城市浅埋硬岩大断面隧道施工工法

'recoveryandtreatmentinatimelymanner.Atthetimeofconstruction,shouldbetakentopreventdustandmudspillleak,measuressuchasthesewageoutflow,vehiclesstainedwithdirt,constructionwastesomeonetocleanup,toavoidpollutingtheenvironment3.2nightarrangementsofnoiseemittedbyconstructionequipment,mixernoiseemittedbymachineryandequipmentnexttofoamfornoisecontroltopreventnoisepollutionofthesurroundingenvironment.3.3constructionmanagersandconstructionpersonnel,specialoperationspersonnellistingjobs,siteoperators,leaders,managers,operators,wearingahelmetisdividedintored,blueandyellowspecies.3.4siteconstructionandcompany"scomprehensiveevaluation,checkscorespublishedexaminationresultsissuedonaregularbasis.4,constructionsiteenvironmentalprotectionmeasuresinordertoprotectandimprovethelivingenvironmentandtheecologicalenvironment,preventconstructionandoperationofpollutionandnuisance,safeguardthehealthofresidentsandworkersneartheconstructionarea,promotingthedevelopmentofSocialistconstruction,environmentalprotectionmustbetheconstructionsite.4.1dailybytheDeputyProjectManager,construction,safetyofficerfortheafternoonthesecondcomprehensiveselftest,whereaviolationoftheprovisionsoftheenvironmentprotectioninconstructionsitemustbepromptlyidentifiedandcorrectiveaction,madebyconstructionworkersonthedayoftheconstructionofthelogonpostrecords.4.2monthlybytheDepartmentofprojectstobechecked,accordingtotheenvironmentalprotectioninconstructionsiteinspection,evaluationcriteriaforinspectionscore,fillinthescoresheetasthebasisforsiteevaluationofsafeproductionandcivilized.Duringtheinspection,donotmeettheenvironmentalrequirementsofthe"three"(people,time,andmeasures)modification,implementationandreviewreviewthedutiesspecified.4.34.3.1pollutionpreventionmeasuresinconstructionsitecleanuprubbish,usedmotorvehicleshipments,nofreeairdispersioncausedbydust.Constructionofrefusetobecleaneduptoadesignatedlocation,nofeelfreetopileup,cleanedupandwhenadequatewatertoreducedust.4.3.2earthmovingconstructionsiteentrancesandsetthecarwash,andarrangeforsomeonetocleanuptire,notwheeldirtintootherroads,affectingthecityclean.4.3.3constructionroadconstructionsitebeforeconstructionreadyplansandsetting,makefulluseofredlinelayout,arrangementoftemporaryconstructionroad,grass-rootsenergising,pavementpavingthewayCokebutton,fineaggregate,andwateratalltimes,reduceroaddust.4.3.4constructionwhentheprotectionofurbanpublicfacilitieshavebeenbuilt,reasonablearrangementswithinthelotofconstructionorganization,constructiononthenormallifeoftheresidentsandtominimizetheimpactofleisure.4.3.5easycloudoffinematerialWewillcontinuetoimprovethecompany"sinternalcontrolsystem,andsteadyimprovementinabilitytomanageandcontrol,optimizebusinessprocesses,toensuresmoothprocesses,responsibilitiesinplace;tofurtherstrengtheninternalcontrols,playacontrolpostindependentoversightroleofevaluationcomplyingwiththird-partyresponsibility;toactivelymakeuseofinternalaudittoolsdetectpotentialmanagement,streamline,standardizerelatedtransactions,strengtheningoperationsinaccordancewithlaw.Deepeningtheinformationmanagementtoensurefullcommunication"zeroresistance".　　ToconstantlyperfectERP,andBFS++,andPI,andMIS,andSCM,informationsystembasedconstruction,fullintegrationinformationsystem,achievedinformationresourcesshared;toexpandPortalsystemapplicationofbreadthanddepth,playinformationsystemonenterpriseofAssistantrole;toperfectdailyrunmaintenanceoperationofrecords,promoteproblemreasonsanalysisandsystemhandover;tostrengtheningBFS++,andERP,andSCM,technologyapplicationoftraining,improveemployeesapplicationinformationsystemofcapacityandlevel.Humanisticcaretoensure"zero."　　TostrengtheningHumanitiescare,continuestofostercompanywindclear,andgasare,andheartShunofcultureatmosphere;strengtheninglovehelpedtrapped,caredifficultemployees;carriedoutstyleactivities,richemployeeslife;strengtheninghealthandlabourprotection,organizationcareerhealthmedical,controlcareeragainst;continuestoimplementationpsychologicalwarningpreventionsystem,trainingemployeeshealthofcharacter,andstableofmoodandenterprisingofattitude,createdfriendlyfraternityofHumanitiesenvironment.Tostrengthenriskmanagement,ensurethatthebusinessof"zerorisk".Tostrengthenedbusinessplansmanagement,willbusinessbusinessplanscovertoalllevel,ensurethebusinesscancontrolincontrol;tocloseconcernfinancial,andcoalelectriclinkage,andenergy-savingscheduling,nationalpolicytrends,strengtheningtrack,activeshould;toimplementationState-ownedassetsmethod,furtherspecificationbusinessfinancialmanagement;toperfectrisktubecontrolsystem,achievedriskrecognition,andmeasure,andassessment,andreport,andcontrolfeedbackofclosedringmanagement,improveriskpreventioncapacity.　　Tofurtherstandardizetrading,andstrivetoachieve"accordingtolaw,standardizeandfair."Innovationofperformancemanagement,toensurethatpotentialemployees"zerofly".Tostrengthenperformancemanagement,processcontrol,enhanceemployeeevaluationandlevelsofeffectivecommunicationtoimproveperformancemanagement.Tofurtherquantifyandrefineemployeestandards...Work,fullplayparty,andbranch,andmembersin"fivetypeEnterprise"constructionintheofcorerole,andfightingfortressroleandpioneermodelrole;tocontinuestostrengthening"fourgood"leadershipconstruction,fullplaylevelscadresinenterprisedevelopmentinthe城市浅埋硬岩大断面隧道施工工法工法编号：TLEJGF-03·04-35、GZSJGF07-03-08中铁隧道集团三处唐果良刘建国邓青平一、前言随着我国城市建设事业的发展，地面空间已不能满足城市功能的需要，向地下拓展空间已成为城市建设的新方向。城区隧道与山岭隧道差别很大：一是位于市区，周边建筑较多，开挖爆破需要严格控制；二是城市地铁车站，商场的断面大，远大于铁路三线隧道。《城市浅埋硬岩大断面隧道施工工法》是依据新奥法原理，采用双侧壁导洞预留核心岩柱的方法开挖，通过综合减震措施减小爆破开挖时的地震动，保护周边环境，使用全断面整体式钢模台车进行二次衬砌，同时采用综合监测手段对施工过程进行动态监控和实时处理的一个工程工法，它在重庆轻轨较新线一期工程临江门车站工程建设过程中形成。二、工法特点1、采用双侧壁导洞预留核心岩柱的方法开挖，二次衬砌紧跟核心岩柱上部开挖，控制二次衬砌面与核心开挖面的距离，从而减小变形，控制地表沉降，保证工程安全。2、紧临建、构筑物的开挖爆破通过超前导洞先行、预留光爆层光面爆破、周边密排空眼减震、开挖面增打减震孔、非电不对称起爆网络等综合减震技术减小爆破震动效应，保护周边环境。3、采用全断面整体式钢模台车进行二次衬砌，保证结构的整体性和防水效果，加快施工进度，从而保证工程质量，提高经济效益。4、采用综合监测技术，实时反馈信息，动态修正施工方法和支护参数，确保工程安全。三、适用范围1、适用于新奥法指导施工的大断面、特大断面隧道及地下工程（即开挖宽度18m及以上，开挖高度12m以上）。2、紧临既有建筑物需要采用控制爆破开挖，Ⅱ～Ⅲ级围岩的浅埋暗挖特大断面地下工程。3、围岩较完整较厚层的软岩，中硬岩——硬岩。四、工艺原理1、采用双侧壁导洞预留核心岩柱的方法，将大跨减小，大断面隧道分割成几个小洞室分部施工，利用核心岩柱作为支撑，从而控制变形，保证安全。2、以控制爆破理论和新奥法理论为基础，通过各种综合减震手段，减小爆破开挖时的地震动效应，同时减小开挖爆破对围岩的扰动，从而保护周边环境，提高围岩自稳能力，保证工程安全。五、施工工艺（一）施工工艺流程施工工艺流程详见图1。（二）开挖步序开挖步序详见图2。recoveryandtreatmentinatimelymanner.Atthetimeofconstruction,shouldbetakentopreventdustandmudspillleak,measuressuchasthesewageoutflow,vehiclesstainedwithdirt,constructionwastesomeonetocleanup,toavoidpollutingtheenvironment3.2nightarrangementsofnoiseemittedbyconstructionequipment,mixernoiseemittedbymachineryandequipmentnexttofoamfornoisecontroltopreventnoisepollutionofthesurroundingenvironment.3.3constructionmanagersandconstructionpersonnel,specialoperationspersonnellistingjobs,siteoperators,leaders,managers,operators,wearingahelmetisdividedintored,blueandyellowspecies.3.4siteconstructionandcompany"scomprehensiveevaluation,checkscorespublishedexaminationresultsissuedonaregularbasis.4,constructionsiteenvironmentalprotectionmeasuresinordertoprotectandimprovethelivingenvironmentandtheecologicalenvironment,preventconstructionandoperationofpollutionandnuisance,safeguardthehealthofresidentsandworkersneartheconstructionarea,promotingthedevelopmentofSocialistconstruction,environmentalprotectionmustbetheconstructionsite.4.1dailybytheDeputyProjectManager,construction,safetyofficerfortheafternoonthesecondcomprehensiveselftest,whereaviolationoftheprovisionsoftheenvironmentprotectioninconstructionsitemustbepromptlyidentifiedandcorrectiveaction,madebyconstructionworkersonthedayoftheconstructionofthelogonpostrecords.4.2monthlybytheDepartmentofprojectstobechecked,accordingtotheenvironmentalprotectioninconstructionsiteinspection,evaluationcriteriaforinspectionscore,fillinthescoresheetasthebasisforsiteevaluationofsafeproductionandcivilized.Duringtheinspection,donotmeettheenvironmentalrequirementsofthe"three"(people,time,andmeasures)modification,implementationandreviewreviewthedutiesspecified.4.34.3.1pollutionpreventionmeasuresinconstructionsitecleanuprubbish,usedmotorvehicleshipments,nofreeairdispersioncausedbydust.Constructionofrefusetobecleaneduptoadesignatedlocation,nofeelfreetopileup,cleanedupandwhenadequatewatertoreducedust.4.3.2earthmovingconstructionsiteentrancesandsetthecarwash,andarrangeforsomeonetocleanuptire,notwheeldirtintootherroads,affectingthecityclean.4.3.3constructionroadconstructionsitebeforeconstructionreadyplansandsetting,makefulluseofredlinelayout,arrangementoftemporaryconstructionroad,grass-rootsenergising,pavementpavingthewayCokebutton,fineaggregate,andwateratalltimes,reduceroaddust.4.3.4constructionwhentheprotectionofurbanpublicfacilitieshavebeenbuilt,reasonablearrangementswithinthelotofconstructionorganization,constructiononthenormallifeoftheresidentsandtominimizetheimpactofleisure.4.3.5easycloudoffinematerialofbackbonebackbonerole;tofullstrengtheningmembersyouthwork,fullplayyouthemployeesincompanydevelopmentintheofforcerole;toimproveindependentCommissionagainstcorruptionworklevel,strengtheningonenterprisebusinesskeylinkofeffectivenessmonitored.,Andmaintainstability.Tofurtherstrengthenpublicityandeducation,improvetheoveralllegalsystem.Wemuststrengthensafetymanagement,establishandimprovetheeducation,supervision,andevaluationasoneofthetrafficsafetymanagementmechanism.　　ToconscientiouslysumuptheOlympicsecuritycontrols,promotingintegratedmanagementtoahigherlevel,higherstandards,ahigherlevelofdevelopment.Employees,todayislunarcalendaronDecember24,theoxBellisabouttoring,atthistimeofyear,weclearlyfeelthepulseoftheXXpowergenerationcompanytoflourish,tomoreclearlyhearXXpowergenerationcompaniesmatureandsymmetrybreathing.Recallingpastoneanotheracrossarailing,weareenthusiasticandfullofconfidence.Futuredevelopmentopportunities,wemoreexcitingfightmorespirited.　　Employees,letustogetheracross2013fullofchallengesandopportunities,tocreateagreen,low-costoperation,fullofhumanecareofaworld-classpowergenerationcompanyandworkhard!TheoccasionoftheSpringFestival,mysincerewishthatyouandthefamiliesofthestaffinthenewyear,goodhealth,happy,happy13 recoveryandtreatmentinatimelymanner.Atthetimeofconstruction,shouldbetakentopreventdustandmudspillleak,measuressuchasthesewageoutflow,vehiclesstainedwithdirt,constructionwastesomeonetocleanup,toavoidpollutingtheenvironment3.2nightarrangementsofnoiseemittedbyconstructionequipment,mixernoiseemittedbymachineryandequipmentnexttofoamfornoisecontroltopreventnoisepollutionofthesurroundingenvironment.3.3constructionmanagersandconstructionpersonnel,specialoperationspersonnellistingjobs,siteoperators,leaders,managers,operators,wearingahelmetisdividedintored,blueandyellowspecies.3.4siteconstructionandcompany"scomprehensiveevaluation,checkscorespublishedexaminationresultsissuedonaregularbasis.4,constructionsiteenvironmentalprotectionmeasuresinordertoprotectandimprovethelivingenvironmentandtheecologicalenvironment,preventconstructionandoperationofpollutionandnuisance,safeguardthehealthofresidentsandworkersneartheconstructionarea,promotingthedevelopmentofSocialistconstruction,environmentalprotectionmustbetheconstructionsite.4.1dailybytheDeputyProjectManager,construction,safetyofficerfortheafternoonthesecondcomprehensiveselftest,whereaviolationoftheprovisionsoftheenvironmentprotectioninconstructionsitemustbepromptlyidentifiedandcorrectiveaction,madebyconstructionworkersonthedayoftheconstructionofthelogonpostrecords.4.2monthlybytheDepartmentofprojectstobechecked,accordingtotheenvironmentalprotectioninconstructionsiteinspection,evaluationcriteriaforinspectionscore,fillinthescoresheetasthebasisforsiteevaluationofsafeproductionandcivilized.Duringtheinspection,donotmeettheenvironmentalrequirementsofthe"three"(people,time,andmeasures)modification,implementationandreviewreviewthedutiesspecified.4.34.3.1pollutionpreventionmeasuresinconstructionsitecleanuprubbish,usedmotorvehicleshipments,nofreeairdispersioncausedbydust.Constructionofrefusetobecleaneduptoadesignatedlocation,nofeelfreetopileup,cleanedupandwhenadequatewatertoreducedust.4.3.2earthmovingconstructionsiteentrancesandsetthecarwash,andarrangeforsomeonetocleanuptire,notwheeldirtintootherroads,affectingthecityclean.4.3.3constructionroadconstructionsitebeforeconstructionreadyplansandsetting,makefulluseofredlinelayout,arrangementoftemporaryconstructionroad,grass-rootsenergising,pavementpavingthewayCokebutton,fineaggregate,andwateratalltimes,reduceroaddust.4.3.4constructionwhentheprotectionofurbanpublicfacilitieshavebeenbuilt,reasonablearrangementswithinthelotofconstructionorganization,constructiononthenormallifeoftheresidentsandtominimizetheimpactofleisure.4.3.5easycloudoffinematerialWewillcontinuetoimprovethecompany"sinternalcontrolsystem,andsteadyimprovementinabilitytomanageandcontrol,optimizebusinessprocesses,toensuresmoothprocesses,responsibilitiesinplace;tofurtherstrengtheninternalcontrols,playacontrolpostindependentoversightroleofevaluationcomplyingwiththird-partyresponsibility;toactivelymakeuseofinternalaudittoolsdetectpotentialmanagement,streamline,standardizerelatedtransactions,strengtheningoperationsinaccordancewithlaw.Deepeningtheinformationmanagementtoensurefullcommunication"zeroresistance".　　ToconstantlyperfectERP,andBFS++,andPI,andMIS,andSCM,informationsystembasedconstruction,fullintegrationinformationsystem,achievedinformationresourcesshared;toexpandPortalsystemapplicationofbreadthanddepth,playinformationsystemonenterpriseofAssistantrole;toperfectdailyrunmaintenanceoperationofrecords,promoteproblemreasonsanalysisandsystemhandover;tostrengtheningBFS++,andERP,andSCM,technologyapplicationoftraining,improveemployeesapplicationinformationsystemofcapacityandlevel.Humanisticcaretoensure"zero."　　TostrengtheningHumanitiescare,continuestofostercompanywindclear,andgasare,andheartShunofcultureatmosphere;strengtheninglovehelpedtrapped,caredifficultemployees;carriedoutstyleactivities,richemployeeslife;strengtheninghealthandlabourprotection,organizationcareerhealthmedical,controlcareeragainst;continuestoimplementationpsychologicalwarningpreventionsystem,trainingemployeeshealthofcharacter,andstableofmoodandenterprisingofattitude,createdfriendlyfraternityofHumanitiesenvironment.Tostrengthenriskmanagement,ensurethatthebusinessof"zerorisk".Tostrengthenedbusinessplansmanagement,willbusinessbusinessplanscovertoalllevel,ensurethebusinesscancontrolincontrol;tocloseconcernfinancial,andcoalelectriclinkage,andenergy-savingscheduling,nationalpolicytrends,strengtheningtrack,activeshould;toimplementationState-ownedassetsmethod,furtherspecificationbusinessfinancialmanagement;toperfectrisktubecontrolsystem,achievedriskrecognition,andmeasure,andassessment,andreport,andcontrolfeedbackofclosedringmanagement,improveriskpreventioncapacity.　　Tofurtherstandardizetrading,andstrivetoachieve"accordingtolaw,standardizeandfair."Innovationofperformancemanagement,toensurethatpotentialemployees"zerofly".Tostrengthenperformancemanagement,processcontrol,enhanceemployeeevaluationandlevelsofeffectivecommunicationtoimproveperformancemanagement.Tofurtherquantifyandrefineemployeestandards...Work,fullplayparty,andbranch,andmembersin"fivetypeEnterprise"constructionintheofcorerole,andfightingfortressroleandpioneermodelrole;tocontinuestostrengthening"fourgood"leadershipconstruction,fullplaylevelscadresinenterprisedevelopmentinthe侧壁2部导洞开挖支护临时支撑分段拆除同部开挖核心4部侧壁3部导洞开挖支护6部全断面衬砌施工核心5部开挖核心7部开挖侧壁1部导洞开挖支护仰拱8部开挖仰拱9部开挖仰拱及铺底砼施工双侧壁错开步距同时施工内部装修竣工交验施工准备图1施工工艺流程图地表、管线、建筑物、隧道变形、爆破振动、支护受力及衬砌受力监测图2隧道开挖部序图说明：1.临时中隔墙采用50mmC25喷射混凝土及长500mmφ22锚杆支护，以20b工字钢支撑加强，钢支撑每500mm一榀，临时锚杆采用普通药包锚杆。2.图中阿拉伯数字表示开挖及施工二次衬砌部序，罗马数字表示初期支护及临时支护部序。