建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收规范dbj --

'备案号：J11845-2011DBJ重庆市工程建设标准DBJ/T50-125-2011建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收规范Codeforacceptanceofconstructionqualityofbuildingfoundationengineering（征求意见稿）2011-05-31发布2011-08-01实施重庆市城乡建设委员会发布povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 关于发布建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收规范的通知渝建发〔2011〕80号各区县（自治县）城乡建委，两江新区建设管理局、北部新区建设管理局、高新区建设局、经开区建设局，有关单位：   现批准《建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收规范》为我市工程建设强制性标准，编号为：DBJ50-125-2011,自2011年8月1日起实施。   本规范中以黑体字标志的第3.0.3、4.2.8、4.3.8、5.2.11、5.2.14、5.2.15条为强制性条文，并通过住房和城乡建设部审查与备案（备案号为：J11845-2011），必须严格执行。   本规范由重庆市城乡建设委员会负责管理和强制性条文的解释，重庆市土木建筑学会负责技术解释。   二〇一一年五月三十一日povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 前言本规范是新编标准，系根据重庆市城乡建设委员会渝建[2005]158号文由重庆市土木建筑学会会同后勤工程学院等单位编制而成。本规范制定的原则是：遵循国家标准《建筑工程施工质量验收统一标准》（GB50300-2001）的精神；吸收重庆市建筑地基基础工程方面的科研成果和施工质量验收经验；着力解决重庆市建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收中带共性的问题；体现重庆市的地方特色；注重规范的系统性和可操作性。在编制过程中，调查总结了重庆市建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收实践经验，并以各种方式广泛征求了有关施工、监理、质监、检测、勘察、设计、科研、教学单位的意见，经反复讨论修改形成现稿。本规范共有七章六个附录，制定的主要内容如下：1.把验槽定义为对建筑地基基础工程施工中开挖到位的坑、槽、孔、坡所在岩土体地质性状是否与勘察设计文件相符进行确认的活动。用包括一般规定、浅基础施工验槽、桩基础施工验槽、人工地基施工验槽和基坑处理施工验槽五节的专章对验槽作出系统规定。2.要求用岩石单轴抗压强度和岩体完整程度双因素查验浅基础岩石地基承载力并作出具体规定。3.要求对各种基础的岩溶地基和由红粘土与下伏碳酸盐岩层组成的土岩组合地基，应采用勘探手段检查坑槽孔底下是否存在土洞或溶洞。4.提出了重庆地区常用的放坡、锚杆挡墙、悬臂桩、锚拉桩、重力式挡墙等岩石基坑和土质基坑处理结构施工质量验收要求。5.在多个方面明确区分人工挖孔灌注桩和机械成孔灌注桩对灌注桩施工质量验收进行规定。不将地基基础设计等级为甲级列入要求用静荷载试验方法进行承载力检验的情形。不将地基基础设计等级是否为甲级列为桩身质量抽检数量的决定因素。6.给出了属于验收试验性质的土基、岩基、单桩静载荷试验规则。7.给出了岩土体强度及承载力测试指标代表值确定规则。本规范由重庆市城乡建设委员会负责管理，由重庆市土木建筑学会负责具体技术内容的解释。在本规范执行过程中，希望各单位注意收集资料，总结经验，并将有关意见和建议反馈给后勤工程学院（邮编：400014；地址：渝中区长江一路58号；联系电话：13808323074；联系人：方玉树）。povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 本规范主编单位、参编单位、主要起草人和主要审查人员：主编单位：重庆市土木建筑学会后勤工程学院参编单位：重庆市建设工程勘察质量监督站重庆南江建设工程公司重庆华兴工程监理公司重庆市设计院重庆607勘察实业总公司重庆市基础工程公司重庆蜀通岩土工程有限公司主要起草人：方玉树黄家愉何平陈绍清胡明健陈希昌张国见张天友梁大福林道刚主要审查人员：povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 目次1总则42术语、符号52.1术语52.2符号63基本规定73.1施工质量保障基本要求73.2施工质量验收基本要求74验槽94.1一般规定94.2浅基础施工验槽104.3桩基础施工验槽114.4人工地基施工验槽134.5基坑处理施工验槽135基础验收155.1浅基础155.2桩基础156人工地基验收206.1一般规定205.2压实地基206.3换填地基216.4注浆地基227基坑处理验收237.1放坡237.2锚杆2637.3板、肋与格构247.4悬臂桩及锚拉桩2657.5重力式挡墙265附录A地基基础工程的子分部工程和分项工程划分26povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 附录B土基静荷载试验28附录C岩基静荷载试验29附录D岩土体强度及承载力测试指标代表值确定方法29附录E单桩静荷载试验30附录F锚杆验收试验31规范用词说明32引用标准名录33条文说明34povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 CONTENTS1．GeneralPrinciples42．TerminologiesandSymbols52.1Terminologies52.2Symbols63.BasicRegulations73.1BasicRequirementsofConstructionQualitySecurity73.2BasicRequirementsofConstructionQualityAcceptance74.ExaminingTrough94.1GeneralProvisions94.2ExaminingTroughofShallowFoundationConstruction104.3ExaminingTroughofPileFoundationConstruction114.4ExaminingTroughofArtificialFoundation134.5ExaminingTroughofFoundationPitTreatmentConstruction135FoundationAcceptances155.1ShallowFoundation155.2PileFoundation156.ArtificialGroundAcceptance206.1GeneralProvisions206.2CompactionGround206.3ChangingandFillingGround216.4GroutingGround227.FoundationPitTreatmentAcceptance237.1Step-Slope237.2Anchor237.3Plate,ribandlattice247.4CantileverPileandAnchoragePile257.5GravityRetainingwall26AppendixA.TheSubsectionprojectsofGroundFoundationengineeringandthedivisionofSubentryprojects26AppendixB.SoilFoundationStaticLoadTest28AppendixC.RockFoundationStaticLoadTest29AppendixD.DeterminationMethodforRock-SoilStrengthandBearingCapacityTestIndexRepresentativeValue29AppendixE.SinglePileStaticLoadTest30AppendixF.AnchorAcceptanceTest31ExplanationforCodeTerms32ListofReferenceStandards33ClauseExplanation34povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 1总则1.0.1为保证建筑工程中地基基础工程施工质量，统一验收要求，依据国家标准《建筑工程施工质量验收统一标准》（GB50300-2001），结合重庆地区地基基础工程特点，制定本规范。1.0.2本规范适用于重庆市建筑工程中地基基础工程施工质量验收。1.0.3本规范应与重庆市工程建设标准《工程地质勘察规范》（DBJ50-043-2005）和《建筑地基基础设计规范》（DBJ50-047-2006）配套使用。1.0.4建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收，除应符合本规范外，尚应符合国家现行有关标准的规定。povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 2术语、符号2.1术语2.1.1地基（补充英语）承担上方结构荷载的未经或已经人为改造的地质体或类似地质体的人为实体。2.1.2天然地基承担上方结构荷载的未经人为改造的地质体。2.1.3人工地基承担上方结构荷载的已经人为改造的地质体或类似地质体的人为实体。2.1.4基础用以向地基传递结构荷载的下部结构。2.1.5浅基础埋深小于底面宽度或直径且设计中不计侧面摩阻力的基础。2.1.6桩基础由桩向地基传递结构荷载的基础。2.1.7嵌岩桩基础桩嵌入基岩中的桩基础。2.1.8岩溶地基有岩溶现象的地基。2.1.9强夯地基经质量为10t以上、落距为10m以上的夯锤以1000kNm以上的能量重复夯击而变密实的地基。2.1.10注浆地基土（岩）体与注入的浆液结合所形成的地基。2.1.11基坑处理因基坑的边坡或底部岩土体不能稳定而进行放坡、加固或支护的活动。2.1.12建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收参与建设活动的单位对建筑地基基础工程施工质量是否合格共同进行确认的活动。2.1.13验槽对建筑地基基础工程施工中开挖到位的坑、槽、孔、坡所在povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 岩土体地质性状是否与勘察设计文件相符进行确认的活动。2.1.14检验批在生产条件相同的分项工程中按相同的方法采样获得的由一定数量样本组成的检验体。2.1.15主控项目工程中对安全、卫生、环境保护和公众利益起决定性作用的检验项目。2.1.16一般项目工程中对安全、卫生、环境保护和公众利益有影响但不起决定性作用的检验项目。2.1.17检验通过量测、检查和试验确定某项性能是否合格的活动。2.1.18抽样检验按规定的抽样方案随机从检验项目或进场的材料、购配件、设备中抽取一定数量的样本进行检验的活动。2.1.19见证取样在监理或建设单位全程监督下现场采取试样并送检的活动。2.2符号μk——指标标准值；mo——指标平均值；mi——指标测试值；n——参与统计的样本数量；y——统计修正系数；d——指标变异系数；s——指标标准差；——检验荷载下桩身弹性压缩量计算值；——桩的试验荷载；——桩身混凝土的弹性模量；——桩身截面面积；——桩穿越土层的长度。povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 3基本规定3.1施工质量保障基本要求3.1.1地基基础工程施工应有施工技术方案。地基基础工程施工技术方案未经监理和建设单位审核不应用于施工。地质环境复杂、相邻建筑物距离很近或基坑深度很大时，建设单位应组织建筑地基基础工程施工技术方案的专门论证。3.1.2地基基础工程施工过程中出现异常情况时，应暂停施工，保护现场，由监理或建设单位组织勘察、设计、施工等单位协商提出处理方案。有安全隐患时，在隐患消除前不应恢复施工。3.1.3地基基础工程施工应有验槽环节。3.1.4对地基基础工程施工中使用的钢材、钢绞线、砂、石、水泥、石灰和土工合成材料等原材料应按相应质量检验标准进行见证取样检验，对地基基础工程施工中使用的粉煤灰和外加剂等商品混凝土的原材料，应取得抽样复检证明。