转炉炼钢连铸钢结构工程施工组织设计

xxx系统工程转炉炼钢连铸钢结构工程施工组织设计一、工程概况1、工程名xx系统工程转炉炼钢连铸项目2、建设地点：江苏省××市新北区魏村镇3、结构类型：重型格构式梁柱厂房钢结构4、工程范围：钢结构制作安装总量约4000吨5、质量标准：合格6、安全文明要求:安全文明样板工地7、工期要求：150日历天8、施工特点与关键：该工程工期短，制作量大，构件数量多，高空安装作业多。该工程的制作过程进度，质量的控制是保证履约的关键。制作过程的关键在于现场大型H钢的生产线装备与生产工艺的合理性，先进性；其次是格构式梁柱的分段组对，焊接与防止变形工艺技术的合理程度；安装的关键在于安装过程的测量，合理的安装程序和重要节点的焊接。二、施工布署1、项目经理部的建立与职能maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand 根据本工程的施工特点，施工内容和关键技术，为确保该项目在工期、施工质量、安全、文明施工等诸多方面都充分履约，我司应组建一个技术精湛年高力强、有经验充有活力的项目经理部，严格按照项目法组织施工，实行项目经理负责制，以项目管理班子为核心，合理组建项目的组织机构和作业班组配置充足的施工管理力量。项目经理部充分利用各种资源（施工场地、劳力、材料、机械等），充分调动各责任人员的积极性，作好项目的协调工作，服从总承包方的统一指令最终达到履约合同的目标。1.1项目经理部的组织机构：组织机构图项目经理项目副经理、技术负责人钢构工程师材料设备管理员安全监督员质量检验员焊接工程师设备工程师钳工班架子班砼班钢筋班模板班土方班电工班管工班起重班油漆班焊工班冷作班1.2管理人员职责：1.2.1项目经理职责：A、贯彻公司质量方针，全面覆行工程承包合同规定的责任。B、负责项目组织机构的建立和人员安排，确定项目人员职责范围。maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand C、全面组织施工，组织实施项目施工组织设计与质量计划，保证质量体系的有效运行。D、负责项目资源的组织，配备和处置。E、批准内部文件和对业主的重要文件。F、组织竣工验收、交付。G、其他事项的处理。1.2.2项目副经理（技术负责人）职责：A、组织编制并批准项目质量计划。B、组织编制并批准施工组织设计、施工方案和有关作业指导书。C、负责施工技术、质量、进度、安全管理。D、负责规范、标准、设计文件、质量体系文件和技术资料的控制。E、负责项目的技术培训。1.2.3各专业工程师或施工员职责：A、编制施工分类作业指导书、试验检验方案。B、落实人力、机具、材料等资源配备并组织适应性，符合性的核实。C、认真编制工程进度网络计划，保证与总包方的计划的一致性。D、参加图纸会审，并提出意见，主持本专业的安全、技术交底并指导，督促实施。E、主持重要工序的控制。F、组织分项、分部工程的质量检查。G、合理设置施工流程并安排协调本专业的施工。H、填写施工日记，做好施工资料的收集，指导班组作好自登记录。I、现场文明施工管理。J、新技术、新工艺的推广应用。1.2.4材料设备管理员职责:maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand A、依据施工组织设计，是方案的有关物质供应要求编制材料，设备供应，进场计划。B、组织进场物质的检验和抽查，保证物质的符合性。C、了解分析设备材料市场行情，有效利用社会资源。D、现场的实物、场地、记录管理。E、验收进场材料及质保书、合格证、准许证等的收集。F、施工机具的管理、维修、保养。1.2.5质检员职责：A、质检员对管辖范围内的质量检查工作负责。B、严把材料检查关，工序交接关，隐蔽工程验收关，特殊工种资格上岗关，分项工程质量评定抽、验关。C、对各施工质量自检记录进行审查并签字确认，并对签字的质量资料的真实性负责。D、发现施工中的质量失控行为和现象应坚持原则，及时提出并决定返修、返工或停止作业，同时上报技术负责人和上级质检部门，在所辖的范围行使“质量否决权”。E、整理收集施工过程中的检查记录，按规定向质检部门及时、准确填报各种报表。F、参加所辖区的工程质量动态和事故分析与调查。G、协助项目部做好分项、分部、单位工程的质量评定工作。H、协助班组搞好施工质量，控制掌握分项工程质量情况。积极参加项目经理部组织的或班组组织的质量攻关工作和活动。I、质检员所负责的项目出现质量问题、质量事故、重大质量事故，经落实为直接责任或主要责任的按“奖罚条例”执行。1.2.6安全监督员职责：A、认真贯彻执行劳动保护、安全生产的方针、政策、法令、法规、规范标准，协助工程项目负责人做好本工程安全工作。B、做好安全交底及新工人入场教育，未经教育不得上岗。maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand C、进行定期和不定期安全检查、验评，对查出的隐患提出整改意见和措施并对执行情况进行监督检查。D、现场文明施工检查管理，做好安全资料的收集管理。E、认真做好工伤事故统计和报告，参加工伤事故的调查处理。2、质量保证制度的建立与定额：根据GB/T19001—2000《质量管理体系—要求》制定建立并实施本工程的质量保证制度。2.1开工前，项目部组织全体人员认真学习设计文件，熟悉图纸，比照规范和标准，收集与工程有关的技术资料，编制好项目质量计划，落实各类管理人员的质量职责。2.2在充分熟悉设计图纸和相关文件后，进行图纸自审、会审，做好各施工部门的协调工作及施工班组的协调事宜。2.3对参与项目实施及过程控制的所有人员进行技术规范、标准、操作规程，作业指导书等的学习和培训，建立并实施完善的技术交底制度和施全过程的质量控制体系。2.4主要施工规范、标准：序号名称标准号1《钢结构工程施工质量验收规范》GB50205-20012《门式钢架轻型房屋钢结构技术规范》CECS102：983《碳素结构钢》GB700-884《建筑钢结构焊接规程》JGJ81--915《钢结构高强螺栓连接的设计、施工及验收规程》JGJ82--916《碳钢焊条》GB/T5117--957《焊接H型钢》YB3301-928《钢焊缝手工超声波探伤方法和探伤结果分级》GB11345－899《涂装前钢材表面处理规范》SYJ4007-8610《建筑安装工程质量检验评定统一标准》GB50300-200111《施工现场临时用电安全技术规范》JGJ46-883、施工准备maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand 3.1施工现场的准备（1）施工场地临时设施的准备、钢构制作车间的搭建。