（三）说明1、双侧壁上导洞1的开挖，施工该部初期支护（包括锚杆、喷射混凝土及格栅拱）Ⅰ、临时recoveryandtreatmentinatimelymanner.Atthetimeofconstruction,shouldbetakentopreventdustandmudspillleak,measuressuchasthesewageoutflow,vehiclesstainedwithdirt,constructionwastesomeonetocleanup,toavoidpollutingtheenvironment3.2nightarrangementsofnoiseemittedbyconstructionequipment,mixernoiseemittedbymachineryandequipmentnexttofoamfornoisecontroltopreventnoisepollutionofthesurroundingenvironment.3.3constructionmanagersandconstructionpersonnel,specialoperationspersonnellistingjobs,siteoperators,leaders,managers,operators,wearingahelmetisdividedintored,blueandyellowspecies.3.4siteconstructionandcompany"scomprehensiveevaluation,checkscorespublishedexaminationresultsissuedonaregularbasis.4,constructionsiteenvironmentalprotectionmeasuresinordertoprotectandimprovethelivingenvironmentandtheecologicalenvironment,preventconstructionandoperationofpollutionandnuisance,safeguardthehealthofresidentsandworkersneartheconstructionarea,promotingthedevelopmentofSocialistconstruction,environmentalprotectionmustbetheconstructionsite.4.1dailybytheDeputyProjectManager,construction,safetyofficerfortheafternoonthesecondcomprehensiveselftest,whereaviolationoftheprovisionsoftheenvironmentprotectioninconstructionsitemustbepromptlyidentifiedandcorrectiveaction,madebyconstructionworkersonthedayoftheconstructionofthelogonpostrecords.4.2monthlybytheDepartmentofprojectstobechecked,accordingtotheenvironmentalprotectioninconstructionsiteinspection,evaluationcriteriaforinspectionscore,fillinthescoresheetasthebasisforsiteevaluationofsafeproductionandcivilized.Duringtheinspection,donotmeettheenvironmentalrequirementsofthe"three"(people,time,andmeasures)modification,implementationandreviewreviewthedutiesspecified.4.34.3.1pollutionpreventionmeasuresinconstructionsitecleanuprubbish,usedmotorvehicleshipments,nofreeairdispersioncausedbydust.Constructionofrefusetobecleaneduptoadesignatedlocation,nofeelfreetopileup,cleanedupandwhenadequatewatertoreducedust.4.3.2earthmovingconstructionsiteentrancesandsetthecarwash,andarrangeforsomeonetocleanuptire,notwheeldirtintootherroads,affectingthecityclean.4.3.3constructionroadconstructionsitebeforeconstructionreadyplansandsetting,makefulluseofredlinelayout,arrangementoftemporaryconstructionroad,grass-rootsenergising,pavementpavingthewayCokebutton,fineaggregate,andwateratalltimes,reduceroaddust.4.3.4constructionwhentheprotectionofurbanpublicfacilitieshavebeenbuilt,reasonablearrangementswithinthelotofconstructionorganization,constructiononthenormallifeoftheresidentsandtominimizetheimpactofleisure.4.3.5easycloudoffinematerialofbackbonebackbonerole;tofullstrengtheningmembersyouthwork,fullplayyouthemployeesincompanydevelopmentintheofforcerole;toimproveindependentCommissionagainstcorruptionworklevel,strengtheningonenterprisebusinesskeylinkofeffectivenessmonitored.,Andmaintainstability.Tofurtherstrengthenpublicityandeducation,improvetheoveralllegalsystem.Wemuststrengthensafetymanagement,establishandimprovetheeducation,supervision,andevaluationasoneofthetrafficsafetymanagementmechanism.　　ToconscientiouslysumuptheOlympicsecuritycontrols,promotingintegratedmanagementtoahigherlevel,higherstandards,ahigherlevelofdevelopment.Employees,todayislunarcalendaronDecember24,theoxBellisabouttoring,atthistimeofyear,weclearlyfeelthepulseoftheXXpowergenerationcompanytoflourish,tomoreclearlyhearXXpowergenerationcompaniesmatureandsymmetrybreathing.Recallingpastoneanotheracrossarailing,weareenthusiasticandfullofconfidence.Futuredevelopmentopportunities,wemoreexcitingfightmorespirited.　　Employees,letustogetheracross2013fullofchallengesandopportunities,tocreateagreen,low-costoperation,fullofhumanecareofaworld-classpowergenerationcompanyandworkhard!TheoccasionoftheSpringFestival,mysincerewishthatyouandthefamiliesofthestaffinthenewyear,goodhealth,happy,happy13 recoveryandtreatmentinatimelymanner.Atthetimeofconstruction,shouldbetakentopreventdustandmudspillleak,measuressuchasthesewageoutflow,vehiclesstainedwithdirt,constructionwastesomeonetocleanup,toavoidpollutingtheenvironment3.2nightarrangementsofnoiseemittedbyconstructionequipment,mixernoiseemittedbymachineryandequipmentnexttofoamfornoisecontroltopreventnoisepollutionofthesurroundingenvironment.3.3constructionmanagersandconstructionpersonnel,specialoperationspersonnellistingjobs,siteoperators,leaders,managers,operators,wearingahelmetisdividedintored,blueandyellowspecies.3.4siteconstructionandcompany"scomprehensiveevaluation,checkscorespublishedexaminationresultsissuedonaregularbasis.4,constructionsiteenvironmentalprotectionmeasuresinordertoprotectandimprovethelivingenvironmentandtheecologicalenvironment,preventconstructionandoperationofpollutionandnuisance,safeguardthehealthofresidentsandworkersneartheconstructionarea,promotingthedevelopmentofSocialistconstruction,environmentalprotectionmustbetheconstructionsite.4.1dailybytheDeputyProjectManager,construction,safetyofficerfortheafternoonthesecondcomprehensiveselftest,whereaviolationoftheprovisionsoftheenvironmentprotectioninconstructionsitemustbepromptlyidentifiedandcorrectiveaction,madebyconstructionworkersonthedayoftheconstructionofthelogonpostrecords.4.2monthlybytheDepartmentofprojectstobechecked,accordingtotheenvironmentalprotectioninconstructionsiteinspection,evaluationcriteriaforinspectionscore,fillinthescoresheetasthebasisforsiteevaluationofsafeproductionandcivilized.Duringtheinspection,donotmeettheenvironmentalrequirementsofthe"three"(people,time,andmeasures)modification,implementationandreviewreviewthedutiesspecified.4.34.3.1pollutionpreventionmeasuresinconstructionsitecleanuprubbish,usedmotorvehicleshipments,nofreeairdispersioncausedbydust.Constructionofrefusetobecleaneduptoadesignatedlocation,nofeelfreetopileup,cleanedupandwhenadequatewatertoreducedust.4.3.2earthmovingconstructionsiteentrancesandsetthecarwash,andarrangeforsomeonetocleanuptire,notwheeldirtintootherroads,affectingthecityclean.4.3.3constructionroadconstructionsitebeforeconstructionreadyplansandsetting,makefulluseofredlinelayout,arrangementoftemporaryconstructionroad,grass-rootsenergising,pavementpavingthewayCokebutton,fineaggregate,andwateratalltimes,reduceroaddust.4.3.4constructionwhentheprotectionofurbanpublicfacilitieshavebeenbuilt,reasonablearrangementswithinthelotofconstructionorganization,constructiononthenormallifeoftheresidentsandtominimizetheimpactofleisure.4.3.5easycloudoffinematerialWewillcontinuetoimprovethecompany"sinternalcontrolsystem,andsteadyimprovementinabilitytomanageandcontrol,optimizebusinessprocesses,toensuresmoothprocesses,responsibilitiesinplace;tofurtherstrengtheninternalcontrols,playacontrolpostindependentoversightroleofevaluationcomplyingwiththird-partyresponsibility;toactivelymakeuseofinternalaudittoolsdetectpotentialmanagement,streamline,standardizerelatedtransactions,strengtheningoperationsinaccordancewithlaw.Deepeningtheinformationmanagementtoensurefullcommunication"zeroresistance".　　ToconstantlyperfectERP,andBFS++,andPI,andMIS,andSCM,informationsystembasedconstruction,fullintegrationinformationsystem,achievedinformationresourcesshared;toexpandPortalsystemapplicationofbreadthanddepth,playinformationsystemonenterpriseofAssistantrole;toperfectdailyrunmaintenanceoperationofrecords,promoteproblemreasonsanalysisandsystemhandover;tostrengtheningBFS++,andERP,andSCM,technologyapplicationoftraining,improveemployeesapplicationinformationsystemofcapacityandlevel.Humanisticcaretoensure"zero."　　TostrengtheningHumanitiescare,continuestofostercompanywindclear,andgasare,andheartShunofcultureatmosphere;strengtheninglovehelpedtrapped,caredifficultemployees;carriedoutstyleactivities,richemployeeslife;strengtheninghealthandlabourprotection,organizationcareerhealthmedical,controlcareeragainst;continuestoimplementationpsychologicalwarningpreventionsystem,trainingemployeeshealthofcharacter,andstableofmoodandenterprisingofattitude,createdfriendlyfraternityofHumanitiesenvironment.Tostrengthenriskmanagement,ensurethatthebusinessof"zerorisk".Tostrengthenedbusinessplansmanagement,willbusinessbusinessplanscovertoalllevel,ensurethebusinesscancontrolincontrol;tocloseconcernfinancial,andcoalelectriclinkage,andenergy-savingscheduling,nationalpolicytrends,strengtheningtrack,activeshould;toimplementationState-ownedassetsmethod,furtherspecificationbusinessfinancialmanagement;toperfectrisktubecontrolsystem,achievedriskrecognition,andmeasure,andassessment,andreport,andcontrolfeedbackofclosedringmanagement,improveriskpreventioncapacity.　　Tofurtherstandardizetrading,andstrivetoachieve"accordingtolaw,standardizeandfair."Innovationofperformancemanagement,toensurethatpotentialemployees"zerofly".Tostrengthenperformancemanagement,processcontrol,enhanceemployeeevaluationandlevelsofeffectivecommunicationtoimproveperformancemanagement.Tofurtherquantifyandrefineemployeestandards...Work,fullplayparty,andbranch,andmembersin"fivetypeEnterprise"constructionintheofcorerole,andfightingfortressroleandpioneermodelrole;tocontinuestostrengthening"fourgood"leadershipconstruction,fullplaylevelscadresinenterprisedevelopmentinthe中隔墙及其支护Ⅰ、临时型钢支撑Ⅰ，左右两侧齐头应错开50米以上。2、双壁中部导洞2的开挖，施工该部初期支护Ⅱ、临时中隔墙及其支护Ⅱ、临时型钢支撑Ⅱ，左右两侧开挖齐头错开2d（d为跨度）。3、下部导洞3的开挖，施工该部初期支护Ⅲ，临时中隔墙及其支护Ⅲ。4、施工3部边墙基础仰拱钢筋混凝土。5、拆除临时中隔墙及其支护Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ。6、隧道拱部4的开挖，施工该部初期支护Ⅳ。7、核心5部的开挖。8、采用模板台车施工隧道拱墙全断面二次衬砌6（控制二次衬砌面与核心岩柱开挖面的距离）。9、隧道核心土7部的开挖。10、隧道仰拱8部开挖。11、隧道9部仰拱钢筋混凝土及仰拱填充。（四）施工方法及注意事项1、施工准备1.1熟悉设计图纸，调查收集工程环境、周边建、构筑物的基础资料。评估工程施工对周边环境、建筑物的影响及控制指标。1.2分析工程重点、难点及风险，制订详细的施工方案和措施，针对关键工序如爆破开挖、二次衬砌砼浇灌编制作业指导书。设计制作全断面整体式衬砌台车。1.3编制监测方案，在分析工程重点、难点及风险的基础上，针对性的选择关键部位、关键断面作为重点监测对象，根据工程风险及难度选择合适的监测项目、监测频率和监测密度。布置地表及周边建、构筑物的监测点，监测仪器。1.4编制测量方案，布置测量桩点，引入测量导线并完成施工测量准备。1.5准备施工队伍和设备，培训施工人员，组织所需设备、材料。2、开挖爆破2.1爆破方案设计原则2.1.1以地面建筑物基础底部（或地面）至爆源中心距离R为安全控制半径，借助于经验公式：Qm＝R3（Vkp/K）3/a，并以设计质点振动波速度限值作为控制标准，进行反算各部分所允许的单段用药量，并进行试爆试验，取得合理的爆破参数。2.1.2采用微台阶分部开挖，以创造多临空面条件，每部分又分多次爆破，控制爆破规模和循环进尺，以达到控制质点振动速度的目的。2.1.3炮眼按浅密原则布置，控制单眼装药量，使有限的装药量均匀地分布在被爆破体中，采用非电毫秒不对称起爆网路降低隧道爆破的地震动的强度。2.1.4上导洞1部掏槽眼位尽量布置在开挖部位的底部靠核心土一侧，以加大掏槽部爆源至地面建筑物基础底部（或地面）的距离，减小掏槽爆破对周围建筑物的震动影响。2.1.5上导洞1部及拱部4部开挖断面周边眼间均设直径为50mm的密排减震空眼，以作为减振和光爆导向眼。中导洞2、3部开挖时在两侧各预留1m的光爆层，增加了爆源至周围地面建筑物基础底部（或地面）的距离，同时降低爆破振动对核心岩石的破坏和临时支撑的破坏，保证上部支撑基础的稳定。2.1.6核心7部、仰拱8部的爆破以松动爆破为主，控制爆破飞石对衬砌台车及衬砌混凝土表面的破坏。2.1.7地面洞内均需配合爆破振动监测，及时调整钻爆参数，满足环境及施工要求。2.2减小爆破振动强度的方法recoveryandtreatmentinatimelymanner.Atthetimeofconstruction,shouldbetakentopreventdustandmudspillleak,measuressuchasthesewageoutflow,vehiclesstainedwithdirt,constructionwastesomeonetocleanup,toavoidpollutingtheenvironment3.2nightarrangementsofnoiseemittedbyconstructionequipment,mixernoiseemittedbymachineryandequipmentnexttofoamfornoisecontroltopreventnoisepollutionofthesurroundingenvironment.3.3constructionmanagersandconstructionpersonnel,specialoperationspersonnellistingjobs,siteoperators,leaders,managers,operators,wearingahelmetisdividedintored,blueandyellowspecies.3.4siteconstructionandcompany"scomprehensiveevaluation,checkscorespublishedexaminationresultsissuedonaregularbasis.4,constructionsiteenvironmentalprotectionmeasuresinordertoprotectandimprovethelivingenvironmentandtheecologicalenvironment,preventconstructionandoperationofpollutionandnuisance,safeguardthehealthofresidentsandworkersneartheconstructionarea,promotingthedevelopmentofSocialistconstruction,environmentalprotectionmustbetheconstructionsite.4.1dailybytheDeputyProjectManager,construction,safetyofficerfortheafternoonthesecondcomprehensiveselftest,whereaviolationoftheprovisionsoftheenvironmentprotectioninconstructionsitemustbepromptlyidentifiedandcorrectiveaction,madebyconstructionworkersonthedayoftheconstructionofthelogonpostrecords.4.2monthlybytheDepartmentofprojectstobechecked,accordingtotheenvironmentalprotectioninconstructionsiteinspection,evaluationcriteriaforinspectionscore,fillinthescoresheetasthebasisforsiteevaluationofsafeproductionandcivilized.Duringtheinspection,donotmeettheenvironmentalrequirementsofthe"three"(people,time,andmeasures)modification,implementationandreviewreviewthedutiesspecified.4.34.3.1pollutionpreventionmeasuresinconstructionsitecleanuprubbish,usedmotorvehicleshipments,nofreeairdispersioncausedbydust.Constructionofrefusetobecleaneduptoadesignatedlocation,nofeelfreetopileup,cleanedupandwhenadequatewatertoreducedust.4.3.2earthmovingconstructionsiteentrancesandsetthecarwash,andarrangeforsomeonetocleanuptire,notwheeldirtintootherroads,affectingthecityclean.4.3.3constructionroadconstructionsitebeforeconstructionreadyplansandsetting,makefulluseofredlinelayout,arrangementoftemporaryconstructionroad,grass-rootsenergising,pavementpavingthewayCokebutton,fineaggregate,andwateratalltimes,reduceroaddust.4.3.4constructionwhentheprotectionofurbanpublicfacilitieshavebeenbuilt,reasonablearrangementswithinthelotofconstructionorganization,constructiononthenormallifeoftheresidentsandtominimizetheimpactofleisure.4.3.5easycloudoffinematerialofbackbonebackbonerole;tofullstrengtheningmembersyouthwork,fullplayyouthemployeesincompanydevelopmentintheofforcerole;toimproveindependentCommissionagainstcorruptionworklevel,strengtheningonenterprisebusinesskeylinkofeffectivenessmonitored.,Andmaintainstability.Tofurtherstrengthenpublicityandeducation,improvetheoveralllegalsystem.Wemuststrengthensafetymanagement,establishandimprovetheeducation,supervision,andevaluationasoneofthetrafficsafetymanagementmechanism.　　ToconscientiouslysumuptheOlympicsecuritycontrols,promotingintegratedmanagementtoahigherlevel,higherstandards,ahigherlevelofdevelopment.Employees,todayislunarcalendaronDecember24,theoxBellisabouttoring,atthistimeofyear,weclearlyfeelthepulseoftheXXpowergenerationcompanytoflourish,tomoreclearlyhearXXpowergenerationcompaniesmatureandsymmetrybreathing.Recallingpastoneanotheracrossarailing,weareenthusiasticandfullofconfidence.Futuredevelopmentopportunities,wemoreexcitingfightmorespirited.　　Employees,letustogetheracross2013fullofchallengesandopportunities,tocreateagreen,low-costoperation,fullofhumanecareofaworld-classpowergenerationcompanyandworkhard!TheoccasionoftheSpringFestival,mysincerewishthatyouandthefamiliesofthestaffinthenewyear,goodhealth,happy,happy13 recoveryandtreatmentinatimelymanner.Atthetimeofconstruction,shouldbetakentopreventdustandmudspillleak,measuressuchasthesewageoutflow,vehiclesstainedwithdirt,constructionwastesomeonetocleanup,toavoidpollutingtheenvironment3.2nightarrangementsofnoiseemittedbyconstructionequipment,mixernoiseemittedbymachineryandequipmentnexttofoamfornoisecontroltopreventnoisepollutionofthesurroundingenvironment.3.3constructionmanagersandconstructionpersonnel,specialoperationspersonnellistingjobs,siteoperators,leaders,managers,operators,wearingahelmetisdividedintored,blueandyellowspecies.3.4siteconstructionandcompany"scomprehensiveevaluation,checkscorespublishedexaminationresultsissuedonaregularbasis.4,constructionsiteenvironmentalprotectionmeasuresinordertoprotectandimprovethelivingenvironmentandtheecologicalenvironment,preventconstructionandoperationofpollutionandnuisance,safeguardthehealthofresidentsandworkersneartheconstructionarea,promotingthedevelopmentofSocialistconstruction,environmentalprotectionmustbetheconstructionsite.4.1dailybytheDeputyProjectManager,construction,safetyofficerfortheafternoonthesecondcomprehensiveselftest,whereaviolationoftheprovisionsoftheenvironmentprotectioninconstructionsitemustbepromptlyidentifiedandcorrectiveaction,madebyconstructionworkersonthedayoftheconstructionofthelogonpostrecords.4.2monthlybytheDepartmentofprojectstobechecked,accordingtotheenvironmentalprotectioninconstructionsiteinspection,evaluationcriteriaforinspectionscore,fillinthescoresheetasthebasisforsiteevaluationofsafeproductionandcivilized.Duringtheinspection,donotmeettheenvironmentalrequirementsofthe"three"(people,time,andmeasures)modification,implementationandreviewreviewthedutiesspecified.4.34.3.1pollutionpreventionmeasuresinconstructionsitecleanuprubbish,usedmotorvehicleshipments,nofreeairdispersioncausedbydust.Constructionofrefusetobecleaneduptoadesignatedlocation,nofeelfreetopileup,cleanedupandwhenadequatewatertoreducedust.4.3.2earthmovingconstructionsiteentrancesandsetthecarwash,andarrangeforsomeonetocleanuptire,notwheeldirtintootherroads,affectingthecityclean.4.3.3constructionroadconstructionsitebeforeconstructionreadyplansandsetting,makefulluseofredlinelayout,arrangementoftemporaryconstructionroad,grass-rootsenergising,pavementpavingthewayCokebutton,fineaggregate,andwateratalltimes,reduceroaddust.4.3.4constructionwhentheprotectionofurbanpublicfacilitieshavebeenbuilt,reasonablearrangementswithinthelotofconstructionorganization,constructiononthenormallifeoftheresidentsandtominimizetheimpactofleisure.4.3.5easycloudoffinematerialWewillcontinuetoimprovethecompany"sinternalcontrolsystem,andsteadyimprovementinabilitytomanageandcontrol,optimizebusinessprocesses,toensuresmoothprocesses,responsibilitiesinplace;tofurtherstrengtheninternalcontrols,playacontrolpostindependentoversightroleofevaluationcomplyingwiththird-partyresponsibility;toactivelymakeuseofinternalaudittoolsdetectpotentialmanagement,streamline,standardizerelatedtransactions,strengtheningoperationsinaccordancewithlaw.Deepeningtheinformationmanagementtoensurefullcommunication"zeroresistance".　　