铁路段涵洞施工技术交底

'技术交底记录ZT20CX11-（涵）-年月日工程工点名称DK86+030涵洞工程交底地点七工区路基架子队技术室交底组织单位中铁二十局玉铁铁路七工区路基架子队交底负责人施工单位接收负责人涵洞施工技术交底交底名称：DK86+030盖板涵交底内容：此涵洞为1-1.5*2.0m，涵长48.39，与线路夹角45°，涵洞主要用于排洪、灌溉。一、涵洞施工参数1、本涵洞为1-1.5×2.0m钢筋混凝土盖板涵，中心里程为DK86+030，涵长48.39m；2、涵身基础深0.75m，宽46m，基础模板采用1.0*1.5m定型钢模板现场拼装，浇筑C30混凝土；3、出入口基础深1.25m，宽3.5m，基础模板采用1.0*1.5m定型钢模板现场拼装，浇筑C30混凝土；4、涵洞分节施工，第一节、第二节每节长3m，其余每节长4m，涵洞基础标高依次为37.42m、37.45m、37.47m、37.51m、37.54m、37.57m、37.6m，37.63m、37.67m、37.7m、37.73m、37.76m；5、涵身边墙、中墙净高2m，下底面宽1m，上顶宽26cm、14cm，上顶净空面垂直于基础，涵身采用C30混凝土浇筑,混凝土模板采用大块组合钢模板（1.0*1.5m）及竹胶板；6、涵洞盖板为现浇盖板，采用C35钢筋混凝土浇筑，上顶中心位置厚度为0.35m，两边厚度为0.3m；7、出入口边坡、沟床、椎体、采用碎石垫层；8、出入口垂裙、边坡、沟床、锥体采用M10水泥浆砌片石砌筑；9、涵洞两侧过渡段范围的基坑采用级配碎石回填至原地面，其余采用原状土（非膨胀）回填；feelfreetolistentotheirvoicesandhelpthemassessolveproblems,wewereofficiallyopenedonMay10"12345"Mayorcalls,formulatedrulesandregulations,equippedwithafull-timestaff,a24-houron-dutysystem,peopletocalltoreceive,reply,action,reminders,feedbackandsoon.Byyearend,handledthecrowdcalls1076,94.7%feedbackrate.　　ByMayorcallsactivecoordinationtosolvealargenumberofbearsontheimmediateinterestsofthepeopleandissuesofgreatlives,butalsoforleadershipresearchanddecisiontocollectalotofgoodideasandsuggestions,byallsectorsofthecommunityalike.Second,startMunicipalGovernmentAffairsHallbuilt.OnMay11,webuiltandlaunchedthecity-governmentlobby,weresettledin12departments,strictimplementationoffirstaskingdutysystem,servicesystem,systemofgratuitous,"receiving,internalcoordination,headofthewindowhandle,limitedtimeconcluded"one-stopservice.Bytheendoftodaytoacceptvarioustypesof3,273,originallyofupto100%.　　RunningGovernmentAffairsHall,theconvenienceofthemasses,promotingopenGovernment,improvetheinvestmentenvironmentandsolvetheirpracticalproblems,andsodidalotofwork,masses,servethecommunityfortheGovernmenttoplayaverygood"window,link,model".Third,createacitygovernmentpublicaffairsnetwork.WerelyontheGovernmentWebsite,wascompletedonMay24,theprovince"sfirstpublicaffairsnetwork.Over 10、涵洞进出口盖板顶设置有帽石，帽石宽40cm，高20cm，采用C30混凝土浇筑；二、施工准备1、按照本技术交底要求，在涵洞施工以前需要配齐以下施工机具：挖掘机一台，钢筋加工机械一套，ZL50插入式振导棒2台，钢模板一套（5t以上）。2、熟悉掌握和了解测量人员所交付的控制桩点和涵洞轴线控制护桩，并妥善保护。三、施工工艺及施工方法(一)、盖板涵总体施工工艺流程见图1(二)、基坑开挖1、基坑开挖以单斗挖掘机开挖为主,人力开挖为辅。土质基坑采用挖掘机进行开挖，开挖至距设计标高差20～30cm时，由人工进行清理至设计标高，以免机械扰动基底原状土，造成承载力下降。