（2）场内临时道路准备。（3）施工用电、施工用水准备。（4）施工排水、排污的准备。（5）在总包方的指导下绘制钢结构预制现场的平面布置图。3.2资源配置包括：（1）劳力资源配备。（2）材料、机械设备配备。（3）半成品构件、配件的准备。（4）施工用大型机械设备的配置。（5）详见各种资源计划三、主要施工方法钢结构制作1．钢结构制作工艺1.1钢构制作及检验流程：制作工艺书施工图会审进料检验制作图，设置分段定尺板计划进料制样放样落样钢板对接切割矫直BH制作屋架桁架制作连接板加工maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand BH矫正拼装非破坏性检验焊接矫正除锈喷漆吊装计划书运输工地安装1.2材料1.2.1钢材（甲供）A．所使用钢材必须符合我国国家标准(GB)或材料生产国国家的标准，其化学成份及力学性能必须符合设计要求。B．使用的钢材须均为新制品，不得有裂痕、分层、锈蚀等。C．工程常用钢材如下：种类标准代号标准名称使用部位Q235GB700-88碳素结构钢次构件Q345GB1591-94低合金结构钢主构件等边角度GB9787-88热轧等边角钢尺寸、外形、重量及允许偏差连接件及其他不等边角钢GB9788-88热轧不等边角钢尺寸、外形、重量及允许偏差连接件及其他工字钢GB706-88热轧普通工字钢品种尺寸、外形、重量及允许偏差其他maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand 槽钢GB707-88热轧普通槽钢品种尺寸、外形、重量及允许偏差连接件及其他D．钢材检查（1）根据设计说明书及设计图，核对厂商提供的质保书并检测其外观和尺寸是否符合规定值，并记录于检验记录表。（2）厚钢板必须依规定作UT检测，检查是否有不符合规定的夹层存在。（3）必要时钢材须送国家认可的机构作材质试验，主要进行拉伸试验测定其强度，并可视业主需要可作弯曲试验、冲击试验、化学成份分析等。E．钢材管理（1）本工程钢材不可与其它工程用料混合堆置。（2）钢材的堆置不可有产生变形或倒塌。（3）钢材不可沾上油污、尘垢或易生锈的物品。（4）钢材底部须加垫材，不得直接放在地上以免受潮或受污。（5）Q235钢材与Q345钢材须用不同颜色标识。（6）搬运时应使用适当的吊夹具，避免钢材受损。1.2.2焊材A．常用焊材如表A～B所示。表A手弧焊用焊条焊条型号焊药类型焊接位置电流种类标准号抗拉强度Mpa（kg/mm2）屈服点Mpa（kg/mm2）伸长率（%）E4303钛钙型全位置交流直流正反接GB5117420（43）330（34）22E5016低氢钾型全位置交流直流反接GB5117490（50）400（41）22maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand 表BCO2焊、埋弧自动焊用焊丝和焊剂构件材质焊丝和焊剂Q235H08H08AH08E配合中或高锰焊剂H08MnH08MA配合无或低锰焊剂Q345H08H08E配合高锰焊剂H08H08AH08E配合中或高锰焊剂B．焊材的检验须核对其质保书是否与实物一致，其各项指标是否符合国家标准等。C．焊材的保存不可置于潮湿的地方，应置于有遮盖有防潮设施的场所。1.2.3涂料A．钢结构常用涂料如下表。涂料名称固成分(%)理论涂布率(M2/L)干膜厚mm干燥时间主要特点推荐涂装方法表干硬干表干硬干铁红醇酸底漆4010401.521.低表面处理,佳防锈性能2.用醇酸面漆复涂喷涂环氧中涂漆65780281.高膜厚,耐运输磨损2.可于恶劣环境下保护钢铁的中层油漆3.也可作面漆喷涂环氧面漆604.87026高膜厚,高性能防腐蚀2.可抵抗烟雾和外溅酸碱喷涂醇酸面漆4810406241.常规面漆,用于维修和新建筑物2.良好的装饰性3.易于保养,价格便宜喷涂B．涂料管理：maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand （1）涂装油漆规范应于设计前详细提到，并注明施工作业的相关规定，以供施工者作业。（2）涂装喷漆时应使用无气喷涂法施工，补漆可用手工刷涂施工。（3）涂料材料入库前，应依规定抽样检验，并记录于检验记录表以备查。（4）涂料入库应作适当的保存，注意防火、防爆。（5）施工规范规定不作涂装的部分应彻底执行，不得油漆。1.3加工工艺：钢结构梁柱，桁架的制作应根据施工图，安装条件合理分段并编制制作方案。钢结构的制作分类内容应包括制作概况、技术要求、技术方案、检验方法、平面布置、资源进度计划等。1.3.1放样与落样A、放样即依据施工详图，画出各构件的实际尺寸、形状，部份较复杂的构件必须经过展开，做成样板、样带，作为落样、切割、组合之用。B、常用的放样工具有：钢卷尺、直尺、角度尺、直角尺、焦线、石笔、样冲、剪刀，各量测工具必须与标准尺比对合格后方可用于放样，从而保证制作精度。C、样板材质：选用彩色钢板（PVC板）或镀锌板，保证制作精度不易变形。D、样板保存：注意防止日晒、雨淋、模糊不清。E、放样检查：(1)校对基本尺寸。(2)检查制作上或设计上是否有问题：a、构件上螺栓连接时有无障碍，螺栓孔位置是否符合设计要求；b、各构件组合有无障碍；c、焊接作业进行时有无障碍及电焊切割预留量是否足够；d、工作顺序模拟是否有障碍；e、构件运输有无障碍；f、现场高强螺栓与焊接作业之间有无障碍；g、特殊构件工地现场组合是否可行。F、落样注意事项：maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand (1)落样时依全尺寸放样的样板（考虑切割余量及焊接收缩量）。(2)每一单片材作适当取材安排，使钢板余料减少至最低程度，一般为小于4.5%。(3)大构件优先取材落样，小构件则尽量利用大构件所剩的空间落样。(4)取材应考虑应力作用方向与钢板轧制方向一致。(5)落样时特别注意材料是否平直，表面是否有伤痕。(6)较简单的构件，放样与落样可同时进行。(7)现场放样的地面须保持平整、干燥、坚实。(8)划线完成应尽快进行钻孔或裁剪，以免日晒雨淋后样线模糊不清。