卧式水轮发电机组安装工艺

'卧式水轮发电机组安装工艺Horizontalhydro-generatingunitinstallationprocess卧式水轮发电机组的安装分为预埋部份（管路）、导水机构（主机）、轴承部份、基础部份、发电机部份、辅助设备。Theinstallationofthehorizontalhydro-generatingunitisdividedintoembeddedpart(piping),distributor(mainunit),bearingpart,foundationpart,generatorpart,auxiliarypart.一、水轮发电机组埋件预埋Hydro-generatingunitembeddedpart根据工程进度的要求与土建配合对所需的油、气、水管路进行预埋，对所有埋设的管路的管口进行封堵，防止异物进入。Embedtheneededoil,gas,waterpipingaccordingtotheprojectprocessandcivilengineering.Plugallthepipeorificesofthepipingembeddedtokeepforeignmattersfromgettinginto.二、测点放样Measuringpointlayout根据按甲方提供的高程按设计图纸来确定机组的三维坐标，方法可用水准仪或钢琴线连通器原理来保证机组中心、高程与X、Y坐标。Accordingtotheheightprovidedbyownerandthedesigndrawingtodeterminetheunitthree-dimensioncoordinate,andtheunitcenter,heightandX、Ycoordinatecanbeguaranteedwithbalancelevelorthelawofpianolineconnectedvessels.三、进水部份的安装Theinstallationofthewaterinletpart 把阀门、伸缩节和进水弯管依次吊入预留的机坑内，用法兰连接，即阀门与伸缩节连接，伸缩节与进水弯管连接，并校正前后左右位置和安装高程，下部加临时支撑固定，用水准仪吊线法校正进水弯管法兰面高度和中心线位置，主要是校正进水弯管的水平、垂直度和中心高。Successivelyliftvalve,expansionjoint,waterinletelbowintothereservedpit.Useflangetoconnectvalveandexpansionjoint,expansionjointandwaterinletelbow,thenadjustthepositionandinstallationheight,temporarysupportsarefixedatthebottom.Balancelevelplumbingmethodisadoptedtocheckthewaterinletelbowflangesurfaceheightandcenterlineposition,mainlytocheckthelevel,verticalityandcenterheight.蝶阀在没安装凑合节前做好蝶阀静态的全开、全关调整工作，并检查在关闭状态的密封情况，在全开时阀门是否在中间位置，必要时给予适当的调整。Beforebutterflyvalveinstalledwiththeexpansionjoint,carryouttheallopen,allclosedadjustmentworkatthestaticstate,checkthesealsituationattheclosedstate,checkwhethervalveisinthemiddlepositionattheallopenstate,thenadjustifnecessary.一、导水机构的安装（蜗壳）Theinstallationofdistribution(spiralcasing)金属蜗壳的安装是卧轴混流式水轮机安装中的一个重要环节，由于导水机构是整机出厂，所以可以整体同时安装。将蜗壳吊装就位后，蜗壳进水口与进水法兰面对好，加石棉橡胶垫套上螺栓拧紧，并穿上地脚螺栓，加临时支撑，为了保证蜗壳的位置正确必须做到以下三点：（1）蜗壳整体中心高程（2）蜗壳整体水平（3）蜗壳整体X、Y垂直度。ThemetallicspiralcasinginstallationistheimportantpartduringhorizontalFrancisturbineinstallation.Installthedistributorintegrally,sincedistributorisoutoffactoryinonepiece.Whenthespiralcasingisliftedintoposition,checkspiralcasingwaterinletandwaterinletflangeface,padtheasbestosrubbergasketandtightenthebolts,fixwithfoundationalbolt,usetemporarysupport.Inordertoensuretheaccuracyofthespiralcasingposition,thefollowingthreepointsshouldbefulfilled:One,theunitycenterheightofthespiralcasing.Two:spiralcasingunitylevel. Three:spiralcasingunityX、Yverticality.