2、施工准备：作好施工测量放样。设置基坑中心线、方向和高程的测量控制桩，测量放线，用木桩挂线或白灰标示开挖范围。3、基坑开挖：根据盖板涵位置的地质情况，基坑采用放坡开挖，开挖过程中应检查基坑平面位置、高程、边坡、排水系统，并随时观测基坑边坡和地面站的变化。基坑开挖尺寸为盖板涵结构物底板尺寸+100cm工作面宽度，基坑底开挖标高应按照流水面坡度严格控制。挖基弃土不得妨碍施工，弃土堆坡脚距坑顶缘的距离不小于基坑深度。严格限制坑顶堆土等地面荷载。基础开挖至设计标高后及时进行下道工序的施工，避免基底长时间暴露或受雨淋水泡。4、基坑排水：基坑开挖随时做好排水工作，挖至坑底标高后沿基坑四周设排水沟，并及时抽干坑内积水，保证开挖后基底不被水浸泡。5、基底处理：基坑开挖接近基底标高时，保留10～20cm一层，在基础施工前人工挖除。feelfreetolistentotheirvoicesandhelpthemassessolveproblems,wewereofficiallyopenedonMay10"12345"Mayorcalls,formulatedrulesandregulations,equippedwithafull-timestaff,a24-houron-dutysystem,peopletocalltoreceive,reply,action,reminders,feedbackandsoon.Byyearend,handledthecrowdcalls1076,94.7%feedbackrate.　　ByMayorcallsactivecoordinationtosolvealargenumberofbearsontheimmediateinterestsofthepeopleandissuesofgreatlives,butalsoforleadershipresearchanddecisiontocollectalotofgoodideasandsuggestions,byallsectorsofthecommunityalike.Second,startMunicipalGovernmentAffairsHallbuilt.OnMay11,webuiltandlaunchedthecity-governmentlobby,weresettledin12departments,strictimplementationoffirstaskingdutysystem,servicesystem,systemofgratuitous,"receiving,internalcoordination,headofthewindowhandle,limitedtimeconcluded"one-stopservice.Bytheendoftodaytoacceptvarioustypesof3,273,originallyofupto100%.　　RunningGovernmentAffairsHall,theconvenienceofthemasses,promotingopenGovernment,improvetheinvestmentenvironmentandsolvetheirpracticalproblems,andsodidalotofwork,masses,servethecommunityfortheGovernmenttoplayaverygood"window,link,model".Third,createacitygovernmentpublicaffairsnetwork.WerelyontheGovernmentWebsite,wascompletedonMay24,theprovince"sfirstpublicaffairsnetwork.Over 检验地基承载力平整夯实基底挖截排水沟开挖基坑浇筑基础立模、浇筑涵身浇筑钢筋砼盖板防水层施工施作出入口端八字墙砌筑出、入口等附属工程夯填两侧及顶部填土测量定位、放线图1盖板涵施工工艺流程图6、基坑挖至设计标高后，先由分部试验工程师进行基底承载力的检测，再由分部测量组复核基坑尺寸和标高，符合要求后报分部质检工程师检查，合格签证后，再进行下道工序的施工。7、基坑开挖过程中应严防地面水流入基坑内，基坑外截、排水设施要保持到基坑回填后。基坑开挖施工中,须注意保护定位桩、水准点。（三）基础施工feelfreetolistentotheirvoicesandhelpthemassessolveproblems,wewereofficiallyopenedonMay10"12345"Mayorcalls,formulatedrulesandregulations,equippedwithafull-timestaff,a24-houron-dutysystem,peopletocalltoreceive,reply,action,reminders,feedbackandsoon.Byyearend,handledthecrowdcalls1076,94.7%feedbackrate.　　