1.3.2裁切A、构件裁切方式分类：裁切方法裁切工具构件类型机械切断法剪床、锯床、砂轮机、角铁切断机薄钢板（厚度不得超过12mm）型钢类（角钢、槽钢…）火焰切割法多火嘴门式切割机半自动切割机手工切割机中厚钢板预热氧切割氧乙炔多火嘴门型切割机示意图maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand B、火焰切割注意事项：(1)切割速度应适当，正确的切割断面如下图所示：c.速度太慢b.速度太快a.正确速度(2)切割后允许有粗状熔渣成点状附着，但容易剥离且不留痕迹。(3)切断面伤痕或过于粗糙必须用砂轮机研磨。(4)切断面有缺陷发生时，必须补焊后用砂轮机研磨平整、光滑。(5)切割完成后，必须铲除熔渣，并用角磨机去除毛边。(6)在切割圆角部位必须用角磨机磨成弧线。(7)切割完成的板料须分类堆放整齐并按规定标识。C、剪切(1)剪板机工作示意图如下所示：1．工作台2．被剪板料3．防护栅4．上刀片5．定位档块6．下刀片654321(2)钢板剪切厚度不得超过20mm，角铁、槽钢切断厚度为不超过10mm，对切剪质量要求应以切断面不变形为宜。(3)切断面须去除毛边并打磨修齐。(4)剪切完成的板料、型钢须分类堆放整齐并按规定标识。1.3.3制孔A、制孔主要设备：悬臂钻床、冲孔机、台式钻床B、制孔注意事项：(1)孔径、孔位、孔间距须符合图纸规定并达到质量要求。maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand (2)板厚超过12mm的构件，不得用冲孔机制孔。(3)制孔若有错误不得用火焰割孔，只可用铰刀扩孔。(4)高强螺栓孔的贯通率及阻塞率须符合下表：接合方法螺栓规格（mm）贯通样规（mm）贯通率（%）阻塞样规（mm）阻塞率（%）磨擦接合DD+1.0100D+3.080以上支承接合DD+0.7100D+0.81001.3.4型钢组立及矫正A、H钢组立顺序如下图示：B、组立点焊要求：(1)焊接前须将焊接面及其临近位置的黑皮、铁锈、油漆、油脂等杂物彻底清除干净。(2)焊接材料须与主焊道保持一致。(3)点焊道长度、间距须符合相关作业标准，参见下表：板厚焊道长焊道间距组立缝间隙不超过25mm10~20mm300~400mm不超过1mm超过25mm30~50mm300~400mm不超过1mm(4)点焊完成后，必须将焊渣及飞溅渣清除干净。C、H矫正采用专业的H型钢矫正机，如下图所示：上压轮maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand 下压轮F矫正中矫正前矫正后H矫正机可矫正之变形型钢如下图：D、型钢加热矫正法图例：②①②开始点终点开始点①先两脚同时加热然后中央部加热两脚同时加热（A）角钢（B）槽钢开始点终点②开始②①先腹板同时加热然后翼板加热①先两翼板同时加热然后腹板加热②①先腹板加热然后翼板加热（D）H型钢（C）T型钢E、加热矫正注意事项：(1)加热温度不得超过6500C（暗红色），且不可急冷以避免钢材脆性。(2)采用加热加压法时，250~3500C时不可锤打，避免发生脆断。maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand (3)长跨度的梁或其它构件必须按施工图所示要求进行预拱。(4)钢板厚度较大时可采用预热，避免表面与中心温差太大而发生裂纹。1.3.5二次组合A、二次组合流程范例(1)柱组合示意图：(2)梁组合示意图：B、二次组合注意事项：(1)梁上弦控制：放大图maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand (2)柱牛腿控制：放大图1.3.6表面处理A、除锈本工程采用手工或机械除锈，除锈完成后，应会同相关检验人员检验合格后，于4小时内喷涂第一道底漆。B、涂装(1)涂装施工示意图如下：1．喷枪2．高压油漆输送管3．气泵4．油漆吸入软管5．气管6．油漆7．压缩空气储气桶1754326(2)涂装限制如下表：禁止条件处理措施禁止施工原因1.超过规定涂装时间(除锈后4小时)重新除锈因时间间隔太久,构件可能生锈及集尘2.环境温度低于50C或超过500C待恢复常温或移至温度调节符合规定处施工低温:不易干燥,易发生龟裂高温:易产生气泡与针孔maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand 3.空气湿度超过85%停止施工附着不良并导致起泡生锈4.被涂物表面有泥沙、油脂或其他污物附着使用适当电动工具、手动工具、抹布揩试干净,油脂用有机溶剂洗去漆膜会附着不良,易时起泡和生锈5.环境灰尘较多停止作业,或在适当遮盖下施工容易引起漆膜的附着不良6.被涂表面未按设计规定进行除锈处理按设计规定重新除锈漆膜附着不良7.混合型涂料已超过使用时间必须废弃不用降低漆膜的品质与性能8.油漆外观不均匀有异物重新充分搅拌混合油漆,仍有异状时废弃不用降低漆膜的品质与性能9.下层漆未干待完全干透后再施工易引起下层漆的起皱与剥离10.超过规定涂装间隔使用适当工具将漆面磨粗糙降低漆膜间的附着性,容易引起层间剥离11.需要焊接部位用胶带粘贴后再施工影响焊接质量12.与混凝土接触面或预埋件部分不作涂装无需涂装13.高强螺栓连接磨擦面、接全部不得涂装降低抗滑移系数,影响磨擦结合(3)涂装膜厚检验标准：油漆干膜厚用电子膜厚计测量，被检测点中有90%以上的点达到或超过规定膜厚，未达到规定膜厚的点的膜厚值达到或超过规定膜厚值的90%。(4)涂装检测应特别注意是否有因搬运所造成的撞伤、碰伤及变形而损伤油漆涂膜。(5)补漆：maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand a、预涂底漆钢材如表面因滚压、切割、焊接或安装磨损，以致油漆损坏或生锈时，必须用喷珠或电动工具清理后，再行补漆。b、油漆涂装后，漆膜如发现有龟裂、起皱、刷纹、垂流、粉化、失光等现象时，应将漆膜刮除以砂纸研磨后重新补漆。c、油漆涂装后，如有发现起泡、裂陷洞孔、剥离生锈或针孔等现象时，应将漆膜刮除并经表面处理后，再按规定涂装间隙层次予以补漆。d、补漆材料必须采用与原施工相同性质的材料。1.4焊接工艺1.4.1焊接准备A、焊材干燥及管理：(1)一般钛钙型焊条如为新品则不必干燥，未用完的回收品则必须经60~1000C的干燥1小时后再使用。(2)低氢焊条须经3000C温度、1个小时以上的干燥后，再放入1000C的干燥箱内储存。(3)焊剂箱打开使用时，必须处于干燥状态下方可用于施焊。