室内一般抹灰施工工艺标准

'WiththeShaanxiExpresswaynetworkingtoll,tollextensionbusinessisnowweighingchargesforstoragechargesdatabasesecurityandbackupofbusinessdatahasbecomemoreprominent.Aftertwoyearsofoperation,moreandmoreawarenessoftheoperatingunitstodatabasestabilityissuesisaproblemnottobeignored.Simpleexamplessuchas:failureoftheserversanddatabases,generalmaintenanceandmanagementstaff,inmanycases,cannotbeindependentandquickrecovery,hadanimpactonproduction.Soweneedaproperdatabackupsolutions.Databaseisthecoreofthewholesystem,databasesecurityshouldpaymoreattention.Therefore,theformulationofappropriatedatabasebackupstrategy,istomaintaindatabasesecuritynormsaswellastheguidelines,tobackupthedataitneedsfromthetechnical,aswellasadministrativelyregulated.Indatasecurity,datasecuritystrategyistomaintaintheintegrity,confidentialityandavailabilityofinformation.Therefore,databasesecuritypolicywillfocusonthesethreepoints,includingphysicalsecurity,accesscontrol,databackupandemergencyresponse.Here,inthetollcollectionsystemintheprovinceusestheSQLServerdatabaseasanexampletoillustratetheideaofdevelopingitssecuritypolicy.1researchbackgroundofconstructionofnetworkedExpresswaytollcollectionsystemreducedthenumberofdriversvehiclesintheroadnetworkandimproveroadcapacity,reducingenvironmentalpollutionduetoparking,enhancetheeconomicbenefitsofHighwayandsocialimage.ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollbeganinMay2004,asofnowtherearemorethan200dataserver,asmoresectionsofgrid-connectedcharges,chargesdataasthecoreofthewholesystem,itisnecessarytoestablishasetofdatasecurityandreliablesolution.2purposethistimethroughtheanalysisofnetworkdatainserverhealth,ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystembasedondata,statisticalmethodsofdatastorage,dataresearch,originalchargeaspossiblesecurity,integrityandprivacyofdata.Fortheopeningsectionafterincorporationfeesprovideareliablesetofdatasecuritypolicies.3databasesecuritysituationintheprovinceShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystemoverview3.1database-tiersystems,managementsystems,branch-levelmanagementsystem,theprovincialnetworkcentresplitandtransfersystem,four-levelsystem.Eachsystemhasitsownseparatedataserverisusedtostoretheircollectionofpremiumbusinessdata,providethebasisforstatisticalanalysis.1,stand-levelserverstoragefeescollectedfromtolllanesflowingdataandpassonthissiteblessingKaku,cartridgeinformationwithinthissite,cardboxallocation,cartridgecombinationofinformationandfrequencyinformation.2,themainstorageserverserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataandthepassofblessingKaku,theinternalcartridgeinformation,reallocationofthecartridgeandcartridgecombination,personnelinformation,flightinformation,chargestheactualpaymentdataentrywork.3,Center-classserverstorageserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataWaterdataintegritycanbeupandrunning.Sowhenadatabaseserverfails,youdonotneedtopassdatatorecover,simplythroughthecollectionprocedureforchargingwaterdatacollectiontocompletethefastrecoveryofserverfailures.4.4analysissummarysummaryanalysis,lanebecauseitisnotacompletestationleveldata,sothereisnoneedfordedicatedbackup.Stand-levelserverdatabecauseitisatthefrontofthechargeasawhole,itsfaultdirectlyaffectstheexercisenormally,youneedacompleteoffsitebackupsolution.Management,anddatacenterserver,duetoitsoperationswithoutmanualdataentry,sojustusecommonartificialscheduledbackupscanbe.5solutionsinordertoensurethatwhentheserverafterahardwarefailover,backupdatawithoutchangesoronlyminorchangescanbequickandeasytroubleshootingofserverdatarecovery,you一般抹灰施工工艺1本标准适用于建筑工程中室内一般抹灰的施工2施工准备（1）材料1）水泥：硅酸盐水泥、普通硅酸盐水泥强度等级不低于32.5。严禁不同品种、不同强度等级的水泥混用。水泥进场应有产品合格证和出厂检验报告，进场后应进行取样复试。水泥的凝结时间和安定性复验合格。当对水泥质量有怀疑或水泥出厂超过3个月时，在使用前必须进行复试，并按复试结果使用。2）砂：平均粒径为0.35~0.5mm的中砂，砂的颗粒要求质地坚硬、洁净，含泥量不得大于3%，不得含有草根、树叶、碱质和其他有机物等杂质。使用前应按使用要求过不同孔径的筛子。3）石灰膏：应用块状生石灰淋制，淋制时用筛网过滤，孔径不大于3mm，储存在沉淀池中。熟化时间，常温一般不少于15d；用于罩面灰时，熟化时间不应少于30d。使用时石灰膏内不应含有未熟化的颗粒和其他杂质。4）磨细生石灰：其细度应通过4900目/cm2的筛子。用前应用水浸泡使其充分熟化，其熟化时间宜为7d以上。5）纸筋：通常使用白纸筋或草纸筋，使用前三周用水浸透并敲打拌合成糊状，要求洁净、细腻，也可制成纸浆使用。6）麻刀：柔软干燥，不含杂质，长度约10~30mm。使用前4~5d敲打松散，并用石灰膏调好。7）界面剂：界面剂应有产品合格证、性能检测报告、使用说明书等质量证明文件。进场后及时进行检验。8）钢板网：钢板网厚度为0.8mm，单个网眼面积不大于400mm2，表面防锈层良好。（2）机具设备1）机械：砂浆搅拌机、麻刀机、纸筋灰搅拌机。2）工具：筛子、手推车、铁板、铁锹、平锹、灰勺、水勺、托灰板、木抹子、铁抹子、阴阳角抹子、塑料抹子、刮杠、软刮尺、软毛刷、钢丝刷、长毛刷、鸡腿刷、粉线包、钢筋卡子、小线、喷壶、小水壶、水桶、扫帚、锤子、錾子等。needtoselectthereal-timesynchronizationmethodoftheprogramme.Typicallybackupsystemcomeswithbackupsolutionsshouldbepreferred.Ifthesystemcomeswithabackupplanifitcannotmeettherequirements,softwaredevelopmentmethodsisneeded.Orthird-partysoftwaresystemsareselectedforbackup.Becausethird-partybackupsoftwareisusuallypricedveryhigh,chargingunitsrequirehighprice,soforonlythefirsttwomethodsarestudiedbelow.5.1useMSSQL2000synchronizedbackupsofSQL2000databaseinthreeways,namelysnapshotreplication,transactionalreplicationandmergereplication.Bycomparison,excludingthefirsttwoprogrammes,selectsynchronizationtransactionalreplicationanddatabaseNothwinddatabase,forexample,fortesting.Thethreepartsofthemainconsiderationsinthesynchronizationofthedata,canbethoughtofasthreehosts.ThePublisher,Distributor,andSubscriber;canbeunderstoodfromtheliteralmeaning,functionisactuallyimplementedtokeepsubscribersthroughtheDistributordatatimelyandconsistentdataatthePublisher.1,aboutsnapshotreplicationtocopydatachangesinfrequently,orarenotrequiredtokeepthedatacurrentvalues(lowlatency),snapshotdataisoneofthebestmethodsofdatareplication.Whensynchronizationoccurs,completesnapshotisgeneratedandsenttotheSubscriber.Becausesnapshotreplicationbulkcopiesreleased(itemscollection)acompletecopy,itwillpublishallwritesmadetothesnapshotfolder.Projectistospecifythatyouwanttocopytables,datapartitioning,ordatabaseobjects.Projectscanbeafulltableandcertaincolumns(usingaverticalfilter),certainrows(usingahorizontalfilter),astoredprocedureorviewdefinition,thestoredprocedureexecution,view