ByMayorcallsactivecoordinationtosolvealargenumberofbearsontheimmediateinterestsofthepeopleandissuesofgreatlives,butalsoforleadershipresearchanddecisiontocollectalotofgoodideasandsuggestions,byallsectorsofthecommunityalike.Second,startMunicipalGovernmentAffairsHallbuilt.OnMay11,webuiltandlaunchedthecity-governmentlobby,weresettledin12departments,strictimplementationoffirstaskingdutysystem,servicesystem,systemofgratuitous,"receiving,internalcoordination,headofthewindowhandle,limitedtimeconcluded"one-stopservice.Bytheendoftodaytoacceptvarioustypesof3,273,originallyofupto100%.　　RunningGovernmentAffairsHall,theconvenienceofthemasses,promotingopenGovernment,improvetheinvestmentenvironmentandsolvetheirpracticalproblems,andsodidalotofwork,masses,servethecommunityfortheGovernmenttoplayaverygood"window,link,model".Third,createacitygovernmentpublicaffairsnetwork.WerelyontheGovernmentWebsite,wascompletedonMay24,theprovince"sfirstpublicaffairsnetwork.Over 1、基础模板安装：(1)根据基础设计结构尺寸选择模板及支架。要求模板和支架具有足够的强度、刚度和稳定性，能承受所浇砼的重力、侧压力及施工中可能产生的各项荷载；模板及支架挠度不得超过构件跨度的1/250。(2)模板支架采用10×12cm和12×12cm的方木，要求支撑部分安置于可靠的基底上。若支撑底部土质松软，支撑时先用3cm厚以上的木板作支垫，以增大支撑面积；支撑时底部支撑与模板面垂直，上部可采用斜向支撑，并用木楔加固。(3)两侧模板之间用螺纹钢拉杆并配以垫圈固定，伸出混凝土外露面的拉杆用端部可拆卸的钢丝杆。(4)安装后的模板表面要平整光滑，接缝严密，并满涂脱模剂。(5)模板安装完毕后，报分部质检工程师检查，合格签证后再进行基础混凝土的浇筑施工。2、基础混凝土（C30）浇筑：砼由混凝土拌合站集中统一供应。基础混凝土灌筑前须进行立模、放线、配合比等检查，确认合符要求后方可灌筑混凝土。浇筑要符合下列规定：(1)混凝土浇筑必须在坑底无水的情况下进行。如坑底有水，先在下游出口处挖一积水坑，用潜水泵将水排出，再进行混凝土的浇筑施工。(2)混凝土浇筑前，先将模板上的污垢清扫干净。(3)混凝土运至浇筑地点，要尽快浇筑，减少热损失。当混凝土因凝固降低流动性后，不得二次加水拌合使用，应作为废料处理。(4)混凝土浇筑时的自由倾落高度不得大于2m。当大于2m时，采用滑槽入模浇筑。(5)混凝土要分层连续浇筑，其分层厚度不得大于30cm。当因故间歇时，不得超过2h；当超过2h时，要按浇筑中断处理，同时要留置施工缝。施工缝的平面要与结构的轴线相垂直，在施工缝处埋入适量的接茬钢筋，并使其体积露出前层混凝土外一半左右，继续浇筑时，先在横向施工缝处铺一层厚15mm并与混凝土灰砂比相同、水灰比略小的水泥砂浆，竖向施工缝处可刷一层水灰比为0.3左右的薄水泥浆后再进行砼的浇筑。(6)混凝土采用机械振捣（插入式振捣器），捣固要符合下列规定：①插入式振捣器的移动间距不得大于振捣器作用半径的1.5倍，且插入下层混凝土的深度宜为5～10cm。②振捣时不得碰撞模板、钢筋和预埋部件。feelfreetolistentotheirvoicesandhelpthemassessolveproblems,wewereofficiallyopenedonMay10"12345"Mayorcalls,formulatedrulesandregulations,equippedwithafull-timestaff,a24-houron-dutysystem,peopletocalltoreceive,reply,action,reminders,feedbackandsoon.Byyearend,handledthecrowdcalls1076,94.7%feedbackrate.　　