陕西连续现浇基础筏板大体积混凝土技术交底

'表C1-3技术交底记录工程名称国宾中央区11#楼交底部位基础筏板大体积混凝土施工工程编号日期2014年9月30日交底内容：一、施工准备1.1、商混站的选择：选用陕西恒盛混凝土有限公司,经公司考察，该公司搅拌站能力强，拥有先进的自动控制混凝土生产搅拌系统，混凝土运输车辆充足，水电各双套保证系统。水泥、粉煤灰、膨胀剂等仓储能力较好。大型全封闭材料储备场地，砂、石储备量大，完全能满足大体积混凝土连续施工的需要。1.2、具体要求1.2.1对商混站整体要求：由于此次针对11#楼基础筏板浇筑混凝土为大体积混凝土，筏板厚度2.0米，混凝土强度等级：C40、P8，连续浇筑方量约2380立方，要求商混站针对此次混凝土浇筑，设置专门的调度配合，确保混凝土连续供应，及时供应（商混站距现场约6公里、最迟20分钟到场），确保混凝土供应时各种相关材料的质量、数量满足需要及要求，确保商混车及车载泵满足现场要求，并制定应急预案，以满足现场施工及商混站内部各种突发的机械故障、停电，原材料等事件的发生。1.2.2材料要求：混凝土材料由商混站负责，项目部派人监督，并提出要求：水泥:采用普通硅酸盐水泥，水泥进场后必须进场复试，各项技术指标合格后方可使用，且要求其采用水泥的3天水化热不大于240KJ/KG;7天水化热不大于270KJ/KG,水泥的铝酸三钙含量不大于8%，水泥在搅拌站的入机温度不大于摄氏60度。石子：选用连续级配碎石或卵石，要求含泥量≤1%，泥块含量≤0.5%，压碎指标值≤12，粒径为5~31.5mm。砂：选用中砂，细度模数大于2.3，含泥量≤3%，泥块含量≤1%，对砂子的含水量取有代表性的砂在现场实测，以保证施工配合比的准确性。粉煤灰:选用Ⅱ级干煤灰，掺量不宜大于水泥用量的40%，进场材料必须要有出厂合格证，矿渣和粉煤灰参合总量不大于混凝土胶凝材料总量的50%；泵送剂：应有厂合格证及产品的技术资料，并符合相应国家标准的要求。复合纤维抗裂剂mL.V1--volumeofthesampleusedfordeterminationofsulfuricacidsolution,mL.M--theweightofthesample,g.Suchaspoormeetstherequirements,takethearithmeticmeanoftheseconddeterminationasaresult.Allowanalysisofpersonnelsimultaneouslyorinquicksuccessionforthesecondusedfordeterminationoftheabsolutevalueofthedifferencebetweenthevolumeofsulfuricacidsolution.Thevaluedoesnotexceed0.1.(B)Spectrophotometricmethods(arbitrationlaw)1,theprinciple:inthepresenceofacatalyst,sulfuricacidstarchanditsderivativesandreactionproductsofalkali,anddistillingammoniarelease,andcollectedwithasulfuricacidsolution,addreagentusingspectrophotometerdeterminationofnitrogencontentammoniumsaltandturnedinto.Thismethodissuitablefornitrogencontentoflessthan0.025%(m/m)samplesofstarchanditsderivatives.2,reagentinthedeterminationprocess,onlyuseanalyticalgradereagentanddistilledwater,oratleastthepurityofwater.Concentratedsulphuricacid:96%(m/m),ρ20for1.84g/mL.Sodiumhydroxidesolution:40%(m/m),ρ201.43g/mL.Catalyst:formedbythe97gand3Gofpotassiumsulfateanhydrouscoppersulfate.Ammoniumsulfate.Standardsolutionofsulphuricacid:about0.1mol/Lcalibrationsolution.Nyquistreagents:atleasttwodaysbeforeuse,100giodideofmercury(ⅱ)and70glOOmLsolutionofpotassiumiodideinwater,theotherwill700mL244gpotassiumhydroxidedissolvedinwater1000mLbottleandmakeitcooltoroomtemperature.Theabovemercuryiodide(II)/potassiumiodidesolutionintothevolumetricflaskandslowly,...Inside,inthedark.3,apparatus,Kjeldahlflasks:volumetypicallybetween500~800mL.Digestion:theKjeldahlflasktotilt 表C1-3技术交底记录：SY-CMA，应该有出厂合格证，及产品技术资料，并符合国家相应标准的要求。掺量为胶凝材料总质量的6%~10%，由甲方选定厂家人员在搅拌站掺加，项目部人员监管。外加剂:按设计要求掺入减水剂、微膨胀剂等外加剂，对混凝土收缩有补偿功能,可提高混凝土的抗裂性。水：饮用水。1.2.3配合比要求砂率：控制在38%~42%范围内。水胶比：不大于0.55。塌落度：180±20mm。初凝时间：6~8小时。终凝时间：10~12小时。要求商混站提前上报所采用的水泥、粉煤灰、泵送剂、沙、石等原材料的复检报告及试配混凝土的报告，以方便甲方对质量进行监督（甲方安排专人到商混站进行监督）。1.2.4技术准备：①、钢筋的隐检工作已全部完成，并核实预埋件、线管、孔洞的位置，数量及固定情况无误。②、模板的预检工作已经全部完成，模板的标高，位置尺寸准确符合设计要求，支撑稳定，支撑和模板拼缝严密，符合规范要求。③、有商混站实验室确定混凝土的配合比及外加剂的用量，且经甲方确认。④、混凝土浇筑前组织施工人员进行方案的学习，由技术部讲述施工方案，编制作业指导书，对重点部位单独交底，设专人负责，做到人人心中有数。⑤、浇筑混凝土所使用的架子、马道及工作平台，安全稳固，能够满足浇筑要求。⑥、混凝土浇筑前，仔细检查泵车的各种性能情况，清理泵管内的残留物，确保泵管畅通。⑦、各区段结合部位施工缝采用后浇带及施工后浇带并按图纸要求设置止水带。⑧、提前与商混厂家联系提供具体供应时间、标号、所需车辆数量及间隔时间，特殊要求如：抗渗、入模温度、塌落度、水泥及混凝土碱集料反应所需提供的资料等。⑨mL.V1--volumeofthesampleusedfordeterminationofsulfuricacidsolution,mL.M--theweightofthesample,g.Suchaspoormeetstherequirements,takethearithmeticmeanoftheseconddeterminationasaresult.Allowanalysisofpersonnelsimultaneouslyorinquicksuccessionforthesecondusedfordeterminationoftheabsolutevalueofthedifferencebetweenthevolumeofsulfuricacidsolution.Thevaluedoesnotexceed0.1.(B)Spectrophotometricmethods(arbitrationlaw)1,theprinciple:inthepresenceofacatalyst,sulfuricacidstarchanditsderivativesandreactionproductsofalkali,anddistillingammoniarelease,andcollectedwithasulfuricacidsolution,addreagentusingspectrophotometerdeterminationofnitrogencontentammoniumsaltandturnedinto.Thismethodissuitablefornitrogencontentoflessthan0.025%(m/m)samplesofstarchanditsderivatives.2,reagentinthedeterminationprocess,onlyuseanalyticalgradereagentanddistilledwater,oratleastthepurityofwater.Concentratedsulphuricacid:96%(m/m),ρ20for1.84g/mL.Sodiumhydroxidesolution:40%(m/m),ρ201.43g/mL.Catalyst:formedbythe97gand3Gofpotassiumsulfateanhydrouscoppersulfate.Ammoniumsulfate.Standardsolutionofsulphuricacid:about0.1mol/Lcalibrationsolution.Nyquistreagents:atleasttwodaysbeforeuse,100giodideofmercury(ⅱ)and70glOOmLsolutionofpotassiumiodideinwater,theotherwill700mL244gpotassiumhydroxidedissolvedinwater1000mLbottleandmakeitcooltoroomtemperature.Theabovemercuryiodide(II)/potassiumiodidesolutionintothevolumetricflaskandslowly,...Inside,inthedark.3,apparatus,Kjeldahlflasks:volumetypicallybetween500~800mL.Digestion:theKjeldahlflasktotilt 表C1-3技术交底记录、混凝土的测温监控设备标定调试应正常，保温保湿材料应备齐，并配置专人负责测温作业管理。