静电地板施工工法

'防静电地板施工工法四川电力送变电建设公司张成进1.前言在变电站通讯设备和继电器室，为了防止静电对各种保护设备的影响，采用防静电地板作为通讯和继电器室的地坪。通过多个变电站的静电地板施工经验积累形成了变电站防静电地板施工工法。2.工法特点2.1利用防静电地板的架空活动空间进行电缆展放，在有利保护设备运行的环境下，保持通讯和继电器室的美观。2.2采用防静电地板代替原砼地板妥善地解决了静电对各种保护设备和通讯的影响。2.3将轻型防静电地板代替原地板，减小地板自重。3.适用范围变电站（换流站）要求防静电的房间，如：通讯、继电器室、控制室。4.工艺原理采用在地板上安装支座及桁梁，用吸板器在组装好的桁梁上放置活动地板的工艺，满足防静电性能和充分的地板下走线空间。5.施工工艺流程及操作要点5.1施工工艺流程施工准备→拉水平线→弹出安装支座的网络格线→将支座摆到地面网格线的十字交点处→调整安装支座到同一需要的高度→用安装螺钉将桁梁固定到支座上→放置活动地板→调整地板。如图图5.2-1。5.2操作要点5.2.1认真检查地面平整度及墙面垂直度，如发现有需要局部改造，应在静电地板施工前进行；5.2.2拉水平线，并将地板安装高度用墨线弹到墙面上，保证铺设后的地板在同一水平内；dslopetofacilitateemptying.(1)duringtheexcavationprocess,feelfreetocheckthestatusofsideslope,verticaldigdepthisgreaterthan1.5M,accordingtothechangesofsoil,excavation(Groove)ortrenchsupportpreparation,topreventcollapse.(2)excavation(Groove)andwhenthetrenchshouldnotdigtothedesignheightofthefollowing,ifnotexactlydiggingbaseelevationistodesign,persistenceofelevationabovealayerofsoilisnotdug,tocopyafterpingdugoutbyhand.(3)mechanicalconstructiondigintotheEarth,diggingmanualatanytime,andtrolleystotransportEarthmachinerytodigtheplace,soastousethemachineryofcherry-picking.5,trimming...(1)soilexcavationonarainyday,theirworkshouldnotbetoolarge,shouldbedonepiecemeal,bystaging.(2)therainatthetimeofconstructionintheexcavationandearth-movingrequiredgreatattentiontoslopestability.Ifnecessary,theappropriateslowslope,orbraces,whileinthepits(Groove)outsidesurroundedbyEarthenbermsordiggingditches,preventsurfacewaterfromentering.Alwayscheckontheslope,support,anembankment,identifyproblemsanddealwith.II,backfillEngineering(a)constructionpreparationresearchfieldsiteformation,earthfillconstructionplan,determinethefillline,order,range,slope,drainagelevels,andsoon.1,theengineeringaccordingtothecharacteristicsofspecies,densityofthefillquantityrequirements,constructionsiteconditionsofreasonablefillsoilmoisturecontrol,virtualshopandcompactionparameters,suchasnumber.2,undergroundandabove-groundpipelinesshouldbefoundoutbeforeconstructionobstacles,requirementsshallinaccordancewiththeconstructionplan,theconstructionofabovegroundandundergroundobstacleclearanceintheregionanddealt7 5.2.3在室内四周靠墙砌6cm或12cm宽砖支座，控制上口在同一水平内。5.2.4测量室内的长度、宽度及选择基准位置，并在地面弹出安装支座的网络格线，以保证铺设整齐、美观，同时尽量减少地板的切割；5.2.5将要安装的支座调整到同一需要的高度并将支座摆到地面网格线的十字交点处；5.2.6用安装螺钉将桁梁固定到支座上，并用水平尺、直角尺逐一校正桁梁，使之既在同一平面内，又相互垂直；5.2.7用吸板器在组装好的桁梁上放置活动地板；5.2.8若靠近墙面处剩余尺寸小于活动地板的长度，可以用切割地板的方法进行拼补；5.2.9在铺设地板时，用水泡水平仪逐块找平，活动地板的的高度靠可调支座调节，铺设过程中应轻拿轻放，防止划伤地板及损坏边条，同时应边铺设边打扫，避免将杂物、灰尘遗留在地板下面。施工准备拉水平线弹支座网格线支座摆放调整支座固定支座放置活动地板调整地板图5.2-1静电地板施工工艺流程图dslopetofacilitateemptying.(1)duringtheexcavationprocess,feelfreetocheckthestatusofsideslope,verticaldigdepthisgreaterthan1.5M,accordingtothechangesofsoil,excavation(Groove)ortrenchsupportpreparation,topreventcollapse.