屋面钢结构施工技术交底

'技术、安全交底记录单位/部门：四川华海建设集团成都富园物流商业中心项目部交底工种钢结构操作工日期2012年9月15日共8页工程名称成都富园物流商业中心交底部位屋面钢结构第1页1、工程概述成都富园物流商业中心1＃建筑工程位于成都市双流地区物流大道旁，建筑层数：四层，建筑层高：9米，建筑高度约为：36.4米，钢屋架安装位置，从本工程楼面四层砼柱顶轴线～轴线交轴线～轴线，本工程为砼柱钢结构屋盖，柱距分别为11.4米，屋面采用彩色钢板，墙面采用砖墙，基础采用C45结构柱。2、编制依据2.1、工程施工图。2.2、现场实际踏勘情况。2.3、我公司的施工技术力量和机械设备等的配备情况及以往类似工程施工经验。2.4、国家和地方现行相关工程施工技术规范、规程、质量检验评定标准3施工工艺3.1本钢结构工程拟用徐工吊车吊装，该吊车臂长21米，自重16吨，旋转半径为6米，最大可吊12吨。3.2本次结构吊装顺序为：预埋锚栓的标高、轴线的复测→屋面钢架梁的吊装（分区由到再到）→ST系杆连接→ZC水平支撑连接钢梁→Z型檩条安装→隅撑、拉筋、拉条等细部构件安装。3.3在结构吊装和安装的过程中，穿叉进行部分设备的吊装和存放工作。4施工前应具备的条件 4.1施工图纸到位，已进行图纸的自审、会审和设计交底工作，并编制施工方案已报得业主批准。4.2有有效的合格的焊接工艺评定，焊工经培训考试合格，到得相应项目资质。4.3土建结构基础施工完毕，并经交接、验收合格。4.4人、工、机具、材料齐备，水、电到位，能够连续施工。4.5、钢结构的组对注意事项板梁组合前要进行检查，放好主梁纵横向中心线，打好眼冲标记，调好主梁间距，留出2-4mm焊接收缩量，拉对角线检查，符合要求后，作好限位，连接次梁，点焊后，反复测量间距、对角线，然后焊接。审核人：交底人：接交人：boxbeforecommissioning,checkdistributionboxthereisnodebris,installationinaccordancewiththecriteriaofqualityassessment,chromatography,platesarecomplete.2boxesinsidethedoorsandframes,andgroundedorneutralexamination.3withelectricopeningdoors,doorandframegroundterminalapplyingbarebraidedcopperwireconnectionsandgroundingidentifies.4connectionoftheprotectiveconductorshouldbeexposedintheexternalprotectiveconductorTerminal.5lightingshouldbesettingthezerolinebox(n)andprotectiveground(PE)bus,zerolineandprotectthegroundbusdistribution.6laidgroundlinesalongthelengthofevery15-100mmrespectively,coatedwithyellowandgreenstripes.7testinggroundingresistanceofgroundingdevicesmustcomplywiththedesignrequirements.8boxesofchecks:basedonchangesofdesigndrawingsandconstructiondocuments,checkboxinthecomponentspecification,model,installationlocationshouldbecorrect;boxesonbothsidesoftheTerminalcannotlack;theconductorcrosssectionshouldmeettherequirementsofdrawings;line-by-linecheckboxinthedevice"sconnectionandtheconnectionoftheequipmenttotheterminalblockinsidethebox.9boxtiecablecheck:liaisonbetweentheboxandtheboxcablesrequiredbyproofing;checklinesonthecircuitatthesametimeshouldcheckthewires,cables,relays,switches,buttons,terminalblocksmarkedwithlinedrawings.10operatorchecks:themaincheck7 单位/部门：四川华海建设集团成都富园物流商业中心项目部交底工种钢结构操作工日期2012年9月15日共8页工程名称成都富园物流商业中心交底部位屋面钢结构第2页4.6.结构基础的验收4.6.1.钢结构在安装前要对结构的基础进行检查验收，验收的允许偏差如下：项目允许偏差（mm）不同平面标高（包括预埋钢板）0-20纵轴线和横轴线坐标位置±20平面水平度每米5全长10外形尺寸、平面外形尺寸±20预埋地脚螺栓顶端标高中心距离0，+20±24.6.2结构安装前，应划出纵向横向安装基准线和标高基准点。4.6.3基础划线符合以下要求：纵向和横向中心线应相互垂直；相应两柱子定位中心线间距允许偏差为±2mm；各组对称四根柱子定位中心点的两对角线长度之差不应大于5mm。4.6.4构件标注吊装前对钢构件做好中心线，标高线的标注，对不对称的构件还应标注安装方向，对大型构件应标注出重心和吊点，标注可采用不同于构件涂装涂料颜色的油漆作标记，做到清楚、准确、醒目。