3.1.5地基基础工程中钢筋混凝土和砌体的质量验收应分别执行国家标准《混凝土结构工程施工质量验收规范》（GB50204-2002）和《砌体工程施工质量验收规范》（GB50203-2002）的有关规定。对混凝土质量有怀疑时，可对结构进行现场钻芯检测。3.1.6地基基础工程施工及质量验收中的检测应由具有相应资质的单位承担。3.2施工质量验收基本要求3.2.1地基基础工程在建筑工程验收中应列为分部工程，其子分部工程和分项工程可按附录A划分。地基基础工程中的分项工程一般可划为一个检验批，有地下层的基础应按不同地下层划分检验批，分段施工的基坑处理和人工地基应按不同施工段划分检验批。3.2.2地基基础工程施工质量应按检验批、分项工程和分部（子分部）工程的顺序进行验收。3.2.3地基基础工程的分项工程、分部（子分部）工程施工质量的验收应在施工单位自检合格并提出工程验收申请的基础上进行。3.2.4地基基础工程中主控项目质量符合检验标准时，主控项目质量应判定为合格。当基础、人工地基和基坑支护结构中主控项目质量不符合检验标准时，若经设计单位核算书面确认能够满足结构安全和使用功能的要求，主控项目质量可判定为合格；若未经设计单位核算或经设计单位核算确认不能满足结构安全和使用功能的要求，主控项目质量应判定为不合格。3.2.5主控项目质量不合格时，应提出处置方案，处理方案应经设计单位认可。povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 按处置方案完成的主控项目质量应按本规范重新检验。3.2.6地基基础工程中质量合格的检验批应符合下列要求：1主控项目全部合格、一般项目中每一检查项目的质量经抽样检验合格率不小于80%；2具有完整的施工操作依据和质量检查记录。3.2.7地基基础工程中质量合格的分项工程应符合下列要求：1所含检验批质量合格；2所含检验批质量验收记录完整。3.2.8质量合格的地基基础工程及其子分部工程应符合下列要求：1所含分项工程质量合格；2质量控制资料完整；3安全和功能检测资料完整；4主要功能项目抽查结果符合相关专业质量验收和检测规范的规定。3.2.9地基基础工程中的分项工程应由监理工程师组织施工项目专业技术负责人进行验收。地基基础工程及其子分部工程验收应由总监理工程师或建设单位项目负责人组织，由勘察、设计及施工单位项目负责人、技术负责人参加；若进行了现场见证检验或第三方检测，检测单位项目负责人和技术负责人也应参加。3.2.10地基基础工程施工质量验收时，施工单位应提供下列技术文件和记录：1工程地质勘察报告；2邻近建筑物和地下设施类型、分布、结构质量情况及变形观测记录；3地基基础工程施工图、设计变更及洽商记录；4地基基础工程施工组织设计或施工方案、技术交底记录；5工程施工定位测量放线和异常情况处理记录；6各种原材料、成品、半成品、设备等出厂合格证明书和试验报告；7原材料质量抽检资料、复验报告和配合试验报告；8岩土体强度参数及承载力检测报告；9基槽地下有无空洞的检查记录；10验槽记录；11隐蔽工程检查记录；12检验批、分项工程质量验收记录；13地基基础工程竣工图。povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 4验槽4.1一般规定4.1.1单位（子单位）工程或其施工段中的坑、槽、孔、坡开挖完成后，应及时验槽。4.1.2验槽应由建设单位组织勘察、设计、施工和监理等单位进行。4.1.3验槽应采用全面观察和抽样测试相结合的方法。观察应核对地质条件；抽样测试应检查岩土体强度参数或承载力是否达到设计要求。下列情形的验槽可仅采用全面观察方法，不必进行抽样测试：1勘察中岩土体强度参数和承载力系采用观察方法确定；2经观察判断岩土体强度参数和承载力明显达到设计要求。4.1.4验槽中抽样测试手段的可靠性不宜低于勘察所采用的测试手段，采用室内试验手段时应进行见证取样。地基静荷载试验应符合附录B和附录C的规定。4.1.5验槽中原位测试位置和室内试验的取样位置应有代表性，宜均匀分布，并应优先安排在强度较低和荷载较大的部位；对地基承载力和边坡稳定性起控制作用的岩土层均应有测试点或取样点，并应分类统计。每一取样点的取样数量应为1组。4.1.6验槽中采用室内单轴抗压强度试验手段时，现场采取的初级样品尺寸应满足室内取样数量和加工要求，并注明上下面；室内加工制成的单轴抗压试件应为圆柱体，其直径应为50mm，高度应为100mm。当设计无要求时，在建筑物使用期地基可能长时间被水浸泡或处于水位变动带的情况下岩石试样的含水状态应采用饱和状态，其它情况下应采用天然状态。4.1.7各批次验槽的测试结果统计时，对独立基础、无承台或独立承台桩基础、支护桩嵌固段和锚杆锚固段应以各基础、各桩和各锚杆为统计单元；对条形基础、片筏基础和条形承台桩基础，应以同批次同一岩土层为统计单元。每个统计单元的测试结果代表值应按附录D确定。4.1.8每批次验槽时，对独立基础、无承台或独立承台桩基础、支护桩嵌固段和锚杆锚固段，可以该批次内经查验岩土体强度参数和承载力达到设计要求的坑、槽、孔为标准，对该批次内同一岩土层的其它坑、槽、孔逐个采用类比法判断岩土体强度参数和承载力是否达到设计要求；对条形基础、片筏基础、条形承台桩基础和重力式挡墙基础，可直接用统计单元的测试结果代表值判断岩土体强度参数和承载力是否达到设计要求。4.1.9经初次验槽岩土体强度参数和承载力未达到设计要求时，在提出处置方案前，可选用如下措施进行第二次验槽：povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 1初次查验未进行抽样测试时，进行抽样测试；2初次查验进行了抽样测试时，改用更可靠的方法测试；3对条形基础、片筏基础、条形承台桩基础和重力式挡墙基础，初次查验进行了抽样测试时，增加检验点的数量。4.1.10经初次验槽岩土体强度参数和承载力未达到设计要求且未选用第4.1.9条所列措施或经第二次验槽岩土体强度参数和承载力仍未达到设计要求时，应提出处置方案。4.1.11按处置方案进行的坑、槽、孔、坡开挖完成后应重新验槽。4.1.12经验槽岩土体强度参数和承载力达到设计要求时，应及时进行下一工序的施工。当未及时进行下一工序施工并可能导致岩土体强度参数和承载力明显降低以至不满足设计要求时，应重新验槽。4.1.13验槽应形成验槽记录表，当进行了抽样测试时应附相应测试报告。4.2浅基础施工验槽4.2.1浅基础验槽时，全面观察应符合下列要求：1对土质地基，应核对土性，对砂土地基还应核对密实度和湿度，对碎石土和填土地基还应核对密实度，对粘性土地基还应核对其稠度状态。2对岩石地基，应核对岩性、岩石风化程度、坚硬程度和岩体完整程度。4.2.2浅基础验槽的抽样测试手段选择应符合下列要求：1对土质地基，可根据地基土的类型和状态选用动力触探、静力触探、室内土工试验和载荷试验等手段。除重庆市工程建设标准《工程地质勘察规范》（DBJ50-043-2005）已有规定外，当采用载荷试验以外的手段时，应有重庆地区类似工程经验。2对岩石地基，可根据地基岩体的完整性选用室内单轴抗压强度试验和载荷试验等手段。当地基岩体完整、较完整或较破碎时，可采用室内单轴抗压强度试验手段；当地基岩体破碎或极破碎时，应采用载荷试验手段。4.2.3浅基础验槽时，测试和采样的位置应位于基坑底部。4.2.4对独立基础分批次进行验槽时，每批次同一岩土层的检验点，对载荷试验不应少于1个，对其他试验不应少于3个；每一测试或采样基坑的测试点或采样点应为1个。4.2.5对条形基础和片筏基础分批次采用载荷试验查验地基承载力时，每批次同一岩土层的测试点数量应符合下列规定：1当基础底面总面积大于或等于3000m2时，测试点不应少于3个，且每增加3000m2povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 应增加1个测试点；2当基础底面总面积大于或等于1000m2而小于3000m2时，测试点不应少于2个；3当基础底面总面积小于1000m2时，测试点不应少于1个。4.2.6对条形基础和片筏基础分批次通过载荷试验以外的手段查验浅基础地基承载力时，每批次同一岩土层的取样和测试点数量应符合下列规定：1对土质地基，当基础底面总面积大于3000m2时，取样和测试点不少于9个，且每增加1000m2增加1个取样点；当基础底面总面积大于1000m2时，取样和测试点不少于6个；当基础底面总面积小于1000m2时，取样和测试点不少于4个。2对岩石地基，当基础底面总面积大于3000m2时，取样和测试点不少于6个，且每增加1500m2增加1个取样点；当基础底面总面积大于1000m2时，取样和测试点不少于3个；当基础底面总面积小于1000m2时，取样和测试点不少于2个。4.2.7采用岩石单轴抗压强度试验查验浅基础地基承载力时，每批次和每个取样点的地基条件系数应根据验槽时观察所获得的岩体完整程度按重庆市工程建设标准《工程地质勘察规范》（DBJ50-043-2005）的规定确定。4.2.8对条形基础和片筏基础，当因某批次地基承载力未达到设计要求而拟增加该批次检验点的数量重新确定该批次地基承载力时，该批次检验点的数量应增加1倍，用以确定地基承载力的测试参数应按检验点总数进行统计。4.2.9岩溶地基和由红粘土与下伏碳酸盐岩层组成的土岩组合地基浅基础施工验槽尚应采用勘探手段检查坑槽底下是否存在土洞或溶洞。4.2.10采用勘探手段检查浅基础坑槽底下是否存在土洞或溶洞时，宜先采用物探手段，后采用钻探手段，也可只采用钻探手段；对土质地基，也可采用钎探或小螺钻等手段。4.2.11采用勘探手段检查浅基础坑槽底下是否存在土洞或溶洞时，检查深度应符合下列要求：1对片筏基础,不应小于3米；2对条形基础,不应小于基底宽度的2倍且不应小于3米；3对独立基础，不应小于基底宽度的3倍且不应少于5米；4物探深度应大于其他类型勘探的深度。4.2.12采用物探手段检查浅基础坑槽底下是否存在土洞或溶洞时，勘探线应沿建筑物轴线布置。4.2.13采用钻探手段检查浅基础坑槽底下是否存在土洞或溶洞时，对物探发现的异常点应逐点检查；对物探未发现异常的地段应进行随机抽检，检查点数量应符合下列要求：1对条形基础和片筏基础,每个基础不应少于1个检查点且每50m2的基础底面总面积不应povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 少于1个检查点；2对独立基础，检查点数量不应小于物探未发现异常的基础总数的20%；3当发现有土洞或溶洞时，应在抽检范围加密抽检。4.2.14当未经物探直接采用钻探手段检查浅基础坑槽底下是否存在土洞或溶洞时，检查点数量应符合下列要求：1对条形基础和片筏基础,每个基础不应少于1个检查点且每30m2的基础底面总面积不应少于1个检查点；当发现有土洞或溶洞时，应逐个检查。2对独立基础，应逐个检查。4.3桩基础施工验槽4.3.1桩基础验槽时，全面观察应符合下列规定：1对挖孔桩的桩端桩侧土，应核对土性，对砂土还应核对密实度和湿度，对碎石土和填土还应核对密实度，对粘性土还应核对其稠度状态。2对挖孔桩的桩端桩侧岩石，应核对岩性、岩石风化程度、坚硬程度和岩体完整程度。3对取心钻孔桩的桩端桩侧土，应通过土心的观察核对土性。4对取心钻孔桩的桩端桩侧岩石，应通过岩心的观察核对岩性、岩石风化程度、坚硬程度和岩体完整程度。4.3.2桩基础验槽的抽样测试手段选择应符合下列要求：1对土质地基，可根据地基土的类型和状态选用超重型动力触探、室内土工试验和载荷试验等手段。当采用载荷试验以外的手段时，应有重庆地区类似工程经验。2对岩石地基，可根据地基岩体的完整性选用室内单轴抗压强度试验和载荷试验手段。当地基岩体完整、较完整或较破碎时，可采用室内单轴抗压强度试验手段；当地基岩体破碎或极破碎时，应采用载荷试验手段。4.3.3桩基础验槽中的测试和采样点，对嵌岩深度不小于1倍桩径的嵌岩桩应位于桩孔中桩嵌岩段的中部；对其它类型的桩应位于桩孔底部。4.3.4对无承台桩基础和独立承台桩基础分批次进行验槽时，每批次同一岩土层的检验点，对载荷试验不应少于1个，对其他试验不应少于3个；一个测试或取样桩孔的测试点或取样点应为1个。4.3.5对条形承台桩基础采用载荷试验查验桩基础地基承载力时，测试点数量应根据条形承台底面总面积按第4.2.5条确定。povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 4.3.6对条形承台桩基础采用超重型动力触探、室内土工试验和室内单轴抗压强度试验手段查验桩基础地基承载力时，测试和取样点数量应根据条形承台底面总面积按第4.2.6条确定。4.3.7采用岩石单轴抗压强度试验查验桩基础地基承载力时，每批次和每个取样点的地基条件系数应根据验槽时观察所获得的岩体完整程度按重庆市工程建设标准《工程地质勘察规范》（DBJ50-043-2005）的规定确定。4.3.8对条形承台桩基础，当因某批次地基承载力未达到设计要求而拟增加该批次检验点的数量重新确定该批次地基承载力时，该批次检验点的数量应增加1倍，地基承载力应按检验点总数量进行统计。