ByMayorcallsactivecoordinationtosolvealargenumberofbearsontheimmediateinterestsofthepeopleandissuesofgreatlives,butalsoforleadershipresearchanddecisiontocollectalotofgoodideasandsuggestions,byallsectorsofthecommunityalike.Second,startMunicipalGovernmentAffairsHallbuilt.OnMay11,webuiltandlaunchedthecity-governmentlobby,weresettledin12departments,strictimplementationoffirstaskingdutysystem,servicesystem,systemofgratuitous,"receiving,internalcoordination,headofthewindowhandle,limitedtimeconcluded"one-stopservice.Bytheendoftodaytoacceptvarioustypesof3,273,originallyofupto100%.　　RunningGovernmentAffairsHall,theconvenienceofthemasses,promotingopenGovernment,improvetheinvestmentenvironmentandsolvetheirpracticalproblems,andsodidalotofwork,masses,servethecommunityfortheGovernmenttoplayaverygood"window,link,model".Third,createacitygovernmentpublicaffairsnetwork.WerelyontheGovernmentWebsite,wascompletedonMay24,theprovince"sfirstpublicaffairsnetwork.Over ③每一振点的振捣延续时间宜为20～30s，以混凝土不再沉落，不出现气泡，表面呈现浮浆为度，不得超振，避免降低混凝土的含气量。(7)基础混凝土在浇筑完毕后，要在基顶与涵身连接处预留接茬钢筋（螺纹钢），钢筋直径不小于16mm，间距不大于20倍钢筋直径，埋入和露出长度不小于钢筋直径的30倍。3、混凝土的养护及拆模：(1)混凝土按两阶段养生法进行养护：a混凝土浇筑完毕后，在砼结构物外露面包裹一层蓄水物质（如麻袋片），再用塑料薄膜包裹密封严实，养生期间，需对蓄水物质定时注水保证持续湿润状态；b脱模后，用塑料薄膜将混凝土结构表面包裹，以封闭砼内部残余水分不被蒸发，保证砼后期水化的持续进行。(2)混凝土拆模：混凝土强度达到5MPa以上，且其表面及棱角不因拆模而受损时，方可拆模。拆除模板后，继续对混凝土进行养护。4、基础沉降缝施工：沉降缝必须按施工图要求选材和施工，工序完毕须进行质量检查、监理签认。混凝土处沉降缝采用石棉沥青板，在混凝土浇注前安放准确，基础沉降缝采用石棉沥青板，并保持缝内干净、无杂物。沉降缝端面竖直、平整，在同一断面上，上下不得交错、扭曲。（四）涵身施工1、涵身模板安装：涵身及翼墙模板采用组合钢模板，安装方法及要求与基础模板安装方法同理。模板安装前须对现场连接筋进行全面检查签验，安装模板时必须放样准确。测控点必须保护好以便随时校测。安装完毕后报分部质检工程师检查，合格签证后再进行涵身及翼墙混凝土的浇筑施工。2、涵身混凝土浇筑：(1)试验检验：配合比由试验室提供，计量控制到位，入模前温度经过测试，对前几项工序的检测签认已经完成，对于泌水、离析、露筋、蜂窝、麻面等将出现的问题已经有了预防措施。在此情况下方可灌筑混凝土。(2)混凝土浇筑前在模板表面满涂脱模剂，并将基础混凝土与涵身及翼墙接触处浮渣清除，用水冲净、湿润，但不得存有积水。(3)新混凝土浇筑前，在横向施工缝处先铺一层厚15mm并与混凝土灰砂比相同、水灰比略小的水泥砂浆，竖向施工缝处可刷一层水灰比为0.3左右的薄水泥浆。(4)feelfreetolistentotheirvoicesandhelpthemassessolveproblems,wewereofficiallyopenedonMay10"12345"Mayorcalls,formulatedrulesandregulations,equippedwithafull-timestaff,a24-houron-dutysystem,peopletocalltoreceive,reply,action,reminders,feedbackandsoon.Byyearend,handledthecrowdcalls1076,94.7%feedbackrate.　　