ToconstantlyperfectERP,andBFS++,andPI,andMIS,andSCM,informationsystembasedconstruction,fullintegrationinformationsystem,achievedinformationresourcesshared;toexpandPortalsystemapplicationofbreadthanddepth,playinformationsystemonenterpriseofAssistantrole;toperfectdailyrunmaintenanceoperationofrecords,promoteproblemreasonsanalysisandsystemhandover;tostrengtheningBFS++,andERP,andSCM,technologyapplicationoftraining,improveemployeesapplicationinformationsystemofcapacityandlevel.Humanisticcaretoensure"zero."　　TostrengtheningHumanitiescare,continuestofostercompanywindclear,andgasare,andheartShunofcultureatmosphere;strengtheninglovehelpedtrapped,caredifficultemployees;carriedoutstyleactivities,richemployeeslife;strengtheninghealthandlabourprotection,organizationcareerhealthmedical,controlcareeragainst;continuestoimplementationpsychologicalwarningpreventionsystem,trainingemployeeshealthofcharacter,andstableofmoodandenterprisingofattitude,createdfriendlyfraternityofHumanitiesenvironment.Tostrengthenriskmanagement,ensurethatthebusinessof"zerorisk".Tostrengthenedbusinessplansmanagement,willbusinessbusinessplanscovertoalllevel,ensurethebusinesscancontrolincontrol;tocloseconcernfinancial,andcoalelectriclinkage,andenergy-savingscheduling,nationalpolicytrends,strengtheningtrack,activeshould;toimplementationState-ownedassetsmethod,furtherspecificationbusinessfinancialmanagement;toperfectrisktubecontrolsystem,achievedriskrecognition,andmeasure,andassessment,andreport,andcontrolfeedbackofclosedringmanagement,improveriskpreventioncapacity.　　Tofurtherstandardizetrading,andstrivetoachieve"accordingtolaw,standardizeandfair."Innovationofperformancemanagement,toensurethatpotentialemployees"zerofly".Tostrengthenperformancemanagement,processcontrol,enhanceemployeeevaluationandlevelsofeffectivecommunicationtoimproveperformancemanagement.Tofurtherquantifyandrefineemployeestandards...Work,fullplayparty,andbranch,andmembersin"fivetypeEnterprise"constructionintheofcorerole,andfightingfortressroleandpioneermodelrole;tocontinuestostrengthening"fourgood"leadershipconstruction,fullplaylevelscadresinenterprisedevelopmentinthe在许多座隧道进行的爆破振动观测表明：光面爆破与普通爆破法相比可收到保护围岩、减小爆破振动效果的效果，质点振速可减小14%左右。此外，必要时可采用低爆速炸药、开挖面增打减振孔、预留光爆层、非电毫秒不对称起爆网路技术等综合减振措施的减轻爆破地震动。2.3预留光爆层确保施工安全的方法侧壁中导洞2部的开挖是在1部爆破开挖后初期支护及临时支护施工完毕的前提下施工的，1部初期支护的格栅拱脚及底部是支撑在2部的开挖面岩石的顶面，若2部的光爆层随中间拉槽一起爆破施工，势必将造成1部初期支护的格栅拱脚及临时型钢支撑底部同时悬空，若下部的格栅拱及临时型钢支撑不能及时接上，喷混凝土不能及时封闭岩面和格栅拱，整个支护体系受到破坏，将对整个隧道施工安全构成威胁。如果采用拉中槽两侧预留光爆层的施工方法，拉中槽超前，两侧预留光爆层左右交替爆破施工，这样不仅可以降低爆破震动强度，避免上部格栅拱脚及临时型钢支撑底部同时悬空，下部的格栅拱及临时型钢支撑能及时接上，及时喷混凝土封闭岩面和格栅拱，整个支护体系形成封闭环。确保开挖稳定，有利于控制隧道超欠挖。侧壁下导洞3的开挖方法与侧壁中导洞2部的开挖方法相同。2.4爆破参数的选择爆破参数的确定采用理论计算方法、工程类比法与现场试爆相结合，在保证爆破振动速度符合安全规定的前提下，提高隧道开挖成型质量和施工进度。2.4.1炮眼深度L爆破设计的炮眼深度主要受爆破地震动强度控制，设计炮眼深度根据爆破部位不同和控制标准经计算后确定。一般为1～2.0m。2.4.2炮眼数目N炮眼直径采用φ42mm，每次开挖面积约为36～50m2，单位面积钻眼数为1.5个（未包括光面爆破炮眼）。2.4.3炮眼布置2.4.3.1周边炮眼采用经验公式和工程类比法确定：间距：E=（8～12）d（d为炮眼直径），抵抗线：W=（1.0～1.5）E，装药集中度：q=0.1～0.15kg/m。2.4.3.2掏槽眼掏槽眼布置主要应用于侧壁导洞1部。侧壁导洞1部开挖只有1个临空面，爆破施工的关键是减小爆破振动速度，保证开挖面与周围建筑物之间岩柱的稳定。在对隧道爆破的质点振动速度观测中发现，一般掏槽爆破在整个断面爆破中往往产生最大的地震动强度。因为掏槽爆破只有一个临空面，需用最大的装药密度来破碎和抛掷这部分岩石，为随后爆破的炮眼提供第二临空面之故。如果对掏槽区多加注意，能在最初就提供第二临空面，便可显著地降低掏槽爆破的地震动强度。因此，从掏槽效果及减小地震动强度等方面的综合考虑，采用空眼双层复式楔形混合掏槽。2.4.3.3掘进炮眼炮眼深度L：为降低爆破地震动强度，循环进尺根据开挖部位不同来确定，掘进炮眼深度取L根据循环进尺来确定。确定抵抗线W：抵抗线通常均小于炮眼深度，否则各个炮眼将成为各自独立的漏斗爆破，达不到理想的爆破效果。当炮眼直径在35～42mm的范围内时，抵抗线W与炮眼深度有如下关系式：W＝（15～25）d或W＝（0.3～0.6）d(L)在坚硬难爆的岩体中，或炮眼较深时，应取较小的系数，反之则取较大的系数。2.4.4单眼装药量的计算recoveryandtreatmentinatimelymanner.Atthetimeofconstruction,shouldbetakentopreventdustandmudspillleak,measuressuchasthesewageoutflow,vehiclesstainedwithdirt,constructionwastesomeonetocleanup,toavoidpollutingtheenvironment3.2nightarrangementsofnoiseemittedbyconstructionequipment,mixernoiseemittedbymachineryandequipmentnexttofoamfornoisecontroltopreventnoisepollutionofthesurroundingenvironment.3.3constructionmanagersandconstructionpersonnel,specialoperationspersonnellistingjobs,siteoperators,leaders,managers,operators,wearingahelmetisdividedintored,blueandyellowspecies.3.4siteconstructionandcompany"scomprehensiveevaluation,checkscorespublishedexaminationresultsissuedonaregularbasis.4,constructionsiteenvironmentalprotectionmeasuresinordertoprotectandimprovethelivingenvironmentandtheecologicalenvironment,preventconstructionandoperationofpollutionandnuisance,safeguardthehealthofresidentsandworkersneartheconstructionarea,promotingthedevelopmentofSocialistconstruction,environmentalprotectionmustbetheconstructionsite.4.1dailybytheDeputyProjectManager,construction,safetyofficerfortheafternoonthesecondcomprehensiveselftest,whereaviolationoftheprovisionsoftheenvironmentprotectioninconstructionsitemustbepromptlyidentifiedandcorrectiveaction,madebyconstructionworkersonthedayoftheconstructionofthelogonpostrecords.4.2monthlybytheDepartmentofprojectstobechecked,accordingtotheenvironmentalprotectioninconstructionsiteinspection,evaluationcriteriaforinspectionscore,fillinthescoresheetasthebasisforsiteevaluationofsafeproductionandcivilized.Duringtheinspection,donotmeettheenvironmentalrequirementsofthe"three"(people,time,andmeasures)modification,implementationandreviewreviewthedutiesspecified.4.34.3.1pollutionpreventionmeasuresinconstructionsitecleanuprubbish,usedmotorvehicleshipments,nofreeairdispersioncausedbydust.Constructionofrefusetobecleaneduptoadesignatedlocation,nofeelfreetopileup,cleanedupandwhenadequatewatertoreducedust.4.3.2earthmovingconstructionsiteentrancesandsetthecarwash,andarrangeforsomeonetocleanuptire,notwheeldirtintootherroads,affectingthecityclean.4.3.3constructionroadconstructionsitebeforeconstructionreadyplansandsetting,makefulluseofredlinelayout,arrangementoftemporaryconstructionroad,grass-rootsenergising,pavementpavingthewayCokebutton,fineaggregate,andwateratalltimes,reduceroaddust.4.3.4constructionwhentheprotectionofurbanpublicfacilitieshavebeenbuilt,reasonablearrangementswithinthelotofconstructionorganization,constructiononthenormallifeoftheresidentsandtominimizetheimpactofleisure.4.3.5easycloudoffinematerialofbackbonebackbonerole;tofullstrengtheningmembersyouthwork,fullplayyouthemployeesincompanydevelopmentintheofforcerole;toimproveindependentCommissionagainstcorruptionworklevel,strengtheningonenterprisebusinesskeylinkofeffectivenessmonitored.,Andmaintainstability.Tofurtherstrengthenpublicityandeducation,improvetheoveralllegalsystem.Wemuststrengthensafetymanagement,establishandimprovetheeducation,supervision,andevaluationasoneofthetrafficsafetymanagementmechanism.　　ToconscientiouslysumuptheOlympicsecuritycontrols,promotingintegratedmanagementtoahigherlevel,higherstandards,ahigherlevelofdevelopment.Employees,todayislunarcalendaronDecember24,theoxBellisabouttoring,atthistimeofyear,weclearlyfeelthepulseoftheXXpowergenerationcompanytoflourish,tomoreclearlyhearXXpowergenerationcompaniesmatureandsymmetrybreathing.Recallingpastoneanotheracrossarailing,weareenthusiasticandfullofconfidence.Futuredevelopmentopportunities,wemoreexcitingfightmorespirited.　　Employees,letustogetheracross2013fullofchallengesandopportunities,tocreateagreen,low-costoperation,fullofhumanecareofaworld-classpowergenerationcompanyandworkhard!TheoccasionoftheSpringFestival,mysincerewishthatyouandthefamiliesofthestaffinthenewyear,goodhealth,happy,happy13 recoveryandtreatmentinatimelymanner.Atthetimeofconstruction,shouldbetakentopreventdustandmudspillleak,measuressuchasthesewageoutflow,vehiclesstainedwithdirt,constructionwastesomeonetocleanup,toavoidpollutingtheenvironment3.2nightarrangementsofnoiseemittedbyconstructionequipment,mixernoiseemittedbymachineryandequipmentnexttofoamfornoisecontroltopreventnoisepollutionofthesurroundingenvironment.3.3constructionmanagersandconstructionpersonnel,specialoperationspersonnellistingjobs,siteoperators,leaders,managers,operators,wearingahelmetisdividedintored,blueandyellowspecies.3.4siteconstructionandcompany"scomprehensiveevaluation,checkscorespublishedexaminationresultsissuedonaregularbasis.4,constructionsiteenvironmentalprotectionmeasuresinordertoprotectandimprovethelivingenvironmentandtheecologicalenvironment,preventconstructionandoperationofpollutionandnuisance,safeguardthehealthofresidentsandworkersneartheconstructionarea,promotingthedevelopmentofSocialistconstruction,environmentalprotectionmustbetheconstructionsite.4.1dailybytheDeputyProjectManager,construction,safetyofficerfortheafternoonthesecondcomprehensiveselftest,whereaviolationoftheprovisionsoftheenvironmentprotectioninconstructionsitemustbepromptlyidentifiedandcorrectiveaction,madebyconstructionworkersonthedayoftheconstructionofthelogonpostrecords.4.2monthlybytheDepartmentofprojectstobechecked,accordingtotheenvironmentalprotectioninconstructionsiteinspection,evaluationcriteriaforinspectionscore,fillinthescoresheetasthebasisforsiteevaluationofsafeproductionandcivilized.Duringtheinspection,donotmeettheenvironmentalrequirementsofthe"three"(people,time,andmeasures)modification,implementationandreviewreviewthedutiesspecified.4.34.3.1pollutionpreventionmeasuresinconstructionsitecleanuprubbish,usedmotorvehicleshipments,nofreeairdispersioncausedbydust.Constructionofrefusetobecleaneduptoadesignatedlocation,nofeelfreetopileup,cleanedupandwhenadequatewatertoreducedust.4.3.2earthmovingconstructionsiteentrancesandsetthecarwash,andarrangeforsomeonetocleanuptire,notwheeldirtintootherroads,affectingthecityclean.4.3.3constructionroadconstructionsitebeforeconstructionreadyplansandsetting,makefulluseofredlinelayout,arrangementoftemporaryconstructionroad,grass-rootsenergising,pavementpavingthewayCokebutton,fineaggregate,andwateratalltimes,reduceroaddust.4.3.4constructionwhentheprotectionofurbanpublicfacilitieshavebeenbuilt,reasonablearrangementswithinthelotofconstructionorganization,constructiononthenormallifeoftheresidentsandtominimizetheimpactofleisure.4.3.5easycloudoffinematerialWewillcontinuetoimprovethecompany"sinternalcontrolsystem,andsteadyimprovementinabilitytomanageandcontrol,optimizebusinessprocesses,toensuresmoothprocesses,responsibilitiesinplace;tofurtherstrengtheninternalcontrols,playacontrolpostindependentoversightroleofevaluationcomplyingwiththird-partyresponsibility;toactivelymakeuseofinternalaudittoolsdetectpotentialmanagement,streamline,standardizerelatedtransactions,strengtheningoperationsinaccordancewithlaw.Deepeningtheinformationmanagementtoensurefullcommunication"zeroresistance".　　ToconstantlyperfectERP,andBFS++,andPI,andMIS,andSCM,informationsystembasedconstruction,fullintegrationinformationsystem,achievedinformationresourcesshared;toexpandPortalsystemapplicationofbreadthanddepth,playinformationsystemonenterpriseofAssistantrole;toperfectdailyrunmaintenanceoperationofrecords,promoteproblemreasonsanalysisandsystemhandover;tostrengtheningBFS++,andERP,andSCM,technologyapplicationoftraining,improveemployeesapplicationinformationsystemofcapacityandlevel.Humanisticcaretoensure"zero."　　TostrengtheningHumanitiescare,continuestofostercompanywindclear,andgasare,andheartShunofcultureatmosphere;strengtheninglovehelpedtrapped,caredifficultemployees;carriedoutstyleactivities,richemployeeslife;strengtheninghealthandlabourprotection,organizationcareerhealthmedical,controlcareeragainst;continuestoimplementationpsychologicalwarningpreventionsystem,trainingemployeeshealthofcharacter,andstableofmoodandenterprisingofattitude,createdfriendlyfraternityofHumanitiesenvironment.Tostrengthenriskmanagement,ensurethatthebusinessof"zerorisk".Tostrengthenedbusinessplansmanagement,willbusinessbusinessplanscovertoalllevel,ensurethebusinesscancontrolincontrol;tocloseconcernfinancial,andcoalelectriclinkage,andenergy-savingscheduling,nationalpolicytrends,strengtheningtrack,activeshould;toimplementationState-ownedassetsmethod,furtherspecificationbusinessfinancialmanagement;toperfectrisktubecontrolsystem,achievedriskrecognition,andmeasure,andassessment,andreport,andcontrolfeedbackofclosedringmanagement,improveriskpreventioncapacity.　　Tofurtherstandardizetrading,andstrivetoachieve"accordingtolaw,standardizeandfair."Innovationofperformancemanagement,toensurethatpotentialemployees"zerofly".Tostrengthenperformancemanagement,processcontrol,enhanceemployeeevaluationandlevelsofeffectivecommunicationtoimproveperformancemanagement.Tofurtherquantifyandrefineemployeestandards...Work,fullplayparty,andbranch,andmembersin"fivetypeEnterprise"constructionintheofcorerole,andfightingfortressroleandpioneermodelrole;tocontinuestostrengthening"fourgood"leadershipconstruction,fullplaylevelscadresinenterprisedevelopmentinthe隧道爆破，炮眼所在的部位不同，所起的作用是不同的。掏槽眼要求抛掷；掘进眼只要求松动，而在掏槽部位的两侧与其上、下部位各部分的炮眼要求又不一样，侧部要求松动，上部要求弱松动，下部要求加强松动，周边眼则要求光面爆破，底板眼则要求用抛掷爆破的药量，否则可能底板爆破失败。所以各部位炮眼的装药量是不同的。周边眼装药参数在上面已确定。其它炮眼的装药量均可按以下公式计算：q=k×a×w×L×λ(kg)式中q-----单眼装药量（kg）；k-----炸药单耗（kg/m3）；a-----炮眼间距（m）；w-----炮眼爆破方向的抵抗线（m）；L-----炮眼深度（m）；λ-----炮眼部位系数（参照表1选取）。表1中硬岩隧道炮眼部位系数炮眼部位掏槽眼炮扩槽炮眼掘进槽下掘进槽侧掘进槽上内圈炮眼二台炮眼底板炮眼λ值1.5～21.0～1.21.0～1.210.8～1.00.5～0.81.2～1.51.5～2.02.4.5炮眼堵塞堵塞作用使炸药在受约束条件下作充分爆炸应力提高能量利用率，因此堵塞长度不小于20cm，堵塞材料采用炮泥（组分：砂：粘土：水=3：1：1）。堵塞质量要求密实，不能有空隙和间断。2.4.6爆破器材的选择根据微振爆破的特点及爆破部位的不同，选用不同的爆破器材炸药：在无水地段，采用二号岩石硝铵炸药；在有水地段，采用乳化炸药，周边炮眼采用小药卷，直径φ25mm，其它炮眼采标准药卷φ32mm（乳化）、φ35mm（销铵）。雷管：孔外采用火雷管起爆，连接件及孔内均采用非电毫秒微差雷管（1～15段）。导火索及导爆索：火管雷采用导火索引爆，周边炮眼间隔装药采用传爆线传爆。2.4.7装药结构隧道爆破炮眼中的炸药采用正向或反向起爆，其装药结构参见图3。实验结果表明，仅装瞬发雷管的炮眼应该采用正向起爆，其它炮眼采用反向起爆。即掏槽眼的首段采用正向起爆，这样可得到较好的岩碴块度。周边眼采用间隔不偶合装药形式，为保证每个周边眼内炸药同时起爆须使用导爆索连结各药卷。图3隧道爆破装药结构示意图2.5爆破注意事项2.5.1采用非电不对称起爆网络技术起爆联线时，要确保起爆顺序和每一炮孔都能起爆；2.5.2选择合理的段间隔时间，以杜绝爆破震动波的叠加，一般选择段间隔100ms以上，最小不小于75ms。2.5.3围岩强度不同，产状不同，爆破效果已不一样，爆破震动强度也不一样，施工时需进行爆轰试验，取得可靠合理的爆破参数。爆破震动安全检算采用公式为：Qm＝K/R3（Vkp/K）3/arecoveryandtreatmentinatimelymanner.Atthetimeofconstruction,shouldbetakentopreventdustandmudspillleak,measuressuchasthesewageoutflow,vehiclesstainedwithdirt,constructionwastesomeonetocleanup,toavoidpollutingtheenvironment3.2nightarrangementsofnoiseemittedbyconstructionequipment,mixernoiseemittedbymachineryandequipmentnexttofoamfornoisecontroltopreventnoisepollutionofthesurroundingenvironment.3.3constructionmanagersandconstructionpersonnel,specialoperationspersonnellistingjobs,siteoperators,leaders,managers,operators,wearingahelmetisdividedintored,blueandyellowspecies.3.4siteconstructionandcompany"scomprehensiveevaluation,checkscorespublishedexaminationresultsissuedonaregularbasis.4,constructionsiteenvironmentalprotectionmeasuresinordertoprotectandimprovethelivingenvironmentandtheecologicalenvironment,preventconstructionandoperationofpollutionandnuisance,safeguardthehealthofresidentsandworkersneartheconstructionarea,promotingthedevelopmentofSocialistconstruction,environmentalprotectionmustbetheconstructionsite.4.1dailybytheDeputyProjectManager,construction,safetyofficerfortheafternoonthesecondcomprehensiveselftest,whereaviolationoftheprovisionsoftheenvironmentprotectioninconstructionsitemustbepromptlyidentifiedandcorrectiveaction,madebyconstructionworkersonthedayoftheconstructionofthelogonpostrecords.4.2monthlybytheDepartmentofprojectstobechecked,accordingtotheenvironmentalprotectioninconstructionsiteinspection,evaluationcriteriaforinspectionscore,fillinthescoresheetasthebasisforsiteevaluationofsafeproductionandcivilized.Duringtheinspection,donotmeettheenvironmentalrequirementsofthe"three"(people,time,andmeasures)modification,implementationandreviewreviewthedutiesspecified.4.34.3.1pollutionpreventionmeasuresinconstructionsitecleanuprubbish,usedmotorvehicleshipments,nofreeairdispersioncausedbydust.Constructionofrefusetobecleaneduptoadesignatedlocation,nofeelfreetopileup,cleanedupandwhenadequatewatertoreducedust.4.3.2earthmovingconstructionsiteentrancesandsetthecarwash,andarrangeforsomeonetocleanuptire,notwheeldirtintootherroads,affectingthecityclean.4.3.3constructionroadconstructionsitebeforeconstructionreadyplansandsetting,makefulluseofredlinelayout,arrangementoftemporaryconstructionroad,grass-rootsenergising,pavementpavingthewayCokebutton,fineaggregate,andwateratalltimes,reduceroaddust.4.3.4constructionwhentheprotectionofurbanpublicfacilitieshavebeenbuilt,reasonablearrangementswithinthelotofconstructionorganization,constructiononthenormallifeoftheresidentsandtominimizetheimpactofleisure.4.3.5easycloudoffinematerialofbackbonebackbonerole;tofullstrengtheningmembersyouthwork,fullplayyouthemployeesincompanydevelopmentintheofforcerole;toimproveindependentCommissionagainstcorruptionworklevel,strengtheningonenterprisebusinesskeylinkofeffectivenessmonitored.,Andmaintainstability.Tofurtherstrengthenpublicityandeducation,improvetheoveralllegalsystem.Wemuststrengthensafetymanagement,establishandimprovetheeducation,supervision,andevaluationasoneofthetrafficsafetymanagementmechanism.　　