河北铁路客运专线车站桩基施工方案(钻孔灌注桩)

'WiththeShaanxiExpresswaynetworkingtoll,tollextensionbusinessisnowweighingchargesforstoragechargesdatabasesecurityandbackupofbusinessdatahasbecomemoreprominent.Aftertwoyearsofoperation,moreandmoreawarenessoftheoperatingunitstodatabasestabilityissuesisaproblemnottobeignored.Simpleexamplessuchas:failureoftheserversanddatabases,generalmaintenanceandmanagementstaff,inmanycases,cannotbeindependentandquickrecovery,hadanimpactonproduction.Soweneedaproperdatabackupsolutions.Databaseisthecoreofthewholesystem,databasesecurityshouldpaymoreattention.Therefore,theformulationofappropriatedatabasebackupstrategy,istomaintaindatabasesecuritynormsaswellastheguidelines,tobackupthedataitneedsfromthetechnical,aswellasadministrativelyregulated.Indatasecurity,datasecuritystrategyistomaintaintheintegrity,confidentialityandavailabilityofinformation.Therefore,databasesecuritypolicywillfocusonthesethreepoints,includingphysicalsecurity,accesscontrol,databackupandemergencyresponse.Here,inthetollcollectionsystemintheprovinceusestheSQLServerdatabaseasanexampletoillustratetheideaofdevelopingitssecuritypolicy.1researchbackgroundofconstructionofnetworkedExpresswaytollcollectionsystemreducedthenumberofdriversvehiclesintheroadnetworkandimproveroadcapacity,reducingenvironmentalpollutionduetoparking,enhancetheeconomicbenefitsofHighwayandsocialimage.ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollbeganinMay2004,asofnowtherearemorethan200dataserver,asmoresectionsofgrid-connectedcharges,chargesdataasthecoreofthewholesystem,itisnecessarytoestablishasetofdatasecurityandreliablesolution.2purposethistimethroughtheanalysisofnetworkdatainserverhealth,ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystembasedondata,statisticalmethodsofdatastorage,dataresearch,originalchargeaspossiblesecurity,integrityandprivacyofdata.Fortheopeningsectionafterincorporationfeesprovideareliablesetofdatasecuritypolicies.3databasesecuritysituationintheprovinceShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystemoverview3.1database-tiersystems,managementsystems,branch-levelmanagementsystem,theprovincialnetworkcentresplitandtransfersystem,four-levelsystem.Eachsystemhasitsownseparatedataserverisusedtostoretheircollectionofpremiumbusinessdata,providethebasisforstatisticalanalysis.1,stand-levelserverstoragefeescollectedfromtolllanesflowingdataandpassonthissiteblessingKaku,cartridgeinformationwithinthissite,cardboxallocation,cartridgecombinationofinformationandfrequencyinformation.2,themainstorageserverserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataandthepassofblessingKaku,theinternalcartridgeinformation,reallocationofthecartridgeandcartridgecombination,personnelinformation,flightinformation,chargestheactualpaymentdataentrywork.3,Center-classserverstorageserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataWaterdataintegritycanbeupandrunning.Sowhenadatabaseserverfails,youdonotneedtopassdatatorecover,simplythroughthecollectionprocedureforchargingwaterdatacollectiontocompletethefastrecoveryofserverfailures.4.4analysissummarysummaryanalysis,lanebecauseitisnotacompletestationleveldata,sothereisnoneedfordedicatedbackup.Stand-levelserverdatabecauseitisatthefrontofthechargeasawhole,itsfaultdirectlyaffectstheexercisenormally,youneedacompleteoffsitebackupsolution.Management,anddatacenterserver,duetoitsoperationswithoutmanualdataentry,sojustusecommonartificialscheduledbackupscanbe.5solutionsinordertoensurethatwhentheserverafterahardwarefailover,backupdatawithoutchangesoronlyminorchangescanbequickandeasytroubleshootingofserverdatarecovery,you中铁电化局集团有限公司京石客专站房工程项目经理部目录第一章总体施工组织规划3第一节编制依据3第二章工程概况3第一节工程简况3第二节设计概况4第三节场地工程地质及水文地质情况4第四节主要工程内容及数量4第三章施工部署4第一节施工组织管理机构图4第二节劳动力安排5第三节主要施工机械设备配备5第四节主要测量、试验、检测仪器设备配备6第四章总体施工安排7工程进度计划71、进度计划编制原则72、进度计划7第五章主要工程项目的施工方案、施工方法8第一节施工测量8一、施工测量方案8第二节桩基工程施工8一、施工工艺选择8二、施工工艺流程8三、施工方法96、成孔116.1成孔顺序116.2钻进成孔116.3钻孔注意事项127钻孔注意事项128、钢筋笼制作安装139.1.2导管下放149.2混凝土施工159.2.2混凝土输送159.2.3混凝土浇注15needtoselectthereal-timesynchronizationmethodoftheprogramme.Typicallybackupsystemcomeswithbackupsolutionsshouldbepreferred.Ifthesystemcomeswithabackupplanifitcannotmeettherequirements,softwaredevelopmentmethodsisneeded.Orthird-partysoftwaresystemsareselectedforbackup.Becausethird-partybackupsoftwareisusuallypricedveryhigh,chargingunitsrequirehighprice,soforonlythefirsttwomethodsarestudiedbelow.5.1useMSSQL2000synchronizedbackupsofSQL2000databaseinthreeways,namelysnapshotreplication,transactionalreplicationandmergereplication.Bycomparison,excludingthefirsttwoprogrammes,selectsynchronizationtransactionalreplicationanddatabaseNothwinddatabase,forexample,fortesting.Thethreepartsofthemainconsiderationsinthesynchronizationofthedata,canbethoughtofasthreehosts.ThePublisher,Distributor,andSubscriber;canbeunderstoodfromtheliteralmeaning,functionisactuallyimplementedtokeepsubscribersthroughtheDistributordatatimelyandconsistentdataatthePublisher.1,aboutsnapshotreplicationtocopydatachangesinfrequently,orarenotrequiredtokeepthedatacurrentvalues(lowlatency),snapshotdataisoneofthebestmethodsofdatareplication.Whensynchronizationoccurs,completesnapshotisgeneratedandsenttotheSubscriber.Becausesnapshotreplicationbulkcopiesreleased(itemscollection)acompletecopy,itwillpublishallwritesmadetothesnapshotfolder.Projectistospecifythatyouwanttocopytables,datapartitioning,ordatabaseobjects.Projectscanbeafulltableandcertaincolumns(usingaverticalfilter),certainrows(usingahorizontalfilter),astoredprocedureorviewdefinition,thestoredprocedureexecution,view,indexed,view,oruser-definedfunction.Snapshotreplicationdoesnotmaintaindatathefastestreal-timeupdates,andthebulkcopyreleased(itemscollection)afullcopyofthemechanismwillgeneratealotofnetworktraffic.Onlysmallvolumesofreplicationused,dataisstaticanddoesnotneedtobeupdatedinrealtimedatabase.SodonotusesnapshotreplicationthesynchronizationmodeDatatable,addanewdatafieldMSrepl_tran_version,publishingsoftwaredependingonwhetherthecontentsofthisfieldchangestodeterminewhetheryouneedtopublishthedata.AndSQL2000dataismodifiedjudgingismanagedbythekernel,notforexternalprogramming.Suchasmodifythestructureoftheoriginaldatatable,adirectresultofrunninglanesandmanagementsoftwarethatdoesn"twork.DuetotheabovetestresultstoprovethatthisscenarioisnotsuitableasabackupmethodfornetworkingtollsysteminShaanxiProvince.5.2usingspeciallydevelopedbackupsoftwareaftertheabovetests,throughthesystem"ssubscriptions,publishmethodinShanxiprovinceunderthenetworkingsoftwaresyncbackup,demandcannotbemet,backupsoftwaresoIdecidedtouseforthedevelopmentofsynchronization,synchronizebackups.Asaresultofindependentdevelopment,ithasahighdegreeofflexibilityinbackup.Easierforseamlessintegrationwithexistingsystems.Backupsoftwaredevelopedforthesynchronization,youmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:inordertoensuresynchronousbackupsoftwarecanstartonWindowsstartup,andarenoteasilyshutdownbytheoperation,itshouldbedevelopedusingaWindowsservice.Synchronizebackupsoftwareisthesoftwarethatruns24hours,mustbeabletosteadyoperation.Inordertoreducenetworkbandwidthtothegreatestdegreeinthebackup,andonlyneedtobackupthetollingsystemgeneratesthenewdatatable.Thebackupsoftwareshouldbeabletoautomaticallyfiltertheaddnewdatainadatabasetable,andsynchronizedbackupsofdatathatmeetstheconditionsofform.FlagsfieldofthecurrentchargingsystemusingadedicatedTransferMark,anykindoftollsystemsoftwareafterchangingtherecord,bothonthefieldiszero,thisrecordhasbeenchangedtonotifyothersoftware.Usethisfieldasaflagtoidentifywhetherdatahaschanged.Inadditiontothisfield,-19- WiththeShaanxiExpresswaynetworkingtoll,tollextensionbusinessisnowweighingchargesforstoragechargesdatabasesecurityandbackupofbusinessdatahasbecomemoreprominent.Aftertwoyearsofoperation,moreandmoreawarenessoftheoperatingunitstodatabasestabilityissuesisaproblemnottobeignored.Simpleexamplessuchas:failureoftheserversanddatabases,generalmaintenanceandmanagementstaff,inmanycases,cannotbeindependentandquickrecovery,hadanimpactonproduction.Soweneedaproperdatabackupsolutions.Databaseisthecoreofthewholesystem,databasesecurityshouldpaymoreattention.Therefore,theformulationofappropriatedatabasebackupstrategy,istomaintaindatabasesecuritynormsaswellastheguidelines,tobackupthedataitneedsfromthetechnical,aswellasadministrativelyregulated.Indatasecurity,datasecuritystrategyistomaintaintheintegrity,confidentialityandavailabilityofinformation.Therefore,databasesecuritypolicywillfocusonthesethreepoints,includingphysicalsecurity,accesscontrol,databackupandemergencyresponse.Here,inthetollcollectionsystemintheprovinceusestheSQLServerdatabaseasanexampletoillustratetheideaofdevelopingitssecuritypolicy.1researchbackgroundofconstructionofnetworkedExpresswaytollcollectionsystemreducedthenumberofdriversvehiclesintheroadnetworkandimproveroadcapacity,reducingenvironmentalpollutionduetoparking,enhancetheeconomicbenefitsofHighwayandsocialimage.ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollbeganinMay2004,asofnowtherearemorethan200dataserver,asmoresectionsofgrid-connectedcharges,chargesdataasthecoreofthewholesystem,itisnecessarytoestablishasetofdatasecurityandreliablesolution.2purposethistimethroughtheanalysisofnetworkdatainserverhealth,ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystembasedondata,statisticalmethodsofdatastorage,dataresearch,originalchargeaspossiblesecurity,integrityandprivacyofdata.Fortheopeningsectionafterincorporationfeesprovideareliablesetofdatasecuritypolicies.3databasesecuritysituationintheprovinceShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystemoverview3.1database-tiersystems,managementsystems,branch-levelmanagementsystem,theprovincialnetworkcentresplitandtransfersystem,four-levelsystem.Eachsystemhasitsownseparatedataserverisusedtostoretheircollectionofpremiumbusinessdata,providethebasisforstatisticalanalysis.1,stand-levelserverstoragefeescollectedfromtolllanesflowingdataandpassonthissiteblessingKaku,cartridgeinformationwithinthissite,cardboxallocation,cartridgecombinationofinformationandfrequencyinformation.2,themainstorageserverserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataandthepassofblessingKaku,theinternalcartridgeinformation,reallocationofthecartridgeandcartridgecombination,personnelinformation,flightinformation,chargestheactualpaymentdataentrywork.3,Center-classserverstorageserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataWaterdataintegritycanbeupandrunning.Sowhenadatabaseserverfails,youdonotneedtopassdatatorecover,simplythroughthecollectionprocedureforchargingwaterdatacollectiontocompletethefastrecoveryofserverfailures.4.4analysissummarysummaryanalysis,lanebecauseitisnotacompletestationleveldata,sothereisnoneedfordedicatedbackup.Stand-levelserverdatabecauseitisatthefrontofthechargeasawhole,itsfaultdirectlyaffectstheexercisenormally,youneedacompleteoffsitebackupsolution.Management,anddatacenterserver,duetoitsoperationswithoutmanualdataentry,sojustusecommonartificialscheduledbackupscanbe.5solutionsinordertoensurethatwhentheserverafterahardwarefailover,backupdatawithoutchangesoronlyminorchangescanbequickandeasytroubleshootingofserverdatarecovery,you中铁电化局集团有限公司京石客专站房工程项目经理部9.3水下混凝土灌注的注意事项1610、桩基质量检测17第六章质量控制17第一节桩施工17第二节钢筋19第七章冬施工期保证措施19第八章安全文明施工20第一节安全施工20第二节文明施工20第一章总体施工组织规划第一节编制依据(1)上海岩土工程勘察设计研究院有限公司提供的京石客运保定东站岩土工程勘察报告，编号:2010-G-032。(2)京石客专保定东站设计图纸。(3)京石客专保定东站施工组织设计。(4)《建筑基桩检测技术规范》（JGJ103-2006）needtoselectthereal-timesynchronizationmethodoftheprogramme.Typicallybackupsystemcomeswithbackupsolutionsshouldbepreferred.Ifthesystemcomeswithabackupplanifitcannotmeettherequirements,softwaredevelopmentmethodsisneeded.Orthird-partysoftwaresystemsareselectedforbackup.Becausethird-partybackupsoftwareisusuallypricedveryhigh,chargingunitsrequirehighprice,soforonlythefirsttwomethodsarestudiedbelow.5.1useMSSQL2000synchronizedbackupsofSQL2000databaseinthreeways,namelysnapshotreplication,transactionalreplicationandmergereplication.Bycomparison,excludingthefirsttwoprogrammes,selectsynchronizationtransactionalreplicationanddatabaseNothwinddatabase,forexample,fortesting.Thethreepartsofthemainconsiderationsinthesynchronizationofthedata,canbethoughtofasthreehosts.ThePublisher,Distributor,andSubscriber;canbeunderstoodfromtheliteralmeaning,functionisactuallyimplementedtokeepsubscribersthroughtheDistributordatatimelyandconsistentdataatthePublisher.1,aboutsnapshotreplicationtocopydatachangesinfrequently,orarenotrequiredtokeepthedatacurrentvalues(lowlatency),snapshotdataisoneofthebestmethodsofdatareplication.Whensynchronizationoccurs,completesnapshotisgeneratedandsenttotheSubscriber.Becausesnapshotreplicationbulkcopiesreleased(itemscollection)acompletecopy,itwillpublishallwritesmadetothesnapshotfolder.Projectistospecifythatyouwanttocopytables,datapartitioning,ordatabaseobjects.Projectscanbeafulltableandcertaincolumns(usingaverticalfilter),certainrows(usingahorizontalfilter),astoredprocedureorviewdefinition,thestoredprocedureexecution,view,indexed,view,oruser-definedfunction.Snapshotreplicationdoesnotmaintaindatathefastestreal-timeupdates,andthebulkcopyreleased(itemscollection)afullcopyofthemechanismwillgeneratealotofnetworktraffic.Onlysmallvolumesofreplicationused,dataisstaticanddoesnotneedtobeupdatedinrealtimedatabase.SodonotusesnapshotreplicationthesynchronizationmodeDatatable,addanewdatafieldMSrepl_tran_version,publishingsoftwaredependingonwhetherthecontentsofthisfieldchangestodeterminewhetheryouneedtopublishthedata.AndSQL2000dataismodifiedjudgingismanagedbythekernel,notforexternalprogramming.Suchasmodifythestructureoftheoriginaldatatable,adirectresultofrunninglanesandmanagementsoftwarethatdoesn"twork.DuetotheabovetestresultstoprovethatthisscenarioisnotsuitableasabackupmethodfornetworkingtollsysteminShaanxiProvince.5.2usingspeciallydevelopedbackupsoftwareaftertheabovetests,throughthesystem"ssubscriptions,publishmethodinShanxiprovinceunderthenetworkingsoftwaresyncbackup,demandcannotbemet,backupsoftwaresoIdecidedtouseforthedevelopmentofsynchronization,synchronizebackups.Asaresultofindependentdevelopment,ithasahighdegreeofflexibilityinbackup.Easierforseamlessintegrationwithexistingsystems.Backupsoftwaredevelopedforthesynchronization,youmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:inordertoensuresynchronousbackupsoftwarecanstartonWindowsstartup,andarenoteasilyshutdownbytheoperation,itshouldbedevelopedusingaWindowsservice.Synchronizebackupsoftwareisthesoftwarethatruns24hours,mustbeabletosteadyoperation.Inordertoreducenetworkbandwidthtothegreatestdegreeinthebackup,andonlyneedtobackupthetollingsystemgeneratesthenewdatatable.Thebackupsoftwareshouldbeabletoautomaticallyfiltertheaddnewdatainadatabasetable,andsynchronizedbackupsofdatathatmeetstheconditionsofform.FlagsfieldofthecurrentchargingsystemusingadedicatedTransferMark,anykindoftollsystemsoftwareafterchangingtherecord,bothonthefieldiszero,thisrecordhasbeenchangedtonotifyothersoftware.Usethisfieldasaflagtoidentifywhetherdatahaschanged.Inadditiontothisfield,-19- WiththeShaanxiExpresswaynetworkingtoll,tollextensionbusinessisnowweighingchargesforstoragechargesdatabasesecurityandbackupofbusinessdatahasbecomemoreprominent.Aftertwoyearsofoperation,moreandmoreawarenessoftheoperatingunitstodatabasestabilityissuesisaproblemnottobeignored.Simpleexamplessuchas:failureoftheserversanddatabases,generalmaintenanceandmanagementstaff,inmanycases,cannotbeindependentandquickrecovery,hadanimpactonproduction.Soweneedaproperdatabackupsolutions.Databaseisthecoreofthewholesystem,databasesecurityshouldpaymoreattention.Therefore,theformulationofappropriatedatabasebackupstrategy,istomaintaindatabasesecuritynormsaswellastheguidelines,tobackupthedataitneedsfromthetechnical,aswellasadministrativelyregulated.Indatasecurity,datasecuritystrategyistomaintaintheintegrity,confidentialityandavailabilityofinformation.Therefore,databasesecuritypolicywillfocusonthesethreepoints,includingphysicalsecurity,accesscontrol,databackupandemergencyresponse.Here,inthetollcollectionsystemintheprovinceusestheSQLServerdatabaseasanexampletoillustratetheideaofdevelopingitssecuritypolicy.1researchbackgroundofconstructionofnetworkedExpresswaytollcollectionsystemreducedthenumberofdriversvehiclesintheroadnetworkandimproveroadcapacity,reducingenvironmentalpollutionduetoparking,enhancetheeconomicbenefitsofHighwayandsocialimage.ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollbeganinMay2004,asofnowtherearemorethan200dataserver,asmoresectionsofgrid-connectedcharges,chargesdataasthecoreofthewholesystem,itisnecessarytoestablishasetofdatasecurityandreliablesolution.2purposethistimethroughtheanalysisofnetworkdatainserverhealth,ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystembasedondata,statisticalmethodsofdatastorage,dataresearch,originalchargeaspossiblesecurity,integrityandprivacyofdata.Fortheopeningsectionafterincorporationfeesprovideareliablesetofdatasecuritypolicies.3databasesecuritysituationintheprovinceShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystemoverview3.1database-tiersystems,managementsystems,branch-levelmanagementsystem,theprovincialnetworkcentresplitandtransfersystem,four-levelsystem.Eachsystemhasitsownseparatedataserverisusedtostoretheircollectionofpremiumbusinessdata,providethebasisforstatisticalanalysis.1,stand-levelserverstoragefeescollectedfromtolllanesflowingdataandpassonthissiteblessingKaku,cartridgeinformationwithinthissite,cardboxallocation,cartridgecombinationofinformationandfrequencyinformation.2,themainstorageserverserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataandthepassofblessingKaku,theinternalcartridgeinformation,reallocationofthecartridgeandcartridgecombination,personnelinformation,flightinformation,chargestheactualpaymentdataentrywork.3,Center-classserverstorageserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataWaterdataintegritycanbeupandrunning.Sowhenadatabaseserverfails,youdonotneedtopassdatatorecover,simplythroughthecollectionprocedureforchargingwaterdatacollectiontocompletethefastrecoveryofserverfailures.4.4analysissummarysummaryanalysis,lanebecauseitisnotacompletestationleveldata,sothereisnoneedfordedicatedbackup.Stand-levelserverdatabecauseitisatthefrontofthechargeasawhole,itsfaultdirectlyaffectstheexercisenormally,youneedacompleteoffsitebackupsolution.Management,anddatacenterserver,duetoitsoperationswithoutmanualdataentry,sojustusecommonartificialscheduledbackupscanbe.5solutionsinordertoensurethatwhentheserverafterahardwarefailover,backupdatawithoutchangesoronlyminorchangescanbequickandeasytroubleshootingofserverdatarecovery,you中铁电化局集团有限公司京石客专站房工程项目经理部第二章工程概况第一节工程简况京石客专保定东站位于保定市东郊，站房中心里程DK142+950。第二节设计概况地基基础设计等级为甲级，建筑桩基设计等级为甲级。桩基采用钻孔灌注桩，混凝土强度为C35。工程桩共计205根，试桩为3根。直径均为800mm。第三节场地工程地质及水文地质情况根据工程岩土工程勘察报告，基础形式为桩基，持力层为3-3层粉质黏土，勘察期间地下水位埋深为15.20米~17.30米，抗浮设计水位标高为室外地面以下0.5米，地下水对砼微腐蚀性，地下水对钢筋微腐蚀性，基础以下无液化土层。场地标准冻深小于0.5米。第四节主要工程内容及数量本工程工程桩基数量205根，桩长38+2米，共计8200延米，桩基混凝土4120方。试桩3根，桩长≧40.5米，共计121.5延米，桩基混凝土61方。桩顶标高分别为-8.75m，-8.00m，-3.00m.，-2.9m，-2.4m。