莱德商务中心中央空调系统毕业设计

'河南城建学院《毕业设计》题目上海市莱德商务中心中央空调系统学号041411120姓名葛强专业建筑环境与设备工程课程名称空调工程指导教师李奉翠、周恒涛、王培虞婷婷、鞠锐、付浩卡能源与建筑环境工程学院2015年5月87 目录一．设计目的和要求3一．设计题目及工程概况32.1设计题目32.2工程概况3二．设计依据33.1气象资料33.2空调房间参数43.3建筑参数43.4其他说明5四．冷、湿负荷计算54.1冷负荷计算54.1.1外墙与屋顶瞬变传热引起的冷负荷54.1.2内围护结构冷负荷64.1.3外玻璃窗瞬变传热引起的冷负荷64.1.4透过玻璃窗的日射得热形成冷负荷的计算方法74.1.5设备显热冷负荷74.1.6照明设备冷负荷84.1.7人体冷负荷84.2房间的负荷计算94.2.1房间各负荷计算步骤94.3办公楼冷负荷汇总594.4散湿量计算61五．空调系统的确定62六．空调风系统……………………………………………………………………………………...626.1新风量的确定626.2风机盘管加新风空调系统的空气处理过程636.3各房间参数汇总656.4风机盘管加新风系统的设计696.4.1风机盘管选型696.4.2新风机组选型706.4.3气流组织的选择71七．水力计算747.1风管系统水力计算…………………………………………………………………...747.2水管水力计算……………………………………………………………………….80八．冷却塔、制冷机组选型85九．小结85十．参考资料8687 一．设计目的和要求空气调节课程设计，是在学习供热工程、空气调节和制冷技术后的一次工程设计的综合性训练。课程设计内容涉及到冷（热）负荷计算、水利计算、管道安装、气流组织、制冷技术。通过运用所学的理论知识，对给定建筑物进行空气调节的设计计算、方案选择、施工图绘制，掌握空调系统的设计方法，以巩固所学理论知识和培养学生解决实际问题能力，达到综合训练的目的。二．设计题目及工程概况2.1设计题目西安市某三层办公建筑工程2.2工程概况本工程为六层商务楼，其中除一楼是大厅和活动室，二楼会议室、办公室，三楼全是办公室。建筑占地545m2,建筑高度10.8米。本次设计内容为各房间的通风、空调系统。三．设计依据3.1气象资料城市西安海拔/m397.5夏季室外相对湿度/%58建筑气候分区夏热冬冷地区夏季室外大气压力/kPa95.98冬季室外计算温度℃-5.7东经108°13′冬季室外大气压力/kPa97.91冬季室外相对湿度/%6687 北纬34°18′夏季室外计算温度℃30.6夏季室外计算干球温度℃35.0夏季室外计算湿球温度℃25.8冬季室外平均风速/（m/s）2.5夏季室外计算日平均温度℃30.7夏季室外平均风速/（m/s）1.93.2空调房间参数1.夏季室内计算干球温度为26℃，室内空气相对湿度为50%，冬季室内设计温度为22℃，相对湿度50%。2.小办公室按每间4人计算，室内照明采用4只50W暗装荧光灯，大办公室8人，8只50w暗装荧光灯，会议室容纳40人，8只50w暗装荧光灯，大厅最多是容纳200人，36只50w暗装荧光灯。3.小办公室办公设备有电脑4台，显示屏4个，打印机1台；大办公室电脑8台，显示屏8个，打印机1台，会议室电脑1台，显示屏1台，投影仪1台。3.3建筑参数1.建筑层高3.6m。2.屋顶属于Ⅱ型，有《空调工程》P622附录6查得，传热系数k=0.48【W/(m2.k)】,由上至下依次为1）预制细石混凝土板25mm，表面喷白色水泥浆2）通风层≥200mm3）卷材防水层4）水泥砂浆找平层20mm5）保温层6）隔汽层7）现浇钢筋混凝土板8）内粉刷3.外墙属于Ⅱ型，查采暖空调制冷手册得，传热系数k=1.50【W/(m2.k)】,由外至内以此为1）外粉刷2）混凝土3)加气混凝土4）混凝土大白浆87 4.外窗高为2100mm,双层窗结构；玻璃采用3mm厚的普通玻璃；窗框为金属，玻璃比例为80%，窗内有中间色活动百叶窗。3.4其他说明1.要求室内压力稍高于室外大气压。2.空调运行时间12小时，,8:00~20：00。3.室内开灯时间为9:00~12：00、13:00~20：004.在办公室内，人员活动属于轻度劳动，成年男子散湿量为184g/h，会议内，人员活动属于静坐，成年男子散湿量为68g/h，大厅内，人员活动属于极轻劳动，成年男子散湿量为109g/h。四．冷、湿负荷计算4.1冷负荷计算4.1.1外墙与屋顶瞬变传热引起的冷负荷在日射和室外的气温综合作用下，外墙瞬变传热引起的逐时冷负荷可按下式计算：（3-4）（3-5）87 式中：---------外墙或屋顶瞬变传热形成的逐时冷负荷，W；----------外墙传热系数；根据外墙和屋顶的不同构造，由附录5和附录6中查取；-------外墙的传热面积（m2）；------外墙和屋顶冷负荷计算温度的逐时值（℃）；-------夏季空气调节室内计算温度（℃）；-------以北京地区的气象条件为依据计算出的外墙和屋顶冷负荷计算温度的逐时值（℃），根据外墙和屋顶的不同类型分别在附录7和附录8中查取；--------不同类型构造外墙和屋顶的地点修正值（℃），根据不同的设计地点在附录9中查取；-------外表面放热系数修正值，在表3-7中查取（-------外表面吸收系数修正值，在表3-8中查取，考虑到城市大气污染和中浅颜色的耐久性差，建议吸收系数一律采用ρ=0.90，=1.06。4.1.2内围护结构冷负荷计算内围护结构冷负荷时，当邻室与空调区的夏季温差大于3℃时，宜按下式进行计算通过空调房间隔墙、楼板、内窗、内门等内维护结构的温差传热而产生的冷负荷：（3-8）（3-9）式中：、、、————同式（3-4）————邻室计算平均温度（℃）————邻室计算平均温度与夏季温度空气调节室外计算平均温度的差值（℃），由表3-9查的。————夏季空气调节是室外计算日平均温度（℃）4.1.3外玻璃窗瞬变传热引起的冷负荷在室内外温差作用下，通过外玻璃窗瞬变传热的冷负荷可按下式计算：（3-10）式中：、————同公式（3―4）；————外玻璃窗传热系数，w/m2•℃；————窗口面积，m2；————外玻璃窗冷负荷度的逐计算温时值，℃，查附录13；87 ————玻璃窗传热系数的修正值，根据窗框类型从中附录12中查得————玻璃窗的地点修正值，可从中附录15中查得。4.1.4透过玻璃窗的日射得热形成冷负荷的计算方法透过玻璃窗进入室内的日射得热分为两部分，一部分是透过玻璃窗直接进入室内的太阳辐射热，另一部分是玻璃窗吸收太阳辐射后传入室内的热量。由于窗户的类型、遮阳设施、太阳入射角及太阳辐射等因素的各种组合太多，最后根据公式：（3-13）式中：————窗口面积，（m2）；————窗玻璃的遮阳系数，有附录17查的。————窗内遮阳设施的遮阳系数，由附录18查的。————有效面积系数，由附录19查得；————窗玻璃冷负荷系数，由附录23查得。Dj.max————夏季各纬度带的日射得热因数最大值(W/m2),由附16查得。必须指出，值按南北区的划分而不同。南北区划分的标准为：建筑地点在北纬27°30’以南的地区为南区，以北的地区为北区该设计地点为南区。4.1.5设备显热冷负荷办公设备散热量，空调区办公室设备的散热量可按下式计算：（3-19）式中：p————设备的种类数；————第i类设备的台数；————第i类设备的单台散热量，见表[1]3-12；设备显热冷负荷。设备和用具显热形成的冷负荷按下式计算CL=Qs*(3-14)式中CL-----设备和用具显热形成的冷负荷(W);Qs-----设备和用具的实际显热散热量(W);----设备和用具显热散热冷负荷系数，可由附录24和附录25中查得。如果空调系统不连续运行，则=1.0。87 4.1.6照明设备冷负荷当电压一定时，室内照明散热量是不随时间变化的稳定散热量，但是照明散热方式仍以对流与辐射两种方式进行散热，因此，照明散热形式的冷负荷计算仍采用相应的冷负荷系数。照明设备冷负荷按下式计算：荧光灯（3-8）式中：——照明散热引起的冷负荷，W；——照明散热的冷负荷系数，可由附录26查得；——照明所需要的功率，KW；——镇流器消耗功率系数，当明装荧光灯的镇流器装在空调房间内时，取=1.2；当暗装荧光灯镇流器装设在顶棚内时，可取=1.0，此处为暗装，选=1.0；——灯罩得隔热系数，当荧光灯罩上部穿有小孔，可利用自然通风散热于顶棚内时可取=0.5~0.6；而荧光灯罩无通风孔者取=0.6~0.8，此处选=0.6.4.1.7人体冷负荷人体负荷分别按下面公式可计算：人体散热引起的冷负荷包括显热冷负荷和潜热冷负荷，即：人体显热散热引起的冷负荷：（3-23）人体潜热散热引起的冷负荷：（3-24）式中：————人体显热散热引起的冷负荷，W；————人体潜热散热引起的冷负荷，W；————不同室温和劳动性质的成年男子显热散热量，见表3-15；————不同室温和劳动性质的成年男子潜热散热量，见表3-15；————群集系数，由表3-14查取；n————室内全部人数；————计算时刻空调区内的总人数；————人体显热散热冷负荷系数，由附录27查取。87 4.2房间的负荷计算4.2.1房间各负荷计算步骤（三层1号房间）1.屋顶冷负荷：由附录8查得北京地区屋顶的冷负荷计算温度逐时值，工程所在地td可由附录9查得，由公式（3-4）和（3-5）算出西安地区屋顶逐时冷负荷，计算结果列于下表中：屋顶冷负荷（单位：W）时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00tw138.137.036.135.635.636.037.1td0.40.40.40.40.40.40.4kα1.061.061.061.061.061.061.06kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.940.94t"w138.3637.2736.3735.8735.8736.2737.37tNx26262626262626k0.480.480.480.480.480.480.48F21.0621.0621.0621.0621.0621.0621.06CL124.96113.88104.8199.7899.78103.81114.89时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　tw138.440.141.943.745.446.7　td0.40.40.40.40.40.4　kα1.061.061.061.061.061.06　kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.94　t"w138.6640.3542.1543.9445.6446.93　tNx262626262626　k0.480.480.480.480.480.48　F21.0621.0621.0621.0621.0621.06　CL127.98145.10163.23181.36198.49211.58　2外墙冷负荷由附录7查得Ⅱ型外墙冷负荷计算温度逐时值，计算公式为（3-4）、（3-5），结合附录9，可计算东外墙冷负荷，见下表：东外墙冷负荷87 时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00tw136.035.535.235.035.035.235.6td0.90.90.90.90.90.90.9kα1.061.061.061.061.061.061.06kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.940.94t"w136.7736.2735.9735.7735.7735.9736.37tNx26262626262626△t10.7710.279.979.779.779.9710.37k1.51.51.51.51.51.51.5F19.4419.4419.4419.4419.4419.4419.44CL313.97299.44290.73284.92284.92290.73302.35时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　tw136.136.637.137.537.938.2　td0.90.90.90.90.90.9　kα1.061.061.061.061.061.06　kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.94　t"w136.8737.3737.8638.2638.6638.96　tNx262626262626　△t10.8711.3711.8612.2612.6612.96　k1.51.51.51.51.51.5　F19.4419.4419.4419.4419.4419.44　CL316.88331.40345.93357.55369.17377.89　北外墙冷负荷计算，见下表：北外墙冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00tw132.332.131.831.631.431.331.2td1.81.81.81.81.81.81.8kα1.061.061.061.061.061.061.06kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.940.94t"w133.9833.7833.4833.2833.0832.9832.88tNx2626262626262687 △t7.987.787.487.287.086.986.88k1.51.51.51.51.51.51.5F9.009.009.009.009.009.009.00CL107.69105.00100.9798.2895.5994.2492.90时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　tw131.231.331.431.631.832.1　td1.81.81.81.81.81.8　kα1.061.061.061.061.061.06　kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.94　t"w132.8832.9833.0833.2833.4833.78　tNx262626262626　△t6.886.987.087.287.487.78　k1.51.51.51.51.51.5　F9.009.009.009.009.009.00　CL92.9094.2495.5998.28100.97105.00　3.北外窗瞬时传热冷负荷根据αi=8.7【W/(m2.k)】，αo=14.14【W/(m2.k)】，由附录11查得Kw=2.865【W/(m2.k)】。再由附录12查得玻璃窗传热系数的修正值，金属框双层窗应乘1.2的修正系数。由附录13查出玻璃窗冷负荷计算温度的逐时值tw1,根据式（3-10）计算，计算结果列入下表：北外窗瞬时传热冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00tw126.827.929.029.930.831.531.9td1.81.81.81.81.81.81.8tw1+td28.629.730.831.732.633.333.7tNx26262626262626△t2.63.74.85.76.67.37.7Cwkw3.4383.4383.4383.4383.4383.4383.438Fw5.045.045.045.045.045.045.04CL45.0564.1183.1798.77114.36126.49133.42时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　87 tw132.232.232.031.630.829.9　td1.81.81.81.81.81.8　tw1+td34.034.033.833.432.631.7　tNx262626262626　△t8.08.07.87.46.65.7　Cwkw3.4383.4383.4383.4383.4383.438　Fw5.045.045.045.045.045.04　CL138.62138.62135.15128.22114.3698.77　4.透过玻璃窗进入日射得热引起冷负荷由附录19中查得双层钢窗有效面积系数Ca=0.75，故窗的有效面积Fw’=5.04m2*0.75=3.78m2。由附录17中查得窗玻璃的遮阳系数Cs=0.86,由附录18中查得窗内遮阳设施的遮阳系数Ci=0.6，于是综合遮挡系数Ccs=Cs*Ci=0.86*0.6=0.516。再由附录16中查得维度34°时（西安市北纬34.12°）北向日射得热因数最大值Dj,max=120.88W/m2.因西安地区在北纬37°30′以南，属于北区，故由附录21查得北区有内遮阳的玻璃窗冷负荷系数逐时值CLQ。用式（3-13）计算逐时进入玻璃窗日射得热引起的冷负荷，列表如下：北窗日射得热引起的冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00CLQ0.700.720.770.820.850.840.81Dj，max120.88120.88120.88120.88120.88120.88120.88tNx26262626262626Ccs0.5160.5160.5160.5160.5160.5160.516Fw5.045.045.045.045.045.045.04CL165.04169.76181.55193.33200.41198.05190.98时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　CLQ0.780.770.750.560.180.17　Dj，max120.88120.88120.88120.88120.88120.88　tNx262626262626　Ccs0.5160.5160.5160.5160.5160.516　Fw5.045.045.045.045.045.04　CL183.90181.55176.83132.0342.4440.08　5.照明散热形成的冷负荷由于选择的是暗装荧光灯，镇流器装设在顶棚内，故镇流器消耗功率系数n1取1.0；灯罩隔热系数n2取0.6。根据室内照明时间为9:00~12:00,13:00~20:00，开灯时间为1087 小时，由附录26查得照明散热冷负荷系数，按式（3-22）计算，其结果列表如下表：照明散热形成的冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00CLQ00.630.90.910.9300.63n11.01.01.01.01.01.01.0n20.60.60.60.60.60.60.6N200200200200200200200CL075.6108109.2111.6075.6时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　CLQ0.90.910.930.930.940.95　n11.01.01.01.01.01.0　n20.60.60.60.60.60.6　N200200200200200200　CL108109.2111.6111.6112.8114　6.人体散热引起的冷负荷办公室属于轻度劳动，查3-15表，当室温为26℃时，成年男子每人散发的显热和潜热量分别为58W和123W，由表3-14查的群集系数=0.93。根据每间办公室人数，在办公室内的总小时数为12h(8:00~20:00)。由附录27查得人体显热散热冷负荷系数逐值。按式（3-23）计算人体显热散热逐时冷负荷，按式（3-24）计算人体潜热引起的冷负荷，然后将其结果列如下表：人体散热形成的冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00CLQ0.550.640.700.750.790.810.84qs58585858585858n4444444φ0.930.930.930.930.930.930.93CLs118.67138.09151.03161.82170.45174.77181.24q1123123123123123123123CL1457.56457.56457.56457.56457.56457.56457.56合计576.23595.65608.59619.38628.01632.33638.80时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　CLQ0.860.880.890.910.920.45　qs585858585858　87 n444444　φ0.930.930.930.930.930.93　CLs185.55189.87192.03196.34198.5097.09　q1123123123123123123　CL1457.56457.56457.56457.56457.56457.56　合计643.11647.43649.59653.90656.06554.65　7.办公设备散热量依据办公室内的设备，根据式（3-14）、（3-19）计算办公设备散热量如下表：办公设备散热形成的冷负荷办公设备设备数量/W设备散热量/W总散热量/W计算机455820显示器470打印机13208.内墙冷负荷当临室与空调区的夏季温差大于3℃时，按式（3-8）计算通过空调房间走廊内墙结构的温差传热而产生的冷负荷，计算结果如下表：走廊内墙冷负荷twp30.7△t1s2t1s32.7tNx26k1.5F14.04CL141.19.