ToconscientiouslysumuptheOlympicsecuritycontrols,promotingintegratedmanagementtoahigherlevel,higherstandards,ahigherlevelofdevelopment.Employees,todayislunarcalendaronDecember24,theoxBellisabouttoring,atthistimeofyear,weclearlyfeelthepulseoftheXXpowergenerationcompanytoflourish,tomoreclearlyhearXXpowergenerationcompaniesmatureandsymmetrybreathing.Recallingpastoneanotheracrossarailing,weareenthusiasticandfullofconfidence.Futuredevelopmentopportunities,wemoreexcitingfightmorespirited.　　Employees,letustogetheracross2013fullofchallengesandopportunities,tocreateagreen,low-costoperation,fullofhumanecareofaworld-classpowergenerationcompanyandworkhard!TheoccasionoftheSpringFestival,mysincerewishthatyouandthefamiliesofthestaffinthenewyear,goodhealth,happy,happy13 recoveryandtreatmentinatimelymanner.Atthetimeofconstruction,shouldbetakentopreventdustandmudspillleak,measuressuchasthesewageoutflow,vehiclesstainedwithdirt,constructionwastesomeonetocleanup,toavoidpollutingtheenvironment3.2nightarrangementsofnoiseemittedbyconstructionequipment,mixernoiseemittedbymachineryandequipmentnexttofoamfornoisecontroltopreventnoisepollutionofthesurroundingenvironment.3.3constructionmanagersandconstructionpersonnel,specialoperationspersonnellistingjobs,siteoperators,leaders,managers,operators,wearingahelmetisdividedintored,blueandyellowspecies.3.4siteconstructionandcompany"scomprehensiveevaluation,checkscorespublishedexaminationresultsissuedonaregularbasis.4,constructionsiteenvironmentalprotectionmeasuresinordertoprotectandimprovethelivingenvironmentandtheecologicalenvironment,preventconstructionandoperationofpollutionandnuisance,safeguardthehealthofresidentsandworkersneartheconstructionarea,promotingthedevelopmentofSocialistconstruction,environmentalprotectionmustbetheconstructionsite.4.1dailybytheDeputyProjectManager,construction,safetyofficerfortheafternoonthesecondcomprehensiveselftest,whereaviolationoftheprovisionsoftheenvironmentprotectioninconstructionsitemustbepromptlyidentifiedandcorrectiveaction,madebyconstructionworkersonthedayoftheconstructionofthelogonpostrecords.4.2monthlybytheDepartmentofprojectstobechecked,accordingtotheenvironmentalprotectioninconstructionsiteinspection,evaluationcriteriaforinspectionscore,fillinthescoresheetasthebasisforsiteevaluationofsafeproductionandcivilized.Duringtheinspection,donotmeettheenvironmentalrequirementsofthe"three"(people,time,andmeasures)modification,implementationandreviewreviewthedutiesspecified.4.34.3.1pollutionpreventionmeasuresinconstructionsitecleanuprubbish,usedmotorvehicleshipments,nofreeairdispersioncausedbydust.Constructionofrefusetobecleaneduptoadesignatedlocation,nofeelfreetopileup,cleanedupandwhenadequatewatertoreducedust.4.3.2earthmovingconstructionsiteentrancesandsetthecarwash,andarrangeforsomeonetocleanuptire,notwheeldirtintootherroads,affectingthecityclean.4.3.3constructionroadconstructionsitebeforeconstructionreadyplansandsetting,makefulluseofredlinelayout,arrangementoftemporaryconstructionroad,grass-rootsenergising,pavementpavingthewayCokebutton,fineaggregate,andwateratalltimes,reduceroaddust.4.3.4constructionwhentheprotectionofurbanpublicfacilitieshavebeenbuilt,reasonablearrangementswithinthelotofconstructionorganization,constructiononthenormallifeoftheresidentsandtominimizetheimpactofleisure.4.3.5easycloudoffinematerialWewillcontinuetoimprovethecompany"sinternalcontrolsystem,andsteadyimprovementinabilitytomanageandcontrol,optimizebusinessprocesses,toensuresmoothprocesses,responsibilitiesinplace;tofurtherstrengtheninternalcontrols,playacontrolpostindependentoversightroleofevaluationcomplyingwiththird-partyresponsibility;toactivelymakeuseofinternalaudittoolsdetectpotentialmanagement,streamline,standardizerelatedtransactions,strengtheningoperationsinaccordancewithlaw.Deepeningtheinformationmanagementtoensurefullcommunication"zeroresistance".　　ToconstantlyperfectERP,andBFS++,andPI,andMIS,andSCM,informationsystembasedconstruction,fullintegrationinformationsystem,achievedinformationresourcesshared;toexpandPortalsystemapplicationofbreadthanddepth,playinformationsystemonenterpriseofAssistantrole;toperfectdailyrunmaintenanceoperationofrecords,promoteproblemreasonsanalysisandsystemhandover;tostrengtheningBFS++,andERP,andSCM,technologyapplicationoftraining,improveemployeesapplicationinformationsystemofcapacityandlevel.Humanisticcaretoensure"zero."　　TostrengtheningHumanitiescare,continuestofostercompanywindclear,andgasare,andheartShunofcultureatmosphere;strengtheninglovehelpedtrapped,caredifficultemployees;carriedoutstyleactivities,richemployeeslife;strengtheninghealthandlabourprotection,organizationcareerhealthmedical,controlcareeragainst;continuestoimplementationpsychologicalwarningpreventionsystem,trainingemployeeshealthofcharacter,andstableofmoodandenterprisingofattitude,createdfriendlyfraternityofHumanitiesenvironment.Tostrengthenriskmanagement,ensurethatthebusinessof"zerorisk".Tostrengthenedbusinessplansmanagement,willbusinessbusinessplanscovertoalllevel,ensurethebusinesscancontrolincontrol;tocloseconcernfinancial,andcoalelectriclinkage,andenergy-savingscheduling,nationalpolicytrends,strengtheningtrack,activeshould;toimplementationState-ownedassetsmethod,furtherspecificationbusinessfinancialmanagement;toperfectrisktubecontrolsystem,achievedriskrecognition,andmeasure,andassessment,andreport,andcontrolfeedbackofclosedringmanagement,improveriskpreventioncapacity.　　Tofurtherstandardizetrading,andstrivetoachieve"accordingtolaw,standardizeandfair."Innovationofperformancemanagement,toensurethatpotentialemployees"zerofly".Tostrengthenperformancemanagement,processcontrol,enhanceemployeeevaluationandlevelsofeffectivecommunicationtoimproveperformancemanagement.Tofurtherquantifyandrefineemployeestandards...Work,fullplayparty,andbranch,andmembersin"fivetypeEnterprise"constructionintheofcorerole,andfightingfortressroleandpioneermodelrole;tocontinuestostrengthening"fourgood"leadershipconstruction,fullplaylevelscadresinenterprisedevelopmentinthe式中Qm——最大一段允许用药量（kg）；Vkp——振动安全速度（cm/s）；R——爆源中心到振速控制点的距离（m）。K——与爆破技术、地震波传播途经介质的性质有关的系数，取160；a——爆破振动衰减系数，取1.8。K/——修正系数考虑不同的减振措施、不同的爆破临空面的数量、以及在爆破施工实践中的爆破振动衰减，修正系数K/参照表2选取。表2爆破振动衰减修正系数序号减振措施K/1中空眼减振1.05～1.152小直径炸药1.15～1.253增加临空面1.2～2.04周边密排空眼减震1.2～1.8爆破震动衰减系数随采取的减震措施而选取合理值，通过试爆确定。处理受喷面安设检测桩湿喷机输料管施工准备计量干搅拌2分钟湿搅拌3分钟运输/上料振动过筛湿喷机给料器湿喷机砼输送泵喷嘴受喷面机具清洗移位砂、石水泥、硅粉钢纤维水减水剂等自动计量掺入器速凝剂储存箱子高压风初喷复喷养护图4湿喷钢纤维混凝土施工工艺流程图湿喷机具就位机电检查3、初期支护施工3.1格栅拱制作与安装3.1.1格栅拱集中制作，现场安装；3.1.2制作过程中严格控制加工质量，其中连接钢板与钢筋连接的“T”型焊接部位是薄弱环节，加工过程中要重点检查；3.1.3单节格栅拱钢筋不宜搭接，必要时可以采取闪光对焊；3.1.4隧道断面大，格栅拱需分成好几段，因此在闭合成环时偏差大，应在闭合段加工调节端。3.2湿喷钢纤维混凝土施工3.2.1施工工艺流程（参见图4）3.2.2湿喷控制重点及关键技术3.2.2.1喷头控制是湿喷作业的重点，宜使用自动化机械手。喷头与受喷面的距离控制在1～2米，角度以90°最佳。喷射时喷头作顺时针旋转，一圈压半圈，纵向蛇行进行；3.2.2.2喷射时先补平坑洼低处。喷射时分段、分部、分层进行，并按初喷、复喷（间隔4～6小时）分两次进行，初喷时先拱后墙，复喷时先墙后拱；3.2.2.3喷射工作风压：大容量湿喷机为0.4～0.7Mpa，中小容量湿喷机在0.3～0.7Mpa，风压的大小与湿喷机型号关系密切，风压过小容易造成堵管；3.2.2.4一次喷层厚度：边墙为7～15cm，拱部厚度为5～8cm，后一层喷射应在前一层终凝后才进行；recoveryandtreatmentinatimelymanner.Atthetimeofconstruction,shouldbetakentopreventdustandmudspillleak,measuressuchasthesewageoutflow,vehiclesstainedwithdirt,constructionwastesomeonetocleanup,toavoidpollutingtheenvironment3.2nightarrangementsofnoiseemittedbyconstructionequipment,mixernoiseemittedbymachineryandequipmentnexttofoamfornoisecontroltopreventnoisepollutionofthesurroundingenvironment.3.3constructionmanagersandconstructionpersonnel,specialoperationspersonnellistingjobs,siteoperators,leaders,managers,operators,wearingahelmetisdividedintored,blueandyellowspecies.3.4siteconstructionandcompany"scomprehensiveevaluation,checkscorespublishedexaminationresultsissuedonaregularbasis.4,constructionsiteenvironmentalprotectionmeasuresinordertoprotectandimprovethelivingenvironmentandtheecologicalenvironment,preventconstructionandoperationofpollutionandnuisance,safeguardthehealthofresidentsandworkersneartheconstructionarea,promotingthedevelopmentofSocialistconstruction,environmentalprotectionmustbetheconstructionsite.4.1dailybytheDeputyProjectManager,construction,safetyofficerfortheafternoonthesecondcomprehensiveselftest,whereaviolationoftheprovisionsoftheenvironmentprotectioninconstructionsitemustbepromptlyidentifiedandcorrectiveaction,madebyconstructionworkersonthedayoftheconstructionofthelogonpostrecords.4.2monthlybytheDepartmentofprojectstobechecked,accordingtotheenvironmentalprotectioninconstructionsiteinspection,evaluationcriteriaforinspectionscore,fillinthescoresheetasthebasisforsiteevaluationofsafeproductionandcivilized.Duringtheinspection,donotmeettheenvironmentalrequirementsofthe"three"(people,time,andmeasures)modification,implementationandreviewreviewthedutiesspecified.4.34.3.1pollutionpreventionmeasuresinconstructionsitecleanuprubbish,usedmotorvehicleshipments,nofreeairdispersioncausedbydust.Constructionofrefusetobecleaneduptoadesignatedlocation,nofeelfreetopileup,cleanedupandwhenadequatewatertoreducedust.4.3.2earthmovingconstructionsiteentrancesandsetthecarwash,andarrangeforsomeonetocleanuptire,notwheeldirtintootherroads,affectingthecityclean.4.3.3constructionroadconstructionsitebeforeconstructionreadyplansandsetting,makefulluseofredlinelayout,arrangementoftemporaryconstructionroad,grass-rootsenergising,pavementpavingthewayCokebutton,fineaggregate,andwateratalltimes,reduceroaddust.4.3.4constructionwhentheprotectionofurbanpublicfacilitieshavebeenbuilt,reasonablearrangementswithinthelotofconstructionorganization,constructiononthenormallifeoftheresidentsandtominimizetheimpactofleisure.4.3.5easycloudoffinematerialofbackbonebackbonerole;tofullstrengtheningmembersyouthwork,fullplayyouthemployeesincompanydevelopmentintheofforcerole;toimproveindependentCommissionagainstcorruptionworklevel,strengtheningonenterprisebusinesskeylinkofeffectivenessmonitored.,Andmaintainstability.Tofurtherstrengthenpublicityandeducation,improvetheoveralllegalsystem.Wemuststrengthensafetymanagement,establishandimprovetheeducation,supervision,andevaluationasoneofthetrafficsafetymanagementmechanism.　　ToconscientiouslysumuptheOlympicsecuritycontrols,promotingintegratedmanagementtoahigherlevel,higherstandards,ahigherlevelofdevelopment.Employees,todayislunarcalendaronDecember24,theoxBellisabouttoring,atthistimeofyear,weclearlyfeelthepulseoftheXXpowergenerationcompanytoflourish,tomoreclearlyhearXXpowergenerationcompaniesmatureandsymmetrybreathing.Recallingpastoneanotheracrossarailing,weareenthusiasticandfullofconfidence.Futuredevelopmentopportunities,wemoreexcitingfightmorespirited.　　Employees,letustogetheracross2013fullofchallengesandopportunities,tocreateagreen,low-costoperation,fullofhumanecareofaworld-classpowergenerationcompanyandworkhard!TheoccasionoftheSpringFestival,mysincerewishthatyouandthefamiliesofthestaffinthenewyear,goodhealth,happy,happy13 recoveryandtreatmentinatimelymanner.Atthetimeofconstruction,shouldbetakentopreventdustandmudspillleak,measuressuchasthesewageoutflow,vehiclesstainedwithdirt,constructionwastesomeonetocleanup,toavoidpollutingtheenvironment3.2nightarrangementsofnoiseemittedbyconstructionequipment,mixernoiseemittedbymachineryandequipmentnexttofoamfornoisecontroltopreventnoisepollutionofthesurroundingenvironment.3.3constructionmanagersandconstructionpersonnel,specialoperationspersonnellistingjobs,siteoperators,leaders,managers,operators,wearingahelmetisdividedintored,blueandyellowspecies.3.4siteconstructionandcompany"scomprehensiveevaluation,checkscorespublishedexaminationresultsissuedonaregularbasis.4,constructionsiteenvironmentalprotectionmeasuresinordertoprotectandimprovethelivingenvironmentandtheecologicalenvironment,preventconstructionandoperationofpollutionandnuisance,safeguardthehealthofresidentsandworkersneartheconstructionarea,promotingthedevelopmentofSocialistconstruction,environmentalprotectionmustbetheconstructionsite.4.1dailybytheDeputyProjectManager,construction,safetyofficerfortheafternoonthesecondcomprehensiveselftest,whereaviolationoftheprovisionsoftheenvironmentprotectioninconstructionsitemustbepromptlyidentifiedandcorrectiveaction,madebyconstructionworkersonthedayoftheconstructionofthelogonpostrecords.4.2monthlybytheDepartmentofprojectstobechecked,accordingtotheenvironmentalprotectioninconstructionsiteinspection,evaluationcriteriaforinspectionscore,fillinthescoresheetasthebasisforsiteevaluationofsafeproductionandcivilized.Duringtheinspection,donotmeettheenvironmentalrequirementsofthe"three"(people,time,andmeasures)modification,implementationandreviewreviewthedutiesspecified.4.34.3.1pollutionpreventionmeasuresinconstructionsitecleanuprubbish,usedmotorvehicleshipments,nofreeairdispersioncausedbydust.Constructionofrefusetobecleaneduptoadesignatedlocation,nofeelfreetopileup,cleanedupandwhenadequatewatertoreducedust.4.3.2earthmovingconstructionsiteentrancesandsetthecarwash,andarrangeforsomeonetocleanuptire,notwheeldirtintootherroads,affectingthecityclean.4.3.3constructionroadconstructionsitebeforeconstructionreadyplansandsetting,makefulluseofredlinelayout,arrangementoftemporaryconstructionroad,grass-rootsenergising,pavementpavingthewayCokebutton,fineaggregate,andwateratalltimes,reduceroaddust.4.3.4constructionwhentheprotectionofurbanpublicfacilitieshavebeenbuilt,reasonablearrangementswithinthelotofconstructionorganization,constructiononthenormallifeoftheresidentsandtominimizetheimpactofleisure.4.3.5easycloudoffinematerialWewillcontinuetoimprovethecompany"sinternalcontrolsystem,andsteadyimprovementinabilitytomanageandcontrol,optimizebusinessprocesses,toensuresmoothprocesses,responsibilitiesinplace;tofurtherstrengtheninternalcontrols,playacontrolpostindependentoversightroleofevaluationcomplyingwiththird-partyresponsibility;toactivelymakeuseofinternalaudittoolsdetectpotentialmanagement,streamline,standardizerelatedtransactions,strengtheningoperationsinaccordancewithlaw.Deepeningtheinformationmanagementtoensurefullcommunication"zeroresistance".　　ToconstantlyperfectERP,andBFS++,andPI,andMIS,andSCM,informationsystembasedconstruction,fullintegrationinformationsystem,achievedinformationresourcesshared;toexpandPortalsystemapplicationofbreadthanddepth,playinformationsystemonenterpriseofAssistantrole;toperfectdailyrunmaintenanceoperationofrecords,promoteproblemreasonsanalysisandsystemhandover;tostrengtheningBFS++,andERP,andSCM,technologyapplicationoftraining,improveemployeesapplicationinformationsystemofcapacityandlevel.Humanisticcaretoensure"zero."　　TostrengtheningHumanitiescare,continuestofostercompanywindclear,andgasare,andheartShunofcultureatmosphere;strengtheninglovehelpedtrapped,caredifficultemployees;carriedoutstyleactivities,richemployeeslife;strengtheninghealthandlabourprotection,organizationcareerhealthmedical,controlcareeragainst;continuestoimplementationpsychologicalwarningpreventionsystem,trainingemployeeshealthofcharacter,andstableofmoodandenterprisingofattitude,createdfriendlyfraternityofHumanitiesenvironment.Tostrengthenriskmanagement,ensurethatthebusinessof"zerorisk".Tostrengthenedbusinessplansmanagement,willbusinessbusinessplanscovertoalllevel,ensurethebusinesscancontrolincontrol;tocloseconcernfinancial,andcoalelectriclinkage,andenergy-savingscheduling,nationalpolicytrends,strengtheningtrack,activeshould;toimplementationState-ownedassetsmethod,furtherspecificationbusinessfinancialmanagement;toperfectrisktubecontrolsystem,achievedriskrecognition,andmeasure,andassessment,andreport,andcontrolfeedbackofclosedringmanagement,improveriskpreventioncapacity.　　