(2)excavation(Groove)andwhenthetrenchshouldnotdigtothedesignheightofthefollowing,ifnotexactlydiggingbaseelevationistodesign,persistenceofelevationabovealayerofsoilisnotdug,tocopyafterpingdugoutbyhand.(3)mechanicalconstructiondigintotheEarth,diggingmanualatanytime,andtrolleystotransportEarthmachinerytodigtheplace,soastousethemachineryofcherry-picking.5,trimming...(1)soilexcavationonarainyday,theirworkshouldnotbetoolarge,shouldbedonepiecemeal,bystaging.(2)therainatthetimeofconstructionintheexcavationandearth-movingrequiredgreatattentiontoslopestability.Ifnecessary,theappropriateslowslope,orbraces,whileinthepits(Groove)outsidesurroundedbyEarthenbermsordiggingditches,preventsurfacewaterfromentering.Alwayscheckontheslope,support,anembankment,identifyproblemsanddealwith.II,backfillEngineering(a)constructionpreparationresearchfieldsiteformation,earthfillconstructionplan,determinethefillline,order,range,slope,drainagelevels,andsoon.1,theengineeringaccordingtothecharacteristicsofspecies,densityofthefillquantityrequirements,constructionsiteconditionsofreasonablefillsoilmoisturecontrol,virtualshopandcompactionparameters,suchasnumber.2,undergroundandabove-groundpipelinesshouldbefoundoutbeforeconstructionobstacles,requirementsshallinaccordancewiththeconstructionplan,theconstructionofabovegroundandundergroundobstacleclearanceintheregionanddealt7 5.3施工工艺图解图5.3-1静电地板施工示意图5.3.1活动地板的品种和规格严格按设计要求进行控制，承载力和系统电阻符合设计要求，确保材料的符合性；板块面平整、坚实、并具有耐用耐磨、防潮阻燃、耐污染、耐老化和导静电等特点；5.3.2板的铺设应在室内土建及装修施工完毕后进行；5.3.3地面应平整、干燥、无杂物、无灰尘；5.3.4地板下可使用空间，布置敷设电缆、管道及空调系统应在安装地板前施工完毕；dslopetofacilitateemptying.(1)duringtheexcavationprocess,feelfreetocheckthestatusofsideslope,verticaldigdepthisgreaterthan1.5M,accordingtothechangesofsoil,excavation(Groove)ortrenchsupportpreparation,topreventcollapse.(2)excavation(Groove)andwhenthetrenchshouldnotdigtothedesignheightofthefollowing,ifnotexactlydiggingbaseelevationistodesign,persistenceofelevationabovealayerofsoilisnotdug,tocopyafterpingdugoutbyhand.(3)mechanicalconstructiondigintotheEarth,diggingmanualatanytime,andtrolleystotransportEarthmachinerytodigtheplace,soastousethemachineryofcherry-picking.5,trimming...(1)soilexcavationonarainyday,theirworkshouldnotbetoolarge,shouldbedonepiecemeal,bystaging.