4.3.9岩溶地基桩基础施工验槽尚应采用勘探手段检查其他桩孔底下是否存在溶洞。4.3.10采用勘探手段检查桩孔底下是否存在溶洞时，宜先采用物探手段，后采用钻探手段。4.3.11采用勘探手段检查桩孔底下是否存在溶洞时，检查深度应符合下列要求：1对端承桩，检查深度不应小于基底直径的3倍且不少于5米；2对嵌岩深度不小于一倍桩径的嵌岩桩，检查深度不应小于5米；3物探深度应大于钻探深度。4.3.12采用物探手段检查桩孔底下是否存在溶洞时，勘探线应沿建筑物轴线布置。4.3.13采用钻探手段检查桩孔底下是否存在溶洞时，对物探发现的异常桩孔应逐孔检查；对物探未发现异常的桩孔应进行随机抽检，检查点数量不应小于物探未发现异常的桩孔总数的20%。当发现有溶洞时，应逐孔检查。4.3.14当未经物探直接采用钻探手段检查桩孔底下是否存在溶洞时，检查点数量应符合下列要求：1对条形承台桩基础,每个承台不应少于1个检查点且检查点数量不应小于桩孔总数的50%；当发现有溶洞时，应逐孔检查。2对无承台或独立承台桩基础，应逐孔检查。4.4人工地基施工验槽4.4.1对机械辗压地基和换填地基，填方前应进行验槽。4.4.2机械辗压地基施工验槽应只采用全面观察的方法，换填地基施工验槽可只采用全面观察的方法。4.4.3机械辗压地基验槽应观察填方底面是否存在垃圾、树根等杂物，是否存在耕植土或松土，是否存在积水和淤泥的坑穴。povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 4.4.4换填地基验槽应核对坑槽底土的土性及状态。4.5基坑处理施工验槽4.5.1对基坑边坡进行处理时，应查验边坡开挖面。当设计支护结构中有锚杆时，尚应通过岩心查验锚孔锚固段；当设计支护结构中有桩时，尚应查验桩孔嵌固段；当设计支护结构为重力式挡墙或设计支护结构中有肋柱和挡板时，尚应查验相应基础的坑槽。4.5.2基坑边坡开挖面查验可只采用全面观察的方法，全面观察时应核对岩土分布、组成、性状，地下水，结构面特征，岩体完整性，边坡高度，边坡环境，边坡类别及边坡变形情况。4.5.3锚孔锚固段查验应符合下列要求：1全面观察时，对土层锚杆应核对锚固段土性和状态；对岩石锚杆应核对锚固段岩性、完整性和风化程度。2抽样测试时，对岩石锚杆应取锚固段岩样作天然单轴抗压强度试验，并根据抗压强度核对粘结强度。取岩样点应位于锚固段的中部，同一批次同一种岩石的锚固段取样点数量，对取芯钻进不应少于锚孔总数的3%且不应少于3个。每个取样锚孔的取样点应为1个。4.5.4嵌入岩石中的悬臂桩或锚拉桩，桩孔嵌固段查验应符合下列要求：1全面观察时，对挖孔桩应核对岩性、岩石风化程度、坚硬程度、岩体完整程度和结构面性状；对钻孔桩，应通过岩心的观察核对岩性、岩石风化程度、坚硬程度和岩体完整程度。2抽样测试时，应采样进行室内单轴抗压强度试验。取样点应位于嵌固段的中上部。4.5.5重力式挡墙基础施工验槽中的全面观察应符合第4.2.1条的要求，抽样测试应符合本章第二节有关条形基础施工验槽的规定。4.5.6肋柱和挡板基础施工验槽可只采用全面观察的方法，全面观察应符合第4.2.1条的要求。povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 5基础验收5.1浅基础5.1.1浅基础质量检验应以表5.1.1为标准。表5.1.1浅基础检验标准项序检查项目允许偏差或允许值检查方法主控项目1基础强度混凝土强度允许值不小于设计要求执行相关规范砂浆强度一般项目1轴线位置允许偏差（mm）±10测量仪器测量2基底进入持力层深度-30，+50尺量进入持力层最小深度3基础顶面高程0，－5测量仪器测量4基底平整度30用2m靠尺和楔形塞尺检查5基底长度±10（-10，+50）尺量最小长度6基底宽度±10（-10，+50）尺量最小宽度7基础高度±10尺量8基础台阶宽高比或坡率±0.5%尺量注：1钢筋制作安装和砌体施工的检查应执行相关规范；2括号内数据系针对原槽现浇基础的情况，原槽现浇基础的底面尺寸可以坑槽底面尺寸代替；3带锚杆基础的锚杆查验应符合本规范第7.2节的相关规定。5.2桩基础5.2.1对基桩应检查桩的位置、钢筋笼和混凝土的质量，对中小直径的灌注桩尚应检测承载力。5.2.2基桩承载力应采用静荷载试验或高应变物探方法进行检测。下列情形的灌注桩承载力应采用静荷载试验方法检测：1施工质量有疑问的桩；povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 2位于较厚回填土和淤泥等复杂地层中的机械成孔灌注桩；3采用其它检测方式的检测结论为Ⅲ类的桩；4用新工艺、新方法、新材料施工的桩。5.2.3基桩混凝土完整性可采用低应变物探进行检测。对混凝土完整性有怀疑时，可采用钻孔抽芯进行检测。5.2.4基桩混凝土强度可采用现场同强度取样进行检测。对混凝土强度有怀疑时，可采用钻孔抽芯进行检测。5.2.5基桩静荷载试验除应符合附录E的规定外还应符合《建筑基桩检测技术规范》（JGJ106-2003）的规定；高应变物探、低应变物探和钻孔抽芯的检测方法应符合《建筑基桩检测技术规范》（JGJ106-2003）的规定。5.2.6采用静荷载试验检测基桩的承载力时，单位（子单位）工程的同类型、同一施工条件、同种材料的基桩检验数量，对位于较厚回填土和淤泥等复杂地层中的机械成孔灌注桩和用新工艺、新方法、新材料施工的桩不应少于该类桩总数的1%且不应少于3根，同类型检测桩宜随机抽样均匀分布；对施工质量有疑问的桩和采用其它检测方式的检测结论为Ⅲ类的桩应全部检验。5.2.7采用低应变物探方法检测桩身质量时，单位（子单位）工程的同类型、同施工条件、同种材料的基桩检验数量不应少于该类桩总数的30%且不应少于20根，同类型检测桩宜随机抽样均匀分布，对柱下单桩和截面尺寸大于800mm×800mm或直径大于800mm的人工挖孔灌注桩应全数检测。5.2.8基桩现浇混凝土的充盈系数不应小于1.0。5.2.9人工挖孔灌注桩质量检验检验应以表5.2.9为标准。表5.2.9人工挖孔灌注桩检验标准项目序号检查项目允许值或允许偏差检验方法主控项目1混凝土强度允许值：不小于设计要求按本节规定及相关规范要求2桩身承载力允许值：不小于设计要求按本节规定及相关规范要求3桩身完整性按相关规范要求按本节规定及相关规范要求一般项目1进入持力层深度允许偏差（mm）：-30，+50尺量、验槽记录2横断面尺寸允许偏差（mm）：0，+50尺量3桩垂直度砼护壁允许值：0.５％吊垂线钢护筒允许值：1％povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 4桩底平整度允许值：30mm用2m靠尺和楔形塞尺检查5扩底桩扩底部分侧面斜率允许偏差：±2％尺量6桩顶位置独立承台下桩1根桩允许偏差：40mm测量、尺量72根桩沿长轴线方向允许偏差：60mm测量、尺量8垂直长轴线方向允许偏差：30mm测量、尺量9条形承台下桩沿长轴线方向允许偏差：100mm测量、尺量10垂直长轴线方向允许偏差：50mm测量、尺量11桩顶高程允许偏差：±10mm测量、尺量12钢筋笼主筋间距允许偏差：±10mm用钢尺量13箍筋间距或螺旋筋螺距允许偏差：±20mm用钢尺量14钢筋笼直径允许偏差：±10mm用钢尺量15钢筋笼长度允许偏差：±30mm用钢尺量16保护层允许偏差：±20mm用钢尺量注：1桩中心定位的放线测量偏差对群桩不应大于20mm，对单排桩不应大于10mm；2现浇基桩的底面和断面可以桩孔的底面和断面代替；3多排布筋及钢筋笼内结构布筋应符合《混凝土结构工程施工质量验收规范》（GB50204-2002）的规定；4桩顶位置以钢筋笼形心为准。5.2.10人工挖孔灌注桩混凝土浇筑前，应对孔底杂物和杂渣进行清理，排干孔内积水。有地下水时，应采用水下混凝土灌注法，且浇注桩顶高程高出设计高程不应小于0.25m。桩身混凝土浇注应设置串筒，串筒底口距离混凝土面高度不应超过2.0m，混凝土的浇筑应连续进行，不应留施工缝，混凝土每层的浇筑厚度不应超过700mm。5.2.11人工挖孔灌注桩同施工工艺、同配合比、同施工材料的混凝土试件每浇注30m3应有1组，且每根桩不应少于1组试件。5.2.12机械成孔灌注桩质量检验应以表5.2.12为标准。表5.2.12机械成孔灌注桩检验标准项目序号检查项目允许值或允许偏差检验方法D≤8000mmD>8000mm主控项目1混凝土强度允许值：不小于设计要求按相关规范要求2沉渣厚度允许值：50mm沉渣仪或重锤3单桩承载力允许值：不小于设计要求试验一般项目1进入持力层深度允许偏差（mm）：-50，+100检查钻进施工记录2直径允许偏差（mm）：-5，+50尺量钻头外径povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 3垂直度允许值：1％吊垂线、测斜仪4桩顶位置独立承台下基桩1根桩中心允许偏差：50mm允许偏差：60mm测量、尺量52根桩沿轴线允许偏差：D/6和80mm二者中的小值允许偏差：D/6和100mm二者中的小值测量、尺量6垂直轴线允许偏差：D/6和60mm二者中的小值允许偏差：D/6和80mm二者中的小值73根及以上桩沿轴线允许偏差：D/6和100mm二者中的小值允许偏差：D/6和120mm二者中的小值测量、尺量垂直轴线允许偏差：D/6和80mm二者中的小值允许偏差：D/6和100mm二者中的小值条形承台下基桩沿轴线方向允许偏差：D/4和120mm二者中的小值允许偏差：D/4和150mm二者中的小值测量、尺量垂直轴线允许偏差：D/6和100mm二者中的小值允许偏差：D/6和120mm二者中的小值测量、尺量桩顶高程（凿除浮浆后）允许偏差：±20mm测量、尺量钢筋笼主筋间距允许偏差：±10mm用钢尺量箍筋间距或螺旋筋螺距允许偏差：±20mm用钢尺量钢筋笼直径允许偏差：±10mm用钢尺量钢筋笼长度允许偏差：±30mm用钢尺量保护层厚度允许偏差：10mm用钢尺量支架垂直度允许值：不小于设计要求用钢尺量注：1对于嵌岩深度大于1倍桩径的嵌岩桩，沉渣厚度可作为一般项目；2桩顶位置应以钢筋笼形心为准；3D为桩径，对扩底桩指位于上部的直径未扩大部分的桩径；5桩进入持力层深度、直径和垂直度可以桩孔相应数据代替；6多排布筋及钢筋笼内结构布筋应符合《混凝土结构工程施工验收规范》（GB50204-2002）的规定。5.2.13基桩施工应进行钢筋笼和钢筋保护层检查。钢筋笼在孔口焊接加长时，同一断面主钢筋的接头数量不应超过主筋总数的50%。主筋竖向焊接质量应符合《钢筋焊接及验收规程》（JGJ18-96）的规定。5.2.14机械成孔桩浇注时，桩顶混凝土液面高程高出设计高程不应小于0.50m。5.2.15机械成孔灌注桩混凝土件取样应符合下列要求：1对直径小于800mm的灌注桩每5根桩不应少于1组且每个承台下的桩不应少于1组；2对直径不小于800mm的灌注桩每根桩应有1组；3同施工材料、同配合比、同生产工艺、同一工作班条件下施工的灌注桩不应少于1组。povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 5.2.16承台质量检验应以表5.2.6为标准。表5.2.16承台检验标准项序检查项目允许偏差或允许值检查方法主控项目1基础强度混凝土强度允许值不小于设计要求执行相关规范砂浆强度一般项目1轴线位置允许偏差（mm）±10测量仪器测量2桩边距0，+10尺量最小宽度3承台顶面高程0，－5测量仪器测量4承台底面平整度30用2m靠尺和楔形塞尺检查5承台底面宽度±10（-10，+50）尺量最小宽度6承台底面长度±10（-10，+50）尺量最小长度7承台高度±10尺量8承台台阶宽高比或坡率±0.5%尺量注：1钢筋制作安装的检查应执行相关规范；2括号内数据系针对原槽现浇承台的情况，原槽现浇承台的底面尺寸可以坑槽底面尺寸代替。povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 6人工地基验收6.1一般规定6.1.1人工地基检验时应有按设计要求进行的施工试验的成果资料。6.1.2人工地基检验应采用全面观察和抽样测试相结合的方法，当根据重庆地区经验判断地基承载力明显大于设计要求值时可不进行检测。6.1.3人工地基静载荷试验应符合附录B的规定。静载荷试验点高程应与基底高程一致，当两者不一致时，应参照第4章规定进行验槽。6.1.4地基承载力检测点应均匀布置，受力较大的部位及坡肩应有检验点。6.2压实地基6.2.1本节能用于由素填土组成的强夯地基和机械辗压地基施工质量验收，不能用于由成分为生活垃圾和大量工业垃圾的杂填土组成的强夯地基和机械辗压地基施工质量验收。6.2.2机械辗压地基填方前应核对基底高程，如在耕植土或松土上填方，应先将基底压实。6.2.3分层强夯地基施工和机械辗压地基施工质量应在现场分层进行检验。