1.2.5机械设备准备：①、根据本工程的实际情况与施工场地状况，11#楼基础筏板混凝土及周边车库基础砼（以后浇带为界）浇筑时，选用两台臂长40米台泵车同时施工，且要求商混站平均每小时供料不下于200立方混凝土，预计12小时浇筑完成。②、其他相关规定如下：③、备用电源：为防止因外部停电造成砼浇筑中断，确保大体积砼浇筑的连续性，工地备用的460KW发电机可以满足，但应提前调试完好。④、保温材料准备：序号材料名称数量（㎡）备注1塑料薄膜18002、棉毡15003、彩条布15001.2.6人员及通讯准备：底板大体积砼浇筑必须各方面协调统一方可顺利施工。现场设总指挥一名（生产经理），砼浇筑前由总指挥先进行各方面协调，联络和布置，施工时负责指挥处理各种关系，生产经理负责监控砼质量、运输浇筑速度。工程各部门安排专人跟班作业，配备对讲机进行通讯联络。砼浇筑时现场专人指挥管理车辆的出入，保证施工的有序进行。砼搅拌站应在施工现场专人与现场人员对接，负责控制协调砼质量和供应。砼运输车提前制定好行车路线，保证保证砼运输车辆行驶顺畅。mL.V1--volumeofthesampleusedfordeterminationofsulfuricacidsolution,mL.M--theweightofthesample,g.Suchaspoormeetstherequirements,takethearithmeticmeanoftheseconddeterminationasaresult.Allowanalysisofpersonnelsimultaneouslyorinquicksuccessionforthesecondusedfordeterminationoftheabsolutevalueofthedifferencebetweenthevolumeofsulfuricacidsolution.Thevaluedoesnotexceed0.1.(B)Spectrophotometricmethods(arbitrationlaw)1,theprinciple:inthepresenceofacatalyst,sulfuricacidstarchanditsderivativesandreactionproductsofalkali,anddistillingammoniarelease,andcollectedwithasulfuricacidsolution,addreagentusingspectrophotometerdeterminationofnitrogencontentammoniumsaltandturnedinto.Thismethodissuitablefornitrogencontentoflessthan0.025%(m/m)samplesofstarchanditsderivatives.2,reagentinthedeterminationprocess,onlyuseanalyticalgradereagentanddistilledwater,oratleastthepurityofwater.Concentratedsulphuricacid:96%(m/m),ρ20for1.84g/mL.Sodiumhydroxidesolution:40%(m/m),ρ201.43g/mL.Catalyst:formedbythe97gand3Gofpotassiumsulfateanhydrouscoppersulfate.Ammoniumsulfate.Standardsolutionofsulphuricacid:about0.1mol/Lcalibrationsolution.Nyquistreagents:atleasttwodaysbeforeuse,100giodideofmercury(ⅱ)and70glOOmLsolutionofpotassiumiodideinwater,theotherwill700mL244gpotassiumhydroxidedissolvedinwater1000mLbottleandmakeitcooltoroomtemperature.Theabovemercuryiodide(II)/potassiumiodidesolutionintothevolumetricflaskandslowly,...Inside,inthedark.3,apparatus,Kjeldahlflasks:volumetypicallybetween500~800mL.Digestion:theKjeldahlflasktotilt 表C1-3技术交底记录劳动力准备如下：序号工种每班人数备注1、混凝土工302、钢筋工43、木工24、指挥2二、混凝土施工方案2.1、混凝土施工部署本工程筏板厚度2.0m，采用分层浇筑法，每层厚度500mm，预计砼方量约为600立方米，两台泵车同时浇筑，预计每层3小时浇筑完成。由于两台砼泵同时浇筑，且层与层之间间歇时间小于6-8小时初凝时间，故不考虑砼冷缝。mL.V1--volumeofthesampleusedfordeterminationofsulfuricacidsolution,mL.M--theweightofthesample,g.Suchaspoormeetstherequirements,takethearithmeticmeanoftheseconddeterminationasaresult.Allowanalysisofpersonnelsimultaneouslyorinquicksuccessionforthesecondusedfordeterminationoftheabsolutevalueofthedifferencebetweenthevolumeofsulfuricacidsolution.Thevaluedoesnotexceed0.1.(B)Spectrophotometricmethods(arbitrationlaw)1,theprinciple:inthepresenceofacatalyst,sulfuricacidstarchanditsderivativesandreactionproductsofalkali,anddistillingammoniarelease,andcollectedwithasulfuricacidsolution,addreagentusingspectrophotometerdeterminationofnitrogencontentammoniumsaltandturnedinto.Thismethodissuitablefornitrogencontentoflessthan0.025%(m/m)samplesofstarchanditsderivatives.2,reagentinthedeterminationprocess,onlyuseanalyticalgradereagentanddistilledwater,oratleastthepurityofwater.Concentratedsulphuricacid:96%(m/m),ρ20for1.84g/mL.Sodiumhydroxidesolution:40%(m/m),ρ201.43g/mL.Catalyst:formedbythe97gand3Gofpotassiumsulfateanhydrouscoppersulfate.Ammoniumsulfate.Standardsolutionofsulphuricacid:about0.1mol/Lcalibrationsolution.Nyquistreagents:atleasttwodaysbeforeuse,100giodideofmercury(ⅱ)and70glOOmLsolutionofpotassiumiodideinwater,theotherwill700mL244gpotassiumhydroxidedissolvedinwater1000mLbottleandmakeitcooltoroomtemperature.Theabovemercuryiodide(II)/potassiumiodidesolutionintothevolumetricflaskandslowly,...Inside,inthedark.3,apparatus,Kjeldahlflasks:volumetypicallybetween500~800mL.Digestion:theKjeldahlflasktotilt 表C1-3技术交底记录砖胎模新浇筑的混凝土大体积混凝土浇筑方法2.2、浇捣要点（1）正常泵送过程中，宜保持泵送连续性，尽量避免泵送中断，若砼供应不及时，宁可放慢泵送速度，也要保持泵送连续性。在泵送过程中，输送管内砼拌合物处于运动状态，砼中各部成分呈均匀分布状态，泵送中断时，剩下的粗骨料易造成输送管堵塞。当再次继续泵送时，剩下的粗骨料易造成输送堵塞。故此，要合理调整粗骨料粒径和砼塌落度，当中断时间过长时（超过2小时），拆管清理后，重新进行排管。（2）按照浇捣方案，组织全体施工人员进行大型技术交底会，使每个操作人员对技术要求、砼下料方法、振捣步骤等做到心中有数。