(2)therainatthetimeofconstructionintheexcavationandearth-movingrequiredgreatattentiontoslopestability.Ifnecessary,theappropriateslowslope,orbraces,whileinthepits(Groove)outsidesurroundedbyEarthenbermsordiggingditches,preventsurfacewaterfromentering.Alwayscheckontheslope,support,anembankment,identifyproblemsanddealwith.II,backfillEngineering(a)constructionpreparationresearchfieldsiteformation,earthfillconstructionplan,determinethefillline,order,range,slope,drainagelevels,andsoon.1,theengineeringaccordingtothecharacteristicsofspecies,densityofthefillquantityrequirements,constructionsiteconditionsofreasonablefillsoilmoisturecontrol,virtualshopandcompactionparameters,suchasnumber.2,undergroundandabove-groundpipelinesshouldbefoundoutbeforeconstructionobstacles,requirementsshallinaccordancewiththeconstructionplan,theconstructionofabovegroundandundergroundobstacleclearanceintheregionanddealt7 5.3.5大型重设备基座固定完工，设备安装在基座上，基座高度应同地板上表面完成高度一致；5.3劳动力组织（见表5.3）。表5.3劳动力组织情况表序号单项工程所需人数备注1管理人员22技术人员13安装施工44杂工2合计7人6.材料与设备本工法无需特别说明的材料，采用的机具设备见表6。表6机具设备表序号设备名称单位数量用途1云石切割锯台2切割地板2激光水平测定仪台1测设水平3网络激光扫描仪台1测设网络4水泡水平仪台1测设水平5吸板器台16螺母调整搬手把47吸尘器台18十字螺丝刀套47.质量控制7.1工程质量控制标准7.1.1质量标准7.1.1dslopetofacilitateemptying.(1)duringtheexcavationprocess,feelfreetocheckthestatusofsideslope,verticaldigdepthisgreaterthan1.5M,accordingtothechangesofsoil,excavation(Groove)ortrenchsupportpreparation,topreventcollapse.(2)excavation(Groove)andwhenthetrenchshouldnotdigtothedesignheightofthefollowing,ifnotexactlydiggingbaseelevationistodesign,persistenceofelevationabovealayerofsoilisnotdug,tocopyafterpingdugoutbyhand.(3)mechanicalconstructiondigintotheEarth,diggingmanualatanytime,andtrolleystotransportEarthmachinerytodigtheplace,soastousethemachineryofcherry-picking.5,trimming...(1)soilexcavationonarainyday,theirworkshouldnotbetoolarge,shouldbedonepiecemeal,bystaging.(2)therainatthetimeofconstructionintheexcavationandearth-movingrequiredgreatattentiontoslopestability.Ifnecessary,theappropriateslowslope,orbraces,whileinthepits(Groove)outsidesurroundedbyEarthenbermsordiggingditches,preventsurfacewaterfromentering.Alwayscheckontheslope,support,anembankment,identifyproblemsanddealwith.II,backfillEngineering(a)constructionpreparationresearchfieldsiteformation,earthfillconstructionplan,determinethefillline,order,range,slope,drainagelevels,andsoon.1,theengineeringaccordingtothecharacteristicsofspecies,densityofthefillquantityrequirements,constructionsiteconditionsofreasonablefillsoilmoisturecontrol,virtualshopandcompactionparameters,suchasnumber.2,undergroundandabove-groundpipelinesshouldbefoundoutbeforeconstructionobstacles,requirementsshallinaccordancewiththeconstructionplan,theconstructionofabovegroundandundergroundobstacleclearanceintheregionanddealt7 活动地板的品种、规格和技术性能必须符合设计要求，符合施工规范和现行国家标准。7.1.2活动地板安装完后行走必须无声响，无摆动，牢固性好。7.1.3表面清洁，图案清淅，色泽一至，接缝均匀，周边顺直，析块无裂纹、掉角和缺楞等现象。7.1.4各种面层邻接处的镶边用料及尺寸符合设计要求和施工规范规定，边角整齐、光滑。7.1.5面层平整度控制在2mm。7.1.2静电地板工程施工执行以下规范标准GB4385-1995防静电鞋、导电性技术要求GB12014-1989防静电工作服GB/T12703-1991纺织品静电测试方法GJB/2605-1996可热封柔韧性防静电阻隔材料规范GJB/Z105-1995电子产品防静电控制手册GB/T15463-1995静电安全名词术语GJB/Z86-1997静电放电防护包装手册GJB3007-1997防静电工作技术要求SJ/T10147-1991集成电路防静电包装管SJ/T11159-1998地板覆盖层和装配地板静电性能的实验方法SJ/T11236-2001防静电地板贴面板通用规范SJ/T11277-2002防静电周转容器通用规范SJ/T11294-2003防静电地板涂料通用规范SJ/T31469-2002防静电地板施工验收规范YD/T754-1995通信机房防静电同则7.2质量保证措施7.2.1安装前地板应干净平整，保证基层质量。7.2.2根据设计要求严格控制静电地板品种、规格和技术性能，符合施工规范和现行国家标准。7.2.3各种面层邻接处的镶边用料及尺寸符合设计要求和施工规范规定，边角整齐、光滑。dslopetofacilitateemptying.(1)duringtheexcavationprocess,feelfreetocheckthestatusofsideslope,verticaldigdepthisgreaterthan1.5M,accordingtothechangesofsoil,excavation(Groove)ortrenchsupportpreparation,topreventcollapse.(2)excavation(Groove)andwhenthetrenchshouldnotdigtothedesignheightofthefollowing,ifnotexactlydiggingbaseelevationistodesign,persistenceofelevationabovealayerofsoilisnotdug,tocopyafterpingdugoutbyhand.(3)mechanicalconstructiondigintotheEarth,diggingmanualatanytime,andtrolleystotransportEarthmachinerytodigtheplace,soastousethemachineryofcherry-picking.5,trimming...(1)soilexcavationonarainyday,theirworkshouldnotbetoolarge,shouldbedonepiecemeal,bystaging.(2)therainatthetimeofconstructionintheexcavationandearth-movingrequiredgreatattentiontoslopestability.Ifnecessary,theappropriateslowslope,orbraces,whileinthepits(Groove)outsidesurroundedbyEarthenbermsordiggingditches,preventsurfacewaterfromentering.Alwayscheckontheslope,support,anembankment,identifyproblemsanddealwith.II,backfillEngineering(a)constructionpreparationresearchfieldsiteformation,earthfillconstructionplan,determinethefillline,order,range,slope,drainagelevels,andsoon.1,theengineeringaccordingtothecharacteristicsofspecies,densityofthefillquantityrequirements,constructionsiteconditionsofreasonablefillsoilmoisturecontrol,virtualshopandcompactionparameters,suchasnumber.2,undergroundandabove-groundpipelinesshouldbefoundoutbeforeconstructionobstacles,requirementsshallinaccordancewiththeconstructionplan,theconstructionofabovegroundandundergroundobstacleclearanceintheregionanddealt7 8.安全措施8.1认真贯彻“安全第一，预防为主”的方针，根据国家有关规定、条例，结合施工单位实际情况和工程的具体特点，组成专职安全员和班组兼职安全员以及工地安全用电负责人参加的安全生产管理网络，执行安全生产责任制，明确各级人员的职责，抓好工程的安全生产。8.2施工现场按符合防火、防触电等安全规定及安全施工要求进行布置，并完善布置各种安全标识。8.3施工现场的临时用电严格按照《施工现场临时用电安全技术规范》的有关规范规定执行。8.4室内配电柜、配电箱前要有绝缘垫，并安装漏电保护装置。8.5建立完善的施工安全保证体系，加强施工作业中的安全检查，确保作业标准化、规范化。9.环保措施9.1在工程施工过程中严格遵守变电站环境保护措施计划规定，加强对施工工程材料、设备、粉尘、生产生活垃圾、弃渣的控制和治理，遵守有防火及废弃物处理的规章制度，做好交通环境疏导，充分满足便民要求，认真接受站区交通管理，随时接受相关单位的监督检查。9.2对施工中可能影响到的各种公共设施制定可靠的防止损坏和移位的实施措施，加强实施中的监测、应对和验证。同时，将相关要求向全体施工人员详细交底。9.3定期清运建渣，做到“落手清”。弃渣及其它废弃物按工程建设指定的地点和方案进行合理堆放和处治。10.效益分析10.1本工法将工程砖砌屋内电缆地沟改为平面防静电地板施工，提高保护设备运行安全。同时提升屋内地板美观，改善运行人员工作环境。