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陕西市政道路工程道路路基施工作业指导书(路基土方开挖)

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'陕西省西咸新区空港新城新城九路等市政道路工程道路路基施工作业指导书编制:复核:审核:受控状态:中铁四局集团有限公司空港新城新城九路等市政道路工程项目经理部二〇一四年四月choosewaterfountains,water-savingproductsshouldbepurchased.Ascomparedtoopenv-Groovetypewatersupplysystem,sealednipplewatersystemcansavewater81.35%savingbeddingconsumption56.3%;sanitationanddrinkingwater,andavarietyofharmfulgasesconcentrationsdecline,increasedlayingrate13.79%,economicefficiencyimproved.ChickenCoopconstructionshouldpayattentiontoseveralproblems,chickendistributionnotes:arationalstructureofthehen-houselayout,canprovideagoodenvironmentforchicken,makingitsfullproductivepotential,sootherthaninunderstandingthephysiologicalcharacteristicsofthechickenitself,andmustbeproperlyplannedandconstructedsheds.1.sitestochooseawayfrompopulatedareas,trafficconvenient,awayfromtheroad2.Gaozaoterrain,alotofsunshine.Wintersunaspossible,summerwind,andnotaftertherainwater.Larger,leavingroomfordevelopment3.Abundantwaterresourcespollution-free,easytoaccess,sufficientpowerisguaranteed4.Buildingstructure,theeconomy,savingmoney,andsavingenergy,itisfacinginaccordancewithlocalenvironmentalandphysiologicalcondition,lightingisgood,easytoventilation,easytooperate,soconducivetocoolinginthesummer,toinsulationinwintercold5.Layoutofpremisesshouldbereasonable,dodistinguishbetweenproductionandnon-productionareasandnon-productionareasandwatersourcesareonachickenfarminthewind,netroadanddirtroadseparatinguncrossed,dungfarmislocatedinthe 一、市政道路路基施工作业指导书1、作业制度施工作业执行文件:施工项目部下发的有效设计图纸、技术交底文件、《市政道路路基施工作业指导书》及《城镇道路工程施工与质量验收规范》(CJJ1-2008)。施工作业执行的强制性规范:《安全生产法》、《建设工程安全生产管理条例》、城镇道路工程施工与质量验收规范》(CJJ1-2008)。2、适用范围城市道路路基施工3、工艺流程路基放样地表清理土方挖运边坡修理路槽平整压实排水排水系统标准试验压实度检验复测路基土方开挖工艺框图4、施工要求4.1施工准备(1)施工前,应对道路中线控制桩、边线桩及高程控制桩等进行复核,确认无误后方可施工。(2)当施工中破坏地面原有排水系统时,应采取有效处理措施。(3)施工前,应根据现场与周边环境条件、交通状况与道路交通管理部门,研究制定交通疏导或导行方案,并实施完毕。施工中影响或阻断既有人行交通时,应在施工前采取措施,保障人行交通畅通、安全。choosewaterfountains,water-savingproductsshouldbepurchased.Ascomparedtoopenv-Groovetypewatersupplysystem,sealednipplewatersystemcansavewater81.35%savingbeddingconsumption56.3%;sanitationanddrinkingwater,andavarietyofharmfulgasesconcentrationsdecline,increasedlayingrate13.79%,economicefficiencyimproved.ChickenCoopconstructionshouldpayattentiontoseveralproblems,chickendistributionnotes:arationalstructureofthehen-houselayout,canprovideagoodenvironmentforchicken,makingitsfullproductivepotential,sootherthaninunderstandingthephysiologicalcharacteristicsofthechickenitself,andmustbeproperlyplannedandconstructedsheds.1.sitestochooseawayfrompopulatedareas,trafficconvenient,awayfromtheroad2.Gaozaoterrain,alotofsunshine.Wintersunaspossible,summerwind,andnotaftertherainwater.Larger,leavingroomfordevelopment3.Abundantwaterresourcespollution-free,easytoaccess,sufficientpowerisguaranteed4.Buildingstructure,theeconomy,savingmoney,andsavingenergy,itisfacinginaccordancewithlocalenvironmentalandphysiologicalcondition,lightingisgood,easytoventilation,easytooperate,soconducivetocoolinginthesummer,toinsulationinwintercold5.Layoutofpremisesshouldbereasonable,dodistinguishbetweenproductionandnon-productionareasandnon-productionareasandwatersourcesareonachickenfarminthewind,netroadanddirtroadseparatinguncrossed,dungfarmislocatedinthe (4)施工前,应根据工程地质勘察报告,对路基土进行天然含水量、液限、塑限、标准击实、CBR试验,必要时应做颗粒分析、有机质含量、易溶盐含量、冻膨胀和膨胀量等试验。