各分项逐时冷负荷汇总结果见下表：各分项逐时冷负荷汇总表（单位：W）时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00屋顶负荷124.96113.88104.8199.7899.78103.81114.89东外墙负荷313.9704299.4429290.7264284.9154284.9154290.7264302.3484北外墙负荷107.69105.00100.9798.2895.5994.2492.90内墙负荷141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.187 窗传热负荷45.0564.1183.1798.77114.36126.49133.42窗日射负荷165.04169.76181.55193.33200.41198.05190.98人员负荷576.23595.65608.59619.38628.01632.33638.80灯光负荷075.6108109.2111.6075.6办公设备负荷820820820820820820820总计2294.042384.542438.922464.752495.762406.742510.03时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00屋顶负荷127.98145.10163.23181.36198.49211.58东外墙负荷316.8759331.4034345.9309357.5529369.1749377.8914北外墙负荷92.9094.2495.5998.28100.97105.00内墙负荷141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1窗传热负荷138.62138.62135.15128.22114.3698.77窗日射负荷183.90181.55176.83132.0342.4440.08人员负荷643.11647.43649.59653.90656.06554.65灯光负荷108109.2111.6111.6112.8114办公设备负荷820820820820820820总计2572.492608.642639.022624.052555.392463.08由上表可知，此办公室最大冷负荷出现在15：00时，其值为2639.02W。（三层3号办公室）（三层4号办公室）（三层5号办公室）（三层7号办公室）（三层8号办公室）（三层9号办公室）由于这六个办公室室内外参数，室内人员设备等都一样，所以计算结果应该相同，这六个房间计算过程如下：1.屋顶冷负荷：由附录8查得北京地区屋顶的冷负荷计算温度逐时值，工程所在地td可由附录9查得，由公式（3-4）和（3-5）算出西安地区屋顶逐时冷负荷，计算结果列于下表中：屋顶冷负荷（单位：W）时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00tw138.137.036.135.635.636.037.1td0.40.40.40.40.40.40.4kα1.061.061.061.061.061.061.06kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.940.94t"w138.3637.2736.3735.8735.8736.2737.37tNx2626262626262687 k0.480.480.480.480.480.480.48F21.0621.0621.0621.0621.0621.0621.06CL124.96113.88104.8199.7899.78103.81114.89时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　tw138.440.141.943.745.446.7　td0.40.40.40.40.40.4　kα1.061.061.061.061.061.06　kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.94　t"w138.6640.3542.1543.9445.6446.93　tNx262626262626　k0.480.480.480.480.480.48　F21.0621.0621.0621.0621.0621.06　CL127.98145.10163.23181.36198.49211.58　2.南外墙冷负荷由附录7查得Ⅱ型外墙冷负荷计算温度逐时值，计算公式为（3-4）、（3-5），结合附录9，可计算南外墙冷负荷，见下表：南外墙冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00tw134.634.233.933.533.232.832.8td0.50.50.50.50.50.50.5kα1.061.061.061.061.061.061.06kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.940.94t"w134.9734.5834.2833.8833.5833.1833.18tNx26262626262626△t8.978.588.287.887.587.187.18k1.51.51.51.51.51.51.5F9.009.009.009.009.009.009.00CL121.14115.76111.73106.35102.3196.9396.93时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　tw132.933.133.433.934.434.9　td0.50.50.50.50.50.5　kα1.061.061.061.061.061.06　kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.94　t"w133.2833.4833.7834.2834.7735.27　87 tNx262626262626　△t7.287.487.788.288.779.27　k1.51.51.51.51.51.5　F9.009.009.009.009.009.00　CL98.28100.97105.00111.73118.45125.18　3.南外窗瞬时传热冷负荷根据αi=8.7【W/(m2.k)】，αo=14.14【W/(m2.k)】，由附录11查得Kw=2.865【W/(m2.k)】。再由附录12查得玻璃窗传热系数的修正值，金属框双层窗应乘1.2的修正系数。由附录13查出玻璃窗冷负荷计算温度的逐时值tw1,根据式（3-10）计算，计算结果列入下表：南外窗瞬时传热冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00tw126.927.929.029.930.831.531.9td2222222tw1+td28.929.931.031.932.833.533.9tNx26262626262626△t2.93.95.05.96.87.57.9Cwkw3.4383.4383.4383.4383.4383.4383.438Fw5.045.045.045.045.045.045.04CL50.2567.5886.64102.23117.83129.96136.89时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　tw132.232.232.031.630.829.9　td222222　tw1+td34.234.234.033.632.831.9　tNx262626262626　△t8.28.28.07.66.85.9　Cwkw3.4383.4383.4383.4383.4383.438　Fw5.045.045.045.045.045.04　CL142.09142.09138.62131.69117.83102.23　4.透过玻璃窗进入日射得热引起冷负荷由附录19中查得双层钢窗有效面积系数Ca=0.75，故窗的有效面积Fw’=5.04m2*0.75=3.78m2。由附录17中查得窗玻璃的遮阳系数Cs=0.86,由附录18中查得窗内遮阳设施的遮阳系数Ci=0.6，于是综合遮挡系数Ccs=Cs*Ci=0.86*0.6=0.516。再由附录16中查得维度34°时（西安市北纬34°18′）南向日射得热因数最大值Dj,max=235.6W/m2.因西安地区在北纬34°18′以北，属于北区，故由附录21查得北区有内遮阳的玻璃窗冷负荷系数逐时值CLQ。用式（3-13）计算逐时进入玻璃窗日射得热引起的冷负荷，列表如下：87 南窗日射得热引起的冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00CLQ0.470.600.690.770.870.840.74Dj，max235.6235.6235.6235.6235.6235.6235.6tNx26262626262626Ccs0.5160.5160.5160.5160.5160.5160.516Fw5.045.045.045.045.045.045.04CL215.98275.72317.08353.84399.79386.01340.05时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　CLQ0.660.540.380.200.130.12　Dj，max235.6235.6235.6235.6235.6235.6　tNx262626262626　Ccs0.5160.5160.5160.5160.5160.516　Fw5.045.045.045.045.045.04　CL303.29248.15174.6291.9159.7455.14　5.照明散热形成的冷负荷由于选择的是暗装荧光灯，镇流器装设在顶棚内，故镇流器消耗功率系数n1取1.0；灯罩隔热系数n2取0.6。根据室内照明时间为9:00~12:00,13:00~20:00，开灯时间为10小时，由附录26查得照明散热冷负荷系数，按式（3-22）计算，其结果列表如下表：照明散热形成的冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00CLQ00.630.90.910.9300.63n11.01.01.01.01.01.01.0n20.60.60.60.60.60.60.6N200200200200200200200CL075.6108109.2111.6075.6时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　CLQ0.90.910.930.930.940.95　n11.01.01.01.01.01.0　n20.60.60.60.60.60.6　N200200200200200200　CL108109.2111.6111.6112.8114　6.人体散热引起的冷负荷87 办公室属于轻度劳动，查3-15表，当室温为26℃时，成年男子每人散发的显热和潜热量分别为58W和123W，由表3-14查的群集系数=0.93。根据每间办公室人数，在办公室内的总小时数为12h(8:00~20:00)。由附录27查得人体显热散热冷负荷系数逐值。按式（3-23）计算人体显热散热逐时冷负荷，按式（3-24）计算人体潜热引起的冷负荷，然后将其结果列如下表：人体散热形成的冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00CLQ0.550.640.700.750.790.810.84qs58585858585858n4444444φ0.930.930.930.930.930.930.93CLs118.67138.09151.03161.82170.45174.77181.24q1123123123123123123123CL1457.56457.56457.56457.56457.56457.56457.56合计576.23595.65608.59619.38628.01632.33638.80时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　CLQ0.860.880.890.910.920.45　qs585858585858　n444444　φ0.930.930.930.930.930.93　CLs185.55189.87192.03196.34198.5097.09　q1123123123123123123　CL1457.56457.56457.56457.56457.56457.56　合计643.11647.43649.59653.90656.06554.65　7.办公设备散热量依据办公室内的设备，根据式（3-14）、（3-19）计算办公设备散热量如下表：办公设备散热形成的冷负荷办公设备设备数量/W设备散热量/W总散热量/W计算机455820显示器470打印机13208.内墙冷负荷当临室与空调区的夏季温差大于3℃时，按式（3-887 ）计算通过空调房间隔墙楼板、内窗、内门等内围护结构的温差传热而产生的冷负荷，计算结果如下表：走廊内墙冷负荷twp30.7△t1s2t1s32.7tNx26k1.5F14.04CL141.19.各分项逐时冷负荷汇总结果见下表：各分项逐时冷负荷汇总表（单位：W）时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00屋顶负荷124.96113.88104.8199.7899.78103.81114.89南外墙负荷121.14115.76111.73106.35102.3196.9396.93走廊内墙负荷141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1窗传热负荷50.2567.5886.64102.23117.83129.96136.89窗日射负荷215.98275.72317.08353.84399.79386.01340.05人员负荷576.23595.65608.59619.38628.01632.33638.80灯光负荷075.6108109.2111.6075.6办公设备负荷820820820820820820820总计2049.662205.292297.952351.882420.422310.132364.26时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　屋顶负荷127.98145.10163.23181.36198.49211.58　南外墙负荷98.28100.97105.00111.73118.45125.18　走廊内墙负荷141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1　窗传热负荷142.09142.09138.62131.69117.83102.23　窗日射负荷303.29248.15174.6291.9159.7455.14　人员负荷643.11647.43649.59653.90656.06554.65　灯光负荷108109.2111.6111.6112.8114　办公设备负荷820820820820820820　总计2383.852354.032303.772243.292224.472123.89　87 由上表可知，此办公室最大冷负荷出现在12：00时，其值为2420.42W。（三层11号，15号办公室）这两个房间内外参数一样，计算结果如下：1.屋顶冷负荷：由附录8查得北京地区屋顶的冷负荷计算温度逐时值，工程所在地td可由附录9查得，由公式（3-4）和（3-5）算出西安地区屋顶逐时冷负荷，计算结果列于下表中：屋顶冷负荷（单位：W）时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00tw138.137.036.135.635.636.037.1td0.40.40.40.40.40.40.4kα1.061.061.061.061.061.061.06kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.940.94t"w138.3637.2736.3735.8735.8736.2737.37tNx26262626262626k0.480.480.480.480.480.480.48F21.0621.0621.0621.0621.0621.0621.06CL124.96113.88104.8199.7899.78103.81114.89时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　tw138.440.141.943.745.446.7　td0.40.40.40.40.40.4　kα1.061.061.061.061.061.06　kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.94　t"w138.6640.3542.1543.9445.6446.93　tNx262626262626　k0.480.480.480.480.480.48　F21.0621.0621.0621.0621.0621.06　CL127.98145.10163.23181.36198.49211.58　2.北外墙冷负荷由附录7查得Ⅱ型外墙冷负荷计算温度逐时值，计算公式为（3-4）、（3-5），结合附录9，可计算北外墙冷负荷，见下表：北外墙冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00tw132.332.131.831.631.431.331.287 td1.81.81.81.81.81.81.8kα1.061.061.061.061.061.061.06kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.940.94t"w133.9833.7833.4833.2833.0832.9832.88tNx26262626262626△t7.987.787.487.287.086.986.88k1.51.51.51.51.51.51.5F9.009.009.009.009.009.009.00CL107.69105.00100.9798.2895.5994.2492.90时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　tw131.231.331.431.631.832.1　td1.81.81.81.81.81.8　kα1.061.061.061.061.061.06　kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.94　t"w132.8832.9833.0833.2833.4833.78　tNx262626262626　△t6.886.987.087.287.487.78　k1.51.51.51.51.51.5　F9.009.009.009.009.009.00　CL92.9094.2495.5998.28100.97105.00　3.北外窗瞬时传热冷负荷根据αi=8.7【W/(m2.k)】，αo=14.14【W/(m2.k)】，由附录11查得Kw=2.865【W/(m2.k)】。再由附录12查得玻璃窗传热系数的修正值，金属框双层窗应乘1.2的修正系数。由附录13查出玻璃窗冷负荷计算温度的逐时值tw1,根据式（3-10）计算，计算结果列入下表：北外窗瞬时传热冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00tw126.827.929.029.930.831.531.9td2222222tw1+td28.829.931.031.932.833.533.9tNx26262626262626△t2.83.95.05.96.87.57.9Cwkw3.4383.4383.4383.4383.4383.4383.438Fw5.045.045.045.045.045.045.04CL48.5267.5886.64102.23117.83129.96136.8987 时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　tw132.232.232.031.630.829.9　td222222　tw1+td34.234.234.033.632.831.9　tNx262626262626　△t8.28.28.07.66.85.9　Cwkw3.4383.4383.4383.4383.4383.438　Fw5.045.045.045.045.045.04　CL142.09142.09138.62131.69117.83102.23　4.透过玻璃窗进入日射得热引起冷负荷由附录19中查得双层钢窗有效面积系数Ca=0.75，故窗的有效面积Fw’=5。04m2*0.75=3.78m2。由附录17中查得窗玻璃的遮阳系数Cs=0.86,由附录18中查得窗内遮阳设施的遮阳系数Ci=0.6，于是综合遮挡系数Ccs=Cs*Ci=0.86*0.6=0.516。再由附录16中查得维度34°时（西安市北纬30°37′）北向日射得热因数最大值Dj,max=120.88W/m2.因西安地区在北纬30°37′以北，属于北区，故由附录21查得北区有内遮阳的玻璃窗冷负荷系数逐时值CLQ。用式（3-13）计算逐时进入玻璃窗日射得热引起的冷负荷，列表如下：北窗日射得热引起的冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00CLQ0.700.720.770.820.850.840.81Dj，max120.88120.88120.88120.88120.88120.88120.88tNx26262626262626Ccs0.5160.5160.5160.5160.5160.5160.516Fw5.045.045.045.045.045.045.04CL165.04169.76181.55193.33200.41198.05190.98时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　CLQ0.780.770.750.560.180.17　Dj，max120.88120.88120.88120.88120.88120.88　tNx262626262626　Ccs0.5160.5160.5160.5160.5160.516　Fw5.045.045.045.045.045.04　CL183.90181.55176.83132.0342.4440.08　5.照明散热形成的冷负荷由于选择的是暗装荧光灯，镇流器装设在顶棚内，故镇流器消耗功率系数n1取1.0；灯罩隔热系数n2取0.6。