①根据混凝土泵送自然形成一个坡度的实际情况，在每个浇筑带的前、中、后布置三道振动器。此三人为一组负责一台泵责任区域混凝土的振捣。②第一道布置在混凝土卸料点，振捣手负责出管混凝土的振捣，使之顺利通过面筋流入底层；③第二道设置在混凝土的中间部位，振捣手负责混凝土的密实度；④mL.V1--volumeofthesampleusedfordeterminationofsulfuricacidsolution,mL.M--theweightofthesample,g.Suchaspoormeetstherequirements,takethearithmeticmeanoftheseconddeterminationasaresult.Allowanalysisofpersonnelsimultaneouslyorinquicksuccessionforthesecondusedfordeterminationoftheabsolutevalueofthedifferencebetweenthevolumeofsulfuricacidsolution.Thevaluedoesnotexceed0.1.(B)Spectrophotometricmethods(arbitrationlaw)1,theprinciple:inthepresenceofacatalyst,sulfuricacidstarchanditsderivativesandreactionproductsofalkali,anddistillingammoniarelease,andcollectedwithasulfuricacidsolution,addreagentusingspectrophotometerdeterminationofnitrogencontentammoniumsaltandturnedinto.Thismethodissuitablefornitrogencontentoflessthan0.025%(m/m)samplesofstarchanditsderivatives.2,reagentinthedeterminationprocess,onlyuseanalyticalgradereagentanddistilledwater,oratleastthepurityofwater.Concentratedsulphuricacid:96%(m/m),ρ20for1.84g/mL.Sodiumhydroxidesolution:40%(m/m),ρ201.43g/mL.Catalyst:formedbythe97gand3Gofpotassiumsulfateanhydrouscoppersulfate.Ammoniumsulfate.Standardsolutionofsulphuricacid:about0.1mol/Lcalibrationsolution.Nyquistreagents:atleasttwodaysbeforeuse,100giodideofmercury(ⅱ)and70glOOmLsolutionofpotassiumiodideinwater,theotherwill700mL244gpotassiumhydroxidedissolvedinwater1000mLbottleandmakeitcooltoroomtemperature.Theabovemercuryiodide(II)/potassiumiodidesolutionintothevolumetricflaskandslowly,...Inside,inthedark.3,apparatus,Kjeldahlflasks:volumetypicallybetween500~800mL.Digestion:theKjeldahlflasktotilt 表C1-3技术交底记录3第三道设置在坡角及底层钢筋处，因底层钢筋间距较密，振捣手负责混凝土流入下层钢筋底部，确保钢筋下层混凝土振捣密实；⑤振捣方向为：下层垂直于浇筑方向自下而上,上层振捣自上而下。同时采用二次振捣工艺，二次振捣时间控制在浇筑后的1－2h，对混凝土初凝时间作好控制，保证在下层混凝土部初凝前，上层混凝土能覆盖。当混凝土浇筑到靠近尾声时，将混凝土泌水排集到模板边集水坑内，然后人工排除或用泵将水抽出，混凝土的泌水要及时处理，免得粗料下沉，混凝土表面水泥浆过厚，致使混凝土强度不均和产生收缩裂缝。⑥砼浇捣时为避免产生冷缝，要求振动棒应直上直下，快插慢拔，插点分布为梅花形，插点距离300mm，上下层搭接30～50mm，以消除两层之间的接缝。每点振捣时间为20-30S为宜，振捣时间控制到砼不再沉实、无气泡、表面泛浆为止，二次振捣应完全塑性闭合，严禁过度振捣、振动棒长时间接触钢筋避免砼出现塑性变形发生溢水现象。⑦底板泵送混凝土，其表面水泥浆较厚，在混凝土浇筑结束后要认真处理。随时按标高用长刮尺刮平，在初凝前，用木抹子拍压三遍，搓成麻面，以闭合收水裂缝。在木抹子压第三遍时，麻面纹路要顺直，以南北向为纹路方向保证纹路一行压一行且相互平行。（3）全体施工管理人员实行岗位责任制，做到职责分清奖罚分明。（4）砼搅拌车进场，砼品质严格把关。检查搅拌车运输时间、砼塌落度、可泵性是否达到规定要求。对不合格者要立即与搅拌站进行联系，严禁不合格砼进入泵车输送。（5）每台泵车进料量要及时反映到调度室，按浇捣总量及时平衡搅拌车进入各泵位，基本做到浇捣速度相同，齐头并进。mL.V1--volumeofthesampleusedfordeterminationofsulfuricacidsolution,mL.M--theweightofthesample,g.Suchaspoormeetstherequirements,takethearithmeticmeanoftheseconddeterminationasaresult.Allowanalysisofpersonnelsimultaneouslyorinquicksuccessionforthesecondusedfordeterminationoftheabsolutevalueofthedifferencebetweenthevolumeofsulfuricacidsolution.Thevaluedoesnotexceed0.1.(B)Spectrophotometricmethods(arbitrationlaw)1,theprinciple:inthepresenceofacatalyst,sulfuricacidstarchanditsderivativesandreactionproductsofalkali,anddistillingammoniarelease,andcollectedwithasulfuricacidsolution,addreagentusingspectrophotometerdeterminationofnitrogencontentammoniumsaltandturnedinto.Thismethodissuitablefornitrogencontentoflessthan0.025%(m/m)samplesofstarchanditsderivatives.2,reagentinthedeterminationprocess,onlyuseanalyticalgradereagentanddistilledwater,oratleastthepurityofwater.Concentratedsulphuricacid:96%(m/m),ρ20for1.84g/mL.Sodiumhydroxidesolution:40%(m/m),ρ201.43g/mL.Catalyst:formedbythe97gand3Gofpotassiumsulfateanhydrouscoppersulfate.Ammoniumsulfate.Standardsolutionofsulphuricacid:about0.1mol/Lcalibrationsolution.Nyquistreagents:atleasttwodaysbeforeuse,100giodideofmercury(ⅱ)and70glOOmLsolutionofpotassiumiodideinwater,theotherwill700mL244gpotassiumhydroxidedissolvedinwater1000mLbottleandmakeitcooltoroomtemperature.Theabovemercuryiodide(II)/potassiumiodidesolutionintothevolumetricflaskandslowly,...Inside,inthedark.3,apparatus,Kjeldahlflasks:volumetypicallybetween500~800mL.Digestion:theKjeldahlflasktotilt 表C1-3技术交底记录（6）地下室底板砼浇捣以后浇带为界分段施工。浇捣过程中由两对角采用连续斜层推移式浇筑方法，在底板、地梁、承台砼浇注时，应先对承台及地梁进行砼分层浇注，由承台、地梁一端向另一端作成阶梯形向前推进，当起点的砼达到板底位置时，再与板的砼一起浇注，浇注时每层砼的厚度控制在500mm内，循序推进，直到底板面设计标高为止，。（7）砼浇筑至标高后，用长刮尺（2m）刮平表面浮浆，用木抹压平，掌握收头时间，要求多次抹压，减少砼表面因收缩而出现的裂缝，按设置标高控制点，保证底板面标高及平整度符合规范要求，并及时覆盖，以避免内外温差过大。2.3、泌水处理大体积混凝土浇筑、振捣过程中，容易产生泌水现象，泌水现象严重时，可能影响相应部分的混凝土强度指标。为此必须采取措施，消除和排除泌水。一般情况下上涌的泌水和浮浆会顺着混凝土浇筑坡面下流到坑底。施工中根据混凝土浇筑流向，要用水泵及时抽除混凝土表面泌水（见下图），局部少量泌水采用海绵吸除处理的方法。