(4)焊剂如打开经12小时后，须经1200C、1小时的干燥后使用。(5)新购买的焊条必须交仓库保管，置于通风、干燥、不直接接触地面的场所，使用时须填具领料单向仓库领用。(6)工作结束，剩余焊条必须收回置于干燥箱内，次日再取用。B、焊接预热(1)在低温或母材为厚板时可进行焊接前加热，从而避免焊接部位因急冷而发生裂纹。(2)预热温度控制可参照下表且在焊接作业指导书上确定：根据钢材及板厚确定根据含碳量确定钢材焊材板厚(mm)含碳量(%)预热温度(0C)t<252512焊条直径(mm)不大于工件厚3.2~4.0>4.0(3)电流选择如下表:焊条直径(mm)2.53.24.05.0电流(A)50~80100~130160~210200~270B、埋弧自动焊(1)钢板对接焊接参数表:板厚(mm)焊丝直径(mm)焊接道数焊接电流(A)焊接电压(V)焊接速度(cm/min)6~144.01~2道400~58028~4050~7314~304.0~6.02道以上600~100036~4030~75maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand (2)填角焊焊接参数表:焊脚高度(mm)焊丝直径(mm)焊接电流(A)焊接电压(V)焊接速度(cm/min)62450~47534~366783550~66034~36504575~62534~3650103600~65034~36384650~70034~3638123600~65034~36254725~77536~38335775~82536~3830C、CO2焊接电流参数表:焊丝直径水平角焊对接全熔透焊接1.2mm200~300A190~300A220~320A1.6mm300~400A320~380A220~320A1.4.3焊接施工A、钢板对接(1)下料：根据施工图要求把所要拼接的钢板放长15~20mm，以补充焊缝收缩和边线的不整齐的焊后修整。(2)开坡口：钢板厚度大于8mm时必须开坡口，坡口形式如下图，采用半自动切割机开取。haachca=700h=3mmc=3mm板厚为24mm以上板厚为14~22mm(3)清理焊接区：在焊接区域，坡口焊缝边缘需除锈、割渣、maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand 油污，防止焊接缺陷产生；双面焊接时必须进行反面清根，采用碳弧气刨。(4)焊接次序：板厚（mm）说明图示6~121．焊接次序为1→22．第1道使用埋弧焊或CO2焊3．第2道使用埋弧焊12321414~221．焊接次序为1→2→3→42．第1道使用手工焊或CO2焊打底3．第2~4道使用埋弧焊4．注意层间清理312424~501．焊接次序为1→2→3→42．第1道使用手工焊或CO2焊打底3．第2~4道使用埋弧焊4．注意层间清理B、H型钢焊接(1)组立：在组立机上点焊组立，保证翼板与腹板组立间隙小于1mm，以防止埋弧焊时焊穿。43211342(2)埋弧焊焊接次序如下图示，减少焊接变形。1.4.4焊接缺点及改善maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand A、良好的焊道外观图：C值在规定值以内船形埋弧焊良好的焊道外观CO2填角焊良好的焊道外观钢板对接良好的焊道外观B、焊接缺点改善表：缺点图示改善修补措施咬边1.使用较小电流2.减慢焊接速度3.使用短弧焊4.保持正确的焊条角度5.选用合适焊条补焊后打磨平整气孔(凹孔)1.使用适当电流2.彻底清除干净焊接部位的油污及锈蚀3.焊条充分干燥4.使用低氢焊条5.使用短弧焊补焊后打磨平整未熔合1.调高焊接电流2.调整焊接速度3.使用合适的焊条打磨后补焊未焊透1.加大开槽角度2.选择适当直径的焊条3.降低焊接速度4.调高焊接电流清根后补焊夹渣1.每层焊道的焊渣彻底清理干净2.使用适当的焊接参数,避免焊渣先行卷入3.适当加大开槽的根部间隙用开槽器去除不良部份后补焊maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand 裂纹1.母材预热2.使用低氢焊条3.焊条充分干燥4.使用含硫、磷较少的母材(母材须复验合格)用开槽器去除不良部份,查明裂纹发生原因、改善施工细则后再行补焊焊穿1.减小拼装间隙2.降低焊接电流3.提高焊接速度4.使用短弧焊用开槽器去除不良部份后补焊变形1.调整焊接顺序2.选择适当的焊接参数3.据设计要求进行预变形4.充分使用拘束力,但应注意是否会产生裂纹机械矫正加热矫正焊缝厚度不足1.使用正确的焊条2.选择适当的焊接参数3.加强管理清洁后补焊并打磨平整焊缝余高过大1.降低焊接电流2.提高焊接速度3.使用正确的焊条用砂轮机磨平1.5检测1.5.1一般检查A、制造图检查：核对材料表中构件尺寸与施工图的标准尺寸是否一致。B、材料检查：(1)检查所有钢材是否符合国家标准，是否具有质量证明书，质量证明书与实物是否相符，必要时对钢板板进行复验。(2)所用焊接材料是否符合国家标准，质量证明书是否齐全。(3)涂料是否有质量证明书。Cmaintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand 、放样尺寸检查：落样切割前须对放样尺寸检查是否与施工图尺寸相同。D、焊接面检查：根据不同的板厚，检查焊接面形状、尺寸、角度是否符合规范。E、焊接部位的检查：(1)焊前检查：表面清洁，必要时母材的预热，焊条干燥。(2)焊中检查：检查现场施工是否按照焊接工艺指导书工艺参数作业，主要为电流、电压、焊接速度及各电焊层间的清理。(3)焊后检查：焊道外观检查及修补。1.5.2非破坏性焊道检查A、所有焊道作外观检查，外形尺寸符合“钢结构焊接尺寸”的规定。B、非破坏超声波内部检测，根据施工设计图的要求。探伤比例：一级焊缝100%，二级焊缝20%。C、超声波检测应根据现行国家标准GB1134-89。1.5.3涂装检测A、涂装前对构件进行除锈。B、涂装施工后，油漆实干后进行膜厚检测，膜厚标准为90%以上的点需达设计膜厚，且未达到标准之点的膜厚最低值不低于设计膜厚的90%。C、检测点及位置按GB50205-2001的规定进行。