10.2本工法与砼地面方法相比，工程进度快、干扰因素少、有利于文明施工、有利于提高保护设备运行安全。11.应用实例dslopetofacilitateemptying.(1)duringtheexcavationprocess,feelfreetocheckthestatusofsideslope,verticaldigdepthisgreaterthan1.5M,accordingtothechangesofsoil,excavation(Groove)ortrenchsupportpreparation,topreventcollapse.(2)excavation(Groove)andwhenthetrenchshouldnotdigtothedesignheightofthefollowing,ifnotexactlydiggingbaseelevationistodesign,persistenceofelevationabovealayerofsoilisnotdug,tocopyafterpingdugoutbyhand.(3)mechanicalconstructiondigintotheEarth,diggingmanualatanytime,andtrolleystotransportEarthmachinerytodigtheplace,soastousethemachineryofcherry-picking.5,trimming...(1)soilexcavationonarainyday,theirworkshouldnotbetoolarge,shouldbedonepiecemeal,bystaging.(2)therainatthetimeofconstructionintheexcavationandearth-movingrequiredgreatattentiontoslopestability.Ifnecessary,theappropriateslowslope,orbraces,whileinthepits(Groove)outsidesurroundedbyEarthenbermsordiggingditches,preventsurfacewaterfromentering.Alwayscheckontheslope,support,anembankment,identifyproblemsanddealwith.II,backfillEngineering(a)constructionpreparationresearchfieldsiteformation,earthfillconstructionplan,determinethefillline,order,range,slope,drainagelevels,andsoon.1,theengineeringaccordingtothecharacteristicsofspecies,densityofthefillquantityrequirements,constructionsiteconditionsofreasonablefillsoilmoisturecontrol,virtualshopandcompactionparameters,suchasnumber.2,undergroundandabove-groundpipelinesshouldbefoundoutbeforeconstructionobstacles,requirementsshallinaccordancewiththeconstructionplan,theconstructionofabovegroundandundergroundobstacleclearanceintheregionanddealt7 华阳、崇州500千伏变电站继电器11.1工程概况华阳（尖山）500kV变电站工程位于成都市双流县煎茶镇高庙村与尖山村交界处，征地面积110.323亩,围墙内占地面积100.136亩。主要建筑物有：主控通信综合搂、500kV继电器室、220kV继电器室、主变及35kV继电器室、消防泵房及水池、值班生活用房共6座；其中主控通信综合搂通讯及继电器室、500kV继电器室、220kV继电器室、主变及35kV继电器室采用架空防静电地板。11.2施工情况基层施工完工后认真检查地面平整度及墙面垂直度，满足要求后拉水平线，并将地板安装高度用墨线弹到墙面上，在室内四周砌6cm宽砖，保证砖上口在同一水平内，测量室内的长度、宽度及选择基准位置，并在地面弹出安装支座的网络格线，尽量减少地板的切割，支座调整到同一高度并将支座摆到地面网格线的十字交点处，用安装螺钉将桁梁固定到支座上，并用水平尺、直角尺逐一校正桁梁，用吸板器在组装好的桁梁上放置活动地板。如图11.2。图11.2正在施工的静电地板dslopetofacilitateemptying.(1)duringtheexcavationprocess,feelfreetocheckthestatusofsideslope,verticaldigdepthisgreaterthan1.5M,accordingtothechangesofsoil,excavation(Groove)ortrenchsupportpreparation,topreventcollapse.(2)excavation(Groove)andwhenthetrenchshouldnotdigtothedesignheightofthefollowing,ifnotexactlydiggingbaseelevationistodesign,persistenceofelevationabovealayerofsoilisnotdug,tocopyafterpingdugoutbyhand.(3)mechanicalconstructiondigintotheEarth,diggingmanualatanytime,andtrolleystotransportEarthmachinerytodigtheplace,soastousethemachineryofcherry-picking.5,trimming...