毛石挡土墙施工工艺.doc

'ndoverallleadershipresponsibilityforsafety.AdministrativeDeputyiswithinthescopeoftheirrespectiveresponsibilitiesatvariouslevelsofsecurityresponsibility,inchargeofsecurityworkinthecontextofleadership,responsibletotheChief.Fifthopenpitproductionsafetyaccidentinvestigationsystem,performedonaproductionsafetyaccident"fourno"principle.Imposedonproductionsafetyaccidentreportstepbystepreportingthreechannels,namely,UnitChief,administrationandsafetysupervisionsystemcounterparttosuperiorleadership,reportsinatimelymanner.Sixthpitmustimplementthe"whoisinchargeofwho"sincharge"and"hosemustbesafe"principlesinplanning,layout,checkproductionwork,summarizedandevaluatedatthesametime,plans,features,review,summary,ratingsafetywork.Firmlyestablishing"safetyistheeffectiveness,safetyisthecredibility,safetyisthecompetitiveness"awareness,tomakesafetywork.Seventhminingtradeunionorganizationaccordingtolawtheworkerstoparticipateintheworksafetyofdemocraticmanagementanddemocraticsupervision,safeguardworkers"legitimaterightsandinterestsinrespectofsafety.PersonaldeathandaTradeUnionhastherighttoparticipateinthemajoraccidentinvestigations,relyonthemassestodoproductionsafetywork.Eighthpitmustbebasedonrelevantlawsandregulations,industrystandardsandcompanyandGod"sstandards,rulesandregulationsissuedbythecompany,developingrulesandregulationsforcoalproduction,institutionalizationan1 适用范围本工艺标准适用于一般工业与民用建筑毛石基础的砌筑工程。2  施工准备    2．1  材料：    2．1．1  石料：其品种、规格、颜色必须符合设计要求和有关施工规范的规定，应有出厂合格证。风化石严禁使用。    2．1．2  砂：宜用粗、中砂。配制小于M5的砂浆，砂的含泥量不得超过10％；等于或大于M5的砂浆，砂的含泥量不得超过5％，不得含有草根等杂物。    2．1．3  水泥：一般采用P.O32.5级矿渣硅酸盐水泥和普通硅酸盐水泥，有出厂证明及复试单。如出厂日期超过三个月，应按复验结果使用。2．1．4  水：应用自来水或不含有害物质的洁净水。2．1．5  其它材料：拉结筋，预埋件应做好防腐处理。    2．2  施工机具：应备有搅拌机、筛子、铁锨、小手锤、大铲、托线板、线坠、水平尺、钢卷尺、小白线、半截大桶、扫帚、工具袋、手推车、挂线架等。2．3  作业条件：2．3．1  基槽：土方已完成，并办完隐检手续。    2．3．2  已放好基础轴线及边线；因毛石基础不能用皮数杆，根据基础截面形状，做台阶形砌筑挂线架 (一般间距15～20m培养学生的阅读习惯，通过阅读欣赏短文，引导学生感悟大自然的美，激发热爱家乡的感情。语文生活，让学生认识到生活中处处有语文，学习语文应走出课堂，在生活中自主地认字。通过口语交际，培养学生交流的兴趣和交际能力。 ndoverallleadershipresponsibilityforsafety.AdministrativeDeputyiswithinthescopeoftheirrespectiveresponsibilitiesatvariouslevelsofsecurityresponsibility,inchargeofsecurityworkinthecontextofleadership,responsibletotheChief.Fifthopenpitproductionsafetyaccidentinvestigationsystem,performedonaproductionsafetyaccident"fourno"principle.Imposedonproductionsafetyaccidentreportstepbystepreportingthreechannels,namely,UnitChief,administrationandsafetysupervisionsystemcounterparttosuperiorleadership,reportsinatimelymanner.Sixthpitmustimplementthe"whoisinchargeofwho"sincharge"and"hosemustbesafe"principlesinplanning,layout,checkproductionwork,summarizedandevaluatedatthesametime,plans,features,review,summary,ratingsafetywork.Firmlyestablishing"safetyistheeffectiveness,safetyisthecredibility,safetyisthecompetitiveness"awareness,tomakesafetywork.Seventhminingtradeunionorganizationaccordingtolawtheworkerstoparticipateintheworksafetyofdemocraticmanagementanddemocraticsupervision,safeguardworkers"legitimaterightsandinterestsinrespectofsafety.PersonaldeathandaTradeUnionhastherighttoparticipateinthemajoraccidentinvestigations,relyonthemassestodoproductionsafetywork.Eighthpitmustbebasedonrelevantlawsandregulations,industrystandardsandcompanyandGod"sstandards,rulesandregulationsissuedbythecompany,developingrulesandregulationsforcoalproduction,institutionalizationan，转角处均应设立)，以此作为砌石依据，并办完预检手续。2．3．3  基槽应清理干净，表面不能有浮土。                                                2．3．4  砂浆配合比已经试验室确定，现场准备好砂浆试模（6块为一组）。3  操作工艺3．1 工艺流程砂浆搅拌  作业准备→试排撂底→砌毛石→验收  　3．2  砌筑前，应对弹好的线进行复查，位置、尺寸应符合设计要求，根据进场石料的规格、尺寸进行试排、撂底，确定组砌方法。  　3．3  砂浆拌制：  　3．3．1  砂浆配合比应用重量比，水泥计量精度在±2％以内，砂，掺合料为±3％以内。3．3．2  宜用机械搅拌，投料顺序为砂—水泥—掺合料—水， 搅拌时间应符合下列规定：水泥砂浆和水泥混合砂浆不少于2min；水泥粉煤灰砂浆和掺用外加剂的砂浆不少于3min；掺用有机塑化剂的砂浆应为3～5min。                                                     3．3．3  砂浆应随拌随用，一般水泥砂浆和水泥混合砂浆须在拌成后3h和4h内使用完，不允许使用过夜砂浆。当施工气温最高超过30℃时，应分别在拌成后2h和3h内使用完毕。                                     3．3．4  基础按一个检验批，且不超过250m3培养学生的阅读习惯，通过阅读欣赏短文，引导学生感悟大自然的美，激发热爱家乡的感情。语文生活，让学生认识到生活中处处有语文，学习语文应走出课堂，在生活中自主地认字。通过口语交际，培养学生交流的兴趣和交际能力。 ndoverallleadershipresponsibilityforsafety.AdministrativeDeputyiswithinthescopeoftheirrespectiveresponsibilitiesatvariouslevelsofsecurityresponsibility,inchargeofsecurityworkinthecontextofleadership,responsibletotheChief.Fifthopenpitproductionsafetyaccidentinvestigationsystem,performedonaproductionsafetyaccident"fourno"principle.Imposedonproductionsafetyaccidentreportstepbystepreportingthreechannels,namely,UnitChief,administrationandsafetysupervisionsystemcounterparttosuperiorleadership,reportsinatimelymanner.Sixthpitmustimplementthe"whoisinchargeofwho"sincharge"and"hosemustbesafe"principlesinplanning,layout,checkproductionwork,summarizedandevaluatedatthesametime,plans,features,review,summary,ratingsafetywork.Firmlyestablishing"safetyistheeffectiveness,safetyisthecredibility,safetyisthecompetitiveness"awareness,tomakesafetywork.Seventhminingtradeunionorganizationaccordingtolawtheworkerstoparticipateintheworksafetyofdemocraticmanagementanddemocraticsupervision,safeguardworkers"legitimaterightsandinterestsinrespectofsafety.PersonaldeathandaTradeUnionhastherighttoparticipateinthemajoraccidentinvestigations,relyonthemassestodoproductionsafetywork.Eighthpitmustbebasedonrelevantlawsandregulations,industrystandardsandcompanyandGod"sstandards,rulesandregulationsissuedbythecompany,developingrulesandregulationsforcoalproduction,institutionalizationan砌体的各种砂浆，每台搅拌机至少做一组试块（一组六块），如砂浆强度等级或配合比变更时，还应制作试块。