ByMayorcallsactivecoordinationtosolvealargenumberofbearsontheimmediateinterestsofthepeopleandissuesofgreatlives,butalsoforleadershipresearchanddecisiontocollectalotofgoodideasandsuggestions,byallsectorsofthecommunityalike.Second,startMunicipalGovernmentAffairsHallbuilt.OnMay11,webuiltandlaunchedthecity-governmentlobby,weresettledin12departments,strictimplementationoffirstaskingdutysystem,servicesystem,systemofgratuitous,"receiving,internalcoordination,headofthewindowhandle,limitedtimeconcluded"one-stopservice.Bytheendoftodaytoacceptvarioustypesof3,273,originallyofupto100%.　　RunningGovernmentAffairsHall,theconvenienceofthemasses,promotingopenGovernment,improvetheinvestmentenvironmentandsolvetheirpracticalproblems,andsodidalotofwork,masses,servethecommunityfortheGovernmenttoplayaverygood"window,link,model".Third,createacitygovernmentpublicaffairsnetwork.WerelyontheGovernmentWebsite,wascompletedonMay24,theprovince"sfirstpublicaffairsnetwork.Over 混凝土运至浇筑地点，尽快浇筑，减少热损失。当混凝土因凝固而降低流动性后，不得二次加水拌合使用。在浇筑过程中,随时检查模板、支架、支撑结构的可靠程度，模板缝是否漏浆。发现问题，要及时处理,并作好记录。(5)混凝土分层连续浇筑，其分层厚度为30cm；采用机械振捣。砼的浇筑和捣固方法同基础混凝土施工方法一样，需要注意的是施工缝处的新层混凝土必须捣实。（6)振捣与养护：混凝土操作人员必须是专业人员且须持证上岗，振捣时须均匀以达密应，防止过振、漏振。养护待混凝土收浆、不起皮时用薄膜覆盖严密，洒水养护不得少于14天。（7）涵身侧模应在混凝土强度达到2.5MPa以上方可拆模，涵身砼的养护和拆模方法同基础砼的养护和拆模方法一样。3、涵身沉降缝施工：涵洞分节处、交接处均须设置沉降缝，经检验合格的沥青板须与模板同步，且须挂线，缝宽一般为3cm,待构筑物达到养护强度后，在干燥状态下进行沉降缝填塞。边墙沉降缝沥青板固定要牢，混凝土浇注要对称进行，防止沉降缝沥青板不垂直。沉降缝要求端面垂直、平整，上下不得交错；基础和涵身沉降缝必须保持在同一竖直面上，不得错牙。施工时，先将沉降缝内的杂物清除并保持干燥，再填塞密实。填塞方法及填塞材料严格按照沉降缝及防水层断面图进行施工。4、混凝土质量检查及评定混凝土浇筑过程中，要按砼结构部位做砼抗压试件一组，浇筑完后，由分部质检工程师组织相关技术人员，对养护、拆模及拆模后的混凝土外观进行检查。要求混凝土表面平整光滑，无蜂窝、麻面和露筋现象，混凝土接缝处不得有夹渣缝。（五）盖板施工本涵洞盖板采取现场绑扎钢筋、立模进行浇筑施工。1、钢筋骨架制作(1)钢筋在加工制作前，需将钢筋表面的油渍、漆污、水泥浆和用锤敲击能剥落的浮皮、铁锈等清除干净，同时要求钢筋平直，无局部折曲。(2)加工时严格按照盖板钢筋布置图中各型号钢筋尺寸进行下料加工。(3)钢筋绑扎安放前须进行测量放线定位，绑扎安放后须进行校正检验签认。(4)钢筋焊接采用双面焊缝搭接焊，搭接长度为5d（适用于Ⅱ级钢筋），其焊接接头设置在承受应力较小处，并分散布置，相互错开。2、模板安装盖板模板的安装要求及规定同涵身模板的安装要求和规定一样。feelfreetolistentotheirvoicesandhelpthemassessolveproblems,wewereofficiallyopenedonMay10"12345"Mayorcalls,formulatedrulesandregulations,equippedwithafull-timestaff,a24-houron-dutysystem,peopletocalltoreceive,reply,action,reminders,feedbackandsoon.Byyearend,handledthecrowdcalls1076,94.7%feedbackrate.　　