根据室内照明时间为9:00~12:00,13:00~20:00，开灯时间为10小时，由附录26查得照明散热冷负荷系数，按式（3-22）计算，其结果列表如下表：87 照明散热形成的冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00CLQ00.630.90.910.9300.63n11.01.01.01.01.01.01.0n20.60.60.60.60.60.60.6N200200200200200200200CL075.6108109.2111.6075.6时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　CLQ0.90.910.930.930.940.95　n11.01.01.01.01.01.0　n20.60.60.60.60.60.6　N200200200200200200　CL108109.2111.6111.6112.8114　6.人体散热引起的冷负荷办公室属于轻度劳动，查3-15表，当室温为26℃时，成年男子每人散发的显热和潜热量分别为58W和123W，由表3-14查的群集系数=0.93。根据每间办公室人数，在办公室内的总小时数为12h(8:00~20:00)。由附录27查得人体显热散热冷负荷系数逐值。按式（3-23）计算人体显热散热逐时冷负荷，按式（3-24）计算人体潜热引起的冷负荷，然后将其结果列如下表：人体散热形成的冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00CLQ0.550.640.700.750.790.810.84qs58585858585858n4444444φ0.930.930.930.930.930.930.93CLs118.67138.09151.03161.82170.45174.77181.24q1123123123123123123123CL1457.56457.56457.56457.56457.56457.56457.56合计576.23595.65608.59619.38628.01632.33638.80时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　CLQ0.860.880.890.910.920.45　qs585858585858　n444444　87 φ0.930.930.930.930.930.93　CLs185.55189.87192.03196.34198.5097.09　q1123123123123123123　CL1457.56457.56457.56457.56457.56457.56　合计643.11647.43649.59653.90656.06554.65　7.办公设备散热量依据办公室内的设备，根据式（3-14）、（3-19）计算办公设备散热量如下表：办公设备散热形成的冷负荷办公设备设备数量/W设备散热量/W总散热量/W计算机455820显示器470打印机13208.内墙冷负荷当临室与空调区的夏季温差大于3℃时，按式（3-8）计算通过空调房间隔墙楼板、内窗、内门等内围护结构的温差传热而产生的冷负荷，计算结果如下表：内墙冷负荷twp30.7△t1s2t1s32.7tNx26k1.5F33.48CL336.479.各分项逐时冷负荷汇总结果见下表：各分项逐时冷负荷汇总（单位：W）时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00屋顶负荷124.96113.88104.8199.7899.78103.81114.89相邻内墙负荷195.37195.37195.37195.37195.37195.37195.37北外墙负荷107.69105.00100.9798.2895.5994.2492.90走廊内墙负荷141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1窗传热负荷48.5267.5886.64102.23117.83129.96136.89窗日射负荷165.04169.76181.55193.33200.41198.05190.9887 人员负荷576.23595.65608.59619.38628.01632.33638.80灯光负荷075.6108109.2111.6075.6办公设备负荷820820820820820820820总计2178.912283.932347.032378.672409.682314.852406.52时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　屋顶负荷127.98145.10163.23181.36198.49211.58　相邻内墙负荷195.37195.37195.37195.37195.37195.37　北外墙负荷92.9094.2495.5998.28100.97105.00　走廊内墙负荷141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1　窗传热负荷142.09142.09138.62131.69117.83102.23　窗日射负荷183.90181.55176.83132.0342.4440.08　人员负荷643.11647.43649.59653.90656.06554.65　灯光负荷108109.2111.6111.6112.8114　办公设备负荷820820820820820820　总计2454.452476.082491.932465.342385.052284.02　由上表可知，此办公室最大冷负荷出现在15：00时，其值为2491.93W。（三层2号办公室）1.屋顶冷负荷：由附录8查得北京地区屋顶的冷负荷计算温度逐时值，工程所在地td可由附录9查得，由公式（3-4）和（3-5）算出西安地区屋顶逐时冷负荷，计算结果列于下表中：屋顶冷负荷（单位：W）时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00tw138.137.036.135.635.636.037.1td0.40.40.40.40.40.40.4kα1.061.061.061.061.061.061.06kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.940.94t"w138.3637.2736.3735.8735.8736.2737.37tNx26262626262626k0.480.480.480.480.480.480.48F21.0621.0621.0621.0621.0621.0621.06CL124.96113.88104.8199.7899.78103.81114.89时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　tw138.440.141.943.745.446.7　87 td0.40.40.40.40.40.4　kα1.061.061.061.061.061.06　kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.94　t"w138.6640.3542.1543.9445.6446.93　tNx262626262626　k0.480.480.480.480.480.48　F21.0621.0621.0621.0621.0621.06　CL127.98145.10163.23181.36198.49211.58　2.东外墙冷负荷由附录7查得Ⅱ型外墙冷负荷计算温度逐时值，计算公式为（3-4）、（3-5），结合附录9，可计算北外墙冷负荷，见下表：东外墙冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00tw136.035.535.235.035.035.235.6td0.90.90.90.90.90.90.9kα1.061.061.061.061.061.061.06kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.940.94t"w136.7736.2735.9735.7735.7735.9736.37tNx26262626262626△t10.7710.279.979.779.779.9710.37k1.51.51.51.51.51.51.5F19.4419.4419.4419.4419.4419.4419.44CL313.97299.44290.73284.92284.92290.73302.35时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　tw136.136.637.137.537.938.2　td0.90.90.90.90.90.9　kα1.061.061.061.061.061.06　kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.94　t"w136.8737.3737.8638.2638.6638.96　tNx262626262626　△t10.8711.3711.8612.2612.6612.96　k1.51.51.51.51.51.5　F19.4419.4419.4419.4419.4419.44　CL316.88331.40345.93357.55369.17377.89　87 3.南外墙冷负荷由附录7查得Ⅱ型外墙冷负荷计算温度逐时值，计算公式为（3-4）、（3-5），结合附录9，可计算北外墙冷负荷，见下表：南外墙冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00tw134.634.233.933.533.232.932.8td1.81.81.81.81.81.81.8kα1.061.061.061.061.061.061.06kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.940.94t"w136.2735.8735.5735.1734.8734.5834.48tNx26262626262626△t10.279.879.579.178.878.588.48k1.51.51.51.51.51.51.5F9.009.009.009.009.009.009.00CL138.63133.25129.21123.83119.80115.76114.42时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　tw132.933.133.433.934.434.9　td1.81.81.81.81.81.8　kα1.061.061.061.061.061.06　kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.94　t"w134.5834.7735.0735.5736.0736.57　tNx262626262626　△t8.588.779.079.5710.0710.57　k1.51.51.51.51.51.5　F9.009.009.009.009.009.00　CL115.76118.45122.49129.21135.94142.67　4.南外窗瞬时传热冷负荷根据αi=8.7【W/(m2.k)】，αo=14.14【W/(m2.k)】，由附录11查得Kw=2.865【W/(m2.k)】。再由附录12查得玻璃窗传热系数的修正值，金属框双层窗应乘1.2的修正系数。由附录13查出玻璃窗冷负荷计算温度的逐时值tw1,根据式（3-10）计算，计算结果列入下表：南外窗瞬时传热冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00tw126.827.929.029.930.831.531.9td222222287 tw1+td28.829.931.031.932.833.533.9tNx26262626262626△t2.83.95.05.96.87.57.9Cwkw3.4383.4383.4383.4383.4383.4383.438Fw5.045.045.045.045.045.045.04CL48.5267.5886.64102.23117.83129.96136.89时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　tw132.232.232.031.630.829.9　td222222　tw1+td34.234.234.033.632.831.9　tNx262626262626　△t8.28.28.07.66.85.9　Cwkw3.4383.4383.4383.4383.4383.438　Fw5.045.045.045.045.045.04　CL142.09142.09138.62131.69117.83102.23　5.透过玻璃窗进入日射得热引起冷负荷由附录19中查得双层钢窗有效面积系数Ca=0.75，故窗的有效面积Fw’=5.04m2*0.75=3.76m2。由附录17中查得窗玻璃的遮阳系数Cs=0.86,由附录18中查得窗内遮阳设施的遮阳系数Ci=0.6，于是综合遮挡系数Ccs=Cs*Ci=0.86*0.6=0.516。再由附录16中查得维度34°时（西安市北纬34°18′）南向日射得热因数最大值Dj,max=235.6W/m2.因西安地区在北纬34°18′，属于北区，故由附录21查得北区有内遮阳的玻璃窗冷负荷系数逐时值CLQ。用式（3-13）计算逐时进入玻璃窗日射得热引起的冷负荷，列表如下：南窗日射得热引起的冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00CLQ0.470.600.690.770.870.840.74Dj，max235.6235.6235.6235.6235.6235.6235.6tNx26262626262626Ccs0.5160.5160.5160.5160.5160.5160.516Fw5.045.045.045.045.045.045.04CL215.98275.72317.08353.84399.79386.01340.05时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　CLQ0.660.540.380.200.130.12　Dj，max235.6235.6235.6235.6235.6235.6　tNx262626262626　Ccs0.5160.5160.5160.5160.5160.516　87 Fw5.045.045.045.045.045.04　CL303.29248.15174.6291.9159.7455.14　6.照明散热形成的冷负荷由于选择的是暗装荧光灯，镇流器装设在顶棚内，故镇流器消耗功率系数n1取1.0；灯罩隔热系数n2取0.6。根据室内照明时间为9:00~12:00,13:00~20:00，开灯时间为10小时，由附录26查得照明散热冷负荷系数，按式（3-22）计算，其结果列表如下表：照明散热形成的冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00CLQ00.630.90.910.9300.63n11.01.01.01.01.01.01.0n20.60.60.60.60.60.60.6N200200200200200200200CL075.6108109.2111.6075.6时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　CLQ0.90.910.930.930.940.95　n11.01.01.01.01.01.0　n20.60.60.60.60.60.6　N200200200200200200　CL108109.2111.6111.6112.8114　7.人体散热引起的冷负荷办公室属于轻度劳动，查3-15表，当室温为26℃时，成年男子每人散发的显热和潜热量分别为58W和123W，由表3-14查的群集系数=0.93。根据每间办公室人数，在办公室内的总小时数为12h(8:00~20:00)。由附录27查得人体显热散热冷负荷系数逐值。按式（3-23）计算人体显热散热逐时冷负荷，按式（3-24）计算人体潜热引起的冷负荷，然后将其结果列如下表：人体散热形成的冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00CLQ0.550.640.700.750.790.810.84qs58585858585858n4444444φ0.930.930.930.930.930.930.93CLs118.67138.09151.03161.82170.45174.77181.24q112312312312312312312387 CL1457.56457.56457.56457.56457.56457.56457.56合计576.23595.65608.59619.38628.01632.33638.80时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　CLQ0.860.880.890.910.920.45　qs585858585858　n444444　φ0.930.930.930.930.930.93　CLs185.55189.87192.03196.34198.5097.09　q1123123123123123123　CL1457.56457.56457.56457.56457.56457.56　合计643.11647.43649.59653.90656.06554.65　8.办公设备散热量依据办公室内的设备，根据式（3-14）、（3-19）计算办公设备散热量如下表：办公设备散热形成的冷负荷办公设备设备数量/W设备散热量/W总散热量/W计算机455820显示器470打印机13209.内墙冷负荷当临室与空调区的夏季温差大于3℃时，按式（3-8）计算通过空调房间隔墙楼板、内墙等内围护结构的温差传热而产生的冷负荷，计算结果如下表：走廊内墙冷负荷twp30.7△t1s2t1s32.7tNx26k1.5F14.04CL141.110.各分项逐时冷负荷汇总结果见下表：各分项逐时冷负荷汇总表（单位：W）时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:0087 屋顶负荷124.96113.88104.8199.7899.78103.81114.89东外墙负荷313.9704299.4429290.7264284.9154284.9154290.7264302.3484南外墙负荷138.63133.25129.21123.83119.80115.76114.42走廊内墙负荷141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1窗传热负荷48.5267.5886.64102.23117.83129.96136.89窗日射负荷215.98275.72317.08353.84399.79386.01340.05人员负荷576.23595.65608.59619.38628.01632.33638.80灯光负荷075.6108109.2111.6075.6办公设备负荷820820820820820820820总计2379.392522.222606.162654.282722.822619.692684.09时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　屋顶负荷127.98145.10163.23181.36198.49211.58　东外墙负荷316.8759331.4034345.9309357.5529369.1749377.8914　南外墙负荷115.76118.45122.49129.21135.94142.67　走廊内墙负荷141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1　窗传热负荷142.09142.09138.62131.69117.83102.23　窗日射负荷303.29248.15174.6291.9159.7455.14　人员负荷643.11647.43649.59653.90656.06554.65　灯光负荷108109.2111.6111.6112.8114　办公设备负荷820820820820820820　总计2718.212702.922667.182618.332611.132519.27　由上表可知，此办公室最大冷负荷出现在12：00时，其值为2722.82W。(三层6号办公室)1.屋顶冷负荷：由附录8查得北京地区屋顶的冷负荷计算温度逐时值，工程所在地td可由附录9查得，由公式（3-4）和（3-5）算出西安地区屋顶逐时冷负荷，计算结果列于下表中：屋顶冷负荷（单位：W）时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00tw138.137.036.135.635.636.037.1td0.40.40.40.40.40.40.4kα1.061.061.061.061.061.061.06kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.940.94t"w138.3637.2736.3735.8735.8736.2737.3787 tNx26262626262626k0.480.480.480.480.480.480.48F42.1242.1242.1242.1242.1242.1242.12CL249.92227.76209.63199.56199.56207.61229.77时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　tw138.440.141.943.745.446.7　td0.40.40.40.40.40.4　kα1.061.061.061.061.061.06　kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.94　t"w138.6640.3542.1543.9445.6446.93　tNx262626262626　k0.480.480.480.480.480.48　F42.1242.1242.1242.1242.1242.12　CL255.96290.21326.47362.73396.98423.16　2.