4成品检测A、尺寸检测参下表：检测项目简图允许偏差（mm）测量工具L长度+3.0钢卷尺maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand HB高度与宽度+3.0钢板尺钢卷尺腹板偏心度+2.0直角尺钢板尺翼板倾斜度+2.0钢板尺构件弯曲度L/1000Max=5.0水线钢卷尺构件扭曲度H/250Max=5.0重垂线钢卷尺L3孔位+3.0钢板尺L1L2孔间距+1.5钢板尺ee底板弯度+3.0钢板尺水线B、焊缝检测如下表：检测项目简图允许偏差（mm）测量工具裂纹不允许UT焊脚尺寸0~+1.5mm焊接量规maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand 焊脚对称度+3.0mm焊接量规咬边焊缝余高<0.1tmax=1.0mm<3.0mm焊接量规焊接量规气孔内部气孔不允许UT表面气孔<2个/米目视.钢板尺C、表面处理外观检测：项目标准测量器具颜色色彩一致，无时显色差目视漏喷构件无漏喷，特别在边角、焊缝处目视起皱/流挂钢构件不得有起皱、流挂现象目视漆膜厚90%以上点达标准厚度，未达标准厚度之点的厚度不得小于标准值的90%电子膜厚计钢结构安装放安装基础线基础验收1．施工流程高强度螺栓锁紧精度调整柱中心线检测地脚螺栓预埋垂直度、标高校正屋架桁架安装钢柱吊车梁安装maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand 2.施工方法A、地脚螺栓定位（1）建筑物的柱轴线和柱顶标高的准确度直接影响到钢结构质量，地脚螺栓定位应朝着厂房伸缩方向进行。（2）利用土建木模板，装上专用的夹具（专用夹具及定位的加工件由项目组现场加工制作），按施工图纸的尺寸及已确定的中心基准点固定牢固，接着把地脚螺栓依次穿入定位板中，用水准仪测量每根螺栓的标高，用经纬仪复测纵、横轴线符合设计要求，无误后即可予以固定，则定位完毕。（3）螺栓表面的油脂清除干净，再放进定位模板中，以保证螺栓的预埋质量。（4）螺栓定位后，应经甲方监理工程师检验合格，作好验收记录。当浇注混凝土时，质检员、班长必须跟班查看及监护，专用模具是否松动跑偏，螺栓是否倾斜，一旦发现问题马上处理纠正。混凝土凝固一天后可以卸下专用模具。螺栓的螺牙部分应用钢丝刷清扫干净，涂上黄油并拧进二个螺母，利用塑料薄膜包扎好，以保护螺牙不损伤。（5）预埋锚栓尺寸的允许误差应符合：a、螺栓中心偏移±5mmb、螺栓露出长度+20mmc、螺纹长度+20mmB、立柱吊装（1）安装前用木工墨斗放好基础平面的纵横向基准线作为柱底板安装定位线。（2）根据现场实际，立柱吊装时应采用汽车吊吊装，柱子安装属于竖向垂直吊装，为了使吊起的柱子保持下垂，便于就位，绑扎点设在柱子全长2/3的上方位置处。为避免吊起的柱子自由摆动，在柱底上部用麻绳绑好，作为牵制溜绳的调整方向。吊装前的准备工作就绪后，首先进行试吊，吊起一端高度为100~maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand 200mm时应停吊，检查索具牢固。当吊车稳定于安装基础上方时，可指挥吊车缓慢下降，当柱底距离基础位置40~100mm时，调整柱底与基础两基准线达到准确位置，指挥吊车下降就位，并拧紧全部地脚螺栓螺母，临时采用8#铁丝加固。就位采用经纬仪看正，立柱垂直度、允许偏差为小于10mm。（3）柱子的校正：主要校正钢柱的垂直度与标高。测量采用两部经纬仪。首先将经纬仪放的柱子一侧，使纵中丝对准柱子座的基线，然后固定水平度盘的各螺丝。测柱子的中心线，由上而观测，若纵中心线对准，则柱子垂直，不对准则需调整柱子，直至对准经纬仪中丝为止。以同样的方法测横线，使柱子另一面中心线垂直于基线横轴。柱子准确定位后，即可对柱子进行固定工作。C、吊车梁的吊装(1)在立柱吊装就位并调整安装完毕后即可进行吊车梁、柱间支撑、柱间框架梁等的吊装。（2）安装前用木工墨斗放好立柱牛腿上平面的纵向基准线作为吊车梁安装定位线。（3）吊车梁同样也是采用汽车吊来进行吊装的。绑扎点设在吊车梁全长1/3和2/3的位置处。为避免吊起的钢梁自由摆动，在钢梁两端用麻绳绑好，作为牵制溜绳的调整方向。吊装前的准备工作就绪后，首先进行试吊，平行吊起高度为100~200mm时应停吊，检查索具牢固。检查无误后开始缓缓吊起到安装高度后水平移动至安装基准线再缓缓落下，用撬棍调整吊车梁的中心线与立柱牛腿上平面的纵向基准线相一至即可，穿上连接螺栓锁紧。（4）柱间支撑、柱间框架梁等的吊装与上述方式基本相同。C、屋架安装（1）屋架事先在钢构制作车间预制拼装好，水平运输到吊装位置附近。屋架在吊装前，应检查其弯曲度，几何尺寸的偏差是否符合施工图纸的尺寸，误差是否在规范范围内。当尺寸在规范的构件外形尺寸的允许偏差范围内核对合格后，可以进行屋架吊装。maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand （3）钢屋架吊装，钢屋架吊装前的各项准备工作应事先做好，立柱上安排操作人员，屋架采用汽车吊吊装。为防止吊装过程扭曲变形，屋架吊装采用吊装扁担辅助吊装。（4）屋架吊装，其吊点应采取措施保护，如用破布包好吊点位置以保护油漆不破坏，避免以后高空补刷油漆。（5）屋架吊装过程中，为了避免左右晃动过大，应在屋架构件端拉上4根麻绳，通过地面操作，使屋架吊装时更加平稳。D、高强度螺栓的安装（1）安装高强度螺栓时，构件的磨擦面应保持干燥，不得雨中作业。（2）高强度螺栓的规格、螺栓号应与图纸要求相符。（3）高强度螺栓应顺畅穿入孔内，不得强行敲打、气割扩孔。穿入方向应符合图纸要求且高强度螺栓不得作为临时安装螺栓用。（4）高强度螺栓的安装应按一定顺序施拧，宜由螺栓群的中央向外拧紧，并应在当天终拧完毕。为减少先拧和后拧的高强度螺栓预拉力的差。其拧紧分为初拧和终拧两步，初拧扭矩值不小于终拧的30%，终拧扭矩值应符合设计要求。（5）高强度螺栓的终拧用电动扭断器，高强度螺栓尾部扭断后为施拧合格。