如下图：审核人：交底人：接交人：boxbeforecommissioning,checkdistributionboxthereisnodebris,installationinaccordancewiththecriteriaofqualityassessment,chromatography,platesarecomplete.2boxesinsidethedoorsandframes,andgroundedorneutralexamination.3withelectricopeningdoors,doorandframegroundterminalapplyingbarebraidedcopperwireconnectionsandgroundingidentifies.4connectionoftheprotectiveconductorshouldbeexposedintheexternalprotectiveconductorTerminal.5lightingshouldbesettingthezerolinebox(n)andprotectiveground(PE)bus,zerolineandprotectthegroundbusdistribution.6laidgroundlinesalongthelengthofevery15-100mmrespectively,coatedwithyellowandgreenstripes.7testinggroundingresistanceofgroundingdevicesmustcomplywiththedesignrequirements.8boxesofchecks:basedonchangesofdesigndrawingsandconstructiondocuments,checkboxinthecomponentspecification,model,installationlocationshouldbecorrect;boxesonbothsidesoftheTerminalcannotlack;theconductorcrosssectionshouldmeettherequirementsofdrawings;line-by-linecheckboxinthedevice"sconnectionandtheconnectionoftheequipmenttotheterminalblockinsidethebox.9boxtiecablecheck:liaisonbetweentheboxandtheboxcablesrequiredbyproofing;checklinesonthecircuitatthesametimeshouldcheckthewires,cables,relays,switches,buttons,terminalblocksmarkedwithlinedrawings.10operatorchecks:themaincheck7 单位/部门：四川华海建设集团成都富园物流商业中心项目部交底工种钢结构操作工日期2012年9月15日共8页工程名称成都富园物流商业中心交底部位屋面钢结构第3页4.6.5吊时对构件的保护吊装时在构件本身用钢丝绳绑扎时，对构件及钢丝绳进行保护：(1)、在构件四角做包角（用半圆钢管内夹角钢）以防止钢丝绳刻断。一、二、三、四、五、(2)、在绑扎点处为防止工字型或H形钢柱局部挤压破坏，可加一节加强胫板，吊装各构件绑扎点处设支撑杆。5钢结构组件的吊装方法钢结构组件的吊装采用12T重的起重机吊装。5.1.吊装车、索具的选用卡环选用两个30卡环，钢架吊装绳索的选用ф39-6X37+1-170钢丝绳两根，单根长度24米，一弯两股，破断力为95t，则安全系数A=（95*4）/48=7.92,满足吊装系数要求。本工程拟用徐工吊车吊料，该吊车臂长21米，自重16吨，旋转半径为6米﹤柱距11.4米，最大可吊12吨﹥最大钢梁（三节拼装）2.5吨，最大起吊高度21米﹥轴线钢梁吊装高度（39.627-27.2=12.42米+吊绳高度2米+构件高度2米=16.64米）。审核人：交底人：接交人：boxbeforecommissioning,checkdistributionboxthereisnodebris,installationinaccordancewiththecriteriaofqualityassessment,chromatography,platesarecomplete.2boxesinsidethedoorsandframes,andgroundedorneutralexamination.3withelectricopeningdoors,doorandframegroundterminalapplyingbarebraidedcopperwireconnectionsandgroundingidentifies.4connectionoftheprotectiveconductorshouldbeexposedintheexternalprotectiveconductorTerminal.5lightingshouldbesettingthezerolinebox(n)andprotectiveground(PE)bus,zerolineandprotectthegroundbusdistribution.6laidgroundlinesalongthelengthofevery15-100mmrespectively,coatedwithyellowandgreenstripes.7testinggroundingresistanceofgroundingdevicesmustcomplywiththedesignrequirements.8boxesofchecks:basedonchangesofdesigndrawingsandconstructiondocuments,checkboxinthecomponentspecification,model,installationlocationshouldbecorrect;boxesonbothsidesoftheTerminalcannotlack;theconductorcrosssectionshouldmeettherequirementsofdrawings;line-by-linecheckboxinthedevice"sconnectionandtheconnectionoftheequipmenttotheterminalblockinsidethebox.9boxtiecablecheck:liaisonbetweentheboxandtheboxcablesrequiredbyproofing;checklinesonthecircuitatthesametimeshouldcheckthewires,cables,relays,switches,buttons,terminalblocksmarkedwithlinedrawings.10operatorchecks:themaincheck7 单位/部门：四川华海建设集团成都富园物流商业中心项目部交底工种钢结构操作工日期2012年9月15日共8页工程名称成都富园物流商业中心交底部位屋面钢结构第4页按自重16吨和一根钢梁的最大重量为3吨，共计19吨计算，本车四个车轮，每个车轮承受约为5吨的重量，每个车轮与混凝土楼板的接触面积为2.5㎡，楼板的承受荷载为2吨/㎡，即20KN/㎡﹤允许总荷载为20.5KN/㎡，安全，故该机型完全能够满足本工程吊装需要。5.2钢梁的吊装(1)、吊点的选择钢梁在吊装前应前仔细计算钢梁的重心，并在构件上作出明确的标注，吊装时吊点的选择应保证吊钩与构件的中心线在同一铅垂线上。对于跨度大的梁，由于侧向刚度小，腹板宽厚比大的构件，防止构件扭曲和损坏。(2)、屋面梁的吊装屋面梁的特点是跨度大（即构件长）侧向刚度很小，为了确保质量、安全、提高生产效率，减少劳动强度，根据现场条件和起重设备能力，最大限度地扩大地面拼装工作量，将地面组装好的屋面梁吊起就位，并与柱连接。可选用单机两点或三点起吊或用铁扁担以减小索具所产生的对梁的压力。6钢结构的焊接与连接6.1本工程钢架梁采用Q345B，梁底板、端头采用Q345B钢，加劲板采用Q235B钢，次构件采用Q235，檩条采用Q345冷弯薄壁钢，故焊材主要选用结422焊条和结507焊条，直径从2.5-5.0mm，所有焊材都要有合格证，并且焊条结507焊条在使用前按规范要求对其进行烘烤。6.2焊工应经相应项目考试并取得合格证后方可施焊。6.3施焊前，焊工应复查组装质量和焊缝区的处理情况，如不符合要求，应修整合格后方能施焊。审核人：交底人：接交人：boxbeforecommissioning,checkdistributionboxthereisnodebris,installationinaccordancewiththecriteriaofqualityassessment,chromatography,platesarecomplete.2boxesinsidethedoorsandframes,andgroundedorneutralexamination.3withelectricopeningdoors,doorandframegroundterminalapplyingbarebraidedcopperwireconnectionsandgroundingidentifies.4connectionoftheprotectiveconductorshouldbeexposedintheexternalprotectiveconductorTerminal.5lightingshouldbesettingthezerolinebox(n)andprotectiveground(PE)bus,zerolineandprotectthegroundbusdistribution.6laidgroundlinesalongthelengthofevery15-100mmrespectively,coatedwithyellowandgreenstripes.7testinggroundingresistanceofgroundingdevicesmustcomplywiththedesignrequirements.8boxesofchecks:basedonchangesofdesigndrawingsandconstructiondocuments,checkboxinthecomponentspecification,model,installationlocationshouldbecorrect;boxesonbothsidesoftheTerminalcannotlack;theconductorcrosssectionshouldmeettherequirementsofdrawings;line-by-linecheckboxinthedevice"sconnectionandtheconnectionoftheequipmenttotheterminalblockinsidethebox.9boxtiecablecheck:liaisonbetweentheboxandtheboxcablesrequiredbyproofing;checklinesonthecircuitatthesametimeshouldcheckthewires,cables,relays,switches,buttons,terminalblocksmarkedwithlinedrawings.10operatorchecks:themaincheck7 单位/部门：四川华海建设集团成都富园物流商业中心项目部交底工种钢结构操作工日期2012年9月15日共8页工程名称成都富园物流商业中心交底部位屋面钢结构第5页6.4普通碳素结构钢厚度大于34mm和低合金钢厚度大于30mm时，工作地点温度不低于00C时，应进行预热，其焊接预热温度及层间温度宜控制在100-1500C，预热区应在焊接坡口两侧各80-100mm范围内。