两台蜗壳就位后将采用橡胶水平器、钢琴线、框式水平仪吊线法等工艺，使精度达到优良标准。同时检查导水机构、导水叶的开口，立面间隙、端面间隙，做好静态手动开关机的调整，运动时无卡阻现象，并加以调整，完成上述工作后，点焊牢固，准备二期混凝土浇灌。Whenthetwospiralcasingsareputintoposition,userubberleveldevice,pianoline,frametypelevelsuspensionmethodtomaketheaccuracymeettheexcellentstandard.Checkthedistributor,theopeningoftheguidevane,verticalfacegap,endfacegap,adjustthemanualstartandshutdownatthestaticstate,non-obstructioninoperation.Aftertheaboveadjustment,spot-weldtightly,andpreparethestage2concreteplacing.一、基础底板的埋设与调整Theembedmentandadjustmentofthefoundationalbaseplate根据两台导水机构中心以及机组X、Y十字线基准点来确定基础板位置，调整高程、水平，用垫片、楔子板来保证。DeterminethefoundationalplatepositionasthecenterofthetwodistributorsandtheunitX、Yreticlebenchmark,adjusttheheightandlevel,usegaskets,wedgeboardtoensure.以转轮室中心为基准，来定位定子基础板中心、高程以及X、Y坐标。方法为基础底板中心线与钢琴线重合，用角尺测量基础板与钢琴线的高程，要求比设计值略低0·5~1mm，用调整铁调整达到要求后，用电焊牢固基础板，固定地脚螺栓，拧上螺母。再按上述方法复查中心、高程、水平有无变化，必要时再作调整，直到符合要求。Considerthebenchmarkastherunnerroomtolocatethestatefoundationplatecenter,heightandX、Ycoordinate.Themethodiscoincidethefoundationbaseplatecenterlineandpianoline,measuretheheightofthefoundationplateandpianolinewithanglerule,thevalueshouldbelower0·5~1mmthandesignvalue.Afteradjustingwithadjustableirontomeettherequirement,weldthefoundationplatewithelectricalwelding,fixthefoundationbolt,fixthenut.Recheckthecenter, heightandlevelasabovemethod,adjustifnecessary.一、轴承座的安装Theinstallationofthebearingseat将所有轴承座吊放在基础板上并在组合面上按图纸规定加金属垫片及绝缘板，轴承座就位后进行调整，用水平仪、钢琴线调整检查，调整轴承使轴承与机组中心、水平、高程相对应。调整后，紧固基础螺栓，以防移位。Liftthebearingseatonthefoundationplate,andpadwiththemetalspacerandinsulationplateonthecombinationface.Adjustwhenbearingseatisintheposition,checkwithleveldeviceandpianoline.Adjustthebearinguntilitmatchestheunitcenter,levelandheight.Bypreliminaryadjustment,fixthefoundationbolttopreventmovement.七、定子和转子的安装Theinstallationofthestatorandrotor1、将定子底座用方木垫高，并拆除发电机轴伸端的轴承座。Raisethestatebottomwithsquaretimber,thendismountthebearingseatonthegeneratorshaftextensionend.2、将转子水平吊起，利用行车和手拉葫芦穿入定子，待转子法兰穿过定子后在转子两端轴头垫上方木。Horizontallylifttherotor,penetratethestatorbytravellingcraneandchainblock,andpadwithsquaretimberattwoendsoftherotorafterrotorflangepenetratingintostator.3、解下吊蝇，改吊转子两端轴头，穿入定子内孔，然后恢复拆去的轴承座。Untietheliftingrope,lifttwoendsshaftheadsoftherotor,penetratethestatorinterhole,thenliftintothebearingseatdismounted.4、在定子上悬挂链式葫芦，将定转子同时吊起，起吊时在空气隙中塞入木条，防止定、转子相互碰擦，起吊后拆除方木，定子落于基架上，转子落于轴承座上。