,indexed,view,oruser-definedfunction.Snapshotreplicationdoesnotmaintaindatathefastestreal-timeupdates,andthebulkcopyreleased(itemscollection)afullcopyofthemechanismwillgeneratealotofnetworktraffic.Onlysmallvolumesofreplicationused,dataisstaticanddoesnotneedtobeupdatedinrealtimedatabase.SodonotusesnapshotreplicationthesynchronizationmodeDatatable,addanewdatafieldMSrepl_tran_version,publishingsoftwaredependingonwhetherthecontentsofthisfieldchangestodeterminewhetheryouneedtopublishthedata.AndSQL2000dataismodifiedjudgingismanagedbythekernel,notforexternalprogramming.Suchasmodifythestructureoftheoriginaldatatable,adirectresultofrunninglanesandmanagementsoftwarethatdoesn"twork.DuetotheabovetestresultstoprovethatthisscenarioisnotsuitableasabackupmethodfornetworkingtollsysteminShaanxiProvince.5.2usingspeciallydevelopedbackupsoftwareaftertheabovetests,throughthesystem"ssubscriptions,publishmethodinShanxiprovinceunderthenetworkingsoftwaresyncbackup,demandcannotbemet,backupsoftwaresoIdecidedtouseforthedevelopmentofsynchronization,synchronizebackups.Asaresultofindependentdevelopment,ithasahighdegreeofflexibilityinbackup.Easierforseamlessintegrationwithexistingsystems.Backupsoftwaredevelopedforthesynchronization,youmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:inordertoensuresynchronousbackupsoftwarecanstartonWindowsstartup,andarenoteasilyshutdownbytheoperation,itshouldbedevelopedusingaWindowsservice.Synchronizebackupsoftwareisthesoftwarethatruns24hours,mustbeabletosteadyoperation.Inordertoreducenetworkbandwidthtothegreatestdegreeinthebackup,andonlyneedtobackupthetollingsystemgeneratesthenewdatatable.Thebackupsoftwareshouldbeabletoautomaticallyfiltertheaddnewdatainadatabasetable,andsynchronizedbackupsofdatathatmeetstheconditionsofform.FlagsfieldofthecurrentchargingsystemusingadedicatedTransferMark,anykindoftollsystemsoftwareafterchangingtherecord,bothonthefieldiszero,thisrecordhasbeenchangedtonotifyothersoftware.Usethisfieldasaflagtoidentifywhetherdatahaschanged.Inadditiontothisfield, WiththeShaanxiExpresswaynetworkingtoll,tollextensionbusinessisnowweighingchargesforstoragechargesdatabasesecurityandbackupofbusinessdatahasbecomemoreprominent.Aftertwoyearsofoperation,moreandmoreawarenessoftheoperatingunitstodatabasestabilityissuesisaproblemnottobeignored.Simpleexamplessuchas:failureoftheserversanddatabases,generalmaintenanceandmanagementstaff,inmanycases,cannotbeindependentandquickrecovery,hadanimpactonproduction.Soweneedaproperdatabackupsolutions.Databaseisthecoreofthewholesystem,databasesecurityshouldpaymoreattention.Therefore,theformulationofappropriatedatabasebackupstrategy,istomaintaindatabasesecuritynormsaswellastheguidelines,tobackupthedataitneedsfromthetechnical,aswellasadministrativelyregulated.Indatasecurity,datasecuritystrategyistomaintaintheintegrity,confidentialityandavailabilityofinformation.Therefore,databasesecuritypolicywillfocusonthesethreepoints,includingphysicalsecurity,accesscontrol,databackupandemergencyresponse.Here,inthetollcollectionsystemintheprovinceusestheSQLServerdatabaseasanexampletoillustratetheideaofdevelopingitssecuritypolicy.1researchbackgroundofconstructionofnetworkedExpresswaytollcollectionsystemreducedthenumberofdriversvehiclesintheroadnetworkandimproveroadcapacity,reducingenvironmentalpollutionduetoparking,enhancetheeconomicbenefitsofHighwayandsocialimage.ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollbeganinMay2004,asofnowtherearemorethan200dataserver,asmoresectionsofgrid-connectedcharges,chargesdataasthecoreofthewholesystem,itisnecessarytoestablishasetofdatasecurityandreliablesolution.2purposethistimethroughtheanalysisofnetworkdatainserverhealth,ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystembasedondata,statisticalmethodsofdatastorage,dataresearch,originalchargeaspossiblesecurity,integrityandprivacyofdata.Fortheopeningsectionafterincorporationfeesprovideareliablesetofdatasecuritypolicies.3databasesecuritysituationintheprovinceShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystemoverview3.1database-tiersystems,managementsystems,branch-levelmanagementsystem,theprovincialnetworkcentresplitandtransfersystem,four-levelsystem.Eachsystemhasitsownseparatedataserverisusedtostoretheircollectionofpremiumbusinessdata,providethebasisforstatisticalanalysis.1,stand-levelserverstoragefeescollectedfromtolllanesflowingdataandpassonthissiteblessingKaku,cartridgeinformationwithinthissite,cardboxallocation,cartridgecombinationofinformationandfrequencyinformation.2,themainstorageserverserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataandthepassofblessingKaku,theinternalcartridgeinformation,reallocationofthecartridgeandcartridgecombination,personnelinformation,flightinformation,chargestheactualpaymentdataentrywork.3,Center-classserverstorageserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataWaterdataintegritycanbeupandrunning.Sowhenadatabaseserverfails,youdonotneedtopassdatatorecover,simplythroughthecollectionprocedureforchargingwaterdatacollectiontocompletethefastrecoveryofserverfailures.4.4analysissummarysummaryanalysis,lanebecauseitisnotacompletestationleveldata,sothereisnoneedfordedicatedbackup.Stand-levelserverdatabecauseitisatthefrontofthechargeasawhole,itsfaultdirectlyaffectstheexercisenormally,youneedacompleteoffsitebackupsolution.Management,anddatacenterserver,duetoitsoperationswithoutmanualdataentry,sojustusecommonartificialscheduledbackupscanbe.5solutionsinordertoensurethatwhentheserverafterahardwarefailover,backupdatawithoutchangesoronlyminorchangescanbequickandeasytroubleshootingofserverdatarecovery,you3）计量检测用具：磅秤、方尺、钢尺、水平尺、靠尺、托线板、线坠等。4）安全防护用品：护目镜、口罩、手套等。（3）作业条件1）结构工程已完，并经验收合格。2）已测设完室内标高控制线，并经预检合格。3）门窗框安装完，与墙体连接牢固。缝隙用1：3水泥砂浆（或1：1：6混合砂浆）分层嵌塞密实。塑钢、铝合金门窗框缝隙按产品说明书要求的嵌缝材料堵塞密实，并已贴好保护膜。门框下部用铁皮保护。4）墙内预埋件和穿墙套管已安装完。墙内的消火栓箱、配电箱等安装完，箱体与预留洞之间的缝隙已用1：3干硬性水泥砂浆或细石混凝土堵塞密实，箱体背后明露部分钉钢丝网，与洞边搭接不得小于100mm。