工作地点温度低于00C 时，预热温度按实验确定。6.5多层焊接应连续施焊，其中每一层焊道焊完后应及时清理，如发现有影响质量的缺陷，必须清除后再焊。6.6焊缝出现裂纹时，焊工不得擅自处理，应申报焊接技术负责人查清原因，订出修补措施后，方可处理。6.7严禁在焊缝区以外的线材上打火引弧，在坡口内起弧的局部面积应熔焊一次，不得留下弧坑。6.8焊缝质量检查钢结构焊缝质量检验分三级，按照设计级别，设计要求全焊透的一、二级焊缝应采用超声波探　伤进行内部缺陷的检验，超声波探伤不能对缺陷作出判断进，应采用射线探伤，其内部缺陷分级及探伤方法符合国家标准。检查览表如下：焊缝级别检验项目检查数量1外观检查全部超声波检验全部X射线检验全部2外观检查全部超声波检验抽查焊缝数量20%X射线检验抽查焊缝数量20%3外观检查全部注：控伤比例的读数方法应按以下原则确定：对现场安装焊缝，应按同一类型、同一施焊条件的焊缝条数计算百分比，探伤长度应不小于200mm，并应不少于1条焊缝。焊缝外观检查及无损检测按有关标准执行。审核人：交底人：接交人：boxbeforecommissioning,checkdistributionboxthereisnodebris,installationinaccordancewiththecriteriaofqualityassessment,chromatography,platesarecomplete.2boxesinsidethedoorsandframes,andgroundedorneutralexamination.3withelectricopeningdoors,doorandframegroundterminalapplyingbarebraidedcopperwireconnectionsandgroundingidentifies.4connectionoftheprotectiveconductorshouldbeexposedintheexternalprotectiveconductorTerminal.5lightingshouldbesettingthezerolinebox(n)andprotectiveground(PE)bus,zerolineandprotectthegroundbusdistribution.6laidgroundlinesalongthelengthofevery15-100mmrespectively,coatedwithyellowandgreenstripes.7testinggroundingresistanceofgroundingdevicesmustcomplywiththedesignrequirements.8boxesofchecks:basedonchangesofdesigndrawingsandconstructiondocuments,checkboxinthecomponentspecification,model,installationlocationshouldbecorrect;boxesonbothsidesoftheTerminalcannotlack;theconductorcrosssectionshouldmeettherequirementsofdrawings;line-by-linecheckboxinthedevice"sconnectionandtheconnectionoftheequipmenttotheterminalblockinsidethebox.9boxtiecablecheck:liaisonbetweentheboxandtheboxcablesrequiredbyproofing;checklinesonthecircuitatthesametimeshouldcheckthewires,cables,relays,switches,buttons,terminalblocksmarkedwithlinedrawings.10operatorchecks:themaincheck7 单位/部门：四川华海建设集团成都富园物流商业中心项目部交底工种钢结构操作工日期2012年9月15日共8页工程名称成都富园物流商业中心交底部位屋面钢结构第6页6.9螺栓的连接所有的螺栓都要有合格的质量证明文件。若业主有要求，要对高强螺栓按一定比例进行性能试验。如有合金钢螺栓，要进行光谱分析。对高强度螺栓连接摩擦面要进行抗滑移系数试验和复验。现场进行抗滑移试验按2000吨为一批进行。每种表面处理工艺应单独检验，每批三组试件。抗滑移系数试验用的试件应由制造厂加工，试件与所代表的钢结构构件为同一材质、同批制作、采用同一摩擦面处理工艺和具有相同的表面状态，并应用同一批同一性能等级的高强度螺栓连接副，在同一环境条件下存放。本工程钢架构件现场连接采用10.9级扭剪高强度螺栓，高强螺栓规格为M22，长度为80㎜,孔径为24㎜,高强度螺栓结合面不得涂漆，摩擦面抗滑移系数为Q235为0.45，Q345为0.50。　　