《生物专业英语》核心词汇

《生物专业英语》专业词汇1.electronmicroscopy电子显微镜2.chloroplast叶绿体3.mitochondria线粒体4.phospholipid磷脂5.lipidbilayer脂双层6.plasmamembrane质膜7.extracellular细胞外的8.cellulose纤维素9.polysaccharides多糖10.vacuole液泡11.chromatin染色质12.eukaryotic真核的13.prokaryotic原核的14.ribosomes核糖体15.thylakoids类囊体16.peroxisomes,过氧物酶体17.hydrolyticenzyme水解酶18.cytoskeleton细胞骨架19.Chlorophyll叶绿素20.Chromosome染色体21.Glycolysis醣酵解22.Microtubule微管23.Organelle细胞器24.Prokaryoticcell原核细胞25.apoptosis细胞凋亡26.endocytosis细胞内吞作用27.graminaceousplant禾本科植物28.Pharmacology药理学29.morphology形态学30.anatomy解剖学31.taxonomy分类学32.binarynomenclature双名法33.ontogenesis个体发生34.phylogenesis系统发生35.nanometer纳米36.micrometer微米37.millimeter毫米38.centimeter厘米39.decimeter分米40.flora植物志，植物群落41.homologous同源的42.plasmodesmata[植]胞间连丝43.plasmolysis质壁分离44.tonoplast液泡膜45.hydrodynamics流体力学,水动力学46.leucoplast白色体47.Proplastid前质体,原质体48.carotinoid类胡萝卜素49.saprophytic腐生的50.parasitic寄生的51.endosperm胚乳52.concentric同中心的53.eccentric偏心的，偏轴的，离心的54.vasculartissue维管组织55.lignin木质素,56.Chromoplast有色体57.Amyloplast淀粉体58.Epidermis表皮59.Saprophy腐生60.histology组织学61.cytology细胞学62.bacteriology细菌学63.prototype原型64.tobaccomosaicvirus(TMV)烟草花叶病毒65.TheTransmissionElectronMicroscope(TEM)透射电子显微镜66.Thescanningelectronmicroscope(SEM)扫描电子显微镜67.solidphase固相5 1.gasphase气相2.liquidphase液相3.ultravioletlight紫外光4.wavelength波长5.subcellularstructure亚细胞结构6.endoplasmicreticulum内质网7.lipophilic亲脂性的8.assimilationtissue同化组织9.xylem木质部10.phloem韧皮部11.Meristem分生组织12.embryogenesis胚胎发生13.symmetric对称的14.inflorescence花,花序15.apicalmeristem顶端分生组织16.lateralmeristem侧生分生组织17.intercalarymeristem居间分生组织18.apicaldominance[植]顶端优势19.gymnosperm裸子植物20.angiosperm被子植物21.vascularcambium维管形成层22.corkcambium木栓形成层23.annualrings年轮24.internode节间25.morphogenesis形态发生，形态建成,26.differentiate分化27.dedifferentiate去分化,反分化28.totipotency全能,全能性29.rootcap根冠.30.leafvein叶脉31.radicalapex根尖32.Procambium原始形成层33.cross-section横截面34.parenchyma薄壁组织35.ornamentalplant观赏植物36.Isodiametric等直径的,等轴的37.lignify木质化38.parasite寄生虫39.xerophyte旱生植物40.Aquaticplant水生植物41.shadeplant阴生植物42.guardcell保卫细胞43.intercellularspace细胞间隙44.photosynthesis光合作用45.anaerobic厌氧的46.infraredlight红外光47.redox氧化还原作用48.cofactor辅助因素49.photosystem光系统50.cytochrome细胞色素51.ATP(adenosinetriphosphate)三磷酸腺苷52.carboxylase羧化酶53.oxygenase加氧酶54.photorespiration光呼吸55.Carbohydrate糖；碳水化合物56.Mesophyll叶肉57.Photoinhibitionn.光抑制58.Plastoquinone质体醌59.antioxidant抗氧化剂60.decarboxylation脱羧61.autotrophicorganisms自养生物62.thermodynamic热力学的63.biodiversity生物多样性64.symbioticrelationship共生关系65.endosymbiosis内共生66.hydrophobic疏水的67.hydrophilic亲水的68.nanotechnology纳米技术69.biomedical生物医学的70.fluorescent荧光的,莹光的71.pharmaceutical医药品72.nutraceutical营养品73.promoter启动子5 1.bioremediation生物补救，生物修复2.biologicalbreakdown生物降解3.interdisciplinary学科间的4.entomology昆虫学5.weedscience草业科学6.ecosystem生态系统7.Taxonomy分类学8.compoundeyes复眼9.Fungi真菌10.invasivespecies入侵种11.ScienceCitationIndex科学引文索引12.theNationalInstitutesofHealth(美国)全国卫生研究所13.Neuroscience.