6.2.4强夯地基试夯区宜根据设计要求确定地基承载力、变形模量、影响深度、密实度（或压实系数）、夯锤重量、夯锤落距、夯击遍数、夯点位置、前后两遍间歇时间、最后两击夯沉量、夯击范围和填料质量。6.2.5压实地基试辗区施工宜根据设计要求确定密实度（或压实系数）、地基承载力、变形模量、分层厚度、辗压机重量、辗压遍数、辗压范围、填料的成份、级配、粒径和含水量。6.2.6压实地基施工质量验收应检测地基承载力、变形模量、影响深度和密实度（或压实系数）。6.2.7压实地基抽样检验应采用载荷试验方法并选用重型动力触探、超重型动力触探、核子密度仪、大重度试验等方法配合。对于荷载较小和变形要求较低的环境工程可不进行载荷试验。6.2.8采用载荷试验检测压实地基承载力不应少于3个点，且按人工地基面积计每3000㎡不少于1个点。用其它方法进行的测试不应少于9个点，且按人工地基面积计每300㎡不应少于1个点，其与载荷试验对比的试验不应少于3个点。应先将载荷试验的结果和用其它方法进行试验的结果建立经验关系，然后用其它方法进行试验，根据其它方法试验结果及两种方法试验结果的经验关系确定承载力。6.2.9压实地基各层密实度（或压实系数）应采用现场大重度试验方法测试，检测数量按人工地基面积计每300㎡不应少于1个点。povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 6.2.10压实地基施工质量检验应以表6.2.10为标准。表6.2.10压实地基检验标准项序检查项目允许偏差或允许值检查方法主控项目1地基承载力允许值：不小于设计要求现场鉴别、试验检测、勘察单位复核2变形模量一般项目1密实度（或压实系数）允许值：不小于设计要求现场鉴别、试验检测、勘察单位复核2夯击范围（超出基础范围距离）允许值：不小于设计要求测量仪器测量3底面高程允许偏差：±20mm测量仪器测量，填方施工前量测4顶面高程允许偏差：±20mm测量仪器测量6.2.11压实地基检验时应提供以下资料：1试夯、试辗资料；2施工过程记录资料；3试验检测资料。6.3换填地基6.3.1换填地基填方施工前应量测开挖坑槽的高程和尺寸。6.3.2换填地基施工质量验收应检测密实度（或压实系数）和地基承载力。6.3.3换填地基验收应采用全面观察与抽样测试相结合的方法，测试应采用超重型动力触探和大重度等方法，检测点的数量应符合下列规定：1对条形基础和片筏基础，当基础底面总面积小于或等于1000m2时，测试点不应少于6个；当基础底面总面积大于1000m2时，每增加200m2应增加1个测试点。3对独立基础，每根柱不应少于1个测试点。6.3.4换填地基施工质量检验应以表6.3.4为标准。表6.3.4换填地基检验标准项序检查项目允许偏差或允许值检查方法主控1地基承载力允许值：不小于设计要求现场鉴别、试验检测povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 项目2密实度（或压实系数）一般项目1换填范围（超出基础范围距离）允许值：不小于设计要求测量仪器测量，填方施工前量测2底面高程允许偏差：±20mm测量仪器测量，填方施工前量测3顶面高程允许偏差：±20mm测量仪器测量6.3.5换填地基检验时应提供以下资料：1施工过程记录资料；2试验检测资料。6.4注浆地基6.4.1本节能用于既有地基加固处理。6.4.2注浆地基应检查地基承载力、透水性和均匀性。6.4.3注浆地基施工中应经常抽查浆液的配比及主要性能指标，注浆过程中的压力控制。6.4.4注浆地基承载力可采用重型动力触探、超重型动力触探等手段进行估算检测，检测点数量应符合下列规定：1对条形基础和片筏基础，当地基加固面积小于或等于500m2时，测试点不应少于6个；当地基加固面积大于500m2时，每增加200m2应增加1个检测点。2对独立基础，每根柱不应少于1个检测点。6.4.5注浆地基透水性应采用压水试验进行检测，每块加固地基的检测点不应少于1个。6.4.6注浆地基均匀性应采用钻孔抽芯或人工开挖取样观察或采用重型动力触探、超重型动力触探及波速测试等方法进行检查，每块加固地基的检测点数量不应少于1点。6.4.7注浆地基质量检验应以表6.4.7为标准。表6.4.7注浆地基检验标准项序检查项目允许偏差或允许值检查方法主控项目1地基承载力允许值：不小于设计要求试验检测一般项目1地基透水性允许值：明显低于注浆前试验检测2注浆孔位允许偏差：±50mm用钢尺量3注浆孔深允许偏差：±100mm量测注浆管长度4地基均匀性允许值：明显优于注浆前观察、试验检测povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 7基坑处理验收7.1放坡7.1.1基坑放坡开挖质量检验应沿基坑边坡轴线方向每10米检测1个断面。7.1.2基坑边坡开挖质量检验应以表7.1.2为标准。表7.1.2基坑边坡检验标准项目序号检查项目允许偏差检验方法一般项目1轴线位置±100mm测量仪器测量2坡率±10%三角尺量测3坡底高程±50mm测量仪器测量7.2锚杆7.2.1本节锚杆包括锚杆、锚索和锚钉。7.2.2锚杆检查应每20根抽检1根。除锚钉外，同材料、同规格、同施工方法和同地质条件的非预应力锚杆中，进行抗拔验收试验的锚杆数量不应少于同类锚杆总数的2%且不应少于5根。同材料、同规格、同施工方法和同地质条件的预应力锚杆（索）中，进行抗拔验收试验的锚杆数量不应少于同类锚杆（索）总数的5%，且不应少于10根。预应力锚杆（索）的锁定力检查数量应为预应力锚杆（索）总数量的5%，且不少于3根。试验锚杆应随机抽样。对质量有疑问的锚杆也应抽样作验收试验。当验收锚杆不合格时应按锚杆总数的30%重新抽检；若再有锚杆不合格时应全数进行检验。锚杆验收试验应符合附录F的规定。7.2.3锚杆质量检验应以表7.2.3为标准。表7.2.3锚杆检验标准项目序号检查项目允许偏差或允许值检验方法主控项目1锚固段长度允许偏差：＋100mm查阅钻孔地质记录、尺量钻具2锚杆抗拔承载力允许值：不小于设计要求抗拔验收试验3预应力锚杆（索）的锁定力允许值：不小于设计要求povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 一般项目1锚杆位置允许偏差：±50mm尺量2锚杆间距允许偏差：±50mm尺量3锚杆直径锚杆(索)允许值：不小于设计要求尺量检查钻头直径锚钉允许值：不小于设计要求(或不小于锚筋直径15mm之和)用卡尺量钻头直径4锚杆倾角允许偏差：±1.0°罗盘、测斜仪测注：1设计对锚固段长度无明确要求时，可用锚杆长度取代锚固段长度；2锚固段长度、锚杆位置、锚杆间距、锚杆直径和锚杆倾角可以锚孔相应数据代替。7.2.4锚杆砂浆强度应进行见证取样检测，每30根同材料、同施工方法的锚杆应抽检1次，且每一工作班不应少于1次。7.2.5锚孔注浆材料应进行见证取样检测，施工时注浆管应插至距孔底10cm左右。锚杆安装及灌浆质量检验应以表7.2.5为标准。表7.2.5锚杆(索)安装及灌浆检验标准项目序号检查项目允许偏差或允许值检验方法主控项目1砂浆强度允许值：不小于设计要求砂浆抗压强度试验一般项目1锚筋长度锚杆(索)允许偏差：±30mm尺量锚钉允许偏差：±30mm尺量2充盈系数锚杆(索)允许值：≥1.0观察，查施工记录3锚钉允许值：≥1.0观察，查施工记录4支架高度允许偏差：±5mm尺量间距允许偏差：±50mm尺量5注浆压力允许值：不小于设计要求检查压力表7.2.6锚索制作安装质量检验应以表7.2.6为标准。钢垫板安装应牢固。表7.2.6锚索制作安装质量检验标准项目序号检查项目允许偏差或允许值检验方法一般项目1钢绞线安装时，其品种、级别、规格、数量设计要求观察，尺量2锚索编束的规格、组合形式设计要求观察、尺量3锚索长度允许偏差：±50㎜尺量4自由段防腐处理设计要求锚索下入前观察5扩张环、收缩环间距允许偏差：±20㎜观察、尺量6灌浆管深入长度允许偏差：-100㎜尺量7.2.7锚索孔灌浆必须采用孔底返浆灌注法。灌浆压力、锚固实际灌浆量不应povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 小于灌浆长度的理论计算量。7.3板、肋与格构7.3.1现浇混凝土肋柱、挡板与格构的混凝土强度应进行见证取样检测，每现浇30m3同材料、同施工方法的肋柱、挡板与格构应抽检1次，且每一工作班不应少于1次。7.3.2现浇混凝土肋柱、挡板与格构的质量检验应以表7.3.2为标准。表7.3.2现浇混凝土肋柱、挡板与格构检验标准项目序号检查项目允许偏差或允许值检验方法主控项目1混凝土强度允许值：不小于设计要求混凝土抗压试验一般项目1轴线位置允许偏差：±20mm尺量2断面尺寸允许偏差：±20mm尺量3坡度允许偏差：±0.5%坡度尺量4表面平整度允许偏差：±10mm2m靠尺或楔形塞尺检查5伸缩缝宽度允许偏差：±10mm尺量6挡板泄水孔截面尺寸允许偏差（mm）：0，20尺量外倾斜度允许值：不小于设计要求目测7反滤层厚度允许偏差：±50mm尺量8肋柱、挡板进入持力层深度允许偏差（mm）：-30，+50尺量进入持力层最小深度7.3.3喷射混凝土面层中钢筋网的铺设施工应符合下列要求：1钢筋网的形状应与坡面起伏一致；2钢筋网与锚杆或其它锚固装置的连接应牢固；3当设计采用双层钢筋网时，第二层钢筋网应在第一层钢筋网被混凝土覆盖后铺设，第二层混凝土喷射应在前一层混凝土喷射终凝后进行。7.3.4喷射钢筋（网）混凝土质量检验应以表7.3.4为标准；表7.3.4喷射混凝土钢筋（网）检验标准项目序号检查项目允许偏差或允许值检验方法一般1网格尺寸允许偏差：±10mm尺量povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 项目2钢筋（网）与受喷岩面的净间距允许偏差：±30mm3网的长、高允许偏差（mm）：－50，＋1004双层钢筋（网）层间距允许偏差：±15mm尺量5保护层厚度允许偏差：±10mm尺量7.3.5混凝土（砂浆）强度应每喷射50m3抽检1次且一个工作班应抽检1次。7.3.6喷射混凝土面层厚度应采用凿孔或钻孔方法检测。每50m2喷层面积应抽检1组；芯样直径为100mm时，每组不应少于3个样；芯样直径为50mm时，每组不应少于6个样。7.3.7喷射混凝土（砂浆）质量检验应以表7.3.7为标准。表7.3.7喷射混凝土（砂浆）检验标准项目序号检查项目允许偏差或允许值检验方法主控项目1强度等级混凝土允许值：不小于设计值抗压强度试验砂浆一般项目1喷层厚度平均值允许值：不小于设计值凿孔、钻孔检查最小值允许值：不小于设计值90%2钢筋保护层厚度允许偏差：±10mm凿孔检查3泄水孔截面尺寸允许偏差（mm）：0，20尺量外倾斜度允许值：不小于设计要求目测4伸缩缝宽度允许偏差：±10mm尺量7.4悬臂桩与锚拉桩7.4.1悬臂桩质量检验应符合本规范第5章第5.2节的相关要求。7.4.2锚拉桩中桩部分的质量检验应符合本规范第5章第5.2节的相关要求；锚杆部分的质量检验应符合本规范第8章第8.3节的要求。7.5重力式挡墙7.5.1重力式挡墙的基础质量验收应符合本规范第5章的相关规定。7.5.3重力式挡墙检查应沿支护基坑边坡延伸方向每10米检测1个断面。7.5.4重力式挡墙的质量检验应以表7.5.4为标准。povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 表7.5.4重力式挡墙检验标准项目序号检查项目允许偏差或允许值检验方法主控项目1强度等级混凝土允许值：大于设计要求混凝土抗压试验砂浆一般项目1平面位置允许偏差：±20mm尺量2断面尺寸允许偏差：±20mm尺量3坡度允许偏差：±0.5%三角尺量4表面平整度允许偏差：±10mm2m靠尺检查5伸缩缝宽度允许偏差：±10mm尺量6泄水孔截面尺寸允许偏差（mm）：0，20尺量外倾斜度允许值：大于设计要求目测7反滤层厚度允许偏差：±50mm尺量附录A地基基础工程的子分部工程和分项工程划分A.0.1地基基础工程的子分部工程和分项工程可按表A.0.1划分。表A.0.1地基基础的子分部工程和分项工程划分子分部工程分项工程基坑处理放坡，排桩，降水，排水，地下连续墙，锚杆，土钉墙，水泥土桩，沉井与沉箱，钢及混凝土支撑，挡墙，板肋，格构人工地基灰土地基、砂和砂石地基、碎砖三合土地基，土工合成材料地基，粉煤灰地基，重锤夯实地基，强夯地基，振冲地基，砂桩地基，预压地基，高压喷射注浆地基，土和灰土挤密桩地基，注浆地基，水泥粉煤灰碎石桩地基，夯实水泥土桩地基桩基础锚杆静压桩及静力压桩，预应力离心管桩，钢筋混凝土预制桩，钢桩，混凝土灌注桩（成孔、钢筋笼、清孔、水下混凝土灌注）混凝土基础模板、钢筋、混凝土，后浇带混凝土，混凝土结构缝处理砌体基础砖砌体，混凝土砌块砌体，配筋砌体，石砌体povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 附录B土基静荷载试验B.0.1本附录能用于浅部土层和破碎或极破碎岩层在承压板下应力主要影响范围内的承载力检验。