砼浇注排除泌水示意图2.4、养护措施为了保证砼浇捣，控制砼入模温度是控制砼温降的重要手段。外蓄是指对砼采用保温、保湿养护方法，即在砼表面收面初凝后，一层塑料薄膜及两层棉毡，覆盖工作必须严格认真贴实，薄膜幅边之间搭接宽度不少于10cm，棉毡之间边口拼紧，养护期间浇水视具体情况而定。以防砼产生干缩裂缝，并使水泥水化顺利进行。支模板时膜拜那顶部高出筏板顶面2cm,待棉毡铺设完成后在顶面浇水高度至模板顶。详见“底板混凝土养护示意图”。mL.V1--volumeofthesampleusedfordeterminationofsulfuricacidsolution,mL.M--theweightofthesample,g.Suchaspoormeetstherequirements,takethearithmeticmeanoftheseconddeterminationasaresult.Allowanalysisofpersonnelsimultaneouslyorinquicksuccessionforthesecondusedfordeterminationoftheabsolutevalueofthedifferencebetweenthevolumeofsulfuricacidsolution.Thevaluedoesnotexceed0.1.(B)Spectrophotometricmethods(arbitrationlaw)1,theprinciple:inthepresenceofacatalyst,sulfuricacidstarchanditsderivativesandreactionproductsofalkali,anddistillingammoniarelease,andcollectedwithasulfuricacidsolution,addreagentusingspectrophotometerdeterminationofnitrogencontentammoniumsaltandturnedinto.Thismethodissuitablefornitrogencontentoflessthan0.025%(m/m)samplesofstarchanditsderivatives.2,reagentinthedeterminationprocess,onlyuseanalyticalgradereagentanddistilledwater,oratleastthepurityofwater.Concentratedsulphuricacid:96%(m/m),ρ20for1.84g/mL.Sodiumhydroxidesolution:40%(m/m),ρ201.43g/mL.Catalyst:formedbythe97gand3Gofpotassiumsulfateanhydrouscoppersulfate.Ammoniumsulfate.Standardsolutionofsulphuricacid:about0.1mol/Lcalibrationsolution.Nyquistreagents:atleasttwodaysbeforeuse,100giodideofmercury(ⅱ)and70glOOmLsolutionofpotassiumiodideinwater,theotherwill700mL244gpotassiumhydroxidedissolvedinwater1000mLbottleandmakeitcooltoroomtemperature.Theabovemercuryiodide(II)/potassiumiodidesolutionintothevolumetricflaskandslowly,...Inside,inthedark.3,apparatus,Kjeldahlflasks:volumetypicallybetween500~800mL.Digestion:theKjeldahlflasktotilt 表C1-3技术交底记录两层棉毡2.5、测温方案2.5.1、测温目的对大体积混凝土的养护应根据气候条件采取温控措施，并按需要测定浇筑后的混凝土表面和内部温度，将温差控制在设计要求范围内，当设计无具体要求时，温差不超过25℃。大体积混凝土施工时，混凝土内部热量较难散发，外部表面热量散发较快(在夜间及下雨更甚)，内部和外部热胀冷缩过程相应会在混凝土表面产生拉应力。温差大到一定程度，混凝土表面拉应力超过当时的混凝土极限抗拉强度时，在混凝土表面会产生有害裂缝，有时甚至贯穿裂缝。另外，混凝土硬化后随温度降低产生收缩，由于受到地基约束，会产生很大原外约束力，当超过当时的混凝土极限抗拉强度时，也会产生裂缝。为了了解基础大体积混凝土内部由于水化热引起的温度升降规律，及时掌握基础混凝土中心与表面、表面与大气温度间的温度变化情况，以便采取必要的措施，当温度梯度超过30℃时应严防混凝土出现裂缝。当温度梯度低于20℃时，则可以取消混凝土表面的保护措施，以便进行后道工序施工。为此通过测温对本工程承台大体积混凝土进行温度变化的监测。减少温度裂缝的技术手段一般可采用调整水泥品种与外掺剂、改良混凝土级配，利用后期强度来控制混凝土的温度与改善约束条件，而采用先进测温手段则为决定技术措施提供了先决条件。通过测温、控温手段，可以及时了解到混凝土内部与自然温度的实际差异，通过采用相应的技术措施，能将基础深度方向的温度差控制在25℃mL.V1--volumeofthesampleusedfordeterminationofsulfuricacidsolution,mL.M--theweightofthesample,g.Suchaspoormeetstherequirements,takethearithmeticmeanoftheseconddeterminationasaresult.Allowanalysisofpersonnelsimultaneouslyorinquicksuccessionforthesecondusedfordeterminationoftheabsolutevalueofthedifferencebetweenthevolumeofsulfuricacidsolution.Thevaluedoesnotexceed0.1.(B)Spectrophotometricmethods(arbitrationlaw)1,theprinciple:inthepresenceofacatalyst,sulfuricacidstarchanditsderivativesandreactionproductsofalkali,anddistillingammoniarelease,andcollectedwithasulfuricacidsolution,addreagentusingspectrophotometerdeterminationofnitrogencontentammoniumsaltandturnedinto.Thismethodissuitablefornitrogencontentoflessthan0.025%(m/m)samplesofstarchanditsderivatives.2,reagentinthedeterminationprocess,onlyuseanalyticalgradereagentanddistilledwater,oratleastthepurityofwater.Concentratedsulphuricacid:96%(m/m),ρ20for1.84g/mL.Sodiumhydroxidesolution:40%(m/m),ρ201.43g/mL.Catalyst:formedbythe97gand3Gofpotassiumsulfateanhydrouscoppersulfate.Ammoniumsulfate.Standardsolutionofsulphuricacid:about0.1mol/Lcalibrationsolution.Nyquistreagents:atleasttwodaysbeforeuse,100giodideofmercury(ⅱ)and70glOOmLsolutionofpotassiumiodideinwater,theotherwill700mL244gpotassiumhydroxidedissolvedinwater1000mLbottleandmakeitcooltoroomtemperature.Theabovemercuryiodide(II)/potassiumiodidesolutionintothevolumetricflaskandslowly,...Inside,inthedark.3,apparatus,Kjeldahlflasks:volumetypicallybetween500~800mL.Digestion:theKjeldahlflasktotilt 表C1-3技术交底记录以下，可以有效地消除由于温度因素造成的混凝土有害裂缝。2.5.2、测温器具为及时掌握混凝土内外温差及温度应力，及时调整保温措施，调整养护时间，保证混凝土内外温差小于25℃，防止混凝土裂缝的产生，砼必须测温。根据大体积混凝土的施工要求，拟对整个筏板进行大体积混凝土的测温工作。现场测温器具采用100℃玻璃温度计，测温管采用KBG管，直径f15，长度按测温埋设详图加工。测温管下端封口，上端露10cm，管内装入机油，塞紧管口密封。2.5.3、测温点布置为了保证测温点所测的温度曲线能全面反映混凝土结构内部温度的变化情况，本工程筏板部位均布置测温点；竖向测温点布置，按照顶表面温度、中心温度、底表面温度的检测要求进行布设，表面测温点的高度为底板顶标高下翻50mm，中部测温点为底板顶标高下返1/2板厚，底表面测温点为底板底标高上50mm处（见下图）。具体测温点的布置详见底板测温点布置示意图。2.5.4、测温频率为了有效的控制混凝土内外温差，本工程混凝土浇筑4h后开始测温，采用100℃玻璃温度计进行测温。