神经系统科学14.ISSN（internationalstandardserialnumber）国际标准期刊编号15.Semimonthly半月的16.Bimonthly双月的17.Quarterly季度的，三月的18.EngineeringIndex(EI)工程(技术资料)索引19.dissertation(学位)论文20.Biophysics生物物理学21.Immunology免疫学22.Pathology病理学23.Physiology生理学24.Virology病毒学25.SystematicBiology系统生物学26.antibiotic抗生素27.Genomics基因组学28.pesticide杀虫剂29.lactic-acid乳酸30.recombinant重组体31.allergic过敏的,患过敏症的32.insulin胰岛素33.identicaltwins同卵双生34.DollytheSheep多利羊35.zygote合子，受精卵36.reproductivecell生殖细胞37.Somaticcell体细胞38.Somaticcellnucleartransfer(SCNT)体细胞核移植39.Artificialembryotwinning人工胚胎双生40.surrogatemother替身母亲41.trial-and-error反复试验42.Implantation移植，培植43.Telomeric端粒的44.telomere端粒45.lifespan寿命46.infertility不育47.invitro体外，在生物体外48.invivo在活的有机体内49.genotype基因型50.phenotype表现型，表型51.germination萌芽,发生52.Growthregulator生长调节剂53.auxin生长素54.cytokinin细胞分裂素55.metabolite代谢物56.micropropagation微繁57.disinfection消毒，灭菌58.autoclave高压灭菌器59.explant外植体60.Vector载体61.canceroustissue癌组织的62.Vaccine疫苗63.Embryonictissue胚性组织64.homogenize均质化65.bacteriophage噬菌体66.stickyend粘性末端67.bluntend平末端68.ligase连接酶69.codon密码子5 1.bovine牛的2.transgenic转基因的3.pathogen病菌,病原体4.glucoseisomerase葡萄糖异构酶5.starchsaccharification淀粉糖基化6.restrictionendonuclease限制性内切核酸酶7.rate-determiningstep限速步骤8.enzymiccatalysis酶学催化反应9.specificity特异性10.hydrogenbond氢键11.thermostability热稳定性12.Mutant突变异种，突变体13.Penicillin青霉素14.biosensor生物传感器15.opticalisomers光学异构体16.hydrolysis水解17.hexokinase己糖激酶18.hexose己醣19.fructose果糖20.noncovalent非共价键的21.coenzyme辅酶22.Oxidoreductase氧化还原酶23.dehydrogenases脱氢酶24.oxidase氧化酶25.oxygenase加氧酶26.peroxidase过氧(化)物酶27.Transferase转移酶28.Hydrolase水解酶29.esterase酯酶30.glycosidase糖苷酶31.lipase脂肪酶32.protease蛋白酶33.dehydratase脱水酶34.pectinase果胶酶35.Isomerase异构酶36.isomerisation异构化37.epimerase差向(异构)酶38.synthetase合成酶39.pancreas胰腺40.intestine肠41.receptor受体42.Terminator终止子43.anticodon反密码子44.peptidebond肽键45.detoxification解毒，脱毒46.soybean大豆47.trans反式48.cis顺式49.cardiovasculardisease心血管疾病50.homogeneous同类的,相似的,均一的51.heterogeneous不同种类的52.carcinogenic致癌物(质)的53.bioethics生物伦理学54.multidisciplinary多学科的55.pesticide杀虫剂56.bioreactor生物反应器57.theRoyalSociety(英国)皇家学会58.FAO=FoodandAgricultureOrganization(oftheUnitedNations)(联合国)粮食及农业组织59.broadsense广义的60.narrowsense狭义的61.geneticallymodifiedorganisms(GMOs)遗传修饰生物62.fishery渔业63.forestry林业64.Marker-assistedselection标记辅助选择65.DNAfingerprintingDNA指纹66.quantitativetraitloci数量性状位点67.allergenic引起过敏的68.cultivar栽培品种69.Biosafety生物研究安全性5 1.Aminoacid氨基酸2.Autofluorescence自发荧光3.Basepair碱基对4.Biodiversity生物多样性5.Carotinoid类胡萝卜素6.Centromere着丝点,着丝粒7.Cytoplasm细胞质8.Differentiation分化9.Embryo胚胎,胎儿,胚芽10.Entomology昆虫学11.Genome基因组/染色体组12.Glycosylate使糖基化13.Hybridization杂交,杂种培植,配种14.Inheritance遗传15.Kidney肾脏16.Lysosome溶酶体17.Mammalian哺乳动物18.Meiosis减数分裂19.Micronutrient微量元素20.Mitosis有丝分裂21.Monocotyledon单子叶植物22.dicotyledon双子叶植物23.Mutation突变24.Nucleotide核苷25.Phospholipid磷脂26.Polymerase聚合酶27.Polypeptide多肽28.polymorphism多态性，多型性1.界Kingdom2.门Phylum3.纲class4.目Order5.科family6.属genus7.种Species8.品种variety5