B.0.2承压板面积不应小于0.25m2,对软土和破碎或极破碎岩层不应小于0.5m2,对填土不应小于1.0m2。B.0.3试验基坑宽度不应小于承压板宽度或直径的3倍。试验时应保持试验土层的原状结构和天然湿度，且宜在承压表面用粗砂或中砂找平，其厚度不应超过20mm。B.0.4荷载应按设计要求的容许基底压力的1.1倍分级施加，荷载分级不应少于4级。B.0.5当地基未出现破坏迹象、荷载与沉降曲线平缓且承压板沉降量与其宽度或直径之比不超过0.025时，地基承载力可视为满足设计要求。附录C岩基静荷载试验C.0.1本附录能用于完整、较完整和较破碎岩体作为浅基础和桩基础地基时的承载力检验。C.0.2试验应采用圆形刚性承压板，其直径应为300mm。当岩石埋藏深度较大时，可采用钢筋混凝土桩，但应采取措施消除桩周与土之间的摩擦力。C.0.3加载前应每隔10min读数一次，连续三次读数不变时可开始加载。C.0.4荷载应按设计要求的容许基底压力的1.2倍分级施加，荷载分级不应少于4级。C.0.5加载应采取单循环方式逐级递增，然后分级卸荷。C.0.6加载后应立即读数，以后应每隔10min读数一次。连续三次读数之差均不大于0.01mm时，可加下一级荷载。C.0.7当地基未出现破坏迹象且荷载与沉降曲线平缓时，地基承载力可视为满足设计要求。povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 附录D岩土体强度及承载力测试指标代表值确定方法D.0.1当参与统计的样本数量不少于6个时，测试指标代表值应按下式计算：（D.0.1-1）（D.0.1-2）（D.0.1-3）（D.0.1-4）（D.0.1-5）式中μk——指标标准值；mo——指标平均值；mi——指标测试值；n——参与统计的样本数量；y——统计修正系数；d——指标变异系数；s——指标标准差。D.0.2当参与统计的样本数量为3～5个时，若极差小于或等于平均值的30%，测试指标代表值可取平均值；若极差大于平均值的30%，测试指标代表值应取最小值。D.0.3当参与统计的样本数量为2个时，测试指标代表值应取较小值。povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 附录E单桩静荷载试验E.0.1荷载应按设计要求的容许单桩荷载的1.6倍分级施加。E.0.2对于岩质地基，试桩的总沉降量与桩身弹性压缩量之差或荷载全部卸除后的残余变形小于4mm时，试桩承载力可视为合格。E.0.3桩身的弹性压缩量应按下式计算：（E.0.3）式中——检验荷载下桩身弹性压缩量计算值，mm；——桩的试验荷载，kN；——桩身混凝土的弹性模量，MPa；——桩身截面面积，mm2；——桩穿越土层的长度，m。附录F锚杆验收试验F.0.1预应力锚杆（索）的张拉应在锚墩混凝土和锚固砂浆达到设计规定的强度后进行。F.0.2其检验荷载，对永久锚杆（索）应为设计要求的容许锚杆（索）拔力的1.1倍、对临时锚杆（索）应为设计要求的容许锚杆（索）拔力的0.9倍，并分4至5次施加。F.0.3预应力锚杆（索）的质量验收检测试验应遵守下列规定：1验收试验应分级加荷，起始荷载宜为锚杆拉力设计值的0.3倍，分级加荷值分别为拉力设计值的0.5、0.75、1.0、1.2、1.33和1.5倍，但最大试验荷载不应大于杆体承载力标准值的0.8倍。2验收试验中，当荷载每增加一级，均应稳定5~10min，记录位移读数。最后一级试验荷载应维持10min，如果在1~10min量超过1.0mm，则该级荷载应再维持50min，并在15、20、25、30、45和60min时记录位移量。F.0.4达到下列要求的锚杆（索）的质量可视为合格：1验收试验中，从50%拉力设计值到最大试验荷载之间所测得的总位移量大于povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 该荷载范围自由段长度预应力筋理论弹性伸长值的80%且小于自由段长度与1/2锚固段长度之和的预应力筋的理论弹性伸长值。2最后一级荷载作用下的位移观测期内，锚头位移稳定或2h蠕变量不大于2.0mm。本规范用词说明为便于执行本规范条文，对本规范条款表述所用的助动词说明如下：1“应”和“不应”用于表示要准确地符合标准而应严格遵守的要求。“应”等效于“有必要”、“要求”、“要”和“只有……才允许”，“不应”等效于“不允许”、“不准许”、“不许可”和“不要”。2“宜”和“不宜”用于表示在几种可能性中推荐特别适合的一种，不提及也不排除其他可能性，或表示某个行动步骤是首选但未必是所要求的，或（以否定形式）表示不赞成但也不禁止某种可能性或行动步骤。“宜”等效于“推荐”和“建议”，“不宜”等效于“推荐不”、“推荐……不”、“建议不”和“建议……不”。３“可”和“不必”用于表示在标准的界限内所允许的行动步骤。“可”等效于“允许”、“许可”和“准许”，“不必”等效于“不需要”和“不要求”。4“能”和“不能”用于陈述由材料或其它原因导致的能力，“能”等效于“能够”，“不能”等效于“不能够”。引用标准名录国家标准《混凝土结构工程施工质量验收规范》（GB50204-2002）国家标准《砌体工程施工质量验收规范》（GB50203-2002）国家行业标准《建筑基桩检测技术规范》（JGJ106-2003）国家行业标准《钢筋焊接及验收规程》（JGJ18-96）重庆市工程建设标准《工程地质勘察规范》（DBJ50-043-2005）重庆市工程建设标准《建筑地基基础设计规范》（DBJ50-047-2006）povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 重庆市工程建设标准建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收规范DB50-***-2010条文说明2010重庆povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 制订说明关于我市建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收，目前遵循的是国家标准《建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收规范》（GB50202-2002）。该标准对规范建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收发挥了重要作用。但由于重庆是典型的山区，有特殊的地质条件，该标准尚不能完全满足规范重庆市建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收的需要。在我市建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收工作中，出现一些问题，如：验槽与基础验收界限模糊、验槽与施工勘察和补充勘察界限模糊、验槽外延内涵模糊、验槽工作部署各唱各调；单纯用岩石单轴抗压强度查验岩石地基承载力；不少工程在桩基础施工验槽时，不加区分地对单柱单桩的大直径嵌岩桩孔底下不小于3倍桩径且不小于5m的深度范围进行抽心检查；对灌注桩施工质量验收时不区分人工挖孔灌注桩和机械成孔灌注桩。这些问题对我市建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收工作的顺利开展，对我市建筑地基基础工程的安全和经济有不利影响。近十余年来，重庆面临西部大开发、三峡工程建设和直辖三大机遇，工程建设大规模发展，特别需要有适当的标准来规范建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收工作。因此，编制重庆市建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收规范势在必行。本规范把验槽与基础验收、验槽与施工勘察明确地区分开来。用专章对验槽作出的系统规定有望消除当前实际工程中验槽工作手段、工作深度和工作量各行其是、不同参建单位意见不一的情况。关于建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收的规定使验收要求更加明确、更加合理。对一些工程，在保障安全度的前提下降低了工程成本；对另一些工程，保障了工程安全度。我市地处山区，地质条件特殊。十多年以来，我市有自己的工程地质勘察规范和建筑地基基础工程设计规范，但一直没有建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收规范。重庆市建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收规范的编制使我市在建筑地基基础工程勘察、设计和施工质量验收方面形成了完整的配套的标准体系。povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 目次1总则42术语、符号52.1术语52.2符号63基本规定73.1施工质量保障基本要求73.2施工质量验收基本要求74验槽94.1一般规定94.2浅基础施工验槽104.3桩基础施工验槽114.4人工地基施工验槽134.5基坑处理施工验槽135基础验收155.1浅基础155.2桩基础156人工地基验收206.1一般规定206.2压实地基207基坑处理验收237.1放坡237.2锚杆263povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 1总则1.0.1重庆是典型的山区，地质条件特殊，斜坡多、岩石多、洞穴多、填土多、变化多，国家标准《建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收规范》（GB50202-2002）尚不能完全满足规范重庆市建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收的需要。近十余年来，重庆面临西部大开发、三峡工程建设和直辖三大机遇，工程建设大规模发展，特别需要有适当的标准来规范建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收工作。因此，编制重庆市建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收规范势在必行。1.0.2根据施工工艺技术和质量评定分开的原则，本规范基本不涉及建筑地基基础工程施工工艺技术问题。在本规范中，“建筑”一词取其狭义，指各种房屋及其附属构筑物。1.0.3重庆市工程建设标准《工程地质勘察规范》（DBJ50-043-2005）和《建筑地基基础设计规范》（DBJ50-047-2006）都是根据重庆地区的地质特点编制的，有重庆地方特色，本规范与它们配套使用是必然要求，既可避免重复规定，也可减少规定之间的矛盾从而减少执行规范中的困惑。风化程度的划分（在重庆不是五分而是三分）就是一个典型的例子。根据勘察、设计和施工质量验收三类规范的分工，凡是与建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收有关的事项均应执行本规范的规定。1.0.4作出本条规定是基于本规范没有包罗万象，对重庆地区很少遇到的建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收情形（如：复合地基、土工合成材料地基、预压地基、预制桩基础、地下连续墙基础、沉井基础、沉箱基础、水泥土桩墙支护、钢或混凝土支撑系统）未进行规定。对本规范未涉及的部分应执行国家标准《建筑工程施工质量验收统一标准》（GB50300-2001）、《建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收规范》（GB50202-2002）及其它相关标准的规定。povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 2术语、符号2.1术语2.1.1、2.1.4关于地基和基础这两个术语，本规范没有采用现行相关国标的如下定义：地基是“支承基础的土体和岩体”；基础是“将结构所承受的各种作用传递到地基上的结构组成部分”。对此作如下说明：1.上述对地基和基础的定义没有达到定义的目的。对地基的定义依赖对基础的定义，对基础的定义又依赖对地基的定义。根据对基础的定义，地基是“支承‘将结构所承受的各种作用传递到地基上的结构组成部分’的土体和岩体”，这样对地基的定义中将有“地基”一词；根据对地基的定义，基础是“将结构所承受的各种作用传递到‘支承基础的土体和岩体’上的结构组成部分”，这样对基础的定义中将有“基础”一词。