needtoselectthereal-timesynchronizationmethodoftheprogramme.Typicallybackupsystemcomeswithbackupsolutionsshouldbepreferred.Ifthesystemcomeswithabackupplanifitcannotmeettherequirements,softwaredevelopmentmethodsisneeded.Orthird-partysoftwaresystemsareselectedforbackup.Becausethird-partybackupsoftwareisusuallypricedveryhigh,chargingunitsrequirehighprice,soforonlythefirsttwomethodsarestudiedbelow.5.1useMSSQL2000synchronizedbackupsofSQL2000databaseinthreeways,namelysnapshotreplication,transactionalreplicationandmergereplication.Bycomparison,excludingthefirsttwoprogrammes,selectsynchronizationtransactionalreplicationanddatabaseNothwinddatabase,forexample,fortesting.Thethreepartsofthemainconsiderationsinthesynchronizationofthedata,canbethoughtofasthreehosts.ThePublisher,Distributor,andSubscriber;canbeunderstoodfromtheliteralmeaning,functionisactuallyimplementedtokeepsubscribersthroughtheDistributordatatimelyandconsistentdataatthePublisher.1,aboutsnapshotreplicationtocopydatachangesinfrequently,orarenotrequiredtokeepthedatacurrentvalues(lowlatency),snapshotdataisoneofthebestmethodsofdatareplication.Whensynchronizationoccurs,completesnapshotisgeneratedandsenttotheSubscriber.Becausesnapshotreplicationbulkcopiesreleased(itemscollection)acompletecopy,itwillpublishallwritesmadetothesnapshotfolder.Projectistospecifythatyouwanttocopytables,datapartitioning,ordatabaseobjects.Projectscanbeafulltableandcertaincolumns(usingaverticalfilter),certainrows(usingahorizontalfilter),astoredprocedureorviewdefinition,thestoredprocedureexecution,view,indexed,view,oruser-definedfunction.Snapshotreplicationdoesnotmaintaindatathefastestreal-timeupdates,andthebulkcopyreleased(itemscollection)afullcopyofthemechanismwillgeneratealotofnetworktraffic.Onlysmallvolumesofreplicationused,dataisstaticanddoesnotneedtobeupdatedinrealtimedatabase.SodonotusesnapshotreplicationthesynchronizationmodeDatatable,addanewdatafieldMSrepl_tran_version,publishingsoftwaredependingonwhetherthecontentsofthisfieldchangestodeterminewhetheryouneedtopublishthedata.AndSQL2000dataismodifiedjudgingismanagedbythekernel,notforexternalprogramming.Suchasmodifythestructureoftheoriginaldatatable,adirectresultofrunninglanesandmanagementsoftwarethatdoesn"twork.DuetotheabovetestresultstoprovethatthisscenarioisnotsuitableasabackupmethodfornetworkingtollsysteminShaanxiProvince.5.2usingspeciallydevelopedbackupsoftwareaftertheabovetests,throughthesystem"ssubscriptions,publishmethodinShanxiprovinceunderthenetworkingsoftwaresyncbackup,demandcannotbemet,backupsoftwaresoIdecidedtouseforthedevelopmentofsynchronization,synchronizebackups.Asaresultofindependentdevelopment,ithasahighdegreeofflexibilityinbackup.Easierforseamlessintegrationwithexistingsystems.Backupsoftwaredevelopedforthesynchronization,youmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:inordertoensuresynchronousbackupsoftwarecanstartonWindowsstartup,andarenoteasilyshutdownbytheoperation,itshouldbedevelopedusingaWindowsservice.Synchronizebackupsoftwareisthesoftwarethatruns24hours,mustbeabletosteadyoperation.Inordertoreducenetworkbandwidthtothegreatestdegreeinthebackup,andonlyneedtobackupthetollingsystemgeneratesthenewdatatable.Thebackupsoftwareshouldbeabletoautomaticallyfiltertheaddnewdatainadatabasetable,andsynchronizedbackupsofdatathatmeetstheconditionsofform.FlagsfieldofthecurrentchargingsystemusingadedicatedTransferMark,anykindoftollsystemsoftwareafterchangingtherecord,bothonthefieldiszero,thisrecordhasbeenchangedtonotifyothersoftware.Usethisfieldasaflagtoidentifywhetherdatahaschanged.Inadditiontothisfield,-19- WiththeShaanxiExpresswaynetworkingtoll,tollextensionbusinessisnowweighingchargesforstoragechargesdatabasesecurityandbackupofbusinessdatahasbecomemoreprominent.Aftertwoyearsofoperation,moreandmoreawarenessoftheoperatingunitstodatabasestabilityissuesisaproblemnottobeignored.Simpleexamplessuchas:failureoftheserversanddatabases,generalmaintenanceandmanagementstaff,inmanycases,cannotbeindependentandquickrecovery,hadanimpactonproduction.Soweneedaproperdatabackupsolutions.Databaseisthecoreofthewholesystem,databasesecurityshouldpaymoreattention.Therefore,theformulationofappropriatedatabasebackupstrategy,istomaintaindatabasesecuritynormsaswellastheguidelines,tobackupthedataitneedsfromthetechnical,aswellasadministrativelyregulated.Indatasecurity,datasecuritystrategyistomaintaintheintegrity,confidentialityandavailabilityofinformation.Therefore,databasesecuritypolicywillfocusonthesethreepoints,includingphysicalsecurity,accesscontrol,databackupandemergencyresponse.Here,inthetollcollectionsystemintheprovinceusestheSQLServerdatabaseasanexampletoillustratetheideaofdevelopingitssecuritypolicy.1researchbackgroundofconstructionofnetworkedExpresswaytollcollectionsystemreducedthenumberofdriversvehiclesintheroadnetworkandimproveroadcapacity,reducingenvironmentalpollutionduetoparking,enhancetheeconomicbenefitsofHighwayandsocialimage.ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollbeganinMay2004,asofnowtherearemorethan200dataserver,asmoresectionsofgrid-connectedcharges,chargesdataasthecoreofthewholesystem,itisnecessarytoestablishasetofdatasecurityandreliablesolution.2purposethistimethroughtheanalysisofnetworkdatainserverhealth,ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystembasedondata,statisticalmethodsofdatastorage,dataresearch,originalchargeaspossiblesecurity,integrityandprivacyofdata.Fortheopeningsectionafterincorporationfeesprovideareliablesetofdatasecuritypolicies.3databasesecuritysituationintheprovinceShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystemoverview3.1database-tiersystems,managementsystems,branch-levelmanagementsystem,theprovincialnetworkcentresplitandtransfersystem,four-levelsystem.Eachsystemhasitsownseparatedataserverisusedtostoretheircollectionofpremiumbusinessdata,providethebasisforstatisticalanalysis.1,stand-levelserverstoragefeescollectedfromtolllanesflowingdataandpassonthissiteblessingKaku,cartridgeinformationwithinthissite,cardboxallocation,cartridgecombinationofinformationandfrequencyinformation.2,themainstorageserverserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataandthepassofblessingKaku,theinternalcartridgeinformation,reallocationofthecartridgeandcartridgecombination,personnelinformation,flightinformation,chargestheactualpaymentdataentrywork.3,Center-classserverstorageserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataWaterdataintegritycanbeupandrunning.Sowhenadatabaseserverfails,youdonotneedtopassdatatorecover,simplythroughthecollectionprocedureforchargingwaterdatacollectiontocompletethefastrecoveryofserverfailures.4.4analysissummarysummaryanalysis,lanebecauseitisnotacompletestationleveldata,sothereisnoneedfordedicatedbackup.Stand-levelserverdatabecauseitisatthefrontofthechargeasawhole,itsfaultdirectlyaffectstheexercisenormally,youneedacompleteoffsitebackupsolution.Management,anddatacenterserver,duetoitsoperationswithoutmanualdataentry,sojustusecommonartificialscheduledbackupscanbe.5solutionsinordertoensurethatwhentheserverafterahardwarefailover,backupdatawithoutchangesoronlyminorchangescanbequickandeasytroubleshootingofserverdatarecovery,you中铁电化局集团有限公司京石客专站房工程项目经理部第三章施工部署第一节施工组织管理机构图京石客专保定东站施工由中铁电气化局集团有限公司京石客专站房项目经理部负责具体组织，现场施工技术组织管理见下图序号职位或工种姓名1现场经理刘宝全2施工技术负责人蔡龙3技术员张鹏4质检员娄肖5测量员苗旺6试验员苏洋7安全员王连生8物资管理员李景军第二节劳动力安排本段主要配备以下各工种：机械司机、钢筋工、电焊工、模板工、架子工、混凝土工、修理工、电工、吊装工、试验工、测工等。各工种需要人数根据工程进度进行增加或减少，保证满足现场施工要求，按计划提前进场。序号工种人数序号工种人数1现场负责26测工22机械司机87起重工63钢筋工128混凝土工154电焊工69修理工45电工210试验工2第三节主要施工机械设备配备needtoselectthereal-timesynchronizationmethodoftheprogramme.Typicallybackupsystemcomeswithbackupsolutionsshouldbepreferred.Ifthesystemcomeswithabackupplanifitcannotmeettherequirements,softwaredevelopmentmethodsisneeded.Orthird-partysoftwaresystemsareselectedforbackup.Becausethird-partybackupsoftwareisusuallypricedveryhigh,chargingunitsrequirehighprice,soforonlythefirsttwomethodsarestudiedbelow.5.1useMSSQL2000synchronizedbackupsofSQL2000databaseinthreeways,namelysnapshotreplication,transactionalreplicationandmergereplication.Bycomparison,excludingthefirsttwoprogrammes,selectsynchronizationtransactionalreplicationanddatabaseNothwinddatabase,forexample,fortesting.Thethreepartsofthemainconsiderationsinthesynchronizationofthedata,canbethoughtofasthreehosts.ThePublisher,Distributor,andSubscriber;canbeunderstoodfromtheliteralmeaning,functionisactuallyimplementedtokeepsubscribersthroughtheDistributordatatimelyandconsistentdataatthePublisher.1,aboutsnapshotreplicationtocopydatachangesinfrequently,orarenotrequiredtokeepthedatacurrentvalues(lowlatency),snapshotdataisoneofthebestmethodsofdatareplication.Whensynchronizationoccurs,completesnapshotisgeneratedandsenttotheSubscriber.Becausesnapshotreplicationbulkcopiesreleased(itemscollection)acompletecopy,itwillpublishallwritesmadetothesnapshotfolder.Projectistospecifythatyouwanttocopytables,datapartitioning,ordatabaseobjects.Projectscanbeafulltableandcertaincolumns(usingaverticalfilter),certainrows(usingahorizontalfilter),astoredprocedureorviewdefinition,thestoredprocedureexecution,view,indexed,view,oruser-definedfunction.Snapshotreplicationdoesnotmaintaindatathefastestreal-timeupdates,andthebulkcopyreleased(itemscollection)afullcopyofthemechanismwillgeneratealotofnetworktraffic.Onlysmallvolumesofreplicationused,dataisstaticanddoesnotneedtobeupdatedinrealtimedatabase.SodonotusesnapshotreplicationthesynchronizationmodeDatatable,addanewdatafieldMSrepl_tran_version,publishingsoftwaredependingonwhetherthecontentsofthisfieldchangestodeterminewhetheryouneedtopublishthedata.AndSQL2000dataismodifiedjudgingismanagedbythekernel,notforexternalprogramming.Suchasmodifythestructureoftheoriginaldatatable,adirectresultofrunninglanesandmanagementsoftwarethatdoesn"twork.DuetotheabovetestresultstoprovethatthisscenarioisnotsuitableasabackupmethodfornetworkingtollsysteminShaanxiProvince.5.2usingspeciallydevelopedbackupsoftwareaftertheabovetests,throughthesystem"ssubscriptions,publishmethodinShanxiprovinceunderthenetworkingsoftwaresyncbackup,demandcannotbemet,backupsoftwaresoIdecidedtouseforthedevelopmentofsynchronization,synchronizebackups.Asaresultofindependentdevelopment,ithasahighdegreeofflexibilityinbackup.Easierforseamlessintegrationwithexistingsystems.Backupsoftwaredevelopedforthesynchronization,youmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:inordertoensuresynchronousbackupsoftwarecanstartonWindowsstartup,andarenoteasilyshutdownbytheoperation,itshouldbedevelopedusingaWindowsservice.Synchronizebackupsoftwareisthesoftwarethatruns24hours,mustbeabletosteadyoperation.Inordertoreducenetworkbandwidthtothegreatestdegreeinthebackup,andonlyneedtobackupthetollingsystemgeneratesthenewdatatable.Thebackupsoftwareshouldbeabletoautomaticallyfiltertheaddnewdatainadatabasetable,andsynchronizedbackupsofdatathatmeetstheconditionsofform.FlagsfieldofthecurrentchargingsystemusingadedicatedTransferMark,anykindoftollsystemsoftwareafterchangingtherecord,bothonthefieldiszero,thisrecordhasbeenchangedtonotifyothersoftware.Usethisfieldasaflagtoidentifywhetherdatahaschanged.Inadditiontothisfield,-19- WiththeShaanxiExpresswaynetworkingtoll,tollextensionbusinessisnowweighingchargesforstoragechargesdatabasesecurityandbackupofbusinessdatahasbecomemoreprominent.Aftertwoyearsofoperation,moreandmoreawarenessoftheoperatingunitstodatabasestabilityissuesisaproblemnottobeignored.Simpleexamplessuchas:failureoftheserversanddatabases,generalmaintenanceandmanagementstaff,inmanycases,cannotbeindependentandquickrecovery,hadanimpactonproduction.Soweneedaproperdatabackupsolutions.Databaseisthecoreofthewholesystem,databasesecurityshouldpaymoreattention.Therefore,theformulationofappropriatedatabasebackupstrategy,istomaintaindatabasesecuritynormsaswellastheguidelines,tobackupthedataitneedsfromthetechnical,aswellasadministrativelyregulated.Indatasecurity,datasecuritystrategyistomaintaintheintegrity,confidentialityandavailabilityofinformation.Therefore,databasesecuritypolicywillfocusonthesethreepoints,includingphysicalsecurity,accesscontrol,databackupandemergencyresponse.Here,inthetollcollectionsystemintheprovinceusestheSQLServerdatabaseasanexampletoillustratetheideaofdevelopingitssecuritypolicy.1researchbackgroundofconstructionofnetworkedExpresswaytollcollectionsystemreducedthenumberofdriversvehiclesintheroadnetworkandimproveroadcapacity,reducingenvironmentalpollutionduetoparking,enhancetheeconomicbenefitsofHighwayandsocialimage.ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollbeganinMay2004,asofnowtherearemorethan200dataserver,asmoresectionsofgrid-connectedcharges,chargesdataasthecoreofthewholesystem,itisnecessarytoestablishasetofdatasecurityandreliablesolution.2purposethistimethroughtheanalysisofnetworkdatainserverhealth,ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystembasedondata,statisticalmethodsofdatastorage,dataresearch,originalchargeaspossiblesecurity,integrityandprivacyofdata.Fortheopeningsectionafterincorporationfeesprovideareliablesetofdatasecuritypolicies.3databasesecuritysituationintheprovinceShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystemoverview3.1database-tiersystems,managementsystems,branch-levelmanagementsystem,theprovincialnetworkcentresplitandtransfersystem,four-levelsystem.Eachsystemhasitsownseparatedataserverisusedtostoretheircollectionofpremiumbusinessdata,providethebasisforstatisticalanalysis.1,stand-levelserverstoragefeescollectedfromtolllanesflowingdataandpassonthissiteblessingKaku,cartridgeinformationwithinthissite,cardboxallocation,cartridgecombinationofinformationandfrequencyinformation.2,themainstorageserverserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataandthepassofblessingKaku,theinternalcartridgeinformation,reallocationofthecartridgeandcartridgecombination,personnelinformation,flightinformation,chargestheactualpaymentdataentrywork.3,Center-classserverstorageserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataWaterdataintegritycanbeupandrunning.Sowhenadatabaseserverfails,youdonotneedtopassdatatorecover,simplythroughthecollectionprocedureforchargingwaterdatacollectiontocompletethefastrecoveryofserverfailures.4.4analysissummarysummaryanalysis,lanebecauseitisnotacompletestationleveldata,sothereisnoneedfordedicatedbackup.Stand-levelserverdatabecauseitisatthefrontofthechargeasawhole,itsfaultdirectlyaffectstheexercisenormally,youneedacompleteoffsitebackupsolution.Management,anddatacenterserver,duetoitsoperationswithoutmanualdataentry,sojustusecommonartificialscheduledbackupscanbe.5solutionsinordertoensurethatwhentheserverafterahardwarefailover,backupdatawithoutchangesoronlyminorchangescanbequickandeasytroubleshootingofserverdatarecovery,you中铁电化局集团有限公司京石客专站房工程项目经理部主要施工机械设备使用计划及主要机械设备数量型号及进退场时间见下表。施工机械、设备应根据工程进度，以满足工程施工需要，需要增加的要提前计划、进场并报验。主要施工机械设备根据工程进度进行增加或减少，保证满足现场施工要求，按计划提前进场。序号名称规格（型号）单位数量1吊车QY25台22旋挖钻机SR150C台23电焊机X500台64泥浆泵3PNL台85潜水泵3kW台86空压机3m3台37配电箱只68切割机台39导管ф300套310漏斗套811测绳50m根312试块模子100×100×100mm套813坍落度测试筒个214经纬仪套115水准仪套116泥浆比重计套217泥浆粘度测试筒套418钢卷尺50m个2第四节主要测量、试验、检测仪器设备配备序号机械设备名称规格及型号数量（台）进场时间1压力试验机NYL-2000D12010.11.30needtoselectthereal-timesynchronizationmethodoftheprogramme.Typicallybackupsystemcomeswithbackupsolutionsshouldbepreferred.Ifthesystemcomeswithabackupplanifitcannotmeettherequirements,softwaredevelopmentmethodsisneeded.Orthird-partysoftwaresystemsareselectedforbackup.Becausethird-partybackupsoftwareisusuallypricedveryhigh,chargingunitsrequirehighprice,soforonlythefirsttwomethodsarestudiedbelow.5.1useMSSQL2000synchronizedbackupsofSQL2000databaseinthreeways,namelysnapshotreplication,transactionalreplicationandmergereplication.Bycomparison,excludingthefirsttwoprogrammes,selectsynchronizationtransactionalreplicationanddatabaseNothwinddatabase,forexample,fortesting.Thethreepartsofthemainconsiderationsinthesynchronizationofthedata,canbethoughtofasthreehosts.ThePublisher,Distributor,andSubscriber;canbeunderstoodfromtheliteralmeaning,functionisactuallyimplementedtokeepsubscribersthroughtheDistributordatatimelyandconsistentdataatthePublisher.1,aboutsnapshotreplicationtocopydatachangesinfrequently,orarenotrequiredtokeepthedatacurrentvalues(lowlatency),snapshotdataisoneofthebestmethodsofdatareplication.Whensynchronizationoccurs,completesnapshotisgeneratedandsenttotheSubscriber.Becausesnapshotreplicationbulkcopiesreleased(itemscollection)acompletecopy,itwillpublishallwritesmadetothesnapshotfolder.Projectistospecifythatyouwanttocopytables,datapartitioning,ordatabaseobjects.Projectscanbeafulltableandcertaincolumns(usingaverticalfilter),certainrows(usingahorizontalfilter),astoredprocedureorviewdefinition,thestoredprocedureexecution,view,indexed,view,oruser-definedfunction.Snapshotreplicationdoesnotmaintaindatathefastestreal-timeupdates,andthebulkcopyreleased(itemscollection)afullcopyofthemechanismwillgeneratealotofnetworktraffic.Onlysmallvolumesofreplicationused,dataisstaticanddoesnotneedtobeupdatedinrealtimedatabase.SodonotusesnapshotreplicationthesynchronizationmodeDatatable,addanewdatafieldMSrepl_tran_version,publishingsoftwaredependingonwhetherthecontentsofthisfieldchangestodeterminewhetheryouneedtopublishthedata.AndSQL2000dataismodifiedjudgingismanagedbythekernel,notforexternalprogramming.Suchasmodifythestructureoftheoriginaldatatable,adirectresultofrunninglanesandmanagementsoftwarethatdoesn"twork.DuetotheabovetestresultstoprovethatthisscenarioisnotsuitableasabackupmethodfornetworkingtollsysteminShaanxiProvince.5.2usingspeciallydevelopedbackupsoftwareaftertheabovetests,throughthesystem"ssubscriptions,publishmethodinShanxiprovinceunderthenetworkingsoftwaresyncbackup,demandcannotbemet,backupsoftwaresoIdecidedtouseforthedevelopmentofsynchronization,synchronizebackups.Asaresultofindependentdevelopment,ithasahighdegreeofflexibilityinbackup.Easierforseamlessintegrationwithexistingsystems.Backupsoftwaredevelopedforthesynchronization,youmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:inordertoensuresynchronousbackupsoftwarecanstartonWindowsstartup,andarenoteasilyshutdownbytheoperation,itshouldbedevelopedusingaWindowsservice.Synchronizebackupsoftwareisthesoftwarethatruns24hours,mustbeabletosteadyoperation.Inordertoreducenetworkbandwidthtothegreatestdegreeinthebackup,andonlyneedtobackupthetollingsystemgeneratesthenewdatatable.Thebackupsoftwareshouldbeabletoautomaticallyfiltertheaddnewdatainadatabasetable,andsynchronizedbackupsofdatathatmeetstheconditionsofform.FlagsfieldofthecurrentchargingsystemusingadedicatedTransferMark,anykindoftollsystemsoftwareafterchangingtherecord,bothonthefieldiszero,thisrecordhasbeenchangedtonotifyothersoftware.Usethisfieldasaflagtoidentifywhetherdatahaschanged.Inadditiontothisfield,-19- WiththeShaanxiExpresswaynetworkingtoll,tollextensionbusinessisnowweighingchargesforstoragechargesdatabasesecurityandbackupofbusinessdatahasbecomemoreprominent.Aftertwoyearsofoperation,moreandmoreawarenessoftheoperatingunitstodatabasestabilityissuesisaproblemnottobeignored.Simpleexamplessuchas:failureoftheserversanddatabases,generalmaintenanceandmanagementstaff,inmanycases,cannotbeindependentandquickrecovery,hadanimpactonproduction.Soweneedaproperdatabackupsolutions.Databaseisthecoreofthewholesystem,databasesecurityshouldpaymoreattention.Therefore,theformulationofappropriatedatabasebackupstrategy,istomaintaindatabasesecuritynormsaswellastheguidelines,tobackupthedataitneedsfromthetechnical,aswellasadministrativelyregulated.Indatasecurity,datasecuritystrategyistomaintaintheintegrity,confidentialityandavailabilityofinformation.Therefore,databasesecuritypolicywillfocusonthesethreepoints,includingphysicalsecurity,accesscontrol,databackupandemergencyresponse.Here,inthetollcollectionsystemintheprovinceusestheSQLServerdatabaseasanexampletoillustratetheideaofdevelopingitssecuritypolicy.1researchbackgroundofconstructionofnetworkedExpresswaytollcollectionsystemreducedthenumberofdriversvehiclesintheroadnetworkandimproveroadcapacity,reducingenvironmentalpollutionduetoparking,enhancetheeconomicbenefitsofHighwayandsocialimage.ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollbeganinMay2004,asofnowtherearemorethan200dataserver,asmoresectionsofgrid-connectedcharges,chargesdataasthecoreofthewholesystem,itisnecessarytoestablishasetofdatasecurityandreliablesolution.2purposethistimethroughtheanalysisofnetworkdatainserverhealth,ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystembasedondata,statisticalmethodsofdatastorage,dataresearch,originalchargeaspossiblesecurity,integrityandprivacyofdata.Fortheopeningsectionafterincorporationfeesprovideareliablesetofdatasecuritypolicies.3databasesecuritysituationintheprovinceShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystemoverview3.1database-tiersystems,managementsystems,branch-levelmanagementsystem,theprovincialnetworkcentresplitandtransfersystem,four-levelsystem.Eachsystemhasitsownseparatedataserverisusedtostoretheircollectionofpremiumbusinessdata,providethebasisforstatisticalanalysis.1,stand-levelserverstoragefeescollectedfromtolllanesflowingdataandpassonthissiteblessingKaku,cartridgeinformationwithinthissite,cardboxallocation,cartridgecombinationofinformationandfrequencyinformation.2,themainstorageserverserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataandthepassofblessingKaku,theinternalcartridgeinformation,reallocationofthecartridgeandcartridgecombination,personnelinformation,flightinformation,chargestheactualpaymentdataentrywork.3,Center-classserverstorageserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataWaterdataintegritycanbeupandrunning.Sowhenadatabaseserverfails,youdonotneedtopassdatatorecover,simplythroughthecollectionprocedureforchargingwaterdatacollectiontocompletethefastrecoveryofserverfailures.4.4analysissummarysummaryanalysis,lanebecauseitisnotacompletestationleveldata,sothereisnoneedfordedicatedbackup.Stand-levelserverdatabecauseitisatthefrontofthechargeasawhole,itsfaultdirectlyaffectstheexercisenormally,youneedacompleteoffsitebackupsolution.Management,anddatacenterserver,duetoitsoperationswithoutmanualdataentry,sojustusecommonartificialscheduledbackupscanbe.5solutionsinordertoensurethatwhentheserverafterahardwarefailover,backupdatawithoutchangesoronlyminorchangescanbequickandeasytroubleshootingofserverdatarecovery,you中铁电化局集团有限公司京石客专站房工程项目经理部2泥浆测定仪NA-152010.11.303轻型动态弹性模量仪B503-00812010.11.304砂样分析筛0.16-1012010.11.305石子分析筛2.5-10012010.11.306坍落度桶22010.11.307砼含气量测定仪HC-712010.11.308砼水灰比测定仪12010.11.309砼振动台1m212010.11.3010混凝土标准养护箱HB-15型12010.11.3011数显控温仪0～100℃42010.11.3012标准惯入仪62.5kg12010.11.3013泥浆比重计22010.11.30仪器名称数量单位用途备注TOPCON212全站仪1台测设平面控制已检校BDJ2激光电子经纬仪1台轴线投测、复验测量已检校DS3水准仪1台标高传递已检校对讲机4部通讯联络第四章总体施工安排工程进度计划1、进度计划编制原则本分项工程进度计划编制以“尽早开工，保证主体结构工期”为原则。施工将尽早开工，尽早形成大干局面，按每台旋挖机每天3孔桩进度保证柱基施工能在A轴部分与征地界冲突问题解决前30天内完成其余所有桩needtoselectthereal-timesynchronizationmethodoftheprogramme.Typicallybackupsystemcomeswithbackupsolutionsshouldbepreferred.Ifthesystemcomeswithabackupplanifitcannotmeettherequirements,softwaredevelopmentmethodsisneeded.Orthird-partysoftwaresystemsareselectedforbackup.Becausethird-partybackupsoftwareisusuallypricedveryhigh,chargingunitsrequirehighprice,soforonlythefirsttwomethodsarestudiedbelow.5.1useMSSQL2000synchronizedbackupsofSQL2000databaseinthreeways,namelysnapshotreplication,transactionalreplicationandmergereplication.Bycomparison,excludingthefirsttwoprogrammes,selectsynchronizationtransactionalreplicationanddatabaseNothwinddatabase,forexample,fortesting.Thethreepartsofthemainconsiderationsinthesynchronizationofthedata,canbethoughtofasthreehosts.ThePublisher,Distributor,andSubscriber;canbeunderstoodfromtheliteralmeaning,functionisactuallyimplementedtokeepsubscribersthroughtheDistributordatatimelyandconsistentdataatthePublisher.1,aboutsnapshotreplicationtocopydatachangesinfrequently,orarenotrequiredtokeepthedatacurrentvalues(lowlatency),snapshotdataisoneofthebestmethodsofdatareplication.Whensynchronizationoccurs,completesnapshotisgeneratedandsenttotheSubscriber.Becausesnapshotreplicationbulkcopiesreleased(itemscollection)acompletecopy,itwillpublishallwritesmadetothesnapshotfolder.Projectistospecifythatyouwanttocopytables,datapartitioning,ordatabaseobjects.Projectscanbeafulltableandcertaincolumns(usingaverticalfilter),certainrows(usingahorizontalfilter),astoredprocedureorviewdefinition,thestoredprocedureexecution,view,indexed,view,oruser-definedfunction.Snapshotreplicationdoesnotmaintaindatathefastestreal-timeupdates,andthebulkcopyreleased(itemscollection)afullcopyofthemechanismwillgeneratealotofnetworktraffic.Onlysmallvolumesofreplicationused,dataisstaticanddoesnotneedtobeupdatedinrealtimedatabase.SodonotusesnapshotreplicationthesynchronizationmodeDatatable,addanewdatafieldMSrepl_tran_version,publishingsoftwaredependingonwhetherthecontentsofthisfieldchangestodeterminewhetheryouneedtopublishthedata.AndSQL2000dataismodifiedjudgingismanagedbythekernel,notforexternalprogramming.Suchasmodifythestructureoftheoriginaldatatable,adirectresultofrunninglanesandmanagementsoftwarethatdoesn"twork.DuetotheabovetestresultstoprovethatthisscenarioisnotsuitableasabackupmethodfornetworkingtollsysteminShaanxiProvince.5.2usingspeciallydevelopedbackupsoftwareaftertheabovetests,throughthesystem"ssubscriptions,publishmethodinShanxiprovinceunderthenetworkingsoftwaresyncbackup,demandcannotbemet,backupsoftwaresoIdecidedtouseforthedevelopmentofsynchronization,synchronizebackups.Asaresultofindependentdevelopment,ithasahighdegreeofflexibilityinbackup.Easierforseamlessintegrationwithexistingsystems.Backupsoftwaredevelopedforthesynchronization,youmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:inordertoensuresynchronousbackupsoftwarecanstartonWindowsstartup,andarenoteasilyshutdownbytheoperation,itshouldbedevelopedusingaWindowsservice.Synchronizebackupsoftwareisthesoftwarethatruns24hours,mustbeabletosteadyoperation.Inordertoreducenetworkbandwidthtothegreatestdegreeinthebackup,andonlyneedtobackupthetollingsystemgeneratesthenewdatatable.Thebackupsoftwareshouldbeabletoautomaticallyfiltertheaddnewdatainadatabasetable,andsynchronizedbackupsofdatathatmeetstheconditionsofform.FlagsfieldofthecurrentchargingsystemusingadedicatedTransferMark,anykindoftollsystemsoftwareafterchangingtherecord,bothonthefieldiszero,thisrecordhasbeenchangedtonotifyothersoftware.Usethisfieldasaflagtoidentifywhetherdatahaschanged.Inadditiontothisfield,-19- WiththeShaanxiExpresswaynetworkingtoll,tollextensionbusinessisnowweighingchargesforstoragechargesdatabasesecurityandbackupofbusinessdatahasbecomemoreprominent.Aftertwoyearsofoperation,moreandmoreawarenessoftheoperatingunitstodatabasestabilityissuesisaproblemnottobeignored.Simpleexamplessuchas:failureoftheserversanddatabases,generalmaintenanceandmanagementstaff,inmanycases,cannotbeindependentandquickrecovery,hadanimpactonproduction.Soweneedaproperdatabackupsolutions.Databaseisthecoreofthewholesystem,databasesecurityshouldpaymoreattention.Therefore,theformulationofappropriatedatabasebackupstrategy,istomaintaindatabasesecuritynormsaswellastheguidelines,tobackupthedataitneedsfromthetechnical,aswellasadministrativelyregulated.Indatasecurity,datasecuritystrategyistomaintaintheintegrity,confidentialityandavailabilityofinformation.Therefore,databasesecuritypolicywillfocusonthesethreepoints,includingphysicalsecurity,accesscontrol,databackupandemergencyresponse.Here,inthetollcollectionsystemintheprovinceusestheSQLServerdatabaseasanexampletoillustratetheideaofdevelopingitssecuritypolicy.1researchbackgroundofconstructionofnetworkedExpresswaytollcollectionsystemreducedthenumberofdriversvehiclesintheroadnetworkandimproveroadcapacity,reducingenvironmentalpollutionduetoparking,enhancetheeconomicbenefitsofHighwayandsocialimage.ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollbeganinMay2004,asofnowtherearemorethan200dataserver,asmoresectionsofgrid-connectedcharges,chargesdataasthecoreofthewholesystem,itisnecessarytoestablishasetofdatasecurityandreliablesolution.2purposethistimethroughtheanalysisofnetworkdatainserverhealth,ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystembasedondata,statisticalmethodsofdatastorage,dataresearch,originalchargeaspossiblesecurity,integrityandprivacyofdata.Fortheopeningsectionafterincorporationfeesprovideareliablesetofdatasecuritypolicies.3databasesecuritysituationintheprovinceShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystemoverview3.1database-tiersystems,managementsystems,branch-levelmanagementsystem,theprovincialnetworkcentresplitandtransfersystem,four-levelsystem.Eachsystemhasitsownseparatedataserverisusedtostoretheircollectionofpremiumbusinessdata,providethebasisforstatisticalanalysis.1,stand-levelserverstoragefeescollectedfromtolllanesflowingdataandpassonthissiteblessingKaku,cartridgeinformationwithinthissite,cardboxallocation,cartridgecombinationofinformationandfrequencyinformation.2,themainstorageserverserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataandthepassofblessingKaku,theinternalcartridgeinformation,reallocationofthecartridgeandcartridgecombination,personnelinformation,flightinformation,chargestheactualpaymentdataentrywork.3,Center-classserverstorageserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataWaterdataintegritycanbeupandrunning.Sowhenadatabaseserverfails,youdonotneedtopassdatatorecover,simplythroughthecollectionprocedureforchargingwaterdatacollectiontocompletethefastrecoveryofserverfailures.4.4analysissummarysummaryanalysis,lanebecauseitisnotacompletestationleveldata,sothereisnoneedfordedicatedbackup.Stand-levelserverdatabecauseitisatthefrontofthechargeasawhole,itsfaultdirectlyaffectstheexercisenormally,youneedacompleteoffsitebackupsolution.Management,anddatacenterserver,duetoitsoperationswithoutmanualdataentry,sojustusecommonartificialscheduledbackupscanbe.5solutionsinordertoensurethatwhentheserverafterahardwarefailover,backupdatawithoutchangesoronlyminorchangescanbequickandeasytroubleshootingofserverdatarecovery,you中铁电化局集团有限公司京石客专站房工程项目经理部，如征地界问题能得到及时解决，现场再根据实际情况增加机械设备及人员。2、进度计划桩基施工计划开工日期为2010年12月4日，完成时间：2010年1月4日。第五章主要工程项目的施工方案、施工方法第一节施工测量一、施工测量方案在交接桩完成后，根据CPII2003及CPII2004点坐标及高程用全站仪在站台挡土墙顶重新制定两点作为站房桩基础及轴线后方交汇点。并将高程引入站台挡土墙侧面。桩基测量时，采用全站仪极坐标法进行施工放样出桩中心点，然后钉设十字护桩，并用重复测量或闭合测量的方法进行，桩机就位后，测量人员再校核钻杆的中心位置。桥梁桩位放样后可采用置镜不同的控制点放样同一个桩位做检查。用水准仪测设护筒标高。测量工作结束且数据合格后，应当出具正式的书面测量报告报请监理单位批复并报送建设单位存档。第二节桩基工程施工一、施工工艺选择根据现场地质情况，钻孔施工采取旋挖机钻孔施工工艺。needtoselectthereal-timesynchronizationmethodoftheprogramme.Typicallybackupsystemcomeswithbackupsolutionsshouldbepreferred.Ifthesystemcomeswithabackupplanifitcannotmeettherequirements,softwaredevelopmentmethodsisneeded.Orthird-partysoftwaresystemsareselectedforbackup.Becausethird-partybackupsoftwareisusuallypricedveryhigh,chargingunitsrequirehighprice,soforonlythefirsttwomethodsarestudiedbelow.5.1useMSSQL2000synchronizedbackupsofSQL2000databaseinthreeways,namelysnapshotreplication,transactionalreplicationandmergereplication.Bycomparison,excludingthefirsttwoprogrammes,selectsynchronizationtransactionalreplicationanddatabaseNothwinddatabase,forexample,fortesting.Thethreepartsofthemainconsiderationsinthesynchronizationofthedata,canbethoughtofasthreehosts.ThePublisher,Distributor,andSubscriber;canbeunderstoodfromtheliteralmeaning,functionisactuallyimplementedtokeepsubscribersthroughtheDistributordatatimelyandconsistentdataatthePublisher.1,aboutsnapshotreplicationtocopydatachangesinfrequently,orarenotrequiredtokeepthedatacurrentvalues(lowlatency),snapshotdataisoneofthebestmethodsofdatareplication.Whensynchronizationoccurs,completesnapshotisgeneratedandsenttotheSubscriber.Becausesnapshotreplicationbulkcopiesreleased(itemscollection)acompletecopy,itwillpublishallwritesmadetothesnapshotfolder.Projectistospecifythatyouwanttocopytables,datapartitioning,ordatabaseobjects.Projectscanbeafulltableandcertaincolumns(usingaverticalfilter),certainrows(usingahorizontalfilter),astoredprocedureorviewdefinition,thestoredprocedureexecution,view,indexed,view,oruser-definedfunction.Snapshotreplicationdoesnotmaintaindatathefastestreal-timeupdates,andthebulkcopyreleased(itemscollection)afullcopyofthemechanismwillgeneratealotofnetworktraffic.Onlysmallvolumesofreplicationused,dataisstaticanddoesnotneedtobeupdatedinrealtimedatabase.SodonotusesnapshotreplicationthesynchronizationmodeDatatable,addanewdatafieldMSrepl_tran_version,publishingsoftwaredependingonwhetherthecontentsofthisfieldchangestodeterminewhetheryouneedtopublishthedata.AndSQL2000dataismodifiedjudgingismanagedbythekernel,notforexternalprogramming.Suchasmodifythestructureoftheoriginaldatatable,adirectresultofrunninglanesandmanagementsoftwarethatdoesn"twork.DuetotheabovetestresultstoprovethatthisscenarioisnotsuitableasabackupmethodfornetworkingtollsysteminShaanxiProvince.5.2usingspeciallydevelopedbackupsoftwareaftertheabovetests,throughthesystem"ssubscriptions,publishmethodinShanxiprovinceunderthenetworkingsoftwaresyncbackup,demandcannotbemet,backupsoftwaresoIdecidedtouseforthedevelopmentofsynchronization,synchronizebackups.Asaresultofindependentdevelopment,ithasahighdegreeofflexibilityinbackup.Easierforseamlessintegrationwithexistingsystems.Backupsoftwaredevelopedforthesynchronization,youmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:inordertoensuresynchronousbackupsoftwarecanstartonWindowsstartup,andarenoteasilyshutdownbytheoperation,itshouldbedevelopedusingaWindowsservice.Synchronizebackupsoftwareisthesoftwarethatruns24hours,mustbeabletosteadyoperation.Inordertoreducenetworkbandwidthtothegreatestdegreeinthebackup,andonlyneedtobackupthetollingsystemgeneratesthenewdatatable.Thebackupsoftwareshouldbeabletoautomaticallyfiltertheaddnewdatainadatabasetable,andsynchronizedbackupsofdatathatmeetstheconditionsofform.FlagsfieldofthecurrentchargingsystemusingadedicatedTransferMark,anykindoftollsystemsoftwareafterchangingtherecord,bothonthefieldiszero,thisrecordhasbeenchangedtonotifyothersoftware.Usethisfieldasaflagtoidentifywhetherdatahaschanged.Inadditiontothisfield,-19- WiththeShaanxiExpresswaynetworkingtoll,tollextensionbusinessisnowweighingchargesforstoragechargesdatabasesecurityandbackupofbusinessdatahasbecomemoreprominent.Aftertwoyearsofoperation,moreandmoreawarenessoftheoperatingunitstodatabasestabilityissuesisaproblemnottobeignored.Simpleexamplessuchas:failureoftheserversanddatabases,generalmaintenanceandmanagementstaff,inmanycases,cannotbeindependentandquickrecovery,hadanimpactonproduction.Soweneedaproperdatabackupsolutions.Databaseisthecoreofthewholesystem,databasesecurityshouldpaymoreattention.Therefore,theformulationofappropriatedatabasebackupstrategy,istomaintaindatabasesecuritynormsaswellastheguidelines,tobackupthedataitneedsfromthetechnical,aswellasadministrativelyregulated.Indatasecurity,datasecuritystrategyistomaintaintheintegrity,confidentialityandavailabilityofinformation.Therefore,databasesecuritypolicywillfocusonthesethreepoints,includingphysicalsecurity,accesscontrol,databackupandemergencyresponse.Here,inthetollcollectionsystemintheprovinceusestheSQLServerdatabaseasanexampletoillustratetheideaofdevelopingitssecuritypolicy.1researchbackgroundofconstructionofnetworkedExpresswaytollcollectionsystemreducedthenumberofdriversvehiclesintheroadnetworkandimproveroadcapacity,reducingenvironmentalpollutionduetoparking,enhancetheeconomicbenefitsofHighwayandsocialimage.ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollbeganinMay2004,asofnowtherearemorethan200dataserver,asmoresectionsofgrid-connectedcharges,chargesdataasthecoreofthewholesystem,itisnecessarytoestablishasetofdatasecurityandreliablesolution.2purposethistimethroughtheanalysisofnetworkdatainserverhealth,ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystembasedondata,statisticalmethodsofdatastorage,dataresearch,originalchargeaspossiblesecurity,integrityandprivacyofdata.Fortheopeningsectionafterincorporationfeesprovideareliablesetofdatasecuritypolicies.3databasesecuritysituationintheprovinceShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystemoverview3.1database-tiersystems,managementsystems,branch-levelmanagementsystem,theprovincialnetworkcentresplitandtransfersystem,four-levelsystem.Eachsystemhasitsownseparatedataserverisusedtostoretheircollectionofpremiumbusinessdata,providethebasisforstatisticalanalysis.1,stand-levelserverstoragefeescollectedfromtolllanesflowingdataandpassonthissiteblessingKaku,cartridgeinformationwithinthissite,cardboxallocation,cartridgecombinationofinformationandfrequencyinformation.2,themainstorageserverserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataandthepassofblessingKaku,theinternalcartridgeinformation,reallocationofthecartridgeandcartridgecombination,personnelinformation,flightinformation,chargestheactualpaymentdataentrywork.3,Center-classserverstorageserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataWaterdataintegritycanbeupandrunning.Sowhenadatabaseserverfails,youdonotneedtopassdatatorecover,simplythroughthecollectionprocedureforchargingwaterdatacollectiontocompletethefastrecoveryofserverfailures.4.4analysissummarysummaryanalysis,lanebecauseitisnotacompletestationleveldata,sothereisnoneedfordedicatedbackup.Stand-levelserverdatabecauseitisatthefrontofthechargeasawhole,itsfaultdirectlyaffectstheexercisenormally,youneedacompleteoffsitebackupsolution.Management,anddatacenterserver,duetoitsoperationswithoutmanualdataentry,sojustusecommonartificialscheduledbackupscanbe.5solutionsinordertoensurethatwhentheserverafterahardwarefailover,backupdatawithoutchangesoronlyminorchangescanbequickandeasytroubleshootingofserverdatarecovery,you中铁电化局集团有限公司京石客专站房工程项目经理部二、施工工艺流程钻孔灌注桩施工工艺流程见下图对中校正复核桩位，监理签认测定孔位钢护筒加工平整场地旋挖钻机就位以钻斗自重开钻提钻、埋设孔口护筒下钻斗、旋挖钻进钻至设计标高，就地继续旋转数圈、提钻测量孔深、孔径、倾斜度第一次清孔（正循环）分节下放钢筋笼安放导管第二次清孔、验收混凝土浇注成桩、养护及桩身质量检测泥浆池加工泥浆制备孔内注入泥浆起钻，钻斗卸斗，汽车运土旋挖钻机移位测沉渣厚度导管水密试验钢筋笼进场、检验钢筋骨架分节制作原材料进场检验配合比设计砼搅拌、输送三、施工方法1、平整场地目前现场站前单位已将站房范围内场地已平整并用压路机碾压，符合旋挖机施工场地平整要求。