3．4  毛石砌筑：3．4．1  毛石基础第一皮砖应座浆，并将大面朝下，最上面一皮宜选较大的毛石砌筑。  　3．4．2  毛石基础水平灰缝厚度不宜大于20mm，大石缝中，先填1/3—1/2的水泥砂浆，再用小石子、石片塞入其中，轻轻敲实。砌筑时，上下皮石间一定要用拉结石，把内外层石块拉接成整体，且拉结石长度应大于基础宽的2/3，在立面看时呈梅花形，上下左右错开。  　3．4．3  基础石墙长度超过设计规定时，应按设计要求设置变形缝，分段砌筑时，其砌筑高低差不得超过1.2m。  　3．4．4  毛石基础的转角处和交接处要同时砌筑，如不能同时砌筑，则应留成大踏步磋。当大放脚收台结束，需砌正墙时，该台阶面要用水泥砂浆和小石块大致找平，便于上面正墙的砌筑。      　3．4．5  基础石墙每砌3～4皮为一个分层高度，每个分层度高应找平一次；外露面的灰缝厚度不得大于40mm，两个分层高度间分层处的错缝不得小于80mm。3．5  冬雨期施工： 　 3．5．1  当预计连续10d内日平均气温低于5℃或当日低气温低于一3℃时，即进人冬期施工。  　3．5．2  冬期施工宜采用普通硅酸盐水泥，按冬期施工方案对水、砂进行加热，砂浆使用时的温度应在+5℃培养学生的阅读习惯，通过阅读欣赏短文，引导学生感悟大自然的美，激发热爱家乡的感情。语文生活，让学生认识到生活中处处有语文，学习语文应走出课堂，在生活中自主地认字。通过口语交际，培养学生交流的兴趣和交际能力。 ndoverallleadershipresponsibilityforsafety.AdministrativeDeputyiswithinthescopeoftheirrespectiveresponsibilitiesatvariouslevelsofsecurityresponsibility,inchargeofsecurityworkinthecontextofleadership,responsibletotheChief.Fifthopenpitproductionsafetyaccidentinvestigationsystem,performedonaproductionsafetyaccident"fourno"principle.Imposedonproductionsafetyaccidentreportstepbystepreportingthreechannels,namely,UnitChief,administrationandsafetysupervisionsystemcounterparttosuperiorleadership,reportsinatimelymanner.Sixthpitmustimplementthe"whoisinchargeofwho"sincharge"and"hosemustbesafe"principlesinplanning,layout,checkproductionwork,summarizedandevaluatedatthesametime,plans,features,review,summary,ratingsafetywork.Firmlyestablishing"safetyistheeffectiveness,safetyisthecredibility,safetyisthecompetitiveness"awareness,tomakesafetywork.Seventhminingtradeunionorganizationaccordingtolawtheworkerstoparticipateintheworksafetyofdemocraticmanagementanddemocraticsupervision,safeguardworkers"legitimaterightsandinterestsinrespectofsafety.PersonaldeathandaTradeUnionhastherighttoparticipateinthemajoraccidentinvestigations,relyonthemassestodoproductionsafetywork.Eighthpitmustbebasedonrelevantlawsandregulations,industrystandardsandcompanyandGod"sstandards,rulesandregulationsissuedbythecompany,developingrulesandregulationsforcoalproduction,institutionalizationan以上。  　3．5．3  雨期施工应防止雨水冲刷墙体、下班收工时应覆盖砌体上表面，每天砌筑高度不宜超过1.2m。4  质量标准4．1 主控项目：4．1．1 石材及砂浆强度等级必须符合设计要求。    抽检数量：同一产地的石材至少应抽检一组。砂浆试块的抽检数量执行规范的有关规定。    检验方法：料石检查产品质量证明书，石材、砂浆检查试块试验报告。4．1．2  砂浆饱满度不应小于80％。    抽检数量：每步架抽查不应少于1处。    检验方法：观察检查。4．1．3 石砌体的轴线位置及垂直度允许偏差应符合表9-3-1的规定。石砌体的轴线位置及垂直度允许偏差               表9-3-1项次项目允许偏差(mm)检验方法毛石砌体料石砌体基础墙毛料石粗料石细料石基础墙基础墙墙、柱1轴线位置20152015151010 用经纬仪和尺检查，或用其他测量仪器检查2墙面垂直度每层2020107 用经纬仪、吊线和尺检查或用其他测量仪器检查全高30302520培养学生的阅读习惯，通过阅读欣赏短文，引导学生感悟大自然的美，激发热爱家乡的感情。语文生活，让学生认识到生活中处处有语文，学习语文应走出课堂，在生活中自主地认字。通过口语交际，培养学生交流的兴趣和交际能力。 