混凝土的测温频率：1）龄期3d内，每2h测温一次；mL.V1--volumeofthesampleusedfordeterminationofsulfuricacidsolution,mL.M--theweightofthesample,g.Suchaspoormeetstherequirements,takethearithmeticmeanoftheseconddeterminationasaresult.Allowanalysisofpersonnelsimultaneouslyorinquicksuccessionforthesecondusedfordeterminationoftheabsolutevalueofthedifferencebetweenthevolumeofsulfuricacidsolution.Thevaluedoesnotexceed0.1.(B)Spectrophotometricmethods(arbitrationlaw)1,theprinciple:inthepresenceofacatalyst,sulfuricacidstarchanditsderivativesandreactionproductsofalkali,anddistillingammoniarelease,andcollectedwithasulfuricacidsolution,addreagentusingspectrophotometerdeterminationofnitrogencontentammoniumsaltandturnedinto.Thismethodissuitablefornitrogencontentoflessthan0.025%(m/m)samplesofstarchanditsderivatives.2,reagentinthedeterminationprocess,onlyuseanalyticalgradereagentanddistilledwater,oratleastthepurityofwater.Concentratedsulphuricacid:96%(m/m),ρ20for1.84g/mL.Sodiumhydroxidesolution:40%(m/m),ρ201.43g/mL.Catalyst:formedbythe97gand3Gofpotassiumsulfateanhydrouscoppersulfate.Ammoniumsulfate.Standardsolutionofsulphuricacid:about0.1mol/Lcalibrationsolution.Nyquistreagents:atleasttwodaysbeforeuse,100giodideofmercury(ⅱ)and70glOOmLsolutionofpotassiumiodideinwater,theotherwill700mL244gpotassiumhydroxidedissolvedinwater1000mLbottleandmakeitcooltoroomtemperature.Theabovemercuryiodide(II)/potassiumiodidesolutionintothevolumetricflaskandslowly,...Inside,inthedark.3,apparatus,Kjeldahlflasks:volumetypicallybetween500~800mL.Digestion:theKjeldahlflasktotilt 表C1-3技术交底记录2）龄期4-7d内，每4h测温一次；3）龄期8-14d内，每8h测温一次。现场由项目技术负责人带头，项目部技术员、质检员、专职人员轮流负责测温，测定的温度随时记录，并把数据及时反馈给技术负责人，以便检查砼内外温差是否超过25℃。同时根据测温结果绘制温差变化曲线，混凝土内温度连续24小时呈下降趋势且平稳时，可停止测温。2.6、质量保证措施与主要质量要求mL.V1--volumeofthesampleusedfordeterminationofsulfuricacidsolution,mL.M--theweightofthesample,g.Suchaspoormeetstherequirements,takethearithmeticmeanoftheseconddeterminationasaresult.Allowanalysisofpersonnelsimultaneouslyorinquicksuccessionforthesecondusedfordeterminationoftheabsolutevalueofthedifferencebetweenthevolumeofsulfuricacidsolution.Thevaluedoesnotexceed0.1.(B)Spectrophotometricmethods(arbitrationlaw)1,theprinciple:inthepresenceofacatalyst,sulfuricacidstarchanditsderivativesandreactionproductsofalkali,anddistillingammoniarelease,andcollectedwithasulfuricacidsolution,addreagentusingspectrophotometerdeterminationofnitrogencontentammoniumsaltandturnedinto.Thismethodissuitablefornitrogencontentoflessthan0.025%(m/m)samplesofstarchanditsderivatives.2,reagentinthedeterminationprocess,onlyuseanalyticalgradereagentanddistilledwater,oratleastthepurityofwater.Concentratedsulphuricacid:96%(m/m),ρ20for1.84g/mL.Sodiumhydroxidesolution:40%(m/m),ρ201.43g/mL.Catalyst:formedbythe97gand3Gofpotassiumsulfateanhydrouscoppersulfate.Ammoniumsulfate.Standardsolutionofsulphuricacid:about0.1mol/Lcalibrationsolution.Nyquistreagents:atleasttwodaysbeforeuse,100giodideofmercury(ⅱ)and70glOOmLsolutionofpotassiumiodideinwater,theotherwill700mL244gpotassiumhydroxidedissolvedinwater1000mLbottleandmakeitcooltoroomtemperature.Theabovemercuryiodide(II)/potassiumiodidesolutionintothevolumetricflaskandslowly,...Inside,inthedark.3,apparatus,Kjeldahlflasks:volumetypicallybetween500~800mL.Digestion:theKjeldahlflasktotilt 表C1-3技术交底记录通知商品砼供货方浇筑任务、时间准备试模、坍落度筒模板钢筋砼工序交接检检查施工马道机械、设备准备，现场调度演习准备工作学习图纸和技术资料编制施工方案制定保证砼质量措施书面交底对操作人技术培训专业会审预埋件安装克服质量通病的措施或须注意点技术交底按100m3/1组标准养护试块同条件试块见证取样岗位分工、运作挂牌砼浇筑木工、钢筋工跟班保质量养护岗位责任操作挂牌分层控制、振捣操作供货验收浇筑顺序、节奏、速度控制覆盖一膜一被保温保湿养护测温、监控质量评定请监理验收资料整理清理作业面，文明施工2.6.1混凝土工程质量预控图：mL.V1--volumeofthesampleusedfordeterminationofsulfuricacidsolution,mL.M--theweightofthesample,g.Suchaspoormeetstherequirements,takethearithmeticmeanoftheseconddeterminationasaresult.Allowanalysisofpersonnelsimultaneouslyorinquicksuccessionforthesecondusedfordeterminationoftheabsolutevalueofthedifferencebetweenthevolumeofsulfuricacidsolution.Thevaluedoesnotexceed0.1.