因而上述对地基和基础的定义都没有达到定义的目的，人们还是不明白什么是地基，什么是基础。由此可见，对两个不同术语的定义应单向依赖或互不依赖而不应互相依赖、互为前提。2.上述对地基的定义未涵盖所有人工地基。人工地基中的土工合成材料和高压喷射注浆桩、水泥土搅拌桩、灰土挤密桩、夯实水泥土桩、水泥粉煤灰碎石桩等增强体材料以及灰土地基土，因不由或不完全由碎石土、砂土、粉土、粘性土组成而不是素填土，又因不是或不含建筑垃圾、工业废料和生活垃圾而不是杂填土，也就是说按相关规范中土的分类规定，这些材料不属于土。因此，对地基的定义没有涵盖所有人工地基。3.基础未必能将结构所承受的各种作用都传递到地基上。结构所承受的作用有直接作用（即荷载）和间接作用之分，间接作用包括地面运动、地基不均匀变形、温度变化和材料胀缩。因材料种类和引起温度变化的原因不同，结构中的温度变化和材料胀缩未必都能通过基础传递到地基上，地面运动和地基不均匀变形则是通过基础传递到结构上。4.上述对地基和基础的定义未能将地基与边坡和洞室围岩、基础与边坡支护结构和洞室围岩支护结构明显区分开来。地基与边坡和洞室围岩的区别是：地基主体位于结构下方，地基承担着该结构的竖向荷载。基础与边坡支护结构和洞室围岩支护结构的区别是：基础位于结构下部，传递着该结构的竖向荷载。但根据上述对地基和基础的定义，地基似乎包括了边坡和洞室围岩，基础似乎包括了边坡支护结构和洞室围岩支护结构。本规范给出的定义则不存在上述问题。povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 2.1.5根据本规范对浅基础的定义，一个基础要同时满足两个条件才是浅基础：一是埋深小于底面宽度或直径，二是设计中不计侧面摩阻力。桩基础（无论是端承型桩基础还是摩擦型桩基础）、沉井基础、沉箱基础、地下连续墙基础都不同时满足这两个条件，因而都不是浅基础。独立基础、条形基础和片筏基础同时满足这两个条件，因而都是浅基础。2.1.6关于桩基础这个术语，本规范没有采用现行相关国标的如下定义：桩基础是“由设置于岩土中的桩和连接于桩顶端的承台组成的基础”。原因是：1.该定义未涵盖重庆地区广泛存在的一柱一桩情况。在一柱一桩情况下，要么没有承台要么有承台但承台不起桩间连接作用。2.该定义中“设置于岩土中”一语多余。设置于岩土中是桩的属性，不存在未设置于岩土中的桩。本规范给出的定义则不存在上述问题。2.1.7本规范对嵌岩桩基础的定义没有涉及嵌岩深度与桩径之比，原因是：无论嵌岩深度与桩径之比是多大，只要设计上要求桩嵌入基岩中，验收时都应查验桩是否嵌入基岩中、桩嵌入基岩中的深度是否达到设计要求。2.1.9关于强夯地基这个术语，本规范没有采用现行相关国标的如下定义：强夯地基是“工艺与重锤夯实地基类同，但锤重与落距要远大于重锤夯实地基”。原因是：1.该定义是对重锤夯实和强夯二种地基处理方法的解释而不是对重锤夯实地基和强夯地基二种人工地基类型的定义。2.该定义没有明确区分重锤夯实地基和强夯地基。锤重为某值、落距为某值时，相应的地基是重锤夯实地基还是强夯地基无法根据定义予以区分。本规范给出的定义则不存在上述问题。2.1.10关于注浆地基这个术语，本规范没有采用现行相关国标的如下定义：注浆地基是“将配置好的化学浆液和水泥浆液，通过导管注入土体孔隙中，与土体结合，发生物化反应，从而提高土体强度，减小其压缩性和渗透性”。原因是：该定义是对注浆这种地基处理方法的解释而不是对注浆地基这种人工地基类型的定义。本规范给出的定义则不存在这个问题。2.1.12本规范对建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收的定义没有比照现行相关国标对建筑工程施工质量验收的定义包含“在施工单位自行质量检查评定的基础上”、“进行抽样复验”和“以书面形式……做出确认”等内容。原因是：1.施工单位自行质量检查评定是工程验收开始前应做的工作，而不是工程验收过程中应做的工作。将“在施工单位自行质量检查评定的基础上”写入定义，使《建筑工程施工质量验收统一标准》（GB50300-2001）的强制性条文（“povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 单位工程完工后，施工单位应自行组织有关人员进行检查评定，并向建设单位提交工程验收报告”）及专业工程验收规范中的自检规定成为多余，当施工单位未“自行质量检查评定”时，“对工程质量达到合格与否做出确认”的过程因不符合工程施工质量验收的定义而不是工程施工质量验收。2.抽样复验不是实际验收工作的唯一方法。工程施工质量验收是一个过程，在这个过程中，抽样复验以外的工作也是工程施工质量验收的组成部分。在方法上，只提抽样复验相当于将很多具体验收工作（如验槽和人工地基验收中的全面观察、外观质量检查评定）排斥在工程施工质量验收范畴之外。具体的方法有多种时完全可以通过条文来作出规定。事实上，《建筑工程施工质量验收统一标准》（GB50300-2001）中有多处已经对方法专门作出了规定。3.书面只是验收结果的表达形式，而不是验收过程中的全部工作方式，只提书面相当于将形成书面材料之前的工作（如讨论协商）排斥在建筑工程施工质量验收范畴之外。具体的形式有多种时完全可以通过条文来作出规定。事实上，《建筑工程施工质量验收统一标准》（GB50300-2001）已经对形式专门作出了规定。本规范给出的定义则不存在上述问题。2.1.13验槽是建筑地基基础工程施工中一个十分重要的环节，但一直没有相应定义。本规范的定义既说明了验槽所指的对象——开挖到位的坑、槽、孔、坡所在岩土体，又说明了验槽所指的内容——对地质性状是否与勘察设计文件相符进行确认的活动。在本规范中，验槽与基础验收是两回事，验槽不包括基础验收。验槽验的是岩土体，岩土体性状影响工程安全，但岩土体性状与施工质量无关；基础验收验的是基础，基础是施工产品，基础的性状如何是一个施工质量问题。显然，验槽合格不等于基础验收合格。不过，在实际工作中存在的验槽与基础验收使用同一张表格的现象也是允许的，只要同时满足本规范关于验槽与基础验收的要求便可。2.1.16本规范对一般项目的定义没有采用现行相关国标的如下定义：一般项目是“主控项目以外的检验项目”。原因是这个定义没有说明一般项目与主控项目的共性。本规范给出的定义则不存在这个问题。2.2符号本节列出的符号出现在附录中。povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 3基本规定3.1施工质量保障基本要求3.1.1地质环境复杂、相邻建筑物距离很近和基坑深度很大三者满足其一时，即应进行建筑地基基础工程施工技术方案的专门论证。地质环境复杂程度通过查阅工程地质勘察报告获得，“相邻建筑物距离很近”系指建筑地基基础工程施工不当将危及相邻建筑物安全的情形，“基坑深度很大”系指基坑深度超规范的情形。3.1.4因地基基础施工有间歇性，商品混凝土供应商面对所有的市场，单独作见证取样不容易操作，故对粉煤灰和外加剂等商品混凝土的原材料，未要求进行见证取样检验而要求获得抽样复检证明。3.1.5国家标准《混凝土结构工程施工质量验收规范》（GB50204-2002）和《砌体工程施工质量验收规范》（GB50203-2002）对钢筋混凝土和砌体的质量验收已有规定，本规范不再具体列出。3.2施工质量验收基本要求3.2.1建筑地基基础工程验收时应先验收地基，只有地基通过了验收，才可以验收基础。地基和基础的检验批划分可以不完全统一和对应。3.2.3施工单位自检合格应按相关的质量控制规范和标准要求提供证明材料。3.2.5处置方案应由原设计单位提出或经原设计单位同意。3.2.6“一般项目中各个检查项目的质量经抽样检验合格率不小于80%”是指对检验批中的每一个一般项目所检查数量中的合格点占所检查总数量的百分数不小于80%。比如共有三个检查项，这三个检查项中的每一个的合格率都不小于80%，才可确定合格。完整的施工记录是指按建设工程管理规定对施工过程、质量检查、质量验收、试验、检测及完善相应手续的记录资料包括文字材料、图表、图片、声像。3.2.10工程地质勘察报告和地基基础工程施工图应是按规定审查通过的勘察设计文件。施工单位技术文件和记录应按建设工程档案管理规范和管理规定形成文字、图、表、图片、声像和电子资料等记录资料。当工程中不存在某一情形或按本规范规定不需要做某类检测检查时，自然无需附相应检测检查报告或记录。povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 4验槽4.1一般规定4.1.1要求及时验槽是因为岩土暴露后易受外界因素影响而弱化，而及时验槽有利于及时进行下一道工序从而减小岩土暴露的时间。根据第4.1.3条规定，验槽的一般方法是全面观察和抽样测试相结合。其中抽样测试通常需要在开挖完成前就进行（嵌岩深度大于一倍桩径的嵌岩桩更是如此），这既可以减小岩土暴露的时间，提高验槽效率，又可以在满足采样和测试位置要求的同时减小对地基的损伤。4.1.3全面观察和抽样测试相结合是对验槽的一般要求。有两种特殊情况的验槽不必进行抽样测试，其中，在验槽时经观察判断岩土体强度参数和承载力明显达到设计要求的情形包括：1同一种土密实程度或稠度的提高，如：由中密变成密实、由可塑变成硬塑；2同一种岩石在完整性不降低的条件下风化程度的降低，如：由强风化变成中风化；3同一种岩石在风化程度不提高的条件下完整性的提高，如：由破碎变成较完整；4一种较软的岩石在风化程度不提高和完整性不降低的条件下变成另一种较硬的岩石，如：属于极软岩的泥岩变成属于较软岩的砂岩。4.1.4本条是对验槽中需要进行抽样测试时测试手段选择的规定，此规定对第4.1.3条规定的那两种验槽中不必进行抽样测试的情形不适用。在附录B和附录C中，容许基底压力（准确地说是容许基底平均压应力）是国家标准《建筑地基基础设计规范》（GB50007-2002）所称的地基承载力特征值。该规范中的地基承载力特征值实际上是经试验统计和经验判断得到的容许基底压力，将这样的容许基底压力称为地基承载力特征值是不恰当的，这是因为：一方面，标准值包括了特征值和公称值，特征值是统计值，公称值是经验值，特征值涵盖不了公称值；另一方面，涉及材料强度的标准值应以极限状态下的试验数据为基本数据，地基承载力涉及材料强度，其标准值（包括特征值）应以极限状态下的试验数据为基本数据，容许基底压力不是以地基极限荷载的试验数据为基本数据，故不能称为地基承载力特征值或地基承载力标准值。由此可见，地基承载力特征值这一术语既混淆了标准值与特征值的关系也模糊了涉及材料强度的标准值和特征值的概念，它既不属于特征值和标准值，也概括不了实际存在的公称值。还需说明的是，附录B和附录C中的载荷试验是验收试验，不是基本实验（性能试验），如同锚杆试验区分了验收试验和基本实验一样。限于本规范的性质，本规范povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 不对出于提高地基承载力取值的目的而在施工中进行的破坏性载荷试验作出规定。4.1.5对地基承载力起控制作用的岩土层是指持力层，对边坡稳定性起控制作用的岩土层是指潜在破坏面穿过的土层或岩层。分类统计是指不同的土层或岩层分别进行统计。1组对岩样和抗剪强度试验用土样为3件，对其他土样为1件。4.1.6要求注明岩样上下面是因为岩石强度存在各向异性，岩石地基主要承担竖向荷载，室内试验时岩样受压方向应与实际大体一致。一般情况下，重庆地区饱和状态和天然状态岩石单轴抗压强度差别较大。在建筑物使用期地基可能长时间被水浸泡或处于水位变动带的情况下岩石试样的含水状态如采用天然状态可能导致工程不安全；在其他情况下岩石试样的含水状态如采用饱和状态可能导致基础安全度过高而与上部结构安全度不匹配，造成浪费。4.1.7本条是对同一批次测试结果统计单元划分的规定。按基础或支护结构构件与岩土接触面积和结构构件受力独立性的不同，区分两种情况作出规定。附录D是对每个统计单元的测试结果代表值确定方法的规定。当参与统计的样本数量不少于6个时，测试指标代表值的确定方法与重庆市工程建设标准《工程地质勘察规范》（DBJ50-043-2005）相同。验槽中的抽样测试常常存在参与统计的样本数量少于6个的情况，本附录也对此作了规定。附录D对用物理指标平均值确定地基承载力平均值然后根据指标变异性确定地基承载力代表值的情形（如：用孔隙比平均值和液性指数平均值确定粘性土地基承载力平均值然后根据这两个指标的变异性确定地基承载力代表值的情形）不适用，对此情形应按要求计算物理指标平均值。4.1.8本条是对判断岩土体强度参数和承载力是否达到设计要求的规定。与第4.1.7条对应，本条按基础或支护结构构件与岩土接触面积和结构构件受力独立性的不同，区分两种情况作出规定。4.1.9岩土体强度参数和承载力的数值大小与验槽手段、样本数量有一定关系。根据概率理论，当置信水平不变时，参加统计的数据量越多，统计结果越接近实际。