高强度螺栓的施拧顺序及初拧、复拧扭矩按照设计及规范要求进行。高强螺栓终拧后外露丝扣为2－3扣，允许10%外露1扣或4扣。且高强螺栓摩擦面保持干燥和整洁，不许有油污、飞边、毛刺等。7质量保证措施7.1建立完整的质量保证体系。项目经理施工经理项目总工工艺责任工程师质量检验责任工程师理化责任工程师无损检测责任工程师焊接责任工程师施工班组审核人：交底人：接交人：boxbeforecommissioning,checkdistributionboxthereisnodebris,installationinaccordancewiththecriteriaofqualityassessment,chromatography,platesarecomplete.2boxesinsidethedoorsandframes,andgroundedorneutralexamination.3withelectricopeningdoors,doorandframegroundterminalapplyingbarebraidedcopperwireconnectionsandgroundingidentifies.4connectionoftheprotectiveconductorshouldbeexposedintheexternalprotectiveconductorTerminal.5lightingshouldbesettingthezerolinebox(n)andprotectiveground(PE)bus,zerolineandprotectthegroundbusdistribution.6laidgroundlinesalongthelengthofevery15-100mmrespectively,coatedwithyellowandgreenstripes.7testinggroundingresistanceofgroundingdevicesmustcomplywiththedesignrequirements.8boxesofchecks:basedonchangesofdesigndrawingsandconstructiondocuments,checkboxinthecomponentspecification,model,installationlocationshouldbecorrect;boxesonbothsidesoftheTerminalcannotlack;theconductorcrosssectionshouldmeettherequirementsofdrawings;line-by-linecheckboxinthedevice"sconnectionandtheconnectionoftheequipmenttotheterminalblockinsidethebox.9boxtiecablecheck:liaisonbetweentheboxandtheboxcablesrequiredbyproofing;checklinesonthecircuitatthesametimeshouldcheckthewires,cables,relays,switches,buttons,terminalblocksmarkedwithlinedrawings.10operatorchecks:themaincheck7 单位/部门：四川华海建设集团成都富园物流商业中心项目部交底工种钢结构操作工日期2012年9月15日共8页工程名称成都富园物流商业中心交底部位屋面钢结构第17页7.2按照质量标准和质量保证体系对质量进行管理，使钢结构安装过程中的质量得到控制和保证。7.3加强各级人员的质量教育，提高全员质量意识。7.4加强质量预控和坚持“三检一评”制度，对出现的问题及时反馈及时整改。7.5对原材料做好检验，严把质量关。7.6严格执行工序交接制度，上道工序不合格，不得进行下道工序施工。8安全技术措施8.1安全注意事项：8.1.1对参加吊装作业的人员应及时进行安全意识教育，树立“安全第一”的思想。8.1.2认真检查机索具，尤其是卡环，起吊前对各部位连接认真检查，确保吊装安全。8.1.3吊装结构吊装作业区，挂上红白绳，与吊装无关人员不得入内。8.1.4吊装作业区及附近不允许有高压电线，若有必须先进行拆除或采取停电措施后方可吊装。8.1.5若吊装超过吊装作业半径，放结构时，要防止结构受力变形。8.1.6吊装时，吊装臂下严禁站人。8.1.7吊装过程中，如发生突然情况因故暂停，施工人员不得慌乱，听从指挥，及时采取措施排除故障，且不得使结构长期处于悬吊状态。8.1.8吊装指挥在吊装作业前对吊装作业人员特别是司机进行信号交底，司机在不明白意图时不要猜测性进行操作。8.1.9风力超过五级或雨天不允许吊装，并不得进行登高作业。8.1.10结构安装过程中要注意立体交叉作业的保护，以免出现意外。8.1.11进入工地要戴安全帽，登高作业要佩戴安全带。8.1.12结构吊装要用缆绳临时拉固。