四、工程拟投入的主要施工机械设备情况表序号机械或设备名称规格或型号数量用于施工部位进场时间1门式起重机18m·20t4台钢构制作开工前2门式起重机18m·10t2台钢构制作开工前3门型自动火焰切割机3000*180002套钢构制作开工前maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand 4半自动火焰切割机CG1-304套钢构制作开工前5角铁切断机75*64台钢构制作开工前6H型钢组焊机4套钢构制作开工前7H型钢翼缘矫正机2套钢构制作开工前8林肯埋弧焊机DC-100020套钢构制作开工前9松下CO2焊机500A30套钢构制作开工前10林肯焊机V-300-115台钢构制作开工前11两用焊机TIG/MMAWS-400B20台钢构制作开工前12碳弧气刨400A4套钢构制作开工前13悬臂钻床Z30408台钢构制作开工前14磁座钻Z2310台钢构制作开工前15油压冲孔机45ton3套钢构制作开工前16立式钻床Z256套钢构制作开工前17无空气喷涂机2套油漆用开工前18螺旋空压机2套油漆用开工前19汽车起重机8t2台钢构吊装用开工前20汽车起重机16t1台钢构吊装用21汽车起重机50t1台钢构吊装用钢构吊装前22汽车起重机100t1台钢构吊装用钢构吊装前23平板拖车FV113HL25t1台钢构运输用开工前24平板拖车CWB520HTL40t1台钢构运输用钢构吊装前25载重汽车15t1台钢构运输用开工前26载重汽车8t1台钢构运输用开工前27工具车1.25t2台场内交通钢构吊装前28叉车5t2台场内搬运用开工前29叉车8t1台场内搬运用开工前30卷扬机1t3t5t各3台拼装.吊装用开工前maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand 31手拉葫芦1t、3t、5t各10只吊装用32千斤顶10t2只组装.调整用开工前33千斤顶20t2只组装.调整用开工前34逆变交直流氩弧焊机WSME-50010台现场安装用开工前35手提焊机BX6-180-22台现场安装用开工前36焊条烘干箱ZYH-604台钢构制作车间开工前37发电机380V36KW1台临设用备用38角向磨光机φ100-φ12515台钢构制作车间开工前39砂轮切割机φ40014台钢构制作车间开工前40冲击电钻φ268台施工现场用开工前41UT检测设备2台钢构制作车间开工前42光学经纬仪TDJ22台现场安装用开工前43电子经纬仪DT-1012台现场安装用开工前44激光对中仪Easy-LaserMo2套现场安装用开工前45框式水平仪200×20010台现场安装用开工前46自动安平水准仪DZS3-12台现场安装用开工前47自动安平水准仪DSZ22台现场安装用开工前48焊接检验尺40型5把钢构制作用开工前49塞尺0-150/300系列8只钢构制作用开工前50铝水平尺300/400/500/800mm20只现场安装用开工前51钢卷尺3m5m10m～30m30只钢构制作用开工前52钢直尺3005001000mm20只钢构制作用开工前53钢角尺300mm20只钢构制作用开工前五、劳动力安排计划单位:人maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand 工种按工程施工阶段投入劳动力情况20406080100120140150(日历天)合计人数冷作工305060606050402060焊工305060606050402060钳工2101010533310起重工5103030302010530电工888444448油漆工4102020201010520辅助工202030303030201030六、确保工程质量的技术组织措施１、质量体系的保证措施1.1公司取得了ISO9001：2000的质量认证。公司将按GB/T19001-ISO9001：2000《质量管理体系要求》标准建立本工程的质量管理体系。并按质量管理体系的要求开展相应的质量活动，对工程施工的全过程进行有效的控制，确保工程质量符合规定的要求。参与本工程施工的全体员工应牢记公司的质量方针，并把质量方针的精神落实到各自的实际工作中。本工程的质量目标是：工程质量符合业主提出的有关标准的要求，单位工程质量等级为合格，保证工程质量一次交验合格率100%，让业主满意。参与本工程施工的全体员工应在各自的质量活动中作出努力，确保本工程质量目标的实现。1.2质量体系文件公司颁发了“质量手册”和程序文件以及一些质量管理性文件。这些质量体系文件都应在本工程的施工中得到贯彻和实施。本工程项目也应根据工程的实际情况编制工程项目质量计划和有关的作业指导书，并在施工中贯彻实施。2、质量管理的保证措施maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand 2.1管理办法2.1.1实施质量否决权的规定本工程在质量管理中应执行公司颁发的《强化质量管理，实施质量否决权的规定及实施细则》的要求加强质量管理。坚持谁施工，谁负责质量的原则。明确班组长及作业者对工序质量负责，专业施工员对各专业分部工程质量负责，项目经理对工程项目质量负责，各职能部门及人员对工程质量管理负责的质量职责。2.1.2实行质量监督、检查、考核的办法本工程在质量管理中应执行公司颁发的《质量监督、检查管理办法》的要求加强质量监督，采取工程质量常规检和监督检相结合的办法，对工程质量实行监督、检查、管理和考核。2.2管理要求2.2.1技术标准与技术要求有关的工程技术管理人员应熟悉和掌握相关技术标准，并向有关的作业人员认真交底，以便在施工前期的方案确定和工程备料中，以及施工过程的作业中，减少失误。2.2.2设备材料在设备和材料的定货中，应正确地选择生产厂家和产品，在签定合同中应明确有关的技术要求和随行技术资料，在施工过程中，应按产品的有关要求进行施工。2.2.3施工人员资质参与本工程施工的人员，其资质应符合有关规定的要求。焊工、电工、起重工应根据国内的要求持证上岗。焊工及有些工种还要符合业主的有关要求，其中焊工通过相关资格测试并取得焊工证书。2.2.4检验和试验本工程对进货的设备材料应按有关规定进行必要的检验和试验，以确保材料完全没有缺陷并适合其计划的用途。maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand 本工程在施工过程中，应对工序、节点、隐蔽工程等进行必要的检验和试验，以证实这些过程符合规定的要求，这些检验和试验按不同的要求，分别由班组长、施工员、质检员、专业检测、试验员及业主代表参加进行。2.2.5质量记录本工程在整个施工过程，各有关人员均应在各自的质量活动中形成完整的记录，以证明确施工过程及工程质量符合规定的要求。这些质量记录在工程完工时应整理装订成册，作为交工资料归档。3、质量控制的保证措施3.1设备、材料的控制进入现场的材料，必须符合现行国家、地方法规的规定及设计要求，必须附有合格证书，产地证明、装箱清单、规格、型号证明等随货文件，并核对这些设备、材料的合格证、材质证明书、产品技术文件等随行资料，以证实这些材料是完好的，是适合工程需要的。并经甲方、监理工程师检验合格后，方可进场。