(B)Spectrophotometricmethods(arbitrationlaw)1,theprinciple:inthepresenceofacatalyst,sulfuricacidstarchanditsderivativesandreactionproductsofalkali,anddistillingammoniarelease,andcollectedwithasulfuricacidsolution,addreagentusingspectrophotometerdeterminationofnitrogencontentammoniumsaltandturnedinto.Thismethodissuitablefornitrogencontentoflessthan0.025%(m/m)samplesofstarchanditsderivatives.2,reagentinthedeterminationprocess,onlyuseanalyticalgradereagentanddistilledwater,oratleastthepurityofwater.Concentratedsulphuricacid:96%(m/m),ρ20for1.84g/mL.Sodiumhydroxidesolution:40%(m/m),ρ201.43g/mL.Catalyst:formedbythe97gand3Gofpotassiumsulfateanhydrouscoppersulfate.Ammoniumsulfate.Standardsolutionofsulphuricacid:about0.1mol/Lcalibrationsolution.Nyquistreagents:atleasttwodaysbeforeuse,100giodideofmercury(ⅱ)and70glOOmLsolutionofpotassiumiodideinwater,theotherwill700mL244gpotassiumhydroxidedissolvedinwater1000mLbottleandmakeitcooltoroomtemperature.Theabovemercuryiodide(II)/potassiumiodidesolutionintothevolumetricflaskandslowly,...Inside,inthedark.3,apparatus,Kjeldahlflasks:volumetypicallybetween500~800mL.Digestion:theKjeldahlflasktotilt 表C1-3技术交底记录2.6.2混凝土的质量控制混凝土的质量控制主要靠搅拌站，项目部根据搅拌站提供的资料以及现场对混凝土的坍落度、和易性、外观的检查来控制混凝土的质量。搅拌站需要提供混凝土的材质、原材复试报告、出厂合格证、准用证、配合比、抗压强度实验报告、碱含量计算书。2.6.3混凝土施工质量控制措施①施工过程中要加强对于工人的教育，抓住关键的混凝土振捣作业，来保证施工质量，避免漏振和过振，使混凝土内部密实、表面光滑。②5对到场不合格的混凝土由项目工程师退回搅拌站，并记下车型、车号。③质量检查人员检查施工，严格按步序振捣；接班振捣人员提前半小时到岗与上班振捣人员共同操作，交班人员推迟交班半小时撤岗（有一小时共同工作时间）。④混凝土运输、浇筑及间歇的全部时间不应超过混凝土的初凝时间。由混凝土小票和试验报告计算控制。⑤混凝土施工过程中必须要分层浇筑和振捣。对于小截面部位以及钢筋密集区必须要加强振捣。2.6.4混凝土的抗裂措施（1）内约束温度裂缝的措施①控制混凝土内外温差、表面与外界温差，防止混凝土表面急剧冷却，采用混凝土表面保温措施或蓄水养护措施；②加强混凝土养护，严格控制混凝土升温速度，使砼表面覆盖温差小于8-10°C。（2）外约束温度裂缝的措施①从采取控制混凝土出机温度、温升、减少温差等方面，以及改善施工操作工艺。②采用低热水泥，如优先选择矿渣硅酸盐水泥；掺入一定比例的粉煤灰、高效减水剂或缓凝剂等。③掺入膨胀剂，在最初14d潮湿养护中，使混凝土体积微膨胀，补偿混凝土早期失水收缩产生的收缩裂缝；④改善骨料级配，如大体积基础混凝土可掺加15%块石；⑤mL.V1--volumeofthesampleusedfordeterminationofsulfuricacidsolution,mL.M--theweightofthesample,g.Suchaspoormeetstherequirements,takethearithmeticmeanoftheseconddeterminationasaresult.Allowanalysisofpersonnelsimultaneouslyorinquicksuccessionforthesecondusedfordeterminationoftheabsolutevalueofthedifferencebetweenthevolumeofsulfuricacidsolution.Thevaluedoesnotexceed0.1.(B)Spectrophotometricmethods(arbitrationlaw)1,theprinciple:inthepresenceofacatalyst,sulfuricacidstarchanditsderivativesandreactionproductsofalkali,anddistillingammoniarelease,andcollectedwithasulfuricacidsolution,addreagentusingspectrophotometerdeterminationofnitrogencontentammoniumsaltandturnedinto.Thismethodissuitablefornitrogencontentoflessthan0.025%(m/m)samplesofstarchanditsderivatives.2,reagentinthedeterminationprocess,onlyuseanalyticalgradereagentanddistilledwater,oratleastthepurityofwater.Concentratedsulphuricacid:96%(m/m),ρ20for1.84g/mL.Sodiumhydroxidesolution:40%(m/m),ρ201.43g/mL.Catalyst:formedbythe97gand3Gofpotassiumsulfateanhydrouscoppersulfate.Ammoniumsulfate.Standardsolutionofsulphuricacid:about0.1mol/Lcalibrationsolution.Nyquistreagents:atleasttwodaysbeforeuse,100giodideofmercury(ⅱ)and70glOOmLsolutionofpotassiumiodideinwater,theotherwill700mL244gpotassiumhydroxidedissolvedinwater1000mLbottleandmakeitcooltoroomtemperature.Theabovemercuryiodide(II)/potassiumiodidesolutionintothevolumetricflaskandslowly,...Inside,inthedark.3,apparatus,Kjeldahlflasks:volumetypicallybetween500~800mL.Digestion:theKjeldahlflasktotilt 表C1-3技术交底记录分层浇筑混凝土，每层厚度不宜大于300mm，以加快热量散发，并使温度分布较均匀，同时也便于振捣密实。上层混凝土覆盖要在下层混凝土初凝之前进行。⑥预埋冷却水管，用循环水降低混凝土温度，进行人工导热。2.6.5质量要求和验收标准混凝土结构构件的检查按照施工段进行划分检验批，同一检验批内抽查10%。混凝土外观质量和尺寸偏差的主控项目和一般项目必须符合《混凝土结构工程施工质量验收规范》（GB50204-2002）中的相关规定，同时还要满足国优工程标准要求。主要构件的允许偏差项目（见下表）：项次检查项目允许偏差（mm）检验方法1轴线位移5mm尺量检查2标高±5mm用水平仪检查3表面平整度3mm2m靠尺和塞尺4预埋件中心线位置偏移2mm尺量检查5基础尺寸±5mm尺量检查8角、线顺直度3mm拉线、尺量检查2.7、混凝土施工应注意的质量问题①、混凝土振捣工经培训考核合格，持证上岗。进入施工现场，振捣工须戴绝缘手套，穿胶鞋等防护用品。②、在底板混凝土浇筑过程中，要派2～3人看模、看筋，发现问题及时解决。③、在混凝土泵送过程中，泵管架子的搭设要与钢筋分开，保证泵管的振动不会使钢筋移位。④、集水坑控制好标高，当混凝土浇筑后，将表面抹平压实。⑤、在混凝土强度未达到1.2MPa以前，不允许上人进行下道工序施工作业。⑥、在混凝土放料、浇筑过程中，特别注意混凝土强度的变化，严禁混合泵送。三、混凝土施工注意事项mL.V1--volumeofthesampleusedfordeterminationofsulfuricacidsolution,mL.M--theweightofthesample,g.Suchaspoormeetstherequirements,takethearithmeticmeanoftheseconddeterminationasaresult.Allowanalysisofpersonnelsimultaneouslyorinquicksuccessionforthesecondusedfordeterminationoftheabsolutevalueofthedifferencebetweenthevolumeofsulfuricacidsolution.Thevaluedoesnotexceed0.1.