施工准备测量放线清理掘除不适用材料(1)铺设填料(2)压实(3)检测循环(1)、(2)、(3)工序道路槽底面拣底修整监理工程师认可,进入下一道工序晾干或洒水翻松挖台阶或耕植土压实现场填料压实试验压路机规格型号及实遍数填料认可重锤击实实验选定参数填料类别 路槽以下深度 压实度(1)路堤 0-80cm≥93%80-150cm ≥90%>150cm≥90%(2)零填或路堑0-30cm≥93%路基填筑工艺框图(5)施工前,应根据工程规模、环境条件,修筑临时施工道路。临时施工道路应满足施工机械调运和行车安全要求,且不得妨碍施工。(6)城镇道路施工范围内的新建地下管线、人行地道等地下构筑物宜先行施工。对埋深较浅的既有地下管线,作业中可能受损时,应向建设单位、设计单位提出加固或挪移措施方案,并办理手续后实施。(7)施工前,应根据工程地质、水文、气象资料、施工工期和现场环境编制排水与降水方案。在施工期间排水设施应及时维修、清理,保证排水通畅。(8)施工排水与降水应保证路基土壤天然结构不受扰动,保证附近建筑和构筑物的安全。choosewaterfountains,water-savingproductsshouldbepurchased.Ascomparedtoopenv-Groovetypewatersupplysystem,sealednipplewatersystemcansavewater81.35%savingbeddingconsumption56.3%;sanitationanddrinkingwater,andavarietyofharmfulgasesconcentrationsdecline,increasedlayingrate13.79%,economicefficiencyimproved.ChickenCoopconstructionshouldpayattentiontoseveralproblems,chickendistributionnotes:arationalstructureofthehen-houselayout,canprovideagoodenvironmentforchicken,makingitsfullproductivepotential,sootherthaninunderstandingthephysiologicalcharacteristicsofthechickenitself,andmustbeproperlyplannedandconstructedsheds.1.sitestochooseawayfrompopulatedareas,trafficconvenient,awayfromtheroad2.Gaozaoterrain,alotofsunshine.Wintersunaspossible,summerwind,andnotaftertherainwater.Larger,leavingroomfordevelopment3.Abundantwaterresourcespollution-free,easytoaccess,sufficientpowerisguaranteed4.Buildingstructure,theeconomy,savingmoney,andsavingenergy,itisfacinginaccordancewithlocalenvironmentalandphysiologicalcondition,lightingisgood,easytoventilation,easytooperate,soconducivetocoolinginthesummer,toinsulationinwintercold5.Layoutofpremisesshouldbereasonable,dodistinguishbetweenproductionandnon-productionareasandnon-productionareasandwatersourcesareonachickenfarminthewind,netroadanddirtroadseparatinguncrossed,dungfarmislocatedinthe (9)施工排水与降水设施,不得破坏原有地面排水系统,且宜与现况地面排水系统及道路工程永久排水系统相结合。(10)当采用明沟排水时,排水沟的断面及纵坡应根据地形土质和排水量确定。当需用排水泵时,应根据施工条件、渗水量、扬程与吸程要求选择。施工排出水,应上向离路基较远的地点。(11)在细砂、粉砂土中降水时,应采取防止流砂的措施。(12)在路堑坡顶部外侧设排水沟时,其横断面和纵向坡度,应经水力计算确定,且底宽与沟深不宜小于50㎝。排水沟离路堑顶部边缘应有足够的防渗安全距离或采取防渗措施,并在路堑坡顶部筑成倾向排水沟2%的横坡。排水沟应采取防冲刷措施。4.2土方路基施工工艺(1)路基施工前,应将现状地面上的积水排除、疏干,将树根坑、井穴、坟坑等进行技术处理,并将地面整平。(2)路基范围内遇有软土地层或土质不良、边坡易被雨水冲刷的地段,当设计未做处理规定时,应办理变更设计,并据以制定专项施工方案。(3)人机配合土方作业,必须设专人指挥。机械作业时,配合作业人员严禁处在机械作业和走行范围内。配合人员在机械走行范围内作业时,机械必须停止作业。(4)路基填、挖接近完成时,应恢复道路中线、路基边线,进行整形,并碾压成活。压实度应符合有关规定。(5)当遇有翻浆时,必须采取处理措施。当采用石灰土处理翻浆时,土壤宜就地取材。(6)使用房渣土、粉砂土等作为填料时,应经试验确定。施工中应符合有关规定。(7)路堑、边坡开挖方法应根据地势、环境状况、路堑尺寸及土壤种类确定。(8)路堑边坡的坡度应符合设计规定,如地质情况与原设计不符或地层中夹有易塌方土壤时,应及时办理设计变更。(9)土方开挖应根据地面坡度、开挖断面、纵向长度及出土方向等因素结合土方调配,选用安全、经济的开挖方案。(10)挖方施工应符合下列规定:1)挖土时应自上向下分层开挖,严禁掏洞开挖。作业中断或作业后,开挖面应做成稳定边坡。2)机械开挖作业时,必须避开构筑物、管线,在距管道边1m范围内应采用人工开挖;在距直埋缆线2m范围内必须采用人工开挖。3)严禁挖掘机等机械在电力架空线路上作业。需在其一侧作业时,垂直及水平安全距离应符合表3.1的规定。