ndoverallleadershipresponsibilityforsafety.AdministrativeDeputyiswithinthescopeoftheirrespectiveresponsibilitiesatvariouslevelsofsecurityresponsibility,inchargeofsecurityworkinthecontextofleadership,responsibletotheChief.Fifthopenpitproductionsafetyaccidentinvestigationsystem,performedonaproductionsafetyaccident"fourno"principle.Imposedonproductionsafetyaccidentreportstepbystepreportingthreechannels,namely,UnitChief,administrationandsafetysupervisionsystemcounterparttosuperiorleadership,reportsinatimelymanner.Sixthpitmustimplementthe"whoisinchargeofwho"sincharge"and"hosemustbesafe"principlesinplanning,layout,checkproductionwork,summarizedandevaluatedatthesametime,plans,features,review,summary,ratingsafetywork.Firmlyestablishing"safetyistheeffectiveness,safetyisthecredibility,safetyisthecompetitiveness"awareness,tomakesafetywork.Seventhminingtradeunionorganizationaccordingtolawtheworkerstoparticipateintheworksafetyofdemocraticmanagementanddemocraticsupervision,safeguardworkers"legitimaterightsandinterestsinrespectofsafety.PersonaldeathandaTradeUnionhastherighttoparticipateinthemajoraccidentinvestigations,relyonthemassestodoproductionsafetywork.Eighthpitmustbebasedonrelevantlawsandregulations,industrystandardsandcompanyandGod"sstandards,rulesandregulationsissuedbythecompany,developingrulesandregulationsforcoalproduction,institutionalizationan    抽检数量：外墙，按楼层(或4m高以内)每20m抽查1处，每处3延长米，但不应少于3处；内墙，按有代表性的自然间抽查10％，但不应少于3间，每间不应少于2处，柱子不应少于5根。4．2 一般项目4．2．1 石砌体的一般尺寸允许偏差应符合表9-3-2的规定。抽检数量：外墙，按楼层(4m高以内)每20m抽查1处，每处3延长米，但不应少于3处；内墙，按有代表性的自然间抽查10％，但不应少于3间，每间不应少于2处，柱子不应少于5根。4．2．2 石砌体的组砌形式应符合下列规定：1 内外搭砌，上下错缝，拉结石、丁砌石交错设置；    2 毛石墙拉结石每0.7m2墙面不应少于1块。检查数量：外墙，按楼层(或4m高以内)每20m抽查1处，每处3延长米，但不应少于3处；内墙，按有代表性的自然间抽查10％，但不应少于3间。检验方法：观察检查。5 成品保护5．1  毛石基础砌筑完后，未经有关人员检查验收，轴线桩、水准桩、砌筑挂线架应加以保护，不得碰坏、拆除。   5．2  毛石基础中埋设的构造筋应注意保护，不得随意踩倒弯折。5．3  毛石基础中予留的洞应事先留出，禁止事后敲凿 石砌体的一般尺寸允许偏差                   表9-3-2培养学生的阅读习惯，通过阅读欣赏短文，引导学生感悟大自然的美，激发热爱家乡的感情。语文生活，让学生认识到生活中处处有语文，学习语文应走出课堂，在生活中自主地认字。通过口语交际，培养学生交流的兴趣和交际能力。 ndoverallleadershipresponsibilityforsafety.AdministrativeDeputyiswithinthescopeoftheirrespectiveresponsibilitiesatvariouslevelsofsecurityresponsibility,inchargeofsecurityworkinthecontextofleadership,responsibletotheChief.Fifthopenpitproductionsafetyaccidentinvestigationsystem,performedonaproductionsafetyaccident"fourno"principle.Imposedonproductionsafetyaccidentreportstepbystepreportingthreechannels,namely,UnitChief,administrationandsafetysupervisionsystemcounterparttosuperiorleadership,reportsinatimelymanner.Sixthpitmustimplementthe"whoisinchargeofwho"sincharge"and"hosemustbesafe"principlesinplanning,layout,checkproductionwork,summarizedandevaluatedatthesametime,plans,features,review,summary,ratingsafetywork.Firmlyestablishing"safetyistheeffectiveness,safetyisthecredibility,safetyisthecompetitiveness"awareness,tomakesafetywork.Seventhminingtradeunionorganizationaccordingtolawtheworkerstoparticipateintheworksafetyofdemocraticmanagementanddemocraticsupervision,safeguardworkers"legitimaterightsandinterestsinrespectofsafety.PersonaldeathandaTradeUnionhastherighttoparticipateinthemajoraccidentinvestigations,relyonthemassestodoproductionsafetywork.Eighthpitmustbebasedonrelevantlawsandregulations,industrystandardsandcompanyandGod"sstandards,rulesandregulationsissuedbythecompany,developingrulesandregulationsforcoalproduction,institutionalizationan项次项  目允许偏差(mm)检验方法毛石砌体料石砌体基础墙基础墙基础墙墙、柱1基础和墙砌体顶面标高±25±15±25±15±15±15±10用水准仪和尺检查2砌体厚度+30+20-10+30+20-10+15+10-5+10-5用尺检查3表面平整度清水墙、柱—20—20—lO5细料石用2m靠尺和楔形塞尺检查，其他用两直尺垂直于灰缝拉2m线和尺检查混水墙、柱—20—20—15—4清水墙水平灰缝平直度—————105拉10m线和尺检查                                                6培养学生的阅读习惯，通过阅读欣赏短文，引导学生感悟大自然的美，激发热爱家乡的感情。语文生活，让学生认识到生活中处处有语文，学习语文应走出课堂，在生活中自主地认字。通过口语交际，培养学生交流的兴趣和交际能力。 ndoverallleadershipresponsibilityforsafety.AdministrativeDeputyiswithinthescopeoftheirrespectiveresponsibilitiesatvariouslevelsofsecurityresponsibility,inchargeofsecurityworkinthecontextofleadership,responsibletotheChief.Fifthopenpitproductionsafetyaccidentinvestigationsystem,performedonaproductionsafetyaccident"fourno"principle.Imposedonproductionsafetyaccidentreportstepbystepreportingthreechannels,namely,UnitChief,administrationandsafetysupervisionsystemcounterparttosuperiorleadership,reportsinatimelymanner.Sixthpitmustimplementthe"whoisinchargeofwho"sincharge"and"hosemustbesafe"principlesinplanning,layout,checkproductionwork,summarizedandevaluatedatthesametime,plans,features,review,summary,ratingsafetywork.Firmlyestablishing"safetyistheeffectiveness,safetyisthecredibility,safetyisthecompetitiveness"awareness,tomakesafetywork.Seventhminingtradeunionorganizationaccordingtolawtheworkerstoparticipateintheworksafetyofdemocraticmanagementanddemocraticsupervision,safeguardworkers"legitimaterightsandinterestsinrespectofsafety.PersonaldeathandaTradeUnionhastherighttoparticipateinthemajoraccidentinvestigations,relyonthemassestodoproductionsafetywork.Eighthpitmustbebasedonrelevantlawsandregulations,industrystandardsandcompanyandGod"sstandards,rulesandregulationsissuedbythecompany,developingrulesandregulationsforcoalproduction,institutionalizationan注意事项6．1  砂浆强度不稳定：材料计量要准确，搅拌时间要达到规定要求。试块的制作、养护、试压要符合规定。6．2  水平灰缝不直：挂线架应立牢固，标高一致，砌筑时小线要拉紧，穿平墙面，砌筑跟线。6．3  毛石质量不符合要求：对进场的毛石品种、规格、颜色验收时要严格把关。不符合要求的拒收、不用。   　6．4  勾缝粗糙：应叨灰操作，灰缝深度一致，横竖缝交接平整，表面洁净。7  质量记录本工艺标准应具备以下质量记录：7．1  材料（毛石、水泥、砂等）出厂合格证及复试报告。7．2  砂浆试块试验报告。7．3  各检验批验收记录。7．4  隐检、预检记录。7．5  施工记录。培养学生的阅读习惯，通过阅读欣赏短文，引导学生感悟大自然的美，激发热爱家乡的感情。语文生活，让学生认识到生活中处处有语文，学习语文应走出课堂，在生活中自主地认字。通过口语交际，培养学生交流的兴趣和交际能力。'