(B)Spectrophotometricmethods(arbitrationlaw)1,theprinciple:inthepresenceofacatalyst,sulfuricacidstarchanditsderivativesandreactionproductsofalkali,anddistillingammoniarelease,andcollectedwithasulfuricacidsolution,addreagentusingspectrophotometerdeterminationofnitrogencontentammoniumsaltandturnedinto.Thismethodissuitablefornitrogencontentoflessthan0.025%(m/m)samplesofstarchanditsderivatives.2,reagentinthedeterminationprocess,onlyuseanalyticalgradereagentanddistilledwater,oratleastthepurityofwater.Concentratedsulphuricacid:96%(m/m),ρ20for1.84g/mL.Sodiumhydroxidesolution:40%(m/m),ρ201.43g/mL.Catalyst:formedbythe97gand3Gofpotassiumsulfateanhydrouscoppersulfate.Ammoniumsulfate.Standardsolutionofsulphuricacid:about0.1mol/Lcalibrationsolution.Nyquistreagents:atleasttwodaysbeforeuse,100giodideofmercury(ⅱ)and70glOOmLsolutionofpotassiumiodideinwater,theotherwill700mL244gpotassiumhydroxidedissolvedinwater1000mLbottleandmakeitcooltoroomtemperature.Theabovemercuryiodide(II)/potassiumiodidesolutionintothevolumetricflaskandslowly,...Inside,inthedark.3,apparatus,Kjeldahlflasks:volumetypicallybetween500~800mL.Digestion:theKjeldahlflasktotilt 表C1-3技术交底记录1、为保证施工顺利进行，不出现质量事故，施工前应周密计划，统一协调，使施工有条不紊地进行。2、混凝土浇筑应注意使中部的混凝土略高于四周边缘的混凝土，以便使经振捣产生的泌水向四周排出，以减少混凝土表面产生的浮浆。如有大量泌水，可采用局部抽水解决。3、在整个浇筑期间，各工种都要设专人加强对钢筋、模板、塔吊预埋铁件的看管，防止走动。4、加快基础回填土，避免基础结构侧面长期暴露；适时停止降水避免降温收缩与干缩。5、外墙吊模处因其不易保温、易出现温差过大而成为施工中的薄弱环节。要求施工队在此处精心施工，养护期间根据墙体宽度覆盖一层五彩布，再覆盖一层麻袋，若赶在雨天则内部加衬一层塑料薄膜，以确保施工质量。6、混凝土泵管架设要牢固，并考虑好人行走路线。7、混凝土输送泵输送管道湿润。混凝土输送泵输送混凝土之前用自来水或水泥砂浆润湿管道，从管道出口流出的自来水或水泥砂浆必须用集料斗收集，用塔吊吊出基坑，不得放入基坑或基础内。8、混凝土输送泵按方案确定的位置安设，输送泵管按方案确定的相对位置设置，输送泵管的安装需要穿过墙、柱插筋的需对钢筋进行临时固定，在拆去泵管后由钢筋工及时将不在设计位置的钢筋修正至设计位置。混凝土输送管搭设专用马道支架架设。与拆除管道同时逐段拆除。9、砼泵送前，泵机操作员要详细检查泵的电源、电路、油路、油管等机件设备是否安全、有效，并试运转合格。9、浇筑混凝土前，施工队放线人员应在钢筋上做好混凝土标高的控制标志。有墙筋时，在墙筋上放出标志，无墙筋时，可在底板上皮筋加焊一根Ф12钢筋用以放线。10、混凝土表面二次磨压后应进行扫毛处理。11、为避免大体积混凝土在浇筑时出现冷缝，要求施工队派专人看管流淌在低洼处的混凝土，必要时插上小旗，已使其在初凝前得到及时的覆盖。12、其余未尽事宜请参照《国宾中央区地下工程施工方案》。13、施工时，依据现场实际情况本方案可能会做相应的修改与调整。四、凝土施工安全文明措施mL.V1--volumeofthesampleusedfordeterminationofsulfuricacidsolution,mL.M--theweightofthesample,g.Suchaspoormeetstherequirements,takethearithmeticmeanoftheseconddeterminationasaresult.Allowanalysisofpersonnelsimultaneouslyorinquicksuccessionforthesecondusedfordeterminationoftheabsolutevalueofthedifferencebetweenthevolumeofsulfuricacidsolution.Thevaluedoesnotexceed0.1.(B)Spectrophotometricmethods(arbitrationlaw)1,theprinciple:inthepresenceofacatalyst,sulfuricacidstarchanditsderivativesandreactionproductsofalkali,anddistillingammoniarelease,andcollectedwithasulfuricacidsolution,addreagentusingspectrophotometerdeterminationofnitrogencontentammoniumsaltandturnedinto.Thismethodissuitablefornitrogencontentoflessthan0.025%(m/m)samplesofstarchanditsderivatives.2,reagentinthedeterminationprocess,onlyuseanalyticalgradereagentanddistilledwater,oratleastthepurityofwater.Concentratedsulphuricacid:96%(m/m),ρ20for1.84g/mL.Sodiumhydroxidesolution:40%(m/m),ρ201.43g/mL.Catalyst:formedbythe97gand3Gofpotassiumsulfateanhydrouscoppersulfate.Ammoniumsulfate.Standardsolutionofsulphuricacid:about0.1mol/Lcalibrationsolution.Nyquistreagents:atleasttwodaysbeforeuse,100giodideofmercury(ⅱ)and70glOOmLsolutionofpotassiumiodideinwater,theotherwill700mL244gpotassiumhydroxidedissolvedinwater1000mLbottleandmakeitcooltoroomtemperature.Theabovemercuryiodide(II)/potassiumiodidesolutionintothevolumetricflaskandslowly,...Inside,inthedark.3,apparatus,Kjeldahlflasks:volumetypicallybetween500~800mL.Digestion:theKjeldahlflasktotilt 表C1-3技术交底记录4.1安全施工措施①加强安全教育，在安排施工任务时必须进行专项有针对性的全面安全交底，履行签字手续。②认真执行安全操作规程，严禁违章指挥、违章作业、违反劳动纪律。③振捣、拉线作业人员应戴绝缘手套、穿绝缘橡胶鞋，工作时两人操作，一人持棒，一人看电机，随时挪电机，不得拖拉。④电源箱内要有漏电保护器，电机外壳做好接零保护，随机用的电缆线不得捆在架管或钢筋上，防止破损漏电。⑤用完的振捣棒先断电再盘电缆，电机放在干燥处，防止受潮造成电机烧毁现象。⑥混凝土泵的使用遵循使用说明书的各项规定及其它安全规定的要求进行。⑦所有安全和预防事故装置如：指示及警告标志、栅栏等必须使用，不得更改或取消。⑧在泵机周围设置必须的工作区域，非操作人员未经许可不得入内。⑨电气控制箱使用安装接线只能由专业电工进行操作。4.2环境保护与文明施工措施①混凝土浇筑阶段，混凝土运输车辆运输频繁，定时对道路进行淋水、降尘，控制粉尘污染。②严格控制混凝土输送泵、振捣棒等的噪音污染，白天控制在85分贝，夜控制在70分贝。所有车辆进入现场后禁止鸣笛，以减少噪音。③振捣混凝土时，不得振捣动钢筋和钢模板，并做到快插慢拔。④及时清理因冲洗混凝土泵以及在施工过程中洒落的混凝土。五、成品保护1、充分考虑保证交叉施工、不相互干扰为前提条件，制定多工种交叉施工作业计划和措施。合理安排施工顺序，避免或减少工序间的损伤和污染，凡下道工序对上道工序会产生损伤污染和破坏的，须先采取有效的已完工程的保护措施，否则不许开工。2、施工中视不同情况，分别对已完工程进行隔离栏保护，或采取塑料布或塑料纸包裹、彩条布覆盖或对已完工部位进行局部封闭的措施。mL.V1--volumeofthesampleusedfordeterminationofsulfuricacidsolution,mL.M--theweightofthesample,g.Suchaspoormeetstherequirements,takethearithmeticmeanoftheseconddeterminationasaresult.Allowanalysisofpersonnelsimultaneouslyorinquicksuccessionforthesecondusedfordeterminationoftheabsolutevalueofthedifferencebetweenthevolumeofsulfuricacidsolution.Thevaluedoesnotexceed0.1.