choosewaterfountains,water-savingproductsshouldbepurchased.Ascomparedtoopenv-Groovetypewatersupplysystem,sealednipplewatersystemcansavewater81.35%savingbeddingconsumption56.3%;sanitationanddrinkingwater,andavarietyofharmfulgasesconcentrationsdecline,increasedlayingrate13.79%,economicefficiencyimproved.ChickenCoopconstructionshouldpayattentiontoseveralproblems,chickendistributionnotes:arationalstructureofthehen-houselayout,canprovideagoodenvironmentforchicken,makingitsfullproductivepotential,sootherthaninunderstandingthephysiologicalcharacteristicsofthechickenitself,andmustbeproperlyplannedandconstructedsheds.1.sitestochooseawayfrompopulatedareas,trafficconvenient,awayfromtheroad2.Gaozaoterrain,alotofsunshine.Wintersunaspossible,summerwind,andnotaftertherainwater.Larger,leavingroomfordevelopment3.Abundantwaterresourcespollution-free,easytoaccess,sufficientpowerisguaranteed4.Buildingstructure,theeconomy,savingmoney,andsavingenergy,itisfacinginaccordancewithlocalenvironmentalandphysiologicalcondition,lightingisgood,easytoventilation,easytooperate,soconducivetocoolinginthesummer,toinsulationinwintercold5.Layoutofpremisesshouldbereasonable,dodistinguishbetweenproductionandnon-productionareasandnon-productionareasandwatersourcesareonachickenfarminthewind,netroadanddirtroadseparatinguncrossed,dungfarmislocatedinthe 表3.1挖掘机、起重机(含吊物、载物)等机械与电力架空线路的最小安全距离电压(kV)<11035110220330500安全距离(m)沿垂直方向1.53.04.05.06.07.08.5沿水平方向1.52.03.54.06.07.08.5(11)弃土、暂存土均不得妨碍各类地下管线等构筑物的正常使用与维护,且应避开建筑物、围墙、架空线等。严禁占压、损坏、掩埋各种检查井、消火栓等设施。(12)填方施工应符合下列规定:1)填方前应将地面积水、积雪(冰)和冻土层、生活垃圾等清除干净。2)填方材料的强度(CBR)值应符合设计要求,其最小强度值应符合表3.2规定。不应使用淤泥、沼泽土、泥炭土、冻土、有机土以及含生活垃圾的土做路基填料。对液限大于50%、塑性指数大于26、可溶盐含量大于5%、700℃有机质烧失量大于8%的土,未经技术处理不得用作路基填料。表3.2路基填料强度(CBR)的最小值填方类型路床顶面以下深度(㎝)最小强度(%)城市快速路、主干路其他等级道路路床0~308.06.0路基30~805.04.0路基80~1504.03.0路基>1503.02.03)填方中使用房渣土、工业废渣等需经过试验,确认可靠并经建设单位、设计单位同意后方可使用。4)路基填方高度应按设计标高增加预沉量值。预沉量应根据工程性质、填方高度、填料种类、压实系数和地基情况与建设单位、监理工程师、设计单位共同商定确认。5)不同性质的土应分类、分层填筑,不得混填,填土中大于10㎝的土块应打碎或剔除。choosewaterfountains,water-savingproductsshouldbepurchased.Ascomparedtoopenv-Groovetypewatersupplysystem,sealednipplewatersystemcansavewater81.35%savingbeddingconsumption56.3%;sanitationanddrinkingwater,andavarietyofharmfulgasesconcentrationsdecline,increasedlayingrate13.79%,economicefficiencyimproved.ChickenCoopconstructionshouldpayattentiontoseveralproblems,chickendistributionnotes:arationalstructureofthehen-houselayout,canprovideagoodenvironmentforchicken,makingitsfullproductivepotential,sootherthaninunderstandingthephysiologicalcharacteristicsofthechickenitself,andmustbeproperlyplannedandconstructedsheds.1.sitestochooseawayfrompopulatedareas,trafficconvenient,awayfromtheroad2.Gaozaoterrain,alotofsunshine.Wintersunaspossible,summerwind,andnotaftertherainwater.Larger,leavingroomfordevelopment3.Abundantwaterresourcespollution-free,easytoaccess,sufficientpowerisguaranteed4.Buildingstructure,theeconomy,savingmoney,andsavingenergy,itisfacinginaccordancewithlocalenvironmentalandphysiologicalcondition,lightingisgood,easytoventilation,easytooperate,soconducivetocoolinginthesummer,toinsulationinwintercold5.Layoutofpremisesshouldbereasonable,dodistinguishbetweenproductionandnon-productionareasandnon-productionareasandwatersourcesareonachickenfarminthewind,netroadanddirtroadseparatinguncrossed,dungfarmislocatedinthe 6)填土应分层进行。下层填土验收合格后,方可进行上层填筑。路基填土宽度每侧应比设计规定宽50㎝。7)路基填筑中宜做成双向横坡,一般土质填筑横坡宜为2%~3%,透水性小的土类填筑横坡宜为4%。8)透水性较大的土壤边坡不宜被透水性较小的土壤所覆盖。9)受潮湿及冻融影响较小的土壤应填在路基的上部。10)在路基宽度内,每层虚铺厚度应视压实机具的功能确定。人式夯实虚铺厚度应小于20㎝。11)路基填土中断时,应对已填路基表面土层压实并进行维护。12)原地面横向坡度在1:10~1:5时,应先翻松表土再进行填土;原地面横向坡度陡于1:5时应做成台阶形,每级台阶宽度不得小于1m台阶顶面应向内倾斜;在沙土地段可不作台阶,但应翻松表层土。