Hangchainblockonthestator,liftthestatorandrotoratthesametime.Duringlifting,insert woodslatsintheairgapstopreventthescrapingofthestatorandrotor.Afterthelifting,dismountthesquaretimber,placethestatoronthebracket,andputtherotoronthebearingseat.八、轴瓦精刮和转轮间隙检查Bearingpadfinescratchingandrunnergapcheck为了使轴瓦与轴颈接触均匀，需要进行轴瓦的研刮工作，刮瓦工作是与转轮调整结合进行的，精刮工作需要完成下列工作：（1）检查和调整主轴的水平度和高度，当不符合要求时可用补偿法在轴承底下进行必要的调整，直至符合要求。（2）检查转轮室四周间隙，轴向位置，达到要求后将轴承座固定。（3）转动主轴，精刮轴瓦，使轴瓦与主轴接触点达到要求为止。Inordertomakethebearingpaduniformlycontactthebearingjournal,bearingpadshouldbescraped.Thepadscrapingshouldbecombinedwithrunneradjustment,andthefinescrapingshoulddofollowingwork:1.checkandadjustthelevelnessandheightofthemainshaft,ifnotmeettherequirement,compensationmethodshouldbeadoptedtoadjustthebearingbottomuntilmeetingtherequirement.2.checkthegapsaroundtherunnerroom,axialdirectionposition,thenfixthebearingseatuntilmeetingtherequirement.3.rotatethemainshaft,finescrapethebearingpad,makingthebearingpadandmainshaftcontactpointmeettherequirement.九、整机复装Wholemachinefitback卧式水轮发电机轴线的测量及调整是安装工作很重要的一个环节，将关系到机组振动、轴承温度。因此轴线调整的准确性，将直接影响机组转动部分是否在一条轴线上旋转。通过盘车测量数据进行调整，根据各轴线位置摆度值，放出轴瓦间隙。Themeasurementandadjustmentofthehorizontalhydrogeneratoraxiallineistheimportantpartintheinstallationwork,whichisrelatedtotheunitvibrationandbearingtemperature.Andtheaccuracyoftheaxiallineadjustmentisdirectlyrelatedtotheunitrotationpartsrotatinginanaxialline.Adjustaccordingtotheturningmeasurementdata,andastheaxiallinethrowvaluetoadjust thebearingpadgap.用桥机挂装尾水弯管、在水泥干燥期内进行所有水轮机的辅助设备复装、静态调试，包括对调速器的清洗、静态开关机时间的调整，紧急关机的调整，蝶阀在无水状态下开关机时间的调整。各方面检查均无问题，可交土建进行二期混凝土浇灌。Hangthetailwaterelbowwithbridgecrane,fitbackalltheturbineauxiliary,statictest,includingthecleaningofthegovernor,theadjustmentofthestaticunitstartandshutdown,theadjustmentoftheemergencyshutdown,theadjustmentofthestartandshutdowntimewhenbutterflyintheno-waterstate.Civilengineeringstartsthestage2concreteplacingifnoproblems.十、精确调整Accurateadjustment由于浇灌混凝土时可能使机组产生部份位移，所以保养期满后应进行一次精调。Partmovementmayoccurduetoconcreteplacing,soanaccurateadjustmentshouldbemadeaftermaintenanceperiod.拆下尾水弯管、转轮，打开各轴承上盖，检查主轴水平蜗壳垂直度、转轮四周各迷宫间隙，用红丹粉检查轴瓦接触点是否与原记录有变化，并进行全面调整，达到优良要求后全部复装待机组充水，做好最后静动态的机电联调工作。Dismountthetailwaterelbow,runner,openallbearinguppercovers,checkmainshafthorizontalspiralcasingverticality,labyrinthgapsaroundtherunners,checkthebearingpadcontactpointswithredleadpowder,andcarryoutanoveralladjustment.Aftermeetingtherequirement,fixback,anddoelectricalandmechanicalalignmentworkatthestaticstatewhentheunitfilledwithwater.'