(B)Spectrophotometricmethods(arbitrationlaw)1,theprinciple:inthepresenceofacatalyst,sulfuricacidstarchanditsderivativesandreactionproductsofalkali,anddistillingammoniarelease,andcollectedwithasulfuricacidsolution,addreagentusingspectrophotometerdeterminationofnitrogencontentammoniumsaltandturnedinto.Thismethodissuitablefornitrogencontentoflessthan0.025%(m/m)samplesofstarchanditsderivatives.2,reagentinthedeterminationprocess,onlyuseanalyticalgradereagentanddistilledwater,oratleastthepurityofwater.Concentratedsulphuricacid:96%(m/m),ρ20for1.84g/mL.Sodiumhydroxidesolution:40%(m/m),ρ201.43g/mL.Catalyst:formedbythe97gand3Gofpotassiumsulfateanhydrouscoppersulfate.Ammoniumsulfate.Standardsolutionofsulphuricacid:about0.1mol/Lcalibrationsolution.Nyquistreagents:atleasttwodaysbeforeuse,100giodideofmercury(ⅱ)and70glOOmLsolutionofpotassiumiodideinwater,theotherwill700mL244gpotassiumhydroxidedissolvedinwater1000mLbottleandmakeitcooltoroomtemperature.Theabovemercuryiodide(II)/potassiumiodidesolutionintothevolumetricflaskandslowly,...Inside,inthedark.3,apparatus,Kjeldahlflasks:volumetypicallybetween500~800mL.Digestion:theKjeldahlflasktotilt 表C1-3技术交底记录3、混凝土施工时必须设计可靠的混凝土模板、作业平台、支架等设施，拆模时不得用大锤、撬棍硬砸、硬撬，以免混凝土内部或外形收到损伤。技术负责人：交底人：接交人：附表：mL.V1--volumeofthesampleusedfordeterminationofsulfuricacidsolution,mL.M--theweightofthesample,g.Suchaspoormeetstherequirements,takethearithmeticmeanoftheseconddeterminationasaresult.Allowanalysisofpersonnelsimultaneouslyorinquicksuccessionforthesecondusedfordeterminationoftheabsolutevalueofthedifferencebetweenthevolumeofsulfuricacidsolution.Thevaluedoesnotexceed0.1.(B)Spectrophotometricmethods(arbitrationlaw)1,theprinciple:inthepresenceofacatalyst,sulfuricacidstarchanditsderivativesandreactionproductsofalkali,anddistillingammoniarelease,andcollectedwithasulfuricacidsolution,addreagentusingspectrophotometerdeterminationofnitrogencontentammoniumsaltandturnedinto.Thismethodissuitablefornitrogencontentoflessthan0.025%(m/m)samplesofstarchanditsderivatives.2,reagentinthedeterminationprocess,onlyuseanalyticalgradereagentanddistilledwater,oratleastthepurityofwater.Concentratedsulphuricacid:96%(m/m),ρ20for1.84g/mL.Sodiumhydroxidesolution:40%(m/m),ρ201.43g/mL.Catalyst:formedbythe97gand3Gofpotassiumsulfateanhydrouscoppersulfate.Ammoniumsulfate.Standardsolutionofsulphuricacid:about0.1mol/Lcalibrationsolution.Nyquistreagents:atleasttwodaysbeforeuse,100giodideofmercury(ⅱ)and70glOOmLsolutionofpotassiumiodideinwater,theotherwill700mL244gpotassiumhydroxidedissolvedinwater1000mLbottleandmakeitcooltoroomtemperature.Theabovemercuryiodide(II)/potassiumiodidesolutionintothevolumetricflaskandslowly,...Inside,inthedark.3,apparatus,Kjeldahlflasks:volumetypicallybetween500~800mL.Digestion:theKjeldahlflasktotilt 表C1-3技术交底记录国宾中央区大体积砼测温记录表工程名称：国宾中央区A2块11#楼序号混凝土温度空气温度记录人记录时间备注底部中部上部mL.V1--volumeofthesampleusedfordeterminationofsulfuricacidsolution,mL.M--theweightofthesample,g.Suchaspoormeetstherequirements,takethearithmeticmeanoftheseconddeterminationasaresult.Allowanalysisofpersonnelsimultaneouslyorinquicksuccessionforthesecondusedfordeterminationoftheabsolutevalueofthedifferencebetweenthevolumeofsulfuricacidsolution.Thevaluedoesnotexceed0.1.(B)Spectrophotometricmethods(arbitrationlaw)1,theprinciple:inthepresenceofacatalyst,sulfuricacidstarchanditsderivativesandreactionproductsofalkali,anddistillingammoniarelease,andcollectedwithasulfuricacidsolution,addreagentusingspectrophotometerdeterminationofnitrogencontentammoniumsaltandturnedinto.Thismethodissuitablefornitrogencontentoflessthan0.025%(m/m)samplesofstarchanditsderivatives.2,reagentinthedeterminationprocess,onlyuseanalyticalgradereagentanddistilledwater,oratleastthepurityofwater.Concentratedsulphuricacid:96%(m/m),ρ20for1.84g/mL.Sodiumhydroxidesolution:40%(m/m),ρ201.43g/mL.Catalyst:formedbythe97gand3Gofpotassiumsulfateanhydrouscoppersulfate.Ammoniumsulfate.Standardsolutionofsulphuricacid:about0.1mol/Lcalibrationsolution.Nyquistreagents:atleasttwodaysbeforeuse,100giodideofmercury(ⅱ)and70glOOmLsolutionofpotassiumiodideinwater,theotherwill700mL244gpotassiumhydroxidedissolvedinwater1000mLbottleandmakeitcooltoroomtemperature.Theabovemercuryiodide(II)/potassiumiodidesolutionintothevolumetricflaskandslowly,...Inside,inthedark.3,apparatus,Kjeldahlflasks:volumetypicallybetween500~800mL.Digestion:theKjeldahlflasktotilt'