ByMayorcallsactivecoordinationtosolvealargenumberofbearsontheimmediateinterestsofthepeopleandissuesofgreatlives,butalsoforleadershipresearchanddecisiontocollectalotofgoodideasandsuggestions,byallsectorsofthecommunityalike.Second,startMunicipalGovernmentAffairsHallbuilt.OnMay11,webuiltandlaunchedthecity-governmentlobby,weresettledin12departments,strictimplementationoffirstaskingdutysystem,servicesystem,systemofgratuitous,"receiving,internalcoordination,headofthewindowhandle,limitedtimeconcluded"one-stopservice.Bytheendoftodaytoacceptvarioustypesof3,273,originallyofupto100%.　　RunningGovernmentAffairsHall,theconvenienceofthemasses,promotingopenGovernment,improvetheinvestmentenvironmentandsolvetheirpracticalproblems,andsodidalotofwork,masses,servethecommunityfortheGovernmenttoplayaverygood"window,link,model".Third,createacitygovernmentpublicaffairsnetwork.WerelyontheGovernmentWebsite,wascompletedonMay24,theprovince"sfirstpublicaffairsnetwork.Over 3、钢筋骨架安装：在盖板模板安装好后，严格按照“盖板钢筋布置图”进行钢筋骨架的绑扎和焊接，并符合下列要求：(1)安装时，在钢筋骨架与模板之间用与盖板同标号的水泥砂浆垫块支垫，要求垫块互相错开，分散布置，并不得横贯保护层的全部截面。(2)安装后的钢筋骨架位置和混凝土保护层的厚度应符合设计要求；并要保证在浇筑过程中不变形现象。(3)模板及钢筋骨架安装完毕自检合格后，报分部质检工程师检查,合格后方可进行盖板混凝土的浇筑施工。4、盖板混凝土浇筑、养护及拆模：盖板混凝土浇筑施工同基础混凝土施工方法一样。需注意的是盖板钢筋比较密集，捣固时振捣器的移动间距不宜过大，不得直接碰撞模板和钢筋骨架。（六）防水层施工：1、防水层施工前要对结构表面进行清理，保证表面干净、干燥。涂料涂刷要均匀，从中间向两侧边墙进行，铺设材料的搭茬长度不小于20cm，且沿水流方向设置接茬。基础沉降缝防水层施做中埋式橡胶止水带，埋设石棉沥青板，涵身及盖板施工完成后进行涵身及盖板沉降缝防水层施工，内贴TQF甲种防水层卷材，缝内设3cm石棉沥青板，内侧嵌填15cm深的聚氨酯弹性胶，涵身及盖板沉降缝施工完成后进行顶部、涵背的TQF型防水层施工，顶部、涵背的TQF型防水层施工完成后进行涵顶C40细石混凝土聚丙烯纤维网混凝土保护层的施工，铺设厚度5cm；2、涵洞顶面填土小于1.5m及沉降缝防水层上均设置保护层。防水层上设置保护层时，厚度应符合设计要求，并且顶面设置2%的双向流水坡，保证表面平整、排水畅通。防水层的施工要避开大风、高温天气，下雨天严禁进行施工。（七）涵背回填1、施工条件：在涵洞主体圬工强度达到设计强度的70%以上，涵身沉降缝及防水层施工完成，并经检查合格后再进行填筑施工。2、所有结构物基坑的回填必须采用经工程师批准的能够充分压实的材料，非透水性材料不得直接用于回填，不得用草皮土、垃圾和有机物等回填。严禁结构物基础超挖回填虚土。3、涵背回填必须在隐蔽工程验收合格后方可进行，未经工程师许可，不得对结构物基坑回填。4、涵背回填应分层填筑、分层压实，回填材料应按每层200mmfeelfreetolistentotheirvoicesandhelpthemassessolveproblems,wewereofficiallyopenedonMay10"12345"Mayorcalls,formulatedrulesandregulations,equippedwithafull-timestaff,a24-houron-dutysystem,peopletocalltoreceive,reply,action,reminders,feedbackandsoon.Byyearend,handledthecrowdcalls1076,94.7%feedbackrate.　　