13)压实应符合下列要求:①路基压实度应符合表3.3的规定。表3.3路基压实度标准填挖类型路床顶面以下深度(㎝)道路类别压实度(%)(重型击实)检验频率检验方法范围点数挖方0~30城市快速路、主干路≥951000㎡每层3点环刀法、灌水法或灌砂法次干路≥93支路及其他小路≥90填方0~80城市快速路、主干路≥95次干路≥93支路及其他小路≥90>80~150城市快速路、主干路≥93次干路≥90支路及其他小路≥90>150城市快速路、主干路≥90次干路≥90支路及其他小路≥87②压实应先轻后重、先慢后快、均匀一致。压路机最快速度不宜起过4km/h。③填土的压实遍数,应按压实度要求,经现场试验确定。④压实过程中应采取措施保护地下管线、构筑物安全。⑤choosewaterfountains,water-savingproductsshouldbepurchased.Ascomparedtoopenv-Groovetypewatersupplysystem,sealednipplewatersystemcansavewater81.35%savingbeddingconsumption56.3%;sanitationanddrinkingwater,andavarietyofharmfulgasesconcentrationsdecline,increasedlayingrate13.79%,economicefficiencyimproved.ChickenCoopconstructionshouldpayattentiontoseveralproblems,chickendistributionnotes:arationalstructureofthehen-houselayout,canprovideagoodenvironmentforchicken,makingitsfullproductivepotential,sootherthaninunderstandingthephysiologicalcharacteristicsofthechickenitself,andmustbeproperlyplannedandconstructedsheds.1.sitestochooseawayfrompopulatedareas,trafficconvenient,awayfromtheroad2.Gaozaoterrain,alotofsunshine.Wintersunaspossible,summerwind,andnotaftertherainwater.Larger,leavingroomfordevelopment3.Abundantwaterresourcespollution-free,easytoaccess,sufficientpowerisguaranteed4.Buildingstructure,theeconomy,savingmoney,andsavingenergy,itisfacinginaccordancewithlocalenvironmentalandphysiologicalcondition,lightingisgood,easytoventilation,easytooperate,soconducivetocoolinginthesummer,toinsulationinwintercold5.Layoutofpremisesshouldbereasonable,dodistinguishbetweenproductionandnon-productionareasandnon-productionareasandwatersourcesareonachickenfarminthewind,netroadanddirtroadseparatinguncrossed,dungfarmislocatedinthe 碾压应自路基边缘向中央进行,压路机轮外缘距路基边应保持安全距离,压实度应达到要求,且表面应无显著轮迹、翻浆、起皮、波浪等现象。⑥压实应在土壤含水量接近最佳含水量时进行。其含水量偏差幅度经试验确定。⑦当管道位于路基范围内时,其沟槽的回填土压实度应符合现行国家标准《给水排水管道工程施工及验收规范》GB50268的有关规定,且管道结构顶面至路床的覆土厚度不大于50㎝时,应对管道结构进行加固。当管道结构顶面至路床的覆土厚度在50~80㎝时,路基压实过程中应对管道结构采取保护或加固措施。(13)旧路加宽时,填土宜选用与原路基土壤相同的土壤或透水性较好的土壤。4.3路肩施工工艺(1)路肩应与路基、基层、面层等各层同步施工。(2)路肩应平整、坚实,直线段肩线应直顺,曲线段应顺畅。4.4构筑物处理施工工艺(1)路基范围内存在既有地下管线等构筑物时,施工应符合下列规定:1)施工前,应根据管线等构筑物顶部与路床的高差,结合构筑物状况,分析、评估其受施工影响程度,采取相应的保护措施。2)构筑物拆改或加固保护处理措施完成后,应报请建设单位、管理单位参加进行隐蔽验收,确认符合要求、形成文件后,方可进行下一工序施工。3)施工中,应保持构筑物的临时加固设施处于有效工作状态。4)对构筑物的永久性加固,应在达到规定强度后,方可承受施工荷载。(2)新建管线等构筑物间或新建管线与既有管线、构筑物间有矛盾时,应报请建设单位,由管线管理单位、设计单位确定处理措施,并形成文件,据以施工。(3)沟槽回填土施工应符合下列规定:1)土壤最佳含水量和最大干密度应经试验确定。2)回填过程不得劈槽取土,严禁掏洞取土。4.5特殊土路基施工工艺(1)特殊土路基在加固处理施工前应做好下列准备工作:1)进行详细的现场调查,依据工程地质勘察报告核查特殊土的分布范围、埋置深度和地表水、地下水状况,根据设计文件、水文地质资料编制专项施工方案。2)做好路基施工范围内的地面、地下排水设施,并保证排水通畅。3)进行土工试验,提供施工技术参数。4)选择适宜的季节进行路基加固处理施工并宜符合下列要求:①湖、塘、沼泽等地的软土路基宜在枯水期施工;②膨胀土路基宜在少雨季节施工;③强盐渍土路基应在春季施工;黏性盐渍土路基宜在夏季施工;砂性盐渍土路基宜在春季和夏初施工。choosewaterfountains,water-savingproductsshouldbepurchased.Ascomparedtoopenv-Groovetypewatersupplysystem,sealednipplewatersystemcansavewater81.35%savingbeddingconsumption56.3%;sanitationanddrinkingwater,andavarietyofharmfulgasesconcentrationsdecline,increasedlayingrate13.79%,economicefficiencyimproved.ChickenCoopconstructionshouldpayattentiontoseveralproblems,chickendistributionnotes:arationalstructureofthehen-houselayout,canprovideagoodenvironmentforchicken,makingitsfullproductivepotential,sootherthaninunderstandingthephysiologicalcharacteristicsofthechickenitself,andmustbeproperlyplannedandconstructedsheds.1.sitestochooseawayfrompopulatedareas,trafficconvenient,awayfromtheroad2.Gaozaoterrain,alotofsunshine.Wintersunaspossible,summerwind,andnotaftertherainwater.Larger,leavingroomfordevelopment3.Abundantwaterresourcespollution-free,easytoaccess,sufficientpowerisguaranteed4.Buildingstructure,theeconomy,savingmoney,andsavingenergy,itisfacinginaccordancewithlocalenvironmentalandphysiologicalcondition,lightingisgood,easytoventilation,easytooperate,soconducivetocoolinginthesummer,toinsulationinwintercold5.Layoutofpremisesshouldbereasonable,dodistinguishbetweenproductionandnon-productionareasandnon-productionareasandwatersourcesareonachickenfarminthewind,netroadanddirtroadseparatinguncrossed,dungfarmislocatedinthe (2)软土路基施工应符合下列规定:1)软土路基施工应列入地基固结期。应按设计要求进行预压,预压期内除补填因加固沉降引起的补填土方外,严禁其他作业。2)施工前应修筑路基处理试验路段,以获取各种施工参数。3)置换土施工应符合下列要求:①填筑前,应排除地表水,清除腐殖土、淤泥。②填料宜采用透水性土。处于常水位以下部分的填土,不得使用非透水性土壤。③填土应由路中心向两侧按要求分层填筑并压实,层厚宜为15㎝。④分段填筑时,接茬应按分层做成台阶形状,台阶宽不宜小于2m。4)当软土层厚度小于3.0m,且位于水下或为含水量极高的淤泥时,可使用抛石挤淤,并应符合下列要求:①应使用不易风化石料,石料中尺寸小于30㎝粒径的含量不得超过20%。②抛填方向应根据道路横断面下卧软土地层坡度而定。坡度平坦时自地基中部渐次向两侧扩展;坡度陡于1:10时,自高侧向低侧抛填,并在低侧边部多抛设,使低侧边部约有2m宽的平台顶面。③抛石露出水面或软土面后,应用较小石块填平、碾压密实,再铺设反滤层填土压实。5)采用砂垫层置换时,砂垫层应宽出路基边脚0.5~1.0m,两侧以片石护砌。6)采用反压护道时,护道宜与路基同时填筑。当分别填筑时,必须在路基达到临界高度前将反压护道施工完成。压实度应符合设计规定,且不应低于最大干密度的90%。7)采用土工材料处理软土路基应符合下列要求:①土工材料应由耐高温、耐腐蚀、抗老化、不易断裂的聚合物材料制成。其抗拉强度、顶破强度、负荷延伸率等均应符合设计及有关产品质量标准的要求。②土工材料铺设前,应对基面压实整平。宜在原地基上铺设一层30~50㎝厚的砂垫层。铺设土工材料后,运、铺料等施工机具不得在其上直接行走。③每压实层的压实度、平整度经检验合格后,方可于其上铺设土工材料。土工材料应完好,发生破损应及时修补或更换。④铺设土工材料时,应将其沿垂直于路轴线展开,并视填土层厚度选用符合要求的锚固钉固定、拉直,不得出现扭曲、折皱等现象。土工材料纵向搭接宽度不应小于30㎝,采用锚接时其搭接宽度不得小于15㎝;采用胶结时胶接宽度不得小于5㎝,其胶结强度不得低于土工材料的抗拉强度。相邻土工材料横搭接宽度不应小于30㎝。⑤路基边坡留置的回卷土工材料,其长度不应小于2m。⑥choosewaterfountains,water-savingproductsshouldbepurchased.Ascomparedtoopenv-Groovetypewatersupplysystem,sealednipplewatersystemcansavewater81.35%savingbeddingconsumption56.3%;sanitationanddrinkingwater,andavarietyofharmfulgasesconcentrationsdecline,increasedlayingrate13.79%,economicefficiencyimproved.ChickenCoopconstructionshouldpayattentiontoseveralproblems,chickendistributionnotes:arationalstructureofthehen-houselayout,canprovideagoodenvironmentforchicken,makingitsfullproductivepotential,sootherthaninunderstandingthephysiologicalcharacteristicsofthechickenitself,andmustbeproperlyplannedandconstructedsheds.1.sitestochooseawayfrompopulatedareas,trafficconvenient,awayfromtheroad2.Gaozaoterrain,alotofsunshine.Wintersunaspossible,summerwind,andnotaftertherainwater.Larger,leavingroomfordevelopment3.Abundantwaterresourcespollution-free,easytoaccess,sufficientpowerisguaranteed4.Buildingstructure,theeconomy,savingmoney,andsavingenergy,itisfacinginaccordancewithlocalenvironmentalandphysiologicalcondition,lightingisgood,easytoventilation,easytooperate,soconducivetocoolinginthesummer,toinsulationinwintercold5.Layoutofpremisesshouldbereasonable,dodistinguishbetweenproductionandnon-productionareasandnon-productionareasandwatersourcesareonachickenfarminthewind,netroadanddirtroadseparatinguncrossed,dungfarmislocatedinthe 土工材料铺设完后,应立即铺筑上层填料,其间隔时间不应超过48h。⑦双层土工材料上、下层接缝应错开,错缝距离不应小于50㎝。8)施工中,项目部应按设计与施工方案要求记录各项控制观测数值,并与设计单位、监理单位及时沟通反馈有关工程信息以指导施工。路堤完工后,应观测沉降值与位移至符合设计规定并稳定后,方可进行后续施工。(3)湿陷性黄土路基施工应符合下列规定:1)施工前应作好施工期拦截、排除地表水的措施,且宜与设计规定的拦截、排除、防止地表水下渗的设施结合。