增加检验点数可以更加准确地判断岩土体强度参数和承载力。因此当经初次验槽岩土体强度参数和承载力未达到设计要求时，在提出处置方案前，可考虑通过改善验槽手段或增加样本数量的方式进行第二次验槽。需要说明的是，第二次验槽并非经初次验槽岩土体强度参数和承载力未达到设计要求时必经的程序。4.2浅基础施工验槽4.2.1本条是对浅基础验槽时全面观察提出的要求。4.2.2本条是对浅基础验槽时抽样测试手段选择提出的要求povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 ，此要求对不做抽样测试只进行全面观察的验槽方式自然不适用。对第1款中“除重庆市工程建设标准《工程地质勘察规范》（DBJ50-043-2005）已有规定外，当采用载荷试验以外的手段时，应有重庆地区类似工程经验”作如下解释：1.采用载荷试验确定地基承载力是一种可靠程度高的方法，本规范对此不作限制。2.重庆市工程建设标准《工程地质勘察规范》（DBJ50-043-2005）给出了用土的物理指标确定地基承载力的表格，也给出了用超重型动力触探确定长江Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级阶地上卵石土地基承载力的公式。用这些方法确定地基承载力可认为在重庆地区已有工程经验，自然是允许的。3.采用其他方法确定土质地基承载力并非不允许但有一个前提，即：有重庆地区类似工程经验，也就是说，在本工程之前，已有别的工程用过。岩体破碎或极破碎时，岩块强度对承载力的贡献甚小，采用单轴抗压强度试验的方法确定承载力已不合适，因此本条第2款要求在岩体破碎或极破碎时通过静载荷试验确定岩石地基承载力。4.2.3根据本规范对浅基础的定义，浅基础是不计侧阻力的，故验槽时测试和采样的位置应位于基坑底部。4.2.4本条是对一个批次独立基础验槽时检验点数量和分布的规定，此要求对不做抽样测试只进行全面观察的验槽方式自然不适用。规定“每一测试或采样基坑的测试点或采样点应为1个”是为了在同样的测试点或采样点数量条件下增加测试点或采样点的代表性。4.2.5本条是对用载荷试验查验一个批次条形基础和片筏基础地基承载力时载荷试验点数量的规定。4.2.6本条是对用载荷试验以外的方法查验一个批次条形基础和片筏基础地基承载力时取样和测试点数量的规定。4.2.7根据重庆市工程建设标准《工程地质勘察规范》（DBJ50-043-2005）的规定，采用岩石单轴抗压强度试验确定浅基础地基承载力时，地基极限承载力应分别由岩石单轴抗压强度与地基条件系数相乘而得，而地基条件系数由岩体完整程度确定。同岩石单轴抗压强度一样，坑槽开挖实际揭露的岩体完整程度有可能与勘察时有所不同，显然，同岩石单轴抗压强度一样，岩体完整程度应以验槽时观察所得为准，因此，地基条件系数应由验槽时观察所获得的岩体完整程度确定。由此可见，仅用岩石单轴抗压强度判断地基承载力是否达到设计要求是片面的，既可能偏于保守，也可能偏于危险。根据重庆市工程建设标准《建筑地基基础设计规范》（DBJ50-047-2006）的规定，容许基底压力应取地基极限承载力的三分之一。4.2.8根据本规范第4.1.9条的规定，对条形基础和片筏基础，初次查验进行了抽样测试且经初次验槽岩土体强度参数和承载力未达到设计要求时，在提出处置方案前，可povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 增加检验点的数量进行第二次验槽。本条即是对检验点增加量和检验点增加后样本总数计算的要求。4.2.9目前比较重视单柱单桩的大直径嵌岩桩孔底下是否存在空洞的检查，但常常忽视浅基础坑槽底下是否存在空洞的检查，这是不合理的。同一空洞位于基底以下的深度相同时，如果空洞对桩基础有影响，那么空洞对相同底面尺寸的浅基础也必然有影响。故作出本条规定是有必要的。4.2.10本条是对采用勘探手段检查浅基础坑槽底下是否存在土洞或溶洞时勘探手段选择的规定。对此作以下说明：1.推荐先物探后钻探是因为可以减小钻探数量；2.钻探或先物探后钻探的做法对土质地基和岩石地基均适用，只是对土质地基还可采用钎探或小螺钻等手段。。4.2.11本条是对采用勘探手段检查浅基础坑槽底下是否存在土洞或溶洞时检查深度的规定。对不同形式的浅基础有不同的检查深度要求是因为空洞对不同形式的浅基础有不同影响。4.2.12因基础分布于建筑物轴线上，为使物探工作具有针对性，物探剖面需要分布于建筑物轴线上。4.2.13、4.2.14此两条是对采用勘探手段检查浅基础坑槽底下是否存在土洞或溶洞时检查点数量的要求。当采用过物探手段时，因对坑槽底下是否存在土洞或溶洞有一定程度的了解，故与未采用过物探手段时相比，检查点数量有所减小。4.3桩基础施工验槽4.3.1桩基础施工验槽有全面观察和抽样测试两种方法。两种方法一般应结合使用。首先是全面观察。本条规定是对全面观察的要求，其目的是定性判断地基岩、土体的性状是否与勘察提供的资料相吻合。4.3.2本条是对桩基础验槽时抽样测试手段选择提出的要求，此要求对不做抽样测试只进行全面观察的验槽方式自然不适用。对第1款中“当采用载荷试验以外的手段时，应有重庆地区类似工程经验”作如下解释：1.采用载荷试验确定桩端土支承力是一种可靠程度高的方法，本规范对此不作限制。2.采用其他方法确定桩端土支承力并非不允许但有一个前提，即：有重庆地区类似工程经验，也就是说，在本工程之前，已有别的工程用过。岩体破碎或极破碎时，岩块强度对承载力的贡献甚小，采用单轴抗压强度试验的方法确定承载力已不合适，因此本条第2款要求在岩体破碎或极破碎时通过静载荷试验确定岩石地基承载力。4.3.3本条是对桩基础验槽中测试和采样点位置和分布的要求。规定测试和采样点“对嵌岩深度不小于1倍桩径的嵌岩桩应位于桩孔中桩嵌岩段的中部”是因为桩嵌岩段的岩石强度对桩承载力有明显贡献而因风化的影响岩石强度往往随深度增大。显然测试和采样点位于中部一般是偏安全的。povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 4.3.4本条是对一个批次桩基础验槽时检验点数量和分布的规定，此要求对不做抽样测试只进行全面观察的验槽方式自然不适用。规定“每一测试或采样桩孔的测试点或采样点应为1个”是为了在同样的测试点或采样点数量条件下增加测试点或采样点的代表性。4.3.5本条是对用载荷试验查验一个批次桩基础地基承载力时载荷试验点数量的规定。4.3.6本条是对用载荷试验以外的方法查验一个批次桩基础地基承载力时取样和测试点数量的规定。4.3.7根据重庆市工程建设标准《建筑地基基础设计规范》（DBJ50-047-2006）的规定，桩基础岩石地基承载力是浅基础岩石地基承载力与考虑若干因素影响的调整系数的乘积（当不考虑桩侧土摩阻力时，桩基础岩石地基承载力与桩底面积之积就是桩的承载力）。因此，对桩基础，同样需要查验浅基础岩石地基承载力。根据重庆市工程建设标准《工程地质勘察规范》（DBJ50-043-2005）的规定，采用岩石单轴抗压强度试验确定浅基础地基承载力时，地基极限承载力应分别由该批次和该取样点的单轴抗压强度与地基条件系数相乘而得，而地基条件系数由岩体完整程度确定。同岩石单轴抗压强度一样，坑槽开挖实际揭露的岩体完整程度有可能与勘察时有所不同，显然，同岩石单轴抗压强度一样，岩体完整程度应以验槽时观察所得为准，因此，地基条件系数显然应由验槽时观察所获得的岩体完整程度确定。由此可见，仅用岩石单轴抗压强度判断地基承载力是否达到设计要求是片面的，既可能偏于保守，也可能偏于危险。根据重庆市工程建设标准《建筑地基基础设计规范》（DBJ50-047-2006），容许基底压力应取地基极限承载力的三分之一。4.3.8根据本规范第4.1.9条的规定，对条形承台桩基础，初次查验进行了抽样测试且经初次验槽岩土体强度参数和承载力未达到设计要求时，在提出处置方案前，可增加检验点的数量进行第二次验槽。本条即是对检验点增加量和检验点增加后样本总数计算的要求。4.3.9当前我市不少工程在桩基础施工验槽时，不加区分地对单柱单桩的大直径嵌岩桩孔底下不小于3倍桩径且不小于5m的深度范围进行抽心检查，这种做法既依据不足也是不合理的：1.验槽是施工过程中的一个环节，显然应遵从施工验收类的标准。国家标准《建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收规范》（GB50202-2002）没有这样的规定，更没有这样的强制性条文（该标准第5.6.2条规定：“人工挖孔桩尚应复验孔底持力层土（岩）性。嵌岩桩必须有桩端持力层的岩性报告”）。2.国家标准《建筑地基基础设计规范》（GB50007-2002）相应条文有“视岩性”的限制词（该标准第10.1.2条规定：“单柱单桩的大直径嵌岩桩应视岩性检验3倍桩径或5m深度范围内有无空洞、破碎带、软弱夹层等不良地质条件”）。此条的意思是：对有的岩性，应做这样的检验；对另一些岩性，无需做这样的检验。3.重庆市域河湖相碎屑岩和粘土岩除岸边和陡坡可能存在凹腔外不存在形成天然洞穴的可能性。4.对单柱单桩的大直径嵌岩桩进行这样的抽检而对单柱单基础的大直径非嵌岩桩基础（如：岩石地基非嵌岩的大直径桩基础、岩石地基大尺寸浅基础）又不进行这样的抽检，这是矛盾的。povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 本规范第4.2.9条和本条关于坑槽底下空洞检查的规定既不局限于单柱单桩的大直径嵌岩桩，又限制在坑槽底下存在空洞可能性的岩溶地基和由红粘土与下伏碳酸盐岩层组成的土岩组合地基这一范围内，显然是比较合理的。4.3.10本条是对采用勘探手段检查桩基础坑槽底下是否存在溶洞时勘探手段选择的规定。推荐先物探后钻探是因为可以减小钻探数量。4.3.11本条是对采用勘探手段检查桩孔底下是否存在溶洞时检查深度的规定。对不同形式的桩基础有不同的检查深度要求是因为空洞对不同形式的浅基础有不同影响。4.3.12因基础分布于建筑物轴线上，为使物探工作具有针对性，物探剖面需要分布于建筑物轴线上。4.3.13、4.3.14此两条是对采用勘探手段检查桩孔底下是否存在溶洞时检查点数量的要求。当采用过物探手段时，因对坑槽底下是否存在土洞或溶洞有一定程度的了解，故与未采用过物探手段时相比，检查点数量有所减小。4.4人工地基施工验槽4.4.1本节是对人工地基施工验槽的规定，但并非所有的人工地基施工都有验槽问题，不实施填方的人工地基施工都不存在验槽问题，本条只规定对机械辗压地基和换填地基需进行验槽。4.4.2就机械辗压地基而言，对基座岩土体并无强度参数或承载力数值的具体要求，故验槽只需采用全面观察的方法。就换填地基而言，填土是持力层，其下伏土层受力较小，对下伏土层强度要求较低，故验槽可只采用全面观察的方法。4.4.3、4.4.4此两条分别对机械辗压地基和换填地基施工验槽中的全面观察提出要求。4.5基坑处理施工验槽4.5.1本条根据基坑边坡处理方式分别指出验槽中应查验的部位，其中，边坡开挖面的查验对各种处理方式都是必要的。4.5.2本条是对基坑边坡开挖面查验内容的具体规定。4.5.3本条对锚孔锚固段查验中的全面观察和抽样测试工作提出了要求。其中关于抽样测试工作的要求对第4.1.3条规定的那两种验槽中不必进行抽样测试的情形自然不适用。做出取锚固段岩样作天然单轴抗压强度试验的规定是基于以下考虑：1对有锚杆（含锚索）的支护结构而言，锚杆的锚固力至关重要，而对锚固力起控制作用的常常是锚固段锚孔壁与锚固体之间的粘结强度，取锚固段岩样作天然单轴抗压强度试验就是为了查验锚povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 固段锚孔壁与锚固体之间的粘结强度。2虽然通过锚杆性能试验（也称基本试验）确定粘结强度是最好的办法，但是用工程锚孔做锚杆性能试验对岩体有损伤。4.5.4本条对嵌入岩石的悬臂桩或锚拉桩嵌固段查验中的全面观察和抽样测试工作提出了要求。其中关于抽样测试工作的要求对第4.1.3条规定的那两种验槽中不必进行抽样测试的情形自然不适用。做出第2款规定是基于以下考虑：1对悬臂桩或锚拉桩而言，嵌固段岩体水平承载力或水平抗力系数至关重要，取嵌固段岩样作天然单轴抗压强度试验就是为了查验嵌固段岩体水平承载力或水平抗力系数（水平承载力可通过岩石天然抗压强度或由此算得的（竖向）地基承载力由公式计算确定，水平抗力系数可通过岩石天然抗压强度查表确定）。2虽然通过水平载荷试验确定粘结强度是最好的办法，但是用工程桩孔做水平载荷试验对岩体有损伤且未要求在施工前做水平载荷试验。3要求取样点位于嵌固段的中上部是因为悬臂桩或锚拉桩承载取决于嵌固段岩体水平承载力且上部水平应力大于下部水平应力。4.5.6肋柱和挡板基础下的地基承受荷载较小，故施工验槽可只采用全面观察的方法。