审核人：交底人：接交人：boxbeforecommissioning,checkdistributionboxthereisnodebris,installationinaccordancewiththecriteriaofqualityassessment,chromatography,platesarecomplete.2boxesinsidethedoorsandframes,andgroundedorneutralexamination.3withelectricopeningdoors,doorandframegroundterminalapplyingbarebraidedcopperwireconnectionsandgroundingidentifies.4connectionoftheprotectiveconductorshouldbeexposedintheexternalprotectiveconductorTerminal.5lightingshouldbesettingthezerolinebox(n)andprotectiveground(PE)bus,zerolineandprotectthegroundbusdistribution.6laidgroundlinesalongthelengthofevery15-100mmrespectively,coatedwithyellowandgreenstripes.7testinggroundingresistanceofgroundingdevicesmustcomplywiththedesignrequirements.8boxesofchecks:basedonchangesofdesigndrawingsandconstructiondocuments,checkboxinthecomponentspecification,model,installationlocationshouldbecorrect;boxesonbothsidesoftheTerminalcannotlack;theconductorcrosssectionshouldmeettherequirementsofdrawings;line-by-linecheckboxinthedevice"sconnectionandtheconnectionoftheequipmenttotheterminalblockinsidethebox.9boxtiecablecheck:liaisonbetweentheboxandtheboxcablesrequiredbyproofing;checklinesonthecircuitatthesametimeshouldcheckthewires,cables,relays,switches,buttons,terminalblocksmarkedwithlinedrawings.10operatorchecks:themaincheck7 单位/部门：四川华海建设集团成都富园物流商业中心项目部交底工种钢结构操作工日期2012年9月15日共8页工程名称成都富园物流商业中心交底部位屋面钢结构第8页9、劳动力组织序号工种人数１铆工4２起重2３电焊6４气焊1５力工2６测量工２７队长18技术员110、吊装机索具及材料一览表序号名称规格及材质单位数量备注１汽车吊12ｔ台1２运输车10t台1３钢丝绳39-6x37+1-170根4单24米审核人：交底人：接交人：boxbeforecommissioning,checkdistributionboxthereisnodebris,installationinaccordancewiththecriteriaofqualityassessment,chromatography,platesarecomplete.2boxesinsidethedoorsandframes,andgroundedorneutralexamination.3withelectricopeningdoors,doorandframegroundterminalapplyingbarebraidedcopperwireconnectionsandgroundingidentifies.4connectionoftheprotectiveconductorshouldbeexposedintheexternalprotectiveconductorTerminal.5lightingshouldbesettingthezerolinebox(n)andprotectiveground(PE)bus,zerolineandprotectthegroundbusdistribution.6laidgroundlinesalongthelengthofevery15-100mmrespectively,coatedwithyellowandgreenstripes.7testinggroundingresistanceofgroundingdevicesmustcomplywiththedesignrequirements.8boxesofchecks:basedonchangesofdesigndrawingsandconstructiondocuments,checkboxinthecomponentspecification,model,installationlocationshouldbecorrect;boxesonbothsidesoftheTerminalcannotlack;theconductorcrosssectionshouldmeettherequirementsofdrawings;line-by-linecheckboxinthedevice"sconnectionandtheconnectionoftheequipmenttotheterminalblockinsidethebox.9boxtiecablecheck:liaisonbetweentheboxandtheboxcablesrequiredbyproofing;checklinesonthecircuitatthesametimeshouldcheckthewires,cables,relays,switches,buttons,terminalblocksmarkedwithlinedrawings.10operatorchecks:themaincheck7'