2)路基内的地下排水构筑物与地面排水沟渠必须采取防渗措施。3)施工中应详探道路范围内的陷穴,当发现设计有遗漏时,应及时报建设单位、设计单位,进行补充设计。4)用换填法处理路基时应符合下列要求:①换填材料可选用黄土、其他黏性土或石灰土,其填筑压实要求同土方路基。采用石灰土换填时,消石灰与土的质量配合比,宜为石灰:土为9:91(二八灰土)或12:88(三七灰土)。石灰应符合本规范的有关规定。②换填宽度应宽出路基坡脚0.5~1.0m。③填筑用土中大于10㎝的土必须打碎,并应在接近土的佳含水量时碾压密实。5)强夯处理路基时应符合下列要求:①夯实施工前,必须查明场地范围内的地下管线等构筑物的位置及标高,严禁在其上方采用强夯施工,靠近其施工必须采取保护措施。②施工前应按设计要求在现场选点进行试夯,通过试夯确定施工参数,如夯锤质量、落距、夯点布置、夯击次数和夯击遍数等。③地基处理范围不宜小于路基坡脚外3m。④应划定作业区,并应设专人指挥施工。⑤施工过程中,应设专人对夯击参数进行监测和记录。当参数变异时,应及时采取措施处理。6)路堤边坡应整平夯实,并应采取防止路面水冲刷措施。(4)冻土路基施工应符合下列规定:1)路基范围内的各种地下管线基础应设置于冻土层以下。2)填方地段路堤应预留沉降量,在修筑路面结构之前,路基沉降应已基本稳定。3)路基受冰冻影响部位,应选用水稳定性和抗冻稳定性均较好的粗粒土,碾压时的含水量偏差应控制在最佳含水量允许偏差范围内。4)当路基位于永久冻土的富冰冻土、饱冰冻土或含冰层地段时,必须保持路基及周围的冻土处于冻结状态,且应避免施工时破坏土基热流平衡。排水沟与路基坡脚距离不应小于2m。5)冻土区土层为冻融活动层,设计无地基处理要求时,应报请设计部门进行补充设计。choosewaterfountains,water-savingproductsshouldbepurchased.Ascomparedtoopenv-Groovetypewatersupplysystem,sealednipplewatersystemcansavewater81.35%savingbeddingconsumption56.3%;sanitationanddrinkingwater,andavarietyofharmfulgasesconcentrationsdecline,increasedlayingrate13.79%,economicefficiencyimproved.ChickenCoopconstructionshouldpayattentiontoseveralproblems,chickendistributionnotes:arationalstructureofthehen-houselayout,canprovideagoodenvironmentforchicken,makingitsfullproductivepotential,sootherthaninunderstandingthephysiologicalcharacteristicsofthechickenitself,andmustbeproperlyplannedandconstructedsheds.1.sitestochooseawayfrompopulatedareas,trafficconvenient,awayfromtheroad2.Gaozaoterrain,alotofsunshine.Wintersunaspossible,summerwind,andnotaftertherainwater.Larger,leavingroomfordevelopment3.Abundantwaterresourcespollution-free,easytoaccess,sufficientpowerisguaranteed4.Buildingstructure,theeconomy,savingmoney,andsavingenergy,itisfacinginaccordancewithlocalenvironmentalandphysiologicalcondition,lightingisgood,easytoventilation,easytooperate,soconducivetocoolinginthesummer,toinsulationinwintercold5.Layoutofpremisesshouldbereasonable,dodistinguishbetweenproductionandnon-productionareasandnon-productionareasandwatersourcesareonachickenfarminthewind,netroadanddirtroadseparatinguncrossed,dungfarmislocatedinthe 5、劳动组织劳动组织模式:采用工程队模式。作业工地应配备专职队长、技术负责人,技术,质量、安全、试验、材料、领工员,工班长,均应由施工企业正式职工担任。6、质量控制及检验工班在作业时,按照下列标准进行质量控制;每道工序完成后,质检员按照下列要求进行检验。6.1质量控制(1)土方路基(路床)质量检验应符合下列规定:1)路基压实度应符合规范规定。检查数量:每1000㎡、每压实抽检3点。检验方法:环刀法、灌砂法或灌水法。2)弯沉值,不应大于设计规定。检查数量:每车道、每20m测1点。检验方法:弯沉仪检测。3)土路基允许偏差应符合表3.4的规定。表3.4土路基允许偏差项目允许偏差检验频率检验方法范围(m)点数路庆纵断高程(㎜)-20+10201用水准仪测量路床中线偏位(㎜)≤301002用经纬仪、钢尺量取最大值路床平整度(㎜)≤1520路宽(m)<91用3m直尺和塞尺连续量两尺,取较大值9~152>153路床宽度(㎜)不小于设计值+B401用钢尺量路床横坡±0.3%且不反坡20路宽(m)<92用水准仪测量9~154>156边坡不陡于设计值202用坡度尺量,每侧1点注:B为施工时必要的附加宽度4)路床应平整、坚实,无显著轮迹、翻浆、波浪、起皮等现象,路堤边坡应密实、稳定、平顺等。检查数量:全数检查。检验方法:观察。choosewaterfountains,water-savingproductsshouldbepurchased.Ascomparedtoopenv-Groovetypewatersupplysystem,sealednipplewatersystemcansavewater81.35%savingbeddingconsumption56.3%;sanitationanddrinkingwater,andavarietyofharmfulgasesconcentrationsdecline,increasedlayingrate13.79%,economicefficiencyimproved.ChickenCoopconstructionshouldpayattentiontoseveralproblems,chickendistributionnotes:arationalstructureofthehen-houselayout,canprovideagoodenvironmentforchicken,makingitsfullproductivepotential,sootherthaninunderstandingthephysiologicalcharacteristicsofthechickenitself,andmustbeproperlyplannedandconstructedsheds.1.sitestochooseawayfrompopulatedareas,trafficconvenient,awayfromtheroad2.Gaozaoterrain,alotofsunshine.Wintersunaspossible,summerwind,andnotaftertherainwater.Larger,leavingroomfordevelopment3.Abundantwaterresourcespollution-free,easytoaccess,sufficientpowerisguaranteed4.Buildingstructure,theeconomy,savingmoney,andsavingenergy,itisfacinginaccordancewithlocalenvironmentalandphysiologicalcondition,lightingisgood,easytoventilation,easytooperate,soconducivetocoolinginthesummer,toinsulationinwintercold5.Layoutofpremisesshouldbereasonable,dodistinguishbetweenproductionandnon-productionareasandnon-productionareasandwatersourcesareonachickenfarminthewind,netroadanddirtroadseparatinguncrossed,dungfarmislocatedinthe (2)路肩质量检验应符合下列规定:1)肩线应顺畅、表面平整,不积水、不阻水。检查数量:全数检查。检验方法:观察。2)路肩,压实度应大于或等于90%。检查数量:每100m,每侧各抽检1点。检验方法:环刀法,灌砂法或灌水法。3)路肩允许偏差应符合表3.7的规定。表3.7路肩允许偏差项目允许偏差检验频率检验方法范围(m)点数宽度(㎜)不小于设计规定402用钢尺量,每侧1点横坡±1%且不反坡402用水准仪测量,每侧1点(3)软土路基施工质量检验应符合下列规定:1)换填土处理软土路基质量检验应符合规范的有关规定。2)砂垫层处理软土路基质量检验应符合下列规定:①砂垫层的材料质量应符合设计要求。检查数量:按不同材料进场批次,每批检查1次。检验方法:查检验报告。②砂垫层的压实度应大于等于90%。检查数量:每1000㎡、每压实层抽检3点。检验方法:灌砂法。③砂垫层允许偏差应符合表3.8的规定。表3.8砂垫层允许偏差项目允许偏差(㎜)检验频率检验方法范围(m)点数宽度不小于设计规定+B401用钢尺量厚度不小于设计规定200路宽(m)<92用钢尺量9~154>156choosewaterfountains,water-savingproductsshouldbepurchased.Ascomparedtoopenv-Groovetypewatersupplysystem,sealednipplewatersystemcansavewater81.35%savingbeddingconsumption56.3%;sanitationanddrinkingwater,andavarietyofharmfulgasesconcentrationsdecline,increasedlayingrate13.79%,economicefficiencyimproved.ChickenCoopconstructionshouldpayattentiontoseveralproblems,chickendistributionnotes:arationalstructureofthehen-houselayout,canprovideagoodenvironmentforchicken,makingitsfullproductivepotential,sootherthaninunderstandingthephysiologicalcharacteristicsofthechickenitself,andmustbeproperlyplannedandconstructedsheds.1.sitestochooseawayfrompopulatedareas,trafficconvenient,awayfromtheroad2.Gaozaoterrain,alotofsunshine.Wintersunaspossible,summerwind,andnotaftertherainwater.Larger,leavingroomfordevelopment3.Abundantwaterresourcespollution-free,easytoaccess,sufficientpowerisguaranteed4.Buildingstructure,theeconomy,savingmoney,andsavingenergy,itisfacinginaccordancewithlocalenvironmentalandphysiologicalcondition,lightingisgood,easytoventilation,easytooperate,soconducivetocoolinginthesummer,toinsulationinwintercold5.Layoutofpremisesshouldbereasonable,dodistinguishbetweenproductionandnon-productionareasandnon-productionareasandwatersourcesareonachickenfarminthewind,netroadanddirtroadseparatinguncrossed,dungfarmislocatedinthe 注:B为必要的附加宽度。3)反压护道质量检验应符合下列规定:①压实度不应小于90%。检查数量:每压层,每200m检查3点。检验方法:环刀法、灌砂法或灌水法。②宽度、高度应符合设计要求。检查数量:全数检查。检验方法:观察,用尺量。4)土工材料处理软土路基质量检验应符合下列规定:①土工材料的技术质量指标应符合设计要求。检查数量:按进场批次,每批次按5%抽检。检验方法:查出厂检验报告,进场复检。②土工合成材料敷设、胶接、锚固和回卷长度应符合设计要求。检查数量:全数检查。检验方法:用尺量。③下承层面不得有突刺、尖角。检查数量:全数检查。检验方法:观察。④土工合成材料铺设允许偏差应符合表3.9的规定。表3.9土工合成材料铺设允许偏差项目允许偏差检验频率检验方法范围(m)点数下承面平整度(㎜)≤1520路宽(m)<91用3m尺和塞尺连续量两尺,取较大值9~152>153下在面拱度±1%20路宽(m)<92用水准仪测量9~154>156(4)湿陷性黄土路基强夯处理质量检验应符合下列规定:1)路基土的压实度应符合设计规定。检查数量:每1000㎡,每压实层,抽检3点。检验方法:环刀法、灌砂法或灌水法。2)湿陷性黄土夯实质量应符合表3.15的规定。