为柱的长、宽;——柱边截面I-I处对应的地基承载力。mm2所以基础长边方向按配筋,除去基础两侧钢筋净保护层50mm,配15,间距取200mm.沿基础短边方向:(12-8)=(223.40+145.34)×(2.0-0.4)2×(2×3.0+0.4)=125.86kN∙mmm2所以基础短边方向按配筋,除去基础两侧钢筋净保护层50mm,配10,间距取200mm.(2)B柱基础沿基础长边方向:对柱边截面I-I处:按三角形比例关系可计算出=190.93kPa=[200.93+190.93]×(3.6-0.4)2×(2×0.4+2.4)=267.51kN∙mmm299 大学本科毕业设计(论文)所以基础长边方向按配筋,除去基础两侧钢筋净保护层50mm,配18,间距取200mm.=(200.93+155.87)×(2.4-0.4)2×(2×3.6+0.4)=225.97kN∙mmm2所以基础短边方向按配筋,除去基础两侧钢筋净保护层50mm,配16,间距取150mm.(1)C柱基础沿基础长边方向:按三角形比例关系可计算出=199.75kPa=[233.90+199.75]×(2.0-0.4)2×(2×0.4+1.4)=50.88kN∙mmm2所以基础长边方向按配筋,除去基础两侧钢筋净保护层50mm,配10,间距取200mm.=(233.90+63.22)×(1.4-0.4)2×(2×2.0+0.4)=27.24kN∙mmm2所以基础短边方向按配筋,除去基础两侧钢筋净保护层50mm,配799 大学本科毕业设计(论文),间距取200mm.第13章屋盖、楼盖设计13.1屋盖设计(1)设计资料①屋面做法:SBS防水层,30mm厚细石混凝土找平层,60--100厚(2%找坡)膨胀珍珠岩保温层,125mm厚加气混凝土保温层,150mm厚钢筋混凝土楼板,板底吊顶。②屋面荷载:均布活荷载标准值2kN/m2(上人屋面),屋面恒荷载6.705kN/m2。③材料:混凝土强度等级为C15,=7.2N/mm2,=0.91N/mm2,板筋为HPB235钢筋,=210N/mm2。图13-1屋盖平面布置图(2)说明:由于手算这榀框架所对应的屋盖是由单向板和双向板组成的,为准确起见,这里采用PKPM计算,仅说明计算原理和参数设置。①计算原理:PKPM计算都是以房间、考虑四边支撑按静力计算手册查表独立计算99 大学本科毕业设计(论文),这里按弹性分析法,所得弯矩可以折减。中间跨跨中与支座可折减20%,边跨跨中及自楼板边缘算起的第二支座,当Lb/L小于1.5时折减20%,当Lb/L在1.5~2.0之间折减10%。(L为垂直楼板边缘方向的长度,Lb为沿楼板边缘方向的长度),角区格不应折减。②参数设置:图13-2参数设置图(3)说明:详细的屋盖板配筋图见结构施工图13.2手算校核(1)说明:取屋盖的一块c板进行计算(见图13-1带阴影块),按单块板进行计算。(2)板的设计(弹性理论)荷载设计值:g=1.2×6.705=8.05kN/m2,q=1.4×2.0=2.8kN/m2q/2=1.4kN/m2,g+q/2=9.45kN/m2,g+q=10.85kN/m2①弯矩计算本设计计算时混凝土的波桑比取0.2;支座最大负弯矩为当内支座固定时在g+q作用下的支座弯矩;双向板四边按固定端考虑。99 大学本科毕业设计(论文)c区格/=4.8/7.2=0.67,查《混凝土结构》附表8-4得:=(0.0335+0.2×0.0103)(g+q/2)+(0.0723+0.2×0.0281)q/2=7.74+2.54=10.28kN∙m=(0.0103+0.2×0.0335)(g+q/2)+(0.0281+0.2×0.0723)q/2=3.70+1.38=5.08kN∙m==-0.0754(g+q)=-18.85kN∙m==-0.0570(g+q)=-14.25kN∙m②截面设计截面有效高度:假定选用φ8钢筋,则l01方向跨中截面的h01=130mm;l02方向跨中截面的h02=120mm;支座截面h0=130mm。最小配筋率:因为,故取ρsmin=0.2%,则Asmin=0.2%×1000×150=300mm2为了便于计算,近似取γ=0.95,跨中:c区格方向:==317.1mm2配筋:φ8@150,=335.0mm2c区格方向:==169.8mm2