南外墙冷负荷由附录7查得Ⅱ型外墙冷负荷计算温度逐时值，计算公式为（3-4）、（3-5），结合附录9，可计算南外墙冷负荷，见下表：南外墙冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00tw134.634.233.933.533.232.832.8td0.50.50.50.50.50.50.5kα1.061.061.061.061.061.061.06kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.940.94t"w134.9734.5834.2833.8833.5833.1833.18tNx26262626262626△t8.978.588.287.887.587.187.18k1.51.51.51.51.51.51.5F18.018.018.018.018.018.018.0CL242.29231.53223.46212.70204.62193.86193.86时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　tw132.933.133.433.934.434.9　td0.50.50.50.50.50.5　kα1.061.061.061.061.061.06　kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.94　87 t"w133.2833.4833.7834.2834.7735.27　tNx262626262626　△t7.287.487.788.288.779.27　k1.51.51.51.51.51.5　F18.018.018.018.018.018.0　CL196.55201.93210.00223.46236.91250.36　3.南外窗瞬时传热冷负荷根据αi=8.7【W/(m2.k)】，αo=14.14【W/(m2.k)】，由附录11查得Kw=2.865【W/(m2.k)】。再由附录12查得玻璃窗传热系数的修正值，金属框双层窗应乘1.2的修正系数。由附录13查出玻璃窗冷负荷计算温度的逐时值tw1,根据式（3-10）计算，计算结果列入下表：南外窗瞬时传热冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00tw126.927.929.029.930.831.531.9td2222222tw1+td28.929.931.031.932.833.533.9tNx26262626262626△t2.93.95.05.96.87.57.9Cwkw3.4383.4383.4383.4383.4383.4383.438Fw10.0810.0810.0810.0810.0810.0810.08CL100.50135.15173.28204.46235.65259.91273.77时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　tw132.232.232.031.630.829.9　td222222　tw1+td34.234.234.033.632.831.9　tNx262626262626　△t8.28.28.07.66.85.9　Cwkw3.4383.4383.4383.4383.4383.438　Fw10.0810.0810.0810.0810.0810.08　CL284.17284.17277.24263.38235.65204.46　4.透过玻璃窗进入日射得热引起冷负荷由附录19中查得双层钢窗有效面积系数Ca=0.75，故窗的有效面积Fw’=10.08m2*0.75=7.56m2。由附录17中查得窗玻璃的遮阳系数Cs=0.86,由附录18中查得窗内遮阳设施的遮阳系数Ci=0.6，于是综合遮挡系数Ccs=Cs*Ci=0.86*0.6=0.516。再由附录16中查得维度34°时（西安市北纬34°18′）南向日射得热因数最大值Dj,max=235.6W/m2.87 因西安地区在北纬34°18′以北，属于北区，故由附录21查得北区有内遮阳的玻璃窗冷负荷系数逐时值CLQ。用式（3-13）计算逐时进入玻璃窗日射得热引起的冷负荷，列表如下：南窗日射得热引起的冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00CLQ0.470.600.690.770.870.840.74Dj，max235.6235.6235.6235.6235.6235.6235.6tNx26262626262626Ccs0.5160.5160.5160.5160.5160.5160.516Fw10.0810.0810.0810.0810.0810.0810.08CL431.96551.44634.16707.68799.59772.02680.11时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　CLQ0.660.540.380.200.130.12　Dj，max235.6235.6235.6235.6235.6235.6　tNx262626262626　Ccs0.5160.5160.5160.5160.5160.516　Fw10.0810.0810.0810.0810.0810.08　CL606.58496.30349.25183.81119.48110.29　5.照明散热形成的冷负荷由于选择的是暗装荧光灯，镇流器装设在顶棚内，故镇流器消耗功率系数n1取1.0；灯罩隔热系数n2取0.6。根据室内照明时间为9:00~12:00,13:00~20:00，开灯时间为10小时，由附录26查得照明散热冷负荷系数，按式（3-22）计算，其结果列表如下表：照明散热形成的冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00CLQ00.630.90.910.9300.63n11.01.01.01.01.01.01.0n20.60.60.60.60.60.60.6N400400400400400400400CL0151.2216218.4223.20151.2时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　CLQ0.90.910.930.930.940.95　n11.01.01.01.01.01.0　n20.60.60.60.60.60.6　N400400400400400400　CL216218.4223.2223.2225.6228　87 6.人体散热引起的冷负荷办公室属于轻度劳动，查3-15表，当室温为26℃时，成年男子每人散发的显热和潜热量分别为58W和123W，由表3-14查的群集系数=0.93。根据每间办公室人数，在办公室内的总小时数为12h(8:00~20:00)。由附录27查得人体显热散热冷负荷系数逐值。按式（3-23）计算人体显热散热逐时冷负荷，按式（3-24）计算人体潜热引起的冷负荷，然后将其结果列如下表：人体散热形成的冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00CLQ0.550.640.700.750.790.810.84qs58585858585858n8888888φ0.930.930.930.930.930.930.93CLs237.34276.17302.06323.64340.90349.53362.48q1123123123123123123123CL1915.12915.12915.12915.12915.12915.12915.12合计1152.461191.291217.181238.761256.021264.651277.60时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　CLQ0.860.880.890.910.920.45　qs585858585858　n888888　φ0.930.930.930.930.930.93　CLs371.11379.74384.05392.68397.00194.18　q1123123123123123123　CL1915.12915.12915.12915.12915.12915.12　合计1286.231294.861299.171307.801312.121109.30　7.办公设备散热量依据办公室内的设备，根据式（3-14）、（3-19）计算办公设备散热量如下表：办公设备散热形成的冷负荷办公设备设备数量/W设备散热量/W总散热量/W计算机8551640显示器870打印机23208.内墙冷负荷87 当临室与空调区的夏季温差大于3℃时，按式（3-8）计算通过空调房间隔墙楼板、内窗、内门等内围护结构的温差传热而产生的冷负荷，计算结果如下表：走廊内墙冷负荷twp30.7△t1s2t1s32.7tNx26k1.5F28.08CL282.29.各分项逐时冷负荷汇总结果见下表：各分项逐时冷负荷汇总表（单位：W）时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00屋顶负荷249.92227.76209.63199.56199.56207.61229.77南外墙负荷242.29231.53223.46212.70204.62193.86193.86走廊内墙负荷282.2282.2282.2282.2282.2282.2282.2窗传热负荷100.50135.15173.28204.46235.65259.91273.77窗日射负荷431.96551.44634.16707.68799.59772.02680.11人员负荷1152.461191.291217.181238.761256.021264.651277.60灯光负荷0151.2216218.4223.20151.2办公设备负荷1640164016401640164016401640总计4099.324410.574595.904703.764840.844620.264728.52时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　屋顶负荷255.96290.21326.47362.73396.98423.16　南外墙负荷196.55201.93210.00223.46236.91250.36　走廊内墙负荷282.2282.2282.2282.2282.2282.2　窗传热负荷284.17284.17277.24263.38235.65204.46　窗日射负荷606.58496.30349.25183.81119.48110.29　人员负荷1286.231294.861299.171307.801312.121109.30　灯光负荷216218.4223.2223.2225.6228　办公设备负荷164016401640164016401640　总计4767.704708.074607.534486.584448.934247.78　87 由上表可知，此办公室最大冷负荷出现在12：00时，其值为4840.84W。（三层10号办公室）1.屋顶冷负荷：由附录8查得北京地区屋顶的冷负荷计算温度逐时值，工程所在地td可由附录9查得，由公式（3-4）和（3-5）算出西安地区屋顶逐时冷负荷，计算结果列于下表中：屋顶冷负荷（单位：W）时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00tw138.137.036.135.635.636.037.1td0.40.40.40.40.40.40.4kα1.061.061.061.061.061.061.06kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.940.94t"w138.3637.2736.3735.8735.8736.2737.37tNx26262626262626k0.480.480.480.480.480.480.48F21.0621.0621.0621.0621.0621.0621.06CL124.96113.88104.8199.7899.78103.81114.89时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　tw138.440.141.943.745.446.7　td0.40.40.40.40.40.4　kα1.061.061.061.061.061.06　kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.94　t"w138.6640.3542.1543.9445.6446.93　tNx262626262626　k0.480.480.480.480.480.48　F21.0621.0621.0621.0621.0621.06　CL127.98145.10163.23181.36198.49211.58　2.西外墙冷负荷由附录7查得Ⅱ型外墙冷负荷计算温度逐时值，计算公式为（3-4）、（3-5），结合附录9，可计算西外墙冷负荷，见下表：西外墙冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00tw137.837.336.836.335.935.535.2td0.90.90.90.90.90.90.987 kα1.061.061.061.061.061.061.06kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.940.94t"w138.5638.0637.5637.0736.6736.2735.97tNx26262626262626△t12.5612.0611.5611.0710.6710.279.97k1.51.51.51.51.51.51.5F19.4419.4419.4419.4419.4419.4419.44CL366.27351.74337.21322.69311.06299.44290.73时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　tw134.934.834.935.335.836.5　td0.90.90.90.90.90.9　kα1.061.061.061.061.061.06　kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.94　t"w135.6735.5735.6736.0736.5737.27　tNx262626262626　△t9.679.579.6710.0710.5711.27　k1.51.51.51.51.51.5　F19.4419.4419.4419.4419.4419.44　CL282.01279.10282.01293.63308.16328.50　南外墙冷负荷：南外墙冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00tw134.634.233.933.533.232.932.8td0.50.50.50.50.50.50.5kα1.061.061.061.061.061.061.06kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.940.94t"w134.9734.5834.2833.8833.5833.2833.18tNx26262626262626△t8.978.588.287.887.587.287.18k1.51.51.51.51.51.51.5F9.009.009.009.009.009.009.00CL121.14115.76111.73106.35102.3198.2896.93时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　tw132.933.133.433.934.434.9　87 td0.50.50.50.50.50.5　kα1.061.061.061.061.061.06　kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.94　t"w133.2833.4833.7834.2834.7735.27　tNx262626262626　△t7.287.487.788.288.779.27　k1.51.51.51.51.51.5　F9.009.009.009.009.009.00　CL98.28100.97105.00111.73118.45125.18　3南外窗瞬时传热冷负荷根据αi=8.7【W/(m2.k)】，αo=14.14【W/(m2.k)】，由附录11查得Kw=2.865【W/(m2.k)】。再由附录12查得玻璃窗传热系数的修正值，金属框双层窗应乘1.2的修正系数。由附录13查出玻璃窗冷负荷计算温度的逐时值tw1,根据式（3-10）计算，计算结果列入下表：南外窗瞬时传热冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00tw126.827.929.029.930.831.531.9td2222222tw1+td28.829.931.031.932.833.533.9tNx26262626262626△t2.83.95.05.96.87.57.9Cwkw3.4383.4383.4383.4383.4383.4383.438Fw5.045.045.045.045.045.045.04CL48.5267.5886.64102.23117.83129.96136.89时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　tw132.232.232.031.630.829.9　td222222　tw1+td34.234.234.033.632.831.9　tNx262626262626　△t8.28.28.07.66.85.9　Cwkw3.4383.4383.4383.4383.4383.438　Fw5.045.045.045.045.045.04　CL142.09142.09138.62131.69117.83102.23　4.透过玻璃窗进入日射得热引起冷负荷由附录19中查得双层钢窗有效面积系数Ca=0.75，故窗的有效面积87 Fw’=5.04m2*0.75=3.78m2。由附录17中查得窗玻璃的遮阳系数Cs=0.86,由附录18中查得窗内遮阳设施的遮阳系数Ci=0.6，于是综合遮挡系数Ccs=Cs*Ci=0.86*0.6=0.516。再由附录16中查得维度34°时（西安市北纬34.12°）南向日射得热因数最大值Dj,max=235.6W/m2.因西安地区在北纬34°18′以北，属于北区，故由附录21查得北区有内遮阳的玻璃窗冷负荷系数逐时值CLQ。用式（3-13）计算逐时进入玻璃窗日射得热引起的冷负荷，列表如下：南窗日射得热引起的冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00CLQ0.470.600.690.770.870.840.74Dj，max235.6235.6235.6235.6235.6235.6235.6tNx26262626262626Ccs0.5160.5160.5160.5160.5160.5160.516Fw5.045.045.045.045.045.045.04CL215.98275.72317.08353.84399.79386.01340.05时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　CLQ0.660.540.380.200.130.12　Dj，max235.6235.6235.6235.6235.6235.6　tNx262626262626　Ccs0.5160.5160.5160.5160.5160.516　Fw5.045.045.045.045.045.04　CL303.29248.15174.6291.9159.7455.14　5.照明散热形成的冷负荷由于选择的是暗装荧光灯，镇流器装设在顶棚内，故镇流器消耗功率系数n1取1.0；灯罩隔热系数n2取0.6。根据室内照明时间为9:00~12:00,13:00~20:00，开灯时间为10小时，由附录26查得照明散热冷负荷系数，按式（3-22）计算，其结果列表如下表：照明散热形成的冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00CLQ00.630.90.910.9300.63n11.01.01.01.01.01.01.0n20.60.60.60.60.60.60.6N200200200200200200200CL075.6108109.2111.6075.6时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　CLQ0.90.910.930.930.940.95　n11.01.01.01.01.01.0　n20.60.60.60.60.60.6　87 N200200200200200200　CL108109.2111.6111.6112.8114　6.人体散热引起的冷负荷办公室属于轻度劳动，查3-15表，当室温为26℃时，成年男子每人散发的显热和潜热量分别为58W和123W，由表3-14查的群集系数=0.93。根据每间办公室人数，在办公室内的总小时数为12h(8:00~20:00)。由附录27查得人体显热散热冷负荷系数逐值。按式（3-23）计算人体显热散热逐时冷负荷，按式（3-24）计算人体潜热引起的冷负荷，然后将其结果列如下表：人体散热形成的冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00CLQ0.550.640.700.750.790.810.84qs58585858585858n4444444φ0.930.930.930.930.930.930.93CLs118.67138.09151.03161.82170.45174.77181.24q1123123123123123123123CL1457.56457.56457.56457.56457.56457.56457.56合计576.23595.65608.59619.38628.01632.33638.80时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　CLQ0.860.880.890.910.920.45　qs585858585858　n444444　φ0.930.930.930.930.930.93　CLs185.55189.87192.03196.34198.5097.09　q1123123123123123123　CL1457.56457.56457.56457.56457.56457.56　合计643.11647.43649.59653.90656.06554.65　7.