Tofurtherstandardizetrading,andstrivetoachieve"accordingtolaw,standardizeandfair."Innovationofperformancemanagement,toensurethatpotentialemployees"zerofly".Tostrengthenperformancemanagement,processcontrol,enhanceemployeeevaluationandlevelsofeffectivecommunicationtoimproveperformancemanagement.Tofurtherquantifyandrefineemployeestandards...Work,fullplayparty,andbranch,andmembersin"fivetypeEnterprise"constructionintheofcorerole,andfightingfortressroleandpioneermodelrole;tocontinuestostrengthening"fourgood"leadershipconstruction,fullplaylevelscadresinenterprisedevelopmentinthe3.2.2.5钢纤维掺入后容易造成堵管。因此，应严格筛选骨料，防止超径骨料混入，准确控制水灰比，保持正常风压，保持管路畅通。同时，钢纤维应在搅拌中达到均匀分布，不能有结块现象，必要时可先将钢纤维浸泡15分钟，单独搅拌至均匀散开后再掺入；3.2.2.6有渗漏水的部位，喷射前应遵循“堵、集、引、排”相结合的原则进行处理。4、二次衬砌施工4.1衬砌台车制作4.1.1台车采用自行液压组合门架式，即行走机构为两组涡轮涡杆减速器通过链传动驱动四对行走轮，升、拆模通过液压油缸操作，操纵机构为电气操纵；4.1.2台车长度以9～12m为宜。4.1.3台车在衬砌时最大的问题是稳定性，开挖时保留7、8部核心岩柱，衬砌时在顶横梁下增加2列共8个支撑千斤顶，一头支撑在核心岩柱上，一头支撑在台车门架横梁上，另一个措施是在门架立柱上增加横向支撑，一边支撑在门架立柱上，一边支撑在核心岩柱上，采取以上两项措施后，台车衬砌时的稳定性就大大提高了。4.1.4台车的升、脱模通过集中油泵供油，调节支撑千斤顶来完成的，在台车拱架拱肩与拱顶相接处左右各设一铰接点，脱模时，左右边墙支撑千斤顶收缩，边模与混凝土脱离，然后拱顶支撑三角架的千斤顶下降，顶模与混凝土分离，脱模完成，设计拱顶最大脱模高度20cm，边墙脱模高度15cm。4.1.5台车模板采用定型组合钢模板，以增加模板刚度。4.1.6模板上预留浇注孔，间距不大于2m。因断面大，拱顶上较平，拱顶上两侧各应增开1～2个刹尖孔。4.1.7衬砌台车制作可参见图5进行。图5衬砌台车制作示意图4.2衬砌台车的强度验算根据衬砌台车的结构设计参数及施工过程的工艺要求，需对设计的全断面衬砌台车进行结构强度及主要构件刚度验算。假定混凝土为流体，台车在每模混凝土浇注即将结束时受力最大，分别验算门架横梁、立柱、上纵梁、下纵梁、上部三角架、水平横撑等关键受力部位和构件的强度和刚度，计算理论变形。理论变形值以不大于2mm为宜。recoveryandtreatmentinatimelymanner.Atthetimeofconstruction,shouldbetakentopreventdustandmudspillleak,measuressuchasthesewageoutflow,vehiclesstainedwithdirt,constructionwastesomeonetocleanup,toavoidpollutingtheenvironment3.2nightarrangementsofnoiseemittedbyconstructionequipment,mixernoiseemittedbymachineryandequipmentnexttofoamfornoisecontroltopreventnoisepollutionofthesurroundingenvironment.3.3constructionmanagersandconstructionpersonnel,specialoperationspersonnellistingjobs,siteoperators,leaders,managers,operators,wearingahelmetisdividedintored,blueandyellowspecies.3.4siteconstructionandcompany"scomprehensiveevaluation,checkscorespublishedexaminationresultsissuedonaregularbasis.4,constructionsiteenvironmentalprotectionmeasuresinordertoprotectandimprovethelivingenvironmentandtheecologicalenvironment,preventconstructionandoperationofpollutionandnuisance,safeguardthehealthofresidentsandworkersneartheconstructionarea,promotingthedevelopmentofSocialistconstruction,environmentalprotectionmustbetheconstructionsite.4.1dailybytheDeputyProjectManager,construction,safetyofficerfortheafternoonthesecondcomprehensiveselftest,whereaviolationoftheprovisionsoftheenvironmentprotectioninconstructionsitemustbepromptlyidentifiedandcorrectiveaction,madebyconstructionworkersonthedayoftheconstructionofthelogonpostrecords.4.2monthlybytheDepartmentofprojectstobechecked,accordingtotheenvironmentalprotectioninconstructionsiteinspection,evaluationcriteriaforinspectionscore,fillinthescoresheetasthebasisforsiteevaluationofsafeproductionandcivilized.Duringtheinspection,donotmeettheenvironmentalrequirementsofthe"three"(people,time,andmeasures)modification,implementationandreviewreviewthedutiesspecified.4.34.3.1pollutionpreventionmeasuresinconstructionsitecleanuprubbish,usedmotorvehicleshipments,nofreeairdispersioncausedbydust.Constructionofrefusetobecleaneduptoadesignatedlocation,nofeelfreetopileup,cleanedupandwhenadequatewatertoreducedust.4.3.2earthmovingconstructionsiteentrancesandsetthecarwash,andarrangeforsomeonetocleanuptire,notwheeldirtintootherroads,affectingthecityclean.4.3.3constructionroadconstructionsitebeforeconstructionreadyplansandsetting,makefulluseofredlinelayout,arrangementoftemporaryconstructionroad,grass-rootsenergising,pavementpavingthewayCokebutton,fineaggregate,andwateratalltimes,reduceroaddust.4.3.4constructionwhentheprotectionofurbanpublicfacilitieshavebeenbuilt,reasonablearrangementswithinthelotofconstructionorganization,constructiononthenormallifeoftheresidentsandtominimizetheimpactofleisure.4.3.5easycloudoffinematerialofbackbonebackbonerole;tofullstrengtheningmembersyouthwork,fullplayyouthemployeesincompanydevelopmentintheofforcerole;toimproveindependentCommissionagainstcorruptionworklevel,strengtheningonenterprisebusinesskeylinkofeffectivenessmonitored.,Andmaintainstability.Tofurtherstrengthenpublicityandeducation,improvetheoveralllegalsystem.Wemuststrengthensafetymanagement,establishandimprovetheeducation,supervision,andevaluationasoneofthetrafficsafetymanagementmechanism.　　ToconscientiouslysumuptheOlympicsecuritycontrols,promotingintegratedmanagementtoahigherlevel,higherstandards,ahigherlevelofdevelopment.Employees,todayislunarcalendaronDecember24,theoxBellisabouttoring,atthistimeofyear,weclearlyfeelthepulseoftheXXpowergenerationcompanytoflourish,tomoreclearlyhearXXpowergenerationcompaniesmatureandsymmetrybreathing.Recallingpastoneanotheracrossarailing,weareenthusiasticandfullofconfidence.Futuredevelopmentopportunities,wemoreexcitingfightmorespirited.　　Employees,letustogetheracross2013fullofchallengesandopportunities,tocreateagreen,low-costoperation,fullofhumanecareofaworld-classpowergenerationcompanyandworkhard!TheoccasionoftheSpringFestival,mysincerewishthatyouandthefamiliesofthestaffinthenewyear,goodhealth,happy,happy13 recoveryandtreatmentinatimelymanner.Atthetimeofconstruction,shouldbetakentopreventdustandmudspillleak,measuressuchasthesewageoutflow,vehiclesstainedwithdirt,constructionwastesomeonetocleanup,toavoidpollutingtheenvironment3.2nightarrangementsofnoiseemittedbyconstructionequipment,mixernoiseemittedbymachineryandequipmentnexttofoamfornoisecontroltopreventnoisepollutionofthesurroundingenvironment.3.3constructionmanagersandconstructionpersonnel,specialoperationspersonnellistingjobs,siteoperators,leaders,managers,operators,wearingahelmetisdividedintored,blueandyellowspecies.3.4siteconstructionandcompany"scomprehensiveevaluation,checkscorespublishedexaminationresultsissuedonaregularbasis.4,constructionsiteenvironmentalprotectionmeasuresinordertoprotectandimprovethelivingenvironmentandtheecologicalenvironment,preventconstructionandoperationofpollutionandnuisance,safeguardthehealthofresidentsandworkersneartheconstructionarea,promotingthedevelopmentofSocialistconstruction,environmentalprotectionmustbetheconstructionsite.4.1dailybytheDeputyProjectManager,construction,safetyofficerfortheafternoonthesecondcomprehensiveselftest,whereaviolationoftheprovisionsoftheenvironmentprotectioninconstructionsitemustbepromptlyidentifiedandcorrectiveaction,madebyconstructionworkersonthedayoftheconstructionofthelogonpostrecords.4.2monthlybytheDepartmentofprojectstobechecked,accordingtotheenvironmentalprotectioninconstructionsiteinspection,evaluationcriteriaforinspectionscore,fillinthescoresheetasthebasisforsiteevaluationofsafeproductionandcivilized.Duringtheinspection,donotmeettheenvironmentalrequirementsofthe"three"(people,time,andmeasures)modification,implementationandreviewreviewthedutiesspecified.4.34.3.1pollutionpreventionmeasuresinconstructionsitecleanuprubbish,usedmotorvehicleshipments,nofreeairdispersioncausedbydust.Constructionofrefusetobecleaneduptoadesignatedlocation,nofeelfreetopileup,cleanedupandwhenadequatewatertoreducedust.4.3.2earthmovingconstructionsiteentrancesandsetthecarwash,andarrangeforsomeonetocleanuptire,notwheeldirtintootherroads,affectingthecityclean.4.3.3constructionroadconstructionsitebeforeconstructionreadyplansandsetting,makefulluseofredlinelayout,arrangementoftemporaryconstructionroad,grass-rootsenergising,pavementpavingthewayCokebutton,fineaggregate,andwateratalltimes,reduceroaddust.4.3.4constructionwhentheprotectionofurbanpublicfacilitieshavebeenbuilt,reasonablearrangementswithinthelotofconstructionorganization,constructiononthenormallifeoftheresidentsandtominimizetheimpactofleisure.4.3.5easycloudoffinematerialWewillcontinuetoimprovethecompany"sinternalcontrolsystem,andsteadyimprovementinabilitytomanageandcontrol,optimizebusinessprocesses,toensuresmoothprocesses,responsibilitiesinplace;tofurtherstrengtheninternalcontrols,playacontrolpostindependentoversightroleofevaluationcomplyingwiththird-partyresponsibility;toactivelymakeuseofinternalaudittoolsdetectpotentialmanagement,streamline,standardizerelatedtransactions,strengtheningoperationsinaccordancewithlaw.Deepeningtheinformationmanagementtoensurefullcommunication"zeroresistance".　　ToconstantlyperfectERP,andBFS++,andPI,andMIS,andSCM,informationsystembasedconstruction,fullintegrationinformationsystem,achievedinformationresourcesshared;toexpandPortalsystemapplicationofbreadthanddepth,playinformationsystemonenterpriseofAssistantrole;toperfectdailyrunmaintenanceoperationofrecords,promoteproblemreasonsanalysisandsystemhandover;tostrengtheningBFS++,andERP,andSCM,technologyapplicationoftraining,improveemployeesapplicationinformationsystemofcapacityandlevel.Humanisticcaretoensure"zero."　　TostrengtheningHumanitiescare,continuestofostercompanywindclear,andgasare,andheartShunofcultureatmosphere;strengtheninglovehelpedtrapped,caredifficultemployees;carriedoutstyleactivities,richemployeeslife;strengtheninghealthandlabourprotection,organizationcareerhealthmedical,controlcareeragainst;continuestoimplementationpsychologicalwarningpreventionsystem,trainingemployeeshealthofcharacter,andstableofmoodandenterprisingofattitude,createdfriendlyfraternityofHumanitiesenvironment.Tostrengthenriskmanagement,ensurethatthebusinessof"zerorisk".Tostrengthenedbusinessplansmanagement,willbusinessbusinessplanscovertoalllevel,ensurethebusinesscancontrolincontrol;tocloseconcernfinancial,andcoalelectriclinkage,andenergy-savingscheduling,nationalpolicytrends,strengtheningtrack,activeshould;toimplementationState-ownedassetsmethod,furtherspecificationbusinessfinancialmanagement;toperfectrisktubecontrolsystem,achievedriskrecognition,andmeasure,andassessment,andreport,andcontrolfeedbackofclosedringmanagement,improveriskpreventioncapacity.　　Tofurtherstandardizetrading,andstrivetoachieve"accordingtolaw,standardizeandfair."Innovationofperformancemanagement,toensurethatpotentialemployees"zerofly".Tostrengthenperformancemanagement,processcontrol,enhanceemployeeevaluationandlevelsofeffectivecommunicationtoimproveperformancemanagement.Tofurtherquantifyandrefineemployeestandards...Work,fullplayparty,andbranch,andmembersin"fivetypeEnterprise"constructionintheofcorerole,andfightingfortressroleandpioneermodelrole;tocontinuestostrengthening"fourgood"leadershipconstruction,fullplaylevelscadresinenterprisedevelopmentinthe4.3衬砌混凝土施工工艺及质量控制措施4.3.1大体积现浇商品混凝土施工工艺流程（参见图6）并有应急设备设备完好下一模砼砼合格砼不合格，退货施工准备模板台车轨道安装衬砌断面检查验收；仰拱、端头墙施工缝处理关挡头板泵送、浇筑砼混凝土养护拆模板模板台车清洗打油模板台车就位铺防水板，钢筋及预埋件制作安装监理工程师验收砼泵进场、接管照明、捣固设备已准备好砼进场测量放线准备机具设备准备商品砼进行场前的准备原材料检查砼配合比检查施工人员的管理配备持术准备图6大体积现浇商品混凝土施工工艺流程图4.3.2衬砌的施工准备4.3.2.1人员的管理和配备（1）衬砌施工管理人员、操作人员固定，实行定岗定人，做到对责任有可追溯性。（2）施工人员分工明确，确保“熟人、熟岗”；（3）加强管理，增强工种间的衔接配合，在施工过程中不允许出现相互推诿现象，确保混凝土的施工质量；（4）严格执行奖罚制度，做到有奖有罚。对事故责任人从重处罚，对工作中有积极表现、贡献的施工人员进行奖励，增强施工人员的工作责任心；（5）设混凝土调度三人，负责24小时值班，指挥混凝土的调度；（6）车站内设程控电话派专人值班，负责联络人员及调度指挥的传达；4.3.2.2技术准备：技术人员在混凝土浇筑前做好设计、安全、质量等技术交底准备工作，让现场施工人员明白“做什么、怎么做、达到什么要求”。（1）各种预埋件、孔洞、挂钩的技术交底，明确其尺寸、数量、现场位置，预留孔洞大小，并确定谁负责施工；（2）施工缝、变形缝、沉降缝处理的交底止水带应用钢筋夹具夹牢，止水带在缝两侧嵌入混凝土宽度应尽量相等，误差不能超过5cm。施工中应保护好止水带，不能将止水带拉裂或拉断；（3）模板的技术交底：recoveryandtreatmentinatimelymanner.Atthetimeofconstruction,shouldbetakentopreventdustandmudspillleak,measuressuchasthesewageoutflow,vehiclesstainedwithdirt,constructionwastesomeonetocleanup,toavoidpollutingtheenvironment3.2nightarrangementsofnoiseemittedbyconstructionequipment,mixernoiseemittedbymachineryandequipmentnexttofoamfornoisecontroltopreventnoisepollutionofthesurroundingenvironment.3.3constructionmanagersandconstructionpersonnel,specialoperationspersonnellistingjobs,siteoperators,leaders,managers,operators,wearingahelmetisdividedintored,blueandyellowspecies.3.4siteconstructionandcompany"scomprehensiveevaluation,checkscorespublishedexaminationresultsissuedonaregularbasis.4,constructionsiteenvironmentalprotectionmeasuresinordertoprotectandimprovethelivingenvironmentandtheecologicalenvironment,preventconstructionandoperationofpollutionandnuisance,safeguardthehealthofresidentsandworkersneartheconstructionarea,promotingthedevelopmentofSocialistconstruction,environmentalprotectionmustbetheconstructionsite.4.1dailybytheDeputyProjectManager,construction,safetyofficerfortheafternoonthesecondcomprehensiveselftest,whereaviolationoftheprovisionsoftheenvironmentprotectioninconstructionsitemustbepromptlyidentifiedandcorrectiveaction,madebyconstructionworkersonthedayoftheconstructionofthelogonpostrecords.4.2monthlybytheDepartmentofprojectstobechecked,accordingtotheenvironmentalprotectioninconstructionsiteinspection,evaluationcriteriaforinspectionscore,fillinthescoresheetasthebasisforsiteevaluationofsafeproductionandcivilized.Duringtheinspection,donotmeettheenvironmentalrequirementsofthe"three"(people,time,andmeasures)modification,implementationandreviewreviewthedutiesspecified.4.34.3.1pollutionpreventionmeasuresinconstructionsitecleanuprubbish,usedmotorvehicleshipments,nofreeairdispersioncausedbydust.Constructionofrefusetobecleaneduptoadesignatedlocation,nofeelfreetopileup,cleanedupandwhenadequatewatertoreducedust.4.3.2earthmovingconstructionsiteentrancesandsetthecarwash,andarrangeforsomeonetocleanuptire,notwheeldirtintootherroads,affectingthecityclean.4.3.3constructionroadconstructionsitebeforeconstructionreadyplansandsetting,makefulluseofredlinelayout,arrangementoftemporaryconstructionroad,grass-rootsenergising,pavementpavingthewayCokebutton,fineaggregate,andwateratalltimes,reduceroaddust.4.3.4constructionwhentheprotectionofurbanpublicfacilitieshavebeenbuilt,reasonablearrangementswithinthelotofconstructionorganization,constructiononthenormallifeoftheresidentsandtominimizetheimpactofleisure.4.3.5easycloudoffinematerialofbackbonebackbonerole;tofullstrengtheningmembersyouthwork,fullplayyouthemployeesincompanydevelopmentintheofforcerole;toimproveindependentCommissionagainstcorruptionworklevel,strengtheningonenterprisebusinesskeylinkofeffectivenessmonitored.,Andmaintainstability.Tofurtherstrengthenpublicityandeducation,improvetheoveralllegalsystem.Wemuststrengthensafetymanagement,establishandimprovetheeducation,supervision,andevaluationasoneofthetrafficsafetymanagementmechanism.　　ToconscientiouslysumuptheOlympicsecuritycontrols,promotingintegratedmanagementtoahigherlevel,higherstandards,ahigherlevelofdevelopment.Employees,todayislunarcalendaronDecember24,theoxBellisabouttoring,atthistimeofyear,weclearlyfeelthepulseoftheXXpowergenerationcompanytoflourish,tomoreclearlyhearXXpowergenerationcompaniesmatureandsymmetrybreathing.Recallingpastoneanotheracrossarailing,weareenthusiasticandfullofconfidence.Futuredevelopmentopportunities,wemoreexcitingfightmorespirited.　　Employees,letustogetheracross2013fullofchallengesandopportunities,tocreateagreen,low-costoperation,fullofhumanecareofaworld-classpowergenerationcompanyandworkhard!TheoccasionoftheSpringFestival,mysincerewishthatyouandthefamiliesofthestaffinthenewyear,goodhealth,happy,happy13 recoveryandtreatmentinatimelymanner.Atthetimeofconstruction,shouldbetakentopreventdustandmudspillleak,measuressuchasthesewageoutflow,vehiclesstainedwithdirt,constructionwastesomeonetocleanup,toavoidpollutingtheenvironment3.2nightarrangementsofnoiseemittedbyconstructionequipment,mixernoiseemittedbymachineryandequipmentnexttofoamfornoisecontroltopreventnoisepollutionofthesurroundingenvironment.3.3constructionmanagersandconstructionpersonnel,specialoperationspersonnellistingjobs,siteoperators,leaders,managers,operators,wearingahelmetisdividedintored,blueandyellowspecies.3.4siteconstructionandcompany"scomprehensiveevaluation,checkscorespublishedexaminationresultsissuedonaregularbasis.4,constructionsiteenvironmentalprotectionmeasuresinordertoprotectandimprovethelivingenvironmentandtheecologicalenvironment,preventconstructionandoperationofpollutionandnuisance,safeguardthehealthofresidentsandworkersneartheconstructionarea,promotingthedevelopmentofSocialistconstruction,environmentalprotectionmustbetheconstructionsite.4.1dailybytheDeputyProjectManager,construction,safetyofficerfortheafternoonthesecondcomprehensiveselftest,whereaviolationoftheprovisionsoftheenvironmentprotectioninconstructionsitemustbepromptlyidentifiedandcorrectiveaction,madebyconstructionworkersonthedayoftheconstructionofthelogonpostrecords.4.2monthlybytheDepartmentofprojectstobechecked,accordingtotheenvironmentalprotectioninconstructionsiteinspection,evaluationcriteriaforinspectionscore,fillinthescoresheetasthebasisforsiteevaluationofsafeproductionandcivilized.Duringtheinspection,donotmeettheenvironmentalrequirementsofthe"three"(people,time,andmeasures)modification,implementationandreviewreviewthedutiesspecified.4.34.3.1pollutionpreventionmeasuresinconstructionsitecleanuprubbish,usedmotorvehicleshipments,nofreeairdispersioncausedbydust.Constructionofrefusetobecleaneduptoadesignatedlocation,nofeelfreetopileup,cleanedupandwhenadequatewatertoreducedust.4.3.2earthmovingconstructionsiteentrancesandsetthecarwash,andarrangeforsomeonetocleanuptire,notwheeldirtintootherroads,affectingthecityclean.4.3.3constructionroadconstructionsitebeforeconstructionreadyplansandsetting,makefulluseofredlinelayout,arrangementoftemporaryconstructionroad,grass-rootsenergising,pavementpavingthewayCokebutton,fineaggregate,andwateratalltimes,reduceroaddust.4.3.4constructionwhentheprotectionofurbanpublicfacilitieshavebeenbuilt,reasonablearrangementswithinthelotofconstructionorganization,constructiononthenormallifeoftheresidentsandtominimizetheimpactofleisure.4.3.5easycloudoffinematerialWewillcontinuetoimprovethecompany"sinternalcontrolsystem,andsteadyimprovementinabilitytomanageandcontrol,optimizebusinessprocesses,toensuresmoothprocesses,responsibilitiesinplace;tofurtherstrengtheninternalcontrols,playacontrolpostindependentoversightroleofevaluationcomplyingwiththird-partyresponsibility;toactivelymakeuseofinternalaudittoolsdetectpotentialmanagement,streamline,standardizerelatedtransactions,strengtheningoperationsinaccordancewithlaw.Deepeningtheinformationmanagementtoensurefullcommunication"zeroresistance".　　ToconstantlyperfectERP,andBFS++,andPI,andMIS,andSCM,informationsystembasedconstruction,fullintegrationinformationsystem,achievedinformationresourcesshared;toexpandPortalsystemapplicationofbreadthanddepth,playinformationsystemonenterpriseofAssistantrole;toperfectdailyrunmaintenanceoperationofrecords,promoteproblemreasonsanalysisandsystemhandover;tostrengtheningBFS++,andERP,andSCM,technologyapplicationoftraining,improveemployeesapplicationinformationsystemofcapacityandlevel.Humanisticcaretoensure"zero."　　TostrengtheningHumanitiescare,continuestofostercompanywindclear,andgasare,andheartShunofcultureatmosphere;strengtheninglovehelpedtrapped,caredifficultemployees;carriedoutstyleactivities,richemployeeslife;strengtheninghealthandlabourprotection,organizationcareerhealthmedical,controlcareeragainst;continuestoimplementationpsychologicalwarningpreventionsystem,trainingemployeeshealthofcharacter,andstableofmoodandenterprisingofattitude,createdfriendlyfraternityofHumanitiesenvironment.Tostrengthenriskmanagement,ensurethatthebusinessof"zerorisk".Tostrengthenedbusinessplansmanagement,willbusinessbusinessplanscovertoalllevel,ensurethebusinesscancontrolincontrol;tocloseconcernfinancial,andcoalelectriclinkage,andenergy-savingscheduling,nationalpolicytrends,strengtheningtrack,activeshould;toimplementationState-ownedassetsmethod,furtherspecificationbusinessfinancialmanagement;toperfectrisktubecontrolsystem,achievedriskrecognition,andmeasure,andassessment,andreport,andcontrolfeedbackofclosedringmanagement,improveriskpreventioncapacity.　　Tofurtherstandardizetrading,andstrivetoachieve"accordingtolaw,standardizeandfair."Innovationofperformancemanagement,toensurethatpotentialemployees"zerofly".Tostrengthenperformancemanagement,processcontrol,enhanceemployeeevaluationandlevelsofeffectivecommunicationtoimproveperformancemanagement.Tofurtherquantifyandrefineemployeestandards...Work,fullplayparty,andbranch,andmembersin"fivetypeEnterprise"constructionintheofcorerole,andfightingfortressroleandpioneermodelrole;tocontinuestostrengthening"fourgood"leadershipconstruction,fullplaylevelscadresinenterprisedevelopmentinthe①、模板台车在就位前，将模板表面的油污，混凝土“锅巴”清理干净；②、在模板表面刷脱模剂。脱模剂采用新鲜机油配柴油，配比为:机油：柴油=1：2～1：3。配好后搅拌均匀，并检查其粘度，确保粘度不能偏大，关模前涂刷在模板面上，刷油后严禁弄脏模板。③、在台车就位前，还需先检查模板台车模板是否变形。如有变形模板，用新模板替换变形模板；④、模板台车就位：根据测量中线，水平尺寸，调整台车模板宽度、高度，使台车模板外轮廓尺寸与设计的混凝土断面轮廓尺寸一致。由于模板台车在制作时已将断面尺寸放大5cm，所以，模板台车就位时，不能再加大断面尺寸；⑤、模板及台车加固：上好模板台车上所有钢筋支撑，拧紧或撑紧。在台车窗口、两头端头处加木撑。模板台车模板最低处（与矮边墙接缝处）加过河撑（撑在核心土上）。过河撑间距为1m。端头模板在断面环向每30～50cm钻孔，用φ25以上的钢筋插进孔内，作支撑。此外，已破坏的防水板应在下模钢筋安装前补好。模板台车两侧加固参见图7，模板台车端头模加固参见图8。图7模板台车两侧加固示意图图8模板台车端头模加固示意图⑥recoveryandtreatmentinatimelymanner.Atthetimeofconstruction,shouldbetakentopreventdustandmudspillleak,measuressuchasthesewageoutflow,vehiclesstainedwithdirt,constructionwastesomeonetocleanup,toavoidpollutingtheenvironment3.2nightarrangementsofnoiseemittedbyconstructionequipment,mixernoiseemittedbymachineryandequipmentnexttofoamfornoisecontroltopreventnoisepollutionofthesurroundingenvironment.3.3constructionmanagersandconstructionpersonnel,specialoperationspersonnellistingjobs,siteoperators,leaders,managers,operators,wearingahelmetisdividedintored,blueandyellowspecies.3.4siteconstructionandcompany"scomprehensiveevaluation,checkscorespublishedexaminationresultsissuedonaregularbasis.4,constructionsiteenvironmentalprotectionmeasuresinordertoprotectandimprovethelivingenvironmentandtheecologicalenvironment,preventconstructionandoperationofpollutionandnuisance,safeguardthehealthofresidentsandworkersneartheconstructionarea,promotingthedevelopmentofSocialistconstruction,environmentalprotectionmustbetheconstructionsite.4.1dailybytheDeputyProjectManager,construction,safetyofficerfortheafternoonthesecondcomprehensiveselftest,whereaviolationoftheprovisionsoftheenvironmentprotectioninconstructionsitemustbepromptlyidentifiedandcorrectiveaction,madebyconstructionworkersonthedayoftheconstructionofthelogonpostrecords.4.2monthlybytheDepartmentofprojectstobechecked,accordingtotheenvironmentalprotectioninconstructionsiteinspection,evaluationcriteriaforinspectionscore,fillinthescoresheetasthebasisforsiteevaluationofsafeproductionandcivilized.Duringtheinspection,donotmeettheenvironmentalrequirementsofthe"three"(people,time,andmeasures)modification,implementationandreviewreviewthedutiesspecified.4.34.3.1pollutionpreventionmeasuresinconstructionsitecleanuprubbish,usedmotorvehicleshipments,nofreeairdispersioncausedbydust.Constructionofrefusetobecleaneduptoadesignatedlocation,nofeelfreetopileup,cleanedupandwhenadequatewatertoreducedust.4.3.2earthmovingconstructionsiteentrancesandsetthecarwash,andarrangeforsomeonetocleanuptire,notwheeldirtintootherroads,affectingthecityclean.4.3.3constructionroadconstructionsitebeforeconstructionreadyplansandsetting,makefulluseofredlinelayout,arrangementoftemporaryconstructionroad,grass-rootsenergising,pavementpavingthewayCokebutton,fineaggregate,andwateratalltimes,reduceroaddust.4.3.4constructionwhentheprotectionofurbanpublicfacilitieshavebeenbuilt,reasonablearrangementswithinthelotofconstructionorganization,constructiononthenormallifeoftheresidentsandtominimizetheimpactofleisure.4.3.5easycloudoffinematerialofbackbonebackbonerole;tofullstrengtheningmembersyouthwork,fullplayyouthemployeesincompanydevelopmentintheofforcerole;toimproveindependentCommissionagainstcorruptionworklevel,strengtheningonenterprisebusinesskeylinkofeffectivenessmonitored.,Andmaintainstability.Tofurtherstrengthenpublicityandeducation,improvetheoveralllegalsystem.Wemuststrengthensafetymanagement,establishandimprovetheeducation,supervision,andevaluationasoneofthetrafficsafetymanagementmechanism.　　ToconscientiouslysumuptheOlympicsecuritycontrols,promotingintegratedmanagementtoahigherlevel,higherstandards,ahigherlevelofdevelopment.Employees,todayislunarcalendaronDecember24,theoxBellisabouttoring,atthistimeofyear,weclearlyfeelthepulseoftheXXpowergenerationcompanytoflourish,tomoreclearlyhearXXpowergenerationcompaniesmatureandsymmetrybreathing.Recallingpastoneanotheracrossarailing,weareenthusiasticandfullofconfidence.Futuredevelopmentopportunities,wemoreexcitingfightmorespirited.　　Employees,letustogetheracross2013fullofchallengesandopportunities,tocreateagreen,low-costoperation,fullofhumanecareofaworld-classpowergenerationcompanyandworkhard!TheoccasionoftheSpringFestival,mysincerewishthatyouandthefamiliesofthestaffinthenewyear,goodhealth,happy,happy13 recoveryandtreatmentinatimelymanner.Atthetimeofconstruction,shouldbetakentopreventdustandmudspillleak,measuressuchasthesewageoutflow,vehiclesstainedwithdirt,constructionwastesomeonetocleanup,toavoidpollutingtheenvironment3.2nightarrangementsofnoiseemittedbyconstructionequipment,mixernoiseemittedbymachineryandequipmentnexttofoamfornoisecontroltopreventnoisepollutionofthesurroundingenvironment.3.3constructionmanagersandconstructionpersonnel,specialoperationspersonnellistingjobs,siteoperators,leaders,managers,operators,wearingahelmetisdividedintored,blueandyellowspecies.3.4siteconstructionandcompany"scomprehensiveevaluation,checkscorespublishedexaminationresultsissuedonaregularbasis.4,constructionsiteenvironmentalprotectionmeasuresinordertoprotectandimprovethelivingenvironmentandtheecologicalenvironment,preventconstructionandoperationofpollutionandnuisance,safeguardthehealthofresidentsandworkersneartheconstructionarea,promotingthedevelopmentofSocialistconstruction,environmentalprotectionmustbetheconstructionsite.4.1dailybytheDeputyProjectManager,construction,safetyofficerfortheafternoonthesecondcomprehensiveselftest,whereaviolationoftheprovisionsoftheenvironmentprotectioninconstructionsitemustbepromptlyidentifiedandcorrectiveaction,madebyconstructionworkersonthedayoftheconstructionofthelogonpostrecords.4.2monthlybytheDepartmentofprojectstobechecked,accordingtotheenvironmentalprotectioninconstructionsiteinspection,evaluationcriteriaforinspectionscore,fillinthescoresheetasthebasisforsiteevaluationofsafeproductionandcivilized.Duringtheinspection,donotmeettheenvironmentalrequirementsofthe"three"(people,time,andmeasures)modification,implementationandreviewreviewthedutiesspecified.4.34.3.1pollutionpreventionmeasuresinconstructionsitecleanuprubbish,usedmotorvehicleshipments,nofreeairdispersioncausedbydust.Constructionofrefusetobecleaneduptoadesignatedlocation,nofeelfreetopileup,cleanedupandwhenadequatewatertoreducedust.4.3.2earthmovingconstructionsiteentrancesandsetthecarwash,andarrangeforsomeonetocleanuptire,notwheeldirtintootherroads,affectingthecityclean.4.3.3constructionroadconstructionsitebeforeconstructionreadyplansandsetting,makefulluseofredlinelayout,arrangementoftemporaryconstructionroad,grass-rootsenergising,pavementpavingthewayCokebutton,fineaggregate,andwateratalltimes,reduceroaddust.4.3.4constructionwhentheprotectionofurbanpublicfacilitieshavebeenbuilt,reasonablearrangementswithinthelotofconstructionorganization,constructiononthenormallifeoftheresidentsandtominimizetheimpactofleisure.4.3.5easycloudoffinematerialWewillcontinuetoimprovethecompany"sinternalcontrolsystem,andsteadyimprovementinabilitytomanageandcontrol,optimizebusinessprocesses,toensuresmoothprocesses,responsibilitiesinplace;tofurtherstrengtheninternalcontrols,playacontrolpostindependentoversightroleofevaluationcomplyingwiththird-partyresponsibility;toactivelymakeuseofinternalaudittoolsdetectpotentialmanagement,streamline,standardizerelatedtransactions,strengtheningoperationsinaccordancewithlaw.Deepeningtheinformationmanagementtoensurefullcommunication"zeroresistance".　　ToconstantlyperfectERP,andBFS++,andPI,andMIS,andSCM,informationsystembasedconstruction,fullintegrationinformationsystem,achievedinformationresourcesshared;toexpandPortalsystemapplicationofbreadthanddepth,playinformationsystemonenterpriseofAssistantrole;toperfectdailyrunmaintenanceoperationofrecords,promoteproblemreasonsanalysisandsystemhandover;tostrengtheningBFS++,andERP,andSCM,technologyapplicationoftraining,improveemployeesapplicationinformationsystemofcapacityandlevel.Humanisticcaretoensure"zero."　　TostrengtheningHumanitiescare,continuestofostercompanywindclear,andgasare,andheartShunofcultureatmosphere;strengtheninglovehelpedtrapped,caredifficultemployees;carriedoutstyleactivities,richemployeeslife;strengtheninghealthandlabourprotection,organizationcareerhealthmedical,controlcareeragainst;continuestoimplementationpsychologicalwarningpreventionsystem,trainingemployeeshealthofcharacter,andstableofmoodandenterprisingofattitude,createdfriendlyfraternityofHumanitiesenvironment.Tostrengthenriskmanagement,ensurethatthebusinessof"zerorisk".Tostrengthenedbusinessplansmanagement,willbusinessbusinessplanscovertoalllevel,ensurethebusinesscancontrolincontrol;tocloseconcernfinancial,andcoalelectriclinkage,andenergy-savingscheduling,nationalpolicytrends,strengtheningtrack,activeshould;toimplementationState-ownedassetsmethod,furtherspecificationbusinessfinancialmanagement;toperfectrisktubecontrolsystem,achievedriskrecognition,andmeasure,andassessment,andreport,andcontrolfeedbackofclosedringmanagement,improveriskpreventioncapacity.　　Tofurtherstandardizetrading,andstrivetoachieve"accordingtolaw,standardizeandfair."Innovationofperformancemanagement,toensurethatpotentialemployees"zerofly".Tostrengthenperformancemanagement,processcontrol,enhanceemployeeevaluationandlevelsofeffectivecommunicationtoimproveperformancemanagement.Tofurtherquantifyandrefineemployeestandards...Work,fullplayparty,andbranch,andmembersin"fivetypeEnterprise"constructionintheofcorerole,andfightingfortressroleandpioneermodelrole;tocontinuestostrengthening"fourgood"leadershipconstruction,fullplaylevelscadresinenterprisedevelopmentinthe、模板缝隙：所有模板之间的缝隙均应堵塞严密，保证混凝土浇筑过程中不漏浆。紧固支撑，减小模板台车与已浇筑混凝土之间的缝隙。挡头模制作应工整、平顺，无错台，减小挡头木模之间的缝隙。在砼浇筑过程中，应随时检查，发现有漏浆的地方及时进行封堵。⑦、模板的检查与验收：严格按照《混凝土结构工程施工质量验收规范》（GB50204—2002）第4节模板分项工程中的要求进行。5、监控量测5.1监测项目（参见表3）表3监测项目表序号监测项目测试工具及仪表备注1地表下沉普通水准仪必测2拱顶下沉普通水准仪、钢尺必测3边墙收敛净空变位位移计必测4爆破震速测震仪必测5锚杆轴力应力计选测6格栅拱应力应力计必测7临时支撑应力应力计必测8喷射砼与围岩接触压力压力盒选测9二衬钢筋应力应力计选测10二衬混凝土内应力应力计选测5.2监测点布置监测点布置距离参数和断面位置参见表4和图9。表4测点布置距离值围岩级别断面间距（m）水平收敛拱顶下沉表面位移Ⅲ5552Ⅱ101052图9测点布置示意图recoveryandtreatmentinatimelymanner.Atthetimeofconstruction,shouldbetakentopreventdustandmudspillleak,measuressuchasthesewageoutflow,vehiclesstainedwithdirt,constructionwastesomeonetocleanup,toavoidpollutingtheenvironment3.2nightarrangementsofnoiseemittedbyconstructionequipment,mixernoiseemittedbymachineryandequipmentnexttofoamfornoisecontroltopreventnoisepollutionofthesurroundingenvironment.3.3constructionmanagersandconstructionpersonnel,specialoperationspersonnellistingjobs,siteoperators,leaders,managers,operators,wearingahelmetisdividedintored,blueandyellowspecies.3.4siteconstructionandcompany"scomprehensiveevaluation,checkscorespublishedexaminationresultsissuedonaregularbasis.4,constructionsiteenvironmentalprotectionmeasuresinordertoprotectandimprovethelivingenvironmentandtheecologicalenvironment,preventconstructionandoperationofpollutionandnuisance,safeguardthehealthofresidentsandworkersneartheconstructionarea,promotingthedevelopmentofSocialistconstruction,environmentalprotectionmustbetheconstructionsite.4.1dailybytheDeputyProjectManager,construction,safetyofficerfortheafternoonthesecondcomprehensiveselftest,whereaviolationoftheprovisionsoftheenvironmentprotectioninconstructionsitemustbepromptlyidentifiedandcorrectiveaction,madebyconstructionworkersonthedayoftheconstructionofthelogonpostrecords.4.2monthlybytheDepartmentofprojectstobechecked,accordingtotheenvironmentalprotectioninconstructionsiteinspection,evaluationcriteriaforinspectionscore,fillinthescoresheetasthebasisforsiteevaluationofsafeproductionandcivilized.Duringtheinspection,donotmeettheenvironmentalrequirementsofthe"three"(people,time,andmeasures)modification,implementationandreviewreviewthedutiesspecified.4.34.3.1pollutionpreventionmeasuresinconstructionsitecleanuprubbish,usedmotorvehicleshipments,nofreeairdispersioncausedbydust.Constructionofrefusetobecleaneduptoadesignatedlocation,nofeelfreetopileup,cleanedupandwhenadequatewatertoreducedust.4.3.2earthmovingconstructionsiteentrancesandsetthecarwash,andarrangeforsomeonetocleanuptire,notwheeldirtintootherroads,affectingthecityclean.4.3.3constructionroadconstructionsitebeforeconstructionreadyplansandsetting,makefulluseofredlinelayout,arrangementoftemporaryconstructionroad,grass-rootsenergising,pavementpavingthewayCokebutton,fineaggregate,andwateratalltimes,reduceroaddust.4.3.4constructionwhentheprotectionofurbanpublicfacilitieshavebeenbuilt,reasonablearrangementswithinthelotofconstructionorganization,constructiononthenormallifeoftheresidentsandtominimizetheimpactofleisure.4.3.5easycloudoffinematerialofbackbonebackbonerole;tofullstrengtheningmembersyouthwork,fullplayyouthemployeesincompanydevelopmentintheofforcerole;toimproveindependentCommissionagainstcorruptionworklevel,strengtheningonenterprisebusinesskeylinkofeffectivenessmonitored.,Andmaintainstability.Tofurtherstrengthenpublicityandeducation,improvetheoveralllegalsystem.Wemuststrengthensafetymanagement,establishandimprovetheeducation,supervision,andevaluationasoneofthetrafficsafetymanagementmechanism.　　