5）抹灰用脚手架已搭设好，架子要离开墙面及门窗口200~250mm，顶板抹灰脚手板距顶板约1.8m左右。6）不同基层交接处已采取加强措施，并经验收合格。7）抹灰前宜做完屋面防水或上一层地面。（4）技术准备1）编制分项工程施工方案并经审批，对操作人员进行安全技术交底。2）大面积施工前应先做样板，并经监理、建设单位确认后再进行施工。3操作工艺（1）工艺流程1）顶板抹灰基层处理→弹线、找规矩→抹底灰→抹中层灰→抹罩面灰2）墙面抹灰基层处理→弹线、找规矩、套方→贴饼、冲筋→做护角→抹底灰→抹罩面灰→抹水泥窗台板→抹墙裙、踢脚（2）操作方法1）顶板抹灰Aneedtoselectthereal-timesynchronizationmethodoftheprogramme.Typicallybackupsystemcomeswithbackupsolutionsshouldbepreferred.Ifthesystemcomeswithabackupplanifitcannotmeettherequirements,softwaredevelopmentmethodsisneeded.Orthird-partysoftwaresystemsareselectedforbackup.Becausethird-partybackupsoftwareisusuallypricedveryhigh,chargingunitsrequirehighprice,soforonlythefirsttwomethodsarestudiedbelow.5.1useMSSQL2000synchronizedbackupsofSQL2000databaseinthreeways,namelysnapshotreplication,transactionalreplicationandmergereplication.Bycomparison,excludingthefirsttwoprogrammes,selectsynchronizationtransactionalreplicationanddatabaseNothwinddatabase,forexample,fortesting.Thethreepartsofthemainconsiderationsinthesynchronizationofthedata,canbethoughtofasthreehosts.ThePublisher,Distributor,andSubscriber;canbeunderstoodfromtheliteralmeaning,functionisactuallyimplementedtokeepsubscribersthroughtheDistributordatatimelyandconsistentdataatthePublisher.1,aboutsnapshotreplicationtocopydatachangesinfrequently,orarenotrequiredtokeepthedatacurrentvalues(lowlatency),snapshotdataisoneofthebestmethodsofdatareplication.Whensynchronizationoccurs,completesnapshotisgeneratedandsenttotheSubscriber.Becausesnapshotreplicationbulkcopiesreleased(itemscollection)acompletecopy,itwillpublishallwritesmadetothesnapshotfolder.Projectistospecifythatyouwanttocopytables,datapartitioning,ordatabaseobjects.Projectscanbeafulltableandcertaincolumns(usingaverticalfilter),certainrows(usingahorizontalfilter),astoredprocedureorviewdefinition,thestoredprocedureexecution,view,indexed,view,oruser-definedfunction.Snapshotreplicationdoesnotmaintaindatathefastestreal-timeupdates,andthebulkcopyreleased(itemscollection)afullcopyofthemechanismwillgeneratealotofnetworktraffic.Onlysmallvolumesofreplicationused,dataisstaticanddoesnotneedtobeupdatedinrealtimedatabase.SodonotusesnapshotreplicationthesynchronizationmodeDatatable,addanewdatafieldMSrepl_tran_version,publishingsoftwaredependingonwhetherthecontentsofthisfieldchangestodeterminewhetheryouneedtopublishthedata.AndSQL2000dataismodifiedjudgingismanagedbythekernel,notforexternalprogramming.Suchasmodifythestructureoftheoriginaldatatable,adirectresultofrunninglanesandmanagementsoftwarethatdoesn"twork.DuetotheabovetestresultstoprovethatthisscenarioisnotsuitableasabackupmethodfornetworkingtollsysteminShaanxiProvince.5.2usingspeciallydevelopedbackupsoftwareaftertheabovetests,throughthesystem"ssubscriptions,publishmethodinShanxiprovinceunderthenetworkingsoftwaresyncbackup,demandcannotbemet,backupsoftwaresoIdecidedtouseforthedevelopmentofsynchronization,synchronizebackups.Asaresultofindependentdevelopment,ithasahighdegreeofflexibilityinbackup.Easierforseamlessintegrationwithexistingsystems.Backupsoftwaredevelopedforthesynchronization,youmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:inordertoensuresynchronousbackupsoftwarecanstartonWindowsstartup,andarenoteasilyshutdownbytheoperation,itshouldbedevelopedusingaWindowsservice.Synchronizebackupsoftwareisthesoftwarethatruns24hours,mustbeabletosteadyoperation.Inordertoreducenetworkbandwidthtothegreatestdegreeinthebackup,andonlyneedtobackupthetollingsystemgeneratesthenewdatatable.Thebackupsoftwareshouldbeabletoautomaticallyfiltertheaddnewdatainadatabasetable,andsynchronizedbackupsofdatathatmeetstheconditionsofform.FlagsfieldofthecurrentchargingsystemusingadedicatedTransferMark,anykindoftollsystemsoftwareafterchangingtherecord,bothonthefieldiszero,thisrecordhasbeenchangedtonotifyothersoftware.Usethisfieldasaflagtoidentifywhetherdatahaschanged.Inadditiontothisfield, WiththeShaanxiExpresswaynetworkingtoll,tollextensionbusinessisnowweighingchargesforstoragechargesdatabasesecurityandbackupofbusinessdatahasbecomemoreprominent.Aftertwoyearsofoperation,moreandmoreawarenessoftheoperatingunitstodatabasestabilityissuesisaproblemnottobeignored.Simpleexamplessuchas:failureoftheserversanddatabases,generalmaintenanceandmanagementstaff,inmanycases,cannotbeindependentandquickrecovery,hadanimpactonproduction.Soweneedaproperdatabackupsolutions.Databaseisthecoreofthewholesystem,databasesecurityshouldpaymoreattention.Therefore,theformulationofappropriatedatabasebackupstrategy,istomaintaindatabasesecuritynormsaswellastheguidelines,tobackupthedataitneedsfromthetechnical,aswellasadministrativelyregulated.Indatasecurity,datasecuritystrategyistomaintaintheintegrity,confidentialityandavailabilityofinformation.Therefore,databasesecuritypolicywillfocusonthesethreepoints,includingphysicalsecurity,accesscontrol,databackupandemergencyresponse.Here,inthetollcollectionsystemintheprovinceusestheSQLServerdatabaseasanexampletoillustratetheideaofdevelopingitssecuritypolicy.1researchbackgroundofconstructionofnetworkedExpresswaytollcollectionsystemreducedthenumberofdriversvehiclesintheroadnetworkandimproveroadcapacity,reducingenvironmentalpollutionduetoparking,enhancetheeconomicbenefitsofHighwayandsocialimage.ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollbeganinMay2004,asofnowtherearemorethan200dataserver,asmoresectionsofgrid-connectedcharges,chargesdataasthecoreofthewholesystem,itisnecessarytoestablishasetofdatasecurityandreliablesolution.2purposethistimethroughtheanalysisofnetworkdatainserverhealth,ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystembasedondata,statisticalmethodsofdatastorage,dataresearch,originalchargeaspossiblesecurity,integrityandprivacyofdata.Fortheopeningsectionafterincorporationfeesprovideareliablesetofdatasecuritypolicies.3databasesecuritysituationintheprovinceShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystemoverview3.1database-tiersystems,managementsystems,branch-levelmanagementsystem,theprovincialnetworkcentresplitandtransfersystem,four-levelsystem.Eachsystemhasitsownseparatedataserverisusedtostoretheircollectionofpremiumbusinessdata,providethebasisforstatisticalanalysis.1,stand-levelserverstoragefeescollectedfromtolllanesflowingdataandpassonthissiteblessingKaku,cartridgeinformationwithinthissite,cardboxallocation,cartridgecombinationofinformationandfrequencyinformation.2,themainstorageserverserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataandthepassofblessingKaku,theinternalcartridgeinformation,reallocationofthecartridgeandcartridgecombination,personnelinformation,flightinformation,chargestheactualpaymentdataentrywork.3,Center-classserverstorageserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataWaterdataintegritycanbeupandrunning.Sowhenadatabaseserverfails,youdonotneedtopassdatatorecover,simplythroughthecollectionprocedureforchargingwaterdatacollectiontocompletethefastrecoveryofserverfailures.4.4analysissummarysummaryanalysis,lanebecauseitisnotacompletestationleveldata,sothereisnoneedfordedicatedbackup.Stand-levelserverdatabecauseitisatthefrontofthechargeasawhole,itsfaultdirectlyaffectstheexercisenormally,youneedacompleteoffsitebackupsolution.Management,anddatacenterserver,duetoitsoperationswithoutmanualdataentry,sojustusecommonartificialscheduledbackupscanbe.5solutionsinordertoensurethatwhentheserverafterahardwarefailover,backupdatawithoutchangesoronlyminorchangescanbequickandeasytroubleshootingofserverdatarecovery,you现浇混凝土楼板：先将基层表面凸出的混凝土凿平，用钢丝刷满刷一遍，提前一天浇水润湿。表面有油污时，用清洗剂或去污剂除去，用清水冲洗干净晾干。若混凝土表面较光滑，应对其表面拉毛，其方法有两种：一是用掺加液体界面剂的聚合物水泥砂浆甩毛，要求甩点均匀（界面剂掺量按产品使用说明书或经实验确定）。表面干燥后水泥砂浆疙瘩均匀地粘满基层表面，并有较高的强度（用手掰不掉为准）。二是将界面剂用水调成糊状，用抹子将糊状界面剂浆均匀地抹在混凝土面上，厚度一般为2mm左右。B预制混凝土楼板：首先将凸出楼板面的灌缝混凝土剔平，其他处理方法同现浇混凝土楼板。2)弹线、找规矩：根据标高控制线，在四周墙上弹出靠近顶板的水平线，作为顶板抹灰的水平控制线。3)抹底灰：先将顶板基层润湿，然后刷一道界面剂，随刷随抹底灰。底灰一般用1：3水泥砂浆（或1：0.3：3水泥混合砂浆），厚度通常为3~5mm。以墙上水平线为依据，将顶板四周找平。抹灰时需用力挤压，使底灰与顶板表面结合紧密。最后用软刮尺刮平，木抹子搓平、搓毛。局部较厚时，应分层抹灰找平。4)抹中层灰：抹底灰后紧跟抹中层灰（为保证中层灰与底灰粘结牢固，如底层吸水快，应及时洒水）。先从板边开始，用抹子顺抹纹方向抹灰，用刮尺刮平，木抹子搓毛。5)抹罩面灰：罩面灰采用1：2.5水泥砂浆（或1：0.3：2.5水泥混合砂浆），厚度一般为5mm左右。待中层灰约六七成干时抹罩面灰，先在中层灰表面上薄薄地刮一道聚合物水泥浆，紧接着抹罩面灰，用刮尺刮平，铁抹子抹平、压实、压光，并使其与底灰粘结牢固。4混凝土墙面抹灰(1)基层处理1）基层处理方法同3.2.1.1中“现浇混凝土盖板”。2）混凝土墙面与其他不同材料墙面交接处，先钉加强钢板网，与不同材料墙面的搭接长度不小于100mm。钢板网钉完后，进行隐蔽验收，合格后方可进行下道工序。（2）弹线、找规矩、套方：分别在门窗口角、垛、墙面等处吊垂直套方，在墙面上弹抹灰控制线。并用托线板检查基层表面的平整度、垂直度，确定抹灰厚度，最薄处抹灰厚度不应小于7mm。墙面凹度较大时，应用水泥砂浆分层抹平。needtoselectthereal-timesynchronizationmethodoftheprogramme.Typicallybackupsystemcomeswithbackupsolutionsshouldbepreferred.Ifthesystemcomeswithabackupplanifitcannotmeettherequirements,softwaredevelopmentmethodsisneeded.Orthird-partysoftwaresystemsareselectedforbackup.Becausethird-partybackupsoftwareisusuallypricedveryhigh,chargingunitsrequirehighprice,soforonlythefirsttwomethodsarestudiedbelow.5.1useMSSQL2000synchronizedbackupsofSQL2000databaseinthreeways,namelysnapshotreplication,transactionalreplicationandmergereplication.Bycomparison,excludingthefirsttwoprogrammes,selectsynchronizationtransactionalreplicationanddatabaseNothwinddatabase,forexample,fortesting.Thethreepartsofthemainconsiderationsinthesynchronizationofthedata,canbethoughtofasthreehosts.ThePublisher,Distributor,andSubscriber;canbeunderstoodfromtheliteralmeaning,functionisactuallyimplementedtokeepsubscribersthroughtheDistributordatatimelyandconsistentdataatthePublisher.1,aboutsnapshotreplicationtocopydatachangesinfrequently,orarenotrequiredtokeepthedatacurrentvalues(lowlatency),snapshotdataisoneofthebestmethodsofdatareplication.Whensynchronizationoccurs,completesnapshotisgeneratedandsenttotheSubscriber.Becausesnapshotreplicationbulkcopiesreleased(itemscollection)acompletecopy,itwillpublishallwritesmadetothesnapshotfolder.Projectistospecifythatyouwanttocopytables,datapartitioning,ordatabaseobjects.Projectscanbeafulltableandcertaincolumns(usingaverticalfilter),certainrows(usingahorizontalfilter),astoredprocedureorviewdefinition,thestoredprocedureexecution,view,indexed,view,oruser-definedfunction.Snapshotreplicationdoesnotmaintaindatathefastestreal-timeupdates,andthebulkcopyreleased(itemscollection)afullcopyofthemechanismwillgeneratealotofnetworktraffic.Onlysmallvolumesofreplicationused,dataisstaticanddoesnotneedtobeupdatedinrealtimedatabase.SodonotusesnapshotreplicationthesynchronizationmodeDatatable,addanewdatafieldMSrepl_tran_version,publishingsoftwaredependingonwhetherthecontentsofthisfieldchangestodeterminewhetheryouneedtopublishthedata.AndSQL2000dataismodifiedjudgingismanagedbythekernel,notforexternalprogramming.Suchasmodifythestructureoftheoriginaldatatable,adirectresultofrunninglanesandmanagementsoftwarethatdoesn"twork.DuetotheabovetestresultstoprovethatthisscenarioisnotsuitableasabackupmethodfornetworkingtollsysteminShaanxiProvince.5.2usingspeciallydevelopedbackupsoftwareaftertheabovetests,throughthesystem"ssubscriptions,publishmethodinShanxiprovinceunderthenetworkingsoftwaresyncbackup,demandcannotbemet,backupsoftwaresoIdecidedtouseforthedevelopmentofsynchronization,synchronizebackups.Asaresultofindependentdevelopment,ithasahighdegreeofflexibilityinbackup.Easierforseamlessintegrationwithexistingsystems.Backupsoftwaredevelopedforthesynchronization,youmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:inordertoensuresynchronousbackupsoftwarecanstartonWindowsstartup,andarenoteasilyshutdownbytheoperation,itshouldbedevelopedusingaWindowsservice.Synchronizebackupsoftwareisthesoftwarethatruns24hours,mustbeabletosteadyoperation.Inordertoreducenetworkbandwidthtothegreatestdegreeinthebackup,andonlyneedtobackupthetollingsystemgeneratesthenewdatatable.Thebackupsoftwareshouldbeabletoautomaticallyfiltertheaddnewdatainadatabasetable,andsynchronizedbackupsofdatathatmeetstheconditionsofform.FlagsfieldofthecurrentchargingsystemusingadedicatedTransferMark,anykindoftollsystemsoftwareafterchangingtherecord,bothonthefieldiszero,thisrecordhasbeenchangedtonotifyothersoftware.Usethisfieldasaflagtoidentifywhetherdatahaschanged.Inadditiontothisfield, WiththeShaanxiExpresswaynetworkingtoll,tollextensionbusinessisnowweighingchargesforstoragechargesdatabasesecurityandbackupofbusinessdatahasbecomemoreprominent.Aftertwoyearsofoperation,moreandmoreawarenessoftheoperatingunitstodatabasestabilityissuesisaproblemnottobeignored.Simpleexamplessuchas:failureoftheserversanddatabases,generalmaintenanceandmanagementstaff,inmanycases,cannotbeindependentandquickrecovery,hadanimpactonproduction.Soweneedaproperdatabackupsolutions.Databaseisthecoreofthewholesystem,databasesecurityshouldpaymoreattention.Therefore,theformulationofappropriatedatabasebackupstrategy,istomaintaindatabasesecuritynormsaswellastheguidelines,tobackupthedataitneedsfromthetechnical,aswellasadministrativelyregulated.Indatasecurity,datasecuritystrategyistomaintaintheintegrity,confidentialityandavailabilityofinformation.Therefore,databasesecuritypolicywillfocusonthesethreepoints,includingphysicalsecurity,accesscontrol,databackupandemergencyresponse.Here,inthetollcollectionsystemintheprovinceusestheSQLServerdatabaseasanexampletoillustratetheideaofdevelopingitssecuritypolicy.1researchbackgroundofconstructionofnetworkedExpresswaytollcollectionsystemreducedthenumberofdriversvehiclesintheroadnetworkandimproveroadcapacity,reducingenvironmentalpollutionduetoparking,enhancetheeconomicbenefitsofHighwayandsocialimage.ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollbeganinMay2004,asofnowtherearemorethan200dataserver,asmoresectionsofgrid-connectedcharges,chargesdataasthecoreofthewholesystem,itisnecessarytoestablishasetofdatasecurityandreliablesolution.2purposethistimethroughtheanalysisofnetworkdatainserverhealth,ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystembasedondata,statisticalmethodsofdatastorage,dataresearch,originalchargeaspossiblesecurity,integrityandprivacyofdata.Fortheopeningsectionafterincorporationfeesprovideareliablesetofdatasecuritypolicies.3databasesecuritysituationintheprovinceShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystemoverview3.1database-tiersystems,managementsystems,branch-levelmanagementsystem,theprovincialnetworkcentresplitandtransfersystem,four-levelsystem.Eachsystemhasitsownseparatedataserverisusedtostoretheircollectionofpremiumbusinessdata,providethebasisforstatisticalanalysis.1,stand-levelserverstoragefeescollectedfromtolllanesflowingdataandpassonthissiteblessingKaku,cartridgeinformationwithinthissite,cardboxallocation,cartridgecombinationofinformationandfrequencyinformation.2,themainstorageserverserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataandthepassofblessingKaku,theinternalcartridgeinformation,reallocationofthecartridgeandcartridgecombination,personnelinformation,flightinformation,chargestheactualpaymentdataentrywork.3,Center-classserverstorageserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataWaterdataintegritycanbeupandrunning.Sowhenadatabaseserverfails,youdonotneedtopassdatatorecover,simplythroughthecollectionprocedureforchargingwaterdatacollectiontocompletethefastrecoveryofserverfailures.4.4analysissummarysummaryanalysis,lanebecauseitisnotacompletestationleveldata,sothereisnoneedfordedicatedbackup.Stand-levelserverdatabecauseitisatthefrontofthechargeasawhole,itsfaultdirectlyaffectstheexercisenormally,youneedacompleteoffsitebackupsolution.Management,anddatacenterserver,duetoitsoperationswithoutmanualdataentry,sojustusecommonartificialscheduledbackupscanbe.5solutionsinordertoensurethatwhentheserverafterahardwarefailover,backupdatawithoutchangesoronlyminorchangescanbequickandeasytroubleshootingofserverdatarecovery,you（3）贴饼、冲筋：根据控制线在门口、墙角用线坠、方尺、拉通线等方法贴灰饼，然后根据两灰饼用托线板挂做下边两个灰饼，高度在踢脚线上口，厚薄以托线板垂直为准，然后拉通线每隔1.2~1.5m上下各加若干个灰饼。灰饼一般用1：3水泥砂浆做成边长为50mm的方形。门窗口、垛角也必须补贴灰饼，上下两个灰饼要在一条垂直线上。根据灰饼用与抹灰层相同的水泥砂浆进行冲筋，冲筋根数应根据房间的高度或宽度来决定，一般筋宽约100mm为宜，厚度与灰饼相同。冲筋时上下两灰饼中间分两次抹成凸八字形，比灰饼高出5~10mm，然后用刮杠紧贴灰饼搓平。可冲横筋也可冲立筋，依据操作习惯而定。墙面高度不大于3.5m时宜冲立筋。墙面高度大于3.5m时，宜冲横筋。做法见图3.2.2.3示意。（4）做护角：根据灰饼和冲筋，在门窗口、墙面和柱面的阳角处，根据灰饼厚度抹灰，粘好八字靠尺（也可用钢筋卡子）并找方吊直。用1：3水泥砂浆打底，待砂浆稍干后用阳角抹子用素水泥浆捋出小圆角作为护角。也可用1：2水泥砂浆（或1：0.3：2.5水泥混合砂浆）做明护角。护角高度不应低于2m，每侧宽度不应小于50mm。在抹水泥护角的同时，用1：3水泥砂浆或（或1：1：6水泥混合砂浆）分两遍抹好门窗口边的底灰。当门窗口抹灰面的宽度小于100mm时，通常在做水泥护角时一次完成抹灰。（5）抹底灰：冲筋完2h左右即可抹底灰，一般应在抹灰前一天用水把墙面基层浇透，刷一道聚合物水泥浆。底灰采用1：3水泥砂浆（或1：0.3：3混合砂浆）。打底厚度设计无要求时一般为13mm，每道厚度一般为5~7mm，分层分遍与冲筋抹平，并用大杠垂直、水平刮一遍，用木抹子搓平、搓毛。然后用托线板、方尺检查底子灰是否平整，阴阳角是否方正。抹灰后应及时清理落地灰。（6）抹罩面灰：罩面灰采用1：2.5水泥砂浆（或1：0.3：2.5水泥混合砂浆），厚度一般为5~8mm。底层砂浆抹好24h后，将墙面底层砂浆湿润。抹灰时先薄薄地刮一道聚合物水泥浆，使其与底灰结合牢固，随即抹第二遍，用大刮杠把表面刮平刮直，用铁抹子压实抹光。（7）抹水泥窗台板：先将窗台基层清理干净，用水浇透、刷一道聚合物水泥浆，然后抹1：2.5水泥砂浆面层，压实压光。窗台板若要求出墙，应根据出墙厚度贴靠尺板分层抹灰，要求下口平直，不得有毛刺。砂浆终凝后浇水养护2~3d。needtoselectthereal-timesynchronizationmethodoftheprogramme.Typicallybackupsystemcomeswithbackupsolutionsshouldbepreferred.Ifthesystemcomeswithabackupplanifitcannotmeettherequirements,softwaredevelopmentmethodsisneeded.Orthird-partysoftwaresystemsareselectedforbackup.Becausethird-partybackupsoftwareisusuallypricedveryhigh,chargingunitsrequirehighprice,soforonlythefirsttwomethodsarestudiedbelow.5.1useMSSQL2000synchronizedbackupsofSQL2000databaseinthreeways,namelysnapshotreplication,transactionalreplicationandmergereplication.Bycomparison,excludingthefirsttwoprogrammes,selectsynchronizationtransactionalreplicationanddatabaseNothwinddatabase,forexample,fortesting.Thethreepartsofthemainconsiderationsinthesynchronizationofthedata,canbethoughtofasthreehosts.ThePublisher,Distributor,andSubscriber;canbeunderstoodfromtheliteralmeaning,functionisactuallyimplementedtokeepsubscribersthroughtheDistributordatatimelyandconsistentdataatthePublisher.1,aboutsnapshotreplicationtocopydatachangesinfrequently,orarenotrequiredtokeepthedatacurrentvalues(lowlatency),snapshotdataisoneofthebestmethodsofdatareplication.Whensynchronizationoccurs,completesnapshotisgeneratedandsenttotheSubscriber.Becausesnapshotreplicationbulkcopiesreleased(itemscollection)acompletecopy,itwillpublishallwritesmadetothesnapshotfolder.Projectistospecifythatyouwanttocopytables,datapartitioning,ordatabaseobjects.Projectscanbeafulltableandcertaincolumns(usingaverticalfilter),certainrows(usingahorizontalfilter),astoredprocedureorviewdefinition,thestoredprocedureexecution,view,indexed,view,oruser-definedfunction.Snapshotreplicationdoesnotmaintaindatathefastestreal-timeupdates,andthebulkcopyreleased(itemscollection)afullcopyofthemechanismwillgeneratealotofnetworktraffic.Onlysmallvolumesofreplicationused,dataisstaticanddoesnotneedtobeupdatedinrealtimedatabase.SodonotusesnapshotreplicationthesynchronizationmodeDatatable,addanewdatafieldMSrepl_tran_version,publishingsoftwaredependingonwhetherthecontentsofthisfieldchangestodeterminewhetheryouneedtopublishthedata.AndSQL2000dataismodifiedjudgingismanagedbythekernel,notforexternalprogramming.Suchasmodifythestructureoftheoriginaldatatable,adirectresultofrunninglanesandmanagementsoftwarethatdoesn"twork.DuetotheabovetestresultstoprovethatthisscenarioisnotsuitableasabackupmethodfornetworkingtollsysteminShaanxiProvince.5.2usingspeciallydevelopedbackupsoftwareaftertheabovetests,throughthesystem"ssubscriptions,publishmethodinShanxiprovinceunderthenetworkingsoftwaresyncbackup,demandcannotbemet,backupsoftwaresoIdecidedtouseforthedevelopmentofsynchronization,synchronizebackups.Asaresultofindependentdevelopment,ithasahighdegreeofflexibilityinbackup.Easierforseamlessintegrationwithexistingsystems.Backupsoftwaredevelopedforthesynchronization,youmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:inordertoensuresynchronousbackupsoftwarecanstartonWindowsstartup,andarenoteasilyshutdownbytheoperation,itshouldbedevelopedusingaWindowsservice.Synchronizebackupsoftwareisthesoftwarethatruns24hours,mustbeabletosteadyoperation.Inordertoreducenetworkbandwidthtothegreatestdegreeinthebackup,andonlyneedtobackupthetollingsystemgeneratesthenewdatatable.Thebackupsoftwareshouldbeabletoautomaticallyfiltertheaddnewdatainadatabasetable,andsynchronizedbackupsofdatathatmeetstheconditionsofform.FlagsfieldofthecurrentchargingsystemusingadedicatedTransferMark,anykindoftollsystemsoftwareafterchangingtherecord,bothonthefieldiszero,thisrecordhasbeenchangedtonotifyothersoftware.Usethisfieldasaflagtoidentifywhetherdatahaschanged.Inadditiontothisfield, WiththeShaanxiExpresswaynetworkingtoll,tollextensionbusinessisnowweighingchargesforstoragechargesdatabasesecurityandbackupofbusinessdatahasbecomemoreprominent.Aftertwoyearsofoperation,moreandmoreawarenessoftheoperatingunitstodatabasestabilityissuesisaproblemnottobeignored.Simpleexamplessuchas:failureoftheserversanddatabases,generalmaintenanceandmanagementstaff,inmanycases,cannotbeindependentandquickrecovery,hadanimpactonproduction.Soweneedaproperdatabackupsolutions.Databaseisthecoreofthewholesystem,databasesecurityshouldpaymoreattention.Therefore,theformulationofappropriatedatabasebackupstrategy,istomaintaindatabasesecuritynormsaswellastheguidelines,tobackupthedataitneedsfromthetechnical,aswellasadministrativelyregulated.Indatasecurity,datasecuritystrategyistomaintaintheintegrity,confidentialityandavailabilityofinformation.Therefore,databasesecuritypolicywillfocusonthesethreepoints,includingphysicalsecurity,accesscontrol,databackupandemergencyresponse.Here,inthetollcollectionsystemintheprovinceusestheSQLServerdatabaseasanexampletoillustratetheideaofdevelopingitssecuritypolicy.1researchbackgroundofconstructionofnetworkedExpresswaytollcollectionsystemreducedthenumberofdriversvehiclesintheroadnetworkandimproveroadcapacity,reducingenvironmentalpollutionduetoparking,enhancetheeconomicbenefitsofHighwayandsocialimage.ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollbeganinMay2004,asofnowtherearemorethan200dataserver,asmoresectionsofgrid-connectedcharges,chargesdataasthecoreofthewholesystem,itisnecessarytoestablishasetofdatasecurityandreliablesolution.2purposethistimethroughtheanalysisofnetworkdatainserverhealth,ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystembasedondata,statisticalmethodsofdatastorage,dataresearch,originalchargeaspossiblesecurity,integrityandprivacyofdata.Fortheopeningsectionafterincorporationfeesprovideareliablesetofdatasecuritypolicies.3databasesecuritysituationintheprovinceShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystemoverview3.1database-tiersystems,managementsystems,branch-levelmanagementsystem,theprovincialnetworkcentresplitandtransfersystem,four-levelsystem.Eachsystemhasitsownseparatedataserverisusedtostoretheircollectionofpremiumbusinessdata,providethebasisforstatisticalanalysis.1,stand-levelserverstoragefeescollectedfromtolllanesflowingdataandpassonthissiteblessingKaku,cartridgeinformationwithinthissite,cardboxallocation,cartridgecombinationofinformationandfrequencyinformation.2,themainstorageserverserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataandthepassofblessingKaku,theinternalcartridgeinformation,reallocationofthecartridgeandcartridgecombination,personnelinformation,flightinformation,chargestheactualpaymentdataentrywork.3,Center-classserverstorageserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataWaterdataintegritycanbeupandrunning.Sowhenadatabaseserverfails,youdonotneedtopassdatatorecover,simplythroughthecollectionprocedureforchargingwaterdatacollectiontocompletethefastrecoveryofserverfailures.4.4analysissummarysummaryanalysis,lanebecauseitisnotacompletestationleveldata,sothereisnoneedfordedicatedbackup.Stand-levelserverdatabecauseitisatthefrontofthechargeasawhole,itsfaultdirectlyaffectstheexercisenormally,youneedacompleteoffsitebackupsolution.Management,anddatacenterserver,duetoitsoperationswithoutmanualdataentry,sojustusecommonartificialscheduledbackupscanbe.5solutionsinordertoensurethatwhentheserverafterahardwarefailover,backupdatawithoutchangesoronlyminorchangescanbequickandeasytroubleshootingofserverdatarecovery,you（8）抹墙裙、踢脚：墙面基层处理干净，浇水润湿，刷界面剂一道，随即抹1：3水泥砂浆底层，表面用木抹子搓毛，待底灰七八成干时，开始抹面层砂浆。