ByMayorcallsactivecoordinationtosolvealargenumberofbearsontheimmediateinterestsofthepeopleandissuesofgreatlives,butalsoforleadershipresearchanddecisiontocollectalotofgoodideasandsuggestions,byallsectorsofthecommunityalike.Second,startMunicipalGovernmentAffairsHallbuilt.OnMay11,webuiltandlaunchedthecity-governmentlobby,weresettledin12departments,strictimplementationoffirstaskingdutysystem,servicesystem,systemofgratuitous,"receiving,internalcoordination,headofthewindowhandle,limitedtimeconcluded"one-stopservice.Bytheendoftodaytoacceptvarioustypesof3,273,originallyofupto100%.　　RunningGovernmentAffairsHall,theconvenienceofthemasses,promotingopenGovernment,improvetheinvestmentenvironmentandsolvetheirpracticalproblems,andsodidalotofwork,masses,servethecommunityfortheGovernmenttoplayaverygood"window,link,model".Third,createacitygovernmentpublicaffairsnetwork.WerelyontheGovernmentWebsite,wascompletedonMay24,theprovince"sfirstpublicaffairsnetwork.Over 厚分层摊铺，并用符合要求的设备压实。每层都压实到图纸或工程师要求的压实度标准。回填土的含水量应严格控制。5、结构物回填前应在台背用油漆画好每一层的松铺厚度标志线，分层回填压实。填土过程中，应防止水的浸害，回填结束后，顶部应及时封闭。6、施工中要防止雨水渗入，对已有积水应挖排水沟或用水泵将其排除。7、夯实采用人工配合打夯机进行夯填密实。涵洞两侧紧靠边墙部分不得使用大型机械压实，防止涵身破损。四、施工注意事项(一）施工安全1、认真贯彻和落实国家有关安全生产法律法规，严格执行相关安全生产操作规则，加强职工安全生产教育，牢固树立“安全第一”的思想，坚持“安全生产、预防为主”的方针。2、施工过程中，所有施工人员必须按规定穿戴个人防护用品，配戴安全帽，遵守劳动纪律，严格按规章操作，坚决抵制违章操作现象。3、电工、电焊工、混凝土工、架子工、机械操作工等特种行业人员必须持证上岗，佩戴好防护用品。4、电焊工作业时必须穿戴工作服、绝缘鞋、电焊手套、防护面罩、护目镜等防护用品，高空作业必须系好安全带。雨后应清除积水后方可作业。5、焊接作业现场周围10米范围内不得堆放易燃、易爆物品。严禁在易燃、易爆气体或液体扩散区域内、运行中的压力管道和装有易燃易爆物品的容器内以及受力构件上焊接和切割。6、在潮湿环境施焊时焊工应在干燥的绝缘板或胶垫上作业。高空作业时必须使用标准的防火安全带并系在可靠的构架上。7、施焊完毕后必须拉闸断电，将地线和把线分开。确认现场无明火存在方可离开现场。8、使用切割机作业时应摆直、紧握钢筋，应在活动切刀向后退时送料入刀口，并在固定切刀一侧压住钢筋。严禁在切刀向前运动时送料。严禁两手同时在切刀两侧握住钢筋俯身送料。9、使用切割机切长料时应设置送料工作台，并设专人扶稳钢筋，操作时动作应一致。手握端的钢筋长度不得短于40厘米，手与切口间距不得小于15厘米。切断小于40厘米长的钢筋时，应用钢导管或钳子加牢钢筋。严禁直接用手送料。feelfreetolistentotheirvoicesandhelpthemassessolveproblems,wewereofficiallyopenedonMay10"12345"Mayorcalls,formulatedrulesandregulations,equippedwithafull-timestaff,a24-houron-dutysystem,peopletocalltoreceive,reply,action,reminders,feedbackandsoon.Byyearend,handledthecrowdcalls1076,94.7%feedbackrate.　　ByMayorcallsactivecoordinationtosolvealargenumberofbearsontheimmediateinterestsofthepeopleandissuesofgreatlives,butalsoforleadershipresearchanddecisiontocollectalotofgoodideasandsuggestions,byallsectorsofthecommunityalike.Second,startMunicipalGovernmentAffairsHallbuilt.OnMay11,webuiltandlaunchedthecity-governmentlobby,weresettledin12departments,strictimplementationoffirstaskingdutysystem,servicesystem,systemofgratuitous,"receiving,internalcoordination,headofthewindowhandle,limitedtimeconcluded"one-stopservice.Bytheendoftodaytoacceptvarioustypesof3,273,originallyofupto100%.　　