2、测量放样needtoselectthereal-timesynchronizationmethodoftheprogramme.Typicallybackupsystemcomeswithbackupsolutionsshouldbepreferred.Ifthesystemcomeswithabackupplanifitcannotmeettherequirements,softwaredevelopmentmethodsisneeded.Orthird-partysoftwaresystemsareselectedforbackup.Becausethird-partybackupsoftwareisusuallypricedveryhigh,chargingunitsrequirehighprice,soforonlythefirsttwomethodsarestudiedbelow.5.1useMSSQL2000synchronizedbackupsofSQL2000databaseinthreeways,namelysnapshotreplication,transactionalreplicationandmergereplication.Bycomparison,excludingthefirsttwoprogrammes,selectsynchronizationtransactionalreplicationanddatabaseNothwinddatabase,forexample,fortesting.Thethreepartsofthemainconsiderationsinthesynchronizationofthedata,canbethoughtofasthreehosts.ThePublisher,Distributor,andSubscriber;canbeunderstoodfromtheliteralmeaning,functionisactuallyimplementedtokeepsubscribersthroughtheDistributordatatimelyandconsistentdataatthePublisher.1,aboutsnapshotreplicationtocopydatachangesinfrequently,orarenotrequiredtokeepthedatacurrentvalues(lowlatency),snapshotdataisoneofthebestmethodsofdatareplication.Whensynchronizationoccurs,completesnapshotisgeneratedandsenttotheSubscriber.Becausesnapshotreplicationbulkcopiesreleased(itemscollection)acompletecopy,itwillpublishallwritesmadetothesnapshotfolder.Projectistospecifythatyouwanttocopytables,datapartitioning,ordatabaseobjects.Projectscanbeafulltableandcertaincolumns(usingaverticalfilter),certainrows(usingahorizontalfilter),astoredprocedureorviewdefinition,thestoredprocedureexecution,view,indexed,view,oruser-definedfunction.Snapshotreplicationdoesnotmaintaindatathefastestreal-timeupdates,andthebulkcopyreleased(itemscollection)afullcopyofthemechanismwillgeneratealotofnetworktraffic.Onlysmallvolumesofreplicationused,dataisstaticanddoesnotneedtobeupdatedinrealtimedatabase.SodonotusesnapshotreplicationthesynchronizationmodeDatatable,addanewdatafieldMSrepl_tran_version,publishingsoftwaredependingonwhetherthecontentsofthisfieldchangestodeterminewhetheryouneedtopublishthedata.AndSQL2000dataismodifiedjudgingismanagedbythekernel,notforexternalprogramming.Suchasmodifythestructureoftheoriginaldatatable,adirectresultofrunninglanesandmanagementsoftwarethatdoesn"twork.DuetotheabovetestresultstoprovethatthisscenarioisnotsuitableasabackupmethodfornetworkingtollsysteminShaanxiProvince.5.2usingspeciallydevelopedbackupsoftwareaftertheabovetests,throughthesystem"ssubscriptions,publishmethodinShanxiprovinceunderthenetworkingsoftwaresyncbackup,demandcannotbemet,backupsoftwaresoIdecidedtouseforthedevelopmentofsynchronization,synchronizebackups.Asaresultofindependentdevelopment,ithasahighdegreeofflexibilityinbackup.Easierforseamlessintegrationwithexistingsystems.Backupsoftwaredevelopedforthesynchronization,youmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:inordertoensuresynchronousbackupsoftwarecanstartonWindowsstartup,andarenoteasilyshutdownbytheoperation,itshouldbedevelopedusingaWindowsservice.Synchronizebackupsoftwareisthesoftwarethatruns24hours,mustbeabletosteadyoperation.Inordertoreducenetworkbandwidthtothegreatestdegreeinthebackup,andonlyneedtobackupthetollingsystemgeneratesthenewdatatable.Thebackupsoftwareshouldbeabletoautomaticallyfiltertheaddnewdatainadatabasetable,andsynchronizedbackupsofdatathatmeetstheconditionsofform.FlagsfieldofthecurrentchargingsystemusingadedicatedTransferMark,anykindoftollsystemsoftwareafterchangingtherecord,bothonthefieldiszero,thisrecordhasbeenchangedtonotifyothersoftware.Usethisfieldasaflagtoidentifywhetherdatahaschanged.Inadditiontothisfield,-19- WiththeShaanxiExpresswaynetworkingtoll,tollextensionbusinessisnowweighingchargesforstoragechargesdatabasesecurityandbackupofbusinessdatahasbecomemoreprominent.Aftertwoyearsofoperation,moreandmoreawarenessoftheoperatingunitstodatabasestabilityissuesisaproblemnottobeignored.Simpleexamplessuchas:failureoftheserversanddatabases,generalmaintenanceandmanagementstaff,inmanycases,cannotbeindependentandquickrecovery,hadanimpactonproduction.Soweneedaproperdatabackupsolutions.Databaseisthecoreofthewholesystem,databasesecurityshouldpaymoreattention.Therefore,theformulationofappropriatedatabasebackupstrategy,istomaintaindatabasesecuritynormsaswellastheguidelines,tobackupthedataitneedsfromthetechnical,aswellasadministrativelyregulated.Indatasecurity,datasecuritystrategyistomaintaintheintegrity,confidentialityandavailabilityofinformation.Therefore,databasesecuritypolicywillfocusonthesethreepoints,includingphysicalsecurity,accesscontrol,databackupandemergencyresponse.Here,inthetollcollectionsystemintheprovinceusestheSQLServerdatabaseasanexampletoillustratetheideaofdevelopingitssecuritypolicy.1researchbackgroundofconstructionofnetworkedExpresswaytollcollectionsystemreducedthenumberofdriversvehiclesintheroadnetworkandimproveroadcapacity,reducingenvironmentalpollutionduetoparking,enhancetheeconomicbenefitsofHighwayandsocialimage.ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollbeganinMay2004,asofnowtherearemorethan200dataserver,asmoresectionsofgrid-connectedcharges,chargesdataasthecoreofthewholesystem,itisnecessarytoestablishasetofdatasecurityandreliablesolution.2purposethistimethroughtheanalysisofnetworkdatainserverhealth,ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystembasedondata,statisticalmethodsofdatastorage,dataresearch,originalchargeaspossiblesecurity,integrityandprivacyofdata.Fortheopeningsectionafterincorporationfeesprovideareliablesetofdatasecuritypolicies.3databasesecuritysituationintheprovinceShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystemoverview3.1database-tiersystems,managementsystems,branch-levelmanagementsystem,theprovincialnetworkcentresplitandtransfersystem,four-levelsystem.Eachsystemhasitsownseparatedataserverisusedtostoretheircollectionofpremiumbusinessdata,providethebasisforstatisticalanalysis.1,stand-levelserverstoragefeescollectedfromtolllanesflowingdataandpassonthissiteblessingKaku,cartridgeinformationwithinthissite,cardboxallocation,cartridgecombinationofinformationandfrequencyinformation.2,themainstorageserverserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataandthepassofblessingKaku,theinternalcartridgeinformation,reallocationofthecartridgeandcartridgecombination,personnelinformation,flightinformation,chargestheactualpaymentdataentrywork.3,Center-classserverstorageserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataWaterdataintegritycanbeupandrunning.Sowhenadatabaseserverfails,youdonotneedtopassdatatorecover,simplythroughthecollectionprocedureforchargingwaterdatacollectiontocompletethefastrecoveryofserverfailures.4.4analysissummarysummaryanalysis,lanebecauseitisnotacompletestationleveldata,sothereisnoneedfordedicatedbackup.Stand-levelserverdatabecauseitisatthefrontofthechargeasawhole,itsfaultdirectlyaffectstheexercisenormally,youneedacompleteoffsitebackupsolution.Management,anddatacenterserver,duetoitsoperationswithoutmanualdataentry,sojustusecommonartificialscheduledbackupscanbe.5solutionsinordertoensurethatwhentheserverafterahardwarefailover,backupdatawithoutchangesoronlyminorchangescanbequickandeasytroubleshootingofserverdatarecovery,you中铁电化局集团有限公司京石客专站房工程项目经理部首先，对设计院提供的平面与高程控制点进行复核，再根据现场地形及通视条件，建立沿站房轴线方向走向的平面及高程建立测量控制网，同时布设控制点，根据控制点采用全站仪极坐标法进行放样，以每个承台作为单元测放每个桩位中心点，并设置4个护桩。桩位中心点偏差不得大于5cm。施工区域内的高程控制网采用四等水准测量的方法进行引测。3、护筒制作及埋设护筒采用8mm厚Q235a钢板卷制成型，护筒的内径为桩径D+20cm，单根护筒长1.2～1.8m，护筒埋设前根据业主提供的控制点精确测量放出桩位。利用钻机下设护筒,人工配合就位；然后利用钻机钻头重量将护筒压入土中，护筒顶口应高出原地面30cm。钢护筒对称设置四个吊点，吊起后使其自然垂直，利用四个吊点形成的十字线，移动护筒，使护筒中心竖直线应与桩中心线重合，然后用全站仪检查，确保护筒竖直及位置准确，保证误差不得大于5cm，倾斜度偏差＜1%。验收合格后此后即在护筒周围对称、均匀的回填粘土，分层夯实，填筑高度以和原地面或高出地下水位1.5m为准，待灌桩完毕后拔出钢护筒周转使用。4、泥浆制备及循环钻孔桩泥浆采用膨润土拌制，并且针对不同的地质层根据泥浆的性能指标要求进行泥浆配制，造浆配合比见下表。原料名称淡水膨润土CMC纯碱FCIPHP加重剂配合比1008～40.004～0.0080.1～0.40.1～0.30.003试验确定配比中掺加剂的用量，要先进行试配，检验配合液的各项性能指标是否符合表中所列指标要求。各种掺加剂宜先制成小剂量溶剂，按循环周期加入，并经常测定泥浆指标，防止掺加剂过量，搅拌好的新鲜泥浆其性能必须适合于地基条件和施工条件。needtoselectthereal-timesynchronizationmethodoftheprogramme.Typicallybackupsystemcomeswithbackupsolutionsshouldbepreferred.Ifthesystemcomeswithabackupplanifitcannotmeettherequirements,softwaredevelopmentmethodsisneeded.Orthird-partysoftwaresystemsareselectedforbackup.Becausethird-partybackupsoftwareisusuallypricedveryhigh,chargingunitsrequirehighprice,soforonlythefirsttwomethodsarestudiedbelow.5.1useMSSQL2000synchronizedbackupsofSQL2000databaseinthreeways,namelysnapshotreplication,transactionalreplicationandmergereplication.Bycomparison,excludingthefirsttwoprogrammes,selectsynchronizationtransactionalreplicationanddatabaseNothwinddatabase,forexample,fortesting.Thethreepartsofthemainconsiderationsinthesynchronizationofthedata,canbethoughtofasthreehosts.ThePublisher,Distributor,andSubscriber;canbeunderstoodfromtheliteralmeaning,functionisactuallyimplementedtokeepsubscribersthroughtheDistributordatatimelyandconsistentdataatthePublisher.1,aboutsnapshotreplicationtocopydatachangesinfrequently,orarenotrequiredtokeepthedatacurrentvalues(lowlatency),snapshotdataisoneofthebestmethodsofdatareplication.Whensynchronizationoccurs,completesnapshotisgeneratedandsenttotheSubscriber.Becausesnapshotreplicationbulkcopiesreleased(itemscollection)acompletecopy,itwillpublishallwritesmadetothesnapshotfolder.Projectistospecifythatyouwanttocopytables,datapartitioning,ordatabaseobjects.Projectscanbeafulltableandcertaincolumns(usingaverticalfilter),certainrows(usingahorizontalfilter),astoredprocedureorviewdefinition,thestoredprocedureexecution,view,indexed,view,oruser-definedfunction.Snapshotreplicationdoesnotmaintaindatathefastestreal-timeupdates,andthebulkcopyreleased(itemscollection)afullcopyofthemechanismwillgeneratealotofnetworktraffic.Onlysmallvolumesofreplicationused,dataisstaticanddoesnotneedtobeupdatedinrealtimedatabase.SodonotusesnapshotreplicationthesynchronizationmodeDatatable,addanewdatafieldMSrepl_tran_version,publishingsoftwaredependingonwhetherthecontentsofthisfieldchangestodeterminewhetheryouneedtopublishthedata.AndSQL2000dataismodifiedjudgingismanagedbythekernel,notforexternalprogramming.Suchasmodifythestructureoftheoriginaldatatable,adirectresultofrunninglanesandmanagementsoftwarethatdoesn"twork.DuetotheabovetestresultstoprovethatthisscenarioisnotsuitableasabackupmethodfornetworkingtollsysteminShaanxiProvince.5.2usingspeciallydevelopedbackupsoftwareaftertheabovetests,throughthesystem"ssubscriptions,publishmethodinShanxiprovinceunderthenetworkingsoftwaresyncbackup,demandcannotbemet,backupsoftwaresoIdecidedtouseforthedevelopmentofsynchronization,synchronizebackups.Asaresultofindependentdevelopment,ithasahighdegreeofflexibilityinbackup.Easierforseamlessintegrationwithexistingsystems.Backupsoftwaredevelopedforthesynchronization,youmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:inordertoensuresynchronousbackupsoftwarecanstartonWindowsstartup,andarenoteasilyshutdownbytheoperation,itshouldbedevelopedusingaWindowsservice.Synchronizebackupsoftwareisthesoftwarethatruns24hours,mustbeabletosteadyoperation.Inordertoreducenetworkbandwidthtothegreatestdegreeinthebackup,andonlyneedtobackupthetollingsystemgeneratesthenewdatatable.Thebackupsoftwareshouldbeabletoautomaticallyfiltertheaddnewdatainadatabasetable,andsynchronizedbackupsofdatathatmeetstheconditionsofform.FlagsfieldofthecurrentchargingsystemusingadedicatedTransferMark,anykindoftollsystemsoftwareafterchangingtherecord,bothonthefieldiszero,thisrecordhasbeenchangedtonotifyothersoftware.Usethisfieldasaflagtoidentifywhetherdatahaschanged.Inadditiontothisfield,-19- WiththeShaanxiExpresswaynetworkingtoll,tollextensionbusinessisnowweighingchargesforstoragechargesdatabasesecurityandbackupofbusinessdatahasbecomemoreprominent.Aftertwoyearsofoperation,moreandmoreawarenessoftheoperatingunitstodatabasestabilityissuesisaproblemnottobeignored.Simpleexamplessuchas:failureoftheserversanddatabases,generalmaintenanceandmanagementstaff,inmanycases,cannotbeindependentandquickrecovery,hadanimpactonproduction.Soweneedaproperdatabackupsolutions.Databaseisthecoreofthewholesystem,databasesecurityshouldpaymoreattention.Therefore,theformulationofappropriatedatabasebackupstrategy,istomaintaindatabasesecuritynormsaswellastheguidelines,tobackupthedataitneedsfromthetechnical,aswellasadministrativelyregulated.Indatasecurity,datasecuritystrategyistomaintaintheintegrity,confidentialityandavailabilityofinformation.Therefore,databasesecuritypolicywillfocusonthesethreepoints,includingphysicalsecurity,accesscontrol,databackupandemergencyresponse.Here,inthetollcollectionsystemintheprovinceusestheSQLServerdatabaseasanexampletoillustratetheideaofdevelopingitssecuritypolicy.1researchbackgroundofconstructionofnetworkedExpresswaytollcollectionsystemreducedthenumberofdriversvehiclesintheroadnetworkandimproveroadcapacity,reducingenvironmentalpollutionduetoparking,enhancetheeconomicbenefitsofHighwayandsocialimage.ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollbeganinMay2004,asofnowtherearemorethan200dataserver,asmoresectionsofgrid-connectedcharges,chargesdataasthecoreofthewholesystem,itisnecessarytoestablishasetofdatasecurityandreliablesolution.2purposethistimethroughtheanalysisofnetworkdatainserverhealth,ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystembasedondata,statisticalmethodsofdatastorage,dataresearch,originalchargeaspossiblesecurity,integrityandprivacyofdata.Fortheopeningsectionafterincorporationfeesprovideareliablesetofdatasecuritypolicies.3databasesecuritysituationintheprovinceShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystemoverview3.1database-tiersystems,managementsystems,branch-levelmanagementsystem,theprovincialnetworkcentresplitandtransfersystem,four-levelsystem.Eachsystemhasitsownseparatedataserverisusedtostoretheircollectionofpremiumbusinessdata,providethebasisforstatisticalanalysis.1,stand-levelserverstoragefeescollectedfromtolllanesflowingdataandpassonthissiteblessingKaku,cartridgeinformationwithinthissite,cardboxallocation,cartridgecombinationofinformationandfrequencyinformation.2,themainstorageserverserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataandthepassofblessingKaku,theinternalcartridgeinformation,reallocationofthecartridgeandcartridgecombination,personnelinformation,flightinformation,chargestheactualpaymentdataentrywork.3,Center-classserverstorageserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataWaterdataintegritycanbeupandrunning.Sowhenadatabaseserverfails,youdonotneedtopassdatatorecover,simplythroughthecollectionprocedureforchargingwaterdatacollectiontocompletethefastrecoveryofserverfailures.4.4analysissummarysummaryanalysis,lanebecauseitisnotacompletestationleveldata,sothereisnoneedfordedicatedbackup.Stand-levelserverdatabecauseitisatthefrontofthechargeasawhole,itsfaultdirectlyaffectstheexercisenormally,youneedacompleteoffsitebackupsolution.Management,anddatacenterserver,duetoitsoperationswithoutmanualdataentry,sojustusecommonartificialscheduledbackupscanbe.5solutionsinordertoensurethatwhentheserverafterahardwarefailover,backupdatawithoutchangesoronlyminorchangescanbequickandeasytroubleshootingofserverdatarecovery,you中铁电化局集团有限公司京石客专站房工程项目经理部为满足环保要求，泥浆池布置按照每两个墩身设置一个，原则是设于主线前进方向右侧红线范围。采用泥浆分离器分离从桩内循环出来的泥浆，并通过调整膨润土、分散剂的掺量，使循环泥浆能再次利用。在钻孔过程中，对沉淀池中沉渣及浇筑混凝土时溢出的废弃泥浆随时处理，严防泥浆溢流，并用汽车弃运至指定地点倾泄，禁止就地弃渣，污染周围环境。泥浆制备：采用膨润土、纯碱等配置泥浆，在钻进过程中，针对不同的土层对泥浆指标进行调整，具体可参照下表。地层泥浆性能指标密度（g/cm3）粘度（s）含砂率胶体率PH值亚砂土1.2～1.4519～28＜4%≥96%9～11黏土1.06～1.119～28＜4%≥95%9～11亚黏土1.06～1.118～28＜4%≥95%9～11细砂1.2～1.4518～28＜4%≥95%9～11检测方法泥浆相对密度计漏斗黏度计含砂率计量杯法率PH试纸现场每4～6个小时检测一次泥浆指标，主要控制泥浆池回流泥浆指标。现场检测指标：相对比重、粘度、含砂率及PH值、胶体率。5、钻孔选型及就位本标段共有桩基205+3根钻孔灌筑桩，桩径为Φ800mm,结合钻孔深度、孔径、土质条件、进度，采用旋挖钻，钻机型号为SR150C型多功能旋挖钻机，满足桩钻孔需要。钻机移至桩位处，通过操作室内电脑控制系统准确的把钻头对准桩位。调整桅杆角度，操作卷扬机，将钻头中心与钻孔中心对准，并放入孔内，调整钻机垂直度参数，使钻杆垂直，垂直度偏差控制在容许范围之内，钻机安装后的底座和顶端应平稳，为防止钻机钻进时下沉，钻机下面铺垫钢板并定位好钻机。needtoselectthereal-timesynchronizationmethodoftheprogramme.Typicallybackupsystemcomeswithbackupsolutionsshouldbepreferred.Ifthesystemcomeswithabackupplanifitcannotmeettherequirements,softwaredevelopmentmethodsisneeded.Orthird-partysoftwaresystemsareselectedforbackup.Becausethird-partybackupsoftwareisusuallypricedveryhigh,chargingunitsrequirehighprice,soforonlythefirsttwomethodsarestudiedbelow.5.1useMSSQL2000synchronizedbackupsofSQL2000databaseinthreeways,namelysnapshotreplication,transactionalreplicationandmergereplication.Bycomparison,excludingthefirsttwoprogrammes,selectsynchronizationtransactionalreplicationanddatabaseNothwinddatabase,forexample,fortesting.Thethreepartsofthemainconsiderationsinthesynchronizationofthedata,canbethoughtofasthreehosts.ThePublisher,Distributor,andSubscriber;canbeunderstoodfromtheliteralmeaning,functionisactuallyimplementedtokeepsubscribersthroughtheDistributordatatimelyandconsistentdataatthePublisher.1,aboutsnapshotreplicationtocopydatachangesinfrequently,orarenotrequiredtokeepthedatacurrentvalues(lowlatency),snapshotdataisoneofthebestmethodsofdatareplication.Whensynchronizationoccurs,completesnapshotisgeneratedandsenttotheSubscriber.Becausesnapshotreplicationbulkcopiesreleased(itemscollection)acompletecopy,itwillpublishallwritesmadetothesnapshotfolder.Projectistospecifythatyouwanttocopytables,datapartitioning,ordatabaseobjects.Projectscanbeafulltableandcertaincolumns(usingaverticalfilter),certainrows(usingahorizontalfilter),astoredprocedureorviewdefinition,thestoredprocedureexecution,view,indexed,view,oruser-definedfunction.Snapshotreplicationdoesnotmaintaindatathefastestreal-timeupdates,andthebulkcopyreleased(itemscollection)afullcopyofthemechanismwillgeneratealotofnetworktraffic.Onlysmallvolumesofreplicationused,dataisstaticanddoesnotneedtobeupdatedinrealtimedatabase.SodonotusesnapshotreplicationthesynchronizationmodeDatatable,addanewdatafieldMSrepl_tran_version,publishingsoftwaredependingonwhetherthecontentsofthisfieldchangestodeterminewhetheryouneedtopublishthedata.AndSQL2000dataismodifiedjudgingismanagedbythekernel,notforexternalprogramming.Suchasmodifythestructureoftheoriginaldatatable,adirectresultofrunninglanesandmanagementsoftwarethatdoesn"twork.DuetotheabovetestresultstoprovethatthisscenarioisnotsuitableasabackupmethodfornetworkingtollsysteminShaanxiProvince.5.2usingspeciallydevelopedbackupsoftwareaftertheabovetests,throughthesystem"ssubscriptions,publishmethodinShanxiprovinceunderthenetworkingsoftwaresyncbackup,demandcannotbemet,backupsoftwaresoIdecidedtouseforthedevelopmentofsynchronization,synchronizebackups.Asaresultofindependentdevelopment,ithasahighdegreeofflexibilityinbackup.Easierforseamlessintegrationwithexistingsystems.Backupsoftwaredevelopedforthesynchronization,youmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:inordertoensuresynchronousbackupsoftwarecanstartonWindowsstartup,andarenoteasilyshutdownbytheoperation,itshouldbedevelopedusingaWindowsservice.Synchronizebackupsoftwareisthesoftwarethatruns24hours,mustbeabletosteadyoperation.Inordertoreducenetworkbandwidthtothegreatestdegreeinthebackup,andonlyneedtobackupthetollingsystemgeneratesthenewdatatable.Thebackupsoftwareshouldbeabletoautomaticallyfiltertheaddnewdatainadatabasetable,andsynchronizedbackupsofdatathatmeetstheconditionsofform.FlagsfieldofthecurrentchargingsystemusingadedicatedTransferMark,anykindoftollsystemsoftwareafterchangingtherecord,bothonthefieldiszero,thisrecordhasbeenchangedtonotifyothersoftware.Usethisfieldasaflagtoidentifywhetherdatahaschanged.Inadditiontothisfield,-19- WiththeShaanxiExpresswaynetworkingtoll,tollextensionbusinessisnowweighingchargesforstoragechargesdatabasesecurityandbackupofbusinessdatahasbecomemoreprominent.Aftertwoyearsofoperation,moreandmoreawarenessoftheoperatingunitstodatabasestabilityissuesisaproblemnottobeignored.Simpleexamplessuchas:failureoftheserversanddatabases,generalmaintenanceandmanagementstaff,inmanycases,cannotbeindependentandquickrecovery,hadanimpactonproduction.Soweneedaproperdatabackupsolutions.Databaseisthecoreofthewholesystem,databasesecurityshouldpaymoreattention.Therefore,theformulationofappropriatedatabasebackupstrategy,istomaintaindatabasesecuritynormsaswellastheguidelines,tobackupthedataitneedsfromthetechnical,aswellasadministrativelyregulated.Indatasecurity,datasecuritystrategyistomaintaintheintegrity,confidentialityandavailabilityofinformation.Therefore,databasesecuritypolicywillfocusonthesethreepoints,includingphysicalsecurity,accesscontrol,databackupandemergencyresponse.Here,inthetollcollectionsystemintheprovinceusestheSQLServerdatabaseasanexampletoillustratetheideaofdevelopingitssecuritypolicy.1researchbackgroundofconstructionofnetworkedExpresswaytollcollectionsystemreducedthenumberofdriversvehiclesintheroadnetworkandimproveroadcapacity,reducingenvironmentalpollutionduetoparking,enhancetheeconomicbenefitsofHighwayandsocialimage.ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollbeganinMay2004,asofnowtherearemorethan200dataserver,asmoresectionsofgrid-connectedcharges,chargesdataasthecoreofthewholesystem,itisnecessarytoestablishasetofdatasecurityandreliablesolution.2purposethistimethroughtheanalysisofnetworkdatainserverhealth,ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystembasedondata,statisticalmethodsofdatastorage,dataresearch,originalchargeaspossiblesecurity,integrityandprivacyofdata.Fortheopeningsectionafterincorporationfeesprovideareliablesetofdatasecuritypolicies.3databasesecuritysituationintheprovinceShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystemoverview3.1database-tiersystems,managementsystems,branch-levelmanagementsystem,theprovincialnetworkcentresplitandtransfersystem,four-levelsystem.Eachsystemhasitsownseparatedataserverisusedtostoretheircollectionofpremiumbusinessdata,providethebasisforstatisticalanalysis.1,stand-levelserverstoragefeescollectedfromtolllanesflowingdataandpassonthissiteblessingKaku,cartridgeinformationwithinthissite,cardboxallocation,cartridgecombinationofinformationandfrequencyinformation.2,themainstorageserverserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataandthepassofblessingKaku,theinternalcartridgeinformation,reallocationofthecartridgeandcartridgecombination,personnelinformation,flightinformation,chargestheactualpaymentdataentrywork.3,Center-classserverstorageserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataWaterdataintegritycanbeupandrunning.Sowhenadatabaseserverfails,youdonotneedtopassdatatorecover,simplythroughthecollectionprocedureforchargingwaterdatacollectiontocompletethefastrecoveryofserverfailures.4.4analysissummarysummaryanalysis,lanebecauseitisnotacompletestationleveldata,sothereisnoneedfordedicatedbackup.Stand-levelserverdatabecauseitisatthefrontofthechargeasawhole,itsfaultdirectlyaffectstheexercisenormally,youneedacompleteoffsitebackupsolution.Management,anddatacenterserver,duetoitsoperationswithoutmanualdataentry,sojustusecommonartificialscheduledbackupscanbe.5solutionsinordertoensurethatwhentheserverafterahardwarefailover,backupdatawithoutchangesoronlyminorchangescanbequickandeasytroubleshootingofserverdatarecovery,you中铁电化局集团有限公司京石客专站房工程项目经理部6、成孔根据现场情况，由于征地界距离A轴太近无法保证A轴部位桩基施工，现从D轴→C轴→B轴→A轴顺序施工。现有两台旋挖机分别从1轴→6轴，7轴→12轴方向施工。6.1成孔顺序同一个承台上的几根桩应分开施工，即必须等到第一根桩的砼浇筑完毕12小时以后才能施工相邻的第二根桩，依此类推。在考虑到工程紧迫性，工程桩施工过程中兼顾完成试桩。6.2钻进成孔6.2.1旋挖钻机成孔工艺旋挖钻机采用筒式钻斗。其钻进成孔工艺为：旋挖成孔首先通过底部带有活门的桶式钻头回转，利用钻头底部的斗齿切削土体，旋转钻斗并施加压力，并直接将其土体装入钻斗内，仪表自动显示筒满时，钻斗底部关闭，然后再由钻机提升装置和伸缩钻杆将钻斗提出孔外卸土，如此反复作业提高成孔效率。钻机就位固定后，调整钻杆垂直度，启动泥浆泵，注入调制好的泥浆，待泥浆输进护筒中一定数量后，钻头对准中心放入护筒内进行钻孔。在护筒内采取低档慢速钻进；钻头至护筒底口附近时，保持低转速，暂停进尺，防止反穿孔，适当时间后，继续低进尺；离开护筒底口1m后方可正常钻进。钻进时，严格观察孔内泥浆水头有无异常变化，防止塌孔。若有异常变化首先提高孔内泥浆水头，降低钻进速度，降低转速，加大泥浆比重。若有卡钻、埋钻等现象应立即提起钻头，提高水头，研究后再钻进。当钻孔深度达到设计要求时，对孔深、孔径、孔位和孔形等进行检查，确认满足设计要求后，立即填写终孔检查证，并经驻地监理工程师认可，方可进行下道工序的施工。旋挖钻机钻孔出的土方由自卸运输车运到指定的弃土场。needtoselectthereal-timesynchronizationmethodoftheprogramme.Typicallybackupsystemcomeswithbackupsolutionsshouldbepreferred.Ifthesystemcomeswithabackupplanifitcannotmeettherequirements,softwaredevelopmentmethodsisneeded.Orthird-partysoftwaresystemsareselectedforbackup.Becausethird-partybackupsoftwareisusuallypricedveryhigh,chargingunitsrequirehighprice,soforonlythefirsttwomethodsarestudiedbelow.5.1useMSSQL2000synchronizedbackupsofSQL2000databaseinthreeways,namelysnapshotreplication,transactionalreplicationandmergereplication.Bycomparison,excludingthefirsttwoprogrammes,selectsynchronizationtransactionalreplicationanddatabaseNothwinddatabase,forexample,fortesting.Thethreepartsofthemainconsiderationsinthesynchronizationofthedata,canbethoughtofasthreehosts.ThePublisher,Distributor,andSubscriber;canbeunderstoodfromtheliteralmeaning,functionisactuallyimplementedtokeepsubscribersthroughtheDistributordatatimelyandconsistentdataatthePublisher.1,aboutsnapshotreplicationtocopydatachangesinfrequently,orarenotrequiredtokeepthedatacurrentvalues(lowlatency),snapshotdataisoneofthebestmethodsofdatareplication.Whensynchronizationoccurs,completesnapshotisgeneratedandsenttotheSubscriber.Becausesnapshotreplicationbulkcopiesreleased(itemscollection)acompletecopy,itwillpublishallwritesmadetothesnapshotfolder.Projectistospecifythatyouwanttocopytables,datapartitioning,ordatabaseobjects.Projectscanbeafulltableandcertaincolumns(usingaverticalfilter),certainrows(usingahorizontalfilter),astoredprocedureorviewdefinition,thestoredprocedureexecution,view,indexed,view,oruser-definedfunction.Snapshotreplicationdoesnotmaintaindatathefastestreal-timeupdates,andthebulkcopyreleased(itemscollection)afullcopyofthemechanismwillgeneratealotofnetworktraffic.Onlysmallvolumesofreplicationused,dataisstaticanddoesnotneedtobeupdatedinrealtimedatabase.SodonotusesnapshotreplicationthesynchronizationmodeDatatable,addanewdatafieldMSrepl_tran_version,publishingsoftwaredependingonwhetherthecontentsofthisfieldchangestodeterminewhetheryouneedtopublishthedata.AndSQL2000dataismodifiedjudgingismanagedbythekernel,notforexternalprogramming.Suchasmodifythestructureoftheoriginaldatatable,adirectresultofrunninglanesandmanagementsoftwarethatdoesn"twork.DuetotheabovetestresultstoprovethatthisscenarioisnotsuitableasabackupmethodfornetworkingtollsysteminShaanxiProvince.5.2usingspeciallydevelopedbackupsoftwareaftertheabovetests,throughthesystem"ssubscriptions,publishmethodinShanxiprovinceunderthenetworkingsoftwaresyncbackup,demandcannotbemet,backupsoftwaresoIdecidedtouseforthedevelopmentofsynchronization,synchronizebackups.Asaresultofindependentdevelopment,ithasahighdegreeofflexibilityinbackup.Easierforseamlessintegrationwithexistingsystems.Backupsoftwaredevelopedforthesynchronization,youmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:inordertoensuresynchronousbackupsoftwarecanstartonWindowsstartup,andarenoteasilyshutdownbytheoperation,itshouldbedevelopedusingaWindowsservice.Synchronizebackupsoftwareisthesoftwarethatruns24hours,mustbeabletosteadyoperation.Inordertoreducenetworkbandwidthtothegreatestdegreeinthebackup,andonlyneedtobackupthetollingsystemgeneratesthenewdatatable.Thebackupsoftwareshouldbeabletoautomaticallyfiltertheaddnewdatainadatabasetable,andsynchronizedbackupsofdatathatmeetstheconditionsofform.FlagsfieldofthecurrentchargingsystemusingadedicatedTransferMark,anykindoftollsystemsoftwareafterchangingtherecord,bothonthefieldiszero,thisrecordhasbeenchangedtonotifyothersoftware.Usethisfieldasaflagtoidentifywhetherdatahaschanged.Inadditiontothisfield,-19- WiththeShaanxiExpresswaynetworkingtoll,tollextensionbusinessisnowweighingchargesforstoragechargesdatabasesecurityandbackupofbusinessdatahasbecomemoreprominent.Aftertwoyearsofoperation,moreandmoreawarenessoftheoperatingunitstodatabasestabilityissuesisaproblemnottobeignored.Simpleexamplessuchas:failureoftheserversanddatabases,generalmaintenanceandmanagementstaff,inmanycases,cannotbeindependentandquickrecovery,hadanimpactonproduction.Soweneedaproperdatabackupsolutions.Databaseisthecoreofthewholesystem,databasesecurityshouldpaymoreattention.Therefore,theformulationofappropriatedatabasebackupstrategy,istomaintaindatabasesecuritynormsaswellastheguidelines,tobackupthedataitneedsfromthetechnical,aswellasadministrativelyregulated.Indatasecurity,datasecuritystrategyistomaintaintheintegrity,confidentialityandavailabilityofinformation.Therefore,databasesecuritypolicywillfocusonthesethreepoints,includingphysicalsecurity,accesscontrol,databackupandemergencyresponse.Here,inthetollcollectionsystemintheprovinceusestheSQLServerdatabaseasanexampletoillustratetheideaofdevelopingitssecuritypolicy.1researchbackgroundofconstructionofnetworkedExpresswaytollcollectionsystemreducedthenumberofdriversvehiclesintheroadnetworkandimproveroadcapacity,reducingenvironmentalpollutionduetoparking,enhancetheeconomicbenefitsofHighwayandsocialimage.ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollbeganinMay2004,asofnowtherearemorethan200dataserver,asmoresectionsofgrid-connectedcharges,chargesdataasthecoreofthewholesystem,itisnecessarytoestablishasetofdatasecurityandreliablesolution.2purposethistimethroughtheanalysisofnetworkdatainserverhealth,ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystembasedondata,statisticalmethodsofdatastorage,dataresearch,originalchargeaspossiblesecurity,integrityandprivacyofdata.Fortheopeningsectionafterincorporationfeesprovideareliablesetofdatasecuritypolicies.3databasesecuritysituationintheprovinceShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystemoverview3.1database-tiersystems,managementsystems,branch-levelmanagementsystem,theprovincialnetworkcentresplitandtransfersystem,four-levelsystem.Eachsystemhasitsownseparatedataserverisusedtostoretheircollectionofpremiumbusinessdata,providethebasisforstatisticalanalysis.1,stand-levelserverstoragefeescollectedfromtolllanesflowingdataandpassonthissiteblessingKaku,cartridgeinformationwithinthissite,cardboxallocation,cartridgecombinationofinformationandfrequencyinformation.2,themainstorageserverserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataandthepassofblessingKaku,theinternalcartridgeinformation,reallocationofthecartridgeandcartridgecombination,personnelinformation,flightinformation,chargestheactualpaymentdataentrywork.3,Center-classserverstorageserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataWaterdataintegritycanbeupandrunning.Sowhenadatabaseserverfails,youdonotneedtopassdatatorecover,simplythroughthecollectionprocedureforchargingwaterdatacollectiontocompletethefastrecoveryofserverfailures.4.4analysissummarysummaryanalysis,lanebecauseitisnotacompletestationleveldata,sothereisnoneedfordedicatedbackup.Stand-levelserverdatabecauseitisatthefrontofthechargeasawhole,itsfaultdirectlyaffectstheexercisenormally,youneedacompleteoffsitebackupsolution.Management,anddatacenterserver,duetoitsoperationswithoutmanualdataentry,sojustusecommonartificialscheduledbackupscanbe.5solutionsinordertoensurethatwhentheserverafterahardwarefailover,backupdatawithoutchangesoronlyminorchangescanbequickandeasytroubleshootingofserverdatarecovery,you中铁电化局集团有限公司京石客专站房工程项目经理部6.3钻孔注意事项⑴由于钻机设备较重，施工场地必须平整、宽敞，并有一定硬度，避免钻机发生沉陷。⑵开孔孔位必须准确，开钻时慢速钻进，待钻头进入护筒底口1m后，方可以正常速度钻进。在钻至砂卵石层时，为防止跨孔、缩孔等事故的发生，应放慢转速和钻进速度，增大泥浆粘度，增加护壁厚度，待钻头完全穿过砂卵石层后再以正常的钻进速度继续钻进施工。⑶泥浆初次注入时，垂直向桩孔中间进行入浆，避免泥浆沿着护筒壁冲刷其底部，致使护筒底部土质松散。⑷钻机施工中检查钻头的磨损和连接部位，发现侧齿磨坏，钻斗封闭不严时必须及时整修。⑸根据不同地质情况，必须检测清孔后灌筑砼时泥浆性能指标，确保泥浆对孔壁的撑护作用。⑹在钻孔排渣、提钻头或因故停钻时，应保证孔内具有规定的水位和要求的泥浆相对密度和粘度。⑺钻孔时应认真填写好钻进记录，并对各地层地质情况做详细记录，同时与设计所提供的钻孔地质资料进行对照，如有差异，应及时通知监理及设计部门。当钻至桩底设计标高后，对照持力层地质情况，符合设计要求后向监理报验。如地质情况不符，应立即上报监理及设计院。7、终孔检查及清孔当钻孔达到设计终孔标高后，请监理工程师检查，确定终孔。如沉渣厚度大于设计要求（设计要求不大于5cm）时，需要进行清孔，清孔采用换浆法，在清孔完成后测定孔内泥浆指标和沉渣厚度，达到标准后持续30分钟，再进行孔径、倾斜度检测，孔径及倾斜度采用探笼检查，探笼由8根φ20主筋和间距20φ10箍筋加工成简易钢筋笼形式，钢筋笼直径比钻孔桩钢筋笼外径大10cm，比钻机钻头小，长度为桩径的4～6倍。检查合格后移走钻机。8、钢筋笼制作安装施工程序：钢筋笼制安→导管安放→二次清孔→水下混凝土灌筑。needtoselectthereal-timesynchronizationmethodoftheprogramme.Typicallybackupsystemcomeswithbackupsolutionsshouldbepreferred.Ifthesystemcomeswithabackupplanifitcannotmeettherequirements,softwaredevelopmentmethodsisneeded.Orthird-partysoftwaresystemsareselectedforbackup.Becausethird-partybackupsoftwareisusuallypricedveryhigh,chargingunitsrequirehighprice,soforonlythefirsttwomethodsarestudiedbelow.5.1useMSSQL2000synchronizedbackupsofSQL2000databaseinthreeways,namelysnapshotreplication,transactionalreplicationandmergereplication.Bycomparison,excludingthefirsttwoprogrammes,selectsynchronizationtransactionalreplicationanddatabaseNothwinddatabase,forexample,fortesting.Thethreepartsofthemainconsiderationsinthesynchronizationofthedata,canbethoughtofasthreehosts.ThePublisher,Distributor,andSubscriber;canbeunderstoodfromtheliteralmeaning,functionisactuallyimplementedtokeepsubscribersthroughtheDistributordatatimelyandconsistentdataatthePublisher.1,aboutsnapshotreplicationtocopydatachangesinfrequently,orarenotrequiredtokeepthedatacurrentvalues(lowlatency),snapshotdataisoneofthebestmethodsofdatareplication.Whensynchronizationoccurs,completesnapshotisgeneratedandsenttotheSubscriber.Becausesnapshotreplicationbulkcopiesreleased(itemscollection)acompletecopy,itwillpublishallwritesmadetothesnapshotfolder.Projectistospecifythatyouwanttocopytables,datapartitioning,ordatabaseobjects.Projectscanbeafulltableandcertaincolumns(usingaverticalfilter),certainrows(usingahorizontalfilter),astoredprocedureorviewdefinition,thestoredprocedureexecution,view,indexed,view,oruser-definedfunction.Snapshotreplicationdoesnotmaintaindatathefastestreal-timeupdates,andthebulkcopyreleased(itemscollection)afullcopyofthemechanismwillgeneratealotofnetworktraffic.Onlysmallvolumesofreplicationused,dataisstaticanddoesnotneedtobeupdatedinrealtimedatabase.SodonotusesnapshotreplicationthesynchronizationmodeDatatable,addanewdatafieldMSrepl_tran_version,publishingsoftwaredependingonwhetherthecontentsofthisfieldchangestodeterminewhetheryouneedtopublishthedata.AndSQL2000dataismodifiedjudgingismanagedbythekernel,notforexternalprogramming.Suchasmodifythestructureoftheoriginaldatatable,adirectresultofrunninglanesandmanagementsoftwarethatdoesn"twork.DuetotheabovetestresultstoprovethatthisscenarioisnotsuitableasabackupmethodfornetworkingtollsysteminShaanxiProvince.5.2usingspeciallydevelopedbackupsoftwareaftertheabovetests,throughthesystem"ssubscriptions,publishmethodinShanxiprovinceunderthenetworkingsoftwaresyncbackup,demandcannotbemet,backupsoftwaresoIdecidedtouseforthedevelopmentofsynchronization,synchronizebackups.Asaresultofindependentdevelopment,ithasahighdegreeofflexibilityinbackup.Easierforseamlessintegrationwithexistingsystems.Backupsoftwaredevelopedforthesynchronization,youmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:inordertoensuresynchronousbackupsoftwarecanstartonWindowsstartup,andarenoteasilyshutdownbytheoperation,itshouldbedevelopedusingaWindowsservice.Synchronizebackupsoftwareisthesoftwarethatruns24hours,mustbeabletosteadyoperation.Inordertoreducenetworkbandwidthtothegreatestdegreeinthebackup,andonlyneedtobackupthetollingsystemgeneratesthenewdatatable.Thebackupsoftwareshouldbeabletoautomaticallyfiltertheaddnewdatainadatabasetable,andsynchronizedbackupsofdatathatmeetstheconditionsofform.FlagsfieldofthecurrentchargingsystemusingadedicatedTransferMark,anykindoftollsystemsoftwareafterchangingtherecord,bothonthefieldiszero,thisrecordhasbeenchangedtonotifyothersoftware.Usethisfieldasaflagtoidentifywhetherdatahaschanged.Inadditiontothisfield,-19- WiththeShaanxiExpresswaynetworkingtoll,tollextensionbusinessisnowweighingchargesforstoragechargesdatabasesecurityandbackupofbusinessdatahasbecomemoreprominent.Aftertwoyearsofoperation,moreandmoreawarenessoftheoperatingunitstodatabasestabilityissuesisaproblemnottobeignored.Simpleexamplessuchas:failureoftheserversanddatabases,generalmaintenanceandmanagementstaff,inmanycases,cannotbeindependentandquickrecovery,hadanimpactonproduction.Soweneedaproperdatabackupsolutions.Databaseisthecoreofthewholesystem,databasesecurityshouldpaymoreattention.Therefore,theformulationofappropriatedatabasebackupstrategy,istomaintaindatabasesecuritynormsaswellastheguidelines,tobackupthedataitneedsfromthetechnical,aswellasadministrativelyregulated.Indatasecurity,datasecuritystrategyistomaintaintheintegrity,confidentialityandavailabilityofinformation.Therefore,databasesecuritypolicywillfocusonthesethreepoints,includingphysicalsecurity,accesscontrol,databackupandemergencyresponse.Here,inthetollcollectionsystemintheprovinceusestheSQLServerdatabaseasanexampletoillustratetheideaofdevelopingitssecuritypolicy.1researchbackgroundofconstructionofnetworkedExpresswaytollcollectionsystemreducedthenumberofdriversvehiclesintheroadnetworkandimproveroadcapacity,reducingenvironmentalpollutionduetoparking,enhancetheeconomicbenefitsofHighwayandsocialimage.ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollbeganinMay2004,asofnowtherearemorethan200dataserver,asmoresectionsofgrid-connectedcharges,chargesdataasthecoreofthewholesystem,itisnecessarytoestablishasetofdatasecurityandreliablesolution.2purposethistimethroughtheanalysisofnetworkdatainserverhealth,ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystembasedondata,statisticalmethodsofdatastorage,dataresearch,originalchargeaspossiblesecurity,integrityandprivacyofdata.Fortheopeningsectionafterincorporationfeesprovideareliablesetofdatasecuritypolicies.3databasesecuritysituationintheprovinceShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystemoverview3.1database-tiersystems,managementsystems,branch-levelmanagementsystem,theprovincialnetworkcentresplitandtransfersystem,four-levelsystem.Eachsystemhasitsownseparatedataserverisusedtostoretheircollectionofpremiumbusinessdata,providethebasisforstatisticalanalysis.1,stand-levelserverstoragefeescollectedfromtolllanesflowingdataandpassonthissiteblessingKaku,cartridgeinformationwithinthissite,cardboxallocation,cartridgecombinationofinformationandfrequencyinformation.2,themainstorageserverserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataandthepassofblessingKaku,theinternalcartridgeinformation,reallocationofthecartridgeandcartridgecombination,personnelinformation,flightinformation,chargestheactualpaymentdataentrywork.3,Center-classserverstorageserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataWaterdataintegritycanbeupandrunning.Sowhenadatabaseserverfails,youdonotneedtopassdatatorecover,simplythroughthecollectionprocedureforchargingwaterdatacollectiontocompletethefastrecoveryofserverfailures.4.4analysissummarysummaryanalysis,lanebecauseitisnotacompletestationleveldata,sothereisnoneedfordedicatedbackup.Stand-levelserverdatabecauseitisatthefrontofthechargeasawhole,itsfaultdirectlyaffectstheexercisenormally,youneedacompleteoffsitebackupsolution.Management,anddatacenterserver,duetoitsoperationswithoutmanualdataentry,sojustusecommonartificialscheduledbackupscanbe.5solutionsinordertoensurethatwhentheserverafterahardwarefailover,backupdatawithoutchangesoronlyminorchangescanbequickandeasytroubleshootingofserverdatarecovery,you中铁电化局集团有限公司京石客专站房工程项目经理部⑴钢筋笼在现场钢筋加工场地统一加工，钢筋笼的加工严格按图进行。并符合《铁路混凝土工程施工质量验收补充标准》相关要求。⑵每节钢筋笼接头按规定的接头要求相互错开，同一截面的接头数小于钢筋笼总根数的1/2，接头相互间距离大于35d。钢筋连接部分采用焊接连接。⑶根据钢筋原材料长度、吊车性能及现场场地，钢筋笼分节长度为12m，钢筋笼采用加劲筋成型法，采用5cm半径预制砂浆保护层垫块，每5m一道，每道4块。⑷为吊放钢筋，每节钢筋笼上部对称设置2个吊环，用Φ14钢筋制作，同时每节钢筋笼的上部还设置2个临时支撑固定杆，以满足钢筋笼对接焊接临时支撑的需要。⑸钢筋笼的安装利用吊车分节吊装。在钢筋笼起吊之前在钢筋上对称系缆风绳以保证钢筋笼吊装过程中的安全⑹钢筋笼顶标高，根据实测的护筒顶标高采取措施进行控制，就位后牢固定位。采用4根对称布置的Φ20钢筋作为定位钢筋并与钢护筒焊接，以防止钢筋笼上浮。⑺钢筋笼顶面中心点跟桩孔中心点重合，两者不能发生偏位。9、水下混凝土的灌筑水下砼浇注是钻孔灌筑桩施工的主要工序之一，也是影响成桩基质量的关键所在。灌筑前应按照规范要求进行孔底沉渣厚度和泥浆性能指标检测，若沉碴厚度和泥浆指标不符合设计要求，须进行二次清孔，然后重新测定，直到满足设计要求，并经现场监理工程师认可后，才能灌筑水下砼。