3.2施工工艺的控制本工程各专业施工工艺的制定应根据施工图纸、规范、标准及业主要求进行。制定的工艺能满足施工质量的要求，又与企业的施工能力相一致。重要的施工艺应经过有关部门的批准及业主代表的认可。3.3工序的控制工序质量是工程质量的根本，工序质量的控制是工程质量控制的重要环节，班组长及工序的完成者应严把工序质量关，认真进行工序自检和工序交接检，确保只有合格的工序才能进入下一道工序。3.4不合格品的控制本工程出现的不合格品应按有关规定进行控制。进入现场的不合格设备材料，项目部应迅速隔离并将情况报告有关部门，属业主提供的，就报告业主代表。有关部门组织评审和作出处置意见。处置的原则是不合格的物资不允许用在工程上。maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand 施工过程中出现的不合格工序，属轻微不合格，由施工员组织评审并按返工处置。属一般不合格的，由项目部经理或技术负责人组织评审并作出处置意见。3.5施工机具的控制进入本工程的施工机具应是完好的，并能满足工艺操作的需要。施工机具的使用人应合理使用并维护这些施工机具，为工序能够正常发挥提供保证。3.6检验、测量和试验设备的控制本工程所配备的计量器具应能满足工程检验、测量和试验的需要。这些计量器具应是经过检定校准的，且在有效的周期内。计量器具的领用人应对器具妥善保管，以确保器具的准确度。对失准或超过检定周期的计量器具，领用人应及时退回。对已经用失准或超过检定周期的计量器具进行检验、测量和试验的项目，其结果的有效性应重新验证。3.7产品保护的控制本工程的设备、材料和工程产品均应在整个施工进程中得到有效的保护。必要时编制保护方案。设备、材料在安装前应为其提供足够的贮存条件，以确保这些设备、材料不丢失、不损坏、不变质、不变形。在施工过程中应对设备、半成品、成品进行妥善的保护，这种保护应延续至整个工程的交付使用。七、确保安全生产的技术组织措施1、安全管理目标：1.1零事故。1.2杜绝火灾事故、设备事故。2、安全管理2.1项目经理部成立“安全领导小组”，在施工过程中，正确贯彻国家、省、市及公司有关“安全第一，预防为主”的方针政策、法令、法规。施工现场严格执行部颁JGJ59-99标准，加强现场施工作业人员安全意识，在保证安全生产的前提下，全面完成任务。maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand 2.2根据本工程的特点，安全管理领导小组以国家有关的安全生产法律、标准、规范、规章制度对施工生产的全过程加以监控。项目部建立健全岗位责任制，责任到人。按照“管生产必须管安全”的原则，项目经理为项目安全生产第一责任人，安全员、施工员为安全生产直接责任人，项目经理亲自率领项目部安全人员对施工现场做定期、不定期的安全检查，把检查结果与当月奖金挂钩，实行隐患整改、安全防护、安全措施落实、文明施工列入议事日程，重要、特殊的分部（或分项）工程实施前召开专题会，制定严密的安全技术措施，在布置生产任务的同时应同时计划、同时布置、同时检查、同时总结、同时评比安全工作，使整个工程在施工中伤亡事故为零。2.3新进场工人、转场工作、劳务队伍、应进行岗前三级安全教育。项目部作为第一线的组织部门，应对本项目的操作人员进行工作状况、生产过程、机具设备、操作规程等有针对性的教育，提高自我保护意识，避免在施工中违章指挥、违章操作，没有经过培训的人员不得上岗，教育率应达100%，2.4各专业施工员应对所负责的工程，如：施工生产工艺、施工技术、施工作业环境、分部（或分项）向班组有针对性的安全技术交底并签字。进行交底的目的是为了提高好生产，预防事故的发生，只有这样，才能使当事者引起高度重视，真正起到预防事故的作业。项目部安全监督管理人员必须按照交底内容随时检查，查措施是否有落实，这样，既可查交底的工作情况，又能敦促班组提高安全意识，促使工人按章操作。2.5工程开工时，项目组必须制订防火安全责任制，制度层层落实，并成立消防领导小组，组织义务消防队，消防队员应选择年青、思想好、上进心强的班组骨干担任。作业区、生活区、重点防火部位（材料库、油料库、气瓶库、半成品仓库）要制定有针对性的防火安全规定和悬挂安全防火警示标志牌，并配备相应的灭火器材。仓库内易燃、易爆物品应有安全防护措施。在施工现场使用的灭火器材必须是经批准的。2.6maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand 参加项目施工、操作人员，应做好个人安全防护，统一着装，穿工作皮鞋，在施工中应戴有两侧防护板的安全眼镜。2.7良好作业环境能确保生产中的安全，这是文明施工的最基本要求。班组每天下班时，将本班在施工作业中剩余的土头、废料、边角料及时清理干净，重要的设备应用塑料布遮盖，避免脏物侵入，同时，要严格加强现场材料、半成品、设备的堆放、管理，做到经常清理现场，保持场地整洁、文明。3、安全技术措施：3.1高处作业必须系好合格的安全带，应高挂低用，作业所用的物料堆放要平稳，工具用完要随时放入工具袋内，上、下传递物件严禁抛掷；登高用的门型架要稳固，四周要绑在坚固的建筑物上；脚手架高度超过其宽或长的三倍时，应用绳索固定或用外部托架固定；现场不得使用以竹搭建的脚手架；使用伸缩梯爬上屋顶或平台时，梯子的顶部必须至少高出屋顶或平台三英尺并将梯子的顶部固定；梯子只能站一个人，底部应有防滑措施。3.2对吊装设备和参加吊装设备的全体人员在吊装前应进行吊装技术和安全技术交底，吊装过程应有专人指挥。操作员必须坚守岗位。在现场使用的起重机必须经过专业工程师批准，在吊装物件时就始终让吊索的负载量大于负载物的重量，并切勿在工作人员顶上吊起负载物。如在叉式起重车上装有坐位和安全带，否则除驾员外，任何人均不得坐叉式起重车上，起重车上的叉具不得用于装载任何人。3.3施工现场的洞坑口、沟口、预留洞口、通道口、楼梯口必须有安全防护和明显标志。3.4氧气、乙炔两瓶距离为5米，与明火的安全距离为10米。3.5现场临时用电气严格按颁标准JGJ46-88的TN-S三相五线制接零保护系统，以三级配电、二级保护的原则实施布线。3.5.1接零：配电中的N线只做为施工设备工作零线，不得将其接入设备不带电的金属壳上。接地：PE线在施工中只做为设备的保护接零使用，不得将其接入工作零线使用。maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand 重复接地：接地电阻不得大于4Ω，并严格区分N线与保护零线。