RunningGovernmentAffairsHall,theconvenienceofthemasses,promotingopenGovernment,improvetheinvestmentenvironmentandsolvetheirpracticalproblems,andsodidalotofwork,masses,servethecommunityfortheGovernmenttoplayaverygood"window,link,model".Third,createacitygovernmentpublicaffairsnetwork.WerelyontheGovernmentWebsite,wascompletedonMay24,theprovince"sfirstpublicaffairsnetwork.Over 10、作业中严禁用手清除铁屑、断头等杂物。作业中严禁进行检修、加油、更换部件。11、场地周围必须设置警戒范围，拉上红丝带，竖立警示牌。写上“施工重地，闲人免入”告示牌。12、采用吊斗灌混凝土时，吊斗升降应设专人指挥。落斗前，下部的作业人员必须躲开，不得身倚栏杆推动吊斗。（二）环境保护1、文明施工:施工场地保持干净整洁,各种施工材料及施工机具按指定地点堆放整齐,并分别作出标识，不得随意摆放。2、施工完毕后，按要求对场地进行清理，并将生产、生活垃圾集中收集以便统一处理，严禁乱弃、乱倒，更不得向河流中倾倒。3、保证施工机械正常工作，尽量使噪声对周围环境和野生动物的影响降到最低限度再进行填筑施工。4、施工便道注意经常洒水保养，防止尘土飞扬、污染环境。编制：复核：签发：feelfreetolistentotheirvoicesandhelpthemassessolveproblems,wewereofficiallyopenedonMay10"12345"Mayorcalls,formulatedrulesandregulations,equippedwithafull-timestaff,a24-houron-dutysystem,peopletocalltoreceive,reply,action,reminders,feedbackandsoon.Byyearend,handledthecrowdcalls1076,94.7%feedbackrate.　　ByMayorcallsactivecoordinationtosolvealargenumberofbearsontheimmediateinterestsofthepeopleandissuesofgreatlives,butalsoforleadershipresearchanddecisiontocollectalotofgoodideasandsuggestions,byallsectorsofthecommunityalike.Second,startMunicipalGovernmentAffairsHallbuilt.OnMay11,webuiltandlaunchedthecity-governmentlobby,weresettledin12departments,strictimplementationoffirstaskingdutysystem,servicesystem,systemofgratuitous,"receiving,internalcoordination,headofthewindowhandle,limitedtimeconcluded"one-stopservice.Bytheendoftodaytoacceptvarioustypesof3,273,originallyofupto100%.　　RunningGovernmentAffairsHall,theconvenienceofthemasses,promotingopenGovernment,improvetheinvestmentenvironmentandsolvetheirpracticalproblems,andsodidalotofwork,masses,servethecommunityfortheGovernmenttoplayaverygood"window,link,model".Third,createacitygovernmentpublicaffairsnetwork.WerelyontheGovernmentWebsite,wascompletedonMay24,theprovince"sfirstpublicaffairsnetwork.Over'