9.1安装导管9.1.1导管水密试验needtoselectthereal-timesynchronizationmethodoftheprogramme.Typicallybackupsystemcomeswithbackupsolutionsshouldbepreferred.Ifthesystemcomeswithabackupplanifitcannotmeettherequirements,softwaredevelopmentmethodsisneeded.Orthird-partysoftwaresystemsareselectedforbackup.Becausethird-partybackupsoftwareisusuallypricedveryhigh,chargingunitsrequirehighprice,soforonlythefirsttwomethodsarestudiedbelow.5.1useMSSQL2000synchronizedbackupsofSQL2000databaseinthreeways,namelysnapshotreplication,transactionalreplicationandmergereplication.Bycomparison,excludingthefirsttwoprogrammes,selectsynchronizationtransactionalreplicationanddatabaseNothwinddatabase,forexample,fortesting.Thethreepartsofthemainconsiderationsinthesynchronizationofthedata,canbethoughtofasthreehosts.ThePublisher,Distributor,andSubscriber;canbeunderstoodfromtheliteralmeaning,functionisactuallyimplementedtokeepsubscribersthroughtheDistributordatatimelyandconsistentdataatthePublisher.1,aboutsnapshotreplicationtocopydatachangesinfrequently,orarenotrequiredtokeepthedatacurrentvalues(lowlatency),snapshotdataisoneofthebestmethodsofdatareplication.Whensynchronizationoccurs,completesnapshotisgeneratedandsenttotheSubscriber.Becausesnapshotreplicationbulkcopiesreleased(itemscollection)acompletecopy,itwillpublishallwritesmadetothesnapshotfolder.Projectistospecifythatyouwanttocopytables,datapartitioning,ordatabaseobjects.Projectscanbeafulltableandcertaincolumns(usingaverticalfilter),certainrows(usingahorizontalfilter),astoredprocedureorviewdefinition,thestoredprocedureexecution,view,indexed,view,oruser-definedfunction.Snapshotreplicationdoesnotmaintaindatathefastestreal-timeupdates,andthebulkcopyreleased(itemscollection)afullcopyofthemechanismwillgeneratealotofnetworktraffic.Onlysmallvolumesofreplicationused,dataisstaticanddoesnotneedtobeupdatedinrealtimedatabase.SodonotusesnapshotreplicationthesynchronizationmodeDatatable,addanewdatafieldMSrepl_tran_version,publishingsoftwaredependingonwhetherthecontentsofthisfieldchangestodeterminewhetheryouneedtopublishthedata.AndSQL2000dataismodifiedjudgingismanagedbythekernel,notforexternalprogramming.Suchasmodifythestructureoftheoriginaldatatable,adirectresultofrunninglanesandmanagementsoftwarethatdoesn"twork.DuetotheabovetestresultstoprovethatthisscenarioisnotsuitableasabackupmethodfornetworkingtollsysteminShaanxiProvince.5.2usingspeciallydevelopedbackupsoftwareaftertheabovetests,throughthesystem"ssubscriptions,publishmethodinShanxiprovinceunderthenetworkingsoftwaresyncbackup,demandcannotbemet,backupsoftwaresoIdecidedtouseforthedevelopmentofsynchronization,synchronizebackups.Asaresultofindependentdevelopment,ithasahighdegreeofflexibilityinbackup.Easierforseamlessintegrationwithexistingsystems.Backupsoftwaredevelopedforthesynchronization,youmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:inordertoensuresynchronousbackupsoftwarecanstartonWindowsstartup,andarenoteasilyshutdownbytheoperation,itshouldbedevelopedusingaWindowsservice.Synchronizebackupsoftwareisthesoftwarethatruns24hours,mustbeabletosteadyoperation.Inordertoreducenetworkbandwidthtothegreatestdegreeinthebackup,andonlyneedtobackupthetollingsystemgeneratesthenewdatatable.Thebackupsoftwareshouldbeabletoautomaticallyfiltertheaddnewdatainadatabasetable,andsynchronizedbackupsofdatathatmeetstheconditionsofform.FlagsfieldofthecurrentchargingsystemusingadedicatedTransferMark,anykindoftollsystemsoftwareafterchangingtherecord,bothonthefieldiszero,thisrecordhasbeenchangedtonotifyothersoftware.Usethisfieldasaflagtoidentifywhetherdatahaschanged.Inadditiontothisfield,-19- WiththeShaanxiExpresswaynetworkingtoll,tollextensionbusinessisnowweighingchargesforstoragechargesdatabasesecurityandbackupofbusinessdatahasbecomemoreprominent.Aftertwoyearsofoperation,moreandmoreawarenessoftheoperatingunitstodatabasestabilityissuesisaproblemnottobeignored.Simpleexamplessuchas:failureoftheserversanddatabases,generalmaintenanceandmanagementstaff,inmanycases,cannotbeindependentandquickrecovery,hadanimpactonproduction.Soweneedaproperdatabackupsolutions.Databaseisthecoreofthewholesystem,databasesecurityshouldpaymoreattention.Therefore,theformulationofappropriatedatabasebackupstrategy,istomaintaindatabasesecuritynormsaswellastheguidelines,tobackupthedataitneedsfromthetechnical,aswellasadministrativelyregulated.Indatasecurity,datasecuritystrategyistomaintaintheintegrity,confidentialityandavailabilityofinformation.Therefore,databasesecuritypolicywillfocusonthesethreepoints,includingphysicalsecurity,accesscontrol,databackupandemergencyresponse.Here,inthetollcollectionsystemintheprovinceusestheSQLServerdatabaseasanexampletoillustratetheideaofdevelopingitssecuritypolicy.1researchbackgroundofconstructionofnetworkedExpresswaytollcollectionsystemreducedthenumberofdriversvehiclesintheroadnetworkandimproveroadcapacity,reducingenvironmentalpollutionduetoparking,enhancetheeconomicbenefitsofHighwayandsocialimage.ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollbeganinMay2004,asofnowtherearemorethan200dataserver,asmoresectionsofgrid-connectedcharges,chargesdataasthecoreofthewholesystem,itisnecessarytoestablishasetofdatasecurityandreliablesolution.2purposethistimethroughtheanalysisofnetworkdatainserverhealth,ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystembasedondata,statisticalmethodsofdatastorage,dataresearch,originalchargeaspossiblesecurity,integrityandprivacyofdata.Fortheopeningsectionafterincorporationfeesprovideareliablesetofdatasecuritypolicies.3databasesecuritysituationintheprovinceShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystemoverview3.1database-tiersystems,managementsystems,branch-levelmanagementsystem,theprovincialnetworkcentresplitandtransfersystem,four-levelsystem.Eachsystemhasitsownseparatedataserverisusedtostoretheircollectionofpremiumbusinessdata,providethebasisforstatisticalanalysis.1,stand-levelserverstoragefeescollectedfromtolllanesflowingdataandpassonthissiteblessingKaku,cartridgeinformationwithinthissite,cardboxallocation,cartridgecombinationofinformationandfrequencyinformation.2,themainstorageserverserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataandthepassofblessingKaku,theinternalcartridgeinformation,reallocationofthecartridgeandcartridgecombination,personnelinformation,flightinformation,chargestheactualpaymentdataentrywork.3,Center-classserverstorageserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataWaterdataintegritycanbeupandrunning.Sowhenadatabaseserverfails,youdonotneedtopassdatatorecover,simplythroughthecollectionprocedureforchargingwaterdatacollectiontocompletethefastrecoveryofserverfailures.4.4analysissummarysummaryanalysis,lanebecauseitisnotacompletestationleveldata,sothereisnoneedfordedicatedbackup.Stand-levelserverdatabecauseitisatthefrontofthechargeasawhole,itsfaultdirectlyaffectstheexercisenormally,youneedacompleteoffsitebackupsolution.Management,anddatacenterserver,duetoitsoperationswithoutmanualdataentry,sojustusecommonartificialscheduledbackupscanbe.5solutionsinordertoensurethatwhentheserverafterahardwarefailover,backupdatawithoutchangesoronlyminorchangescanbequickandeasytroubleshootingofserverdatarecovery,you中铁电化局集团有限公司京石客专站房工程项目经理部按照规定，水密试验的水压不小于孔内水深压力的1.5倍，也不应小于可能承受灌筑混凝土时最大内压力的1.3倍。通过公式Pmax=1.3(rc×hxmax-rwHw)计算得水密试验压力为600KPa。每根导管均要试压。式中:Pmax——导管可能承受到的最大内压力（kpa）；rc——混凝土容重（KN/m3），取24.0kN/m3;hxmax——导管内混凝土柱最大高度（m），取38m；rw——孔内泥浆的容重（KN/m3），取12.0KN/m3；HW——孔内泥浆的深度（m），取38m；Pmax=1.3×(24×38-12.0×38)=592.8kpa，取600kpa水密试验方法是把拼装好的导管先灌满水,两端封闭，一端焊接出水管接头，另一端焊接进水管接头，并与水泵出水管相接，启动水泵给导管注入压力水，当水泵的压力表压力达到导管须承受的计算压力时，稳压10分钟后接头及接缝处不渗漏即为合格。9.1.2导管下放导管使用前进行水密、承压及接头抗拉试验，然后逐段吊装直到距孔底30～40cm为止。导管必须接头严密、牢固，导管位于井孔中央，严防导管法兰盘和钢筋笼相碰。导管采用无缝钢管制成，导管内壁应光滑、圆顺、内径一致、接口严密；导管采用快速螺纹接头，导管接头处设2道密封圈，保证接头的密封性；导管φ内=300mm，壁厚δ=6mm，导管中间标准节长3m，底节4m，同时配备若干个1m和0.5m的导管，导管在使用前应进行试压和水密试验，并按顺序编号。导管下放前检查每根导管是否干净、畅通以及密封圈的完好性。下放过程中注意保持与孔位中心线一致。导管接长时通过活动卡盘固定。待钢筋笼、导管安装完毕后，测量孔底沉淀层厚度，达不到设计要求的，必须进行二次清孔，确保沉淀值达到设计要求，并量测孔深和泥浆等的各项指标，向监理报验、签认，经验收合格后方可进入下一道工序。9.2混凝土施工9.2.1混凝土搅拌混凝土浇筑采取商品混凝土needtoselectthereal-timesynchronizationmethodoftheprogramme.Typicallybackupsystemcomeswithbackupsolutionsshouldbepreferred.Ifthesystemcomeswithabackupplanifitcannotmeettherequirements,softwaredevelopmentmethodsisneeded.Orthird-partysoftwaresystemsareselectedforbackup.Becausethird-partybackupsoftwareisusuallypricedveryhigh,chargingunitsrequirehighprice,soforonlythefirsttwomethodsarestudiedbelow.5.1useMSSQL2000synchronizedbackupsofSQL2000databaseinthreeways,namelysnapshotreplication,transactionalreplicationandmergereplication.Bycomparison,excludingthefirsttwoprogrammes,selectsynchronizationtransactionalreplicationanddatabaseNothwinddatabase,forexample,fortesting.Thethreepartsofthemainconsiderationsinthesynchronizationofthedata,canbethoughtofasthreehosts.ThePublisher,Distributor,andSubscriber;canbeunderstoodfromtheliteralmeaning,functionisactuallyimplementedtokeepsubscribersthroughtheDistributordatatimelyandconsistentdataatthePublisher.1,aboutsnapshotreplicationtocopydatachangesinfrequently,orarenotrequiredtokeepthedatacurrentvalues(lowlatency),snapshotdataisoneofthebestmethodsofdatareplication.Whensynchronizationoccurs,completesnapshotisgeneratedandsenttotheSubscriber.Becausesnapshotreplicationbulkcopiesreleased(itemscollection)acompletecopy,itwillpublishallwritesmadetothesnapshotfolder.Projectistospecifythatyouwanttocopytables,datapartitioning,ordatabaseobjects.Projectscanbeafulltableandcertaincolumns(usingaverticalfilter),certainrows(usingahorizontalfilter),astoredprocedureorviewdefinition,thestoredprocedureexecution,view,indexed,view,oruser-definedfunction.Snapshotreplicationdoesnotmaintaindatathefastestreal-timeupdates,andthebulkcopyreleased(itemscollection)afullcopyofthemechanismwillgeneratealotofnetworktraffic.Onlysmallvolumesofreplicationused,dataisstaticanddoesnotneedtobeupdatedinrealtimedatabase.SodonotusesnapshotreplicationthesynchronizationmodeDatatable,addanewdatafieldMSrepl_tran_version,publishingsoftwaredependingonwhetherthecontentsofthisfieldchangestodeterminewhetheryouneedtopublishthedata.AndSQL2000dataismodifiedjudgingismanagedbythekernel,notforexternalprogramming.Suchasmodifythestructureoftheoriginaldatatable,adirectresultofrunninglanesandmanagementsoftwarethatdoesn"twork.DuetotheabovetestresultstoprovethatthisscenarioisnotsuitableasabackupmethodfornetworkingtollsysteminShaanxiProvince.5.2usingspeciallydevelopedbackupsoftwareaftertheabovetests,throughthesystem"ssubscriptions,publishmethodinShanxiprovinceunderthenetworkingsoftwaresyncbackup,demandcannotbemet,backupsoftwaresoIdecidedtouseforthedevelopmentofsynchronization,synchronizebackups.Asaresultofindependentdevelopment,ithasahighdegreeofflexibilityinbackup.Easierforseamlessintegrationwithexistingsystems.Backupsoftwaredevelopedforthesynchronization,youmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:inordertoensuresynchronousbackupsoftwarecanstartonWindowsstartup,andarenoteasilyshutdownbytheoperation,itshouldbedevelopedusingaWindowsservice.Synchronizebackupsoftwareisthesoftwarethatruns24hours,mustbeabletosteadyoperation.Inordertoreducenetworkbandwidthtothegreatestdegreeinthebackup,andonlyneedtobackupthetollingsystemgeneratesthenewdatatable.Thebackupsoftwareshouldbeabletoautomaticallyfiltertheaddnewdatainadatabasetable,andsynchronizedbackupsofdatathatmeetstheconditionsofform.FlagsfieldofthecurrentchargingsystemusingadedicatedTransferMark,anykindoftollsystemsoftwareafterchangingtherecord,bothonthefieldiszero,thisrecordhasbeenchangedtonotifyothersoftware.Usethisfieldasaflagtoidentifywhetherdatahaschanged.Inadditiontothisfield,-19- WiththeShaanxiExpresswaynetworkingtoll,tollextensionbusinessisnowweighingchargesforstoragechargesdatabasesecurityandbackupofbusinessdatahasbecomemoreprominent.Aftertwoyearsofoperation,moreandmoreawarenessoftheoperatingunitstodatabasestabilityissuesisaproblemnottobeignored.Simpleexamplessuchas:failureoftheserversanddatabases,generalmaintenanceandmanagementstaff,inmanycases,cannotbeindependentandquickrecovery,hadanimpactonproduction.Soweneedaproperdatabackupsolutions.Databaseisthecoreofthewholesystem,databasesecurityshouldpaymoreattention.Therefore,theformulationofappropriatedatabasebackupstrategy,istomaintaindatabasesecuritynormsaswellastheguidelines,tobackupthedataitneedsfromthetechnical,aswellasadministrativelyregulated.Indatasecurity,datasecuritystrategyistomaintaintheintegrity,confidentialityandavailabilityofinformation.Therefore,databasesecuritypolicywillfocusonthesethreepoints,includingphysicalsecurity,accesscontrol,databackupandemergencyresponse.Here,inthetollcollectionsystemintheprovinceusestheSQLServerdatabaseasanexampletoillustratetheideaofdevelopingitssecuritypolicy.1researchbackgroundofconstructionofnetworkedExpresswaytollcollectionsystemreducedthenumberofdriversvehiclesintheroadnetworkandimproveroadcapacity,reducingenvironmentalpollutionduetoparking,enhancetheeconomicbenefitsofHighwayandsocialimage.ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollbeganinMay2004,asofnowtherearemorethan200dataserver,asmoresectionsofgrid-connectedcharges,chargesdataasthecoreofthewholesystem,itisnecessarytoestablishasetofdatasecurityandreliablesolution.2purposethistimethroughtheanalysisofnetworkdatainserverhealth,ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystembasedondata,statisticalmethodsofdatastorage,dataresearch,originalchargeaspossiblesecurity,integrityandprivacyofdata.Fortheopeningsectionafterincorporationfeesprovideareliablesetofdatasecuritypolicies.3databasesecuritysituationintheprovinceShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystemoverview3.1database-tiersystems,managementsystems,branch-levelmanagementsystem,theprovincialnetworkcentresplitandtransfersystem,four-levelsystem.Eachsystemhasitsownseparatedataserverisusedtostoretheircollectionofpremiumbusinessdata,providethebasisforstatisticalanalysis.1,stand-levelserverstoragefeescollectedfromtolllanesflowingdataandpassonthissiteblessingKaku,cartridgeinformationwithinthissite,cardboxallocation,cartridgecombinationofinformationandfrequencyinformation.2,themainstorageserverserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataandthepassofblessingKaku,theinternalcartridgeinformation,reallocationofthecartridgeandcartridgecombination,personnelinformation,flightinformation,chargestheactualpaymentdataentrywork.3,Center-classserverstorageserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataWaterdataintegritycanbeupandrunning.Sowhenadatabaseserverfails,youdonotneedtopassdatatorecover,simplythroughthecollectionprocedureforchargingwaterdatacollectiontocompletethefastrecoveryofserverfailures.4.4analysissummarysummaryanalysis,lanebecauseitisnotacompletestationleveldata,sothereisnoneedfordedicatedbackup.Stand-levelserverdatabecauseitisatthefrontofthechargeasawhole,itsfaultdirectlyaffectstheexercisenormally,youneedacompleteoffsitebackupsolution.Management,anddatacenterserver,duetoitsoperationswithoutmanualdataentry,sojustusecommonartificialscheduledbackupscanbe.5solutionsinordertoensurethatwhentheserverafterahardwarefailover,backupdatawithoutchangesoronlyminorchangescanbequickandeasytroubleshootingofserverdatarecovery,you中铁电化局集团有限公司京石客专站房工程项目经理部，通过输送车将砼送至现场，直接通过混凝土输送车将混凝土输送到料斗中，经料斗进入导管进行水下混凝土灌筑。9.2.2混凝土输送混凝土输送采用混凝土罐车运送至施工现场，根据混凝土的运输距离及浇筑速度配置足够数量的混凝土罐车以保证桩基混凝土的浇筑能连续、迅速完成（单根桩混凝土浇筑控制在2个小时内完成）。将拌合物通过集料斗进入导管内灌入成孔内。9.2.3混凝土浇注在接好浇筑砼导管、正式浇筑砼应按照规范要求进行孔底沉渣厚度和泥浆性能指标检测，若沉碴厚度和泥浆指标不符合设计要求，须进行二次清孔，然后重新测定，直到满足设计要求。清孔方法：可在浇筑导管顶部安设一个弯头和皮笼，用泥浆泵将泥浆压入导管内，再从孔底沿着导管外置换沉渣，要求沉渣厚度≤5cm；清孔时应保持孔内泥浆面高出地下水位1.5～2.0m，以防止塌孔；清孔完成后，应立即进行水下砼的浇筑。当混凝土灌筑至距钢筋笼底3-4米时，放慢灌筑速度，直到混凝土将钢筋笼埋深至1米时，再以正常速度灌筑，严防钢筋笼上浮。混凝土浇筑完成前，测定浮渣厚度，保证桩头混凝土质量。混凝土封底灌筑采用吹球法施工，即在料斗的底部、导管的顶口用盖板等封住导管口，在导管口的顶部放一个直径小于导管内经1cm的皮球做为隔水球，当大料斗内灌满混凝土后立即吊出盖板，使混凝土沿导管下落，通过隔水球将泥浆强行排除导管外，同时保持混凝土不间断地通过大料斗和导管灌筑至水下，从而完成首批混凝土的灌筑。现场大料斗放量约为1.25方，可满足800mm孔径桩封底要求。首批混凝土灌筑成功后，大料斗换成小料斗，转入正常灌筑阶段，混凝土经泵车输送或罐车自卸needtoselectthereal-timesynchronizationmethodoftheprogramme.Typicallybackupsystemcomeswithbackupsolutionsshouldbepreferred.Ifthesystemcomeswithabackupplanifitcannotmeettherequirements,softwaredevelopmentmethodsisneeded.Orthird-partysoftwaresystemsareselectedforbackup.Becausethird-partybackupsoftwareisusuallypricedveryhigh,chargingunitsrequirehighprice,soforonlythefirsttwomethodsarestudiedbelow.5.1useMSSQL2000synchronizedbackupsofSQL2000databaseinthreeways,namelysnapshotreplication,transactionalreplicationandmergereplication.Bycomparison,excludingthefirsttwoprogrammes,selectsynchronizationtransactionalreplicationanddatabaseNothwinddatabase,forexample,fortesting.Thethreepartsofthemainconsiderationsinthesynchronizationofthedata,canbethoughtofasthreehosts.ThePublisher,Distributor,andSubscriber;canbeunderstoodfromtheliteralmeaning,functionisactuallyimplementedtokeepsubscribersthroughtheDistributordatatimelyandconsistentdataatthePublisher.1,aboutsnapshotreplicationtocopydatachangesinfrequently,orarenotrequiredtokeepthedatacurrentvalues(lowlatency),snapshotdataisoneofthebestmethodsofdatareplication.Whensynchronizationoccurs,completesnapshotisgeneratedandsenttotheSubscriber.Becausesnapshotreplicationbulkcopiesreleased(itemscollection)acompletecopy,itwillpublishallwritesmadetothesnapshotfolder.Projectistospecifythatyouwanttocopytables,datapartitioning,ordatabaseobjects.Projectscanbeafulltableandcertaincolumns(usingaverticalfilter),certainrows(usingahorizontalfilter),astoredprocedureorviewdefinition,thestoredprocedureexecution,view,indexed,view,oruser-definedfunction.Snapshotreplicationdoesnotmaintaindatathefastestreal-timeupdates,andthebulkcopyreleased(itemscollection)afullcopyofthemechanismwillgeneratealotofnetworktraffic.Onlysmallvolumesofreplicationused,dataisstaticanddoesnotneedtobeupdatedinrealtimedatabase.SodonotusesnapshotreplicationthesynchronizationmodeDatatable,addanewdatafieldMSrepl_tran_version,publishingsoftwaredependingonwhetherthecontentsofthisfieldchangestodeterminewhetheryouneedtopublishthedata.AndSQL2000dataismodifiedjudgingismanagedbythekernel,notforexternalprogramming.Suchasmodifythestructureoftheoriginaldatatable,adirectresultofrunninglanesandmanagementsoftwarethatdoesn"twork.DuetotheabovetestresultstoprovethatthisscenarioisnotsuitableasabackupmethodfornetworkingtollsysteminShaanxiProvince.5.2usingspeciallydevelopedbackupsoftwareaftertheabovetests,throughthesystem"ssubscriptions,publishmethodinShanxiprovinceunderthenetworkingsoftwaresyncbackup,demandcannotbemet,backupsoftwaresoIdecidedtouseforthedevelopmentofsynchronization,synchronizebackups.Asaresultofindependentdevelopment,ithasahighdegreeofflexibilityinbackup.Easierforseamlessintegrationwithexistingsystems.Backupsoftwaredevelopedforthesynchronization,youmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:inordertoensuresynchronousbackupsoftwarecanstartonWindowsstartup,andarenoteasilyshutdownbytheoperation,itshouldbedevelopedusingaWindowsservice.Synchronizebackupsoftwareisthesoftwarethatruns24hours,mustbeabletosteadyoperation.Inordertoreducenetworkbandwidthtothegreatestdegreeinthebackup,andonlyneedtobackupthetollingsystemgeneratesthenewdatatable.Thebackupsoftwareshouldbeabletoautomaticallyfiltertheaddnewdatainadatabasetable,andsynchronizedbackupsofdatathatmeetstheconditionsofform.FlagsfieldofthecurrentchargingsystemusingadedicatedTransferMark,anykindoftollsystemsoftwareafterchangingtherecord,bothonthefieldiszero,thisrecordhasbeenchangedtonotifyothersoftware.Usethisfieldasaflagtoidentifywhetherdatahaschanged.Inadditiontothisfield,-19- WiththeShaanxiExpresswaynetworkingtoll,tollextensionbusinessisnowweighingchargesforstoragechargesdatabasesecurityandbackupofbusinessdatahasbecomemoreprominent.Aftertwoyearsofoperation,moreandmoreawarenessoftheoperatingunitstodatabasestabilityissuesisaproblemnottobeignored.Simpleexamplessuchas:failureoftheserversanddatabases,generalmaintenanceandmanagementstaff,inmanycases,cannotbeindependentandquickrecovery,hadanimpactonproduction.Soweneedaproperdatabackupsolutions.Databaseisthecoreofthewholesystem,databasesecurityshouldpaymoreattention.Therefore,theformulationofappropriatedatabasebackupstrategy,istomaintaindatabasesecuritynormsaswellastheguidelines,tobackupthedataitneedsfromthetechnical,aswellasadministrativelyregulated.Indatasecurity,datasecuritystrategyistomaintaintheintegrity,confidentialityandavailabilityofinformation.Therefore,databasesecuritypolicywillfocusonthesethreepoints,includingphysicalsecurity,accesscontrol,databackupandemergencyresponse.Here,inthetollcollectionsystemintheprovinceusestheSQLServerdatabaseasanexampletoillustratetheideaofdevelopingitssecuritypolicy.1researchbackgroundofconstructionofnetworkedExpresswaytollcollectionsystemreducedthenumberofdriversvehiclesintheroadnetworkandimproveroadcapacity,reducingenvironmentalpollutionduetoparking,enhancetheeconomicbenefitsofHighwayandsocialimage.ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollbeganinMay2004,asofnowtherearemorethan200dataserver,asmoresectionsofgrid-connectedcharges,chargesdataasthecoreofthewholesystem,itisnecessarytoestablishasetofdatasecurityandreliablesolution.2purposethistimethroughtheanalysisofnetworkdatainserverhealth,ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystembasedondata,statisticalmethodsofdatastorage,dataresearch,originalchargeaspossiblesecurity,integrityandprivacyofdata.Fortheopeningsectionafterincorporationfeesprovideareliablesetofdatasecuritypolicies.3databasesecuritysituationintheprovinceShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystemoverview3.1database-tiersystems,managementsystems,branch-levelmanagementsystem,theprovincialnetworkcentresplitandtransfersystem,four-levelsystem.Eachsystemhasitsownseparatedataserverisusedtostoretheircollectionofpremiumbusinessdata,providethebasisforstatisticalanalysis.1,stand-levelserverstoragefeescollectedfromtolllanesflowingdataandpassonthissiteblessingKaku,cartridgeinformationwithinthissite,cardboxallocation,cartridgecombinationofinformationandfrequencyinformation.2,themainstorageserverserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataandthepassofblessingKaku,theinternalcartridgeinformation,reallocationofthecartridgeandcartridgecombination,personnelinformation,flightinformation,chargestheactualpaymentdataentrywork.3,Center-classserverstorageserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataWaterdataintegritycanbeupandrunning.Sowhenadatabaseserverfails,youdonotneedtopassdatatorecover,simplythroughthecollectionprocedureforchargingwaterdatacollectiontocompletethefastrecoveryofserverfailures.4.4analysissummarysummaryanalysis,lanebecauseitisnotacompletestationleveldata,sothereisnoneedfordedicatedbackup.Stand-levelserverdatabecauseitisatthefrontofthechargeasawhole,itsfaultdirectlyaffectstheexercisenormally,youneedacompleteoffsitebackupsolution.Management,anddatacenterserver,duetoitsoperationswithoutmanualdataentry,sojustusecommonartificialscheduledbackupscanbe.5solutionsinordertoensurethatwhentheserverafterahardwarefailover,backupdatawithoutchangesoronlyminorchangescanbequickandeasytroubleshootingofserverdatarecovery,you中铁电化局集团有限公司京石客专站房工程项目经理部，不断地通过小料斗、导管灌筑至水下，直至完成整根桩的浇筑。正常灌筑阶段保持导管埋深在2～4m范围，每次拆除导管1节，拆除导管后，导管底口的埋置深度不应小于2.0m。在混凝土灌筑的过程中应经常测量混凝土面标高，以确定导管埋深、拆除导管的时机。另外还应该在拆除导管之前询问搅拌站已经泵送至现场的混凝土理论方量，以便与现场根据实测标高计算的混凝土方量进行比较，防止出现差错。当混凝土灌筑临近结束时，再一次核对混凝土的灌入方量，以确定所测混凝土的高度是否准确，混凝土顶面标高到位后，停止灌筑，拆除灌筑导管。砼面标高控制在比设计桩顶标高（按设计要求每根桩桩顶伸入承台10cm）高2.0m以上，以保证桩头砼质量。现场浇注起重设备主要是吊车。在灌筑过程中，由混凝土置换出来的孔内泥浆经连通管引流至泥浆池中。在混凝土初凝前，用吊车拔出钢护筒。9.3水下混凝土灌注的注意事项(1)砼灌注前必须准备充足的砂、石料、水泥、外加剂等原材料；设备必须维修保养、调试运转，并备足够的易损件；集料斗每次灌注砼前均应清理干净。(2)浇筑前应按规范要求现场测试混凝土的各项性能指标，合格后方可进行混凝土浇筑（对于不合格的混凝土应运回搅拌站调整，调整合格后方可使用）。水下混凝土塌落度控制在18～22cm，含气量≥2.0，入模温度冬季施工不应低于10℃。严格控制进入料斗内砼的坍落度。坍落度太小，砼流动性差，易造成堵管；坍落度太大，砼容易泌水离析，也会造成堵管。发现砼有异常应停止灌注，处理不合格混凝土，同时查明原因处理后才能继续施工。(3)导管连接时，接头须清洗干净、涂上黄油，并加上密封圈，对于破损的密封圈进行调换，接头的螺纹要旋转到位，以防漏水。每次砼浇注拆管后应及时清洗导管，以免水泥砂浆附着凝固后下次浇注时造成堵管。(4)在灌注过程中，若发生意外而导致暂停，应不时地上下缓慢提升导管，以免导管埋置太深而提升不动或砼假凝而堵管。(5)needtoselectthereal-timesynchronizationmethodoftheprogramme.Typicallybackupsystemcomeswithbackupsolutionsshouldbepreferred.Ifthesystemcomeswithabackupplanifitcannotmeettherequirements,softwaredevelopmentmethodsisneeded.Orthird-partysoftwaresystemsareselectedforbackup.Becausethird-partybackupsoftwareisusuallypricedveryhigh,chargingunitsrequirehighprice,soforonlythefirsttwomethodsarestudiedbelow.5.1useMSSQL2000synchronizedbackupsofSQL2000databaseinthreeways,namelysnapshotreplication,transactionalreplicationandmergereplication.Bycomparison,excludingthefirsttwoprogrammes,selectsynchronizationtransactionalreplicationanddatabaseNothwinddatabase,forexample,fortesting.Thethreepartsofthemainconsiderationsinthesynchronizationofthedata,canbethoughtofasthreehosts.ThePublisher,Distributor,andSubscriber;canbeunderstoodfromtheliteralmeaning,functionisactuallyimplementedtokeepsubscribersthroughtheDistributordatatimelyandconsistentdataatthePublisher.1,aboutsnapshotreplicationtocopydatachangesinfrequently,orarenotrequiredtokeepthedatacurrentvalues(lowlatency),snapshotdataisoneofthebestmethodsofdatareplication.Whensynchronizationoccurs,completesnapshotisgeneratedandsenttotheSubscriber.Becausesnapshotreplicationbulkcopiesreleased(itemscollection)acompletecopy,itwillpublishallwritesmadetothesnapshotfolder.Projectistospecifythatyouwanttocopytables,datapartitioning,ordatabaseobjects.Projectscanbeafulltableandcertaincolumns(usingaverticalfilter),certainrows(usingahorizontalfilter),astoredprocedureorviewdefinition,thestoredprocedureexecution,view,indexed,view,oruser-definedfunction.Snapshotreplicationdoesnotmaintaindatathefastestreal-timeupdates,andthebulkcopyreleased(itemscollection)afullcopyofthemechanismwillgeneratealotofnetworktraffic.Onlysmallvolumesofreplicationused,dataisstaticanddoesnotneedtobeupdatedinrealtimedatabase.SodonotusesnapshotreplicationthesynchronizationmodeDatatable,addanewdatafieldMSrepl_tran_version,publishingsoftwaredependingonwhetherthecontentsofthisfieldchangestodeterminewhetheryouneedtopublishthedata.AndSQL2000dataismodifiedjudgingismanagedbythekernel,notforexternalprogramming.Suchasmodifythestructureoftheoriginaldatatable,adirectresultofrunninglanesandmanagementsoftwarethatdoesn"twork.DuetotheabovetestresultstoprovethatthisscenarioisnotsuitableasabackupmethodfornetworkingtollsysteminShaanxiProvince.5.2usingspeciallydevelopedbackupsoftwareaftertheabovetests,throughthesystem"ssubscriptions,publishmethodinShanxiprovinceunderthenetworkingsoftwaresyncbackup,demandcannotbemet,backupsoftwaresoIdecidedtouseforthedevelopmentofsynchronization,synchronizebackups.Asaresultofindependentdevelopment,ithasahighdegreeofflexibilityinbackup.Easierforseamlessintegrationwithexistingsystems.Backupsoftwaredevelopedforthesynchronization,youmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:inordertoensuresynchronousbackupsoftwarecanstartonWindowsstartup,andarenoteasilyshutdownbytheoperation,itshouldbedevelopedusingaWindowsservice.Synchronizebackupsoftwareisthesoftwarethatruns24hours,mustbeabletosteadyoperation.Inordertoreducenetworkbandwidthtothegreatestdegreeinthebackup,andonlyneedtobackupthetollingsystemgeneratesthenewdatatable.Thebackupsoftwareshouldbeabletoautomaticallyfiltertheaddnewdatainadatabasetable,andsynchronizedbackupsofdatathatmeetstheconditionsofform.FlagsfieldofthecurrentchargingsystemusingadedicatedTransferMark,anykindoftollsystemsoftwareafterchangingtherecord,bothonthefieldiszero,thisrecordhasbeenchangedtonotifyothersoftware.Usethisfieldasaflagtoidentifywhetherdatahaschanged.Inadditiontothisfield,-19- WiththeShaanxiExpresswaynetworkingtoll,tollextensionbusinessisnowweighingchargesforstoragechargesdatabasesecurityandbackupofbusinessdatahasbecomemoreprominent.Aftertwoyearsofoperation,moreandmoreawarenessoftheoperatingunitstodatabasestabilityissuesisaproblemnottobeignored.Simpleexamplessuchas:failureoftheserversanddatabases,generalmaintenanceandmanagementstaff,inmanycases,cannotbeindependentandquickrecovery,hadanimpactonproduction.Soweneedaproperdatabackupsolutions.Databaseisthecoreofthewholesystem,databasesecurityshouldpaymoreattention.Therefore,theformulationofappropriatedatabasebackupstrategy,istomaintaindatabasesecuritynormsaswellastheguidelines,tobackupthedataitneedsfromthetechnical,aswellasadministrativelyregulated.Indatasecurity,datasecuritystrategyistomaintaintheintegrity,confidentialityandavailabilityofinformation.Therefore,databasesecuritypolicywillfocusonthesethreepoints,includingphysicalsecurity,accesscontrol,databackupandemergencyresponse.Here,inthetollcollectionsystemintheprovinceusestheSQLServerdatabaseasanexampletoillustratetheideaofdevelopingitssecuritypolicy.1researchbackgroundofconstructionofnetworkedExpresswaytollcollectionsystemreducedthenumberofdriversvehiclesintheroadnetworkandimproveroadcapacity,reducingenvironmentalpollutionduetoparking,enhancetheeconomicbenefitsofHighwayandsocialimage.ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollbeganinMay2004,asofnowtherearemorethan200dataserver,asmoresectionsofgrid-connectedcharges,chargesdataasthecoreofthewholesystem,itisnecessarytoestablishasetofdatasecurityandreliablesolution.2purposethistimethroughtheanalysisofnetworkdatainserverhealth,ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystembasedondata,statisticalmethodsofdatastorage,dataresearch,originalchargeaspossiblesecurity,integrityandprivacyofdata.Fortheopeningsectionafterincorporationfeesprovideareliablesetofdatasecuritypolicies.3databasesecuritysituationintheprovinceShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystemoverview3.1database-tiersystems,managementsystems,branch-levelmanagementsystem,theprovincialnetworkcentresplitandtransfersystem,four-levelsystem.Eachsystemhasitsownseparatedataserverisusedtostoretheircollectionofpremiumbusinessdata,providethebasisforstatisticalanalysis.1,stand-levelserverstoragefeescollectedfromtolllanesflowingdataandpassonthissiteblessingKaku,cartridgeinformationwithinthissite,cardboxallocation,cartridgecombinationofinformationandfrequencyinformation.2,themainstorageserverserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataandthepassofblessingKaku,theinternalcartridgeinformation,reallocationofthecartridgeandcartridgecombination,personnelinformation,flightinformation,chargestheactualpaymentdataentrywork.3,Center-classserverstorageserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataWaterdataintegritycanbeupandrunning.Sowhenadatabaseserverfails,youdonotneedtopassdatatorecover,simplythroughthecollectionprocedureforchargingwaterdatacollectiontocompletethefastrecoveryofserverfailures.4.4analysissummarysummaryanalysis,lanebecauseitisnotacompletestationleveldata,sothereisnoneedfordedicatedbackup.Stand-levelserverdatabecauseitisatthefrontofthechargeasawhole,itsfaultdirectlyaffectstheexercisenormally,youneedacompleteoffsitebackupsolution.Management,anddatacenterserver,duetoitsoperationswithoutmanualdataentry,sojustusecommonartificialscheduledbackupscanbe.5solutionsinordertoensurethatwhentheserverafterahardwarefailover,backupdatawithoutchangesoronlyminorchangescanbequickandeasytroubleshootingofserverdatarecovery,you中铁电化局集团有限公司京石客专站房工程项目经理部认真监测砼面上升高度、导管埋深，并和已灌入的砼数量校核，以便确定扩孔率或砼面上升是否正常。(6)在混凝土浇筑过程中设置导流槽将孔内混凝土置换出来的泥浆引入泥浆池内，防止泥浆溢出对周围环境造成污染。在混凝土浇筑完成后及时对孔口遮盖或在混凝土初凝后对孔口回填，防止工人掉进孔内。10、桩基质量检测(1)钻孔桩桩身完整性由小应变检测，检测数量不少于总桩数20%。(2)每根桩作混凝土检查试件组数按照规范要求制作试件、养护及试件试压。第六章质量控制第一节桩施工开工前必须进行施工方案论证和工艺研讨。钻孔施工中严格按照钻孔桩施工工艺和有关规范的要求执行。桩的质量检测满足设计要求，由第三方检测单位进行无损检测最终判定质量状况。检测方法按照铁道部现行《铁路工程基桩无损检测规程》（TB10218）的规定实施。①严格控制钻孔桩的垂直度在钻机就位时将其调整平整、垂直，在钻进过程中作必要的检测，特别是钻进过程中碰到孤石、坚土时及时复查。②严格控制钻孔桩的孔径做好地质观测，根据地质情况及时调整泥浆比重，孔内水位必须高出地下水位1mneedtoselectthereal-timesynchronizationmethodoftheprogramme.Typicallybackupsystemcomeswithbackupsolutionsshouldbepreferred.Ifthesystemcomeswithabackupplanifitcannotmeettherequirements,softwaredevelopmentmethodsisneeded.Orthird-partysoftwaresystemsareselectedforbackup.Becausethird-partybackupsoftwareisusuallypricedveryhigh,chargingunitsrequirehighprice,soforonlythefirsttwomethodsarestudiedbelow.5.1useMSSQL2000synchronizedbackupsofSQL2000databaseinthreeways,namelysnapshotreplication,transactionalreplicationandmergereplication.Bycomparison,excludingthefirsttwoprogrammes,selectsynchronizationtransactionalreplicationanddatabaseNothwinddatabase,forexample,fortesting.Thethreepartsofthemainconsiderationsinthesynchronizationofthedata,canbethoughtofasthreehosts.ThePublisher,Distributor,andSubscriber;canbeunderstoodfromtheliteralmeaning,functionisactuallyimplementedtokeepsubscribersthroughtheDistributordatatimelyandconsistentdataatthePublisher.1,aboutsnapshotreplicationtocopydatachangesinfrequently,orarenotrequiredtokeepthedatacurrentvalues(lowlatency),snapshotdataisoneofthebestmethodsofdatareplication.Whensynchronizationoccurs,completesnapshotisgeneratedandsenttotheSubscriber.Becausesnapshotreplicationbulkcopiesreleased(itemscollection)acompletecopy,itwillpublishallwritesmadetothesnapshotfolder.Projectistospecifythatyouwanttocopytables,datapartitioning,ordatabaseobjects.Projectscanbeafulltableandcertaincolumns(usingaverticalfilter),certainrows(usingahorizontalfilter),astoredprocedureorviewdefinition,thestoredprocedureexecution,view,indexed,view,oruser-definedfunction.Snapshotreplicationdoesnotmaintaindatathefastestreal-timeupdates,andthebulkcopyreleased(itemscollection)afullcopyofthemechanismwillgeneratealotofnetworktraffic.Onlysmallvolumesofreplicationused,dataisstaticanddoesnotneedtobeupdatedinrealtimedatabase.SodonotusesnapshotreplicationthesynchronizationmodeDatatable,addanewdatafieldMSrepl_tran_version,publishingsoftwaredependingonwhetherthecontentsofthisfieldchangestodeterminewhetheryouneedtopublishthedata.AndSQL2000dataismodifiedjudgingismanagedbythekernel,notforexternalprogramming.Suchasmodifythestructureoftheoriginaldatatable,adirectresultofrunninglanesandmanagementsoftwarethatdoesn"twork.DuetotheabovetestresultstoprovethatthisscenarioisnotsuitableasabackupmethodfornetworkingtollsysteminShaanxiProvince.5.2usingspeciallydevelopedbackupsoftwareaftertheabovetests,throughthesystem"ssubscriptions,publishmethodinShanxiprovinceunderthenetworkingsoftwaresyncbackup,demandcannotbemet,backupsoftwaresoIdecidedtouseforthedevelopmentofsynchronization,synchronizebackups.Asaresultofindependentdevelopment,ithasahighdegreeofflexibilityinbackup.Easierforseamlessintegrationwithexistingsystems.Backupsoftwaredevelopedforthesynchronization,youmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:inordertoensuresynchronousbackupsoftwarecanstartonWindowsstartup,andarenoteasilyshutdownbytheoperation,itshouldbedevelopedusingaWindowsservice.Synchronizebackupsoftwareisthesoftwarethatruns24hours,mustbeabletosteadyoperation.Inordertoreducenetworkbandwidthtothegreatestdegreeinthebackup,andonlyneedtobackupthetollingsystemgeneratesthenewdatatable.Thebackupsoftwareshouldbeabletoautomaticallyfiltertheaddnewdatainadatabasetable,andsynchronizedbackupsofdatathatmeetstheconditionsofform.FlagsfieldofthecurrentchargingsystemusingadedicatedTransferMark,anykindoftollsystemsoftwareafterchangingtherecord,bothonthefieldiszero,thisrecordhasbeenchangedtonotifyothersoftware.Usethisfieldasaflagtoidentifywhetherdatahaschanged.Inadditiontothisfield,-19- WiththeShaanxiExpresswaynetworkingtoll,tollextensionbusinessisnowweighingchargesforstoragechargesdatabasesecurityandbackupofbusinessdatahasbecomemoreprominent.Aftertwoyearsofoperation,moreandmoreawarenessoftheoperatingunitstodatabasestabilityissuesisaproblemnottobeignored.Simpleexamplessuchas:failureoftheserversanddatabases,generalmaintenanceandmanagementstaff,inmanycases,cannotbeindependentandquickrecovery,hadanimpactonproduction.Soweneedaproperdatabackupsolutions.Databaseisthecoreofthewholesystem,databasesecurityshouldpaymoreattention.Therefore,theformulationofappropriatedatabasebackupstrategy,istomaintaindatabasesecuritynormsaswellastheguidelines,tobackupthedataitneedsfromthetechnical,aswellasadministrativelyregulated.Indatasecurity,datasecuritystrategyistomaintaintheintegrity,confidentialityandavailabilityofinformation.Therefore,databasesecuritypolicywillfocusonthesethreepoints,includingphysicalsecurity,accesscontrol,databackupandemergencyresponse.Here,inthetollcollectionsystemintheprovinceusestheSQLServerdatabaseasanexampletoillustratetheideaofdevelopingitssecuritypolicy.1researchbackgroundofconstructionofnetworkedExpresswaytollcollectionsystemreducedthenumberofdriversvehiclesintheroadnetworkandimproveroadcapacity,reducingenvironmentalpollutionduetoparking,enhancetheeconomicbenefitsofHighwayandsocialimage.ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollbeganinMay2004,asofnowtherearemorethan200dataserver,asmoresectionsofgrid-connectedcharges,chargesdataasthecoreofthewholesystem,itisnecessarytoestablishasetofdatasecurityandreliablesolution.2purposethistimethroughtheanalysisofnetworkdatainserverhealth,ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystembasedondata,statisticalmethodsofdatastorage,dataresearch,originalchargeaspossiblesecurity,integrityandprivacyofdata.Fortheopeningsectionafterincorporationfeesprovideareliablesetofdatasecuritypolicies.3databasesecuritysituationintheprovinceShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystemoverview3.1database-tiersystems,managementsystems,branch-levelmanagementsystem,theprovincialnetworkcentresplitandtransfersystem,four-levelsystem.Eachsystemhasitsownseparatedataserverisusedtostoretheircollectionofpremiumbusinessdata,providethebasisforstatisticalanalysis.1,stand-levelserverstoragefeescollectedfromtolllanesflowingdataandpassonthissiteblessingKaku,cartridgeinformationwithinthissite,cardboxallocation,cartridgecombinationofinformationandfrequencyinformation.2,themainstorageserverserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataandthepassofblessingKaku,theinternalcartridgeinformation,reallocationofthecartridgeandcartridgecombination,personnelinformation,flightinformation,chargestheactualpaymentdataentrywork.3,Center-classserverstorageserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataWaterdataintegritycanbeupandrunning.Sowhenadatabaseserverfails,youdonotneedtopassdatatorecover,simplythroughthecollectionprocedureforchargingwaterdatacollectiontocompletethefastrecoveryofserverfailures.4.4analysissummarysummaryanalysis,lanebecauseitisnotacompletestationleveldata,sothereisnoneedfordedicatedbackup.Stand-levelserverdatabecauseitisatthefrontofthechargeasawhole,itsfaultdirectlyaffectstheexercisenormally,youneedacompleteoffsitebackupsolution.Management,anddatacenterserver,duetoitsoperationswithoutmanualdataentry,sojustusecommonartificialscheduledbackupscanbe.5solutionsinordertoensurethatwhentheserverafterahardwarefailover,backupdatawithoutchangesoronlyminorchangescanbequickandeasytroubleshootingofserverdatarecovery,you中铁电化局集团有限公司京石客专站房工程项目经理部以上，防止孔壁坍塌。施工过程中加强对钻锥的磨损情况进行检查，并及时给予补焊。当因地层中有遇水膨胀的软土、粘土泥岩时使用失水率小的优质泥浆护壁。已发生缩孔时宜在该处用钻锥上下反复扫孔，以扩大孔径。③确保钻孔桩的地基承载力桩基施工做地质补充勘探，确定承桩端的持力层，复核桩长。