办公设备散热量依据办公室内的设备，根据式（3-14）、（3-19）计算办公设备散热量如下表：办公设备散热形成的冷负荷办公设备设备数量/W设备散热量/W总散热量/W计算机45582087 显示器470打印机13208.内墙冷负荷当临室与空调区的夏季温差大于3℃时，按式（3-8）计算通过空调房间隔墙楼板、内窗、内门等内围护结构的温差传热而产生的冷负荷，计算结果如下表：走廊内墙冷负荷twp30.7△t1s2t1s32.7tNx26k1.5F14.04CL141.19.各分项逐时冷负荷汇总结果见下表：各分项逐时冷负荷汇总表时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00屋顶负荷124.96113.88104.8199.7899.78103.81114.89西外墙负荷366.27351.74337.21322.69311.06299.44290.73南外墙负荷121.14115.76111.73106.35102.3198.2896.93走廊内墙负荷141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1窗传热负荷48.5267.5886.64102.23117.83129.96136.89窗日射负荷215.98275.72317.08353.84399.79386.01340.05人员负荷576.23595.65608.59619.38628.01632.33638.80灯光负荷075.6108109.2111.6075.6办公设备负荷820820820820820820820总计2414.202557.032635.162674.572731.492610.922654.98时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　屋顶负荷127.98145.10163.23181.36198.49211.58　西外墙负荷282.01279.10282.01293.63308.16328.50　南外墙负荷98.28100.97105.00111.73118.45125.18　走廊内墙负荷141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1　窗传热负荷142.09142.09138.62131.69117.83102.23　87 窗日射负荷303.29248.15174.6291.9159.7455.14　人员负荷643.11647.43649.59653.90656.06554.65　灯光负荷108109.2111.6111.6112.8114　办公设备负荷820820820820820820　总计2665.862633.142585.782536.922532.632452.39　由上表可知，此办公室最大冷负荷出现在12：00时，其值为2731.49W。（三层12,13,16号办公室）1.屋顶冷负荷：由附录8查得北京地区屋顶的冷负荷计算温度逐时值，工程所在地td可由附录9查得，由公式（3-4）和（3-5）算出西安地区屋顶逐时冷负荷，计算结果列于下表中：屋顶冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00tw138.137.036.135.635.636.037.1td0.40.40.40.40.40.40.4kα1.061.061.061.061.061.061.06kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.940.94t"w138.3637.2736.3735.8735.8736.2737.37tNx26262626262626k0.480.480.480.480.480.480.48F21.0621.0621.0621.0621.0621.0621.06CL124.96113.88104.8199.7899.78103.81114.89时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　tw138.440.141.943.745.446.7　td0.40.40.40.40.40.4　kα1.061.061.061.061.061.06　kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.94　t"w138.6640.3542.1543.9445.6446.93　tNx262626262626　k0.480.480.480.480.480.48　F21.0621.0621.0621.0621.0621.06　CL127.98145.10163.23181.36198.49211.58　2.北外墙冷负荷87 由附录7查得Ⅱ型外墙冷负荷计算温度逐时值，计算公式为（3-4）、（3-5），结合附录9，可计算北外墙冷负荷，见下表：北外墙冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00tw132.332.131.831.631.431.331.2td1.81.81.81.81.81.81.8kα1.061.061.061.061.061.061.06kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.940.94t"w133.9833.7833.4833.2833.0832.9832.88tNx26262626262626△t7.987.787.487.287.086.986.88k1.51.51.51.51.51.51.5F9.009.009.009.009.009.009.00CL107.69105.00100.9798.2895.5994.2492.90时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　tw131.231.331.431.631.832.1　td1.81.81.81.81.81.8　kα1.061.061.061.061.061.06　kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.94　t"w132.8832.9833.0833.2833.4833.78　tNx262626262626　△t6.886.987.087.287.487.78　k1.51.51.51.51.51.5　F9.009.009.009.009.009.00　CL92.9094.2495.5998.28100.97105.00　3.北外窗瞬时传热冷负荷根据αi=8.7【W/(m2.k)】，αo=14.14【W/(m2.k)】，由附录11查得Kw=2.865【W/(m2.k)】。再由附录12查得玻璃窗传热系数的修正值，金属框双层窗应乘1.2的修正系数。由附录13查出玻璃窗冷负荷计算温度的逐时值tw1,根据式（3-10）计算，计算结果列入下表：北外窗瞬时传热冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00tw126.827.929.029.930.831.531.9td2222222tw1+td28.829.931.031.932.833.533.987 tNx26262626262626△t2.83.95.05.96.87.57.9Cwkw3.4383.4383.4383.4383.4383.4383.438Fw5.045.045.045.045.045.045.04CL48.5267.5886.64102.23117.83129.96136.89时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　tw132.232.232.031.630.829.9　td222222　tw1+td34.234.234.033.632.831.9　tNx262626262626　△t8.28.28.07.66.85.9　Cwkw3.4383.4383.4383.4383.4383.438　Fw5.045.045.045.045.045.04　CL142.09142.09138.62131.69117.83102.23　4.透过玻璃窗进入日射得热引起冷负荷由附录19中查得双层钢窗有效面积系数Ca=0.75，故窗的有效面积Fw’=5.04m2*0.75=3.78m2。由附录17中查得窗玻璃的遮阳系数Cs=0.86,由附录18中查得窗内遮阳设施的遮阳系数Ci=0.6，于是综合遮挡系数Ccs=Cs*Ci=0.86*0.6=0.516。再由附录16中查得维度34°时（西安市北纬34.12°）北向日射得热因数最大值Dj,max=120.88W/m2.因西安地区在北纬30°37′以北，属于北区，故由附录21查得北区有内遮阳的玻璃窗冷负荷系数逐时值CLQ。用式（3-13）计算逐时进入玻璃窗日射得热引起的冷负荷，列表如下：北窗日射得热引起的冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00CLQ0.700.720.770.820.850.840.81Dj，max120.88120.88120.88120.88120.88120.88120.88tNx26262626262626Ccs0.5160.5160.5160.5160.5160.5160.516Fw5.045.045.045.045.045.045.04CL165.04169.76181.55193.33200.41198.05190.98时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　CLQ0.780.770.750.560.180.17　Dj，max120.88120.88120.88120.88120.88120.88　tNx262626262626　Ccs0.5160.5160.5160.5160.5160.516　Fw5.045.045.045.045.045.04　87 CL183.90181.55176.83132.0342.4440.08　5.照明散热形成的冷负荷由于选择的是暗装荧光灯，镇流器装设在顶棚内，故镇流器消耗功率系数n1取1.0；灯罩隔热系数n2取0.6。根据室内照明时间为9:00~12:00,13:00~20:00，开灯时间为10小时，由附录26查得照明散热冷负荷系数，按式（3-22）计算，其结果列表如下表：照明散热形成的冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00CLQ00.630.90.910.9300.63n11.01.01.01.01.01.01.0n20.60.60.60.60.60.60.6N200200200200200200200CL075.6108109.2111.6075.6时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　CLQ0.90.910.930.930.940.95　n11.01.01.01.01.01.0　n20.60.60.60.60.60.6　N200200200200200200　CL108109.2111.6111.6112.8114　6.人体散热引起的冷负荷办公室属于轻度劳动，查3-15表，当室温为26℃时，成年男子每人散发的显热和潜热量分别为58W和123W，由表3-14查的群集系数=0.93。根据每间办公室人数，在办公室内的总小时数为12h(8:00~20:00)。由附录27查得人体显热散热冷负荷系数逐值。按式（3-23）计算人体显热散热逐时冷负荷，按式（3-24）计算人体潜热引起的冷负荷，然后将其结果列如下表：人体散热形成的冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00CLQ0.550.640.700.750.790.810.84qs58585858585858n4444444φ0.930.930.930.930.930.930.93CLs118.67138.09151.03161.82170.45174.77181.24q112312312312312312312387 CL1457.56457.56457.56457.56457.56457.56457.56合计576.23595.65608.59619.38628.01632.33638.80时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　CLQ0.860.880.890.910.920.45　qs585858585858　n444444　φ0.930.930.930.930.930.93　CLs185.55189.87192.03196.34198.5097.09　q1123123123123123123　CL1457.56457.56457.56457.56457.56457.56　合计643.11647.43649.59653.90656.06554.65　7.办公设备散热量依据办公室内的设备，根据式（3-14）、（3-19）计算办公设备散热量如下表：办公设备散热形成的冷负荷办公设备设备数量/W设备散热量/W总散热量/W计算机455820显示器470打印机13208.内墙冷负荷当临室与空调区的夏季温差大于3℃时，按式（3-8）计算通过空调房间隔墙楼板、内窗、内门等内围护结构的温差传热而产生的冷负荷，计算结果如下表：走廊内墙冷负荷twp30.7△t1s2t1s32.7tNx26k1.5F14.04CL141.19.各分项逐时冷负荷汇总结果见下表：各分项逐时冷负荷汇总表时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:0087 屋顶负荷124.96113.88104.8199.7899.78103.81114.89北外墙负荷107.69105.00100.9798.2895.5994.2492.90内墙负荷141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1窗传热负荷48.5267.5886.64102.23117.83129.96136.89窗日射负荷165.04169.76181.55193.33200.41198.05190.98人员负荷576.23595.65608.59619.38628.01632.33638.80灯光负荷075.6108109.2111.6075.6办公设备负荷820820820820820820820总计1983.542088.562151.662183.302214.312119.482211.15时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　屋顶负荷127.98145.10163.23181.36198.49211.58　北外墙负荷92.9094.2495.5998.28100.97105.00　内墙负荷141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1　窗传热负荷142.09142.09138.62131.69117.83102.23　窗日射负荷183.90181.55176.83132.0342.4440.08　人员负荷643.11647.43649.59653.90656.06554.65　灯光负荷108109.2111.6111.6112.8114　办公设备负荷820820820820820820　总计2259.082280.712296.562269.972189.682088.65　由上表可知，此办公室最大冷负荷出现在17：00时，其值为2296.56W。（三层14号会议室）1.屋顶冷负荷：由附录8查得北京地区屋顶的冷负荷计算温度逐时值，工程所在地td可由附录9查得，由公式（3-4）和（3-5）算出西安地区屋顶逐时冷负荷，计算结果列于下表中：屋顶冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00tw138.137.036.135.635.636.037.1td0.40.40.40.40.40.40.4kα1.061.061.061.061.061.061.06kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.940.94t"w138.3637.2736.3735.8735.8736.2737.37tNx26262626262626k0.480.480.480.480.480.480.4887 F42.1242.1242.1242.1242.1242.1242.12CL249.92227.76209.63199.56199.56207.61229.77时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　tw138.440.141.943.745.446.7　td0.40.40.40.40.40.4　kα1.061.061.061.061.061.06　kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.94　t"w138.6640.3542.1543.9445.6446.93　tNx262626262626　k0.480.480.480.480.480.48　F42.1242.1242.1242.1242.1242.12　CL255.96290.21326.47362.73396.98423.16　2.北外墙冷负荷由附录7查得Ⅱ型外墙冷负荷计算温度逐时值，计算公式为（3-4）、（3-5），结合附录9，可计算南外墙冷负荷，见下表：北外墙冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00tw132.332.131.831.631.431.331.2td1.81.81.81.81.81.81.8kα1.061.061.061.061.061.061.06kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.940.94t"w133.9833.7833.4833.2833.0832.9832.88tNx26262626262626△t7.987.787.487.287.086.986.88k1.51.51.51.51.51.51.5F18.0018.0018.0018.0018.0018.0018.00CL215.39210.00201.93196.55191.17188.48185.79时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　tw131.231.331.431.631.832.1　td1.81.81.81.81.81.8　kα1.061.061.061.061.061.06　kρ0.940.940.940.940.940.94　t"w132.8832.9833.0833.2833.4833.78　tNx262626262626　87 △t6.886.987.087.287.487.78　k1.51.51.51.51.51.5　F18.0018.0018.0018.0018.0018.00　CL185.79188.48191.17196.55201.93210.00　3.北外窗瞬时传热冷负荷根据αi=8.7【W/(m2.k)】，αo=14.14【W/(m2.k)】，由附录11查得Kw=2.865【W/(m2.k)】。再由附录12查得玻璃窗传热系数的修正值，金属框双层窗应乘1.2的修正系数。由附录13查出玻璃窗冷负荷计算温度的逐时值tw1,根据式（3-10）计算，计算结果列入下表：北外窗瞬时传热冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00tw126.827.929.029.930.831.531.9td2222222tw1+td28.829.931.031.932.833.533.9tNx26262626262626△t2.83.95.05.96.87.57.9Cwkw3.4383.4383.4383.4383.4383.4383.438Fw10.0810.0810.0810.0810.0810.0810.08CL97.03135.15173.28204.46235.65259.91273.77时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　tw132.232.232.031.630.829.9　td222222　tw1+td34.234.234.033.632.831.9　tNx262626262626　△t8.28.28.07.66.85.9　Cwkw3.4383.4383.4383.4383.4383.438　Fw10.0810.0810.0810.0810.0810.08　CL284.17284.17277.24263.38235.65204.46　4.透过玻璃窗进入日射得热引起冷负荷由附录19中查得双层钢窗有效面积系数Ca=0.75，故窗的有效面积Fw’=10.08*0.75=7.56m2。由附录17中查得窗玻璃的遮阳系数Cs=0.86,由附录18中查得窗内遮阳设施的遮阳系数Ci=0.6，于是综合遮挡系数Ccs=Cs*Ci=0.86*0.6=0.516。再由附录16中查得维度34°时（西安市北纬34.12°）北向日射得热因数最大值Dj,max=120.88W/m2.因西安地区在北纬34°18′以北，属于北区，故由附录21查得北区有内遮阳的玻璃窗冷负荷系数逐时值CLQ。