ToconscientiouslysumuptheOlympicsecuritycontrols,promotingintegratedmanagementtoahigherlevel,higherstandards,ahigherlevelofdevelopment.Employees,todayislunarcalendaronDecember24,theoxBellisabouttoring,atthistimeofyear,weclearlyfeelthepulseoftheXXpowergenerationcompanytoflourish,tomoreclearlyhearXXpowergenerationcompaniesmatureandsymmetrybreathing.Recallingpastoneanotheracrossarailing,weareenthusiasticandfullofconfidence.Futuredevelopmentopportunities,wemoreexcitingfightmorespirited.　　Employees,letustogetheracross2013fullofchallengesandopportunities,tocreateagreen,low-costoperation,fullofhumanecareofaworld-classpowergenerationcompanyandworkhard!TheoccasionoftheSpringFestival,mysincerewishthatyouandthefamiliesofthestaffinthenewyear,goodhealth,happy,happy13 recoveryandtreatmentinatimelymanner.Atthetimeofconstruction,shouldbetakentopreventdustandmudspillleak,measuressuchasthesewageoutflow,vehiclesstainedwithdirt,constructionwastesomeonetocleanup,toavoidpollutingtheenvironment3.2nightarrangementsofnoiseemittedbyconstructionequipment,mixernoiseemittedbymachineryandequipmentnexttofoamfornoisecontroltopreventnoisepollutionofthesurroundingenvironment.3.3constructionmanagersandconstructionpersonnel,specialoperationspersonnellistingjobs,siteoperators,leaders,managers,operators,wearingahelmetisdividedintored,blueandyellowspecies.3.4siteconstructionandcompany"scomprehensiveevaluation,checkscorespublishedexaminationresultsissuedonaregularbasis.4,constructionsiteenvironmentalprotectionmeasuresinordertoprotectandimprovethelivingenvironmentandtheecologicalenvironment,preventconstructionandoperationofpollutionandnuisance,safeguardthehealthofresidentsandworkersneartheconstructionarea,promotingthedevelopmentofSocialistconstruction,environmentalprotectionmustbetheconstructionsite.4.1dailybytheDeputyProjectManager,construction,safetyofficerfortheafternoonthesecondcomprehensiveselftest,whereaviolationoftheprovisionsoftheenvironmentprotectioninconstructionsitemustbepromptlyidentifiedandcorrectiveaction,madebyconstructionworkersonthedayoftheconstructionofthelogonpostrecords.4.2monthlybytheDepartmentofprojectstobechecked,accordingtotheenvironmentalprotectioninconstructionsiteinspection,evaluationcriteriaforinspectionscore,fillinthescoresheetasthebasisforsiteevaluationofsafeproductionandcivilized.Duringtheinspection,donotmeettheenvironmentalrequirementsofthe"three"(people,time,andmeasures)modification,implementationandreviewreviewthedutiesspecified.4.34.3.1pollutionpreventionmeasuresinconstructionsitecleanuprubbish,usedmotorvehicleshipments,nofreeairdispersioncausedbydust.Constructionofrefusetobecleaneduptoadesignatedlocation,nofeelfreetopileup,cleanedupandwhenadequatewatertoreducedust.4.3.2earthmovingconstructionsiteentrancesandsetthecarwash,andarrangeforsomeonetocleanuptire,notwheeldirtintootherroads,affectingthecityclean.4.3.3constructionroadconstructionsitebeforeconstructionreadyplansandsetting,makefulluseofredlinelayout,arrangementoftemporaryconstructionroad,grass-rootsenergising,pavementpavingthewayCokebutton,fineaggregate,andwateratalltimes,reduceroaddust.4.3.4constructionwhentheprotectionofurbanpublicfacilitieshavebeenbuilt,reasonablearrangementswithinthelotofconstructionorganization,constructiononthenormallifeoftheresidentsandtominimizetheimpactofleisure.4.3.5easycloudoffinematerialWewillcontinuetoimprovethecompany"sinternalcontrolsystem,andsteadyimprovementinabilitytomanageandcontrol,optimizebusinessprocesses,toensuresmoothprocesses,responsibilitiesinplace;tofurtherstrengtheninternalcontrols,playacontrolpostindependentoversightroleofevaluationcomplyingwiththird-partyresponsibility;toactivelymakeuseofinternalaudittoolsdetectpotentialmanagement,streamline,standardizerelatedtransactions,strengtheningoperationsinaccordancewithlaw.Deepeningtheinformationmanagementtoensurefullcommunication"zeroresistance".　　ToconstantlyperfectERP,andBFS++,andPI,andMIS,andSCM,informationsystembasedconstruction,fullintegrationinformationsystem,achievedinformationresourcesshared;toexpandPortalsystemapplicationofbreadthanddepth,playinformationsystemonenterpriseofAssistantrole;toperfectdailyrunmaintenanceoperationofrecords,promoteproblemreasonsanalysisandsystemhandover;tostrengtheningBFS++,andERP,andSCM,technologyapplicationoftraining,improveemployeesapplicationinformationsystemofcapacityandlevel.Humanisticcaretoensure"zero."　　TostrengtheningHumanitiescare,continuestofostercompanywindclear,andgasare,andheartShunofcultureatmosphere;strengtheninglovehelpedtrapped,caredifficultemployees;carriedoutstyleactivities,richemployeeslife;strengtheninghealthandlabourprotection,organizationcareerhealthmedical,controlcareeragainst;continuestoimplementationpsychologicalwarningpreventionsystem,trainingemployeeshealthofcharacter,andstableofmoodandenterprisingofattitude,createdfriendlyfraternityofHumanitiesenvironment.Tostrengthenriskmanagement,ensurethatthebusinessof"zerorisk".Tostrengthenedbusinessplansmanagement,willbusinessbusinessplanscovertoalllevel,ensurethebusinesscancontrolincontrol;tocloseconcernfinancial,andcoalelectriclinkage,andenergy-savingscheduling,nationalpolicytrends,strengtheningtrack,activeshould;toimplementationState-ownedassetsmethod,furtherspecificationbusinessfinancialmanagement;toperfectrisktubecontrolsystem,achievedriskrecognition,andmeasure,andassessment,andreport,andcontrolfeedbackofclosedringmanagement,improveriskpreventioncapacity.　　Tofurtherstandardizetrading,andstrivetoachieve"accordingtolaw,standardizeandfair."Innovationofperformancemanagement,toensurethatpotentialemployees"zerofly".Tostrengthenperformancemanagement,processcontrol,enhanceemployeeevaluationandlevelsofeffectivecommunicationtoimproveperformancemanagement.Tofurtherquantifyandrefineemployeestandards...Work,fullplayparty,andbranch,andmembersin"fivetypeEnterprise"constructionintheofcorerole,andfightingfortressroleandpioneermodelrole;tocontinuestostrengthening"fourgood"leadershipconstruction,fullplaylevelscadresinenterprisedevelopmentinthe5.3量测频率（参见表5）表5量测频率位移速度（mm/日）与工作面距离频率>10(0-1)D1～2次/日5～10(1-2)D1次/日1～5(2-5)D1次/2日<1>5D1次/周5.4围岩稳定性应变基准（参见表6）表6隧道周边相对位移值（%）围岩级别覆盖厚度（m）<5050～100>300Ⅲ0.20～0.800.60～1.601.00～3.00Ⅱ0.15～0.500.20～0.800.20～0.80根据位移变化速率判别，当净空变化速率大于10mm/d时，应及时加强支护系统，必要时采用特殊措施，在确保工程安全的情况下方可再次施工，当净空变化速率小于0.5mm/d时，则认为围岩基本稳定。当实测位移超过上表所述允许值或位移无明显下降时，立即采取补救措施，预防安全事故发生。以上表中所列数据为参考数据，可用于日常管理和控制。六、机具设备配备（参见表7）表7主要机具设备参考表序号机具名称规格/型号单位数量备注1变压器600KVA台1或350KVA2台2空压机20m3台2开挖打眼3空压机12m3台1喷射混凝土4多功能组合台架自制台4根据断面大小及施组配置5装载机3.0m3台2出碴6反铲挖掘机1.2m3台1勾齐头，出碴7自卸式汽车15t辆12出碴8自卸式汽车5t辆2材料设备周转9全断面模板台车自制台1根据断面类型配置10凿岩机YT-28台60开挖11强制制式搅拌机350L台2初期支护12注浆泵30KW台2锚杆注浆13对焊机100A台114湿喷机4-10m3/h台1喷射混凝土15混凝土灌车6m3辆2喷射混凝土16混凝土输送泵75KW台2recoveryandtreatmentinatimelymanner.Atthetimeofconstruction,shouldbetakentopreventdustandmudspillleak,measuressuchasthesewageoutflow,vehiclesstainedwithdirt,constructionwastesomeonetocleanup,toavoidpollutingtheenvironment3.2nightarrangementsofnoiseemittedbyconstructionequipment,mixernoiseemittedbymachineryandequipmentnexttofoamfornoisecontroltopreventnoisepollutionofthesurroundingenvironment.3.3constructionmanagersandconstructionpersonnel,specialoperationspersonnellistingjobs,siteoperators,leaders,managers,operators,wearingahelmetisdividedintored,blueandyellowspecies.3.4siteconstructionandcompany"scomprehensiveevaluation,checkscorespublishedexaminationresultsissuedonaregularbasis.4,constructionsiteenvironmentalprotectionmeasuresinordertoprotectandimprovethelivingenvironmentandtheecologicalenvironment,preventconstructionandoperationofpollutionandnuisance,safeguardthehealthofresidentsandworkersneartheconstructionarea,promotingthedevelopmentofSocialistconstruction,environmentalprotectionmustbetheconstructionsite.4.1dailybytheDeputyProjectManager,construction,safetyofficerfortheafternoonthesecondcomprehensiveselftest,whereaviolationoftheprovisionsoftheenvironmentprotectioninconstructionsitemustbepromptlyidentifiedandcorrectiveaction,madebyconstructionworkersonthedayoftheconstructionofthelogonpostrecords.4.2monthlybytheDepartmentofprojectstobechecked,accordingtotheenvironmentalprotectioninconstructionsiteinspection,evaluationcriteriaforinspectionscore,fillinthescoresheetasthebasisforsiteevaluationofsafeproductionandcivilized.Duringtheinspection,donotmeettheenvironmentalrequirementsofthe"three"(people,time,andmeasures)modification,implementationandreviewreviewthedutiesspecified.4.34.3.1pollutionpreventionmeasuresinconstructionsitecleanuprubbish,usedmotorvehicleshipments,nofreeairdispersioncausedbydust.Constructionofrefusetobecleaneduptoadesignatedlocation,nofeelfreetopileup,cleanedupandwhenadequatewatertoreducedust.4.3.2earthmovingconstructionsiteentrancesandsetthecarwash,andarrangeforsomeonetocleanuptire,notwheeldirtintootherroads,affectingthecityclean.4.3.3constructionroadconstructionsitebeforeconstructionreadyplansandsetting,makefulluseofredlinelayout,arrangementoftemporaryconstructionroad,grass-rootsenergising,pavementpavingthewayCokebutton,fineaggregate,andwateratalltimes,reduceroaddust.4.3.4constructionwhentheprotectionofurbanpublicfacilitieshavebeenbuilt,reasonablearrangementswithinthelotofconstructionorganization,constructiononthenormallifeoftheresidentsandtominimizetheimpactofleisure.4.3.5easycloudoffinematerialofbackbonebackbonerole;tofullstrengtheningmembersyouthwork,fullplayyouthemployeesincompanydevelopmentintheofforcerole;toimproveindependentCommissionagainstcorruptionworklevel,strengtheningonenterprisebusinesskeylinkofeffectivenessmonitored.,Andmaintainstability.Tofurtherstrengthenpublicityandeducation,improvetheoveralllegalsystem.Wemuststrengthensafetymanagement,establishandimprovetheeducation,supervision,andevaluationasoneofthetrafficsafetymanagementmechanism.　　ToconscientiouslysumuptheOlympicsecuritycontrols,promotingintegratedmanagementtoahigherlevel,higherstandards,ahigherlevelofdevelopment.Employees,todayislunarcalendaronDecember24,theoxBellisabouttoring,atthistimeofyear,weclearlyfeelthepulseoftheXXpowergenerationcompanytoflourish,tomoreclearlyhearXXpowergenerationcompaniesmatureandsymmetrybreathing.Recallingpastoneanotheracrossarailing,weareenthusiasticandfullofconfidence.Futuredevelopmentopportunities,wemoreexcitingfightmorespirited.　　Employees,letustogetheracross2013fullofchallengesandopportunities,tocreateagreen,low-costoperation,fullofhumanecareofaworld-classpowergenerationcompanyandworkhard!TheoccasionoftheSpringFestival,mysincerewishthatyouandthefamiliesofthestaffinthenewyear,goodhealth,happy,happy13 recoveryandtreatmentinatimelymanner.Atthetimeofconstruction,shouldbetakentopreventdustandmudspillleak,measuressuchasthesewageoutflow,vehiclesstainedwithdirt,constructionwastesomeonetocleanup,toavoidpollutingtheenvironment3.2nightarrangementsofnoiseemittedbyconstructionequipment,mixernoiseemittedbymachineryandequipmentnexttofoamfornoisecontroltopreventnoisepollutionofthesurroundingenvironment.3.3constructionmanagersandconstructionpersonnel,specialoperationspersonnellistingjobs,siteoperators,leaders,managers,operators,wearingahelmetisdividedintored,blueandyellowspecies.3.4siteconstructionandcompany"scomprehensiveevaluation,checkscorespublishedexaminationresultsissuedonaregularbasis.4,constructionsiteenvironmentalprotectionmeasuresinordertoprotectandimprovethelivingenvironmentandtheecologicalenvironment,preventconstructionandoperationofpollutionandnuisance,safeguardthehealthofresidentsandworkersneartheconstructionarea,promotingthedevelopmentofSocialistconstruction,environmentalprotectionmustbetheconstructionsite.4.1dailybytheDeputyProjectManager,construction,safetyofficerfortheafternoonthesecondcomprehensiveselftest,whereaviolationoftheprovisionsoftheenvironmentprotectioninconstructionsitemustbepromptlyidentifiedandcorrectiveaction,madebyconstructionworkersonthedayoftheconstructionofthelogonpostrecords.4.2monthlybytheDepartmentofprojectstobechecked,accordingtotheenvironmentalprotectioninconstructionsiteinspection,evaluationcriteriaforinspectionscore,fillinthescoresheetasthebasisforsiteevaluationofsafeproductionandcivilized.Duringtheinspection,donotmeettheenvironmentalrequirementsofthe"three"(people,time,andmeasures)modification,implementationandreviewreviewthedutiesspecified.4.34.3.1pollutionpreventionmeasuresinconstructionsitecleanuprubbish,usedmotorvehicleshipments,nofreeairdispersioncausedbydust.Constructionofrefusetobecleaneduptoadesignatedlocation,nofeelfreetopileup,cleanedupandwhenadequatewatertoreducedust.4.3.2earthmovingconstructionsiteentrancesandsetthecarwash,andarrangeforsomeonetocleanuptire,notwheeldirtintootherroads,affectingthecityclean.4.3.3constructionroadconstructionsitebeforeconstructionreadyplansandsetting,makefulluseofredlinelayout,arrangementoftemporaryconstructionroad,grass-rootsenergising,pavementpavingthewayCokebutton,fineaggregate,andwateratalltimes,reduceroaddust.4.3.4constructionwhentheprotectionofurbanpublicfacilitieshavebeenbuilt,reasonablearrangementswithinthelotofconstructionorganization,constructiononthenormallifeoftheresidentsandtominimizetheimpactofleisure.4.3.5easycloudoffinematerialWewillcontinuetoimprovethecompany"sinternalcontrolsystem,andsteadyimprovementinabilitytomanageandcontrol,optimizebusinessprocesses,toensuresmoothprocesses,responsibilitiesinplace;tofurtherstrengtheninternalcontrols,playacontrolpostindependentoversightroleofevaluationcomplyingwiththird-partyresponsibility;toactivelymakeuseofinternalaudittoolsdetectpotentialmanagement,streamline,standardizerelatedtransactions,strengtheningoperationsinaccordancewithlaw.Deepeningtheinformationmanagementtoensurefullcommunication"zeroresistance".　　ToconstantlyperfectERP,andBFS++,andPI,andMIS,andSCM,informationsystembasedconstruction,fullintegrationinformationsystem,achievedinformationresourcesshared;toexpandPortalsystemapplicationofbreadthanddepth,playinformationsystemonenterpriseofAssistantrole;toperfectdailyrunmaintenanceoperationofrecords,promoteproblemreasonsanalysisandsystemhandover;tostrengtheningBFS++,andERP,andSCM,technologyapplicationoftraining,improveemployeesapplicationinformationsystemofcapacityandlevel.Humanisticcaretoensure"zero."　　TostrengtheningHumanitiescare,continuestofostercompanywindclear,andgasare,andheartShunofcultureatmosphere;strengtheninglovehelpedtrapped,caredifficultemployees;carriedoutstyleactivities,richemployeeslife;strengtheninghealthandlabourprotection,organizationcareerhealthmedical,controlcareeragainst;continuestoimplementationpsychologicalwarningpreventionsystem,trainingemployeeshealthofcharacter,andstableofmoodandenterprisingofattitude,createdfriendlyfraternityofHumanitiesenvironment.Tostrengthenriskmanagement,ensurethatthebusinessof"zerorisk".Tostrengthenedbusinessplansmanagement,willbusinessbusinessplanscovertoalllevel,ensurethebusinesscancontrolincontrol;tocloseconcernfinancial,andcoalelectriclinkage,andenergy-savingscheduling,nationalpolicytrends,strengtheningtrack,activeshould;toimplementationState-ownedassetsmethod,furtherspecificationbusinessfinancialmanagement;toperfectrisktubecontrolsystem,achievedriskrecognition,andmeasure,andassessment,andreport,andcontrolfeedbackofclosedringmanagement,improveriskpreventioncapacity.　　