(1)soilexcavationonarainyday,theirworkshouldnotbetoolarge,shouldbedonepiecemeal,bystaging.(2)therainatthetimeofconstructionintheexcavationandearth-movingrequiredgreatattentiontoslopestability.Ifnecessary,theappropriateslowslope,orbraces,whileinthepits(Groove)outsidesurroundedbyEarthenbermsordiggingditches,preventsurfacewaterfromentering.Alwayscheckontheslope,support,anembankment,identifyproblemsanddealwith.II,backfillEngineering(a)constructionpreparationresearchfieldsiteformation,earthfillconstructionplan,determinethefillline,order,range,slope,drainagelevels,andsoon.1,theengineeringaccordingtothecharacteristicsofspecies,densityofthefillquantityrequirements,constructionsiteconditionsofreasonablefillsoilmoisturecontrol,virtualshopandcompactionparameters,suchasnumber.2,undergroundandabove-groundpipelinesshouldbefoundoutbeforeconstructionobstacles,requirementsshallinaccordancewiththeconstructionplan,theconstructionofabovegroundandundergroundobstacleclearanceintheregionanddealt7 图11.3已完工的静电地板11.3工程监测与结果评介采用“防静电地板”工法后，保证了通讯和保护设备运行的安全稳定，本站被评为2005年度天府杯金奖，申报鲁班奖过程中得到专家好评。如图11.3。dslopetofacilitateemptying.(1)duringtheexcavationprocess,feelfreetocheckthestatusofsideslope,verticaldigdepthisgreaterthan1.5M,accordingtothechangesofsoil,excavation(Groove)ortrenchsupportpreparation,topreventcollapse.(2)excavation(Groove)andwhenthetrenchshouldnotdigtothedesignheightofthefollowing,ifnotexactlydiggingbaseelevationistodesign,persistenceofelevationabovealayerofsoilisnotdug,tocopyafterpingdugoutbyhand.(3)mechanicalconstructiondigintotheEarth,diggingmanualatanytime,andtrolleystotransportEarthmachinerytodigtheplace,soastousethemachineryofcherry-picking.5,trimming...(1)soilexcavationonarainyday,theirworkshouldnotbetoolarge,shouldbedonepiecemeal,bystaging.(2)therainatthetimeofconstructionintheexcavationandearth-movingrequiredgreatattentiontoslopestability.Ifnecessary,theappropriateslowslope,orbraces,whileinthepits(Groove)outsidesurroundedbyEarthenbermsordiggingditches,preventsurfacewaterfromentering.Alwayscheckontheslope,support,anembankment,identifyproblemsanddealwith.II,backfillEngineering(a)constructionpreparationresearchfieldsiteformation,earthfillconstructionplan,determinethefillline,order,range,slope,drainagelevels,andsoon.1,theengineeringaccordingtothecharacteristicsofspecies,densityofthefillquantityrequirements,constructionsiteconditionsofreasonablefillsoilmoisturecontrol,virtualshopandcompactionparameters,suchasnumber.2,undergroundandabove-groundpipelinesshouldbefoundoutbeforeconstructionobstacles,requirementsshallinaccordancewiththeconstructionplan,theconstructionofabovegroundandundergroundobstacleclearanceintheregionanddealt7'