用式（3-13）计算逐时进入玻璃窗日射得热引起的冷负荷，列表如下：北窗日射得热引起的冷负荷87 时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00CLQ0.700.720.770.820.850.840.81Dj，max120.88120.88120.88120.88120.88120.88120.88tNx26262626262626Ccs0.5160.5160.5160.5160.5160.5160.516Fw10.0810.0810.0810.0810.0810.0810.08CL330.08339.51363.09386.67400.82396.10381.95时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　CLQ0.780.770.750.560.180.17　Dj，max120.88120.88120.88120.88120.88120.88　tNx262626262626　Ccs0.5160.5160.5160.5160.5160.516　Fw10.0810.0810.0810.0810.0810.08　CL367.81363.09353.66264.0784.8880.16　5.照明散热形成的冷负荷由于选择的是暗装荧光灯，镇流器装设在顶棚内，故镇流器消耗功率系数n1取1.0；灯罩隔热系数n2取0.6。根据室内照明时间为9:00~12:00,13:00~20:00，开灯时间为10小时，由附录26查得照明散热冷负荷系数，按式（3-22）计算，其结果列表如下表：照明散热形成的冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00CLQ00.630.90.910.9300.63n11.01.01.01.01.01.01.0n20.60.60.60.60.60.60.6N400400400400400400400CL0151.2216218.4223.20151.2时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　CLQ0.90.910.930.930.940.95　n11.01.01.01.01.01.0　n20.60.60.60.60.60.6　N400400400400400400　CL216218.4223.2223.2225.6228　6.人体散热引起的冷负荷会议室属于静坐，查3-15表，当室温为26℃时，成年男子每人散发的显热和潜热量87 分别为63W和45W，由表3-14查的群集系数=0.96。根据每间办公室人数，在会议室内的总小时数为12h(8:00~20:00)。由附录27查得人体显热散热冷负荷系数逐值。按式（3-23）计算人体显热散热逐时冷负荷，按式（3-24）计算人体潜热引起的冷负荷，然后将其结果列如下表：人体散热形成的冷负荷时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00CLQ0.550.640.700.750.790.810.84qs63636363636363n40404040404040φ0.960.960.960.960.960.960.96CLs1330.561548.291693.441814.401911.171959.552032.13q145454545454545CL11728172817281728172817281728合计3058.563276.293421.443542.403639.173687.553760.13时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　CLQ0.860.880.890.910.920.45　qs636363636363　n404040404040　φ0.960.960.960.960.960.96　CLs2080.512128.902153.092201.472225.661088.64　q1454545454545　CL1172817281728172817281728　合计3808.513856.903881.093929.473953.662816.64　7.设备散热量设备散热形成的冷负荷办公设备设备数量/W设备散热量/W总散热量/W计算机155535显示器180投影仪14008.内墙冷负荷当临室与空调区的夏季温差大于3℃时，按式（3-8）计算通过空调房间隔墙楼板、内窗、内门等内围护结构的温差传热而产生的冷负荷，计算结果如下表：内墙冷负荷twp30.787 △t1s2t1s32.7tNx26k1.5F47.52CL477.579.各分项逐时冷负荷汇总结果见下表：各分项逐时冷负荷汇总表时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00屋顶负荷249.92227.76209.63199.56199.56207.61229.77相邻内墙负荷195.37195.37195.37195.37195.37195.37195.37北外墙负荷215.39210.00201.93196.55191.17188.48185.79走廊内墙负荷282.2282.2282.2282.2282.2282.2282.2窗传热负荷97.03135.15173.28204.46235.65259.91273.77窗日射负荷330.08339.51363.09386.67400.82396.10381.95人员负荷3058.563276.293421.443542.403639.173687.553760.13灯光负荷0151.2216218.4223.20151.2办公设备负荷535535535535535535535总计4963.555352.495597.945760.615902.145752.235995.19时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　屋顶负荷255.96290.21326.47362.73396.98423.16　相邻内墙负荷195.37195.37195.37195.37195.37195.37　北外墙负荷185.79188.48191.17196.55201.93210.00　走廊内墙负荷282.2282.2282.2282.2282.2282.2　窗传热负荷284.17284.17277.24263.38235.65204.46　窗日射负荷367.81363.09353.66264.0784.8880.16　人员负荷3808.513856.903881.093929.473953.662816.64　灯光负荷216218.4223.2223.2225.6228　办公设备负荷535535535535535535　总计6130.816213.826265.406251.976111.284975.01　由上表可知，此办公室最大冷负荷出现在17：00时，其值为6265.40W。87 4.2.2一、二层房间总负荷汇总表（一层大厅）各分项逐时冷负荷汇总表时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00东外墙负荷749.85715.15694.33680.46680.46694.33722.09西外墙负荷796.55759.70737.58722.84722.84737.58767.07南外墙负荷302.86289.41279.32265.87255.78245.69242.33北外墙负荷215.39210.00201.93196.55191.17188.48185.79内墙负荷336.47336.47336.47336.47336.47336.47336.47窗传热负荷777.431093.741410.051668.851927.652128.932243.96窗日射负荷3269.743785.384161.324489.554875.474746.324316.63人员负荷28501.6029426.0830102.4030636.0031062.8831276.3231596.48灯光负荷0680.4972982.81004.40680.4总计34949.8837296.3338895.4039979.3841057.1140354.1341091.22时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　东外墙负荷756.79791.48826.18853.93881.69902.51　西外墙负荷803.93840.78877.64907.13936.61958.72　南外墙负荷245.69252.42262.51279.32296.13312.95　北外墙负荷185.79188.48191.17196.55201.93210.00　内墙负荷336.47336.47336.47336.47336.47336.47　窗传热负荷2330.222330.222272.712157.691927.651668.85　窗日射负荷3960.483492.262852.651818.87839.31780.95　人员负荷31809.9232023.3632130.0832343.5232450.2427434.40　灯光负荷972982.81004.41004.41015.21026　总计41401.2841238.2740753.8139897.8838885.2433630.85　（二层1号办公室）各分项逐时冷负荷汇总表时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00东外墙负荷313.97299.44290.73284.92284.92290.73302.35北外墙负荷107.69105.00100.9798.2895.5994.2492.90内墙负荷141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1窗传热负荷45.0564.1183.1798.77114.36126.49133.4287 窗日射负荷165.04169.76181.55193.33200.41198.05190.98人员负荷576.23595.65608.59619.38628.01632.33638.80灯光负荷075.6108109.2111.6075.6办公设备负荷820820820820820820820总计2169.082270.662334.102364.972395.982302.932395.14时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　东外墙负荷316.88331.40345.93357.55369.17377.89　北外墙负荷92.9094.2495.5998.28100.97105.00　内墙负荷141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1　窗传热负荷138.62138.62135.15128.22114.3698.77　窗日射负荷183.90181.55176.83132.0342.4440.08　人员负荷643.11647.43649.59653.90656.06554.65　灯光负荷108109.2111.6111.6112.8114　办公设备负荷820820820820820820　总计2444.512463.542475.792442.692356.902251.49　（二层2号办公室）各分项逐时冷负荷汇总表时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00东外墙负荷313.97299.44290.73284.92284.92290.73302.35南外墙负荷138.63133.25129.21123.83119.80115.76114.42走廊内墙负荷141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1窗传热负荷48.5267.5886.64102.23117.83129.96136.89窗日射负荷215.98275.72317.08353.84399.79386.01340.05人员负荷576.23595.65608.59619.38628.01632.33638.80灯光负荷075.6108109.2111.6075.6办公设备负荷820820820820820820820总计2254.432408.342501.352554.502623.052515.882569.21时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　东外墙负荷316.88331.40345.93357.55369.17377.89　南外墙负荷115.76118.45122.49129.21135.94142.67　走廊内墙负荷141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1　窗传热负荷142.09142.09138.62131.69117.83102.23　窗日射负荷303.29248.15174.6291.9159.7455.14　人员负荷643.11647.43649.59653.90656.06554.65　87 灯光负荷108109.2111.6111.6112.8114　办公设备负荷820820820820820820　总计2590.232557.822503.952436.972412.642307.69　（二层3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10号办公室）各分项逐时冷负荷汇总表时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00南外墙负荷121.14115.76111.73106.35102.3196.9396.93走廊内墙负荷141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1窗传热负荷50.2567.5886.64102.23117.83129.96136.89窗日射负荷215.98275.72317.08353.84399.79386.01340.05人员负荷576.23595.65608.59619.38628.01632.33638.80灯光负荷075.6108109.2111.6075.6办公设备负荷820820820820820820820总计1924.702091.412193.142252.102320.642206.322249.37时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　南外墙负荷98.28100.97105.00111.73118.45125.18　走廊内墙负荷141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1　窗传热负荷142.09142.09138.62131.69117.83102.23　窗日射负荷303.29248.15174.6291.9159.7455.14　人员负荷643.11647.43649.59653.90656.06554.65　灯光负荷108109.2111.6111.6112.8114　办公设备负荷820820820820820820　总计2255.872208.932140.532061.932025.981912.31　（二层11号）各分项逐时冷负荷汇总表时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00西外墙负荷366.27351.74337.21322.69311.06299.44290.73南外墙负荷121.14115.76111.73106.35102.3198.2896.93走廊内墙负荷141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1窗传热负荷48.5267.5886.64102.23117.83129.96136.89窗日射负荷215.98275.72317.08353.84399.79386.01340.05人员负荷576.23595.65608.59619.38628.01632.33638.80灯光负荷075.6108109.2111.6075.687 办公设备负荷820820820820820820820总计2289.242443.152530.352574.792631.712507.112540.10时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　西外墙负荷282.01279.10282.01293.63308.16328.50　南外墙负荷98.28100.97105.00111.73118.45125.18　走廊内墙负荷141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1　窗传热负荷142.09142.09138.62131.69117.83102.23　窗日射负荷303.29248.15174.6291.9159.7455.14　人员负荷643.11647.43649.59653.90656.06554.65　灯光负荷108109.2111.6111.6112.8114　办公设备负荷820820820820820820　总计2537.882488.032422.542355.562334.142240.81　（二层12,16号办公室）各分项逐时冷负荷汇总表时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00相邻内墙负荷195.37195.37195.37195.37195.37195.37195.37北外墙负荷107.69105.00100.9798.2895.5994.2492.90走廊内墙负荷141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1窗传热负荷48.5267.5886.64102.23117.83129.96136.89窗日射负荷165.04169.76181.55193.33200.41198.05190.98人员负荷576.23595.65608.59619.38628.01632.33638.80灯光负荷075.6108109.2111.6075.6办公设备负荷820820820820820820820总计2053.952170.052242.212278.892309.902211.042291.63时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　相邻内墙负荷195.37195.37195.37195.37195.37195.37　北外墙负荷92.9094.2495.5998.28100.97105.00　走廊内墙负荷141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1　窗传热负荷142.09142.09138.62131.69117.83102.23　窗日射负荷183.90181.55176.83132.0342.4440.08　人员负荷643.11647.43649.59653.90656.06554.65　灯光负荷108109.2111.6111.6112.8114　办公设备负荷820820820820820820　总计2326.472330.972328.692283.972186.562072.44　87 （二层13,14,17号办公室）各分项逐时冷负荷汇总表时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00北外墙负荷107.69105.00100.9798.2895.5994.2492.90内墙负荷141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1窗传热负荷48.5267.5886.64102.23117.83129.96136.89窗日射负荷165.04169.76181.55193.33200.41198.05190.98人员负荷576.23595.65608.59619.38628.01632.33638.80灯光负荷075.6108109.2111.6075.6办公设备负荷820820820820820820820总计1858.581974.682046.842083.522114.532015.672096.26时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　北外墙负荷92.9094.2495.5998.28100.97105.00　内墙负荷141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1141.1　窗传热负荷142.09142.09138.62131.69117.83102.23　窗日射负荷183.90181.55176.83132.0342.4440.08　人员负荷643.11647.43649.59653.90656.06554.65　灯光负荷108109.2111.6111.6112.8114　办公设备负荷820820820820820820　总计2131.102135.602133.322088.601991.191877.07　（二层15号办公室）各分项逐时冷负荷汇总表时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:0013:0014:00相邻内墙负荷195.37195.37195.37195.37195.37195.37195.37北外墙负荷215.39210.00201.93196.55191.17188.48185.79走廊内墙负荷282.2282.2282.2282.2282.2282.2282.2窗传热负荷97.03135.15173.28204.46235.65259.91273.77窗日射负荷330.08339.51363.09386.67400.82396.10381.95人员负荷3058.563276.293421.443542.403639.173687.553760.13灯光负荷0151.2216218.4223.20151.2办公设备负荷535535535535535535535总计4713.635124.735388.315561.065702.585544.625765.42时间15:0016:0017:0018:0019:0020:00　