面层用1：2.5水泥砂浆，抹好后用铁抹子压光。踢脚面或墙裙面一般凸出抹灰墙面5~7mm，并要求出墙厚度一致，表面平整，上口平直光滑。5一般抹灰工程质量的允许偏差和检验方法见表4.2.5。表1一般抹灰的允许偏差和检验方法项目允许偏差（mm）检验方法普通高级立面垂直43用2m垂直检测尺检查表面垂直43用2m靠尺和楔形塞尺检查阴阳角方正43用直角检测尺检查阴阳角垂直——用2m垂直检测尺检查分格条（缝）直线度43拉5m线，不足5m拉通线，钢直尺检查墙裙、踢脚上口直线度43拉5m线，不足5m拉通线，钢直尺检查注：1．普通抹灰，本表阴角方正可不检查。2．顶棚抹灰，本表表面平整可不检查，但应平整。6、成品保护门窗框在抹灰之前应进行保护或贴保护膜。抹灰完成后，及时清理残留在门窗框上的砂浆。翻拆架子时防止损坏已抹好的墙面。用手推车或人工搬运材料时，采取保护措施，防止造成污染或损坏。抹灰完成后，在建筑物进出口和转角部位，应及时做护角保护，防止碰坏棱角。抹灰作业时，禁止蹬踩已安装好的窗台板或其他专业设备，防止损坏，必须保护好地面、地漏，禁止直接在地面上拌灰或堆放砂浆。7应注意的质量问题needtoselectthereal-timesynchronizationmethodoftheprogramme.Typicallybackupsystemcomeswithbackupsolutionsshouldbepreferred.Ifthesystemcomeswithabackupplanifitcannotmeettherequirements,softwaredevelopmentmethodsisneeded.Orthird-partysoftwaresystemsareselectedforbackup.Becausethird-partybackupsoftwareisusuallypricedveryhigh,chargingunitsrequirehighprice,soforonlythefirsttwomethodsarestudiedbelow.5.1useMSSQL2000synchronizedbackupsofSQL2000databaseinthreeways,namelysnapshotreplication,transactionalreplicationandmergereplication.Bycomparison,excludingthefirsttwoprogrammes,selectsynchronizationtransactionalreplicationanddatabaseNothwinddatabase,forexample,fortesting.Thethreepartsofthemainconsiderationsinthesynchronizationofthedata,canbethoughtofasthreehosts.ThePublisher,Distributor,andSubscriber;canbeunderstoodfromtheliteralmeaning,functionisactuallyimplementedtokeepsubscribersthroughtheDistributordatatimelyandconsistentdataatthePublisher.1,aboutsnapshotreplicationtocopydatachangesinfrequently,orarenotrequiredtokeepthedatacurrentvalues(lowlatency),snapshotdataisoneofthebestmethodsofdatareplication.Whensynchronizationoccurs,completesnapshotisgeneratedandsenttotheSubscriber.Becausesnapshotreplicationbulkcopiesreleased(itemscollection)acompletecopy,itwillpublishallwritesmadetothesnapshotfolder.Projectistospecifythatyouwanttocopytables,datapartitioning,ordatabaseobjects.Projectscanbeafulltableandcertaincolumns(usingaverticalfilter),certainrows(usingahorizontalfilter),astoredprocedureorviewdefinition,thestoredprocedureexecution,view,indexed,view,oruser-definedfunction.Snapshotreplicationdoesnotmaintaindatathefastestreal-timeupdates,andthebulkcopyreleased(itemscollection)afullcopyofthemechanismwillgeneratealotofnetworktraffic.Onlysmallvolumesofreplicationused,dataisstaticanddoesnotneedtobeupdatedinrealtimedatabase.SodonotusesnapshotreplicationthesynchronizationmodeDatatable,addanewdatafieldMSrepl_tran_version,publishingsoftwaredependingonwhetherthecontentsofthisfieldchangestodeterminewhetheryouneedtopublishthedata.AndSQL2000dataismodifiedjudgingismanagedbythekernel,notforexternalprogramming.Suchasmodifythestructureoftheoriginaldatatable,adirectresultofrunninglanesandmanagementsoftwarethatdoesn"twork.DuetotheabovetestresultstoprovethatthisscenarioisnotsuitableasabackupmethodfornetworkingtollsysteminShaanxiProvince.5.2usingspeciallydevelopedbackupsoftwareaftertheabovetests,throughthesystem"ssubscriptions,publishmethodinShanxiprovinceunderthenetworkingsoftwaresyncbackup,demandcannotbemet,backupsoftwaresoIdecidedtouseforthedevelopmentofsynchronization,synchronizebackups.Asaresultofindependentdevelopment,ithasahighdegreeofflexibilityinbackup.Easierforseamlessintegrationwithexistingsystems.Backupsoftwaredevelopedforthesynchronization,youmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:inordertoensuresynchronousbackupsoftwarecanstartonWindowsstartup,andarenoteasilyshutdownbytheoperation,itshouldbedevelopedusingaWindowsservice.Synchronizebackupsoftwareisthesoftwarethatruns24hours,mustbeabletosteadyoperation.Inordertoreducenetworkbandwidthtothegreatestdegreeinthebackup,andonlyneedtobackupthetollingsystemgeneratesthenewdatatable.Thebackupsoftwareshouldbeabletoautomaticallyfiltertheaddnewdatainadatabasetable,andsynchronizedbackupsofdatathatmeetstheconditionsofform.FlagsfieldofthecurrentchargingsystemusingadedicatedTransferMark,anykindoftollsystemsoftwareafterchangingtherecord,bothonthefieldiszero,thisrecordhasbeenchangedtonotifyothersoftware.Usethisfieldasaflagtoidentifywhetherdatahaschanged.Inadditiontothisfield, WiththeShaanxiExpresswaynetworkingtoll,tollextensionbusinessisnowweighingchargesforstoragechargesdatabasesecurityandbackupofbusinessdatahasbecomemoreprominent.Aftertwoyearsofoperation,moreandmoreawarenessoftheoperatingunitstodatabasestabilityissuesisaproblemnottobeignored.Simpleexamplessuchas:failureoftheserversanddatabases,generalmaintenanceandmanagementstaff,inmanycases,cannotbeindependentandquickrecovery,hadanimpactonproduction.Soweneedaproperdatabackupsolutions.Databaseisthecoreofthewholesystem,databasesecurityshouldpaymoreattention.Therefore,theformulationofappropriatedatabasebackupstrategy,istomaintaindatabasesecuritynormsaswellastheguidelines,tobackupthedataitneedsfromthetechnical,aswellasadministrativelyregulated.Indatasecurity,datasecuritystrategyistomaintaintheintegrity,confidentialityandavailabilityofinformation.Therefore,databasesecuritypolicywillfocusonthesethreepoints,includingphysicalsecurity,accesscontrol,databackupandemergencyresponse.Here,inthetollcollectionsystemintheprovinceusestheSQLServerdatabaseasanexampletoillustratetheideaofdevelopingitssecuritypolicy.1researchbackgroundofconstructionofnetworkedExpresswaytollcollectionsystemreducedthenumberofdriversvehiclesintheroadnetworkandimproveroadcapacity,reducingenvironmentalpollutionduetoparking,enhancetheeconomicbenefitsofHighwayandsocialimage.ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollbeganinMay2004,asofnowtherearemorethan200dataserver,asmoresectionsofgrid-connectedcharges,chargesdataasthecoreofthewholesystem,itisnecessarytoestablishasetofdatasecurityandreliablesolution.2purposethistimethroughtheanalysisofnetworkdatainserverhealth,ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystembasedondata,statisticalmethodsofdatastorage,dataresearch,originalchargeaspossiblesecurity,integrityandprivacyofdata.Fortheopeningsectionafterincorporationfeesprovideareliablesetofdatasecuritypolicies.3databasesecuritysituationintheprovinceShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystemoverview3.1database-tiersystems,managementsystems,branch-levelmanagementsystem,theprovincialnetworkcentresplitandtransfersystem,four-levelsystem.Eachsystemhasitsownseparatedataserverisusedtostoretheircollectionofpremiumbusinessdata,providethebasisforstatisticalanalysis.1,stand-levelserverstoragefeescollectedfromtolllanesflowingdataandpassonthissiteblessingKaku,cartridgeinformationwithinthissite,cardboxallocation,cartridgecombinationofinformationandfrequencyinformation.2,themainstorageserverserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataandthepassofblessingKaku,theinternalcartridgeinformation,reallocationofthecartridgeandcartridgecombination,personnelinformation,flightinformation,chargestheactualpaymentdataentrywork.3,Center-classserverstorageserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataWaterdataintegritycanbeupandrunning.Sowhenadatabaseserverfails,youdonotneedtopassdatatorecover,simplythroughthecollectionprocedureforchargingwaterdatacollectiontocompletethefastrecoveryofserverfailures.4.4analysissummarysummaryanalysis,lanebecauseitisnotacompletestationleveldata,sothereisnoneedfordedicatedbackup.Stand-levelserverdatabecauseitisatthefrontofthechargeasawhole,itsfaultdirectlyaffectstheexercisenormally,youneedacompleteoffsitebackupsolution.Management,anddatacenterserver,duetoitsoperationswithoutmanualdataentry,sojustusecommonartificialscheduledbackupscanbe.5solutionsinordertoensurethatwhentheserverafterahardwarefailover,backupdatawithoutchangesoronlyminorchangescanbequickandeasytroubleshootingofserverdatarecovery,you抹灰前对基层必须处理干净，光滑表面应做毛化处理，浇水湿润。抹灰时应分层进行，每层抹灰不应过厚，并严格控制间隔时间，抹完后及时浇水养护，以防空鼓、开裂。安装窗框时，标高应统一、尺寸准确，框四周应留有抹灰量，以防抹灰吃口。抹灰时避免将接槎放在大面中间处，一般应留在分格缝或不明显处，防止产生接槎不平。若墙面不做涂饰时，砂浆应用同品种、同批号的水泥，罩面压光应避免在同一处过多抹压，以防造成表面颜色深浅不一。淋制灰膏或泡制磨细生石灰粉时，熟化时间必须达到规定天数，防止因灰膏中存有未熟化的颗粒，造成抹灰层爆裂，出现开花、麻点。现浇混凝土顶板抹灰基层必须进行毛化处理，抹灰厚度不得过厚，防止因粘结不牢、开裂脱落，造成伤人的质量事故。必要时，施工前应经监理、建设单位确认，采取相应的技术措施，选用先进的模板及支撑体系，使顶板结构表面达到不抹灰即可做涂饰施工的效果。needtoselectthereal-timesynchronizationmethodoftheprogramme.Typicallybackupsystemcomeswithbackupsolutionsshouldbepreferred.Ifthesystemcomeswithabackupplanifitcannotmeettherequirements,softwaredevelopmentmethodsisneeded.Orthird-partysoftwaresystemsareselectedforbackup.Becausethird-partybackupsoftwareisusuallypricedveryhigh,chargingunitsrequirehighprice,soforonlythefirsttwomethodsarestudiedbelow.5.1useMSSQL2000synchronizedbackupsofSQL2000databaseinthreeways,namelysnapshotreplication,transactionalreplicationandmergereplication.Bycomparison,excludingthefirsttwoprogrammes,selectsynchronizationtransactionalreplicationanddatabaseNothwinddatabase,forexample,fortesting.Thethreepartsofthemainconsiderationsinthesynchronizationofthedata,canbethoughtofasthreehosts.ThePublisher,Distributor,andSubscriber;canbeunderstoodfromtheliteralmeaning,functionisactuallyimplementedtokeepsubscribersthroughtheDistributordatatimelyandconsistentdataatthePublisher.1,aboutsnapshotreplicationtocopydatachangesinfrequently,orarenotrequiredtokeepthedatacurrentvalues(lowlatency),snapshotdataisoneofthebestmethodsofdatareplication.Whensynchronizationoccurs,completesnapshotisgeneratedandsenttotheSubscriber.Becausesnapshotreplicationbulkcopiesreleased(itemscollection)acompletecopy,itwillpublishallwritesmadetothesnapshotfolder.Projectistospecifythatyouwanttocopytables,datapartitioning,ordatabaseobjects.Projectscanbeafulltableandcertaincolumns(usingaverticalfilter),certainrows(usingahorizontalfilter),astoredprocedureorviewdefinition,thestoredprocedureexecution,view,indexed,view,oruser-definedfunction.Snapshotreplicationdoesnotmaintaindatathefastestreal-timeupdates,andthebulkcopyreleased(itemscollection)afullcopyofthemechanismwillgeneratealotofnetworktraffic.Onlysmallvolumesofreplicationused,dataisstaticanddoesnotneedtobeupdatedinrealtimedatabase.SodonotusesnapshotreplicationthesynchronizationmodeDatatable,addanewdatafieldMSrepl_tran_version,publishingsoftwaredependingonwhetherthecontentsofthisfieldchangestodeterminewhetheryouneedtopublishthedata.AndSQL2000dataismodifiedjudgingismanagedbythekernel,notforexternalprogramming.Suchasmodifythestructureoftheoriginaldatatable,adirectresultofrunninglanesandmanagementsoftwarethatdoesn"twork.DuetotheabovetestresultstoprovethatthisscenarioisnotsuitableasabackupmethodfornetworkingtollsysteminShaanxiProvince.5.2usingspeciallydevelopedbackupsoftwareaftertheabovetests,throughthesystem"ssubscriptions,publishmethodinShanxiprovinceunderthenetworkingsoftwaresyncbackup,demandcannotbemet,backupsoftwaresoIdecidedtouseforthedevelopmentofsynchronization,synchronizebackups.Asaresultofindependentdevelopment,ithasahighdegreeofflexibilityinbackup.Easierforseamlessintegrationwithexistingsystems.Backupsoftwaredevelopedforthesynchronization,youmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:inordertoensuresynchronousbackupsoftwarecanstartonWindowsstartup,andarenoteasilyshutdownbytheoperation,itshouldbedevelopedusingaWindowsservice.Synchronizebackupsoftwareisthesoftwarethatruns24hours,mustbeabletosteadyoperation.Inordertoreducenetworkbandwidthtothegreatestdegreeinthebackup,andonlyneedtobackupthetollingsystemgeneratesthenewdatatable.Thebackupsoftwareshouldbeabletoautomaticallyfiltertheaddnewdatainadatabasetable,andsynchronizedbackupsofdatathatmeetstheconditionsofform.FlagsfieldofthecurrentchargingsystemusingadedicatedTransferMark,anykindoftollsystemsoftwareafterchangingtherecord,bothonthefieldiszero,thisrecordhasbeenchangedtonotifyothersoftware.Usethisfieldasaflagtoidentifywhetherdatahaschanged.Inadditiontothisfield,'