5基础验收povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 5.1浅基础5.1.1使用材料为混凝土和砂浆的基础强度评定中，其试块强度评价应分别执行《混凝土强度检验评定标准》（GBJ107-87）和《砌体工程施工质量验收规范》（50203-2002）的有关规定。表5.1.1对地基和基础同时进行了检查，一般项目综合了多种情况下的基础，如按材料分为浆砌体结构、素混凝土和钢筋混凝土结构等，按断面结构形式分为正方形、长方形和“凸”字形等。轴线位置偏差只对地基进行检查，基础的轴线检查应按相应的结构规范要求执行。5.2桩基础5.2.1中小直径的灌注桩多为机械施工作业方式成孔和成桩，其井孔内形成过程不能直接观看控制，需要检测承载力。5.2.2基桩施工质量有疑问是指桩基施工过程中有数据、图片、图像和其它文字材料证明其质量与控制不能满足设计和规范要求。采用新工艺、新方法、新材料施工应有其科研成果应用或转化相关能力证明文件。在本条中，地基基础设计等级为甲级没有列入要求用静荷载试验方法进行承载力检验的情形，原因是：划分地基基础设计等级划分的规定出现在国家标准《建筑地基基础设计规范》（GB50007-2002）中，在该标准中，地基基础设计等级的不同实际上是反映地基基础设计的复杂性和技术难度的不同，地基基础设计等级既不是结构安全等级，也不是地基条件复杂等级。体型复杂、层数相差超过10层的高低层连成一体的建筑物，大面积的多层地下建筑物，对地基变形有特殊要求的建筑物，对原有工程影响较大的新建建筑物，场地条件因建筑物可能受附近滑坡、危岩崩塌、泥石流影响而复杂的一般建筑物，虽然都是地基基础设计等级为甲级的建筑物，但都不是安全等级为一级的建筑物，其破坏后果严重性与地基基础设计等级为乙、丙级的建筑物相当。当地基条件不复杂、成桩质量可靠性不低时，在标准中要求对这些建筑物采用静载荷试验方法检验灌注桩竖向承载力是不合理的。在本条中，结构安全等级为一级也没有列入要求用静荷载试验方法进行承载力检验的情形，原因是：1.是否采用静载荷试验方法检验灌注桩竖向承载力应该取决于成桩质量可靠性而不是取决于结构安全等级；2.桩承担的荷载越大，静载荷试验时对桩实施加载越困难。5.2.5在附录E中，容许单桩荷载（准确地说是容许单桩平均荷载）是国家标准《建筑地基基础设计规范》（GB50007-2002）所称的单桩承载力特征值。该规范中的单桩承载力特征值实际上是经试验统计和经验判断得到的容许单桩荷载，将这样的容许单桩荷载称为单桩povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 承载力特征值是不恰当的，这是因为：一方面，标准值包括了特征值和公称值，特征值是统计值，公称值是经验值，特征值涵盖不了公称值；另一方面，涉及材料强度的标准值应以极限状态下的试验数据为基本数据，单桩承载力涉及材料强度，其标准值（包括特征值）应以极限状态下的试验数据为基本数据，容许单桩荷载不是以单桩极限荷载的试验数据为基本数据，故不能称为单桩荷载承载力特征值或单桩荷载承载力标准值。由此可见，单桩荷载承载力特征值这一术语既混淆了标准值与特征值的关系也模糊了涉及材料强度的标准值和特征值的概念，它既不属于特征值和标准值，也概括不了实际存在的公称值。5.2.6被检测的同类桩（包括同桩径、同桩身强度、同施工条件、同材料和同工艺等）在抽检时宜均匀分布在桩基的设计平面布置图中。5.2.7我市目前机械成孔施工基桩多为小直径桩，机械施工的大直径桩不多。基桩检测对小直径桩应重视承载力和桩身控制质量检测，对大直径非机械施工的基桩应重视桩身质量控制检测。无论采用何种方式施工的一柱一桩的结构下的基桩必须进行全数检。在本条中，地基基础设计等级是否为甲级没有列为桩身质量抽检数量的决定因素，原因是：划分地基基础设计等级划分的规定出现在国家标准《建筑地基基础设计规范》（GB50007-2002）中，在该标准中，地基基础设计等级的不同实际上是反映地基基础设计的复杂性和技术难度的不同，地基基础设计等级既不是结构安全等级，也不是地基条件复杂等级。体型复杂、层数相差超过10层的高低层连成一体的建筑物，大面积的多层地下建筑物，对地基变形有特殊要求的建筑物，对原有工程影响较大的新建建筑物，场地条件因建筑物可能受附近滑坡、危岩崩塌、泥石流影响而复杂的一般建筑物，虽然都是地基基础设计等级为甲级的建筑物，但都不是安全等级为一级的建筑物，其破坏后果严重性与地基基础设计等级为乙、丙级的建筑物相当。当地基条件不复杂、成桩质量可靠性不低时，在标准中要求对这些建筑物增加桩身质量抽检数量是不合理的。5.2.8在全孔段为完整基岩地层施工的基桩，其桩孔形成的空间容积与浇灌的混凝土体积可以是相等的（不扣除钢筋的所占的体积量）。5.2.9井底平整度及入岩深度由验收人员共同现场量测。设计采用成型井管（筒）支护桩孔护壁时，施工过程中应保证其垂直度。成型桩顶的中心位置为钢筋笼的几何中心，桩顶中心与其基础平面布置轴线的偏差即为桩的偏差，其差值应不超过本规范的要求。钢筋笼制作质量应在成型后或入桩孔内前进行检查，在吊装或下入桩孔过程中，若破坏了钢筋笼成型质量，则应进行重新制作和质量检查。5.2.10要求在有地下水时人工挖孔灌注桩桩顶高程高出设计高程是考虑到此时桩顶有浮浆层，浮浆是指混凝土与侵入其中的岩块、泥土块、地下水、混凝土离析物和杂渣的混合物。对人工挖孔灌注桩选择0.25m做限值（与机械成孔灌注桩选择0.50m做限值不同）是因为人工挖孔灌注桩桩顶浮浆层厚度较易控制。本条对无地下水时人工挖孔灌注桩桩顶高程应高出设计高程povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 多少未作要求是因为此时桩的情形与独立基础相当。5.2.11人工挖孔灌注桩的混凝土质量应严格控制，无设计要求不应分段浇注施工。每连续浇注混凝土不超过30m3应有1组试件，且每根桩不应少于1组试件。5.2.12沉渣是指在混凝土现浇时未能被混凝土冲返带出孔外，沉积在混凝土桩孔底部的岩屑、砂粒、岩块、土块、泥浆和其它杂物。进入持力层深度由参见各方施工技术人员现场对取出的岩芯进行量测确定。对于地层坍塌等原因引起的桩孔直径扩大，在不影响相邻桩施工及质量控制时，其桩径不作其它控制测量。5.2.13基桩施工应进行钢筋笼和钢筋保护层检查。钢筋笼在孔口焊接加长时，同一断面主钢筋的接头数量不应超过主筋总数的50%。5.2.14要求机械成孔灌注桩桩顶高程高出设计高程是考虑到人工挖孔灌注桩顶有浮浆层，浮浆是指混凝土与侵入其中的岩块、泥土块、地下水、混凝土离析物和杂渣的混合物。对机械成孔灌注桩选择0.50m做限值（与人工挖孔灌注桩选择0.25m做限值不同）是因为机械成孔灌注桩桩顶浮浆层厚度较难控制。5.2.15机械成孔桩混凝土浇注施工除设计有特殊要求外，必须连续施工。对直径小于800mm的灌注桩每10根桩不应少于1组试块，且同施工材料、同配合比、同生产工艺、同一工作班条件下施工的灌注桩不应少于1组试块；对直径不小于800mm的灌注桩每根桩应有1组试块，且同施工材料、同配合比、同生产工艺、同一工作班条件下施工的灌注桩不应少于1组试块。6人工地基验收6.1一般规定6.1.2根据重庆地区经验判断地基承载力明显大于设计要求值是指根据重庆地区经验判断出的地基承载力是设计要求值的1.5倍以上。povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 6.2压实地基6.2.8其他工程的压实地基载荷试验的结果和用其它方法进行试验的结果之间的经验关系不能用于正在验收的压实地基。7基坑处理验收7.1放坡7.1.1基坑放坡开挖质量检验对设计变坡点应检查。7.1.2设计对边坡轴线及顶底高程有严格要求时其误差应满足设计要求。7.2锚杆7.2.2povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53 本条对非预应力锚杆和预应力锚杆进行抗拔验收试验的锚杆数量进行了区别，其原因是预应力锚杆施工质量的可靠度比较低，抽检数量应多于非预应力锚杆。在附录F中，容许锚杆（索）拔力（准确地说是容许锚杆平均拔力和容许锚索平均拔力）是国家标准《建筑地基基础设计规范》（GB50007-2002）所称的锚杆抗拔承载力特征值。该规范中的锚杆抗拔承载力特征值实际上是经试验统计和经验判断得到的容许锚杆（索）拔力，将这样的容许锚杆（索）拔力称为锚杆抗拔承载力特征值是不恰当的，这是因为：一方面，标准值包括了特征值和公称值，特征值是统计值，公称值是经验值，特征值涵盖不了公称值；另一方面，涉及材料强度的标准值应以极限状态下的试验数据为基本数据，锚杆抗拔承载力涉及材料强度，其标准值（包括特征值）应以极限状态下的试验数据为基本数据，容许锚杆（索）拔力不是以锚杆极限荷载的试验数据为基本数据，故不能称为锚杆抗拔承载力特征值或锚杆抗拔承载力标准值。由此可见，锚杆抗拔承载力特征值这一术语既混淆了标准值与特征值的关系也模糊了涉及材料强度的标准值和特征值的概念，它既不属于特征值和标准值，也概括不了实际存在的公称值。7.2.3锚杆质量检验中对锚固段长度应以查阅钻孔地质记录、尺量钻具为主，其中地质记录主要看作锚固段的起始位置、岩性、风化状态及岩体的完整性。povertyalleviation,makingstablepovertyofvillageandexitinatimelymanner,shouldsupportpovertyalleviationinto,fromthe...Thestabilityoffamilies,notsimplyoneoff,notonlyto"helpahorse",and"givingalift"topreventpovertyandreturningagain.(D)toco-ordinatetheconfigurationresourceforpovertyalleviation.Onehandtoworkactivelytowardsasuperiorpolicy.CentralworkConferenceofpoverty-alleviation,CentralGovernmentofGeneraltransferpayments,varioustypesofspecialtransferpaymentsinvolvingthepeople"slivelihood,inordertofurthertopoorareas.NationalRevolutionarydevelopmentseminarspresented"fivecloselyaroundthe",developedtosupportdevelopmentandconstructionofoldrevolutionaryviews.PrimeMinisterLikeqiangontheCPPCCwasspecificallyproposedintheGovernmentworkreport:"nationalwastemanagementpoliciesandthepeople"slivelihoodprojectstoimpoverishedareas."Meanwhile,provincesandcitieswillalsobesupportingtheintroductionofappropriatepolicies.Thesepoliciesisverylarge,the......Forcountiesnotonlyopportunitiesforpovertyeradication,itiscatchingup,promotethedevelopmentofopportunitiesinthesurroundingarea.Departmentsatalllevelsmustfirmlygraspthisgoldenopportunity,lettheseopportunitiesbecomecrucialforpovertyeradicationnotonlyapowerfullever,alsobecame......Powerfulbreakthroughtooveralldevelopment,withovertaking.Otherintegration-relatedfunds.Atthemeeting,"twooffices"introducedtheintegrationofagriculture-relatedprojectsfundsgivingprioritytopoorimplementationofvillage-poortilt,clearintegrationofthe4majorcategoriesoffundsanduseoftheprocess.Theinvolveddepartments,undertheunifiedcommandoftheleadinggroupofpovertyalleviationanddevelopmentintheCounty,53'