87 相邻内墙负荷195.37195.37195.37195.37195.37195.37　北外墙负荷185.79188.48191.17196.55201.93210.00　走廊内墙负荷282.2282.2282.2282.2282.2282.2　窗传热负荷284.17284.17277.24263.38235.65204.46　窗日射负荷367.81363.09353.66264.0784.8880.16　人员负荷3808.513856.903881.093929.473953.662816.64　灯光负荷216218.4223.2223.2225.6228　办公设备负荷535535535535535535　总计5874.855923.615938.935889.245714.304551.84　4.3办公楼冷负荷汇总建筑总冷负荷汇总表时间8:009:0010:0011:0012:00一层大厅34949.884537296.32838895.404739979.384441057.112二层1号房间2169.082270.662334.102364.972395.98二层2号房间2254.432408.342501.352554.502623.05二层3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10号房间15397.6216731.2617545.0818016.8018565.15二层11号房间2289.242443.152530.352574.792631.71二层12,16号房间4107.904340.114484.434557.794619.80二层13,14,17号房间5575.745924.056140.536250.576343.60二层15号房间4713.635124.735388.315561.065702.58三层1号房间2294.042384.542438.922464.752495.76三层2号房间2379.392522.222606.162654.282722.82三层3,4,5,7,8,9号房间12297.9713231.7213787.7014111.2714522.53三层6号房间4099.324410.574595.904703.764840.84三层10号房间2414.202557.032635.162674.572731.49三层11,15号房间4357.824567.874694.054757.344819.36三层12,13,16号房间5950.626265.696454.976549.916642.93三层14号房间4963.555352.495597.945760.615902.14总计97929.46104612.02108855.66111438.08114107.32时间13:0014:0015:0016:0017:0087 一层大厅40354.132341091.220141401.284141238.272940753.8106二层1号房间2302.932395.142444.512463.542475.79二层2号房间2515.882569.212590.232557.822503.95二层3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10号房间17650.5717994.9818046.9417671.4317124.25二层11号房间2507.112540.102537.882488.032422.54二层12,16号房间4422.094583.264652.944661.944657.39二层13,14,17号房间6047.026288.786393.306406.816399.97二层15号房间5544.625765.425874.855923.615938.93三层1号房间2406.742510.032572.492608.642639.02三层2号房间2619.692684.092718.212702.922667.18三层3,4,5,7,8,9号房间13860.7714185.5514303.0914124.2013822.59三层6号房间4620.264728.524767.704708.074607.53三层10号房间2610.922654.982665.862633.142585.78三层11,15号房间4629.704813.034908.904952.154983.86三层12,13,16号房间6358.446633.446777.246842.126889.67三层14号房间5752.235995.196130.816213.826265.40总计110355.33113260.38114496.14114085.32112928.08时间18:0019:0020:00　一层大厅39897.884938885.236133630.8539　二层1号房间2442.692356.902251.49　二层2号房间2436.972412.642307.69　二层3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10号房间16495.4016207.8415298.46　二层11号房间2355.562334.142240.81　二层12,16号房间4567.944373.134144.88　二层13,14,17号房间6265.805973.585631.21　二层15号房间5889.245714.304551.84　三层1号房间2624.052555.392463.08　三层2号房间2618.332611.132519.27　三层3,4,5,7,8,9号房间13459.7413346.8012743.34　三层6号房间4486.584448.934247.78　87 三层10号房间2536.922532.632452.39　三层11,15号房间4930.674770.104568.04　三层12,13,16号房间6809.906569.046265.95　三层14号房间6251.976111.284975.01　总计110622.91107869.2597561.73　　4.4散湿量计算各房间散湿量汇总表地点办公室（小）办公室（大）会议室大厅人数4840200群集系数φ0.930.930.930.92人员散失（g/h）1841846868总散失量（kg/h）0.681.362.5312.51冬季各房间所需热负荷按照指标估算法，如下表：各房间热负荷汇总房间号单位面积指标（w/㎡）热负荷（kw）一层大厅12060.39二层1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,16,17号房间，三层1,2,3,4,5,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16号房间601.26二层15号房间，三层6,14号房间602.53五．空调系统确定空调系统按空气处理设备的设置情况分类，可分为三类：空调系统的比较87 空调系统特点使用范围集中式空气处理设备和风机等集中设在空调机房内，通过送回风管道与被调节的各房间相连，对空气进行集中处理和集中分配。1）建筑空间大，可布置风管；2）室内温湿度、洁净度控制要求严格的生产车间；3）空间容量很大的大空间公共建筑。半集中式把一次空气处理设备和风机、冷风机组等设备集中的空调机房内，而把二次空气空气处理设备设在空气调节器内。1）室内温湿度控制要求一般的场合；2）多层或高层建筑而层高较低的场合，如旅馆和一般的标准的办公楼。分散式局部式或冷剂式空调系统1）空调房间布置分散；2）空调使用时间要求灵活；3）无法设置集中式冷热源。综上表所述，本工程为办公楼，根据负荷的分布，初步将空调房间供冷方式定为风机盘管加新风系统。六．空调风系统6.1新风量的确定房间最小新风量qm,W,min=qm,W,Pn+qm,W,bF(3—48)qm,W,P---------每人每小时所需最小新风量【m3/(人*h)】;n---------------室内人员数；qm,W,b-------------单位面积每小时所需的最小新风量【m3/（人/h）】;F---------------通风房间建筑面积（m2）表3--33单位建筑面积每小时所需的新风量场所新风量办公室54m3/(room*h)大厅0.9m3/(m2*h)表3—34公共建筑主要空间的设计新风量建筑类型与房间名称新风量/【m3/(m2*h)】87 办公室30会议室10大厅10各房间新风量确定：空调房间的新风量空调房间办公室（小）办公室（大）会议室大厅人数4840200新风量（m3/h）1742944002453新风量（kg/s）0.06240.1050.2440.8796.2风机盘管加新风空调系统夏季的空气处理过程在风机盘管加新风空调系统中，新风在夏季要经过冷却减湿处理，在冬季要经过加热或加热加湿处理。为了分析方便，可让风机盘管承担室内冷、热负荷，新风机组只承担新风本身的负荷。(1)新风处理到室内状态的等焓线1）夏季空气处理过程。夏季新风处理到室内状态的比焓值的h—d图见下图。新风机组不负担室内冷负荷，该方式易于实现，但风机盘管为湿工况，有水患之虞。a.根据设计条件，确定室外状态点Wx和室内状态点Nx。b.确定机器露点Lx和考虑温升后的状态点Kx从Nx点引hNx线，取温升为1.5℃的线段KxLx，使KxLx与等焓线hx线和φ=90％线分别交于Kx、Lx，连接WxLx，Wx→Lx是新风在新风机组内实现的冷却减湿过程。c.确定室内状态点Ox从Nx点作ε=90％的线相交于送风状态点Ox，Ox确定之后，即可计算出空调房间送风量（Kg/s）为87 qm=d.确定风机盘管处理后的状态点Mx。连接KxOx并延长到Mx点，Mx为经风机盘管处理后的空气状态，风机盘管处理的风量qm，F=qm-qm，w，由混合原理可求出hMx,hMx线与KxOx延长线相交得Mx点。连接NxMx，Nx→Mx是在风机盘管内实现的冷却减湿过程。e.确定新风负担的冷量和盘管负担的冷量。新风机组负担的冷量（KW）为Qo,w=qm，w（hwx-hlx）盘管负担的冷量(KW）为Qo,F=qm，F(hNx-hMx)其空气处理过程为87 6．3.各房间参数汇总空调房间NxWxthdthd一层1号房间（大厅）2653.310.63589.121二层1号房间2653.310.63589.121二层2号房间2653.310.63589.121二层3,4,5,6,7,8,9，10号房间2653.310.63589.121二层11号房间2653.310.63589.121二层12,16号房间2653.310.63589.121二层13,14,17号房间2653.310.63589.121二层15号房间2653.310.63589.121三层1号房间2653.310.63589.121三层2号房间2653.310.63589.121三层3,4,5,7,8,9号房间2653.310.63589.121三层6号房间2653.310.63589.121三层10号房间2653.310.63589.121三层11,15号房间2653.310.63589.121三层12,13,16号房间2653.310.63589.121三层14号房间2653.310.63589.12187 空调房间LxKxthdthd一层1号房间（大厅）19.853.313.121.354.913.1二层1号房间19.853.313.121.354.913.1二层2号房间19.853.313.121.354.913.1二层3,4,5,6,7,8,9，10号房间19.853.313.121.354.913.1二层11号房间19.853.313.121.354.913.1二层12,16号房间19.853.313.121.354.913.1二层13,14,17号房间19.853.313.121.354.913.1二层15号房间21.558.814.62360.414.6三层1号房间19.853.313.121.354.913.1三层2号房间19.853.313.121.354.913.1三层3,4,5,7,8,9号房间19.853.313.121.354.913.1三层6号房间19.853.313.121.354.913.1三层10号房间19.853.313.121.354.913.1三层11,15号房间19.853.313.121.354.913.1三层12,13,16号房间19.853.313.121.354.913.1三层14号房间19.853.313.121.354.913.1空调房间MxOxthdthd一层1号房间（大厅）13.334.18.215.439.49.5二层1号房间13.3348.115.640.19.6二层2号房间13.835.28.415.840.59.7二层3,4,5,6,7,8,9，10号房间12.632.37.815.4409.5二层11号房间13.7358.115.340.69.7二层12,16号房间12.632.37.815.4409.7二层13,14,17号房间1154.9714.9399.3二层15号房间15.3399.318.44811.5三层1号房间13.835.38.515.840.59.7三层2号房间14.1368.615.9419.7三层3,4,5,7,8,9号房间1333.4815.5409.687 三层6号房间13.7358.41.6409.6三层10号房间14.1368.615.940.79.7三层11,15号房间13.334.18.215.640.19.6三层12,13,16号房间18.547.611.419.450.212.1三层14号房间10.627.86.81436.48.8空调房间温度相对湿度﹪冷负荷kw热负荷湿量g/s一层1号房间（大厅）265041.40160.393.475二层1号房间26502.4751.260.189二层2号房间26502.6231.260.189二层3,4,5,6,7,8,9，10号房间26502.3211.260.189二层11号房间26502.6321.260.189二层12,16号房间26502.3311.260.189二层13,14,17号房间26502.1361.260.189二层15号房间26505.9382.530.378三层1号房间26502.6391.260.189三层2号房间26502.7231.260.189三层3,4,5,7,8,9号房间26502.421.260.189三层6号房间26504.842.530.378三层10号房间26502.7311.260.189三层11,15号房间26502.4911.260.189三层12,13,16号房间26502.2961.260.189三层14号房间26502.2962.530.703空调房间新风风量（m3/h)风机盘管送风/（m3/h）总送风量（m3/h）一层1号房间（大厅）2453795810411二层1号房间174421595二层2号房间174476650二层3,4,5,6,7,8,9，10号房间174361535二层11号房间174479653二层12,16号房间17436553987 二层13,14,17号房间174287461二层15号房间4007591159三层1号房间174482656三层2号房间174513687三层3,4,5,7,8,9号房间174399573三层6号房间2948611155三层10号房间174516690三层11,15号房间174426600三层12,13,16号房间174672846三层14号房间4008501250风机盘管加新风空调系统冬季的空气处理过程6.在风机盘管加新风空调系统中，新风在夏季要经过冷却减湿处理，在冬季要经过加热或加热加湿处理。为了分析方便，可让风机盘管承担室内冷、热负荷，新风机组只承担新风本身的负荷。(1)新风处理到室内状态的等焓线其空气处理过程为87 6.4风机盘管加新风系统的设计6.4.1风机盘管选型由上表得出的风机盘管承担的冷量及风机盘管风量，查《空气调节设计手册》表4—3可选出各个房间的风机盘管，结果见下表：一层大厅二层1号二层2号二层3号二层4号二层5号二层6号二层7号18台FP-51台FP-51台FP-51台FP-51台FP-51台FP-51台FP-51台FP-5二层7号二层8号二层9号二层10号二层11号二层12号二层13号二层14号1台FP-51台FP-51台FP-51台FP-51台FP-51台FP-51台FP-51台FP-5二层15号二层16号二层17号三层1号三层2号三层3号三层4号三层5号2台FP-51台FP-51台FP-51台FP-51台FP-51台FP-51台FP-51台FP-5三层6号三层7号三层8号三层9号三层10号三层11号三层12号三层13号2台FP-51台FP-51台FP-51台FP-51台FP-51台FP-51台FP-51台FP-5三层14号三层15号三层16号　2台FP-51台FP-51台FP-5　　　　　各个风机盘管的参数如下：FP代号名义风量m3/h名义供冷量w名义供热量wFP-55002800420087 FP代号单位风机功率供冷量w水压力损失kpa允许声级＜dbFP-55024396.4.2新风机组选型各层所需新风量及新风冷量为：新风机组担负的热湿量汇总表空调房间新风量（m3/h)冷负荷kw一层245327.58二层318437.83三层313035.25根据以上数据，选取新风机组：查《中央空调设备选型手册》，各楼层新风机组可选用无锡申达空调设备有限公司生产的ZK系列暗装空气处理机组(p551表3.2-21)，其技术参数如下：新风机组参数(立式，暗装，4排，柜式）型号额定风量m3/h机组余压pa额定冷量kw额定热量kwⅠ类Ⅱ类空调工况全新风工况空调工况全新风工况ZKL3.535003002401837.826.844.5风机功率kw水流量m3/h水阻力kpa机组噪声dB（A）机组重量kgⅠ类Ⅱ类空调工况全新风工况空调工况全新风工况0.80.553.16.515.240.134.124587 6.4.3气流组织的选择气流组织的形式对空调系统的综合效果还有着十分重要的影响，在选择气流组织形式的时候，要根据各系统的特点及要求，并结合建筑的特点，选择合适的气流组织形式。常见的送风末端形式有：侧送，孔板送风，散流器送风，喷口送风，条缝送风等：表5-10末端送风形式的比较末端形式特点侧送风有区域温差，送风射程短双层百叶送风通过改变叶片的安装角度，调整气流的扩散角孔板送风室温波动范围小，换气次数大，能耗大，适用于特殊要求的场合散流器平送适用于层高较低，有技术夹层，工作区温度和风速均匀稳定散流器下送单向流，可以满足洁净度的要求喷口送风出口风速高，射程远条缝送风中心风速减快，温度波动较大根据建筑的性质办公室，会议室，大厅均采用采用散流器下送。散流器的设计计算在风机盘管盘管系统设计中，全部房间选用散流器。1）散流器的布置以三层1号办公室为例根据房间选用了一台FP-5风机盘管，初步选用1个方形散流器。其散流器的流量为：Q=2）送风口的喉部风速采用=4m/s。3)初步选定散流器由单个散流器所需的候部面积为，计算如下：87 根据标准型号风盘所接散流器的尺寸表5-11；5-11标准型号风盘所接散流器的尺寸表风盘型号风量方散尺寸FPm3/hmm3.5350200*2005500200*2006.3630250*2507.1710250*250101000300*30012.51250300*300161600350*350202500450*450252500450*450根据上表，选用的喉部的尺寸为200*200。则喉部的实际风速为;散流器的实际出口面积约为互补面积的90%。则散流器的有效流通面积散流器出口风速为：4)计算射程散流器中心到区域边缘距离为2.7m,根据要求，散流器的射程应为散流器中心到房间或区域边缘距离的75%，所需最小的射程为：2.7m×0.75=2.025m。2.033m>2.025m，因此满足射程要求。5）计算室内平均风速87 夏季工况送冷风，则室内平均风速为0.165×1.2=0.198，满足舒适性空调夏季室内风速不应大于0.3m/s的要求。6）校核轴心温差衰减满足舒适性空调温度的波动范围±1℃。故采用1个散流器对称布置符合要求。其他房间与其方法相同。各房间散流器取型及数量如下：回风口散流器选择尺寸表空调房间回风量（m3/h)方形散流器尺寸mm散流器个数一层大厅7034200×20018二层1号房间420200×2001二层2号房间476200×2001二层3,4,5,6,7,8,9，10号房间361200×2001二层11号房间479200×2001二层12,16号房间365200×2001二层13,14,17号房间287200×2001二层15号房间759200×2002三层1号房间482200×2001三层2号房间513200×2001三层3,4,5,7,8,9号房间400200×2001三层6号房间861200×2002三层10号房间516200×2001三层11,15号房间426200×2001三层12,13,16号房间671200×2001三层14号房间850200×2002新风口散流器尺寸选择：新风口散流器选择尺寸表87 空调房间回风量（m3/h)方形散流器尺寸mm散流器个数一层大厅7034120×12018二层1号房间174120×1201二层2号房间174120×1201二层3,4,5,6,7,8,9，10号房间174120×1201二层11号房间174120×1201二层12,16号房间174120×1201二层13,14,17号房间174120×1201二层15号房间400120×1202三层1号房间174120×1201三层2号房间174120×1201三层3,4,5,7,8,9号房间174120×1201三层6号房间294120×1202三层10号房间174120×1201三层11,15号房间174120×1201三层12,13,16号房间174120×1201三层14号房间400120×1202七．水力计算7.1风管系统水力计算（一）风管布置1、通风、空调系统的风管，宜采用圆形或长、短边之比不大于4的矩形截面，其最大长、短边之比不应超过10。风管的截面尺寸，宜按国家现行标准《通风与空气调节工程施工质量验收规范》(GB50243)[13]中的规定执行。金属风管的管径应为外径或外边长；非金属风管的管径应为内径或内边长。2、风管道全部用镀锌钢板制作，厚度及加工方法，按《通风与空调工程施工及验收规范》(GB50243-97)[14]的规定确定，主管和支管的断面尺寸在途中标明；3、设计图中所注风管的标高，以风管轴线为准；4、穿越沉降缝或变形缝处的风管两侧，以及与通风机进、出口相连处，应设置长度为200～300mm的人造革软接；软接的接口应牢固、严密。在软接处禁止变径；87 5、风管上的可拆卸接口，不得设置在墙体或楼板内；6、所有水平或垂直的风管，必须设置必要的支、吊或托架，其构造形式由安装单位在保证牢固、可靠的原则下根据现场情况选定，详见国标Ｔ616；7、风管支、吊或托架应设置于保温层的外部，并在支吊托架与风管间镶以垫木，同时，应避免在法兰、测量孔、调节阀等零部件处设置支吊托架；8、安装调节阀、蝶阀等调节配件时，必须注意将操作手柄配置在便于操作的部位；9、安装防火阀和排烟阀时，应先对其外观质量和动作的灵活性与可靠性进行检验，确认合格后再行安装；10、防火阀的安装位置必须与设计相符，气流方向务必与阀体上标志的箭头相一致，严禁反向；11、防火阀必须单独配置支吊架。（二）风管水力计算根据《空调课本》p419表8-5，通风、空调系统风管内风速及通过部分部件时的迎面风速表初选各风管风速。以二层风管系统为例,绘出二层风管系统草图如下：（1）对各管段进行编号如图；（2）选定最不利环路，本系统选择1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17新风机为最不利环路；（3）根据各管段的风量及选定的流速，查《通风工程》p242表8-2知薄钢板、镀锌薄钢板的粗糙度为0.15~0.18，由此确定各管段的断面尺寸和单位长度摩擦阻力，（具体查《采暖空调制冷手册》p712表3.5-10、p723表3.5-14）；由《空调工程》p419表8-5查取公共建筑从只管上节出的风管推荐风速为3.0~3.5m/s。管段187 根据qv=174m³/h、v=3m/s,求出管道尺寸。求出管道尺寸应符合矩形管道规格。管道横截面积m=0.0843m³/s÷3=0.0161m²取矩形管道尺寸规格为120x120，实际风速v′==3.35m/s,单位长度摩擦阻力Rm,1-2=1.35Pa/m。同理可选取其他管段管道的规格和摩擦阻力，详细见：表风管水力计算表。（1）计算各管段的沿程摩擦阻力和局部阻力：1）管段1：摩擦阻力△Pm,1-2=Rm,1-2*l1-2=1.35x3.59=4.85Pa局部阻力矩形断面直角弯头ζ=0.35矩形三通ζ=0.247散流器ζ=1.0∑ζ=0.35+0.247+1.0=3.597管内动压Pd,1=v²1=x3.352Pa=4.85Pa△Pz,1=∑ζPd,1-2=5x6.73Pa=33.65Pa管段1的阻力△P1=△Pm,1+△Pz,1=（4.85+33.65）Pa=38.50Pa其他管段的计算结果见表：风管水力计算表风管水力计算表管段编号风量m3/h风量m3/s假定流速m/s截面面积m2选取管径mm宽高3-11740.048330.01611201203-23480.096750.01931601203-36960.193350.03872501603-410440.290050.0582502503-512180.338350.06773202003-619120.531150.10623203203-722600.627850.12564003203-826080.724450.14496302503-929560.821150.164250032087 3-1033040.917850.18365004003-1134780.966150.19326303202-11740.048330.01611201202-23480.096750.01931601202-36960.193350.03872501602-410440.290050.0582502502-512180.338350.08074002002-619120.531150.10623203202-722600.627850.12564003202-826080.724450.14496302502-929560.821150.16425003202-1033040.917850.18365004002-1134780.966150.19326303201-11360.037830.01261201201-22730.075850.01521201201-35450.151450.03032501201-48180.227250.04542502001-59540.265050.0532502001-612270.340850.06823202001-715000.416750.08334002001-817730.492550.09854002501-920460.568350.11375002501-1023190.644250.12884003201-1124550.681950.1364400320管段编号实际风速m/s当量直径D/(mm)管长（m）单位长度摩擦阻力Rm/（Pa/m）沿程摩擦阻力RmL/Pa新风密度ρ/(Kg/m3)3-13.351203.591.354.851.23-25.041373.92.49.361.213-34.831953.91.455.661.243-44.642503.91.14.291.223-55.292463.91.24.681.263-65.193203.91.154.861.213-74.93563.90.72.731.243-84.63583.90.711.281.2587 3-95.133903.90.783.041.213-104.594443.90.83.121.223-114.792161.80.681.221.212-13.351203.591.354.851.22-25.041373.92.49.361.192-34.831953.91.455.661.212-44.642503.90.722.811.22-54.232673.90.732.851.212-65.193203.91.154.861.212-74.93563.90.72.731.242-84.63583.90.711.281.252-95.133903.90.783.041.212-104.594443.90.83.121.222-114.792161.80.681.221.211-12.631203.590.973.481.211-25.261203.93.714.431.21-35.051623.9311.71.231-44.542223.91.24.681.211-55.532223.91.45.461.241-65.322463.91.45.461.231-75.212673.91.24.681.211-84.933083.90.93.511.21-94.553333.90.722.811.241-105.033563.90.783.041.21-115.333561.80.781.41.2管段编号动压Pd/Pa局部阻力系数∑ξ局部阻力△P/Pa管段阻力RmL+Z/Pa　　3-16.73533.6538.50　3-215.33.756.6165.97　3-3141.622.4028.06　3-412.921.316.8021.09　3-516.790.915.1119.79　3-616.160.69.7014.56　3-714.420.568.0810.81　87 3-813.120.425.516.79　3-915.790.46.329.36　3-1017.690.356.199.31　3-1113.770.263.584.80　2-16.73533.6538.50　2-215.243.756.3965.75　2-3141.622.4028.06　2-412.921.316.8019.61　2-510.740.99.6712.52　2-616.160.69.7014.56　2-714.420.568.0810.81　2-813.120.425.516.79　2-915.790.46.329.36　2-1017.690.356.199.31　2-1113.770.263.584.80　1-14.153.614.9418.42　1-216.62.134.8649.29　1-315.561.523.3435.04　1-412.371.214.8419.52　1-518.960.815.1720.63　1-616.980.488.1513.61　1-716.290.457.3312.01　1-814.580.355.108.61　1-912.840.263.346.15　1-1015.180.213.196.23　1-1117.050.122.053.45　　2）以节点3为例：△P2=5.78Pa△P3=6.69Pa==13.6%>10%试着改变设计管道规格尺寸，改为120*120，重新计算管道阻力。87 管道风速v′==4.4m/s，查《采暖空调制冷手册》p712表3.5-10、p723表3.5-14），Rm,2-3=2.07Pa/m，摩擦阻力△Pm,2-3=Rm,2-3*l2-3=2.07x2.867=5.935Pa局部阻力90°矩形断面送出三通ζ=0.45∑ζ0.45管内动压Pd,2-3=v²2-3=x4.42Pa=11.616Pa△Pz,2-3=∑ζPd,2-3=0.45x11.616Pa=5.227Pa管段2-3的阻力△P2-3=△Pm,2-3+△Pz,2-3=（5.935+5.227）Pa=11.162Pa重新校核阻力平衡==42.4%>10%由此发现调节管道尺寸仍达不到只管平衡的要求，可以通过调节风管上设置的阀门这一手段调节管内气流阻力。其他节点的阻力校核如上，通过调节风管设置的阀门进行调节。1）调节后管路1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11的阻力为36.1。2）二层风系统的总压力损失为42.55+8.57=36.1Pa由《通风工程》P260（8-22）（8-23），风机风压为36.1*1.2=43.32Pa风机风量为1830*1.15=3185Pa由此可知选取的无锡申达空调设备有限公司生产的ZK系列暗装空气处理机组ZK3.5满足要求。其他楼层风管系统水力计算步骤同上。7.2水管系统水力计算本设计空调水系统只包括冷冻水供回水系统、冷凝水系统，冷却水和其他系统的设计。本工程地处西安，属于夏热冬暖地区，采用两管制的水系统。87 7.2.1初步布置冷冻水供回水管和冷凝水系统在本设计里，其冷水机组放在顶层。冷凝水排放到卫生间的污水池。7.2.2冷冻水系统水力计算1.水管管材的选择本设计水管管材选用焊接钢管或无缝钢管，易于加工制作，安装方便，能承受较高温度及压力，且具有一定的防腐性能,管道在使用之前，应进行除锈及刷防锈漆处理，然后必须进行保温。2.水管水力计算方法----假定流速法空调水系统设计应坚持的设计原则是：1、力求水力平衡；2、防止大流量小温差；3、水输送系数要符合规范要求；4、变流量系统宜采用变频调节；5、要处理好水系统的膨胀与排气；6、要解决好水处理与水过滤；7、要注意管网的保冷与保暖效果。以管道内水流速作为控制因素，先按技术经济要求选定管道的流速，再根据管道的流量确定水管的管径和阻力，为选择冷冻水循环泵作准备。3.水系统水力计算基本公式（1）冷冻水量的计算式中Q——风机盘管负荷，kW；C——水的比热，kJ/kg·ºC；ρ——水的密度，kg/m3；th——回水的平均温度，取12ºC；tj——供水的平均温度，取7ºC。本设计中由于设计工况与设备的标准工况较为接近，直接选用设备表中给出的冷冻水流量.（2）沿程阻力计算公式Hf=R•LPa87 式中：Hf——水管沿程阻力（Pa）；R——单位长度沿程阻力，又称比摩阻（Pa/m）；L——管长（m）。（3）局部阻力计算公式Hd=Σξ•PdPa式中：Hd—————水管局部阻力系数（Pa）；Σξ——水管局部阻力系数；Pd——————水管的动压（Pa）。（4）管径的计算冷冻水流速的选取依据：一般，当管径在DN100到DN250之间时，流速的推荐值为1.5m/s左右，当管径小于DN100时，推荐流速应小于1.0m/s，当管径大于DN250时，流速可再加大。其中，风机盘管与新风机组的进出管径由生产厂家提供。其它冷冻水管的管径见设计图纸。参考《简明空调设计手册》，结合各管段的流量及流速要求，则可查取各管段的动压、管径、比摩阻等，从而进一步进行水力计算。冷冻水系统的水力计算参数(1)比摩阻的确定冷冻水系统进行水力计算，首先要先布置好水管系统，然后再根据每根管段的长度、流量、沿程比摩阻以及局部阻力系数、动压、末端设备阻力计算出总损失。为了便于计算，现将常用的钢管公称直径、流量及比摩阻的关系整理如下，在计算过程中按照实际情况进行选取，对于表中没有列出的部分，则按照插值的办法进行处理。(2)局部阻力系数的确定查取《简明空调设计手册》查取各环路中各部件的局部阻力系数，列入下表中。表5-3局部阻力系数表阀件ξ备注截止阀15.07.0全开DN40以下全开DN50以上90°弯头0.23分流三通0.68合流三通1.5闸阀0.5突扩0.55突缩0.3687 这里所选风机盘管阻力损失均为30kpa(5)由《空调工程》P460表9-4,9-5,9-6，查取不同管段管内流速推荐值，根据公式进行水流量，管径的计算。各层干管采用异程式，楼层间立管采用同程式。对一楼水管进行水力计算，表下表：管段号QWldvR△P=RLΣζ△Pd△Pj=△Pd*Σζ△P=△Py+△PjKWm3/hmmmm/sPa/mPa　PaPaPa1107.0518.355.508012131171.51.02500510.001681.50267.4211.563.60700.882107561387.2387.201143.20313.122.2513.03320.622513270.281.5192.2288.303558.58410.591.825.39320.5165889.022125250.001139.0259.141.575.81250.77170988.041296.45296.451284.4964.250.736.09200.640024362180360.002796.0071.740.304.74150.43001421.11.580120.001541.1081.740.304.74150.43001421.11.580120.001541.1094.250.736.09200.640024362180360.002796.00109.141.575.81250.77170988.041296.45296.451284.491110.591.825.39320.5165889.022125250.001139.02此管路总压力损失为各管段阻力之和，总阻力为33819.01（管道阻力）+54000（盘管阻力）+30000（附加）=117819Pa二楼水管进行水力计算，表下表：管段号QWldvR△P=RLΣζ△Pd△Pj=△Pd*Σζ△P=△Py+△PjKWm3/hmmmm/sPa/mPa　PaPaPa1107.0518.355.508012131171.51.02500510.001681.50267.4211.563.60700.882107561387.2387.201143.20313.122.2513.03320.622513270.281.5192.2288.303558.58410.591.825.39320.5165889.022125250.001139.0259.141.575.81250.77170988.041296.45296.451284.4964.250.736.09200.640024362180360.002796.0071.740.304.74150.43001421.11.580120.001541.1081.740.304.74150.43001421.11.580120.001541.1094.250.736.09200.640024362180360.002796.00109.141.575.81250.77170988.041296.45296.451284.4987 1110.591.825.39320.5165889.022125250.001139.02此管路总压力损失为各管段阻力之和，总阻力为31580.68（管道阻力）+52000（盘管阻力）+31000（附加）=114580.68Pa三层水管水力计算：管段号QWldvR△P=RLΣζ△Pd△Pj=△Pd*Σζ△P=△Py+△PjKWm3/hmmmm/sPa/mPa　PaPaPa1107.0518.355.508012131171.51.02500510.001681.50267.4211.563.60700.882107561387.2387.201143.20319.323.3113.03400.72573348.451.5245367.503715.95412.242.105.39320.582201185.362168.2336.401521.76510.601.825.81320.5168976.4161125125.001101.4264.850.836.09200.6550030452211.25422.503467.5071.950.334.74150.43001421.11.580120.001541.1081.950.334.74150.43001421.11.580120.001541.1094.850.836.09200.6550030452211.25422.503467.501010.601.825.81320.5168976.4161125125.001101.421112.242.105.39320.582201185.362168.2336.401521.76此管路总压力损失为各管段阻力之和，总阻力为36151.7（管道阻力）+56000（盘管阻力）+30000（附加）=125152Pa经校验，不平衡系数小于10%，各楼层之间不平衡不用调节，各层干管采用阀门进行调节。对水泵进行选型，查《中央空调设备选型手册》P640,表4.2-3，选取IS65-40-315，其参数如下；型号转速n流量Q扬程H(r/min)（m³/h)(L/H)（Mpa)IS65-40-3152900154.171.245效率η功率（KW)必须汽蚀余量（NPSH)r(m)泵重量（KG)（%）轴功率电机功率2818.5302.5　水泵设置两台，一备一用，以防一台发生故障时使系统停止运行，不能满足建筑对制冷的要求。87 八．制冷机组选型新风机组跟风机盘管需要的冷量之和为27.58+37.83+35.25+134.78KW=245.44KW,据此可对制冷机组进行选型：查《采暖空调制冷手册》P1016页，选取螺杆冷水机组，其技术参数为螺杆冷水机组型号LSLGF300冷凝器型号K22.3蒸发器型号G28.5名义工况冷负荷（KW)324冷凝面积（m²)22.3蒸发面积（㎡）29.5制冷剂R22管材钢管管材钢管震动（μm)≤20管径（mm)Φ16x1管径Φ16x1外形尺寸mm长3812冷却水量（m³/h)90冷水量（m³/h)60宽1462进出水管径（mm)DN100进出水管径（mm)DN100高1880水程阻力（Mpa)0.07水程阻力（Mpa)0.06机组重量（KG)3286型式干式　　运行重量（KG)3720　　　　冷却塔设置在设备间楼顶。九．小结课程设计是是一种难得的锻炼机会，通过这次空调系统设计，以前很多滞涩的地方都得到了提升，很多理论知识在时间和应用中得到了更深刻的理解，很多不懂的问题都得到了解决。不仅锻炼了我在专业基础知识上的运用和解决实际工程问题的能力，使之不断熟练，同时也提高了我查阅文献资料、设计手册、设计规范以及电脑制图等其他专业能力水平，以及团结合作解决问题的额能力，分析问题与解决问题的能力。总之，在做这次毕业设计的过程中，既复习了自己以前学过的专业知识，又学会了新的知识了，而且对本专业未来将要从事的工作有了新的认识和实践性的知识准备。我从本次课程设计中学到了许多课本上没有的知识。从设计任务书的下达到今天基本实现任务书中的设计要求，通过自己的努力和老师的指导，使我不仅仅在知识水平和解决实际问题的能力上有了很大的提高，而且还从思想上的深深的体会到基础的重要性。本次课程设计是对迁西安市某办公楼空调工程设计，针对办公楼建筑，主要是对它的会议室、办公室、大厅等的室内空气进行中央空调的系统的设计，使之符合风速、温度、湿度、及人的舒适性需要。本建筑物的最终确定方案为：采用风机盘管加新风系统。水系统选择开式、竖直同程、水平异程式、双管制、单级泵，变流量系统。对于本次设计，由于水平的局限和经验的不足，我的设计只能提供基本的功能。相信随着知识的加深和经验的增多，我的设计能力会不断提高。87 经过三个星期的课程设计，我更加的的了解了本专业工作的内容，也更加的喜欢上暖通空调这个行业。尽管我是一名燃气方向的学生，通过《暖通设计视频》，《空调工程》的学习，《通风工程》，《冷热源工程》的自学，尤其是这次实战性的课程设计，我更加坚信我喜欢空调多于燃气，甚至我都能给很多学暖通的同学讲解有关暖通空调的知识。虽然我还有很多东西需要学习，但我仍然相信，在暖通这条路上我也可以走得很远！十．参考资料1.《暖通空调规范实施手册》李竹光中国建筑工业出版社2.《空气调节设计手册》电子工业部第十设计研究院中国建筑工业出版社3.《中央空调设备选型手册》周邦宁中国建筑工业出版社4.《民用建筑制冷空调设计研究院》宋孝春中国建筑工业出版社5.《采暖空调制冷手册》黄素逸林秀诚叶志瑾机械工业出版社6.《通风工程》王汉青机械工业出版社7.《供热工程》孙刚王飞吴华新中国建筑工业出版社8.《工程热力学》廉乐明谭羽非吴家正朱彤严家騄中国建筑工业出版社9.《传热学》杨世铭陶文铨高等教育出版社10.《民用建筑供暖通风与空调》11.《空气调节设计规范》中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部和中华人民共和国国建质量监督检验检疫总局2012年联合发布12.《暖通空调制图标准》中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部87'