3.5.2一旦发现线路、电器、机具存在缺陷、损失时，应立即退出，进行更换，不得带病使用。电动机具应进行有效地接零保护，实行“一机”、“一闸”、“一保险”，严禁同一个开关直接控制二台及二台以上的用电设备。3.5.3施工过程需架设临时线路时，应由专职电工进行架设，所架设的线路禁用金属绑扎或绑扎在金属构件上，以防止触电事故的发生。3.5.4配电箱、柜安装位置便于操作、维护，并应在箱柜旁挂设干粉灭火器。八、确保文明施工的技术组织措施1、施工现场应设立“一图四牌”，即：施工总平面布置图、工程名称概况牌、职工守则牌、安全操作规程牌、标语牌。2、现场的施工材料、施工机具、设备摆设应整齐有序。3、临时工房、施工现场、食堂应做好防火、防盗工作。4、施工现场的“四口”应设保护栏及做好明显标志。5、施工现场应保持整洁，施工垃圾应当日清理。6、临设及卫生间污水应经化粪池处理后，排入城市污水管网。7、汽车、吊车出施工现场前，应清洗不能污染城市道路。8、施工现场及临设必须设专人清扫，保证整洁。九、确保工期的技术组织措施1、利用项目管理网络技术，科学合理安排施工进度计划：maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand 为了对工期总目标进行宏观控制。实现质量、效益、工期、安全等各项指标。优选施工方案，合理调配人工、材料和机械设备，力求减少投入，增加产出，提高工效。将先进的施工技术和科学的施工管理熔合在施工生产的全过程中，通过调密的调查、研究，进行了大量的计算，反复平衡、优化，编制出综合网络计划。综合网络计划采取二级网络的形式，一级网络为施工进度总控制网络，在把施工总工期控制在合同工期以内的前提下，规定了各个分部分项工程的控制工期。作为施工的控制目标，各分部分项工程根据在一级网络中的进度控制，制定出网络计划即为二级网络，二级网络对各分项部分项工程的施工提供具体的指导。因此合理安排各道工序施工的起始时间及工序搭接，是保证施工进度的关健。2、计划保证：在施工生产中抓主导工序，组织流水交叉，安排合理各施工程序，做好劳动组织调动和协调工作，通过施工网络节点控制目标的实现来保证各控制点工期目标的实现，从而进一步通过各级控制点工期的实现来确保工期控制进度计划的实现。3、组织保证：本工程将按我公司成熟的项目法管理体制，实行项目法施工，建立项目经理责任制，对本工程行使计划、组织、指挥、协调、实施、监督六项基本职能，并在公司系统内选择施工班组，能打硬仗的，并在施工过大型建筑安装系统施工班组承担施工任务。4、制度保证：建立生产例会制度，利用动态管理实行三周滚动计划，每星期召开1次例会，检查上次例会以来的计划执行情况，布置下一次周会前的计划，对拖延进度计划要求的工作内容找出原因，并及时采取有效措施保证计划完成。对拖延进度计划要求的工作内容找出原因，关及时采取有效措施保证计划完成。举行与监理、设计、建设、质监等部门的联席办公会议，及时解决施工中出现的问题。5、实施动态管理的控制手段施工阶段进度计划的动态控制，是一个循序渐进的过程，项目经理经常地、定期地收集现场施工进度信息，画出前锋线，并不断地将实际进度与计划进度进行比较，从中发现实际进度是提前、拖后还是与计划相符，一旦发现进度偏差，首先分析产生偏差的原因，并系统地分析对后续工作产生的影响，在此基础上提出修改措施，以保证项目最终预计工期的实现。maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand 施工进度计划动态控制的主要任务，一是准确、及时、全面、系统地收集、整理、分析进度执行过程中的有关资料，明确地反映施工进度状况，进行必要的检查和监督；二是通过施工进度计划的执行情况，为计划的调整以及如何加强控制提供必要的依据。十、施工总进度表(附后)十一、施工总平面布置图（附后）maintenancebusinessreception;(3)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisebusinessorproductionmanagement;(4)Carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationenterprisetechnologymanagement;(5)carmaintenanceenterpriseorcarsalesandafter-salesserviceintegrationEnterprisecaraccessoriesmanagement;(6)carperformancedetectionEnterprisecarperformancedetectionandevaluation,anddetectionequipmentmaintenance;(7)cartransportenterprisecarusingmanagement;(8)insurancecompanyvehiclesaccidentsiteexploration;(9)carmanufacturingenterprisecarperformancedetectionanddebugging;2.getcertificatethisteachingplansaccordingtoMinistryofeducationhighvocationaldesignedprofessionaldirectoryprepared(Professionalcode:),andintegratedintotheMinistryoflaborandsocialsecurityallfourcarmechanicinthenationaloccupationalstandardsoccupationalfunctionsandskillrequirements,studentscompletingthiscourseundertheteachingplan,coredoublecertificatecoursescoreupto60pointsormore,...2....（2）Masterofmechanicaldrawing,engineeringmechanics,mechanics,automotivematerialsandprocessingtechnology,basicknowledgesuchasElectrotechnicsand