Tofurtherstandardizetrading,andstrivetoachieve"accordingtolaw,standardizeandfair."Innovationofperformancemanagement,toensurethatpotentialemployees"zerofly".Tostrengthenperformancemanagement,processcontrol,enhanceemployeeevaluationandlevelsofeffectivecommunicationtoimproveperformancemanagement.Tofurtherquantifyandrefineemployeestandards...Work,fullplayparty,andbranch,andmembersin"fivetypeEnterprise"constructionintheofcorerole,andfightingfortressroleandpioneermodelrole;tocontinuestostrengthening"fourgood"leadershipconstruction,fullplaylevelscadresinenterprisedevelopmentinthe七、劳动力组织（参见表8）表8劳动力组织表序号工种类别投入时间高峰时人数备注1开挖工开工时48开挖爆破2钢筋工开工时60（随工程进度逐步投入）初支、二衬3木工衬砌时18初支、二衬4混凝土工衬砌时30二衬5喷射工初支时224小时对班6机修工设备进场时12机械维修7司机开工时34（随工程进展逐渐增加）24小时对班8架子工初支开始后24初支、二衬9钳工开工时1机械维修10对焊工开工时3钢筋对焊11电工开工时3值班12普工开工时24配合其他工作合计259人八、质量要求本工法除执行施工设计图纸和相应规范的有关技术要求外，尚应注意以下事项：1、严格控制二次衬砌面与核心开挖面的距离。一般衬砌面与全断面初期支护面的距离不超过1.5D（D为洞室跨度），极限时不超过2D，并通过监控量测等信息手段及时进行动态控制，以充分保证工程质量和施工安全。2、格栅拱的连接做到牢固，喷混凝土要达到密实，锚杆确保全粘结。3、因断面特大，全断面衬砌时要注意挡头模的加固，防止爆模。4、全断面衬砌浇灌混凝土时应控制两侧混凝土的高度差最大不超过100cm。5、全断面台车在衬砌前应尽可能采取加固措施，同时衬砌台车门架上不得存放机具，材料，掉落的混凝土残碴及时清理，减小台车上的人为负荷。6、施工时设专职技术人员跟班作业，及时处理施工中存在的各种问题，严格按技术要求操作。抓好监测信息动态管理这项关键环节，及时调整施工方法，协调各工作面施工进度，使工程建设能全面达到安全、优质、高效。九、安全措施1、紧临既有建筑物的控制爆破除按工法所要求的进行爆破试验及控制措施外，施工中应严格控制单段装药量和雷管联线，当雷管段数不够时，可分多次起爆。2、充分保证初期支护的施工质量，准确把握开挖与衬砌各步序的关系，认真进行各工序的安全和质量检验，在各方面从根本上确保大断面隧道工程的施工安全。3、衬砌台车下部有行车通道，上部有衬砌作业人员，前方有开挖支护作业人员，因此，做好衬砌台车的安全防护是非常关键的。衬砌台车上必须认真牢固地悬挂安全防护网，并派专人定期和不定期检查，在两侧行车通道处悬挂交通标识，充分保证衬砌台车的照明需要。4、全面、及时、有效的进行监控量测，根据监控量测信息及时调整施工方案，协调各部的施工进度，使工程建设自始至终处于安全可控状态。recoveryandtreatmentinatimelymanner.Atthetimeofconstruction,shouldbetakentopreventdustandmudspillleak,measuressuchasthesewageoutflow,vehiclesstainedwithdirt,constructionwastesomeonetocleanup,toavoidpollutingtheenvironment3.2nightarrangementsofnoiseemittedbyconstructionequipment,mixernoiseemittedbymachineryandequipmentnexttofoamfornoisecontroltopreventnoisepollutionofthesurroundingenvironment.3.3constructionmanagersandconstructionpersonnel,specialoperationspersonnellistingjobs,siteoperators,leaders,managers,operators,wearingahelmetisdividedintored,blueandyellowspecies.3.4siteconstructionandcompany"scomprehensiveevaluation,checkscorespublishedexaminationresultsissuedonaregularbasis.4,constructionsiteenvironmentalprotectionmeasuresinordertoprotectandimprovethelivingenvironmentandtheecologicalenvironment,preventconstructionandoperationofpollutionandnuisance,safeguardthehealthofresidentsandworkersneartheconstructionarea,promotingthedevelopmentofSocialistconstruction,environmentalprotectionmustbetheconstructionsite.4.1dailybytheDeputyProjectManager,construction,safetyofficerfortheafternoonthesecondcomprehensiveselftest,whereaviolationoftheprovisionsoftheenvironmentprotectioninconstructionsitemustbepromptlyidentifiedandcorrectiveaction,madebyconstructionworkersonthedayoftheconstructionofthelogonpostrecords.4.2monthlybytheDepartmentofprojectstobechecked,accordingtotheenvironmentalprotectioninconstructionsiteinspection,evaluationcriteriaforinspectionscore,fillinthescoresheetasthebasisforsiteevaluationofsafeproductionandcivilized.Duringtheinspection,donotmeettheenvironmentalrequirementsofthe"three"(people,time,andmeasures)modification,implementationandreviewreviewthedutiesspecified.4.34.3.1pollutionpreventionmeasuresinconstructionsitecleanuprubbish,usedmotorvehicleshipments,nofreeairdispersioncausedbydust.Constructionofrefusetobecleaneduptoadesignatedlocation,nofeelfreetopileup,cleanedupandwhenadequatewatertoreducedust.4.3.2earthmovingconstructionsiteentrancesandsetthecarwash,andarrangeforsomeonetocleanuptire,notwheeldirtintootherroads,affectingthecityclean.4.3.3constructionroadconstructionsitebeforeconstructionreadyplansandsetting,makefulluseofredlinelayout,arrangementoftemporaryconstructionroad,grass-rootsenergising,pavementpavingthewayCokebutton,fineaggregate,andwateratalltimes,reduceroaddust.4.3.4constructionwhentheprotectionofurbanpublicfacilitieshavebeenbuilt,reasonablearrangementswithinthelotofconstructionorganization,constructiononthenormallifeoftheresidentsandtominimizetheimpactofleisure.4.3.5easycloudoffinematerialofbackbonebackbonerole;tofullstrengtheningmembersyouthwork,fullplayyouthemployeesincompanydevelopmentintheofforcerole;toimproveindependentCommissionagainstcorruptionworklevel,strengtheningonenterprisebusinesskeylinkofeffectivenessmonitored.,Andmaintainstability.Tofurtherstrengthenpublicityandeducation,improvetheoveralllegalsystem.Wemuststrengthensafetymanagement,establishandimprovetheeducation,supervision,andevaluationasoneofthetrafficsafetymanagementmechanism.　　ToconscientiouslysumuptheOlympicsecuritycontrols,promotingintegratedmanagementtoahigherlevel,higherstandards,ahigherlevelofdevelopment.Employees,todayislunarcalendaronDecember24,theoxBellisabouttoring,atthistimeofyear,weclearlyfeelthepulseoftheXXpowergenerationcompanytoflourish,tomoreclearlyhearXXpowergenerationcompaniesmatureandsymmetrybreathing.Recallingpastoneanotheracrossarailing,weareenthusiasticandfullofconfidence.Futuredevelopmentopportunities,wemoreexcitingfightmorespirited.　　Employees,letustogetheracross2013fullofchallengesandopportunities,tocreateagreen,low-costoperation,fullofhumanecareofaworld-classpowergenerationcompanyandworkhard!TheoccasionoftheSpringFestival,mysincerewishthatyouandthefamiliesofthestaffinthenewyear,goodhealth,happy,happy13 recoveryandtreatmentinatimelymanner.Atthetimeofconstruction,shouldbetakentopreventdustandmudspillleak,measuressuchasthesewageoutflow,vehiclesstainedwithdirt,constructionwastesomeonetocleanup,toavoidpollutingtheenvironment3.2nightarrangementsofnoiseemittedbyconstructionequipment,mixernoiseemittedbymachineryandequipmentnexttofoamfornoisecontroltopreventnoisepollutionofthesurroundingenvironment.3.3constructionmanagersandconstructionpersonnel,specialoperationspersonnellistingjobs,siteoperators,leaders,managers,operators,wearingahelmetisdividedintored,blueandyellowspecies.3.4siteconstructionandcompany"scomprehensiveevaluation,checkscorespublishedexaminationresultsissuedonaregularbasis.4,constructionsiteenvironmentalprotectionmeasuresinordertoprotectandimprovethelivingenvironmentandtheecologicalenvironment,preventconstructionandoperationofpollutionandnuisance,safeguardthehealthofresidentsandworkersneartheconstructionarea,promotingthedevelopmentofSocialistconstruction,environmentalprotectionmustbetheconstructionsite.4.1dailybytheDeputyProjectManager,construction,safetyofficerfortheafternoonthesecondcomprehensiveselftest,whereaviolationoftheprovisionsoftheenvironmentprotectioninconstructionsitemustbepromptlyidentifiedandcorrectiveaction,madebyconstructionworkersonthedayoftheconstructionofthelogonpostrecords.4.2monthlybytheDepartmentofprojectstobechecked,accordingtotheenvironmentalprotectioninconstructionsiteinspection,evaluationcriteriaforinspectionscore,fillinthescoresheetasthebasisforsiteevaluationofsafeproductionandcivilized.Duringtheinspection,donotmeettheenvironmentalrequirementsofthe"three"(people,time,andmeasures)modification,implementationandreviewreviewthedutiesspecified.4.34.3.1pollutionpreventionmeasuresinconstructionsitecleanuprubbish,usedmotorvehicleshipments,nofreeairdispersioncausedbydust.Constructionofrefusetobecleaneduptoadesignatedlocation,nofeelfreetopileup,cleanedupandwhenadequatewatertoreducedust.4.3.2earthmovingconstructionsiteentrancesandsetthecarwash,andarrangeforsomeonetocleanuptire,notwheeldirtintootherroads,affectingthecityclean.4.3.3constructionroadconstructionsitebeforeconstructionreadyplansandsetting,makefulluseofredlinelayout,arrangementoftemporaryconstructionroad,grass-rootsenergising,pavementpavingthewayCokebutton,fineaggregate,andwateratalltimes,reduceroaddust.4.3.4constructionwhentheprotectionofurbanpublicfacilitieshavebeenbuilt,reasonablearrangementswithinthelotofconstructionorganization,constructiononthenormallifeoftheresidentsandtominimizetheimpactofleisure.4.3.5easycloudoffinematerialWewillcontinuetoimprovethecompany"sinternalcontrolsystem,andsteadyimprovementinabilitytomanageandcontrol,optimizebusinessprocesses,toensuresmoothprocesses,responsibilitiesinplace;tofurtherstrengtheninternalcontrols,playacontrolpostindependentoversightroleofevaluationcomplyingwiththird-partyresponsibility;toactivelymakeuseofinternalaudittoolsdetectpotentialmanagement,streamline,standardizerelatedtransactions,strengtheningoperationsinaccordancewithlaw.Deepeningtheinformationmanagementtoensurefullcommunication"zeroresistance".　　ToconstantlyperfectERP,andBFS++,andPI,andMIS,andSCM,informationsystembasedconstruction,fullintegrationinformationsystem,achievedinformationresourcesshared;toexpandPortalsystemapplicationofbreadthanddepth,playinformationsystemonenterpriseofAssistantrole;toperfectdailyrunmaintenanceoperationofrecords,promoteproblemreasonsanalysisandsystemhandover;tostrengtheningBFS++,andERP,andSCM,technologyapplicationoftraining,improveemployeesapplicationinformationsystemofcapacityandlevel.Humanisticcaretoensure"zero."　　TostrengtheningHumanitiescare,continuestofostercompanywindclear,andgasare,andheartShunofcultureatmosphere;strengtheninglovehelpedtrapped,caredifficultemployees;carriedoutstyleactivities,richemployeeslife;strengtheninghealthandlabourprotection,organizationcareerhealthmedical,controlcareeragainst;continuestoimplementationpsychologicalwarningpreventionsystem,trainingemployeeshealthofcharacter,andstableofmoodandenterprisingofattitude,createdfriendlyfraternityofHumanitiesenvironment.Tostrengthenriskmanagement,ensurethatthebusinessof"zerorisk".Tostrengthenedbusinessplansmanagement,willbusinessbusinessplanscovertoalllevel,ensurethebusinesscancontrolincontrol;tocloseconcernfinancial,andcoalelectriclinkage,andenergy-savingscheduling,nationalpolicytrends,strengtheningtrack,activeshould;toimplementationState-ownedassetsmethod,furtherspecificationbusinessfinancialmanagement;toperfectrisktubecontrolsystem,achievedriskrecognition,andmeasure,andassessment,andreport,andcontrolfeedbackofclosedringmanagement,improveriskpreventioncapacity.　　Tofurtherstandardizetrading,andstrivetoachieve"accordingtolaw,standardizeandfair."Innovationofperformancemanagement,toensurethatpotentialemployees"zerofly".Tostrengthenperformancemanagement,processcontrol,enhanceemployeeevaluationandlevelsofeffectivecommunicationtoimproveperformancemanagement.Tofurtherquantifyandrefineemployeestandards...Work,fullplayparty,andbranch,andmembersin"fivetypeEnterprise"constructionintheofcorerole,andfightingfortressroleandpioneermodelrole;tocontinuestostrengthening"fourgood"leadershipconstruction,fullplaylevelscadresinenterprisedevelopmentinthe十、效益分析本工法采用了双侧壁导洞预留核心岩柱的开挖方法，在特大断面浅埋隧道仍采用了全断面整体式台车衬砌，使城市浅埋、硬岩、环境复杂类的大跨、大高差隧道能采用暗挖法施工，不受场地、环境、天气变化及夜间施工限制，施工速度快、环境污染小、噪音低，对地面交通及周围居民生活影响小，能节约大量工程拆迁等间接投资。其控制爆破技术全面满足了爆破振速在1.5cm/s～2.0cm/s以内，爆破影响围岩松动圈在1.5m～2m以内，以及各项变形控制指标，对类似工程的爆破控制和既有建筑设施保护有重要指导意义。本工法使导坑先行、先墙后拱、拱部跳槽开挖的设计方案优化为导坑先行、全断面衬砌方案，大大提高了施工进度，全面保证了工程质量和安全。临江门车站工程应用本工法，工期提前8.6个月。竣工验收时，与会单位纷纷对本工程给予了高度评价，一致通过了竣工验收，核定工程质量等级优良，取得了良好的经济效益和社会效益。十一、工程实例实例：重庆轻轨较新线一期工程临江门车站1、工程特点重庆轻轨较新线一期工程临江门车站位于重庆市渝中区解放碑商业步行街下，全长198m，为浅埋硬岩特大断面隧道，该隧道具有以下特点：①、断面特大：开挖宽度23.04m，高度20.885m，开挖断面面积420.96m2。②、周边环境复杂：工程位于市中心区，地表为商业步行街，两侧高层建筑林立，与隧道距离近，最近的世贸中心大厦与隧道边界水平距离仅4.5m。且其基础位于隧道拱腰上。③、隧道穿过既有洞室群：车站隧道穿过由27条既有人防洞组成的洞室群，人防洞室极不规则，与车站隧道相交、平行或重叠，构成了复杂的地质情况。④、岩石较硬：隧道围岩基本为砂岩和砂质泥岩，属Ⅱ级。本来岩石越硬、整体越好，对隧道的稳定性越有利，但同时给紧临高层建筑的爆破地震动控制带来难度。⑤、埋深浅：隧道埋深仅10.5～14.5m，其中地表覆土层厚4～6m，拱顶围岩不能形成压力拱，围岩不具备自稳条件。⑥、交叉口多：车站隧道与共14条风道、通道、区间隧道相连，交叉口特别多。2、设计参数①、初期支护与临时支护设计初期支护为C25钢筋网喷钢纤维混凝土，厚度为300mm，钢筋格栅拱每50cm一道，临时支撑采用20B工字钢，每50cm一道，核心岩柱采用50mmC20素喷混凝土临时支护，通过50cm长Ф22药卷锚杆将临时支撑固定在核心岩柱上。锚杆采用R25L3500mm中空注浆全粘结锚杆，拱部间距50cm×80cm，边墙间距80cm×100cm。②、二次衬砌：采用双层Ф22钢筋网C30P8混凝土，Ф22主筋间距16.7cm，纵向钢筋为Ф10钢筋，间距20cm，衬砌厚度80cm，临近世贸中心大厦段钢筋网为四层。3、施工结果该车站隧道于2001年8月10日开工，至2003年3月27日完工，由于事先进行了详细的方案论证和风险分析，采取了较多的安全保障措施，整个工程施工非常顺利，施工过程中未发生任何重大安全和质量事故，工期提前8.6个月，深得业主的赞赏，工程平均进度折合成洞米为9.9m/月。recoveryandtreatmentinatimelymanner.Atthetimeofconstruction,shouldbetakentopreventdustandmudspillleak,measuressuchasthesewageoutflow,vehiclesstainedwithdirt,constructionwastesomeonetocleanup,toavoidpollutingtheenvironment3.2nightarrangementsofnoiseemittedbyconstructionequipment,mixernoiseemittedbymachineryandequipmentnexttofoamfornoisecontroltopreventnoisepollutionofthesurroundingenvironment.3.3constructionmanagersandconstructionpersonnel,specialoperationspersonnellistingjobs,siteoperators,leaders,managers,operators,wearingahelmetisdividedintored,blueandyellowspecies.3.4siteconstructionandcompany"scomprehensiveevaluation,checkscorespublishedexaminationresultsissuedonaregularbasis.4,constructionsiteenvironmentalprotectionmeasuresinordertoprotectandimprovethelivingenvironmentandtheecologicalenvironment,preventconstructionandoperationofpollutionandnuisance,safeguardthehealthofresidentsandworkersneartheconstructionarea,promotingthedevelopmentofSocialistconstruction,environmentalprotectionmustbetheconstructionsite.4.1dailybytheDeputyProjectManager,construction,safetyofficerfortheafternoonthesecondcomprehensiveselftest,whereaviolationoftheprovisionsoftheenvironmentprotectioninconstructionsitemustbepromptlyidentifiedandcorrectiveaction,madebyconstructionworkersonthedayoftheconstructionofthelogonpostrecords.4.2monthlybytheDepartmentofprojectstobechecked,accordingtotheenvironmentalprotectioninconstructionsiteinspection,evaluationcriteriaforinspectionscore,fillinthescoresheetasthebasisforsiteevaluationofsafeproductionandcivilized.Duringtheinspection,donotmeettheenvironmentalrequirementsofthe"three"(people,time,andmeasures)modification,implementationandreviewreviewthedutiesspecified.4.34.3.1pollutionpreventionmeasuresinconstructionsitecleanuprubbish,usedmotorvehicleshipments,nofreeairdispersioncausedbydust.Constructionofrefusetobecleaneduptoadesignatedlocation,nofeelfreetopileup,cleanedupandwhenadequatewatertoreducedust.4.3.2earthmovingconstructionsiteentrancesandsetthecarwash,andarrangeforsomeonetocleanuptire,notwheeldirtintootherroads,affectingthecityclean.4.3.3constructionroadconstructionsitebeforeconstructionreadyplansandsetting,makefulluseofredlinelayout,arrangementoftemporaryconstructionroad,grass-rootsenergising,pavementpavingthewayCokebutton,fineaggregate,andwateratalltimes,reduceroaddust.4.3.4constructionwhentheprotectionofurbanpublicfacilitieshavebeenbuilt,reasonablearrangementswithinthelotofconstructionorganization,constructiononthenormallifeoftheresidentsandtominimizetheimpactofleisure.4.3.5easycloudoffinematerialofbackbonebackbonerole;tofullstrengtheningmembersyouthwork,fullplayyouthemployeesincompanydevelopmentintheofforcerole;toimproveindependentCommissionagainstcorruptionworklevel,strengtheningonenterprisebusinesskeylinkofeffectivenessmonitored.,Andmaintainstability.Tofurtherstrengthenpublicityandeducation,improvetheoveralllegalsystem.Wemuststrengthensafetymanagement,establishandimprovetheeducation,supervision,andevaluationasoneofthetrafficsafetymanagementmechanism.　　ToconscientiouslysumuptheOlympicsecuritycontrols,promotingintegratedmanagementtoahigherlevel,higherstandards,ahigherlevelofdevelopment.Employees,todayislunarcalendaronDecember24,theoxBellisabouttoring,atthistimeofyear,weclearlyfeelthepulseoftheXXpowergenerationcompanytoflourish,tomoreclearlyhearXXpowergenerationcompaniesmatureandsymmetrybreathing.Recallingpastoneanotheracrossarailing,weareenthusiasticandfullofconfidence.Futuredevelopmentopportunities,wemoreexcitingfightmorespirited.　　Employees,letustogetheracross2013fullofchallengesandopportunities,tocreateagreen,low-costoperation,fullofhumanecareofaworld-classpowergenerationcompanyandworkhard!TheoccasionoftheSpringFestival,mysincerewishthatyouandthefamiliesofthestaffinthenewyear,goodhealth,happy,happy13'