choosewaterfountains,water-savingproductsshouldbepurchased.Ascomparedtoopenv-Groovetypewatersupplysystem,sealednipplewatersystemcansavewater81.35%savingbeddingconsumption56.3%;sanitationanddrinkingwater,andavarietyofharmfulgasesconcentrationsdecline,increasedlayingrate13.79%,economicefficiencyimproved.ChickenCoopconstructionshouldpayattentiontoseveralproblems,chickendistributionnotes:arationalstructureofthehen-houselayout,canprovideagoodenvironmentforchicken,makingitsfullproductivepotential,sootherthaninunderstandingthephysiologicalcharacteristicsofthechickenitself,andmustbeproperlyplannedandconstructedsheds.1.sitestochooseawayfrompopulatedareas,trafficconvenient,awayfromtheroad2.Gaozaoterrain,alotofsunshine.Wintersunaspossible,summerwind,andnotaftertherainwater.Larger,leavingroomfordevelopment3.Abundantwaterresourcespollution-free,easytoaccess,sufficientpowerisguaranteed4.Buildingstructure,theeconomy,savingmoney,andsavingenergy,itisfacinginaccordancewithlocalenvironmentalandphysiologicalcondition,lightingisgood,easytoventilation,easytooperate,soconducivetocoolinginthesummer,toinsulationinwintercold5.Layoutofpremisesshouldbereasonable,dodistinguishbetweenproductionandnon-productionareasandnon-productionareasandwatersourcesareonachickenfarminthewind,netroadanddirtroadseparatinguncrossed,dungfarmislocatedinthe 表3.15湿陷性黄土夯实质量检验标准项目检验标准检验频率检验方法范围(m)点数夯点累计夯沉量不小于试夯时确定夯沉量的95%200路宽(m)<92查施工记录9~154>156湿陷系数符合设计要求路宽(m)<92见注9~154>156注:隔7~10d,在设计有效加固深度内,每隔50~100㎝取土样测定土的压实度、湿陷系数等指标7、安全及环保要求7.1施工安全(1)路基施工制定安全预案、具备安全生产条件,确保施工安全。(2)施工现场的临时用电,应严格执行《施工现场临时用电安全技术规范》(JGJ-46).夜间施工,现场应设有保证施工安全要求的照明设施。(3)施工便道、便桥应设立警示标志,必要时应设专人维护、指挥交通。施工车辆必须遵守道路交通法规。(4)施工作业人员,必须遵守本工种的各项安全技术操作规程。作业人员、进入现场人员必须按规定佩戴和使用劳动保护用品。由工人配合机械进行辅助作业时,作业人员应注意观察,严禁在机械正在作业的范围内进行辅助作业。(5)多台机械同时作业时,各机械之间应注意保持必要的安全距离。机械在路基边坡、边沟、基坑边缘、不稳定体(地段)上作业时,应采取必要的安全措施。(6)在靠近结构物处挖土时,必须采取安全防护措施。对于在路基范围内暂时不能迁移的结构物,应留出土台,土台周围设置警示标志。7.2环境保护1)做好排水、废料、废水的处理工作,修建临时排水沟,使工地保持良好的排水状态。2)严格控制噪音,特别是夜间,更要严格控制工地噪音,在居民区晚11点~早6点,噪音过大,影响居民施工的项目停止作业,如必须在此间作业的应发布安民告示,尽量减少对居民的干扰。3)采用洒水法控制道路及工地内灰尘。choosewaterfountains,water-savingproductsshouldbepurchased.Ascomparedtoopenv-Groovetypewatersupplysystem,sealednipplewatersystemcansavewater81.35%savingbeddingconsumption56.3%;sanitationanddrinkingwater,andavarietyofharmfulgasesconcentrationsdecline,increasedlayingrate13.79%,economicefficiencyimproved.ChickenCoopconstructionshouldpayattentiontoseveralproblems,chickendistributionnotes:arationalstructureofthehen-houselayout,canprovideagoodenvironmentforchicken,makingitsfullproductivepotential,sootherthaninunderstandingthephysiologicalcharacteristicsofthechickenitself,andmustbeproperlyplannedandconstructedsheds.1.sitestochooseawayfrompopulatedareas,trafficconvenient,awayfromtheroad2.Gaozaoterrain,alotofsunshine.Wintersunaspossible,summerwind,andnotaftertherainwater.Larger,leavingroomfordevelopment3.Abundantwaterresourcespollution-free,easytoaccess,sufficientpowerisguaranteed4.Buildingstructure,theeconomy,savingmoney,andsavingenergy,itisfacinginaccordancewithlocalenvironmentalandphysiologicalcondition,lightingisgood,easytoventilation,easytooperate,soconducivetocoolinginthesummer,toinsulationinwintercold5.Layoutofpremisesshouldbereasonable,dodistinguishbetweenproductionandnon-productionareasandnon-productionareasandwatersourcesareonachickenfarminthewind,netroadanddirtroadseparatinguncrossed,dungfarmislocatedinthe'