成孔检查时从设计深度、钻速及浮渣取样的情况来综合判定地基承载力是否满足要求。减少对摩擦桩周边土体的扰动，缩短成孔时间，确保摩擦桩的承载力。④做好清孔工作旋挖钻或回旋钻钻进至设计终孔标高后，将钻斗留在原处继续旋转数圈，将孔底虚土尽量装入斗内进行清孔，旋转钻采用吸碴法进行清孔。桩底第一盘混凝土即浇筑前对孔底沉碴厚度进行复查、采用吸碴、高压喷射泥浆或射水冲击桩底等方法进行二次清孔，确保沉碴厚度小于规范要求。⑤水下混凝土灌注质量保证措施水下砼采用导管法灌筑。导管直径为25～30cm的钢制导管，导管不漏浆，组拼后作水密和抗拉试验。混凝土的配制强度高于一般情况10～20%。胶凝材料用量不宜小于350kg/m3,混凝土的初凝时间不宜小于2h;水下砼的坍落度控制在18～22cm。灌筑中，保持导管底端埋入砼的深度1～3m范围。水下混凝土浇筑不得中途间歇。施工中若发生断桩或施工误差，其处理记录必须完整、有效。灌筑过程中，用测锤(或测绳)检测灌筑砼面的标高及导管的埋深。第二节钢筋①材料进场每批钢筋，附有批号、炉罐号、出厂合格证，以及有关材质、力学性能试验资料等质量证明资料。到工地的每批钢筋按规范要求进行抽样试验，所有试验符合有关标准的规定。钢筋按不同品种、等级、牌号、规格及生产厂家分批验收，分别堆放。needtoselectthereal-timesynchronizationmethodoftheprogramme.Typicallybackupsystemcomeswithbackupsolutionsshouldbepreferred.Ifthesystemcomeswithabackupplanifitcannotmeettherequirements,softwaredevelopmentmethodsisneeded.Orthird-partysoftwaresystemsareselectedforbackup.Becausethird-partybackupsoftwareisusuallypricedveryhigh,chargingunitsrequirehighprice,soforonlythefirsttwomethodsarestudiedbelow.5.1useMSSQL2000synchronizedbackupsofSQL2000databaseinthreeways,namelysnapshotreplication,transactionalreplicationandmergereplication.Bycomparison,excludingthefirsttwoprogrammes,selectsynchronizationtransactionalreplicationanddatabaseNothwinddatabase,forexample,fortesting.Thethreepartsofthemainconsiderationsinthesynchronizationofthedata,canbethoughtofasthreehosts.ThePublisher,Distributor,andSubscriber;canbeunderstoodfromtheliteralmeaning,functionisactuallyimplementedtokeepsubscribersthroughtheDistributordatatimelyandconsistentdataatthePublisher.1,aboutsnapshotreplicationtocopydatachangesinfrequently,orarenotrequiredtokeepthedatacurrentvalues(lowlatency),snapshotdataisoneofthebestmethodsofdatareplication.Whensynchronizationoccurs,completesnapshotisgeneratedandsenttotheSubscriber.Becausesnapshotreplicationbulkcopiesreleased(itemscollection)acompletecopy,itwillpublishallwritesmadetothesnapshotfolder.Projectistospecifythatyouwanttocopytables,datapartitioning,ordatabaseobjects.Projectscanbeafulltableandcertaincolumns(usingaverticalfilter),certainrows(usingahorizontalfilter),astoredprocedureorviewdefinition,thestoredprocedureexecution,view,indexed,view,oruser-definedfunction.Snapshotreplicationdoesnotmaintaindatathefastestreal-timeupdates,andthebulkcopyreleased(itemscollection)afullcopyofthemechanismwillgeneratealotofnetworktraffic.Onlysmallvolumesofreplicationused,dataisstaticanddoesnotneedtobeupdatedinrealtimedatabase.SodonotusesnapshotreplicationthesynchronizationmodeDatatable,addanewdatafieldMSrepl_tran_version,publishingsoftwaredependingonwhetherthecontentsofthisfieldchangestodeterminewhetheryouneedtopublishthedata.AndSQL2000dataismodifiedjudgingismanagedbythekernel,notforexternalprogramming.Suchasmodifythestructureoftheoriginaldatatable,adirectresultofrunninglanesandmanagementsoftwarethatdoesn"twork.DuetotheabovetestresultstoprovethatthisscenarioisnotsuitableasabackupmethodfornetworkingtollsysteminShaanxiProvince.5.2usingspeciallydevelopedbackupsoftwareaftertheabovetests,throughthesystem"ssubscriptions,publishmethodinShanxiprovinceunderthenetworkingsoftwaresyncbackup,demandcannotbemet,backupsoftwaresoIdecidedtouseforthedevelopmentofsynchronization,synchronizebackups.Asaresultofindependentdevelopment,ithasahighdegreeofflexibilityinbackup.Easierforseamlessintegrationwithexistingsystems.Backupsoftwaredevelopedforthesynchronization,youmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:inordertoensuresynchronousbackupsoftwarecanstartonWindowsstartup,andarenoteasilyshutdownbytheoperation,itshouldbedevelopedusingaWindowsservice.Synchronizebackupsoftwareisthesoftwarethatruns24hours,mustbeabletosteadyoperation.Inordertoreducenetworkbandwidthtothegreatestdegreeinthebackup,andonlyneedtobackupthetollingsystemgeneratesthenewdatatable.Thebackupsoftwareshouldbeabletoautomaticallyfiltertheaddnewdatainadatabasetable,andsynchronizedbackupsofdatathatmeetstheconditionsofform.FlagsfieldofthecurrentchargingsystemusingadedicatedTransferMark,anykindoftollsystemsoftwareafterchangingtherecord,bothonthefieldiszero,thisrecordhasbeenchangedtonotifyothersoftware.Usethisfieldasaflagtoidentifywhetherdatahaschanged.Inadditiontothisfield,-19- WiththeShaanxiExpresswaynetworkingtoll,tollextensionbusinessisnowweighingchargesforstoragechargesdatabasesecurityandbackupofbusinessdatahasbecomemoreprominent.Aftertwoyearsofoperation,moreandmoreawarenessoftheoperatingunitstodatabasestabilityissuesisaproblemnottobeignored.Simpleexamplessuchas:failureoftheserversanddatabases,generalmaintenanceandmanagementstaff,inmanycases,cannotbeindependentandquickrecovery,hadanimpactonproduction.Soweneedaproperdatabackupsolutions.Databaseisthecoreofthewholesystem,databasesecurityshouldpaymoreattention.Therefore,theformulationofappropriatedatabasebackupstrategy,istomaintaindatabasesecuritynormsaswellastheguidelines,tobackupthedataitneedsfromthetechnical,aswellasadministrativelyregulated.Indatasecurity,datasecuritystrategyistomaintaintheintegrity,confidentialityandavailabilityofinformation.Therefore,databasesecuritypolicywillfocusonthesethreepoints,includingphysicalsecurity,accesscontrol,databackupandemergencyresponse.Here,inthetollcollectionsystemintheprovinceusestheSQLServerdatabaseasanexampletoillustratetheideaofdevelopingitssecuritypolicy.1researchbackgroundofconstructionofnetworkedExpresswaytollcollectionsystemreducedthenumberofdriversvehiclesintheroadnetworkandimproveroadcapacity,reducingenvironmentalpollutionduetoparking,enhancetheeconomicbenefitsofHighwayandsocialimage.ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollbeganinMay2004,asofnowtherearemorethan200dataserver,asmoresectionsofgrid-connectedcharges,chargesdataasthecoreofthewholesystem,itisnecessarytoestablishasetofdatasecurityandreliablesolution.2purposethistimethroughtheanalysisofnetworkdatainserverhealth,ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystembasedondata,statisticalmethodsofdatastorage,dataresearch,originalchargeaspossiblesecurity,integrityandprivacyofdata.Fortheopeningsectionafterincorporationfeesprovideareliablesetofdatasecuritypolicies.3databasesecuritysituationintheprovinceShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystemoverview3.1database-tiersystems,managementsystems,branch-levelmanagementsystem,theprovincialnetworkcentresplitandtransfersystem,four-levelsystem.Eachsystemhasitsownseparatedataserverisusedtostoretheircollectionofpremiumbusinessdata,providethebasisforstatisticalanalysis.1,stand-levelserverstoragefeescollectedfromtolllanesflowingdataandpassonthissiteblessingKaku,cartridgeinformationwithinthissite,cardboxallocation,cartridgecombinationofinformationandfrequencyinformation.2,themainstorageserverserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataandthepassofblessingKaku,theinternalcartridgeinformation,reallocationofthecartridgeandcartridgecombination,personnelinformation,flightinformation,chargestheactualpaymentdataentrywork.3,Center-classserverstorageserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataWaterdataintegritycanbeupandrunning.Sowhenadatabaseserverfails,youdonotneedtopassdatatorecover,simplythroughthecollectionprocedureforchargingwaterdatacollectiontocompletethefastrecoveryofserverfailures.4.4analysissummarysummaryanalysis,lanebecauseitisnotacompletestationleveldata,sothereisnoneedfordedicatedbackup.Stand-levelserverdatabecauseitisatthefrontofthechargeasawhole,itsfaultdirectlyaffectstheexercisenormally,youneedacompleteoffsitebackupsolution.Management,anddatacenterserver,duetoitsoperationswithoutmanualdataentry,sojustusecommonartificialscheduledbackupscanbe.5solutionsinordertoensurethatwhentheserverafterahardwarefailover,backupdatawithoutchangesoronlyminorchangescanbequickandeasytroubleshootingofserverdatarecovery,you中铁电化局集团有限公司京石客专站房工程项目经理部②钢筋加工钢筋的加工、绑扎、焊接以及安装严格按图纸中的尺寸、位置以及规范要求的质量标准进行。③隐蔽检查钢筋规格、数量符合设计要求，绑扎要符合设计和规范要求，经监理工程师检查签认后方可入孔灌注砼。第七章冬施工期保证措施桩施工期间处于冬施阶段，注意以下问题：详细制定工程防寒保温、防滑保稳、防冻害施工方案，从设施、环境上按安全度冬的要求配置，切实做好保温、防冻等安全措施。为预防气温的突然下降，避免工程遭受冻害，在冬期施工前后时间，随时注意天气变化，及时采取防冻措施，预先做好各项准备工作。钢筋、骨料采取覆盖措施，防止霜、雪、雨对原材料的影响。要求商混站混凝土拌合时，各项材料的温度必须满足混凝土拌合所需的温度，如达不到拌合温度，必要时需对材料分别进行加热，材料加热的温度满足规范要求。并在混凝土输送车罐体包裹保温以保证出罐温度。做好气象预报收听，收集气象资料，做好预防工作；机械设备注意在停机时放水，确保设备不被冻坏，保证后续施工。尽量缩短夜间施工时间，保证夜间施工人员有足够的睡眠，避免作业人员出现疲劳状态和发生不必要的质量、安全事故。加强夜间施工照明设施，保证现场有足够的照明。加强施工现场指挥力量，派专人统一指挥。运输车辆及其它行驶的施工机械，夜间谨慎行车，确保安全。交叉道口加强防护，并设明显警示标志。needtoselectthereal-timesynchronizationmethodoftheprogramme.Typicallybackupsystemcomeswithbackupsolutionsshouldbepreferred.Ifthesystemcomeswithabackupplanifitcannotmeettherequirements,softwaredevelopmentmethodsisneeded.Orthird-partysoftwaresystemsareselectedforbackup.Becausethird-partybackupsoftwareisusuallypricedveryhigh,chargingunitsrequirehighprice,soforonlythefirsttwomethodsarestudiedbelow.5.1useMSSQL2000synchronizedbackupsofSQL2000databaseinthreeways,namelysnapshotreplication,transactionalreplicationandmergereplication.Bycomparison,excludingthefirsttwoprogrammes,selectsynchronizationtransactionalreplicationanddatabaseNothwinddatabase,forexample,fortesting.Thethreepartsofthemainconsiderationsinthesynchronizationofthedata,canbethoughtofasthreehosts.ThePublisher,Distributor,andSubscriber;canbeunderstoodfromtheliteralmeaning,functionisactuallyimplementedtokeepsubscribersthroughtheDistributordatatimelyandconsistentdataatthePublisher.1,aboutsnapshotreplicationtocopydatachangesinfrequently,orarenotrequiredtokeepthedatacurrentvalues(lowlatency),snapshotdataisoneofthebestmethodsofdatareplication.Whensynchronizationoccurs,completesnapshotisgeneratedandsenttotheSubscriber.Becausesnapshotreplicationbulkcopiesreleased(itemscollection)acompletecopy,itwillpublishallwritesmadetothesnapshotfolder.Projectistospecifythatyouwanttocopytables,datapartitioning,ordatabaseobjects.Projectscanbeafulltableandcertaincolumns(usingaverticalfilter),certainrows(usingahorizontalfilter),astoredprocedureorviewdefinition,thestoredprocedureexecution,view,indexed,view,oruser-definedfunction.Snapshotreplicationdoesnotmaintaindatathefastestreal-timeupdates,andthebulkcopyreleased(itemscollection)afullcopyofthemechanismwillgeneratealotofnetworktraffic.Onlysmallvolumesofreplicationused,dataisstaticanddoesnotneedtobeupdatedinrealtimedatabase.SodonotusesnapshotreplicationthesynchronizationmodeDatatable,addanewdatafieldMSrepl_tran_version,publishingsoftwaredependingonwhetherthecontentsofthisfieldchangestodeterminewhetheryouneedtopublishthedata.AndSQL2000dataismodifiedjudgingismanagedbythekernel,notforexternalprogramming.Suchasmodifythestructureoftheoriginaldatatable,adirectresultofrunninglanesandmanagementsoftwarethatdoesn"twork.DuetotheabovetestresultstoprovethatthisscenarioisnotsuitableasabackupmethodfornetworkingtollsysteminShaanxiProvince.5.2usingspeciallydevelopedbackupsoftwareaftertheabovetests,throughthesystem"ssubscriptions,publishmethodinShanxiprovinceunderthenetworkingsoftwaresyncbackup,demandcannotbemet,backupsoftwaresoIdecidedtouseforthedevelopmentofsynchronization,synchronizebackups.Asaresultofindependentdevelopment,ithasahighdegreeofflexibilityinbackup.Easierforseamlessintegrationwithexistingsystems.Backupsoftwaredevelopedforthesynchronization,youmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:inordertoensuresynchronousbackupsoftwarecanstartonWindowsstartup,andarenoteasilyshutdownbytheoperation,itshouldbedevelopedusingaWindowsservice.Synchronizebackupsoftwareisthesoftwarethatruns24hours,mustbeabletosteadyoperation.Inordertoreducenetworkbandwidthtothegreatestdegreeinthebackup,andonlyneedtobackupthetollingsystemgeneratesthenewdatatable.Thebackupsoftwareshouldbeabletoautomaticallyfiltertheaddnewdatainadatabasetable,andsynchronizedbackupsofdatathatmeetstheconditionsofform.FlagsfieldofthecurrentchargingsystemusingadedicatedTransferMark,anykindoftollsystemsoftwareafterchangingtherecord,bothonthefieldiszero,thisrecordhasbeenchangedtonotifyothersoftware.Usethisfieldasaflagtoidentifywhetherdatahaschanged.Inadditiontothisfield,-19- WiththeShaanxiExpresswaynetworkingtoll,tollextensionbusinessisnowweighingchargesforstoragechargesdatabasesecurityandbackupofbusinessdatahasbecomemoreprominent.Aftertwoyearsofoperation,moreandmoreawarenessoftheoperatingunitstodatabasestabilityissuesisaproblemnottobeignored.Simpleexamplessuchas:failureoftheserversanddatabases,generalmaintenanceandmanagementstaff,inmanycases,cannotbeindependentandquickrecovery,hadanimpactonproduction.Soweneedaproperdatabackupsolutions.Databaseisthecoreofthewholesystem,databasesecurityshouldpaymoreattention.Therefore,theformulationofappropriatedatabasebackupstrategy,istomaintaindatabasesecuritynormsaswellastheguidelines,tobackupthedataitneedsfromthetechnical,aswellasadministrativelyregulated.Indatasecurity,datasecuritystrategyistomaintaintheintegrity,confidentialityandavailabilityofinformation.Therefore,databasesecuritypolicywillfocusonthesethreepoints,includingphysicalsecurity,accesscontrol,databackupandemergencyresponse.Here,inthetollcollectionsystemintheprovinceusestheSQLServerdatabaseasanexampletoillustratetheideaofdevelopingitssecuritypolicy.1researchbackgroundofconstructionofnetworkedExpresswaytollcollectionsystemreducedthenumberofdriversvehiclesintheroadnetworkandimproveroadcapacity,reducingenvironmentalpollutionduetoparking,enhancetheeconomicbenefitsofHighwayandsocialimage.ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollbeganinMay2004,asofnowtherearemorethan200dataserver,asmoresectionsofgrid-connectedcharges,chargesdataasthecoreofthewholesystem,itisnecessarytoestablishasetofdatasecurityandreliablesolution.2purposethistimethroughtheanalysisofnetworkdatainserverhealth,ShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystembasedondata,statisticalmethodsofdatastorage,dataresearch,originalchargeaspossiblesecurity,integrityandprivacyofdata.Fortheopeningsectionafterincorporationfeesprovideareliablesetofdatasecuritypolicies.3databasesecuritysituationintheprovinceShaanxiProvincialExpresswaynetworkingtollsystemoverview3.1database-tiersystems,managementsystems,branch-levelmanagementsystem,theprovincialnetworkcentresplitandtransfersystem,four-levelsystem.Eachsystemhasitsownseparatedataserverisusedtostoretheircollectionofpremiumbusinessdata,providethebasisforstatisticalanalysis.1,stand-levelserverstoragefeescollectedfromtolllanesflowingdataandpassonthissiteblessingKaku,cartridgeinformationwithinthissite,cardboxallocation,cartridgecombinationofinformationandfrequencyinformation.2,themainstorageserverserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataandthepassofblessingKaku,theinternalcartridgeinformation,reallocationofthecartridgeandcartridgecombination,personnelinformation,flightinformation,chargestheactualpaymentdataentrywork.3,Center-classserverstorageserverchargescollectedwaterfromunderthejurisdictionofthestationdataWaterdataintegritycanbeupandrunning.Sowhenadatabaseserverfails,youdonotneedtopassdatatorecover,simplythroughthecollectionprocedureforchargingwaterdatacollectiontocompletethefastrecoveryofserverfailures.4.4analysissummarysummaryanalysis,lanebecauseitisnotacompletestationleveldata,sothereisnoneedfordedicatedbackup.Stand-levelserverdatabecauseitisatthefrontofthechargeasawhole,itsfaultdirectlyaffectstheexercisenormally,youneedacompleteoffsitebackupsolution.Management,anddatacenterserver,duetoitsoperationswithoutmanualdataentry,sojustusecommonartificialscheduledbackupscanbe.5solutionsinordertoensurethatwhentheserverafterahardwarefailover,backupdatawithoutchangesoronlyminorchangescanbequickandeasytroubleshootingofserverdatarecovery,you中铁电化局集团有限公司京石客专站房工程项目经理部第八章安全文明施工第一节安全施工①施工人员必须经过专业培训并配有相应上岗证件。②桩机施工及吊车吊装时现场有专人负责指挥。③焊接设备必须有地线连接，电源必须有漏保装置，电线不得私拉乱接。④桩完成浇筑后需要围挡保护，泥浆池也需布置围挡。第二节文明施工①做到现场布局合理，施工组织有序，材料堆码整齐，设备停放有序，标识标志醒目，环境整洁干净，实现施工现场标准化、规范化管理。②渣土可根据现场情形就地处理或倒运。③随时注意泥浆池内泥浆，安排泥浆车倒运以防溢出污染场地。needtoselectthereal-timesynchronizationmethodoftheprogramme.Typicallybackupsystemcomeswithbackupsolutionsshouldbepreferred.Ifthesystemcomeswithabackupplanifitcannotmeettherequirements,softwaredevelopmentmethodsisneeded.Orthird-partysoftwaresystemsareselectedforbackup.Becausethird-partybackupsoftwareisusuallypricedveryhigh,chargingunitsrequirehighprice,soforonlythefirsttwomethodsarestudiedbelow.5.1useMSSQL2000synchronizedbackupsofSQL2000databaseinthreeways,namelysnapshotreplication,transactionalreplicationandmergereplication.Bycomparison,excludingthefirsttwoprogrammes,selectsynchronizationtransactionalreplicationanddatabaseNothwinddatabase,forexample,fortesting.Thethreepartsofthemainconsiderationsinthesynchronizationofthedata,canbethoughtofasthreehosts.ThePublisher,Distributor,andSubscriber;canbeunderstoodfromtheliteralmeaning,functionisactuallyimplementedtokeepsubscribersthroughtheDistributordatatimelyandconsistentdataatthePublisher.1,aboutsnapshotreplicationtocopydatachangesinfrequently,orarenotrequiredtokeepthedatacurrentvalues(lowlatency),snapshotdataisoneofthebestmethodsofdatareplication.Whensynchronizationoccurs,completesnapshotisgeneratedandsenttotheSubscriber.Becausesnapshotreplicationbulkcopiesreleased(itemscollection)acompletecopy,itwillpublishallwritesmadetothesnapshotfolder.Projectistospecifythatyouwanttocopytables,datapartitioning,ordatabaseobjects.Projectscanbeafulltableandcertaincolumns(usingaverticalfilter),certainrows(usingahorizontalfilter),astoredprocedureorviewdefinition,thestoredprocedureexecution,view,indexed,view,oruser-definedfunction.Snapshotreplicationdoesnotmaintaindatathefastestreal-timeupdates,andthebulkcopyreleased(itemscollection)afullcopyofthemechanismwillgeneratealotofnetworktraffic.Onlysmallvolumesofreplicationused,dataisstaticanddoesnotneedtobeupdatedinrealtimedatabase.SodonotusesnapshotreplicationthesynchronizationmodeDatatable,addanewdatafieldMSrepl_tran_version,publishingsoftwaredependingonwhetherthecontentsofthisfieldchangestodeterminewhetheryouneedtopublishthedata.AndSQL2000dataismodifiedjudgingismanagedbythekernel,notforexternalprogramming.Suchasmodifythestructureoftheoriginaldatatable,adirectresultofrunninglanesandmanagementsoftwarethatdoesn"twork.DuetotheabovetestresultstoprovethatthisscenarioisnotsuitableasabackupmethodfornetworkingtollsysteminShaanxiProvince.5.2usingspeciallydevelopedbackupsoftwareaftertheabovetests,throughthesystem"ssubscriptions,publishmethodinShanxiprovinceunderthenetworkingsoftwaresyncbackup,demandcannotbemet,backupsoftwaresoIdecidedtouseforthedevelopmentofsynchronization,synchronizebackups.Asaresultofindependentdevelopment,ithasahighdegreeofflexibilityinbackup.Easierforseamlessintegrationwithexistingsystems.Backupsoftwaredevelopedforthesynchronization,youmustmeetthefollowingrequirements:inordertoensuresynchronousbackupsoftwarecanstartonWindowsstartup,andarenoteasilyshutdownbytheoperation,itshouldbedevelopedusingaWindowsservice.Synchronizebackupsoftwareisthesoftwarethatruns24hours,mustbeabletosteadyoperation.Inordertoreducenetworkbandwidthtothegreatestdegreeinthebackup,andonlyneedtobackupthetollingsystemgeneratesthenewdatatable.Thebackupsoftwareshouldbeabletoautomaticallyfiltertheaddnewdatainadatabasetable,andsynchronizedbackupsofdatathatmeetstheconditionsofform.FlagsfieldofthecurrentchargingsystemusingadedicatedTransferMark,anykindoftollsystemsoftwareafterchangingtherecord,bothonthefieldiszero,thisrecordhasbeenchangedtonotifyothersoftware.Usethisfieldasaflagtoidentifywhetherdatahaschanged.Inadditiontothisfield,-19-'